All the rest of that day I spent in afflicting myself at the dismal circumstances I was brought to, viz., I had neither food, house, clothes, weapon, nor place to fly to;
その日の残りは、私が置かれた悲惨な状況に苦しむのに費やした。つまり、私には食べ物も、家も、衣服も、武器も、逃げ場所もなかった。
and in despair of any relief, saw nothing but death before me;
そして、どんな救済も絶望的で、私の前には死しか見えなかった。
either that I should be devoured by wild beasts, murdered by savages, or starved to death for want of food.
either
(いずれか)
[接]
one or the other of two things
be devoured
(食われる)
[動]
be eaten
be murdered
(殺される)
[動]
be killed
野獣に食われるか、野蛮人に殺されるか、食料がなくて餓死するかのいずれかだった。
At the approach of night, I slept in a tree for fear of wild creatures, but slept soundly, though it rained all night.
at the approach of
(近づき)
[名]
the act of coming near or nearer
soundly
(ぐっすり)
[副]
in a deep or heavy sleep
夜が近づき、私は野生の生き物を恐れて木の上で眠ったが、一晩中雨が降っていたにもかかわらずぐっすりと眠った。
_Oct. 1._--In the morning I saw, to my great surprise, the ship had floated with the high tide, and was driven on shore again much nearer the island;
Oct. 1
(10月1日)
[名]
the first day of the tenth month of the year
high tide
(満潮)
[名]
the time when the sea is at its highest level
10月1日。朝、私は驚いたことに、船が満潮で浮かび、島のずっと近くの岸に再び打ち上げられているのを見ました。
which, as it was some comfort on one hand, for seeing her sit upright, and not broken to pieces, I hoped, if the wind abated, I might get on board, and get some food and necessaries out of her for my relief;
on one hand
(一方では)
[副]
from one point of view
broken to pieces
(粉々に砕ける)
[動]
break into many pieces
船が直立して座っているのを見て、粉々に砕けていないのを見るのは、一方では慰めだったので、風が弱まれば、船に乗り込んで、救済のために食料や必需品を取り出せるのではないかと期待した。
so, on the other hand, it renewed my grief at the loss of my comrades, who, I imagined, if we had all stayed on board, might have saved the ship, or at least that they would not have been all drowned as they were;
renew
(再燃する)
[動]
begin again
stay on board
(船に残る)
[動]
remain on a ship
一方で、仲間を失った悲しみが再燃し、もし全員が船に残っていたら船を救えたかもしれないし、少なくとも全員が溺れることはなかっただろうと思った。
and that had the men been saved, we might perhaps have built us a boat out of the ruins of the ship, to have carried us to some other part of the world.
そして、もし人々が救われていたら、船の残骸からボートを造って、世界のどこか別の場所に連れて行ってくれていたかもしれない。
I spent great part of this day in perplexing myself on these things;
spend
(過ごす)
[動]
pass or occupy (time) in a specified way
great part
(大半)
[名]
a large part
perplex
(悩む)
[動]
cause to be puzzled or confused
私はこの日の大半を、これらのことに悩んで過ごした。
but at length seeing the ship almost dry, I went upon the sand as near as I could, and then swam on board;
しかし、やがて船がほとんど乾いているのを見て、私はできるだけ近くの砂浜に行き、それから船に泳いで行った。
this day also it continued raining, though with no wind at all.
this day
(この日)
[名]
the present day
この日も雨が降り続いたが、風は全くなかった。
From the 1st of _October_ to the 24th.--All these days entirely spent in many several voyages to get all I could out of the ship, which I brought on shore, every tide of flood, upon rafts.
from the 1st of _October_ to the 24th
(10月1日から24日まで)
[名]
a period of time
all these days
(この数日間)
[名]
a period of time
many several voyages
(何度も何度も往復)
[名]
a journey by sea
get all I could out of the ship
(船からできるだけ多くのものを運び出す)
[動]
remove something from a ship
which I brought on shore
(私は岸に運び込んだ)
[他]
that I brought to the shore
every tide of flood
(満潮のたびに)
[名]
each time the tide is high
upon rafts
(いかだに乗って)
[前]
on top of a raft
10月1日から24日まで。この数日間は、船からできるだけ多くのものを運び出すために、何度も何度も往復して過ごした。私は満潮のたびに、いかだに乗って岸に運び込んだ。
Much rain also in these days, though with some intervals of fair weather;
much rain
(雨が多かった)
[名]
a lot of rain
these days
(この頃)
[名]
the present time
fair weather
(晴れ間)
[名]
good weather
この頃は、晴れ間も少しあったが、雨が多かった。
but, it seems, this was the rainy season.
seem
(らしい)
[動]
appear to be; give the impression of being
rainy season
(雨季)
[名]
the season of the year when most of the annual rainfall occurs
しかし、どうやら雨季だったらしい。
_Oct. 25._--It rained all night and all day, with some gusts of wind, during which time the ship broke in pieces, the wind blowing a little harder than before, and was no more to be seen, except the wreck of her, and that only at low water.
some gusts of wind
(時折突風)
[名]
a strong wind that blows for a short period of time
break in pieces
(ばらばらに壊れる)
[動]
break into many pieces
a little harder
(少し強く)
[副]
a little more strongly
no more
(見えなくなる)
[副]
not any more
at low water
(干潮時)
[名]
the time when the tide is at its lowest point
10月25日。一晩中、一日中雨が降り、時折突風が吹いた。その間に船はばらばらに壊れ、風が前よりも少し強く吹き、船の残骸以外は見えなくなり、それも干潮時だけだった。
I spent this day in covering and securing the goods which I had saved, that the rain might not spoil them.
この日は、雨で台無しにならないように、回収した荷物を覆って固定するのに費やした。
_Oct. 26._--I walked about the shore almost all day to find out a place to fix my habitation, greatly concerned to secure myself from an attack in the night, either from wild beasts or men.
Oct. 26
(10月26日)
[名]
the 26th day of October
fix
(構える)
[動]
repair or mend
concern
(関心事)
[名]
a matter of interest or importance to someone
10月26日。住居を構える場所を見つけるために、ほとんど一日中海岸を歩き回った。夜に野獣や人間に襲われないように、安全を確保することが最大の関心事だった。
Towards night I fixed upon a proper place under a rock, and marked out a semicircle for my encampment, which I resolved to strengthen with a work, wall, or fortification made of double piles, lined within with cables, and without with turf.
fix upon
(決める)
[動]
decide on
mark out
(定める)
[動]
to indicate the boundaries of
encampment
(宿営地)
[名]
a temporary camp
strengthen
(補強する)
[動]
to make or become stronger
work
(塀)
[名]
a structure that divides or encloses an area
fortification
(要塞)
[名]
a military building designed to be defended against an enemy
double
(二重の)
[形]
having two parts, elements, or layers
夜が近づき、岩の下の適当な場所を決め、半円形の宿営地を定めた。それを、内側をケーブルで、外側を芝で覆った二重の杭で作った塀や要塞で補強することにした。
_Nov. 4._--This morning I began to order my times of work, of going out with my gun, time of sleep, and time of diversion, viz., every morning I walked out with my gun for two or three hours, if it did not rain;
Nov. 4
(11月4日)
[名]
the fourth day of the eleventh month
This morning
(今朝)
[名]
the morning of the current day
order
(決める)
[動]
decide on and make arrangements for
sleep
(睡眠)
[名]
the natural state of rest in which consciousness practically suspended
every morning
(毎朝)
[名]
the morning of each day
walk out
(散歩する)
[動]
leave a place
two or three hours
(2、3時間)
[名]
a period of time equal to 120 minutes or 180 minutes
11月4日、今朝、私は仕事の時間、銃を持って出かける時間、睡眠の時間、気晴らしの時間を決め始めた。つまり、雨が降らなければ、毎朝2、3時間銃を持って散歩した。
then employed myself to work till about eleven o’clock; then eat what I had to live on;
eleven o'clock
(11時)
[名]
the time eleven hours after midnight
live on
(生きるために必要な)
[動]
continue to live or exist
それから11時頃まで働き、それから生きるために必要なものを食べる。
and from twelve to two I lay down to sleep, the weather being excessive hot;
from twelve to two
(12時から2時まで)
[名]
the period of time from 12:00 to 2:00
lay down
(横になる)
[動]
to put oneself in a resting position
sleep
(寝る)
[動]
to rest with the eyes closed
そして12時から2時までは、天候が非常に暑いので横になって寝る。
and then in the evening to work again.
そして夕方にはまた仕事に取りかかる。
The working part of this day and of the next were wholly employed in making my table;
working part
(作業時間)
[名]
the time during which one is working
employed
(費やされた)
[動]
use or engage for a particular purpose
この日と次の日の作業時間は、すべてテーブル作りに費やされた。
for I was yet but a very sorry workman, though time and necessity made me a complete natural mechanic soon after, as I believe it would do any one else.
sorry
(下手な)
[形]
of poor quality
workman
(職人)
[名]
a person who does manual labor
necessity
(必要性)
[名]
the quality or state of being necessary
natural
(天然の)
[形]
existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind
mechanic
(機械工)
[名]
a person who repairs and maintains machines
というのも、私はまだとても下手な職人だったからだが、時間と必要性が私をすぐに完全な天然の機械工にした。
_Nov. 5._--This day went abroad with my gun and my dog, and killed a wild cat;
Nov. 5
(11月5日)
[名]
the 5th day of November
go abroad
(外出する)
[動]
go to a foreign country
11月5日ーこの日は銃と犬を連れて外出し、野生の猫を殺した。
her skin pretty soft, but her flesh good for nothing.
soft
(柔らかい)
[形]
not hard or firm to the touch
good for nothing
(食べられない)
[形]
not useful or competent
その猫の皮は柔らかかったが、肉は食べられなかった。
Every creature I killed, I took off the skins and preserved them.
私は殺した動物はすべて皮を剥いで保存した。
Coming back by the sea-shore, I saw many sorts of sea-fowls, which I did not understand;
sea-fowl
(海鳥)
[名]
a bird that lives near the sea
understand
(知らない)
[動]
be familiar with; know
海岸沿いに戻ってくると、私は知らない種類の海鳥をたくさん見た。
but was surprised, and almost frightened, with two or three seals, which, while I was gazing at, not well knowing what they were, got into the sea, and escaped me for that time.
be frightened
(恐怖を覚える)
[動]
feel or show fear
seal
(アザラシ)
[名]
a large marine mammal with a streamlined body and limbs modified into flippers
gaze
(じっと見る)
[動]
look intently or steadily
しかし、二、三頭のアザラシに驚き、ほとんど恐怖を覚えたが、私がじっと見ているうちに、それが何であるかよくわからないうちに海に入り、そのときは逃げてしまった。
_Nov. 7._--Now it began to be settled fair weather.
Nov. 7
(11月7日)
[名]
the seventh day of the eleventh month
fair weather
(天気)
[名]
weather that is sunny and dry
11月7日ー天気はようやく落ち着き始めた。
The 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, and part of the 12th (for the 11th was Sunday) I took wholly up to make me a chair, and with much ado, brought it to a tolerable shape, but never to please me;
7th
(7日)
[名]
the seventh day of the month
8th
(8日)
[名]
the eighth day of the month
9th
(9日)
[名]
the ninth day of the month
10th
(10日)
[名]
the tenth day of the month
12th
(12日)
[名]
the twelfth day of the month
11th
(11日)
[名]
the eleventh day of the month
Sunday
(日曜日)
[名]
the first day of the week
much ado
(大騒ぎ)
[名]
a lot of fuss or bother
tolerable
(我慢できる)
[形]
able to be endured
please
(満足する)
[動]
to be satisfactory to
7日、8日、9日、10日、12日の一部(11日は日曜日だった)は、椅子を作るのに専念し、大騒ぎして、我慢できる形にまで持っていったが、決して満足できるものではなかった。
and even in the making, I pulled it in pieces several times.
in the making
(作っている最中)
[名]
in the process of being made
pull
(バラバラにする)
[動]
move or cause to move by exerting force
in pieces
(バラバラに)
[副]
in a broken or damaged state
作っている最中にも何度かバラバラにしてしまった。
Note, I soon neglected my keeping Sundays; for, omitting my mark for them on my post, I forgot which was which.
note
(注)
[名]
a brief record of facts, topics, or thoughts, written down as an aid to memory
keep
(守る)
[動]
observe or adhere to
mark
(印)
[名]
a sign or indication of something
注、私はすぐに日曜日を守ることを怠るようになった。なぜなら、柱に日曜日の印を付けるのを怠ったため、どれが日曜日か忘れてしまったからだ。
_Nov. 13._--This day it rained, which refreshed me exceedingly, and cooled the earth;
Nov. 13
(11月13日)
[名]
the 13th day of November
earth
(大地)
[名]
the planet on which we live
11月13日ーこの日は雨が降り、私はとても爽快な気分になり、大地も冷えた。
but it was accompanied with terrible thunder and lightning, which frightened me dreadfully, for fear of my powder.
accompany
(伴う)
[動]
go together with
thunder
(雷)
[名]
the sound that follows a flash of lightning
frighten
(怖がる)
[動]
make someone afraid
しかし、それには恐ろしい雷と稲妻が伴い、火薬が心配で私は恐ろしく怖くなった。
As soon as it was over, I resolved to separate my stock of powder into as many little parcels as possible, that it might not be in danger.
stock
(蓄え)
[名]
a supply of something that is available for use
as many as possible
(できるだけ多く)
[副]
the greatest possible number or amount
それが終わるとすぐに、私は火薬の蓄えを危険にさらさないように、できるだけ多くの小さな小包に分けようと決心した。
_Nov. 14, 15, 16._--These three days I spent in making little square chests or boxes, which might hold about a pound, or two pound at most, of powder;
Nov. 14, 15, 16
(11月14、15、16日)
[名]
November 14, 15, and 16
three days
(三日間)
[名]
a period of three days
hold
(入れる)
[動]
contain or be capable of containing
11月14、15、16日ーこの三日間は、火薬を1ポンド、せいぜい2ポンドほど入れられる小さな四角い箱を作った。
and so putting the powder in, I stowed it in places as secure and remote from one another as possible.
put in
(入れる)
[動]
place something inside something else
remote
(離れた)
[形]
far away in space or time
そして火薬を入れ、できるだけ安全で互いに離れた場所に保管した。
On one of these three days I killed a large bird that was good to eat, but I know not what to call it.
この三日のうちに、私は食べるのに良い大きな鳥を殺したが、何と呼べばいいのかわからない。
_Nov. 17._--This day I began to dig behind my tent into the rock, to make room for my farther convenience.
Nov. 17
(11月17日)
[名]
the 17th day of November
dig
(掘る)
[動]
break up and move earth with a tool or machine
make room
(場所を作る)
[動]
create space for something
11月17日ーこの日、私はテントの後ろの岩を掘り始め、さらに便利な場所を作った。
Note, three things I wanted exceedingly for this work, viz., a pick-axe, a shovel, and a wheelbarrow or basket;
exceedingly
(非常に)
[副]
to a very great degree
wheelbarrow
(手押し車)
[名]
a small cart with a single wheel at the front and two handles at the back, used for carrying loads
注意、この作業に私が非常に欲しかった三つの物、すなわち、つるはし、シャベル、そして手押し車か籠である。
so I desisted from my work, and began to consider how to supply that want, and make me some tools.
desist
(中断する)
[動]
stop doing something
それで私は作業を中断し、その不足をどう補うか、そして道具をどう作るかを考え始めた。
As for a pick-axe, I made use of the iron crows, which were proper enough, though heavy;
make use of
(使う)
[動]
to use something for a particular purpose
つるはしについては、私は鉄のバールを使い、それは重かったが、十分に適切だった。
but the next thing was a shovel or spade.
しかし、次に必要なのはシャベルかスコップだった。
This was so absolutely necessary, that indeed I could do nothing effectually without it;
これは絶対に必要で、実際、それなしでは何も効果的にできなかった。
but what kind of one to make, I knew not.
what kind of
(どんな)
[限]
of what sort or type
one
(もの)
[名]
a thing
しかし、どんなものを作ればいいのか、私にはわからなかった。
_Nov. 18._--The next day, in searching the woods, I found a tree of that wood, or like it, which in the Brazils they call the iron tree, for its exceeding hardness;
Nov. 18
(11月18日)
[名]
the 18th day of November
search
(探検する)
[動]
look through or go over carefully in order to find something
11月18日ー翌日、森を探検していると、ブラジルでは鉄の木と呼ばれる、非常に硬い木を見つけた。
of this, with great labor, and almost spoiling my axe, I cut a piece, and brought it home, too, with difficulty enough, for it was exceeding heavy.
of this
(これを)
[代]
this
great labor
(大変な労力)
[名]
a lot of effort
これを、大変な労力をかけて、斧をほとんどだめにしながら、一本切り、非常に重かったので、かなり苦労して家に持ち帰った。
The excessive hardness of the wood, and having no other way, made me a long while upon this machine, for I worked it effectually, by little and little, into the form of a shovel or spade, the handle exactly shaped like ours in England, only that the broad part having no iron shod upon it at bottom, it would not last me so long.
no other way
(他に方法がない)
[名]
no alternative
long while
(長い時間)
[名]
a long period of time
machine
(道具)
[名]
an apparatus using or applying mechanical power and having several parts, each with a definite function and together performing a particular task
work
(加工する)
[動]
shape or fashion by using a tool
little by little
(少しずつ)
[副]
gradually
spade
(スペード)
[名]
a hand tool for digging or moving loose material
handle
(柄)
[名]
the part of an object that is held in the hand when using or carrying it
exactly
(同じ)
[副]
in an exact manner or to an exact degree
ours
(私たちのもの)
[代]
belonging to or connected with the speaker
broad
(広い)
[形]
having a large distance from one side to the other
木が非常に硬く、他に方法がなかったので、私はこの道具に長い時間をかけ、少しずつ効果的にシャベルやスペードの形に加工し、柄はイギリスのものと同じ形にしたが、広い部分の底に鉄製の靴を履いていないので、それほど長持ちしないだろう。
However, it served well enough for the uses which I had occasion to put it to;
serve
(役立つ)
[動]
be of use to
しかし、私が使う用途には十分に役立った。
but never was a shovel, I believe, made after that fashion, or so long a-making.
fashion
(方法)
[名]
a manner of doing something
しかし、そのような方法で作られたシャベルはこれまでなかったし、作るのにそれほど時間がかかったシャベルもなかったと思う。
I was still deficient, for I wanted a basket or a wheelbarrow.
be deficient
(足りない)
[動]
be lacking in something
それでもまだ足りなかった。かごか手押し車が欲しかった。
A basket I could not make by any means, having no such things at twigs that would bend to make wicker-ware, at least none yet found out.
by any means
(どうしても)
[副]
in any way possible
twig
(小枝)
[名]
a small thin branch of a tree or bush
bend
(曲がる)
[動]
to change from a straight or flat position to a curved or angular one
wicker-ware
(枝編み細工)
[名]
articles made from twigs or other flexible plant material
かごはどうしても作れなかった。枝編み細工に使えるような曲がる小枝がなかったので、少なくともまだ見つけていなかった。
And as to a wheelbarrow, I fancied I could make all but the wheel, but that I had no notion of, neither did I know how to go about it;
wheel
(車輪)
[名]
a circular object that revolves on an axle and is fixed below a vehicle or other object to enable it to move easily over the ground
go about
(行う)
[動]
to do something in a particular way
手押し車については、車輪以外は作れると思ったが、車輪については全く考えが浮かばず、どうすればいいのか分からなかった。
besides, I had no possible way to make the iron gudgeons for the spindle or axis of the wheel to run in, so I gave it over;
have no possible way
(方法がない)
[動]
be unable to do something
gudgeon
(心棒)
[名]
a pivot or pin on which something turns
spindle
(軸)
[名]
a rod or pin holding a bobbin or reel and forming the axis on which the bobbin or reel revolves
axis
(軸)
[名]
an imaginary line about which a body or geometric figure rotates or may be conceived as rotating
その上、車輪の軸に使う鉄製の心棒を作る方法がなかったので、諦めた。
and so for carrying away the earth which I dug out of the cave, I made me a thing like a hod which the laborers carry mortar in, when they serve the bricklayers.
carry away
(運び出す)
[動]
take or carry something from one place to another
dig out
(掘り出す)
[動]
extract by digging
cave
(洞穴)
[名]
a natural underground chamber
hod
(こね鉢)
[名]
a tray or trough with a handle used for carrying bricks or mortar
laborer
(労働者)
[名]
a person who works for wages, especially in manual or industrial work
mortar
(モルタル)
[名]
a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used in building to hold bricks or stones together
serve
(手伝う)
[動]
work as a servant
bricklayer
(レンガ職人)
[名]
a person whose job is to build walls, houses, etc. with bricks
それで、洞穴から掘り出した土を運び出すために、レンガ職人の手伝いをする労働者がモルタルを運ぶ時に使うような、こね鉢のようなものを自分で作った。
This was not so difficult to me as the making the shovel;
this
(これ)
[代]
the thing that is being discussed or referred to
be not so difficult
(それほど難しくはない)
[動]
be not as difficult as something else
as
(ほど)
[接]
to the same degree or extent as
the making
(作ること)
[名]
the process of creating something
これは私にとって、シャベルを作るほど難しくはなかった。
and yet this, and the shovel, and the attempt which I made in vain to make a wheelbarrow, took me up no less than four days;
and yet
(それでも)
[接]
nevertheless; even so
no less than
(もかかわらず)
[副]
as much as; no fewer than
four days
(4日)
[名]
a period of four days
それでも、これとシャベル、そして手押し車を作ろうとして失敗した試みは、私に4日もかかってしまった。
I mean always, excepting my morning walk with my gun, which I seldom failed, and very seldom failed also bringing home something fit to eat.
fail
(欠かす)
[動]
be unsuccessful in achieving one's goal
銃を持っての朝の散歩は別で、これはほとんど欠かすことがなく、また、食べられるものを持ち帰ることもほとんど欠かすことがなかった。
_Nov. 23._--My other work having now stood still because of my making these tools, when they were finished I went on, and working every day, as my strength and time allowed,
Nov. 23
(11月23日)
[名]
the 23rd day of November
finish
(完成する)
[動]
bring (something) to an end
11月23日。これらの道具を作っている間に他の作業が止まっていたので、道具が完成すると、私は毎日、体力と時間の許す限り作業を続けた。
I spent eighteen days entirely in widening and deepening my cave, that it might hold my goods commodiously.
eighteen days
(18日間)
[名]
a period of time
widen
(広くする)
[動]
make wider
deepen
(深くする)
[動]
make deeper
hold
(収納する)
[動]
keep or store
commodiously
(都合の良いように)
[副]
in a convenient manner
私は18日間、私の洞窟を広く深くすることに費やし、私の品物を収納するのに都合の良いようにした。
_Note._--During all this time I worked to make this room or cave spacious enough to accommodate me as a warehouse or magazine, a kitchen, a dining-room, and a cellar;
all this time
(この間ずっと)
[名]
the entire period of time
work
(努力する)
[動]
to put effort into doing or achieving something
spacious
(広く)
[形]
having a lot of space
accommodate
(使えるように)
[動]
to provide with a place to live or stay
warehouse
(倉庫)
[名]
a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods may be stored prior to their distribution for sale
magazine
(雑誌)
[名]
a periodical publication containing articles and illustrations
dining-room
(食堂)
[名]
a room where meals are eaten
注。この間ずっと、私はこの部屋、つまり洞窟を、倉庫、雑誌、台所、食堂、地下室として使えるように広くしようと努力していた。
as for my lodging, I kept to the tent, except that sometimes in the wet season of the year it rained so hard, that I could not keep myself dry, which caused me afterwards to cover all my place within my pale with long poles, in the form of rafters, leaning against the rock, and load them with flags and large leaves of trees, like a thatch.
keep to
(張る)
[動]
continue doing something
wet season
(雨季)
[名]
the season of the year that brings the most rainfall
hard
(激しく)
[副]
with a great deal of force or strength
keep oneself dry
(体が濡れないようにする)
[動]
prevent oneself from getting wet
pale
(敷地)
[名]
a fence or boundary
in the form of
(の形をした)
[前]
having the shape or appearance of
lean against
(立てかける)
[動]
be in or move into a sloping position
load
(載せる)
[動]
put something on top of something else
leaf
(葉)
[名]
a flattened structure of a plant that is typically green and produces food by photosynthesis
thatch
(茅葺き)
[名]
a roof covering of straw, reeds, or similar materials
私の宿泊施設については、テントを張っていたが、雨季には雨が激しく降って、体が濡れないようにすることができなかったので、その後、敷地内のすべての場所を、垂木の形をした長い棒で岩に立てかけ、茅葺きのように旗や大きな木の葉を載せて覆うようにした。
_Dec. 10._--I began now to think my cave or vault finished, when on a sudden (it seems I had made it too large) a great quantity of earth fell down from the top and one side, so much, that, in short, it frightened me, and not without reason too;
Dec. 10
(12月10日)
[名]
the tenth day of the twelfth month
vault
(地下室)
[名]
an underground room
finished
(完成した)
[形]
having been completed
too large
(大きくしすぎた)
[形]
having too great a size
so much
(とても)
[副]
to a great extent
frightened
(恐怖に襲われた)
[形]
feeling or showing fear
without reason
(無理はない)
[副]
not having a good reason
12月10日。私は洞窟や地下室が完成したと思い始めたが、突然(私はそれを大きくしすぎたようだ)、上部と片側から大量の土が落ちてきて、私は恐怖に襲われたが、それも無理はない。
for if I had been under it, I had never wanted a grave-digger.
もし私がその下敷きになっていたら、墓掘り人夫は必要なかっただろう。
Upon this disaster I had a great deal of work to do over again;
a great deal of
(多くの)
[名]
a lot of
do over
(やり直す)
[動]
do again
この災害で私はまた多くの仕事をやり直さなければならなかった。
for I had the loose earth to carry out;
have
(しなければならなかった)
[動]
be obliged to
崩れた土を運び出さなければならなかったからだ。
and, which was of more importance, I had the ceiling to prop up, so that I might be sure no more would come down.
which
(それは)
[代]
used to refer to a thing previously mentioned or easily identified
be of importance
(重要である)
[動]
be significant or worthy of attention
prop up
(支える)
[動]
support or hold up
ceiling
(天井)
[名]
the upper interior surface of a room or other similar compartment
come down
(落ちる)
[動]
move or fall from a higher to a lower position
そして、もっと重要なのは、天井を支えなければならなかったことだ。そうすれば、もう落ちてこないと確信できるからだ。
_Dec. 11._--This day I went to work with it accordingly, and got two shores or posts pitched upright to the top, with two pieces of boards across over each post.
_Dec. 11._
(_12月11日_)
[名]
the 11th day of December
get
(取り掛かる)
[動]
to obtain, receive, or acquire
across
(渡した)
[前]
from one side to the other of
_12月11日_--この日、私はそれに従って作業に取り掛かり、2本の支柱を立てて、それぞれの支柱に2枚の板を渡した。
This I finished the next day;
これを翌日には完成させた。
and setting more posts up with boards, in about a week more I had the roof secure;
about a week
(約1週間)
[名]
a period of seven days
そして、板を張った支柱をさらに立てて、約1週間で屋根を固定した。
and the posts standing in rows, served me for partitions to part of my house.
partition
(仕切り)
[名]
a structure that divides or separates
そして、支柱が列をなして立っていたので、家の一部を仕切るのに役立った。
_Dec. 17._--From this day to the twentieth I placed shelves, and knocked up nails on the posts to hang everything up that could be hung up;
_Dec. 17._
(_12月17日_)
[名]
the 17th day of December
the twentieth
(20日)
[名]
the 20th day of the month
knock up
(打ち込む)
[動]
hit upwards
hang up
(吊るす)
[動]
suspend or be suspended from above
that
(もの)
[関]
the thing that
could be
(できる)
[助]
be able to
_12月17日_--この日から20日まで、私は棚を設置し、支柱に釘を打ち込んで、吊るせるものはすべて吊るした。
and now I began to be in some order within doors.
some
(ある程度)
[限]
a small amount or number of
order
(整然)
[名]
the arrangement or disposition of people or things in relation to each other according to a particular sequence, pattern, or method
within doors
(屋内)
[副]
inside a building
そして、今や私は屋内ではある程度整然とし始めた。
_Dec. 27._--Killed a young goat, and lamed another, so that I caught it, and led it home on a string.
Dec. 27
(12月27日)
[名]
the 27th day of December
goat
(ヤギ)
[名]
a mammal that is often kept for its milk or meat
lame
(足を痛める)
[動]
cause to be unable to walk properly
lead
(連れて帰る)
[動]
take or guide someone or something to a destination
_12月27日_--子ヤギを殺し、もう一匹を足を痛めさせたので、それを捕まえて紐で引いて家に連れて帰った。
When I had it home, I bound and splintered up its leg, which was broke.
have
(連れ帰る)
[動]
take or carry
splinter
(添え木をする)
[動]
break or cause to break into small sharp fragments
家に連れ帰ると、折れた足を縛って添え木をした。
_N.B._--I took such care of it, that it lived;
live
(生き延びる)
[動]
to continue to live or exist
_注_--私はそのヤギをとても大事にしたので、ヤギは生き延びた。
and the leg grew well and as strong as ever;
そして足は元通りに治り、以前と同じくらい強くなった。
but by my nursing it so long it grew tame, and fed upon the little green at my door, and would not go away.
nursing
(看病)
[名]
the profession or practice of providing care for the sick and infirm
grow tame
(飼いならされる)
[動]
become domesticated
feed upon
(食べる)
[動]
eat
しかし、私が長い間看病したために、ヤギは飼いならされ、私の家のドアの前の小さな緑の草を食べ、逃げようとしなかった。
This was the first time that I entertained a thought of breeding up some tame creatures, that I might have food when my powder and shot was all spent.
entertain
(考える)
[動]
consider or have in mind
tame
(飼いならした)
[形]
not wild; domesticated
火薬と弾丸を使い果たしてしまった時に食料を確保するために、飼いならした動物を育ててみようと考えたのはこれが初めてだった。
_Dec. 28, 29, 30._--Great heats and no breeze, so that there was no stirring abroad, except in the evening, for food.
Dec. 28, 29, 30
(12月28、29、30日)
[名]
the 28th, 29th, and 30th days of December
Great heats
(とても暑く)
[名]
a high temperature
no breeze
(そよ風も吹かなかった)
[名]
a gentle wind
stirring abroad
(外に出なかった)
[名]
going outside
_12月28、29、30日_--とても暑く、そよ風も吹かなかったので、夕食をとる時以外は外に出なかった。
This time I spent in putting all my things in order within doors.
this time
(この時期)
[名]
the present time
put in order
(整理する)
[動]
arrange in a neat, tidy, or systematic way
この時期は、家の中ですべてのものを整理するのに費やした。
_Jan. 1._--Very hot still, but I went abroad early and late with my gun, and lay still in the middle of the day.
Jan. 1
(1月1日)
[名]
the first day of the year
early
(朝早く)
[副]
before the usual or expected time
late
(夜遅くまで)
[副]
after the usual or expected time
abroad
(外出)
[名]
a foreign country
middle
(日中)
[名]
the part of something that is equally distant from all its sides, ends, or surfaces
still
(横になっていた)
[副]
not moving or making a sound
_1月1日_--まだとても暑かったが、私は朝早くから夜遅くまで銃を持って外出し、日中は横になっていた。
This evening, going farther into the valleys which lay towards the centre of the island, I found there was plenty of goats, though exceeding shy, and hard to come at.
this evening
(その夜)
[名]
the evening of the current day
go farther
(さらに奥まで進む)
[動]
move to a more distant place
lie towards
(横たわる)
[動]
be in a specified position
centre
(中心部)
[名]
the middle point of something
plenty of
(たくさんの)
[名]
a lot of
hard to come at
(近寄りにくい)
[形]
difficult to approach or reach
その夜、島の中心部に向かって横たわる谷をさらに奥まで進むと、非常に臆病で近寄りにくいものの、たくさんの山羊がいるのを発見した。
However I resolved to try if I could not bring my dog to hunt them down.
hunt
(狩り)
[名]
the sport or activity of hunting animals or birds
しかし、犬を連れて行って狩りができないか試してみることにした。
_Jan. 2._--Accordingly, the next day, I went out with my dog, and set him upon the goats;
Jan. 2
(1月2日)
[名]
the second day of the first month of the year
set upon
(襲いかからせる)
[動]
attack someone or something
_1月2日_--それに従って、翌日、私は犬を連れて出かけ、山羊に襲いかからせた。
but I was mistaken, for they all faced about upon the dog;
be mistaken
(間違っている)
[動]
be wrong
face about
(立ち向かう)
[動]
turn around to face the opposite direction
しかし、私は間違っていた。山羊は皆犬に立ち向かってきた。
and he knew his danger too well, for he would not come near them.
well
(よく)
[副]
to a high standard; very well
犬は危険をよく知っていたので、山羊に近寄ろうとしなかった。
_N.B._--This wall being described before, I purposely omit what was said in the journal.
N.B.
(注)
[名]
nota bene
_注_--この壁については前に説明したので、日記に書いてあることはわざと省略する。
It is sufficient to observe that I was no less time than from the 3rd of January to the 14th of April working, finishing, and perfecting this wall, though it was no more than about twenty-four yards in length, being a half circle from one place in the rock to another place about eight yards from it, the door of the cave being in the centre behind it.
no less than
(少なくとも)
[副]
as much as; at least
the 3rd of January
(1月3日)
[名]
the third day of the first month of the year
the 14th of April
(4月14日)
[名]
the fourteenth day of the fourth month of the year
finish
(仕上げ)
[名]
the last part of something
perfect
(完成)
[動]
make (something) as good as possible
no more than
(ほど)
[副]
only; merely
about twenty-four yards
(約24ヤード)
[名]
a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches
one place
(1か所)
[名]
a particular location
about eight yards
(約8ヤード)
[名]
a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches
the door of the cave
(洞窟の入り口)
[名]
the entrance to a cave
in the centre
(中央)
[名]
the middle point of something
長さは約24ヤードほどで、岩の1か所から約8ヤード離れた別の場所まで半円を描き、洞窟の入り口はその背後の中央にあるのだが、この壁の作業、仕上げ、完成に1月3日から4月14日までかかったと述べるだけで十分だろう。
All this time I worked very hard, the rains hindering me many days, nay, sometimes weeks together;
work hard
(熱心に働く)
[動]
work with a lot of effort
many days
(何日も)
[名]
a large number of days
この間ずっと私はとても熱心に働いたが、雨が何日も、いや、時には何週間も私を妨害した。
but I thought I should never be perfectly secure till this wall was finished.
しかし、この壁が完成するまでは絶対に安全にはなれないだろうと思った。
And it is scarce credible what inexpressible labor everything was done with, especially the bringing piles out of the woods, and driving them into the ground;
scarce
(ほとんど)
[形]
not enough; insufficient
credible
(信じられない)
[形]
able to be believed; convincing
done
(行う)
[動]
carry out, accomplish, or finish
そして、特に森から杭を運び出し、地面に打ち込む作業は、どれほど言葉にできない労働を伴ったか、ほとんど信じられないほどだ。
for I made them much bigger than I need to have done.
bigger
(大きく)
[形]
of greater size or extent
to have done
(した)
[動]
to have performed or accomplished
というのも、私は必要以上に大きく作ったからだ。
When this wall was finished, and the outside double-fenced with a turf-wall raised up close to it, I persuaded myself that if any people were to come on shore there, they would not perceive anything like a habitation;
double-fence
(二重に囲む)
[動]
to surround or enclose with two fences
turf-wall
(芝生の壁)
[名]
a wall made of turf
persuade
(思い込む)
[動]
cause (someone) to do something by reasoning with them or giving them advice
この壁が完成し、外側を二重に囲む芝生の壁がすぐ近くに立てられた時、私はもし誰かが岸に上陸したとしても、住居のようなものは何も見えないと思い込んだ。
and it was very well I did so, as may be observed hereafter upon a very remarkable occasion.
hereafter
(後で)
[副]
from now on
very remarkable
(非常に注目すべき)
[形]
very extraordinary or exceptional
occasion
(出来事)
[名]
an event or happening
そして、そうしたのはとてもよかったことで、後で非常に注目すべき出来事があった時にわかるだろう。
During this time, I made my rounds in the woods for game every day, when the rain admitted me, and made frequent discoveries in these walks of something or other to my advantage;
during this time
(この間)
[名]
the period of time between two points in time
make one's rounds
(巡回する)
[動]
go around a place or area
woods
(森)
[名]
a large area of land covered with trees
admit
(降らない)
[動]
allow to enter
make frequent discoveries
(よく発見した)
[動]
find something new or important
these walks
(その散歩中)
[名]
the act of walking
something or other
(何かと)
[名]
one thing or another
to one's advantage
(役に立つ)
[名]
something that is helpful or beneficial
この間、雨が降らない日には毎日森を巡回して獲物を探し、その散歩中に何かと役に立つものをよく発見した。
particularly I found a kind of wild pigeons, who built, not as wood pigeons, in a tree, but rather as house pigeons, in the holes of the rocks.
pigeon
(鳩)
[名]
a bird with a plump body and short legs
build
(巣を作る)
[動]
construct by putting parts or material together over a period of time
特に、一種の野生の鳩を見つけたが、それは木に巣を作る山鳩ではなく、岩の穴に巣を作る家鳩に近かった。
And taking some young ones, I endeavored to breed them up tame, and did so;
breed
(飼い慣らす)
[動]
cause to produce offspring
tame
(飼い慣らす)
[動]
make less wild or less shy
そして、何羽か若い鳩を捕まえて、飼い慣らそうと努力し、そうした。
but when they grew older they flew all away, which, perhaps, was at first for want of feeding them, for I had nothing to give them.
grow older
(大きくなる)
[動]
become older
fly away
(飛び去る)
[動]
leave quickly
しかし、大きくなるとみんな飛び去ってしまったが、それはおそらく、最初は餌を与えられなかったからだろう、というのも、私は何も与えるものがなかったからだ。
However, I frequently found their nests, and got their young ones, which were very good meat.
nest
(巣)
[名]
a structure or place made or chosen by a bird for laying eggs and sheltering its young
get
(捕まえる)
[動]
obtain by capture or killing
しかし、私はよく巣を見つけて、若い鳩を捕まえたが、それはとてもおいしい肉だった。
And now in the managing my household affairs I found myself wanting in many things, which I thought at first it was impossible for me to make, as indeed, as to some of them, it was.
household
(家事)
[名]
the work of managing a home
find oneself
(欲しくなる)
[動]
discover or realize that one is in a particular situation
impossible
(作れない)
[形]
not possible; unable to be done
it
(それ)
[代]
the thing previously mentioned
そして今、家事を管理する中で、私は多くのものが欲しくなったが、最初は作れないと思っていたし、実際、そのうちのいくつかは作れなかった。
For instance, I could never make a cask to be hooped;
for instance
(例えば)
[副]
as an example
hoop
(箍)
[名]
a circular band of metal or wood
例えば、私は樽を箍で締めることはできなかった。
I had a small runlet or two, as I observed before, but I could never arrive to the capacity of making one by them, though I spent many weeks about it.
one or two
(1つか2つ)
[名]
a small number
capacity
(能力)
[名]
the ability to do something
前に述べたように、私は小さな樽を1つか2つ持っていたが、何週間もかけても、それらを使って樽を作る能力に達することはできなかった。
I could neither put in the heads, or joint the staves so true to one another, as to make them hold water;
joint
(接合する)
[動]
connect or fasten together
stave
(板)
[名]
a thin, narrow piece of wood that forms part of a barrel, cask, or other wooden container
true
(真っ直ぐに)
[形]
in accordance with fact or reality
hold
(保持する)
[動]
keep or retain in one's possession
私は頭を入れることも、水を保持するように板を互いに真っ直ぐに接合することもできなかった。
so I gave that also over.
だから私もそれを諦めた。
In the next place, I was at a great loss for candles;
be at a loss
(困る)
[動]
be uncertain about what to do
次に、私はろうそくがなくて困った。
so that as soon as ever it was dark, which was generally by seven o’clock, I was obliged to go to bed.
seven o'clock
(7時)
[名]
seven hours after midnight
obliged
(せざるを得ない)
[形]
required to do something by a law or rule
そのため、暗くなるとすぐに、通常は7時までには、私は寝床につかざるを得なかった。
I remembered the lump of beeswax with which I made candles in my African adventure, but I had none of that now.
remember
(思い出す)
[動]
have in or be able to bring to one's mind an awareness of
私はアフリカの冒険でろうそくを作った蜜蝋の塊を思い出したが、今は何も持っていなかった。
The only remedy I had was, that when I had killed a goat I saved the tallow, and with a little dish made of clay, which I baked in the sun, to which I added a wick of some oakum, I made me a lamp;
tallow
(獣脂)
[名]
a hard animal fat used in making candles and soap
clay
(粘土)
[名]
a sticky fine-grained earth used for making bricks, pottery, and ceramics
dish
(皿)
[名]
a flat container with raised edges that is used to hold or serve food
wick
(芯)
[名]
a strip of fiber that is soaked in a liquid fuel and burned to produce a flame
lamp
(ランプ)
[名]
a device that produces light
私が持っていた唯一の救済策は、私がヤギを殺したときに獣脂を保存し、粘土で作った小さな皿を太陽の下で焼き、それにオークムの芯を加えてランプを作ったことだった。
and this gave me light, though not a clear steady light like a candle.
light
(光)
[名]
the natural agent that stimulates sight and makes things visible
そして、これは私に光を与えたが、ろうそくのような明るく安定した光ではなかった。
In the middle of all my labors it happened, that rummaging my things, I found a little bag, which, as I hinted before, had been filled with corn for the feeding of poultry, not for this voyage, but before, as I suppose, when the ship came from Lisbon.
in the middle of
(真っ最中に)
[前]
in the central part of
thing
(持ち物)
[名]
an object that one possesses
hint
(ほのめかす)
[動]
suggest indirectly
poultry
(家禽)
[名]
a bird kept for its eggs or meat
私の労働の真っ最中に、私の持ち物をかき回していると、小さな袋を見つけた。それは前にほのめかしたように、この航海のためではなく、船がリスボンから来たとき、家禽に餌を与えるためのトウモロコシで満たされていた。
What little remainder of corn had been in the bag was all devoured with the rats, and I saw nothing in the bag but husks and dust;
remainder
(残り)
[名]
the part that is left over
husk
(殻)
[名]
the dry outer covering of some fruits or seeds
dust
(ほこり)
[名]
fine, dry powder consisting of tiny particles of earth or waste matter
袋の中に残っていたわずかなトウモロコシはすべてネズミに食べられてしまい、袋の中には殻とほこりしか見えなかった。
and being willing to have the bag for some other use, I think it was to put powder in, when I divided it for fear of the lightning, or some such use, I shook the husks of corn out of it on one side of my fortification, under the rock.
some other use
(他の用途)
[名]
a different purpose
put
(入れる)
[動]
move something into a place
lightning
(雷)
[名]
a flash of light produced by an electrical discharge in the atmosphere
そして、その袋を何か他の用途に使いたいと思い、雷を恐れて分割したときに火薬を入れたり、そのような用途に使ったりしたと思うが、私は要塞の片側の岩の下で、袋からトウモロコシの殻を振り落とした。
It was a little before the great rains, just now mentioned, that I threw this stuff away, taking no notice of anything, and not so much as remembering that I had thrown anything there;
a little before
(少し前)
[副]
a short time before
great rain
(大雨)
[名]
a lot of rain
just now
(今)
[副]
at this very moment
throw away
(捨てる)
[動]
to get rid of something
take no notice of
(気にしない)
[動]
to not pay attention to something
私がこのものを捨てたのは、今述べた大雨の少し前のことで、何も気にせず、そこに何かを捨てたことを覚えてもいなかった。
when, about a month after, or thereabout, I saw some few stalks of something green shooting out of the ground, which I fancied might be some plant I had not seen;
about a month
(一ヶ月ほど)
[名]
a period of time
some few
(何本か)
[限]
a small number of
stalk
(茎)
[名]
the main stem of a plant
green
(緑色)
[形]
of the color intermediate between blue and yellow in the visible spectrum
shoot
(出ている)
[動]
move or grow quickly or suddenly
fancy
(思う)
[動]
think or believe
plant
(植物)
[名]
a living organism of the kind exemplified by trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses
ところが、一ヶ月ほど経った頃、地面から緑色の茎が何本か出ているのを見かけ、これは見たことがない植物かもしれないと思った。
but I was surprised, and perfectly astonished, when, after a little longer time, I saw about ten or twelve ears come out, which were perfect green barley of the same kind as our European, nay, as our English barley.
a little longer time
(もう少し時間が経って)
[名]
a small amount of time
about ten or twelve
(10本か12本ほど)
[名]
an approximate number
ear
(穂)
[名]
the head of a cereal plant
come out
(出てくる)
[動]
move or travel from inside to outside
perfect
(完全な)
[形]
having all the required or desirable elements, qualities, or characteristics; as good as it is possible to be
しかし、もう少し時間が経って、10本か12本ほどの穂が出てきて、それがヨーロッパ産、いやイギリス産の大麦と同じ種類の完全な緑色の大麦であることに驚き、すっかりびっくりしてしまった。
It is impossible to express the astonishment and confusion of my thoughts on this occasion.
express
(言い表す)
[動]
to put into words
このときの私の驚きと混乱は言葉では言い表せない。
I had hitherto acted upon no religious foundation at all;
act upon
(基づいて行動する)
[動]
to act in accordance with
religious
(宗教的な)
[形]
of or relating to religion
foundation
(基盤)
[名]
the basis on which something is founded or built
私はこれまで宗教的な基盤に基づいて行動したことは全くなかった。
indeed, I had very few notions of religion in my head, or had entertained any sense of anything that had befallen me otherwise than as a chance, or, as we lightly say, what pleases God; without so much as inquiring into the end of Providence in these things, or His order in governing events in the world.
religion
(宗教)
[名]
a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe
sense
(感覚)
[名]
a faculty by which the body perceives an external stimulus; one of the faculties of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch
chance
(偶然)
[名]
the occurrence of events in the absence of any obvious intention or cause
lightly
(軽く)
[副]
to a small degree; slightly
inquire
(深く考える)
[動]
ask about; seek information about
order
(秩序)
[名]
a state in which everything is in its correct or appropriate place
govern
(支配する)
[動]
conduct the policy, actions, and affairs of (a state, organization, or people) with authority
実際、私は宗教についてほとんど知らなかったし、自分に降りかかったことを偶然や、軽く言うなら神の思し召しとしか考えていなかった。これらの事柄における摂理の目的や、世界の出来事を支配する神の秩序については、あまり深く考えていなかった。
But after I saw barley grow there, in a climate which I know was not proper for corn, and especially that I knew not how it came there, it startled me strangely, and I began to suggest that God had miraculously caused this grain to grow without any help of seed sown, and that it was so directed purely for my sustenance on that wild miserable place.
corn
(穀物)
[名]
a cereal plant
startle
(驚かせる)
[動]
cause to feel sudden shock or alarm
strangely
(奇妙に)
[副]
in a way that is unusual or unexpected
suggest
(考える)
[動]
put forward for consideration
grain
(穀物)
[名]
a small, hard, dry seed, with or without an attached hull or fruit layer, harvested for human or animal consumption
seed
(種)
[名]
a plant's unit of reproduction
sow
(蒔く)
[動]
plant (seed) by scattering it on or in the earth
direct
(導く)
[動]
control the course of; guide
purely
(純粋に)
[副]
in a pure manner
しかし、穀物には適していないと知っている気候の中で大麦が育っているのを見て、特にそれがどうやってそこに来たのかわからないので、私は奇妙に驚き、神が種を蒔かなくても奇跡的にこの穀物を育ててくれたのではないかと考え始め、この野生の悲惨な場所で私の糧となるように導かれたのではないかと考え始めた。
This touched my heart a little, and brought tears out of my eyes;
touch
(打たれる)
[動]
to move emotionally
bring
(こぼれる)
[動]
to cause to come or go to a place
これに少し心を打たれ、涙がこぼれた。
and I began to bless myself, that such a prodigy of Nature should happen upon my account;
prodigy
(奇跡)
[名]
a person with exceptional gifts or qualities
そして、私は自分を祝福し始めた。このような自然の奇跡が私の身に起こったのだ。
and this was the more strange to me, because I saw near it still, all along by the side of the rock, some other straggling stalks, which proved to be stalks of rice, and which I knew, because I had seen it grow in Africa, when I was ashore there.
岩の側に沿って、他の散らばった茎がいくつかあるのを見たので、これは私にとってさらに奇妙なことだった。それは稲の茎であることが判明し、アフリカで上陸したときに生育しているのを見ていたので、私はそれを知っていた。
I not only thought these the pure productions of Providence for my support, but, not doubting but that there was more in the place, I went all over that part of the island where I had been before, peering in every corner, and under every rock, to see for more of it;
support
(支え)
[名]
something that provides assistance to someone or something
go all over
(くまなく歩き回る)
[動]
to go everywhere in or on
corner
(隅)
[名]
the point or area where two or more sides or edges meet
私はこれらを私を支えるための神の純粋な産物だと思っただけでなく、その場所にもっとあることを疑わず、以前行った島のその部分をくまなく歩き回り、隅々まで、岩の下まで覗き込んで、もっとないかと探した。
but I could not find any.
しかし、何も見つからなかった。
At last it occurred to my thoughts that I had shook a bag of chickens’ meat out in that place, and then the wonder began to cease;
occur to
(思い出す)
[動]
come to one's mind
chicken
(鶏)
[名]
a domestic fowl kept for its eggs or meat
ついに、私はあの場所で鶏肉の袋を振り払ったことを思い出し、不思議に思う気持ちが薄れ始めた。
and I must confess, my religious thankfulness to God’s providence began to abate too, upon the discovering that all this was nothing but what was common;
thankfulness
(感謝)
[名]
the quality of being grateful
告白しなければならないが、これらすべてが普通のことだとわかったため、神の摂理に対する私の宗教的な感謝の気持ちも薄れ始めた。
though I ought to have been as thankful for so strange and unforeseen Providence, as if it had been miraculous;
ought to
(すべきである)
[助]
should
unforeseen
(予期せぬ)
[形]
not anticipated or expected
miraculous
(奇跡である)
[形]
of the nature of a miracle; marvelous
だが、私は奇跡であるかのように、この奇妙で予期せぬ摂理に感謝すべきだった。
for it was really the work of Providence as to me, that should order or appoint, that ten or twelve grains of corn should remain unsoiled (when the rats had destroyed all the rest), as if it had been dropped from heaven;
order
(定める)
[動]
to give an order to
appoint
(定める)
[動]
to choose or select for an office or position
twelve
(十二)
[名]
the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one
unsoiled
(汚れずに)
[形]
not soiled; clean
destroy
(食べてしまう)
[動]
to cause the destruction of
私にとって、それは本当に摂理の働きだった。まるで天から落ちてきたかのように、十粒か十二粒のトウモロコシが(ネズミが残りをすべて食べてしまったのに)汚れずに残るように定められていたのだ。
as also that I should throw it out in that particular place, where, it being in the shade of a high rock, it sprang out immediately;
throw out
(捨てる)
[動]
discard or get rid of
particular
(あの)
[形]
specific; precise
spring out
(芽が出る)
[動]
grow or come out quickly or suddenly
私がそれをあの場所に捨てたのは、高い岩の陰になっていて、すぐに芽が出たからだ。
whereas, if I had thrown it anywhere else at that time, it had been burnt up and destroyed.
burn
(焼ける)
[動]
be on fire
一方、もし私がその時にそれを他の場所に捨てていたら、それは焼けて破壊されていただろう。
I carefully saved the ears of this corn, you may be sure, in their season, which was about the end of June; and laying up every corn, I resolved to sow them all again, hoping in time to have some quantity sufficient to supply me with bread.
save
(保存する)
[動]
keep and store up
season
(収穫期)
[名]
a period of the year marked by special events or activities
about
(頃)
[前]
near or around
lay up
(保存する)
[動]
to store or put away for future use
sow
(種まきする)
[動]
to plant seeds in the ground
supply
(供給する)
[動]
to provide or furnish with something needed or wanted
言うまでもなく、私はこのトウモロコシの穂を、6月末頃の収穫期に注意深く保存した。そして、すべてのトウモロコシを保存して、私はそれらをすべて再び種まきしようと決心した。パンを供給するのに十分な量がやがて得られることを期待して。
But it was not till the fourth year that I could allow myself the least grain of this corn to eat, and even then but sparingly, as I shall say afterwards in its order;
not till
(まで待たなければならなかった)
[副]
not before
fourth
(四年目)
[形]
the number 4 in a series
allow
(食べられるようになる)
[動]
permit
even then
(そのときでさえ)
[副]
in spite of that
sparingly
(ごくわずかしか)
[副]
in a very limited way
in its order
(順を追って)
[副]
in the correct sequence
しかし、このトウモロコシを少しでも食べられるようになるのは四年目まで待たなければならなかったし、そのときでさえ、後で順を追って述べるように、ごくわずかしか食べられなかった。
for I lost all that I sowed the first season, by not observing the proper time;
season
(季節)
[名]
each of the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, and winter)
proper
(適切な)
[形]
suitable or right in the circumstances
というのも、適切な時期を守らなかったために、最初の季節に蒔いたものはすべて失ってしまったからだ。
for I sowed it just before the dry season, so that it never came up at all, at least not as it would have done;
dry season
(乾季)
[名]
the season of the year with the least rainfall
sow
(種を蒔く)
[動]
plant seeds
come up
(芽が出る)
[動]
appear or become visible
have done
(そうあるべきように)
[動]
have performed or completed
というのも、私は乾季の直前に種を蒔いたので、芽が出ることは全くなかったし、少なくともそうあるべきようには芽が出なかった。
of which in its place.
of which
(そのことは)
[代]
the thing that
in its place
(後で)
[副]
at a later time
そのことは、また後で述べよう。
Besides this barley, there was, as above, twenty or thirty stalks of rice, which I preserved with the same care, and whose use was of the same kind, or to the same purpose, viz., to make me bread, or rather food;
above
(前述のように)
[副]
in the text above
twenty or thirty
(二十本か三十本ほどの)
[形]
the number 20 or 30
rice
(稲)
[名]
a cereal plant
care
(注意深く)
[名]
the provision of what is necessary for the health, welfare, maintenance, and protection of someone or something
この大麦のほかに、前述のように、二十本か三十本ほどの稲の茎があり、私はそれを同じように注意深く保存し、その用途も同じ種類のもの、つまりパンや食べ物を作るという同じ目的のものだった。
for I found ways to cook it up without baking, though I did that also after some time.
cook
(調理する)
[動]
prepare (food) by heating it
bake
(焼く)
[動]
cook by dry heat without direct exposure to a flame
というのも、私は焼かずに調理する方法を見つけたからだが、しばらくしてからは焼くようにもなった。
But to return to my journal.
しかし、日記に戻ろう。
I worked excessive hard these three or four months to get my wall done;
work hard
(過酷な労働を続ける)
[動]
to work with a lot of effort
these three or four months
(この三、四ヶ月)
[名]
the period of time that is three or four months long
get something done
(何かを完成させる)
[動]
to finish doing something
私はこの三、四ヶ月、塀を完成させるために過酷な労働を続けた。
and on the 14th of April I closed it up, contriving to go into it, not by a door, but over the wall by a ladder, that there might be no sign in the outside of my habitation.
on the 14th of April
(四月十四日)
[名]
the 14th day of April
close up
(完成させる)
[動]
to finish or complete
contrive
(工夫する)
[動]
to plan or devise
go into
(中に入る)
[動]
to enter
そして四月十四日、私は塀を完成させ、住居の外側に何の痕跡も残さないように、ドアからではなく、はしごで塀を乗り越えて中に入るように工夫した。
_April 16._--I finished the ladder, so I went up with the ladder to the top, and then pulled it up after me, and let it down on the inside.
April 16
(四月十六日)
[名]
the sixteenth day of the fourth month of the year
go up
(登る)
[動]
move from a lower to a higher position
let down
(下ろす)
[動]
move something to a lower position
四月十六日。はしごを完成させたので、私ははしごをかけて上まで登り、それからはしごを上に引き上げて、内側に下ろした。
This was a complete enclosure to me;
to
(にとって)
[前]
for the benefit of
これで私は完全に囲まれた。
for within I had room enough, and nothing could come at me from without, unless it could first mount my wall.
nothing
(何物も)
[代]
not a thing; no single thing
at
(私のところに)
[前]
in the direction of; toward
mount
(乗り越える)
[動]
go up or climb up
内側には十分な空間があり、外からは何物も私のところに来ることはできなかった。塀を乗り越えなければならなかったからだ。
The very next day after this wall was finished, I had almost had all my labor overthrown at once, and myself killed.
the very next day
(まさに翌日)
[名]
the day immediately following the day in question
be finished
(完成する)
[動]
be done or completed
be overthrown
(覆される)
[動]
be overturned or overthrown
be killed
(殺される)
[動]
be caused to die
この塀が完成したまさに翌日、私はほとんどすべての労働を一度に覆され、自分自身も殺されそうになった。
The case was thus: As I was busy in the inside of it, behind my tent, just in the entrance into my cave, I was terribly frightened with a most dreadful surprising thing indeed;
case
(次第)
[名]
the situation or state of affairs
thus
(こうだった)
[副]
in this way
indeed
(実に)
[副]
really; truly
事の次第はこうだった。私が洞窟の入り口のすぐ内側、テントの後ろで忙しくしていると、実に恐ろしく驚くべきことでひどく恐ろしい思いをした。
for all on a sudden I found the earth come crumbling down from the roof of my cave, and from the edge of the hill over my head, and two of the posts I had set up in the cave cracked in a frightful manner.
all on a sudden
(突然)
[副]
very quickly and unexpectedly
come crumbling down
(崩れ落ちる)
[動]
fall apart in small pieces
roof
(天井)
[名]
the upper covering of a building or vehicle
crack
(ひび割れる)
[動]
break or cause to break without a complete separation of the parts
突然、洞窟の天井と頭上の丘の端から土が崩れ落ちてきて、洞窟に立てておいた柱の二本が恐ろしい音を立ててひび割れたのに気づいたのだ。
I was heartily scared, but thought nothing of what was really the cause, only thinking that the top of my cave was falling in, as some of it had done before;
scared
(恐ろしい)
[形]
causing fear or alarm
think nothing of
(考えもしなかった)
[動]
to not consider something to be important or worth worrying about
cause
(原因)
[名]
the person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition
fall in
(落ちてきた)
[動]
to collapse or give way
私は心底恐ろしかったが、本当の原因が何なのかは考えもしなかった。ただ、洞窟の天井が以前にもそうだったように落ちてきただけだと思った。
and for fear I should be buried in it, I ran forward to my ladder;
for fear
(恐れて)
[接]
because of fear
be buried
(埋もれる)
[動]
be covered with earth
そして、埋もれてしまうのではないかと恐れて、はしごに向かって走った。
and not thinking myself safe there neither, I got over my wall for fear of the pieces of the hill which I expected might roll down upon me.
roll down
(転がり落ちる)
[動]
to move or cause to move in a circular manner on a surface
そして、そこでも安全だとは思えず、丘の破片が転がり落ちてくるのではないかと恐れて、塀を乗り越えた。
I was no sooner stepped down upon the firm ground, but I plainly saw it was a terrible earthquake;
step down
(降り立つ)
[動]
move from a higher to a lower position
firm ground
(固い地面)
[名]
solid ground
earthquake
(地震)
[名]
a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, typically caused by movement along a fault line that runs through the Earth's crust
固い地面に降り立つとすぐに、それが恐ろしい地震であることがはっきりとわかった。
for the ground I stood on shook three times at about eight minutes’ distance, with three such shocks, as would have overturned the strongest building that could be supposed to have stood on the earth;
overturn
(ひっくり返す)
[動]
turn upside down
私が立っていた地面は、約8分間隔で3回揺れ、地球上に立っていたと思われる最も頑丈な建物もひっくり返すほどの揺れだった。
and a great piece of the top of a rock, which stood about half a mile from me next the sea, fell down with such a terrible noise, as I never heard in all my life.
about half a mile
(約半マイル)
[名]
a unit of length equal to 1.609 kilometers
next the sea
(海のそば)
[名]
the body of salt water covering most of the earth's surface and surrounding its land masses
such a terrible noise
(恐ろしい音)
[名]
a sound that is very loud or unpleasant
as I never heard in all my life
(私の人生で聞いたことがないような)
[名]
the period of time during which a person is alive
そして、私から約半マイル離れた海のそばに立っていた岩の頂上の大きな部分が、私の人生で聞いたことがないような恐ろしい音を立てて落ちてきた。
I perceived also the very sea was put into violent motion by it;
very
(そのもの)
[形]
actual; true; real
put into
(動く)
[動]
cause to be in a certain state
海そのものも激しく動いているのがわかった。
and I believe the shocks were stronger under the water than on the island.
島よりも水中の方が揺れが強かったと思う。
I was so amazed with the thing itself, having never felt the like, or discoursed with any one that had, that I was like one dead or stupefied;
be amazed with
(驚く)
[動]
feel or show surprise
thing
(出来事)
[名]
an event or action
one
(人)
[名]
a person
stupefied
(ぼうっとした)
[形]
made unable to think or feel properly
私はこの出来事そのものにとても驚き、こんなことを感じたこともなければ、こんなことを経験した人と話したこともなかったので、死んだか、ぼうっとしたようだった。
and the motion of the earth made my stomach sick, like one that was tossed at sea.
sick
(むかむか)
[形]
affected by nausea or vomiting
そして、地面の揺れは、海で揺さぶられるように、私の胃をむかむかさせた。
But the noise of the falling of the rock awaked me, as it were, and rousing me from the stupefied condition I was in, filled me with horror, and I thought of nothing then but the hill falling upon my tent and all my household goods, and burying all at once;
awake
(目を覚ます)
[動]
stop sleeping
household goods
(家財道具)
[名]
the movable personal property belonging to a person or family
しかし、岩が落ちる音で私は目を覚まし、ぼうっとした状態から覚醒し、恐怖に襲われ、その時は丘が私のテントと家財道具の上に落ちてきて、一気に埋まってしまうことしか考えられなかった。
and this sunk my very soul within me a second time.
sink
(沈める)
[動]
cause to go down below the surface of water
そして、このことが私の魂を二度目に沈めた。
After the third shock was over, and I felt no more for some time, I began to take courage;
take courage
(勇気を持ち始める)
[動]
become brave
三度目の揺れが終わり、しばらく何も感じなくなったので、私は勇気を持ち始めた。
and yet I had not heart enough to go over my wall again, for fear of being buried alive, but sat still upon the ground, greatly cast down and disconsolate, not knowing what to do.
go over
(乗り越える)
[動]
to move or travel across or over
cast down
(落ち込む)
[動]
to make someone feel sad or disappointed
disconsolate
(ひどく落ち込んでいる)
[形]
very unhappy and unable to be comforted
それでも、生き埋めになることを恐れて、再び壁を乗り越える勇気はなかったので、地面にじっと座り、何をすべきか分からず、ひどく落ち込んでいた。
All this while I had not the least serious religious thought, nothing but the common, “Lord, have mercy upon me!”
all this while
(この間)
[名]
the entire time that something has been happening
not the least
(全く〜ない)
[副]
not at all
common
(ありきたり)
[形]
happening often or regularly
have mercy upon
(憐れんでください)
[動]
show kindness or compassion
この間、私は真面目な宗教的思想を持ち合わせていなかった。「主よ、私を憐れんでください」というありきたりの言葉しかなかった。
and when it was over, that went away too.
go away
(去っていく)
[動]
to leave a place
そして、それが終わると、それも去っていった。
While I sat thus, I found the air overcast, and grow cloudy, as if it would rain.
air
(空)
[名]
the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth and forms its atmosphere
grow
(なる)
[動]
become
cloudy
(曇り)
[形]
(of the sky) filled with clouds; overcast
こうして座っていると、空が曇り、雨が降りそうになった。
Soon after that the wind rose by little and little, so that in less than half an hour it blew a most dreadful hurricane.
half an hour
(30分)
[名]
a period of time equal to 30 minutes
その後まもなく、風が少しずつ強まり、30分もしないうちに恐ろしいハリケーンとなった。
The sea was all on a sudden covered over with foam and froth;
foam
(泡)
[名]
a mass of small bubbles formed on or in liquid
海は突然泡と泡沫で覆われた。
the shore was covered with the breach of the water;
breach
(破片)
[名]
a gap in a wall, barrier, or defence
岸は水の破片で覆われた。
the trees were torn up by the roots;
tear up
(根こそぎにする)
[動]
to pull or rip something apart or to pieces
木々は根こそぎにされた。
and a terrible storm it was;
恐ろしい嵐だった。
and this held about three hours, and then began to abate;
three hours
(3時間)
[名]
a period of time equal to 180 minutes
そしてこれは約3時間続き、それから弱まり始めた。
and in two hours more it was stark calm, and began to rain very hard.
two hours
(2時間)
[名]
a period of time equal to 120 minutes
stark
(全く)
[形]
complete or extreme
そしてさらに2時間でそれは全く穏やかになり、そしてとても激しく雨が降り始めた。
All this while I sat upon the ground, very much terrified and dejected;
terrified
(恐ろしい)
[形]
feeling or showing great fear
dejected
(落胆した)
[形]
sad and disappointed
この間ずっと私は地面に座り、とても恐ろしくて落胆していた。
when on a sudden it came into my thoughts, that these winds and rain being the consequences of the earthquake, the earthquake itself was spent and over, and I might venture into my cave again.
come into one's thoughts
(思いつく)
[動]
to come to one's mind
spend
(終わる)
[動]
to pass or use (time)
venture
(足を踏み入れる)
[動]
to go somewhere or do something that is new, dangerous, or exciting
突然、この風と雨は地震の結果であり、地震そのものは終わってしまったので、私はまた洞窟に足を踏み入れることができるかもしれないと思いついた。
With this thought my spirits began to revive;
with this thought
(この考えで)
[名]
with this idea
この考えで私の気分は回復し始めた。
and the rain also helping to persuade me, I went in and sat down in my tent.
go in
(中に入る)
[動]
enter
そして雨も私を説得するのに役立ったので、私は中に入ってテントに座った。
But the rain was so violent, that my tent was ready to be beaten down with it, and I was forced to go into my cave, though very much afraid and uneasy, for fear it should fall on my head.
beat down
(打ち倒す)
[動]
knock down or defeat
fall on
(落ちてくる)
[動]
move or come down freely under the influence of gravity
しかし雨があまりに激しく、私のテントは雨で打ち倒されそうだったので、私は洞窟に入ることを余儀なくされたが、頭上に落ちてくるのではないかと非常に恐ろしくて不安だった。
This violent rain forced me to a new work, viz., to cut a hole through my new fortification, like a sink to let the water go out, which would else have drowned my cave.
cut
(開ける)
[動]
make an opening in or through
sink
(流し)
[名]
a fixed container with a water supply and a drain
let
(出す)
[動]
allow to go or come
この激しい雨は私に新しい仕事を強いた、つまり、水を外に出すための流しのような穴を新しい要塞に開けなければならなかった、さもなければ私の洞窟は水没していただろう。
After I had been in my cave some time, and found still no more shocks of the earthquake follow, I began to be more composed.
follow
(続く)
[動]
come after in time
compose
(落ち着き)
[動]
make or create
洞窟に入ってしばらく経っても地震の揺れを感じなくなったので、私は落ち着きを取り戻し始めた。
And now to support my spirits, which indeed wanted it very much, I went to my little store, and took a small sup of rum, which, however, I did then, and always very sparingly, knowing I could have no more when that was gone.
support
(支える)
[動]
give assistance to, or be in favor of
そして今、本当にとても必要だった私の精神を支えるために、私は小さな店に行き、ラム酒を少し飲んだが、しかし、私はその時も、いつもとても控えめに飲んだ、それがなくなったらもう飲めないことを知っていたからだ。
It continued raining all that night and great part of the next day, so that I could not stir abroad;
stir abroad
(外出する)
[動]
go outside
その夜は一晩中雨が降り続き、翌日もほとんど雨が降り続いたので、私は外に出ることができなかった。
but my mind being more composed, I began to think of what I had best do, concluding that if the island was subject to these earthquakes, there would be no living for me in a cave, but I must consider of building me some little hut in an open place, which I might surround with a wall, as I had done here, and so make myself secure from wild beasts or men;
compose
(落ち着く)
[動]
to make up the whole of
build
(建てる)
[動]
construct (something) by putting parts or material together over a period of time
open
(開けた)
[形]
allowing access and vision
しかし、心が落ち着いてきたので、私は何をしたらよいかを考え始め、もしこの島がこのような地震にさらされるならば、洞窟で生活することはできないだろうし、ここでやったように壁で囲んで野獣や人間から身を守ることができるような、開けた場所に小さな小屋を建てることを考えなければならないと結論を下した。
but concluded, if I stayed where I was, I should certainly, one time or other, be buried alive.
where
(場所)
[名]
the place that someone or something is in or occupies
certainly
(必ず)
[副]
without doubt; definitely
be buried alive
(生き埋めになる)
[動]
be put under the ground while still alive
しかし、もし私が今いる場所に留まれば、いつか必ず生き埋めになるだろうと結論を下した。
With these thoughts I resolved to remove my tent from the place where it stood, which was just under the hanging precipice of the hill, and which, if it should be shaken again, would certainly fall upon my tent;
with these thoughts
(こう考えた)
[句]
having these thoughts
remove
(移す)
[動]
move something from one place to another
stand
(立っている)
[動]
be in or assume a position in which you put your weight chiefly on your feet and not on your knees or other body parts
just
(真下)
[副]
exactly
hanging
(張り出した)
[形]
suspended from above
precipice
(崖)
[名]
a very steep rock face
certainly
(間違いなく)
[副]
definitely; without doubt
こう考えた私は、テントを立っている場所から移すことにした。そこは丘の張り出した崖の真下にあり、もしまた揺れれば、間違いなくテントの上に落ちてくるだろう。
and I spent the two next days, being the 19th and 20th of April, in contriving where and how to remove my habitation.
being
(である)
[動]
exist or live
April
(四月)
[名]
the fourth month of the year
contrive
(考える)
[動]
plan or devise
how
(どう)
[副]
in what way or manner
そして、私は次の二日間、四月十九日と二十日を、住居をどこにどう移すかを考えることに費やした。
In the meantime it occurred to me that it would require a vast deal of time for me to do this, and that I must be contented to run the venture where I was, till I had formed a camp for myself, and had secured it so as to remove to it.
require
(必要とする)
[動]
need for a particular purpose
venture
(冒険)
[名]
a risky or daring journey or undertaking
run
(行う)
[動]
be in charge of or manage
form
(作る)
[動]
bring into existence
camp
(キャンプ)
[名]
a place with temporary accommodations of huts, tents, or other structures, typically used by soldiers, refugees, or travelers
secure
(安全にする)
[動]
make safe; eliminate danger or risk from
そのうちに、私がこれをするには膨大な時間がかかり、自分のためのキャンプを作って、そこに移れるように安全を確保するまでは、今いる場所で冒険を続けることに満足しなければならないと思いついた。
So with this resolution I composed myself for a time, and resolved that I would go to work with all speed to build me a wall with piles and cable, etc., in a circle as before, and set my tent up in it when it was finished, but that I would venture to stay where I was till it was finished, and fit to remove to.
with this resolution
(この決意で)
[名]
with this decision
compose oneself
(落ち着く)
[動]
to calm down
for a time
(しばらく)
[名]
for a while
with all speed
(全速力で)
[名]
as fast as possible
to build
(造る)
[動]
to construct
in a circle
(円形に)
[名]
in the shape of a circle
when it was finished
(完成したら)
[名]
when it was done
to stay
(留まる)
[動]
to remain
it was finished
(完成した)
[名]
it was done
to remove
(移住する)
[動]
to move
こう決心して、私はしばらく落ち着き、前と同じように杭やケーブルなどで円形の壁を造り、完成したらテントを張るために全速力で作業に取り掛かろうと決意したが、完成して移住できるまでは、あえて今の場所に留まることにした。
This was the 21st.
21st
(21日)
[名]
the 21st day of the month
これが21日のことだった。
_April 22._--The next morning I began to consider of means to put this resolve in execution;
April 22
(4月22日)
[名]
the 22nd day of the 4th month of the year
the next morning
(翌朝)
[名]
the morning of the day after the present day
resolve
(決意)
[名]
a firm decision to do or not to do something
execution
(実行)
[名]
the carrying out or putting into effect of a plan, order, or course of action
4月22日。翌朝、私はこの決意を実行に移すための手段を考え始めた。
but I was at a great loss about my tools.
しかし、私は道具のことで大いに困った。
I had three large axes, and abundance of hatchets (for we carried the hatchets for traffic with the Indians), but with much chopping and cutting knotty hard wood, they were all full of notches and dull;
Indian
(インディアン)
[名]
a member of any of the indigenous peoples of the Americas
chop
(切る)
[動]
cut with a sharp, heavy blow
knotty
(節くれだった)
[形]
having many knots
私には大きな斧が三本と、手斧が沢山あったが(手斧はインディアンとの交易用に積んでいた)、節くれだった硬い木を沢山切ったり割ったりしたので、どれも刃こぼれして切れ味が悪くなっていた。
and though I had a grindstone, I could not turn it and grind my tools too.
grindstone
(砥石)
[名]
a round stone used for sharpening tools
turn
(回す)
[動]
cause to move around an axis or center
砥石はあったものの、それを回して道具を研ぐことはできなかった。
This cost me as much thought as a statesman would have bestowed upon a grand point of politics, or a judge upon the life and death of a man.
cost
(費やす)
[動]
require the expenditure of
statesman
(政治家)
[名]
a person who is involved in the government of a country
grand
(重大な)
[形]
of great importance or significance
politics
(政治)
[名]
the activities associated with the governance of a country or area
judge
(裁判官)
[名]
a public official who hears and decides cases in a court of law
これに私は、政治家が政治の重大問題に、あるいは裁判官が人の生死に費やすほどの思索を費やした。
At length I contrived a wheel with a string, to turn it with my foot, that I might have both my hands at liberty.
string
(紐)
[名]
a thin piece of twisted fiber
ついに私は、両手を自由に使えるように、紐をつけた車輪を足で回すように工夫した。
Note, I had never seen any such thing in England, or at least not to take notice how it was done, though since I have observed it is very common there;
take notice
(注目する)
[動]
observe attentively
be done
(行われる)
[動]
be finished or completed
注、私はイギリスでそのようなものを見たことはなかったし、少なくともそれがどのように行われているのか注目したことはなかったが、その後イギリスではそれが非常に一般的であることに気づいた。
besides that, my grindstone was very large and heavy.
その上、私の砥石はとても大きくて重かった。
This machine cost me a full week’s work to bring it to perfection.
full week
(丸一週間)
[名]
a period of seven days
この機械を完成させるのに丸一週間かかった。