Chapter 1: School Days
chapter (章) [名] a main division of a book
school (学校) [名] an institution for educating children
day (日) [名] a period of time from sunrise to sunset
第1章: 学校の日々

 It was January in northern New York State, sixty-seven years ago.
January (1月) [名] the first month of the year
New York State (ニューヨーク州) [名] a state in the northeastern U.S.
sixty-seven years ago (67年前) [名] 67 years before the present time
67年前の1月、ニューヨーク州北部のことだった。
Snow lay deep everywhere.
snow (雪) [名] frozen water that falls from the sky
lie (積もる) [動] be in or assume a horizontal position
deep (深く) [形] having a great distance from top to bottom
everywhere (どこもかしこも) [副] in all places or in every part
雪がどこもかしこも深く積もっていた。
It loaded the bare limbs of oak and maples and beeches, it bent the green boughs of cedars and spruces down into the drifts.
load (積もる) [動] put a load on or in
bare (裸の) [形] not covered or clothed
limb (枝) [名] a large branch of a tree
oak (オーク) [名] a tree of the genus Quercus
maple (カエデ) [名] any of numerous trees or shrubs of the genus Acer
beech (ブナ) [名] any of several deciduous trees of the genus Fagus
bend (曲げる) [動] cause to assume a curved shape
green (緑の) [形] of the color intermediate between blue and yellow in the visible spectrum
bough (枝) [名] a large branch of a tree
cedar (杉) [名] any of several coniferous trees of the genus Cedrus
spruce (トウヒ) [名] any of several coniferous trees of the genus Picea
drift (吹きだまり) [名] a mass of snow or other material piled up by the wind
雪はオークやカエデやブナの裸の枝に積もり、杉やトウヒの緑の枝を吹きだまりに押し曲げた。
Billows of snow covered the fields and the stone fences.
billow (波) [名] a large mass of something, especially a cloud, that swells or rolls upwards
cover (覆う) [動] be or spread over the surface of
field (畑) [名] an area of open land, especially one planted with crops or pasture
stone fence (石垣) [名] a fence made of stone
雪の波が畑や石垣を覆った。

 Down a long road through the woods a little boy trudged to school, with his big brother Royal and his two sisters, Eliza Jane and Alice.
down (下って) [前] from a higher to a lower place
long (長い) [形] having a great distance from one end to the other
road (道) [名] a way on land between two places that has been paved to allow travel by transport
wood (森) [名] a large area of land covered with trees
little (小さな) [形] small in size
trudge (歩いていく) [動] walk slowly and with difficulty
big (大きい) [形] of great size or extent
brother (兄) [名] a male sibling
two (2人の) [形] one more than one
sister (姉妹) [名] a female sibling
Eliza Jane (エリザ・ジェーン) [名] a female name
Alice (アリス) [名] a female name
森の中を通る長い道を、小さな男の子が兄のロイヤルと2人の姉妹、エリザ・ジェーンとアリスと一緒に学校へと歩いていった。
Royal was thirteen years old, Eliza Jane was twelve, and Alice was ten.
Royal (ロイヤル) [名] a member of a royal family
thirteen years old (13歳) [名] a person who is thirteen years old
twelve (12歳) [名] a person who is twelve years old
ten (10歳) [名] a person who is ten years old
ロイヤルは13歳、エリザ・ジェーンは12歳、アリスは10歳だった。
Almanzo was the youngest of all, and this was his first going-to-school, because he was not quite nine years old.
Almanzo (アルマンゾ) [名] the name of a person
youngest (一番年下) [形] the least old
first (初めて) [形] coming before all others in time or order
going-to-school (登校) [名] the act of going to school
nine years old (9歳) [名] the age of a person
アルマンゾは一番年下で、まだ9歳にもなっていないので、これが初めての登校だった。

 He had to walk fast to keep up with the others, and he had to carry the dinner-pail.
keep up with (遅れを取らない) [動] maintain the same speed or standard as
dinner-pail (弁当箱) [名] a pail in which a workman carries his dinner
彼は他の人に遅れを取らないように速く歩かなければならなかったし、弁当箱も持たなければならなかった。

 “Royal ought to carry it,” he said.
ought to (べきだ) [助] should
carry (持つ) [動] hold in one's hands or arms
「ロイヤルが持てばいいのに」と彼は言った。
“He’s bigger than I be.”
than (より) [接] used to introduce the second element in a comparison
I (私) [代] the speaker or writer of the sentence
be (である) [動] to exist or live
「彼は私より大きいのに」

 Royal strode ahead, big and manly in boots, and Eliza Jane said:
stride (歩く) [動] walk with long steps
ahead (先) [副] in front of
manly (男らしい) [形] having qualities or appearance regarded as characteristic of a man
boot (ブーツ) [名] a covering for the foot and lower leg
Eliza Jane (イライザ・ジェーン) [名] a person's name
ロイヤルはブーツを履いて大きく男らしく先を歩き、イライザ・ジェーンは言った。

 “No, ‘Manzo. It’s your turn to carry it now, because you’re the littlest.”
No (いいえ) [間] a negative response
Manzo (マンゾ) [名] a name
turn (番) [名] an opportunity to do something
littlest (一番小さい) [形] the smallest
「いいえ、マンゾ。あなたが一番小さいから、今度はあなたが持つ番よ」

 Eliza Jane was bossy.
bossy (威張っている) [形] fond of giving people orders; domineering
イライザ・ジェーンは威張っていた。
She always knew what was best to do, and she made Almanzo and Alice do it.
always (いつも) [副] at all times; on all occasions
know (知っている) [動] be aware of
best (最善) [形] of the highest quality
do (する) [動] perform or execute
make (させる) [動] cause to happen or exist
彼女はいつも何をするのが最善かを知っていて、アルマンゾとアリスにそれをさせた。

 Almanzo hurried behind Royal, and Alice hurried behind Eliza Jane, in the deep paths made by bobsled runners.
hurry (急ぐ) [動] move or act quickly
behind (後ろ) [前] at the back of
path (道) [名] a way on land between two places that has been paved to make travel easier
runner (そり) [名] a person who runs
アルマンゾはロイヤルの後ろを急ぎ、アリスはイライザ・ジェーンの後ろを急いだ。
On each side the soft snow was piled high.
on each side (両側に) [副] on both sides
soft (柔らかい) [形] not hard or firm to the touch
pile (積み上げる) [動] heap up or lay in a pile
両側には柔らかい雪が積み上げられていた。
The road went down a long slope, then it crossed a little bridge and went on for a mile through the frozen woods to the schoolhouse.
go down (下りる) [動] move from a higher to a lower place
slope (坂) [名] a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than the other
cross (渡る) [動] go or move across
bridge (橋) [名] a structure making it possible to cross a river, road, or railway
go on (進む) [動] continue
mile (マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1.609 kilometers
frozen (凍った) [形] turned into ice
schoolhouse (校舎) [名] a building used as a school
道は長い坂を下り、それから小さな橋を渡り、凍った森の中を1マイルほど進んで校舎まで続いた。

 The cold nipped Almanzo’s eyelids and numbed his nose, but inside his good woolen clothes he was warm.
cold (寒さ) [名] a low temperature
nip (挟む) [動] to catch or bite with the teeth
eyelid (まぶた) [名] the upper or lower fold of skin that covers the front of the eyeball
numb (麻痺させる) [動] to make or become unable to feel anything
nose (鼻) [名] the part of the face that projects above the mouth and contains the nostrils
woolen (ウールの) [形] made of wool
warm (暖かい) [形] having or giving out heat
寒さはアルマンゾのまぶたを挟み、鼻を麻痺させたが、彼の良いウールの服の中は暖かかった。
They were all made from the wool of his father’s sheep.
be made from (作られる) [動] be manufactured from
wool (羊毛) [名] the soft, curly, or wavy hair forming the coat of a sheep or similar animal
sheep (羊) [名] an animal that is often kept for its wool or its meat
それらはすべて彼の父の羊の毛で作られていた。
His underwear was creamy white, but mother had dyed the wool for his outside clothes.
underwear (下着) [名] clothing worn under other clothes, typically next to the skin
creamy (クリーム色の) [形] having the color or consistency of cream
white (白) [名] the color of milk or fresh snow
mother (母親) [名] a woman in relation to a child or children to whom she has given birth
dye (染める) [動] change the color of something by soaking it in a liquid that contains a pigment
outside (外側) [名] the external part of something
彼の下着はクリーム色の白だったが、母親は彼の外側の服のために羊毛を染めていた。

 Butternut hulls had dyed the thread for his coat and his long trousers.
butternut (バターナット) [名] a light-brown wood of the butternut tree
hull (殻) [名] the outer covering of a fruit or seed
thread (糸) [名] a long, thin piece of cotton, nylon, or other material that is used for sewing
coat (上着) [名] a garment worn on the upper body for warmth
trousers (ズボン) [名] a garment worn on the lower half of the body and having two holes for the legs
バターナットの殻は彼の上着と長ズボンのために糸を染めていた。
Then mother had woven it, and she had soaked and shrunk the cloth into heavy, thick fullcloth.
weave (織る) [動] make (something) by interlacing strands of fabric, straw, or other material
soak (浸す) [動] make thoroughly wet
shrink (縮める) [動] become or make smaller
heavy (重い) [形] having great weight
thick (厚い) [形] having a large distance between opposite sides
fullcloth (フルクロス) [名] a type of cloth that is made by weaving together two or more layers of fabric
それから母はそれを織り、布を浸して重く厚いフルクロスに縮めた。
Not wind nor cold nor even a drenching rain could go through the good fullcloth that mother made.
wind (風) [名] a natural movement of air
rain (雨) [名] water falling in drops from the sky
go through (通り抜ける) [動] pass through
make (作る) [動] create or produce
風も寒さも、土砂降りの雨でさえ、母が作った良いフルクロスを通り抜けることはできなかった。

 For Almanzo’s waist she had dyed fine wool as red as a cherry, and she had woven a soft, thin cloth.
waist (腰) [名] the part of the human body between the ribs and the hips
fine wool (上質な羊毛) [名] wool of high quality
red (赤い) [形] of the color intermediate between orange and violet, as of blood, fire, or rubies
cherry (桜) [名] a small round fruit with a short stem, typically red or black, with a sweet flesh and a hard stone
thin (薄い) [形] having opposite surfaces or sides close together
アルマンゾの腰のために、彼女は上質な羊毛を桜のように赤く染め、柔らかく薄い布を織っていた。
It was light and warm and beautifully red.
light (軽い) [形] having little weight
beautifully (美しい) [副] in a beautiful manner
それは軽くて暖かく、美しい赤だった。

 Almanzo’s long brown pants buttoned to his red waist with a row of bright brass buttons, all around his middle.
brown (茶色) [形] of the color intermediate between red and yellow in the visible spectrum
pants (ズボン) [名] a garment covering the lower part of the body and having two holes for the legs
button (ボタン) [名] a small disk or knob sewn to a garment, either to fasten it or as an ornament
bright (明るい) [形] giving out or reflecting much light; shining
brass (真鍮) [名] a yellow alloy of copper and zinc
middle (真ん中) [名] the point or part that is equally distant from all sides, ends, or surfaces of something
アルマンゾの長い茶色のパンツは、真ん中あたりに明るい真鍮のボタンが並んでいて、赤い腰にボタンで留められていた。
The waist’s collar buttoned snugly up to his chin, and so did his long coat of brown fullcloth.
collar (襟) [名] a band of material around the neck of a garment
snugly (ぴったりと) [副] in a warm and comfortable way
chin (顎) [名] the lower part of a person's face below the mouth
coat (コート) [名] a garment worn on top of other clothes for warmth
腰の襟は彼の顎までぴったりとボタンで留められ、茶色のフルクロスの長いコートもそうだった。
Mother had made his cap of the same brown fullcloth, with cozy ear-flaps that tied under his chin.
cap (帽子) [名] a head covering with a brim and no earflaps
cozy (心地よい) [形] warm and comfortable
ear-flap (耳当て) [名] a flap of cloth that covers the ears
tie (結ぶ) [動] fasten or secure with a cord, string, or lace
母は同じ茶色のフルクロスで帽子を作り、顎の下で結ぶ心地よい耳当てを付けた。
And his red mittens were on a string that went up the sleeves of his coat and across the back of his neck.
mitten (ミトン) [名] a glove that covers the whole hand but not the fingers separately
string (紐) [名] a thin piece of cord
sleeve (袖) [名] the part of a garment that covers an arm
neck (首) [名] the part of a person's or animal's body that connects the head to the rest of the body
そして彼の赤いミトンは、コートの袖を通り、首の後ろを横切る紐につながれていた。
That was so he couldn’t lose them.
so (ないように) [接] with the intention of
lose (失う) [動] be deprived of or cease to have or retain
それは彼がそれらを失うことがないようにするためだった。

 He wore one pair of socks pulled snug over the legs of his underdrawers, and another pair outside the legs of his long brown pants, and he wore moccasins.
pair (1足) [名] two things of the same type that are used together
pull (引っ張る) [動] move something toward oneself or in the direction that one is facing
snug (ぴったり) [形] fitting closely or tightly
leg (脚) [名] one of the two lower limbs of a person or animal
underdrawers (下着) [名] underpants
another (もう1足) [形] one more; an additional
moccasin (モカシン) [名] a soft leather shoe with a sole made of leather or rubber
彼は下着の脚の上にぴったりと引っ張った靴下を1足履き、長い茶色のパンツの脚の外側にもう1足履き、モカシンを履いた。
They were exactly like the moccasins that Indians wore.
exactly (全く) [副] in every way; precisely
like (同じ) [前] similar to
Indian (インディアン) [名] a member of any of the groups of peoples living in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans
wear (履く) [動] have on one's person as clothing, adornment, or equipment
それはインディアンが履いていたモカシンと全く同じだった。

 Girls tied heavy veils over their faces when they went out in winter.
girl (女の子) [名] a young female human being
heavy (厚い) [形] having a large mass or weight
veil (ベール) [名] a piece of fine material worn by a woman to protect or conceal the face
face (顔) [名] the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear
winter (冬) [名] the season of the year that occurs when a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun during Earth's orbit
女の子たちは冬に外出する時は顔に厚いベールをかぶった。
But Almanzo was a boy, and his face was out in the frosty air.
frosty (霜の降りた) [形] covered with frost
air (空気) [名] the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth and forms its atmosphere
しかし、アルマンゾは男の子だったので、彼の顔は霜の降りた空気の中にあった。
His cheeks were red as apples and his nose was redder than a cherry, and after he had walked a mile and a half he was glad to see the schoolhouse.
cheek (頬) [名] the side of the face below the eye and between the ear and the nose
apple (リンゴ) [名] a round fruit with red, green, or yellow skin and sweet white flesh
walk (歩く) [動] move at a regular and fairly slow pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once
half (半分) [名] one of two equal or roughly equal parts
彼の頬はリンゴのように赤く、鼻はサクランボよりも赤く、1マイル半歩いた後、彼は校舎を見て喜んだ。

 It stood lonely in the frozen woods, at the foot of Hardscrabble Hill.
stand (立つ) [動] be in or assume a position in which you put your weight chiefly on your feet and not on your knees or other parts of your body
lonely (孤独に) [形] without company; solitary
woods (森) [名] a large area of land covered with trees
foot (ふもと) [名] the end of the leg on which a person or animal stands or walks
Hardscrabble Hill (ハードスクラブルヒル) [名] a hill in New York state
校舎はハードスクラブルヒルのふもとの凍った森の中に孤独に立っていた。
Smoke was rising from the chimney, and the teacher had shoveled a path through the snowdrifts to the door.
smoke (煙) [名] a cloud of particles suspended in the air
rise (立ち上る) [動] go up
chimney (煙突) [名] a vertical pipe that allows smoke to escape
teacher (先生) [名] a person who teaches
shovel (掘る) [動] move with a shovel
snowdrift (雪の吹きだまり) [名] a large mound of snow piled up by the wind
door (ドア) [名] a hinged barrier used to close an entrance to a room or building
煙突から煙が立ち上り、先生は雪の吹きだまりの中をドアまで道を掘っていた。
Five big boys were scuffling in the deep snow by the path.
five (5人) [名] the number 5
scuffle (乱闘する) [動] fight or struggle in a rough, confused way
deep (深い) [形] having a large distance from top to bottom
5人の大きな男の子が道のそばの深い雪の中で乱闘していた。

 Almanzo was frightened when he saw them.
be frightened (怖くなる) [動] become afraid or scared
アルマンゾは彼らを見て怖くなった。
Royal pretended not to be afraid, but he was.
pretend (ふりをする) [動] to act as if something is true when in fact it is not
be afraid (怖がる) [動] to be frightened or scared
ロイヤルは怖くないふりをしたが、怖かった。
They were the big boys from Hardscrabble Settlement, and everybody was afraid of them.
be afraid of (恐れる) [動] be scared of; be frightened of
彼らはハードスクラブル集落の大きな男の子たちで、誰もが彼らを恐れていた。

 They smashed little boys’ sleds, for fun.
smash (壊す) [動] break or destroy violently
sled (そり) [名] a vehicle on runners for sliding over snow or ice
fun (楽しみ) [名] light-hearted pleasure; amusement
彼らは楽しみのために小さな男の子のそりを壊した。
They’d catch a little boy and swing him by his legs, then let him go headfirst into the deep snow.
catch (捕まえる) [動] to take or keep in possession, especially after pursuit
swing (振り回す) [動] to move or cause to move back and forth or from side to side
let go (突っ込ませる) [動] to release one's hold on something
headfirst (頭から) [副] with the head foremost
彼らは小さな男の子を捕まえて、足で振り回し、それから深い雪の中に頭から突っ込ませた。
Sometimes they made two little boys fight each other, though the little boys didn’t want to fight and begged to be let off.
sometimes (時々) [副] occasionally; at times
fight (戦う) [動] take part in a violent confrontation
each other (互いに) [代] one another
though (にもかかわらず) [接] despite the fact that
want (欲しがる) [動] feel a need or a wish for
beg (請う) [動] ask for something earnestly
let off (許す) [動] allow to go free
時々彼らは2人の小さな男の子に互いに戦わせたが、小さな男の子たちは戦いたくなくて、許しを請うた。

 These big boys were sixteen or seventeen years old and they came to school only in the middle of the winter term.
sixteen (16歳) [名] the number 16
seventeen (17歳) [名] the number 17
term (学期) [名] a period of time during which a school holds classes
これらの大きな男の子たちは16歳か17歳で、冬学期の真ん中だけ学校に来た。
They came to thrash the teacher and break up the school.
come (来る) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker
thrash (打ちのめす) [動] beat or hit repeatedly and violently
break up (解散させる) [動] cause to disperse or break into pieces
彼らは先生を打ちのめして、学校を解散させるために来た。
They boasted that no teacher could finish the winter term in that school, and no teacher ever had.
boast (自慢する) [動] speak too proudly about oneself or one's achievements
finish (終える) [動] bring to an end; come to the end of
winter term (冬学期) [名] the term of a school year that runs from autumn to winter
ever (かつて) [副] at any time in the past or future; on any occasion; at all
彼らは、その学校ではどの教師も冬学期を終えることができず、どの教師も終えたことがないと自慢した。

 This year the teacher was a slim, pale young man.
this year (今年) [名] the year that is currently happening
slim (ほっそりした) [形] of small width or thickness
pale (青白い) [形] light in color or having little color
young (若い) [形] having lived or existed for only a short time
man (男性) [名] an adult male human being
今年の教師はほっそりした青白い若い男性だった。
His name was Mr. Corse.
name (名前) [名] a word or set of words using which a person is referred to
Mr. (さん) [名] a title used before a man's surname or full name
彼の名前はコルスさんだった。
He was gentle and patient, and never whipped little boys because they forgot how to spell a word.
gentle (優しい) [形] not rough or violent; mild, moderate, or slight
patient (忍耐強い) [形] able to accept or tolerate delay, problems, or suffering without becoming annoyed or anxious
whip (鞭打つ) [動] beat with a whip
forget (忘れる) [動] not be able to remember
word (単語) [名] a unit of language that native speakers can identify
彼は優しくて忍耐強く、小さな男の子たちが単語のつづりを忘れたからといって鞭打つことはなかった。
Almanzo felt sick inside when he thought how the big boys would beat Mr. Corse.
feel sick (気分が悪くなる) [動] to feel as if one is about to vomit
inside (内心) [副] in or into the interior
beat (殴る) [動] to strike repeatedly
Mr. Corse (コルスさん) [名] the teacher of the school
アルマンゾは、大きな男の子たちがコルスさんをどのように殴るかを考えると、内心気分が悪くなった。
Mr. Corse wasn’t big enough to fight them.
enough (十分) [副] to the required degree or extent
コルスさんは彼らと戦うには十分大きくなかった。

 There was a hush in the schoolhouse and you could hear the noise the big boys were making outside.
hush (静まり返る) [名] a silence or a state of silence
hear (聞こえる) [動] perceive with the ear the sound made by (someone or something)
noise (音) [名] a sound, especially one that is loud or unpleasant or that causes disturbance
make (立てる) [動] cause to be or become
校舎の中は静まり返り、大きな男の子たちが外で立てる音が聞こえた。
The other pupils stood whispering together by the big stove in the middle of the room.
other (他の) [形] the remaining one or ones
pupil (生徒) [名] a person who is enrolled in a school
whisper (ささやく) [動] speak softly
together (一緒に) [副] with or near each other
stove (ストーブ) [名] a device that produces heat for cooking or heating
他の生徒たちは部屋の真ん中にある大きなストーブのそばで一緒に立ってささやいていた。
Mr. Corse sat at his desk.
sit (座る) [動] be in a position in which your weight is supported by your buttocks rather than your feet and your upper body is more or less upright
desk (机) [名] a piece of furniture with a flat or sloped surface and typically with drawers, at which one can read, write, or do other work
コルスさんは机に座った。
One thin cheek rested on his slim hand and he was reading a book.
one (片方の) [形] being one of two or more things
thin (細い) [形] having little flesh or fat on the body
rest (のせる) [動] be supported by
slim (細い) [形] having little flesh or fat on the body
hand (手) [名] the end of the arm beyond the wrist
read (読む) [動] look at and understand the meaning of written or printed words by interpreting the characters that form them
彼は細い頬を細い手にのせて本を読んでいた。
He looked up and said pleasantly,
look up (見上げる) [動] direct one's gaze upward
say (言う) [動] express (something) in words
pleasantly (愛想よく) [副] in a pleasant manner
彼は見上げて、愛想よく言った。

 “Good morning.”
good morning (おはよう) [名] a greeting used in the morning
「おはよう」

 Royal and Eliza Jane and Alice answered him politely, but Almanzo did not say anything.
answer (答える) [動] say something in reply
politely (丁寧に) [副] in a polite manner
ロイヤルとイライザ・ジェーンとアリスは彼に丁寧に答えたが、アルマンゾは何も言わなかった。
He stood by the desk, looking at Mr. Corse.
stand by (そばに立つ) [動] be near or next to
look at (見る) [動] direct one's gaze toward
Mr. Corse (コルス氏) [名] a man
彼は机のそばに立って、コルス氏を見た。
Mr. Corse smiled at him and said,
smile (微笑む) [動] to form a smile
コルス氏は彼に微笑んで言った。

 “Do you know I’m going home with you tonight?”
go home (帰る) [動] return to one's home
tonight (今夜) [名] the night of the present day
「今夜君と一緒に帰ることを知っているかい?」
Almanzo was too troubled to answer.
be troubled (困惑する) [動] be worried or upset
アルマンゾは困惑して答えられなかった。
“Yes,” Mr. Corse said.
「そう」コルス氏は言った。
“It’s your father’s turn.”
「君のお父さんの番だ」

 Every family in the district boarded the teacher for two weeks.
every (どの) [形] each and all
family (家庭) [名] a group of people living together
district (地区) [名] an administrative division of a country
board (下宿させる) [動] to provide food and lodging for
two weeks (2週間) [名] a period of 14 days
地区のどの家庭も2週間教師を下宿させた。
He went from farm to farm till he had stayed two weeks at each one.
go from (移る) [動] move from one place to another
farm (農場) [名] an area of land and its buildings used for growing crops and rearing animals
stay (滞在する) [動] remain in a place
彼は農場から農場へと移り、それぞれに2週間滞在した。
Then he closed school for that term.
close (閉じる) [動] move a door or window so as to leave no space
それから彼はその学期の学校を閉じた。

 When he said this, Mr. Corse rapped on his desk with his ruler;
when (すると) [接] at the time that; on the occasion that
this (こう) [代] the person or thing mentioned or indicated
Mr. Corse (コルス先生) [名] a male teacher
rap (叩く) [動] strike sharply
彼がこう言うと、コルス先生は定規で机を叩いた。
it was time for school to begin.
time (時間) [名] the indefinite continued progress of existence and events in the past, present, and future regarded as a whole
begin (始まる) [動] start to happen or exist
学校が始まる時間だった。
All the boys and girls went to their seats.
go (着く) [動] move or travel from one place to another
seat (席) [名] a place where someone may sit
男の子も女の子もみんな自分の席に着いた。
The girls sat on the left side of the room and the boys sat on the right side, with the big stove and wood-box in the middle between them.
left (左) [形] on or towards the side of a person or thing that is to the west when the person or thing is facing north
right (右) [形] on or towards the side of a person or thing that is to the east when the person or thing is facing north
between (間に) [前] in the space separating two places, people, or objects
女の子たちは部屋の左側に座り、男の子たちは右側に座り、大きなストーブと木箱がその間に置かれていた。
The big ones sat in the back seats, the middle-sized ones in the middle seats, and the little ones in the front seats.
back (後ろ) [名] the rear part of something
front (前) [名] the side or part of something that faces forward or toward the direction that you are facing or traveling
大きい子は後ろの席に、中くらいの子は真ん中の席に、小さい子は前の席に座った。
All the seats were the same size.
same (同じ) [形] being the same one or ones; identical
size (大きさ) [名] the physical magnitude of something
席は全部同じ大きさだった。
The big boys could hardly get their knees under their desks, and the little boys couldn’t rest their feet on the floor.
hardly (ほとんどない) [副] almost not; barely
get (入れる) [動] receive, obtain, or acquire
knee (膝) [名] the joint between the thigh and the lower leg
floor (床) [名] the lower surface of a room or other similar compartment
大きい子は机の下に膝を入れる余裕がほとんどなく、小さい子は足を床につけることができなかった。

 Almanzo and Miles Lewis were the primer class, so they sat on the very front seat and they had no desk.
Miles Lewis (マイルズ・ルイス) [名] a character in the story
primer class (初等科) [名] the first year of primary school
front seat (前の席) [名] a seat in the front of a vehicle or room
アルマンゾとマイルズ・ルイスは初等科だったので、一番前の席に座り、机はなかった。
They had to hold up their primers in their hands.
hold up (持つ) [動] to support or keep from falling
primer (初等科の教科書) [名] a small introductory book on a subject
彼らは初等科の教科書を手に持たなければならなかった。

 Then Mr. Corse went to the window and tapped on it.
go to (行く) [動] move or travel toward
window (窓) [名] an opening in a wall or roof that allows light and air to come in
tap (叩く) [動] strike lightly
それからコルス先生は窓のところへ行き、それをコツコツと叩いた。
The big boys clattered into the entry, jeering and loudly laughing.
clatter (どかどかと入る) [動] make a loud rattling noise
entry (玄関) [名] the action of going or coming in
jeer (からかう) [動] make rude and mocking remarks
loudly (大声で) [副] at a high volume
laugh (笑う) [動] make the sounds and movements of laughter
大きい子たちは、からかい、大声で笑いながら、玄関にどかどかと入ってきた。
They burst the door open with a big noise and swaggered in.
burst open (開ける) [動] cause to come open or apart by force
big noise (大きな音) [名] a loud sound
swagger (威張りくさる) [動] walk or behave in a very confident and arrogant way
彼らは大きな音を立ててドアを開け、威張りくさって入ってきた。
Big Bill Ritchie was their leader.
Big Bill Ritchie (ビッグ・ビル・リッチー) [名] the leader of the group
leader (リーダー) [名] the person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country
ビッグ・ビル・リッチーが彼らのリーダーだった。
He was almost as big as Almanzo’s father;
almost (ほとんど) [副] very nearly
as big as (同じくらい大きい) [形] of the same size as
Almanzo's father (アルマンゾのパパ) [名] Almanzo's father
彼はほとんどアルマンゾのパパと同じくらい大きかった。
his fists were as big as Almanzo’s father’s fists.
fist (拳) [名] a hand with the fingers closed tightly into the palm, typically in order to strike a blow
father (パパ) [名] a man who has a child
彼の拳はアルマンゾのパパの拳と同じくらい大きかった。
He stamped the snow from his feet and noisily tramped to a back seat.
stamp (踏み落とす) [動] bring down (one's foot) heavily
noisily (音を立てて) [副] in a noisy way
tramp (歩いて行く) [動] walk heavily or noisily
彼は足から雪を踏み落とし、音を立てて後ろの席に歩いて行った。
The four other boys made all the noise they could, too.
four (4人の) [形] the number 4
could (できる限りの) [助] be able to
他の4人の少年たちもできる限りの音を立てた。

 Mr. Corse did not say anything.
コルス先生は何も言わなかった。

 No whispering was permitted in school, and no fidgeting.
whisper (ささやき) [名] a soft or confidential tone of voice
permit (許す) [動] allow to do something
fidget (そわそわする) [動] move or fiddle with something nervously
学校ではささやきもそわそわすることも許されなかった。
Everyone must be perfectly still and keep his eyes fixed on his lesson.
everyone (誰もが) [代] every person
must (~しなければならない) [助] be obliged to; be required to
perfectly (完全に) [副] in a perfect manner
still (静か) [形] making little or no noise
keep (固定する) [動] cause to remain in a specified state
eye (目) [名] the organ of vision
lesson (教科書) [名] a book or text used in a school or college course
誰もが完全に静かで、目を教科書に固定していなければならなかった。
Almanzo and Miles held up their primers and tried not to swing their legs.
hold up (持ち上げる) [動] raise to a higher position
primer (教科書) [名] a textbook that provides a basic introduction to a subject
swing (ぶらぶらさせる) [動] move or cause to move back and forth or from side to side
アルマンゾとマイルズは教科書を持ち上げ、足をぶらぶらさせないようにした。
Their legs grew so tired that they ached, dangling from the edge of the seat.
grow tired (疲れきる) [動] become exhausted
ache (痛む) [動] feel a dull, persistent pain
dangle (ぶら下がる) [動] hang or swing loosely
edge (端) [名] the outside limit of an object
彼らの足は疲れきって痛み、座席の端からぶら下がっていた。
Sometimes one leg would kick suddenly, before Almanzo could stop it.
one (片方) [形] being a single unit or thing
kick (蹴り出す) [動] strike or propel forcibly with the foot
suddenly (突然) [副] quickly and without warning
before (~する前に) [接] earlier than the time that
stop (止める) [動] cease doing something
時々、アルマンゾが止められないうちに片足が突然蹴り出す。
Then he tried to pretend that nothing had happened, but he could feel Mr. Corse looking at him.
nothing (何も) [代] not anything; no single thing
happen (起こる) [動] take place; occur
feel (感じる) [動] be aware of through touch or emotion
それから彼は何も起こらなかったふりをしようとしたが、コルス氏が彼を見ているのを感じることができた。

 In the back seats the big boys whispered and scuffled and slammed their books.
back seat (後ろの席) [名] a seat in the back of a vehicle
big boy (大きな男の子) [名] a boy who is large in size
slam (叩きつける) [動] shut or close with force and noise
後ろの席では、大きな男の子たちがささやき、足を踏み鳴らし、本を叩きつけた。
Mr. Corse said sternly:
コルス氏は厳しく言った。

 “A little less disturbance, please.”
a little less (もう少し) [副] to a small extent or degree
disturbance (静かに) [名] an interruption of a settled and peaceful condition
「もう少し静かにしてください」

 For a minute they were quiet, then they began again.
for a minute (しばらく) [副] for a short period of time
be quiet (静かになる) [動] make or become silent
begin (始める) [動] start to do something
しばらく彼らは静かだったが、また始めた。
They wanted Mr. Corse to try to punish them.
punish (罰する) [動] inflict a penalty or sanction on
彼らはコルス氏に罰を与えてほしかった。
When he did, all five of them would jump on him.
when (そうしたら) [接] at or during the time that
do (そうする) [動] perform an action
all (全員) [限] the whole amount of
jump on (飛びかかる) [動] attack or criticize strongly
彼がそうしたら、5人全員が彼に飛びかかるだろう。

 At last the primer class was called, and Almanzo could slide off the seat and walk with Miles to the teacher’s desk.
at last (ついに) [副] finally
be called (呼ばれる) [動] to be given a name
slide off (滑り降りる) [動] to move or cause to move smoothly and quickly
teacher's desk (教師の机) [名] a desk used by a teacher
ついに初等科が呼ばれ、アルマンゾは席から滑り降りて、マイルズと一緒に教師の机まで歩いて行くことができた。
Mr. Corse took Almanzo’s primer and gave them words to spell.
take (取る) [動] get into one's possession, power, or control
give (与える) [動] transfer the possession of something to someone
コルス氏はアルマンゾの初等科の教科書を取り、彼らに綴る言葉を与えた。

 When Royal had been in the primer class, he had often come home at night with his hand stiff and swollen.
when (頃) [接] at the time that; at or during the time that
be in (いた) [動] be present or located inside
often (よく) [副] many times; frequently
come home (帰宅する) [動] return to one's home
at night (夜に) [副] during the night
with (で) [前] having or possessing
stiff (硬く) [形] not easily bent or changed in shape
swollen (腫れて) [形] larger than normal
ロイヤルが初等科にいた頃、彼はよく夜に手が硬く腫れて帰宅していた。
The teacher had beaten the palm with a ruler because Royal did not know his lesson.
beat (叩く) [動] strike repeatedly
palm (手のひら) [名] the inner surface of the hand
ruler (定規) [名] a strip of wood, metal, or plastic with a straight edge that is used for measuring or drawing straight lines
lesson (授業) [名] a period of time during which a subject is taught
ロイヤルが授業の内容を理解していなかったため、教師は手のひらを定規で叩いたのだ。
Then Father said,
then (すると) [副] at that time; at the time in question
すると父は言った。

 “If the teacher has to thrash you again, Royal, I’ll give you a thrashing you’ll remember.”
have to (しなければならない) [助] be obliged to; must
again (また) [副] once more; another time
thrashing (殴打) [名] a severe beating
remember (覚えている) [動] have in or be able to bring to one's mind an awareness of something that has been learned and retained
「もし先生がまたあなたを殴らなければならないようなことがあったら、ロイヤル、私があなたを殴ってやる。忘れられないくらいにな」

 But Mr. Corse never beat a little boy’s hand with his ruler.
never (決して~ない) [副] not ever; on no occasion; at no time
little boy (小さな男の子) [名] a young male child
しかし、コルス先生は定規で小さな男の子の手を叩くことは決してなかった。
When Almanzo could not spell a word, Mr. Corse said,
spell (つづりを間違える) [動] write or say the letters of a word in the correct order
アルマンゾが単語のつづりを間違えると、コルス先生は言った。

 “Stay in at recess and learn it.”
stay in (残る) [動] remain in a place
recess (休み時間) [名] a short period of rest or relaxation
learn (覚える) [動] gain knowledge or skills
「休み時間に残って覚えなさい」

 At recess the girls were let out first.
first (先に) [副] before anyone or anything else
休み時間になると、女の子たちが先に外に出された。
They put on their hoods and cloaks and quietly went outdoors.
put on (着る) [動] to put clothes on oneself
hood (フード) [名] a covering for the head and neck
cloak (マント) [名] a loose outer garment
quietly (静かに) [副] making little or no noise
go outdoors (外に出かける) [動] to go outside
彼女たちはフードとマントを着て、静かに外に出た。
After fifteen minutes, Mr. Corse rapped on the window and they came in, hung their wraps in the entry, and took their books again.
fifteen minutes (15分) [名] a quarter of an hour
come in (入ってくる) [動] to enter
hang (掛ける) [動] to suspend or be suspended
wrap (上着) [名] a garment worn on the upper body
take (取り出す) [動] to get into one's possession, power, or control
15分後、コルス先生が窓を叩くと、彼女たちは中に入ってきて、玄関に上着を掛け、また本を取り出した。
Then the boys could go out for fifteen minutes.
then (それから) [副] after that; afterwards
go out (外出する) [動] leave one's house or place of work
それから男の子たちが15分間外に出ることができた。

 They rushed out shouting into the cold.
rush out (飛び出す) [動] go out quickly
shout (叫ぶ) [動] utter a loud cry
cold (寒い) [形] having a low temperature
彼らは叫びながら寒い中へ飛び出した。
The first out began snowballing the others.
snowball (雪玉) [名] a ball of snow
最初に出た子が他の子に雪玉を投げ始めた。
All that had sleds scrambled up Hardscrabble Hill;
scramble up (よじ登る) [動] climb or move quickly and awkwardly
そりを持っている子はみんなハードスクラブル・ヒルをよじ登った。
they flung themselves, stomach-down, on the sleds and swooped down the long, steep slope.
fling (飛び乗る) [動] throw or move with force or violence
stomach-down (腹ばい) [形] with the stomach facing down
swoop (滑り降りる) [動] move or descend rapidly and suddenly
steep (急な) [形] having a sharp or almost vertical slope
彼らはそりに腹ばいになって飛び乗り、長く急な坂を滑り降りた。
They upset into the snow;
upset (転倒する) [動] to knock or push over
彼らは雪の中に転倒した。
they ran and wrestled and threw snowballs and washed one another’s faces with snow, and all the time they yelled as loud as they could.
run (走り回る) [動] move at a speed faster than a walk
wrestle (取っ組み合う) [動] engage in a violent or determined struggle
throw (投げ合う) [動] propel through the air with a rapid movement of the arm and hand
wash (洗う) [動] clean with water
yell (叫ぶ) [動] cry out or speak loudly, as in pain, surprise, or anger
彼らは走り回り、取っ組み合い、雪玉を投げ合い、お互いの顔を雪で洗い、その間ずっと大声で叫び続けた。

 When Almanzo had to stay in his seat at recess, he was ashamed because he was kept in with the girls.
stay (残る) [動] remain in the same place
be ashamed (恥ずかしい) [動] feel shame or guilt
アルマンゾが休み時間に席に残らなければならなかった時、彼は女の子たちと一緒に残されたので恥ずかしかった。

 At noontime everyone was allowed to move about the schoolroom and talk quietly.
noontime (正午) [名] the middle of the day
be allowed to (許される) [動] be permitted to
move about (動き回る) [動] move from one place to another
schoolroom (教室) [名] a room in a school
talk quietly (静かに話す) [動] speak in a low voice
正午には、誰もが教室を動き回り、静かに話すことが許された。
Eliza Jane opened the dinner-pail on her desk.
open (開ける) [動] move a door or window so as to leave a space allowing access and vision
エリザ・ジェーンは机の上の弁当箱を開けた。
It held bread-and-butter and sausage, doughnuts and apples, and four delicious apple-turnovers, their plump crusts filled with melting slices of apple and spicy brown juice.
bread-and-butter (バター付きパン) [名] a slice of bread spread with butter
sausage (ソーセージ) [名] a cylindrical length of minced and seasoned meat, usually pork, in a casing
doughnut (ドーナツ) [名] a small cake of sweetened dough fried in fat, typically shaped like a ring or, if filled, a ball
delicious (おいしそうな) [形] very pleasant to the taste
apple-turnover (アップルパイ) [名] a pastry made of a sheet of puff pastry with an apple filling
plump (ふっくらとした) [形] having a full rounded shape
crust (皮) [名] the hard outer layer of something
slice (スライス) [名] a thin, broad piece of food cut from a larger portion
spicy (スパイシーな) [形] having a strong, sharp taste or smell
juice (汁) [名] the liquid obtained from or present in fruit or vegetables
中にはバター付きパンとソーセージ、ドーナツとリンゴ、そして4つのおいしそうなアップルパイが入っていた。パイのふっくらとした皮の中には、とろけるようなリンゴのスライスとスパイシーな茶色の汁が入っていた。

 After Almanzo had eaten every crumb of his turnover and licked his fingers, he took a drink of water from the pail with a dipper in it, on a bench in the corner.
eat (食べる) [動] take into the body by the mouth
crumb (かけら) [名] a small fragment of food
lick (なめる) [動] pass the tongue over
finger (指) [名] any of the five digits at the end of the hand
take (飲む) [動] drink
water (水) [名] the liquid that descends from the clouds as rain, forms streams, lakes, and seas, and is the major constituent of all living matter and that when pure is an odorless, tasteless, very slightly compress...
pail (バケツ) [名] a cylindrical container with a handle
dipper (ひしゃく) [名] a long-handled cup for dipping liquids
bench (ベンチ) [名] a long seat for several people
corner (隅) [名] the area or space where two or more sides or edges meet
アルマンゾはパイのかけらを全部食べて指をなめた後、隅のベンチにあるひしゃく付きのバケツから水を飲んだ。
Then he put on his cap and coat and mittens and went out to play.
go out (出かける) [動] to leave one's house or place of work to go somewhere else
それから帽子とコートとミトンを着て、遊びに出かけた。

 The sun was shining almost overhead.
sun (太陽) [名] the star that is the sole source of light and heat for the Earth's solar system
shine (照る) [動] be bright; be radiant
overhead (真上) [副] above one's head
太陽はほとんど真上から照っていた。
All the snow was a dazzle of sparkles, and the wood-haulers were coming down Hardscrabble Hill.
dazzle (まばゆいばかり) [動] to shine brilliantly
sparkle (輝き) [名] a small bright light
wood-hauler (木材運搬車) [名] a vehicle that transports wood
come down (下りてくる) [動] to move from a higher to a lower place
雪はすべてまばゆいばかりに輝き、木材運搬車がハードスクラブルヒルを下りてきた。
High on the bobsleds piled with logs, the men cracked their whips and shouted to their horses, and the horses shook jingles from their string of bells.
high (上) [副] at or to a high level or position
bobsled (ボブスレー) [名] a long, low sled with runners at the front and back, used for racing down a steep, ice-covered course
log (丸太) [名] a piece of a tree that has been cut down
crack (鳴らす) [動] make a sharp, explosive sound
whip (鞭) [名] a strip of leather or other flexible material used for striking animals or people
horse (馬) [名] a large, four-legged mammal that has been domesticated by humans since prehistoric times
shake (鳴らす) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side with small rapid movements
jingle (鈴の音) [名] a light, ringing sound
丸太を積み上げたボブスレーの上では、男たちが鞭を鳴らして馬に叫び、馬は鈴の音を鳴らした。

 All the boys ran shouting to fasten their sleds to the bobsleds’ runners, and boys who had not brought their sleds climbed up and rode on the loads of wood.
fasten (固定する) [動] make or become fixed or secure
climb (登る) [動] go up or down with effort
load (荷物) [名] a large quantity of something
少年たちは皆、そりをボブスレーのランナーに固定しようと叫びながら走り、そりを持ってこなかった少年たちは登って木の荷物に乗った。

 They went merrily past the schoolhouse and down the road.
go merrily (陽気に行く) [動] go in a cheerful manner
past (通り過ぎる) [前] beyond a point in time or space
彼らは陽気に校舎を通り過ぎて道を下って行った。
Snowballs were flying thick.
fly (飛ぶ) [動] move through the air with wings or a winged structure
雪玉が厚く飛んでいた。
Up on the loads the boys wrestled, pushing each other off into the deep drifts.
up on (上で) [前] on top of
push (押し合う) [動] exert force on (someone or something) in order to move them away from oneself or from the origin of the force
荷物の上で少年たちは格闘し、深い雪の吹きだまりの中へ互いに押し合った。
Almanzo and Miles rode shouting on Miles’ sled.
Miles (マイルズ) [名] Almanzo's friend
ride (乗る) [動] be carried or supported by
アルマンゾとマイルズはマイルズのそりに乗って叫びながら走った。

 It did not seem a minute since they left the schoolhouse.
seem (思われる) [動] appear to be
minute (分) [名] a unit of time equal to 60 seconds
leave (出る) [動] go away from
校舎を出てから1分も経っていないようだった。
But it took much longer to go back.
take (かかる) [動] require
much (もっと) [副] to a great extent or degree
longer (長い) [形] having a great or greater than average length
go back (帰る) [動] return to a place
しかし、帰りにはもっと時間がかかった。
First they walked, then they trotted, then they ran, panting.
trot (小走りする) [動] run at a speed between a walk and a run
pant (息を切らす) [動] breathe with short, quick gasps
最初は歩き、それから小走りになり、そして息を切らしながら走った。
They were afraid they’d be late.
be afraid (心配する) [動] be worried or anxious
be late (遅れる) [動] arrive or happen after the usual or expected time
彼らは遅れるのではないかと心配した。
Then they knew they were late.
そして、遅刻したことが分かった。
Mr. Corse would whip them all.
whip (鞭で打つ) [動] strike with a whip
all (みんな) [代] everyone
コルス先生はみんなを鞭で打つだろう。

 The schoolhouse stood silent.
silent (静まり返る) [形] making no sound
校舎は静まり返っていた。
They did not want to go in, but they had to.
want (したい) [動] wish or desire
go in (入る) [動] move or travel into
彼らは入りたくなかったが、入らなければならなかった。
They stole in quietly.
steal in (忍び込む) [動] enter a place quietly and secretly
quietly (そっと) [副] in a quiet manner
彼らはそっと忍び込んだ。
Mr. Corse sat at his desk and all the girls were in their places, pretending to study.
place (席) [名] a particular position, point, or area in space
コルス先生は机に座り、女の子たちはみんな自分の席にいて、勉強しているふりをしていた。
On the boys’ side of the room, every seat was empty.
on the boys' side (男の子側) [名] the side of the room where the boys sit
every seat (どの席も) [名] all of the seats
empty (空) [形] having nothing inside
部屋の男の子側では、どの席も空だった。

 Almanzo crept to his seat in the dreadful silence.
creep (忍び寄る) [動] move slowly and carefully, especially in order to avoid being seen or heard
アルマンゾは恐ろしい沈黙の中で自分の席に忍び寄った。
He held up his primer and tried not to breathe so loud.
primer (入門書) [名] a book that provides a basic introduction to a subject
breathe (息をする) [動] take air into and expel it from the lungs
loud (大きな音) [形] producing or capable of producing much noise
彼は入門書を持ち上げ、あまり大きな音を立てないように息を吸い込もうとした。
Mr. Corse did not say anything.
コルス先生は何も言わなかった。

 Bill Ritchie and the other big boys didn’t care.
Bill Ritchie (ビル・リッチー) [名] a boy
care (気にする) [動] feel concern or interest
ビル・リッチーや他の大きな男の子たちは気にしなかった。
They made all the noise they could, going to their seats.
make noise (音を立てる) [動] produce a sound
彼らは席に着くまでにできる限りの音を立てた。
Mr. Corse waited until they were quiet.
wait (待つ) [動] stay where one is or delay action until a particular time or until something else happens
コルス先生は彼らが静かになるまで待った。
Then he said:
それから彼は言った。

 “I will overlook your tardiness this one time.
overlook (見逃す) [動] fail to notice or consider
tardiness (遅刻) [名] the quality or state of being late
「今回は遅刻を見逃してあげよう。
But do not let it happen again.”
let (起こす) [動] allow to happen
だが、二度と起こさないように。」

 Everybody knew the big boys would be tardy again.
everybody (誰もが) [代] every person
boy (男の子たち) [名] a male child or young man
be tardy (遅刻する) [動] be late
誰もが、大きな男の子たちがまた遅刻するだろうと知っていた。
Mr. Corse could not punish them because they could thrash him, and that was what they meant to do.
thrash (打ち負かす) [動] defeat thoroughly
mean to do (やろうとする) [動] intend to do
コルス先生は彼らを罰することができなかった。なぜなら、彼らは彼を打ち負かすことができたからだ。そして、それが彼らがやろうとしていたことだった。