This year his seat was farther back in the room, so he had a desk for his books and slate.
farther
(ずっと)
[副]
to a greater extent or degree
slate
(石板)
[名]
a fine-grained, hard, metamorphic rock that can be split into thin layers
今年は彼の席は教室のずっと後ろだったので、彼は教科書と石板を置く机があった。
And he studied hard to learn the whole arithmetic, because the sooner he knew it all, the sooner he would not have to go to school any more.
study hard
(一生懸命勉強する)
[動]
to put a lot of effort into learning
arithmetic
(算数)
[名]
the branch of mathematics that deals with the study of numbers, especially the traditional operations on them — addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
the sooner
(早く)
[副]
earlier
そして彼は算数を全部学ぶために一生懸命勉強した、なぜなら彼が全部知れば知るほど、彼は学校に行かなくてもよくなるからだ。