[English-Japanese Annotation Book]

Gulliver's Travels

ガリバー旅行記

by Jonathan Swift

sections=4, paragraphs=626, sentences=4015

words=98637, characters=538557, annotations=11227

Contents

1. A VOYAGE TO LILLIPUT

2. A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG

3. A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBARBI, LUGGNAGG, GLUBBDUBDRIB, AND JAPAN

4. A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS

License

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This book was automatically generated by extracting sentences from the original text and applying machine translation for each sentence. Therefore, translation quality should not be considered to be the same level as translation by human. Annotations were also generated automatically with an AI model.

A VOYAGE TO LILLIPUT

voyage (旅) [名] a long journey by sea

Lilliput (リリパット) [名] a fictional land inhabited by tiny people

リリパットへの旅

CHAPTER I

chapter (章) [名] a main division of a book

第一章

THE AUTHOR GIVES SOME ACCOUNT OF HIMSELF AND FAMILY—HIS FIRST INDUCEMENTS TO TRAVEL—HE IS SHIPWRECKED, AND SWIMS FOR HIS LIFE—GETS SAFE ON SHORE IN THE COUNTRY OF LILLIPUT—IS MADE A PRISONER, AND CARRIED UP THE COUNTRY.

give some account of (少し語る) [動] give a description of

family (家族) [名] a group of people who are related to each other

first (初めて) [形] coming before all others in time or order

inducement (動機) [名] a thing that persuades or influences someone to do something

shipwreck (難破) [名] the destruction of a ship at sea

swim (泳ぐ) [動] move through water by using one's limbs

life (命) [名] the condition that distinguishes animals and plants from inorganic matter, including the capacity for growth, reproduction, functional activity, and continual change preceding death

get safe (無事に着く) [動] arrive safely

shore (岸) [名] the land along the edge of a large area of water

country (国) [名] a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory

make a prisoner (捕虜にする) [動] take or keep as a prisoner

carry up (連行する) [動] take someone somewhere by force

著者は自分と家族について少し語るー彼が初めて旅行を決意した動機ー彼は難破し、命がけで泳ぐーリリパットの国で無事に岸にたどり着くー捕虜にされ、国に連行される。

My father had a small estate in Nottinghamshire; I was the third of five sons.

father (父) [名] a man who has a child

have (持つ) [動] own or possess

small (小さな) [形] of a size that is less than average

estate (地所) [名] a large piece of land with a large house on it

Nottinghamshire (ノッティンガムシャー) [名] a county in England

third (3番目) [名] the ordinal number of three

five (5人の) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

son (息子) [名] a male child

私の父はノッティンガムシャーに小さな地所を持っていた。私は5人の息子の3番目だった。

He sent me to Emanuel College in Cambridge, at fourteen years old, where I resided three years, and applied myself close to my studies;

send (送る) [動] cause to go or be taken to a destination; arrange for the delivery of

Emanuel College (エマニュエル・カレッジ) [名] a constituent college of the University of Cambridge

Cambridge (ケンブリッジ) [名] a city in eastern England

fourteen years old (14歳) [名] the age of a person who has lived for fourteen years

reside (住む) [動] live in a particular place permanently, especially as a legal resident

three years (3年間) [名] a period of three years

apply oneself (励む) [動] work hard or concentrate

study (勉学) [名] the devotion of time and attention to gaining knowledge especially by means of books

彼は私を14歳の時にケンブリッジのエマニュエル・カレッジに送り、そこで私は3年間住み、勉学に励んだ。

but the charge of maintaining me, although I had a very scanty allowance, being too great for a narrow fortune, I was bound apprentice to Mr. James Bates, an eminent surgeon in London, with whom I continued four years;

charge (費用) [名] the price asked for something

maintain (維持する) [動] keep in good condition

allowance (手当) [名] a sum of money paid regularly to a person

fortune (財産) [名] a large amount of money or property

bound (弟子入りする) [動] go or travel toward

apprentice (弟子) [名] a person who is learning a trade from a skilled employer

eminent (著名な) [形] famous and respected within a particular sphere

surgeon (外科医) [名] a doctor who performs surgery

continue (過ごす) [動] remain in a place or condition

しかし、私の生活費は、非常にわずかな手当しかなかったにもかかわらず、狭い財産には大きすぎたため、私はロンドンの著名な外科医であるジェームズ・ベイツ氏に弟子入りし、4年間彼のもとで過ごした。

and my father now and then sending me small sums of money, I laid them out in learning navigation, and other parts of the mathematics, useful to those who intend to travel, as I always believed it would be, some time or other, my fortune to do.

now and then (時々) [副] occasionally

small sum (小額) [名] a small amount of money

money (金) [名] a current medium of exchange in the form of coins and banknotes

lay out (使う) [動] spend

navigation (航海術) [名] the process or activity of accurately ascertaining one's position and planning and following a route

mathematics (数学) [名] the study of the measurement, properties, and relationships of quantities and sets, using numbers and symbols

useful (役に立つ) [形] being of use or service

intend (志す) [動] have as one's purpose or intention

travel (旅) [名] the action of going from one place to another

always (いつも) [副] on all occasions; at all times; invariably

believe (信じる) [動] accept that (something) is true, especially without proof

some time or other (いつか) [副] at some unspecified or unknown time in the future

fortune (幸運) [名] chance or luck as an external, arbitrary force affecting human affairs

父が時々小額の金を送ってくれたので、私はそれを航海術や数学の他の部分を学ぶために使いました。いつか旅に出られるといつも信じていたので、旅を志す人には役に立つものでした。

When I left Mr. Bates, I went down to my father;

leave (去る) [動] go away from

go down (行く) [動] move from a higher to a lower place

ベイツ氏のもとを去ると、私は父のもとへ行った。

where, by the assistance of him and my uncle John, and some other relations, I got forty pounds, and a promise of thirty pounds a year to maintain me at Leyden;

assistance (助け) [名] the action of helping someone by sharing work or providing money, information, or other resources

uncle (おじ) [名] the brother of one's father or mother

relation (親戚) [名] a person who is connected with another by blood or marriage

forty pounds (40ポンド) [名] a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces or 7000 grains

thirty pounds (30ポンド) [名] a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces or 7000 grains

year (年) [名] the period of time that the earth takes to make one complete orbit of the sun

maintain (生活する) [動] to continue or keep in existence

Leyden (ライデン) [名] a city in the Netherlands

そこで父とジョンおじ、そして他の親戚の助けを借りて、私は40ポンドを手に入れ、ライデンで生活するために年間30ポンドを支給するという約束を取り付けた。

there I studied physic two years and seven months, knowing it would be useful in long voyages.

there (そこで) [副] in or at that place

study (勉強する) [動] read and understand something

physic (物理学) [名] the science of matter and energy and their interactions

two years and seven months (2年7ヶ月) [名] a period of time

know (知る) [動] be aware of

be useful (役立つ) [動] be of practical use

long voyage (長い航海) [名] a journey by sea

そこで私は長い航海に役立つだろうと知って、2年7ヶ月間物理学を勉強した。

Soon after my return from Leyden, I was recommended by my good master, Mr. Bates, to be surgeon to the Swallow, Captain Abraham Pannell, commander;

soon (間もなく) [副] in a short time

return (帰国) [名] the act of coming back to a place

recommend (推薦される) [動] suggest as being suitable for a purpose or role

master (主人) [名] a man who has people working for him, especially servants or slaves

Bates (ベイツ) [名] a surname

Swallow (スワロー号) [名] a type of bird

Abraham Pannell (アブラハム・パネル) [名] a male given name

commander (船長) [名] the person in charge of a ship

ライデンから帰国して間もなく、私は親切な主人のベイツ氏から、アブラハム・パネル船長が指揮するスワロー号の外科医に推薦された。

with whom I continued three years and a half, making a voyage or two into the Levant, and some other parts.

continue (勤務する) [動] to keep on doing something

three years and a half (3年半) [名] a period of time

make a voyage (航海する) [動] to travel by sea

Levant (レヴァント) [名] the countries of the eastern Mediterranean

some other parts (他の地域) [名] other places

私はそこで3年半勤務し、レヴァントや他の地域への航海を1、2回行った。

When I came back I resolved to settle in London; to which Mr. Bates, my master, encouraged me, and by him I was recommended to several patients.

come back (帰国する) [動] return to a place

resolve (決心する) [動] make a firm decision about

settle (住む) [動] establish oneself in a place

London (ロンドン) [名] the capital city of England

Mr. Bates (ベイツ氏) [名] a man

encourage (励ます) [動] give support, courage, or hope to

帰国した私はロンドンに住もうと決心し、主人のベイツ氏に励まされ、何人かの患者を紹介してもらった。

I took part of a small house in the Old-Jury; and being advised to alter my condition, I married Mistress Mary Burton, second daughter to Mr. Edmund Burton, hosier, in Newgate Street, with whom I received four hundred pounds for a portion.

take part in (参加する) [動] be involved in

small house (小さな家) [名] a house that is not big

Old-Jury (オールド・ジュリー) [名] a street in London

alter (変える) [動] make or become different

condition (生活) [名] the state of something

marry (結婚する) [動] get in a relationship with someone

Mistress Mary Burton (メアリー・バートンさん) [名] a woman

second daughter (次女) [名] the second child of a family

Mr. Edmund Burton (エドモンド・バートン氏) [名] a man

hosier (靴下屋) [名] a person who makes or sells socks

Newgate Street (ニューゲート街) [名] a street in London

receive (受け取る) [動] be given, presented with, or paid something

four hundred pounds (400ポンド) [名] a sum of money

portion (持参金) [名] a part of a whole

私はオールド・ジュリーにある小さな家の一部を借り、生活を変えるように勧められて、ニューゲート街の靴下屋エドモンド・バートン氏の次女メアリー・バートンさんと結婚し、持参金として400ポンドを受け取った。

But my good master Bates dying two years after, and I having few friends, my business began to fail;

die (亡くなる) [動] stop living

two years (2年) [名] a period of time equal to 24 months

friend (友人) [名] a person whom one knows and with whom one has a bond of mutual affection

business (商売) [名] a person's regular occupation, profession, or trade

begin (始まる) [動] start to happen or exist

しかし、2年後に親切な主人のベイツ氏が亡くなり、友人も少なかったため、私の商売は失敗に終わり始めた。

for my conscience would not suffer me to imitate the bad practice of too many among my brethren.

conscience (良心) [名] a person's moral sense of right and wrong

suffer (許す) [動] allow or permit

imitate (倣う) [動] follow as a model

bad (悪しき) [形] of poor quality or a low standard

practice (慣行) [名] a habitual or customary action or way of doing something

私の良心は、同業者の多くが行っている悪しき慣行に倣うことを許さなかった。

Having, therefore, consulted with my wife and some of my acquaintance, I determined to go again to sea.

consult with (相談する) [動] talk to someone about a problem or a decision

wife (妻) [名] a married woman

acquaintance (知人) [名] a person one knows slightly

determine (決める) [動] decide firmly on a course of action

go to sea (海に出る) [動] start a voyage

そこで、妻や知人と相談して、再び海に出ることにした。

I was surgeon successively in two ships, and made several voyages, for six years, to the East and West Indies, by which I got some addition to my fortune.

successively (相次いで) [副] one after another

ship (船) [名] a large vessel for traveling on water

make (行う) [動] perform or carry out

voyage (航海) [名] a journey by sea

six years (六年間) [名] a period of six years

East and West Indies (東西インド諸島) [名] the islands of the Caribbean Sea and the surrounding coasts

私は二隻の船で外科医を務め、六年間に東西インド諸島への航海を数回行い、それによって財産を増やした。

My hours of leisure I spent in reading the best authors, ancient and modern, being always provided with a good number of books;

hour (時間) [名] a period of time equal to 60 minutes

leisure (暇) [名] time free from the demands of work or duty

spend (費やす) [動] pay out (money)

best (優れた) [形] of the highest quality

author (作家) [名] a person who writes books

ancient (古代) [形] belonging to the very distant past

modern (現代) [形] of or relating to the present or recent times

provide (用意する) [動] make available for use; supply

book (本) [名] a written or printed work consisting of pages bound together between two covers

暇な時間は、いつもたくさんの本を用意して、古今東西の優れた作家の作品を読むことに費やした。

and when I was ashore, in observing the manners and dispositions of the people, as well as learning their language, wherein I had a great facility, by the strength of my memory.

ashore (陸に) [副] on or to the shore

observe (観察する) [動] notice or perceive

manner (風習) [名] a way of doing something

disposition (気質) [名] a person's inherent qualities of mind and character

language (言葉) [名] the system of communication used by a particular community or country

memory (記憶力) [名] the retention of information over time

陸に上がったときには、人々の風習や気質を観察したり、記憶力が強いので、言葉を覚えたりした。

The last of these voyages not proving very fortunate, I grew weary of the sea, and intended to stay at home with my wife and family.

last (最後) [形] coming after all others in time or order

prove (判明する) [動] to be found to be; turn out to be

fortunate (幸運な) [形] having or bringing good luck

grow weary (飽きる) [動] become tired of

sea (海) [名] a large expanse of salt water covering most of the earth's surface and surrounding its land masses

intend (つもりである) [動] have in mind as a purpose or plan

stay (いる) [動] remain in a place

home (家) [名] the place where one lives permanently, especially as a member of a family or household

最後の航海はあまり運がよくなかったので、私は海に飽きてしまい、妻や家族と一緒に家にいるつもりだった。

I removed from the Old-Jury to Fetter Lane, and from thence to Wapping, hoping to get business among the sailors, but it would not turn to account.

remove (移る) [動] move from one place to another

Fetter Lane (フェッター・レーン) [名] a street in London

thence (そこから) [副] from that place

Wapping (ワッピング) [名] a district in London

sailor (船員) [名] a person who works on a ship

turn to account (うまくいく) [動] to be successful or profitable

私はオールド・ジュリーからフェッター・レーンへ、そこからワッピングへと移り、船員たちの間で商売をしようとしたが、うまくいかなかった。

After three years’ expectation that things would mend, I accepted an advantageous offer from Captain William Prichard, master of the Antelope, who was making a voyage to the South Sea.

expectation (期待) [名] a strong belief that something will happen or be the case

mend (改善する) [動] improve or repair

accept (受け入れる) [動] receive (something offered) willingly

advantageous (有利な) [形] favourable; to one's benefit

offer (申し出) [名] an expression of readiness to do or give something if desired

Captain William Prichard (ウィリアム・プリチャード船長) [名] a captain of a ship

master (船長) [名] the person in charge of a ship

Antelope (アンテロープ) [名] a type of animal

South Sea (南海) [名] the sea to the south of a country or region

3年間、状況が改善するのを期待した後、私は南海への航海に出ていたアンテロープの船長、ウィリアム・プリチャード船長からの有利な申し出を受け入れた。

We set sail from Bristol, May 4, 1699, and our voyage at first was very prosperous.

set sail (出航する) [動] start a journey by water

Bristol (ブリストル) [名] a city in southwestern England

May 4, 1699 (1699年5月4日) [名] a date

at first (最初は) [副] in the beginning; initially

prosperous (順調な) [形] successful or flourishing

私たちは1699年5月4日にブリストルから出航し、最初は順調に航海していた。

It would not be proper, for some reasons, to trouble the reader with the particulars of our adventures in those seas;

some reason (いくつかの理由) [名] a reason that is not specified

trouble (迷惑をかける) [動] cause distress or difficulty to

reader (読者) [名] someone who reads

particular (詳細) [名] an individual fact or item

adventure (冒険) [名] an unusual and exciting, typically hazardous, experience or activity

いくつかの理由で、これらの海での冒険の詳細を読者に迷惑をかけるのは適切ではないだろう。

let it suffice to inform him, that in our passage from thence to the East Indies, we were driven by a violent storm to the northwest of Van Diemen’s Land.

let (~させる) [動] allow or permit

suffice (十分である) [動] be enough or adequate

inform (知らせる) [動] give (someone) facts or information

passage (航路) [名] a journey by sea

East Indies (東インド諸島) [名] the islands of Southeast Asia

violent (激しい) [形] using or involving physical force intended to hurt or kill

storm (嵐) [名] a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong winds and usually rain, snow, or hail

drive (追いやる) [動] cause to move or be moved in a specified way

northwest (北西) [名] the direction midway between north and west

Van Diemen's Land (ヴァン・ディーメンズ・ランド) [名] the former name of Tasmania

そこから東インド諸島への航路で、私たちは激しい嵐に遭い、ヴァン・ディーメンズ・ランドの北西に追いやられたことをお知らせするだけで十分だろう。

By an observation, we found ourselves in the latitude of 30 degrees 2 minutes south.

by (によって) [前] near or next to

observation (観測) [名] the act of observing something

find (わかる) [動] discover or notice

latitude (緯度) [名] the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of the equator of a celestial object, usually expressed in degrees and minutes

観測によると、私たちは南緯30度2分の緯度にいることがわかった。

Twelve of our crew were dead by immoderate labor and ill food: the rest were in a very weak condition.

twelve (12人) [名] the number 12

crew (乗組員) [名] the people who work on a ship, aircraft, etc.

dead (死亡) [形] no longer alive

immoderate (過度の) [形] excessive

labor (労働) [名] work, especially hard physical work

ill (粗末な) [形] bad or poor in quality

food (食事) [名] what people or animals eat

rest (残り) [名] the remaining part

weak (衰弱した) [形] lacking the power to perform; lacking in force or effectiveness

乗組員のうち12人が過労と粗末な食事のために死亡し、残りは非常に衰弱した状態だった。

On the 5th of November, which was the beginning of summer in those parts, the weather being very hazy, the seamen spied a rock within half a cable’s length of the ship, but the wind was so strong that we were driven directly upon it, and immediately split.

on the 5th of November (11月5日) [名] a day in the month of November

the beginning of summer (夏の始まり) [名] the start of the summer season

the weather being very hazy (天候が非常にかすんでいて) [名] the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place

seaman (船員) [名] a person who works on a ship

spy (発見する) [動] catch sight of

rock (岩) [名] a large mass of stone, especially one projecting out of the ground or water

within half a cable’s length (半ケーブルの距離にある) [名] a unit of length equal to one tenth of a nautical mile

wind (風) [名] a natural movement of air

strong (強い) [形] having the power to perform well or to a high standard

directly (直接) [副] without changing direction or stopping

split (割れる) [動] break or cause to break without a complete separation of the parts

11月5日、その地方では夏の始まりだったのだが、天候が非常にかすんでいて、船員たちは船から半ケーブルの距離にある岩を発見したが、風が強すぎて船は岩に直接乗り上げ、すぐに船体が割れてしまった。

Six of the crew, of whom I was one, having let down the boat into the sea, made a shift to get clear of the ship and the rock.

six (6人) [名] the number 6

let down (降ろす) [動] move something to a lower position

boat (ボート) [名] a small vessel for transport by water

make a shift (離れようとした) [動] change from one thing to another

私を含む乗組員6人は、ボートを海に降ろして、船と岩から離れようとした。

We rowed, by my computation, about three leagues, till we were able to work no longer, being already spent with labor while we were in the ship.

row (漕ぐ) [動] propel a boat by means of oars

computation (計算) [名] the action of calculating

league (リーグ) [名] a unit of length varying from about 2.4 to 4.8 miles

work (働く) [動] be engaged in physical or mental activity in order to achieve a purpose of result

私の計算では、船に乗っている間にすでに労働で疲れ果てていたので、私たちはもはや働けなくなるまで、約3リーグ漕いだ。

We therefore trusted ourselves to the mercy of the waves, and in about half an hour the boat was overset by a sudden flurry from the north.

trust (任せる) [動] have confidence in the reliability, truth, or ability of

mercy (慈悲) [名] compassion or forgiveness shown toward someone whom it is within one's power to punish or harm

wave (波) [名] a wall of water that moves towards the shore

about (約) [副] approximately

half an hour (30分) [名] a period of time equal to thirty minutes

overset (転覆する) [動] turn upside down

sudden (突然の) [形] happening or done quickly and without warning or preparation

flurry (突風) [名] a short period of commotion or excitement

north (北) [名] the direction that is to the left of a person facing east

そのため、私たちは波の慈悲に身を任せ、約30分後には北からの突然の突風でボートが転覆した。

What became of my companions in the boat, as well as of those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel, I cannot tell, but conclude they were all lost.

companion (仲間) [名] a person who accompanies another

vessel (船) [名] a ship or large boat

tell (わかる) [動] be able to say for certain

conclude (結論づける) [動] reach a decision or form an opinion about something

ボートに乗っていた仲間や、岩に逃げた仲間、船に残された仲間がどうなったのかはわからないが、全員が亡くなったと結論づけている。

For my own part, I swam as fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide.

for my own part (私自身は) [副] as far as I am concerned

fortune (運命) [名] the chance happening of fortunate or adverse events

direct (導く) [動] control the course of; guide

tide (潮) [名] the alternate rising and falling of the sea

私自身は、運命に導かれるままに泳ぎ、風と潮に押されて前進した。

I often let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom, but when I was almost gone, and able to struggle no longer, I found myself within my depth;

let (落とす) [動] allow to fall

leg (足) [名] one of the two lower limbs of a human being

feel (感じる) [動] be aware of (something) through touch

bottom (底) [名] the lowest part of something

almost (ほとんど) [副] very nearly

gone (死にかける) [動] be no longer present

struggle (もがく) [動] make forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction

depth (深さ) [名] the distance from the top to the bottom of something

私はよく足を落としてみたが、底を感じることができなかったが、私がほとんど死にかけて、もはやもがくことができなくなったとき、私は自分の深さの中にいることに気づいた。

and by this time the storm was much abated.

by this time (この頃には) [副] at this time; now

abate (おさまる) [動] become less intense or severe

そして、この頃には嵐はかなりおさまっていた。

The declivity was so small, that I walked near a mile before I got to the shore, which I conjectured was about eight o’clock in the evening.

declivity (傾斜) [名] a downward slope

mile (マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1.609344 kilometers

eight o'clock (8時) [名] the time that is eight hours after midnight or noon

evening (夕方) [名] the period of a day from the end of the afternoon to the beginning of night

傾斜がとても小さかったので、岸に着くまでに1マイル近く歩いたが、夕方の8時頃だったと思う。

I then advanced forward near half a mile, but could not discover any sign of houses or inhabitants;

advance (前進する) [動] move forward

half a mile (半マイル) [名] 0.5 miles

discover (発見する) [動] find out or notice something for the first time

sign (兆候) [名] an object, quality, or event whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something else

house (家) [名] a place where people live permanently, especially as a member of a family or household

inhabitant (住人) [名] a person who lives in a particular place

それから私は半マイル近く前進したが、家や住人の兆候を発見することができなかった。

at least I was in so weak a condition that I did not observe them.

at least (少なくとも) [副] not less than; as much as

少なくとも私はとても弱い状態だったので、それらを観察しなかった。

I was extremely tired, and with that, and the heat of the weather, and about half a pint of brandy that I drank as I left the ship, I found myself much inclined to sleep.

extremely (とても) [副] to a very great degree

tired (疲れた) [形] in need of rest or sleep

with that (それに加えて) [副] in addition to that

heat (暑さ) [名] the quality or state of being hot

half (半分) [名] one of two equal parts that together form a whole

pint (パイント) [名] a unit of liquid volume equal to 16 fluid ounces

brandy (ブランデー) [名] a strong alcoholic drink made from distilled wine or fermented fruit juice

as (ときに) [接] at the time that; when

私はとても疲れていたし、それに加えて暑さや、船を出るときに飲んだブランデーの半パイントほどで、とても眠くなった。

I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, where I slept sounder than ever I remember to have done in my life, and, as I reckoned, about nine hours;

lay down (横たわる) [動] to put oneself in a resting position

grass (草) [名] a plant with narrow leaves growing from the base

short (短い) [形] having little length

soft (柔らかい) [形] not hard or firm to the touch

sleep (眠る) [動] to rest with the eyes closed

sound (ぐっすり) [形] deep and undisturbed

life (人生) [名] the period of time a person is alive

reckon (計算する) [動] to count or calculate

私はとても短くて柔らかい草の上に横たわり、人生でこれまでに経験したことのないほどぐっすりと眠り、私の計算では約9時間眠った。

for when I awakened, it was just daylight.

for (なぜなら) [接] because

when (時) [接] at the time that

awaken (目覚める) [動] stop sleeping

just (ちょうど) [副] exactly

daylight (夜が明ける) [名] the light of day

私が目覚めた時、ちょうど夜が明けたところだった。

I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir;

attempt (試みる) [動] make an effort to do something

rise (起き上がる) [動] get up from a lying, sitting, or kneeling position

stir (動く) [動] change position, posture, or place

私は起き上がろうとしたが、動くことができなかった。

for, as I happened to lie on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground;

happen to (たまたま) [動] occur by chance

lie on one's back (仰向けに寝る) [動] be in a position in which the back is on the ground

arm (腕) [名] an upper limb

leg (脚) [名] a lower limb

strongly (強く) [副] with great force or intensity

fasten (固定する) [動] attach or join securely

たまたま仰向けに寝ていた私は、両腕と両脚が両側で地面に強く固定されていることに気づいた。

and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner.

long (長い) [形] having a great distance or duration

thick (太い) [形] having a large diameter or circumference

hair (髪) [名] a threadlike structure that grows from the skin of humans and other mammals

tie down (縛る) [動] fasten or secure with a rope or cord

長くて太い髪も同じように縛られていた。

I likewise felt several slender ligatures across my body, from my arm-pits to my thighs.

likewise (同様に) [副] in a similar manner

several (何本もの) [形] more than two but not many

slender (細い) [形] having a small width

ligature (紐) [名] a thing used for tying or binding something

across (巻かれている) [前] from one side to the other of

body (体) [名] the physical structure, including the bones, flesh and organs, of a person or an animal

arm-pit (脇の下) [名] the hollow under the arm at the shoulder

thigh (太もも) [名] the part of the leg between the hip and the knee

同様に、脇の下から太ももまで、体に何本もの細い紐が巻かれているのを感じた。

I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my eyes.

look upwards (上を向く) [動] turn one's gaze upwards

sun (日差し) [名] the star that is the sole source of light and heat for the Earth's solar system

grow hot (熱くなる) [動] become hot

light (光) [名] the natural agent that stimulates sight and makes things visible

offend (痛い) [動] cause to feel upset, annoyed, or resentful

私は上を向くことしかできなかった。日差しが熱くなり始め、光が目に痛かった。

I heard a confused noise about me;

hear (聞こえる) [動] perceive with the ear the sound made by (someone or something)

confused (混乱した) [形] being perplexed or disconcerted

noise (音) [名] a sound, especially one that is loud or unpleasant or that causes disturbance

私の周りで混乱した音が聞こえた。

but in the posture I lay, could see nothing except the sky.

posture (姿勢) [名] the position in which someone holds their body

lay (横たわる) [動] be in or move into a horizontal position

see (見える) [動] perceive with the eyes

nothing (何も) [代] not anything; no single thing

except (以外) [前] not including; other than

sky (空) [名] the region of the atmosphere and outer space seen from the earth

しかし、私が横たわっている姿勢では、空以外何も見えなかった。

In a little time, I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin;

a little time (しばらく) [名] a short period of time

left leg (左足) [名] the leg on the left side of the body

breast (胸) [名] the front of the human body between the neck and the abdomen

chin (あご) [名] the lower part of the face below the mouth

しばらくすると、左足に何か生きているものが動いているのを感じ、それが胸の上をゆっくりと前進して、あごの近くまで来た。

when, bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and an arrow in his hands and a quiver at his back.

bend (曲げる) [動] to cause to assume a curved or angular shape

eye (目) [名] the organ of vision

downwards (下の方) [副] toward a lower place or position

as much as (できるだけ) [副] to the greatest extent or degree possible

perceive (分かる) [動] to become aware of something through the senses

human (人間) [名] a human being

creature (生き物) [名] a living being

six inches (6インチ) [名] a unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot

high (高い) [形] of great vertical extent

hand (手) [名] the end of the arm beyond the wrist

bow (弓) [名] a weapon made of a curved piece of wood or plastic with a string stretched between its ends

arrow (矢) [名] a slender, pointed shaft with a feathered end that is shot from a bow

back (背中) [名] the part of the human body between the neck and the top of the legs

できるだけ下の方を見てみると、それは身長が6インチもない人間で、手には弓と矢を持ち、背中には矢筒を背負っていた。

In the meantime I felt at least forty more of the same kind (as I conjectured) following the first.

in the meantime (その間に) [副] during the intervening period of time

forty (40) [数] the cardinal number that is the product of four and ten

more (以上) [形] greater in amount or degree

the same (同じ) [形] being the same one

kind (種類) [名] a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic

conjecture (推測) [動] form an opinion or supposition about (something) without having all the facts; guess

その間に、私は少なくとも40人以上の同じ種類の(と私は推測した)人間が最初の人間に続くのを感じた。

I was in the utmost astonishment, and roared so loud that they all ran back in a fright, and some of them, as I was afterwards told, were hurt by the falls they got by leaping from my sides upon the ground.

utmost (この上ない) [形] of the highest degree or amount

astonishment (驚き) [名] a feeling of great surprise or wonder

roar (わめく) [動] to make a loud, deep sound

loud (大声で) [形] having a high volume or intensity

fright (恐怖) [名] a sudden intense feeling of fear

some (何人か) [限] an unspecified number or amount of

afterwards (後で) [副] at a later time; subsequently

tell (聞く) [動] to communicate information to

leap (飛び降りる) [動] to jump or spring a long way

ground (地面) [名] the solid surface of the earth

私はこの上なく驚き、大声でわめいたので、彼らは皆恐怖で逃げ帰り、後で聞いた話では、何人かは私の脇から地面に飛び降りた際に転んで怪我をしたという。

However, they soon returned, and one of them who ventured so far as to get a full sight of my face, lifting up his hands and eyes by way of admiration, cried out in a shrill but distinct voice, _Hekinah degul!_

however (しかし) [副] nevertheless; on the other hand

return (戻る) [動] go or come back to a place

one (一人) [名] the lowest cardinal number

venture (近づく) [動] go somewhere or do something that may be dangerous or unpleasant

so far as to (まで) [副] to the extent or degree that

get a full sight of (はっきりと見る) [動] see something clearly

face (顔) [名] the front of a person's head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

lift up (上げる) [動] raise something to a higher position

admiration (感嘆) [名] a feeling of respect and approval

cry out (叫ぶ) [動] say something loudly, usually because of pain, surprise, or anger

shrill (甲高い) [形] high-pitched and piercing

distinct (はっきりとした) [形] easily perceived or understood

voice (声) [名] the sound produced in a person's larynx and uttered through the mouth, as speech or song

Hekinah degul (ヘキナ・デグル) [名] a phrase in the Lilliputian language meaning "the great man mountain"

しかし、彼らはすぐに戻ってきて、そのうちの一人は私の顔をはっきりと見ようと近づき、感嘆のあまり両手と目を上げ、甲高く、しかしはっきりとした声で「ヘキナ・デグル!」と叫んだ。

The others repeated the same words several times, but I then knew not what it meant.

other (他の者) [名] the remaining one or ones of a group of people or things

repeat (繰り返す) [動] say or do something again

same (同じ) [形] being the same one or ones

word (言葉) [名] a unit of language that native speakers can identify

他の者も同じ言葉を何度か繰り返したが、私はその意味を知らなかった。

I lay all this while, as the reader may believe, in great uneasiness;

all this while (この間ずっと) [名] the entire time

as the reader may believe (読者もご存じの通り) [副] as the reader may know

in great uneasiness (不安な気持ちで) [副] in a state of anxiety or worry

読者もご存じの通り、私はこの間ずっと不安な気持ちで横になっていた。

at length, struggling to get loose, I had the fortune to break the strings, and wrench out the pegs that fastened my left arm to the ground, for, by lifting it up to my face, I discovered the methods they had taken to bind me, and at the same time with a violent pull, which gave me excessive pain, I a little loosened the strings that tied down my hair on the left side, so that I was just able to turn my head about two inches.

at length (やがて) [副] after a long time

loose (解放される) [形] not held or tied together, or not held or fastened firmly

break (切る) [動] separate into two or more pieces, as by impact or force

string (紐) [名] a thin length of fiber twisted together

wrench (引き抜く) [動] pull or twist suddenly and violently

peg (杭) [名] a short, pointed piece of wood, metal, or plastic used to fasten things together or to mark a position

lift (持ち上げる) [動] raise to a higher position

discover (わかる) [動] find out or notice

method (方法) [名] a particular procedure for accomplishing or approaching something, especially a systematic or established one

take (取る) [動] get into one's possession, power, or control

bind (縛る) [動] tie or fasten together

time (時) [名] the indefinite continued progress of existence and events in the past, present, and future regarded as a whole

pull (引っ張り) [名] the action or an act of pulling

give (与える) [動] cause to have or receive

excessive (過度な) [形] more than is usual or proper

pain (痛み) [名] a highly unpleasant physical sensation caused by illness or injury

little (少し) [形] small in size, amount, or degree

loosen (緩める) [動] make or become less tight or firm

tie (縛る) [動] fasten or secure with a cord, string, or the like

left (左) [形] on or toward the side of a person or thing that is to the west when the person or thing is facing north

side (側) [名] a position to the left or right of an object, place, or central point

turn (回す) [動] move or cause to move in a circular motion

head (頭) [名] the upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck, and containing the brain, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth

two (2) [数] one more than one

inch (インチ) [名] a unit of linear measure equal to 1/12 of a foot

やがて、解放されようともがいているうちに、幸運にも紐を切って、左腕を地面に固定していた杭を引き抜くことができ、顔の前に持ち上げてみると、彼らが私を縛った方法がわかったと同時に、激しい痛みを伴う激しい引っ張りによって、左側の髪を縛っていた紐を少し緩め、頭を2インチほど回すことができるようになった。

But the creatures ran off a second time, before I could seize them;

run off (逃走する) [動] leave quickly and secretly

second (二度目) [形] coming after the first in time or place or degree or importance

seize (捕まえる) [動] take hold of suddenly and forcibly

しかし、私が捕まえようとする前に、その生き物たちは二度目の逃走を図った。

whereupon there was a great shout in a very shrill accent, and after it had ceased I heard one of them cry aloud, _Tolgo phonac_; when in an instant I felt above a hundred arrows discharged on my left hand, which pricked me like so many needles;

whereupon (すると) [接] as a result of which; after which

there was (あった) [動] exist

great (大) [形] of major significance or importance

shout (叫び) [名] a loud cry or yell

very (非常に) [副] to a high degree; extremely

accent (アクセント) [名] a distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language

after (後) [前] later or following (the event mentioned)

it had ceased (それが止んだ) [動] come to an end; stop

I heard (聞いた) [動] perceive with the ear the sound made by (someone or something)

of them (そのうちの) [前] belonging to or connected with the people or things previously mentioned

cry (叫ぶ) [動] utter a loud, piercing sound or series of sounds

aloud (大声で) [副] audibly; not silently

Tolgo phonac (トルゴ・フォナック) [名] a phrase in an unknown language

when (すると) [接] at or during the time that

in an instant (一瞬のうちに) [副] immediately; at once

I felt (感じた) [動] be aware of (something) through touch

above (以上) [前] at a higher level or position than

hundred (百) [名] the number equivalent to the product of ten and ten

arrows (矢) [名] a shaft with a pointed head at one end and often flights at the other, designed to be shot from a bow

discharged (放たれ) [動] cause to flow out or away

on (に) [前] in contact with and supported by (a surface)

my (私の) [限] belonging to or connected with the speaker

which (それが) [代] used referring to a thing previously mentioned or easily identified

pricked (刺さった) [動] pierce slightly with a sharp point

me (私に) [代] the speaker or writer

like (ように) [前] having the same characteristics or qualities as; similar to

so many (たくさんの) [限] a large number of

needles (針) [名] a very thin, sharp piece of metal with a point at one end and a hole for thread at the other

すると、非常に甲高い声で大声で叫び、それが止んだ後、そのうちの一人が「トルゴ・フォナック」と大声で叫ぶのが聞こえた。すると、一瞬のうちに百本以上の矢が左手に放たれ、針のように刺さった。

and besides they shot another flight into the air, as we do bombs in Europe, whereof many, I suppose, fell on my body (though I felt them not) and some on my face, which I immediately covered with my left hand.

besides (その上) [副] in addition to; as well as

shoot (放つ) [動] to cause to move or be propelled rapidly and forcefully

flight (矢) [名] the act or manner of flying

air (空中) [名] the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth

bomb (爆弾) [名] an explosive device

Europe (ヨーロッパ) [名] a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere

fall (落ちる) [動] move downward, as through the force of gravity

cover (覆う) [動] to be or provide a covering for

その上、彼らはヨーロッパで爆弾を投下するように、空中にもう一度矢を放った。その多くは私の体に落ち、いくつかは私の顔に落ちたと思うが、私はすぐに左手で顔を覆った。

When this shower of arrows was over, I fell a-groaning with grief and pain, and then striving again to get loose, they discharged another volley larger than the first, and some of them attempted with spears to stick me in the sides;

shower (雨) [名] a brief period of rain

be over (終わる) [動] to be finished or completed

grief (悲しみ) [名] a deep feeling of sadness

strive (もがく) [動] to make great efforts to achieve or obtain something

discharge (行う) [動] to release or emit something

volley (一斉射撃) [名] a number of bullets or other projectiles fired at the same time

stick (突き刺す) [動] to push a sharp or pointed object into or through something

この矢の雨が終わったとき、私は悲しみと痛みでうめき声を上げ、再び解放されようともがくと、彼らは最初のものよりも大きな別の一斉射撃を行い、そのうちの何人かは槍で私の脇腹を突き刺そうとした。

but by good luck I had on me a buff jerkin, which they could not pierce.

by good luck (幸運なことに) [副] fortunately

have on (着ている) [動] be wearing

buff (黄褐色の) [形] of a light yellowish-brown colour

jerkin (革の胴着) [名] a sleeveless jacket

pierce (突き刺す) [動] make a hole in

しかし、幸運なことに私は彼らが突き刺すことができない黄褐色の革の胴着を着ていた。

I thought it the most prudent method to lie still, and my design was to continue so till night, when, my left hand being already loose, I could easily free myself: and as for the inhabitants, I had reason to believe I might be a match for the greatest army they could bring against me, if they were all of the same size with him that I saw.

lie still (じっと横になる) [動] to be in a resting position and not move

prudent (賢明な) [形] acting with or showing care for the consequences of an action; careful

design (つもり) [名] a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is made

continue (続ける) [動] to carry on doing something

night (夜) [名] the period of darkness in each twenty-four hours

easily (簡単に) [副] without difficulty or effort

free (解放する) [動] release from captivity, confinement, or slavery

inhabitant (住民) [名] a person or animal that lives in or occupies a place

reason (理由) [名] a cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event

match (対抗) [名] a contest in which people or teams compete against each other

bring (送り込む) [動] to cause to come to a place

army (軍隊) [名] an organized military force equipped for fighting on land

size (大きさ) [名] the relative extent of something; a thing's overall dimensions or magnitude

私はじっと横になっているのが一番賢明な方法だと思い、夜までそう続けるつもりだった。左手はすでに自由になっているので、簡単に自分を解放できる。住民については、もし彼らが皆私が見たのと同じ大きさなら、彼らが私に対して送り込んでくる最大の軍隊にも対抗できると信じる理由があった。

But fortune disposed otherwise of me.

dispose (導く) [動] cause to be in a certain state or condition

otherwise (別の方向) [副] in a different way

しかし、運命は私を別の方向に導いた。

When the people observed I was quiet, they discharged no more arrows;

quiet (静か) [形] making little or no noise

discharge (放つ) [動] shoot or fire

私が静かになっているのを見ると、彼らはそれ以上矢を放たなかった。

but, by the noise I heard, I knew their numbers increased;

increase (増える) [動] become or make greater in size, amount, intensity, or degree

しかし、聞こえてくる音から、彼らの数が増えていることがわかった。

and about four yards from me, over against my right ear, I heard a knocking for above an hour, like that of people at work;

about four yards (約4ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches

right ear (右耳) [名] the ear on the right side of the head

above an hour (1時間以上) [名] more than one hour

people (人々) [名] human beings in general or considered collectively

そして、私から約4ヤード、右耳の向こうで、人々が働いているような音が1時間以上も聞こえた。

when turning my head that way, as well as the pegs and strings would permit me, I saw a stage erected about a foot and a half from the ground, capable of holding four of the inhabitants, with two or three ladders to mount it: whence one of them, who seemed to be a person of quality, made me a long speech, whereof I understood not a syllable.

turn one's head (頭を向ける) [動] to look in a different direction

as well as (許す限り) [接] in addition to; also

permit (許す) [動] to allow to do something

foot (フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

erect (建てる) [動] to construct or build

stage (台) [名] a raised platform on which actors, entertainers, or speakers perform

hold (乗る) [動] to keep or maintain in a specified state, position, or course

ladder (はしご) [名] a device with a series of bars or steps between two upright lengths of wood, metal, or rope, used for climbing up or down

mount (取り付ける) [動] to attach or fasten to something

whence (そこから) [副] from what place or source

seem (思われる) [動] to appear to be

quality (身分) [名] the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind; the degree of excellence of something

make (する) [動] to cause to happen or exist

speech (演説) [名] a formal address or talk delivered to an audience

understand (理解する) [動] to perceive the intended meaning of words, language, or a speaker

syllable (一言) [名] a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word

頭をその方に向けると、杭と紐が許す限り、地面から約1フィート半の高さに建てられた台があり、そこには住民4人が乗れ、2,3のはしごが取り付けられていた。そこから、身分の高い人と思われる一人が私に向かって長い演説をしたが、私は一言も理解できなかった。

But I should have mentioned, that before the principal person began his oration, he cried out three times, _Langro dehul san_ (these words and the former were afterwards repeated and explained to me).

before (前に) [前] earlier than

principal (主な) [形] most important

person (人物) [名] a human being regarded as an individual

begin (始める) [動] start to do something

oration (演説) [名] a formal public speech

three (三) [数] the number 3

these (これらの) [限] the ones mentioned

former (前) [形] having previously filled a particular role or been a particular thing

afterwards (後に) [副] later; subsequently

explain (説明する) [動] make (something) clear or easy to understand

しかし、その主な人物が演説を始める前に、彼は三回「ラングロ・デフル・サン」と叫んだことを述べておくべきだろう(これらの言葉と前の言葉は後で繰り返され、私に説明された)。

Whereupon, immediately about fifty of the inhabitants came and cut the string that fastened the left side of my head, which gave me the liberty of turning it to the right, and of observing the person and gesture of him that was to speak.

immediately (すぐに) [副] without delay or hesitation

about fifty (約50) [名] approximately 50

come (やってくる) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker

cut (切る) [動] penetrate with a sharp-edged tool

left side (左側) [名] the side of a person or thing that is to the left when facing the object or when the object is moving forward

liberty (自由) [名] the state of being free from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views

right (右) [名] the side of a person or thing that is to the right when facing the object or when the object is moving forward

gesture (身振り) [名] a movement of part of the body, especially a hand or the head, to express an idea or meaning

すると、すぐに約50人の住民がやってきて、私の頭の左側を固定していた紐を切った。それで私は頭を右に回して、話す人の姿や身振りを観察することができた。

He appeared to be of middle age, and taller than any of the other three who attended him, whereof one was a page that held up his train, and seemed to be somewhat longer than my middle finger;

middle age (中年) [名] the period of life from about 45 to about 65

taller (背が高い) [形] of more than average height

attend (付き添う) [動] go regularly to an institution for education

page (小姓) [名] a boy who is training to be a knight

hold up (持ち上げる) [動] raise to a higher position

train (衣の裾) [名] the trailing part of a long garment

seem (ようである) [動] appear to be; give the impression of being

彼は中年のようで、付き添いの他の3人よりも背が高かった。そのうちの1人は彼の衣の裾を持ち上げている小姓で、私の中指より少し長いようだった。

the other two stood one on each side to support him.

two (2人) [名] the number 2

stand (立つ) [動] be in or assume a position in which you put your weight chiefly on your feet and not on your knees or other body parts

each (両側) [形] every one of two or more people or things

support (支える) [動] give assistance to, especially financially

他の2人は彼を支えるために両側に立っていた。

He acted every part of an orator, and I could observe many periods of threatenings, and others of promises, pity, and kindness.

act (演じる) [動] play the part of

orator (演説者) [名] a person who makes speeches

period (文句) [名] a set of sentences that forms a unit

threatening (脅迫) [名] a statement that someone will be hurt or punished if the person does not do as demanded

promise (約束) [名] a declaration or assurance that one will do a particular thing or that a particular thing will happen

pity (哀れみ) [名] a feeling of sorrow and compassion caused by the suffering and misfortunes of others

kindness (親切) [名] the quality of being friendly, generous, and considerate

彼は演説者のあらゆる役を演じ、私は脅迫の文句や、約束、哀れみ、親切の文句をたくさん聞くことができた。

I answered in a few words, but in the most submissive manner, lifting up my left hand and both my eyes to the sun, as calling him for a witness;

answer (答える) [動] say or write something in reply

a few words (短い言葉) [名] a small number of words

submissive (従順な) [形] willing to obey others unquestioningly

left hand (左手) [名] the hand on the left side of the body

both eyes (両目) [名] the two eyes

witness (証人) [名] a person who sees an event take place

私は左手を上げ、両目を太陽に向けて、証人を求めるように、短い言葉で答えたが、最も従順な態度で答えた。

and being almost famished with hunger, not having eaten a morsel for some hours before I left the ship, I found the demands of nature so strong upon me that I could not forbear showing my impatience (perhaps against the strict rules of decency), by putting my finger frequently to my mouth, to signify that I wanted food.

be almost famished with hunger (飢え死にそうである) [動] be extremely hungry

not having eaten a morsel for some hours (数時間も食べ物を口にせず) [動] not having eaten anything for a long time

find the demands of nature so strong upon me (自然の要求があまりに強く) [動] feel a strong need to do something

could not forbear showing my impatience (焦りを見せずにはいられなかった) [動] could not stop myself from showing my impatience

put my finger frequently to my mouth (指を頻繁に口に入れて) [動] put my finger in my mouth many times

signify that I wanted food (食べ物が欲しいことを示すために) [動] show that I wanted food

そして、船を離れる前に数時間も食べ物を口にせず、ほとんど飢え死にそうだったので、私は自然の要求があまりに強く、食べ物が欲しいことを示すために、指を頻繁に口に入れて、(おそらく厳格な礼儀作法に反して)焦りを見せずにはいられなかった。

The _hurgo_ (for so they call a great lord, as I afterwards learned) understood me very well.

hurgo (_hurgo_) [名] a great lord

for so (そう) [副] to that extent; so much

call (呼ぶ) [動] give a name to

lord (領主) [名] a person who has authority over others

_hurgo_(後で知ったのだが、彼らは偉大な領主をそう呼ぶ)は私の言うことをよく理解していた。

He descended from the stage, and commanded that several ladders should be applied to my sides, on which about a hundred of the inhabitants mounted, and walked towards my mouth, laden with baskets full of meat, which had been provided and sent thither by the king’s orders, upon the first intelligence he received of me.

descend (降りる) [動] move or go down

command (命じる) [動] give an authoritative order

apply (掛ける) [動] put into operation or use

side (脇) [名] the part of a person's or animal's body on or below the upper arm, next to the ribs

mount (登る) [動] go up

walk (歩く) [動] move at a regular and fairly slow pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

towards (に向かって) [前] in the direction of

mouth (口) [名] the opening and cavity in the lower part of the human face, surrounded by the lips, through which food is taken in and vocal sounds are emitted

laden (担ぐ) [動] be loaded with

basket (籠) [名] a container made from wood, straw, or other flexible material with an open top, used to carry things

full (いっぱい) [形] holding or containing as much or as many as possible

meat (肉) [名] the flesh of an animal or bird that is eaten as food

thither (そこに) [副] to that place

intelligence (知らせ) [名] the collection of information of military or political value

king (王) [名] the male ruler of an independent state, especially one who inherits the position by birth

彼は演壇から降りて、私の脇にいくつかの梯子を掛けるように命じ、そこに百人ほどの住民が登り、私の口に向かって歩いてきたが、彼らは肉をいっぱい詰めた籠を担いでいたが、それは王が私のことを知った最初の知らせを受けて、王の命令で用意され、そこに送られたものだった。

I observed there was the flesh of several animals, but could not distinguish them by the taste.

flesh (肉) [名] the soft substance of the body of a person or an animal

animal (動物) [名] a living organism of the kingdom Animalia

distinguish (区別する) [動] recognize as different

そこにはいろいろな動物の肉があることに気づいたが、味では区別できなかった。

There were shoulders, legs and loins, shaped like those of mutton, and very well dressed, but smaller than the wings of a lark.

shoulder (肩) [名] the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

loin (腰肉) [名] the part of the body on both sides of the spine between the lowest ribs and the hip bones

mutton (羊肉) [名] the flesh of a sheep

shape (形) [名] the external form, contours, or outline of someone or something

well (よく) [副] in a good or satisfactory manner

dress (調理する) [動] prepare food for eating

羊肉のような形をした肩、脚、腰肉があり、とてもよく調理されていたが、ヒバリの羽よりも小さかった。

I ate them by two or three at a mouthful, and took three loaves at a time about the bigness of musketballs.

eat (食べる) [動] take into the body as food

two or three (二、三) [名] a small number

mouthful (一口) [名] the amount of food or liquid that a person can comfortably take into their mouth at one time

take (食べる) [動] eat or drink

loaf (パン) [名] a quantity of bread that is shaped and baked in one piece

musketball (マスケット銃の弾丸) [名] a lead ball used as a projectile in a musket

私はそれらを一度に二、三個ずつ食べ、マスケット銃の弾丸ほどの大きさのパンを一度に三つ食べた。

They supplied me as fast as they could, showing a thousand marks of wonder and astonishment at my bulk and appetite.

supply (供給する) [動] provide or furnish with

fast (早く) [副] at high speed

wonder (驚き) [名] a feeling of surprise mingled with admiration, caused by something beautiful, unexpected, unfamiliar, or inexplicable

bulk (大きさ) [名] the main or greater part of something

appetite (食欲) [名] a natural desire to satisfy a bodily need, especially for food

彼らは私の体の大きさと食欲に驚きと驚愕の表情を浮かべながら、できるだけ早く私に食事を供給した。

I then made another sign that I wanted drink.

make a sign (合図をする) [動] to make a gesture or movement that conveys a meaning

want (欲しい) [動] feel a need or a wish for

それから私は飲み物が欲しいという別の合図をした。

They found by my eating that a small quantity would not suffice me;

eating (食べっぷり) [名] the way or manner in which one eats

small quantity (少量) [名] a small amount

彼らは私の食べっぷりから、少量では私には足りないことを悟った。

and being a most ingenious people, they slung up, with great dexterity, one of their largest hogsheads, then rolled it towards my hand, and beat out the top;

ingenious (独創的な) [形] having or showing an unusual aptitude for discovering, inventing, or contriving

dexterity (器用に) [名] skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands

large (大きい) [形] of considerable or relatively great size, extent, or capacity

hogshead (樽) [名] a large cask

roll (転がす) [動] move or cause to move in a circular fashion

beat (打ち抜く) [動] strike (someone or something) repeatedly and violently

そして、とても独創的な人々なので、彼らは非常に器用に、一番大きな樽を吊り上げ、それを私の手元まで転がして、上部を打ち抜いた。

I drank it off at a draught, which I might well do, for it did not hold half a pint, and tasted like a small wine of Burgundy, but much more delicious.

drink off (飲み干す) [動] drink all of something

draught (一気) [名] a large drink of liquid

half a pint (半パイント) [名] a unit of liquid volume equal to 8 fluid ounces

Burgundy (ブルゴーニュ) [名] a region in east-central France

delicious (おいしい) [形] very pleasant to the taste

私はそれを一気に飲み干したが、それは半パイントも入っておらず、ブルゴーニュの軽いワインのような味がしたが、もっとおいしかった。

They brought me a second hogshead, which I drank in the same manner, and made signs for more: but they had none to give me.

bring (持ってくる) [動] cause to come or go to a place

drink (飲む) [動] take into the mouth and swallow

make signs (合図する) [動] communicate with gestures

more (もっと) [形] a greater or additional amount or degree

彼らは二つ目の樽を持ってきてくれたが、私は同じように飲み干し、もっと欲しいと合図したが、彼らは私に与える樽をもう持っていなかった。

When I had performed these wonders they shouted for joy, and danced upon my breast, repeating several times as they did at first, _Hekinah degul_.

perform (行う) [動] carry out, accomplish, or fulfill

wonder (奇跡) [名] a cause of astonishment or admiration

shout (叫ぶ) [動] utter a loud cry

joy (喜び) [名] a feeling of great pleasure or happiness

dance (踊る) [動] move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps

私がこれらの奇跡を行った時、彼らは喜びの声を上げ、私の胸の上で踊り、最初にやったように何度も「ヘキナ・デグル」と繰り返した。

They made me a sign that I should throw down the two hogsheads, but first warned the people below to stand out of the way, crying aloud, _Borach mevola_: and when they saw the vessels in the air there was a universal shout of _Hekinah degul_.

throw down (投げ捨てる) [動] to throw something down with force

first (まず) [副] before anything else; initially

warn (警告する) [動] to give notice of danger or evil

stand out of the way (道から退く) [動] to move aside so as not to be in the way

cry aloud (大声で叫ぶ) [動] to cry out loudly

see (見る) [動] to perceive with the eyes

彼らは私に二つの樽を投げ捨てるように合図したが、まず下にいる人々に「ボラッチ・メヴォラ」と大声で叫んで、道から退くように警告し、空中に樽が浮かんでいるのを見て、皆が「ヘキナ・デグル」と叫んだ。

I confess I was often tempted, while they were passing backwards and forwards on my body, to seize forty or fifty of the first that came in my reach and dash them against the ground.

confess (白状する) [動] admit or acknowledge something

often (よく) [副] many times; frequently

tempted (誘惑に駆られる) [動] be strongly attracted to something

while (間に) [接] during the time that

pass (行き来する) [動] move or cause to move in a specified direction

backwards (後ろ) [副] toward the back

forwards (前) [副] toward the front

fifty (50) [名] the cardinal number that is the product of five and ten

reach (届く) [動] stretch out so as to touch or grasp something

dash (叩きつける) [動] throw or move with great force

白状すると、彼らが私の体の上を前後に行き来している間に、私の手の届く範囲に来た最初の40人か50人を捕まえて地面に叩きつけたいという誘惑に駆られることがよくあった。

But the remembrance of what I had felt, which probably might not be the worst they could do, and the promise of honor I made to them—for so I interpreted my submissive behavior—soon drove out these imaginations.

remembrance (記憶) [名] the ability to recall past events

probably (おそらく) [副] almost certainly; as far as one knows or can tell

might (かもしれない) [助] expressing possibility or probability

worst (最悪) [形] of the poorest quality or the lowest standard; least good or desirable

do (する) [動] perform an action

honor (名誉) [名] high respect; great esteem

drive out (追い払う) [動] force to leave a place

しかし、私が感じたことの記憶、おそらく彼らができる最悪のことではないかもしれないが、そして私が彼らにした名誉の約束、つまり私は自分の従順な行動をそう解釈したのだが、すぐにこれらの想像を追い払った。

Besides, I now considered myself as bound by the laws of hospitality to a people who had treated me with so much expense and magnificence.

consider (考える) [動] think carefully about

law (法則) [名] a rule or principle that is generally accepted as true

hospitality (もてなし) [名] the friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers

expense (費用) [名] a cost incurred in making or doing something

magnificence (壮大さ) [名] the quality of being impressive or very good

その上、私は今や、私をこれほどまでに費用と壮大さで扱ってくれた人々に対して、もてなしの法則に縛られていると考えていた。

However, in my thoughts I could not sufficiently wonder at the intrepidity of these diminutive mortals, who durst venture to mount and walk upon my body while one of my hands was at liberty, without trembling at the very sight of so prodigious a creature as I must appear to them.

in my thoughts (私の考えでは) [名] in my opinion

sufficiently (十分に) [副] to a satisfactory degree

wonder (驚く) [動] be curious or surprised about

intrepidity (勇敢さ) [名] the quality of being fearless or bold

diminutive (小柄な) [形] very small

mortal (人間) [名] a human being

durst (勇気がある) [動] dare

venture (冒険する) [動] do something new or dangerous

tremble (震える) [動] shake or shiver

prodigious (巨大な) [形] remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree

appear (見える) [動] be visible or noticeable

しかし、私の考えでは、私の片手が自由な状態で、彼らにとって私がそう見えるに違いないほど巨大な生き物を目の当たりにしても震えることなく、私の体に登って歩く勇気のあるこれらの小柄な人間たちの勇敢さに十分驚かずにはいられなかった。

After some time, when they observed that I made no more demands for meat, there appeared before me a person of high rank from his imperial majesty.

after some time (しばらくして) [副] after a short period of time

make no more demands (要求しない) [動] not ask for anything more

appear (現れる) [動] come into sight; become visible

high rank (高官) [名] a person of high status or importance

imperial majesty (皇帝陛下) [名] the emperor

しばらくして、私がもう肉を要求しないことに気づいたとき、私の前に皇帝陛下から高官が現れた。

His excellency, having mounted on the small of my right leg, advanced forwards up to my face, with about a dozen of his retinue, and producing his credentials under the signet royal, which he applied close to my eyes, spoke about ten minutes without any signs of anger, but with a kind of determinate resolution: often pointing forwards, which, as I afterwards found, was towards the capital city, about half a mile distant, whither it was agreed by his majesty in council that I must be conveyed.

His excellency (閣下) [名] a title of honor for high officials

right leg (右足) [名] the leg on the right side of the body

small (ふくらはぎ) [名] the back of the lower leg

about a dozen (約12) [名] approximately twelve

retinue (従者) [名] a group of people who attend or follow an important person

produce (差し出す) [動] bring out or make available

signet royal (国璽) [名] a small seal used by a monarch

apply (差し出す) [動] put or spread on

close (近く) [形] near

speak (話す) [動] say words

about ten minutes (約10分間) [名] approximately ten minutes

anger (怒り) [名] a strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility

but (しかし) [接] on the contrary

determinate (決意) [形] having exact limits

resolution (決意) [名] a firm decision

often (しばしば) [副] frequently

point (指さす) [動] indicate with one's finger

forward (前方) [副] toward the front

which (それ) [代] that

capital city (首都) [名] the city or town that functions as the seat of government and administrative centre of a country or region

about half a mile (約半マイル) [名] approximately half a mile

distant (離れた) [形] far away

whither (そこへ) [副] to what place

it was agreed (合意されていた) [動] have the same opinion about something

majesty (陛下) [名] a title of honor for a king, queen, or emperor

council (評議会) [名] an advisory, deliberative, or legislative body

閣下は私の右足のふくらはぎに登り、約12人の従者を連れて私の顔まで進み、私の目の近くに差し出した国璽の下で信任状を差し出し、怒りの兆候もなく、しかしある種の決意をもって約10分間話した。しばしば前方を指さしていたが、それは後でわかったのだが、約半マイル離れた首都に向かっていたのであり、そこへ私が連れて行かれることが評議会で陛下によって合意されていた。

I answered in few words, but to no purpose, and made a sign with my hand that was loose, putting it to the other (but over his excellency’s head for fear of hurting him or his train), and then to my own head and body, to signify that I desired my liberty.

few (少し) [形] a small number of

purpose (目的) [名] the intention to do something

put (置く) [動] move something to a specified place

other (もう一方) [形] the remaining one of two or more people or things

fear (恐れ) [名] an unpleasant emotion caused by the threat of danger, pain, or harm

hurt (傷つける) [動] feel pain in a part of your body

train (従者) [名] a group of attendants or followers traveling with an important person

私は少し言葉で答えたが、無駄に終わり、自由な手で合図をして、もう一方の手(しかし、彼や彼の従者を傷つける恐れがあるので、彼の頭の上)に置き、それから自分の頭と体に置いて、自由を望んでいることを示した。

It appeared that he understood me well enough, for he shook his head by way of disapprobation, and held his hands in a posture to show that I must be carried as a prisoner.

well enough (十分に) [副] to a satisfactory degree

shake (振る) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side with small rapid movements

disapprobation (不承認) [名] strong disapproval

hold (かざす) [動] keep or maintain in a specified state, position, or course

prisoner (囚人) [名] a person who is kept in prison

彼は私の言っていることを十分に理解しているようで、不承認の態度で頭を振り、私が囚人として連行されなければならないことを示す姿勢で手をかざした。

However, he made other signs, to let me understand that I should have meat and drink enough, and very good treatment.

sign (合図) [名] a gesture or action used to convey information or instructions

have (与えられる) [動] possess, own, or hold

enough (十分な) [形] as much or as many as required

treatment (待遇) [名] the manner in which someone behaves toward or deals with someone or something

しかし、彼は他の合図をして、私は十分な食事と飲み物を与えられ、とても良い待遇を受けることになると理解させた。

Whereupon I once more thought of attempting to break my bonds;

whereupon (そこで) [副] after which; and then

once more (もう一度) [副] one more time; again

break (解く) [動] to cause to come apart by force

bond (縄) [名] a rope or chain used to fasten or confine

そこで私はもう一度、縄を解こうと試みようと思った。

but again, when I felt the smart of their arrows upon my face and hands, which were all in blisters, and many of the darts still sticking in them, and observing likewise that the number of my enemies increased, I gave tokens to let them know that they might do with me what they pleased.

smart (痛み) [名] a sharp, stinging pain

blister (水ぶくれ) [名] a small bubble on the skin filled with serum and caused by friction, burning, or other damage

dart (矢) [名] a small pointed missile that is thrown or shot

stick (刺さる) [動] be or become embedded in

enemy (敵) [名] a person who is actively opposed or hostile to someone or something

token (合図) [名] a thing serving as a visible or tangible representation of a fact, quality, feeling, etc.

しかし、またもや、顔や手に矢の痛みを感じ、顔や手は水ぶくれだらけで、矢の多くがまだ刺さっているのを見て、敵の数が増えているのに気づき、彼らが私をどうしようともかまわないことを示す合図をした。

Upon this the _hurgo_ and his train withdrew, with much civility and cheerful countenances.

upon this (すると) [副] after this; following this

hurgo (ハルゴ) [名] a great lord of Lilliput

train (一行) [名] a group of people traveling together

withdraw (退出する) [動] go away from a place

civility (礼儀正しく) [名] politeness and courtesy

cheerful (陽気な) [形] happy and positive

countenance (顔つき) [名] the expression on a person's face

すると、ハルゴとその一行は、とても礼儀正しく、陽気な顔つきで退出した。

Soon after I heard a general shout, with frequent repetitions of the words, _peplom selan_; and I felt great numbers of people on my left side relaxing the cords to such a degree that I was able to turn upon my right.

soon after (すぐに) [副] a short time after

general (大勢の) [形] involving or affecting the whole of a group or area

repetition (繰り返し) [名] the action of repeating something

すぐに、私は「ペプロム・セラン」という言葉を何度も繰り返す大声を聞いた。そして、左側にいる大勢の人たちが紐を緩めてくれたので、右側に向くことができた。

But, before this, they had daubed my face and both my hands with a sort of ointment, very pleasant to the smell, which in a few minutes removed all the smart of their arrows.

sort (一種の) [名] a category of things or people having similar characteristics

ointment (軟膏) [名] a greasy or oily substance that is rubbed on the skin for medicinal purposes

smell (香り) [名] the property of a substance that is perceived by the olfactory system

a few minutes (数分) [名] a small number of minutes

remove (取り除く) [動] take away or off

all (すべて) [限] the whole amount of

しかし、その前に、彼らは私の顔と両手に、とても良い香りのする軟膏を塗ってくれた。それは数分で矢の痛みをすべて取り除いてくれた。

These circumstances, added to the refreshment I had received by their victuals and drink, which were very nourishing, disposed me to sleep.

circumstance (状況) [名] a fact or condition connected with or relevant to an event or action

add to (加える) [動] increase the amount or number of

refreshment (飲み物) [名] a drink or snack

victual (食事) [名] food

drink (飲み物) [名] a liquid that can be swallowed

nourishing (栄養価の高い) [形] providing nourishment

dispose (眠りについた) [動] make someone have a tendency to do something

これらの状況に加えて、彼らの食事や飲み物でとても栄養価の高いものを摂取したことで、私は眠りについた。

I slept about eight hours, as I was afterwards assured;

eight hours (8時間) [名] a period of time equal to 8 hours

assure (聞く) [動] tell someone something positively or confidently

後で聞いたところによると、私は約8時間眠った。

and it was no wonder, for the physicians, by the emperor’s order, had mingled a sleepy potion in the hogsheads of wine.

physician (医師) [名] a person qualified to practice medicine

emperor (皇帝) [名] the male ruler of an empire

order (命令) [名] an authoritative command or instruction

mingle (混ぜる) [動] mix or cause to mix together

potion (薬) [名] a liquid with healing, magical, or poisonous properties

wine (ワイン) [名] an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grape juice

医師たちが皇帝の命令で、ワイン樽に睡眠薬を混ぜていたのだから、それも不思議ではなかった。

It seems that upon the first moment I was discovered sleeping on the ground, after my landing, the emperor had early notice of it by an express;

first moment (最初の瞬間) [名] the very beginning of something

landing (上陸) [名] the action of coming or bringing something to land

early notice (早期通知) [名] a notification that is given in advance

express (急いで) [副] at high speed

私が上陸した後、地面で寝ているのが発見された最初の瞬間に、皇帝は急いでそのことを知ったらしい。

and determined in council that I should be tied in the manner I have related (which was done in the night while I slept), that plenty of meat and drink should be sent me, and a machine prepared to carry me to the capital city.

determine (決定する) [動] decide or settle in advance

sleep (寝る) [動] rest with the eyes closed

plenty (たくさん) [名] a more than adequate amount or supply

machine (機械) [名] an apparatus using or applying mechanical power and having several parts, each with a definite function and together performing a particular task

carry (運ぶ) [動] take or bring from one place to another

そして、私が述べた方法で縛り(それは私が寝ている間に夜に行われた)、たくさんの肉と飲み物を私に送り、私を首都に運ぶための機械を用意することを評議会で決定した。

This resolution perhaps may appear very bold and dangerous, and I am confident would not be imitated by any prince in Europe on the like occasion.

resolution (決議) [名] a firm decision to do or not to do something

bold (大胆な) [形] not afraid to do things that other people might not approve of

dangerous (危険な) [形] able or likely to cause harm

occasion (機会) [名] a time or event when something happens or could happen

この決議は、おそらく非常に大胆で危険なものに見えるかもしれないし、ヨーロッパのどの君主も同じような機会に真似をすることはないと確信している。

However, in my opinion, it was extremely prudent, as well as generous;

in my opinion (私の意見では) [句] I think that

generous (寛大な) [形] willing to give money, time, help, etc., especially more than is usual or expected

しかし、私の意見では、それは非常に賢明で、寛大でもあった。

for supposing these people had endeavored to kill me with their spears and arrows while I was asleep, I should certainly have awaked with the first sense of smart, which might have so far aroused my rage and strength as to have enabled me to break the strings wherewith I was tied;

suppose (仮定する) [動] assume that something is the case on the basis of evidence or probability but without proof or certain knowledge

endeavor (努力する) [動] try hard to do or achieve something

kill (殺す) [動] cause the death of

spear (槍) [名] a weapon with a long shaft and a pointed tip

asleep (眠っている) [形] in or into a state of sleep

certainly (確かに) [副] without doubt; definitely

sense (感覚) [名] a faculty by which the body perceives an external stimulus; one of the faculties of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch

awake (目覚める) [動] stop sleeping

so far (これまで) [副] to the extent or degree specified

arouse (呼び起こす) [動] evoke or awaken

rage (怒り) [名] violent, uncontrollable anger

strength (力) [名] the quality or state of being physically strong

enable (可能にする) [動] make possible

私が眠っている間にこの人々が槍や矢で私を殺そうとしたとしたら、私は確かに最初の痛みで目覚めただろうし、それは私の怒りと力を呼び起こし、縛られた紐を切ることができたかもしれない。

after which, as they were not able to make resistance, so they could expect no mercy.

after which (その後) [副] after that

be able to (できる) [助] have the ability to

make resistance (抵抗する) [動] oppose or fight against

so (それで) [接] therefore

expect (期待する) [動] regard as likely to happen

その後、彼らは抵抗することができなかったので、慈悲を期待することはできなかった。

These people are most excellent mathematicians, and arrived to a great perfection in mechanics by the countenance and encouragement of the emperor, who is a renowned patron of learning.

These people (この人々) [名] the people being discussed

most excellent (最も優れた) [形] of the highest quality

mathematician (数学者) [名] a person who studies or is an expert in mathematics

arrive (達する) [動] reach a destination

perfection (完成) [名] the condition, state, or quality of being free or as free as possible from all flaws or defects

mechanic (機械学) [名] the branch of physics that deals with the action of forces on bodies and with motion, including the special case in which a body remains at rest

encouragement (励まし) [名] the action of encouraging someone or something

learning (学問) [名] knowledge acquired by systematic study

この人々は最も優れた数学者であり、学問の著名な後援者である皇帝の支援と励ましによって、機械学において大いに完成の域に達した。

This prince has several machines fixed on wheels for the carriage of trees and other great weights.

prince (皇帝) [名] the male ruler of a principality

wheel (車輪) [名] a circular object that revolves on an axle and is fixed below a vehicle or other object to enable it to move easily over the ground

carriage (運搬) [名] the action of carrying or transporting something

tree (木) [名] a woody perennial plant typically having a main stem or trunk and generally a distinct elevated crown

weight (重量物) [名] the amount that a person or thing weighs

この皇帝は、木や他の重量物を運ぶために車輪に固定した機械をいくつか持っている。

He often builds his largest men of war, whereof some are nine feet long, in the woods where the timber grows, and has them carried on these engines three or four hundred yards to the sea.

build (造る) [動] construct

man of war (戦艦) [名] a warship

timber (木材) [名] wood prepared for use in building and construction

yard (ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches

彼はしばしば、木材が生えている森の中で、そのうちのいくつかは長さ9フィートもある最大の戦艦を造り、それらをこれらの機械で300ヤードから400ヤード海まで運ばせている。

Five hundred carpenters and engineers were immediately set at work to prepare the greatest engine they had.

five hundred (500) [数] 500

carpenter (大工) [名] a person who makes and repairs wooden structures

engineer (技師) [名] a person who designs, builds, or maintains engines, machines, or public works

set to work (取り掛かる) [動] start doing something

prepare (準備する) [動] make ready for use or consideration

500人の大工と技師がすぐに作業に取り掛かり、彼らが持っている最大の機械を準備した。

It was a frame of wood raised three inches from the ground, about seven feet long and four wide, moving upon twenty-two wheels.

frame (枠) [名] a rigid structure that surrounds or encloses something such as a door or window

wood (木) [名] the hard fibrous substance that forms the main part of the trunk or branches of a tree

raise (高くする) [動] lift or move to a higher position

three inches (3インチ) [名] a unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters

about seven feet (約7フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 0.3048 meter

four (4) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

twenty-two (22) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-one and one

それは地面から3インチ高くした木の枠で、長さ約7フィート、幅4フィート、22個の車輪で動いていた。

The shout I heard was upon the arrival of this engine, which, it seems, set out in four hours after my landing.

arrival (到着) [名] the act of arriving

engine (機械) [名] a machine that provides power

set out (出発する) [動] start a journey

four hours (4時間) [名] a period of time equal to 240 minutes

私が聞いた歓声はこの機械の到着時のものだったようで、私が上陸してから4時間後に出発したらしい。

It was brought parallel to me as I lay.

bring (運ぶ) [動] take or carry someone or something to a place

parallel (並行) [形] side by side and having the same distance continuously

lie (横たわる) [動] be in or assume a horizontal position

私が横たわっている横に並行に運ばれた。

But the principal difficulty was to raise and place me in this vehicle.

difficulty (困難) [名] a problem or situation that is difficult to deal with

place (乗せる) [動] put in a particular position or place

vehicle (乗り物) [名] a means in or by which someone travels or something is carried or conveyed

しかし、主な困難は私をこの乗り物に乗せることだった。

Eighty poles, each one foot high, were erected for this purpose, and very strong cords, of the bigness of packthread, were fastened by hooks to many bandages, which the workmen had girt round my neck, my hands, my body, and my legs.

eighty (80) [数] the number 80

pole (棒) [名] a long thin piece of wood or metal

one foot (1フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

erect (立てる) [動] construct or build

cord (紐) [名] a thin rope

bigness (太さ) [名] the state of being big

packthread (荷造り用の紐) [名] a strong thread or string used for tying up parcels

hook (フック) [名] a curved or sharply bent device for catching, holding, or pulling

bandage (包帯) [名] a strip of material used to bind a wound or to protect an injured part of the body

workman (作業員) [名] a person who does manual or industrial work

girt (巻き付ける) [動] encircle or bind with a belt or band

neck (首) [名] the part of a person's or animal's body that connects the head to the rest of the body

この目的のために、それぞれ1フィートの高さの80本の棒が立てられ、作業員が私の首、手、体、足に巻き付けた多くの包帯に、荷造り用の紐のような非常に強い紐がフックで固定された。

Nine hundred of the strongest men were employed to draw up these cords by many pulleys fastened on the poles;

nine hundred (900) [数] a number equal to nine times one hundred

strongest (屈強な) [形] having great physical power

man (男) [名] an adult male human being

employ (雇う) [動] give work to

draw up (引き上げる) [動] pull or move something upwards

pulley (滑車) [名] a simple machine consisting of a wheel with a grooved rim over which a rope or cable passes

900人の屈強な男たちが、棒に固定された多くの滑車でこれらの紐を引き上げるために雇われた。

and thus, in less than three hours, I was raised and slung into the engine, and there tied fast.

less than (しないうちに) [副] not as much as

three hours (3時間) [名] a period of time equal to 180 minutes

raise (持ち上げる) [動] lift up

sling (吊り下げる) [動] hang or suspend loosely

こうして、3時間もしないうちに私は持ち上げられて、機械に吊り下げられ、そこでしっかりと縛られた。

All this I was told; for while the operation was performing I lay in a profound sleep, by the force of that soporiferous medicine infused into my liquor.

all this (これらすべて) [名] everything that has been mentioned

be told (聞かされる) [動] be informed of something

operation (作業) [名] a planned activity involving many people

profound (深い) [形] very great or intense

sleep (眠り) [名] a condition of body and mind in which the nervous system is inactive and consciousness practically suspended

force (力) [名] strength or energy exerted or brought to bear

that (その) [限] the person or thing mentioned or indicated

soporiferous (眠気を催させる) [形] causing or tending to cause sleep

medicine (薬) [名] a drug or other preparation used for the treatment or prevention of disease

infuse (混ぜる) [動] introduce as an ingredient

liquor (飲み物) [名] an alcoholic drink

これらはすべて後から聞いた話だ。というのも、この作業が行われている間、私は飲み物に混ぜられた睡眠薬の力でぐっすりと眠っていたからだ。

Fifteen hundred of the emperor’s largest horses, each about four inches and a half high, were employed to draw me towards the metropolis, which, as I said, was half a mile distant.

fifteen hundred (1500) [名] the number 1500

largest (最も大きい) [形] of the greatest size or extent

horse (馬) [名] a large, four-legged mammal that has been domesticated by humans since prehistoric times

four inches and a half (4インチ半) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

draw (引っ張る) [動] move or cause to move in a specified way

metropolis (首都) [名] the chief city of a country or region

皇帝の最も大きな馬1500頭、それぞれが約4インチ半の高さで、私を首都に向かって引っ張るために雇われたが、それは私が言ったように、半マイル離れていた。

About four hours after we began our journey I awaked by a very ridiculous accident;

about four hours (4時間ほど) [名] a period of time

journey (旅) [名] a long and difficult process of personal change and growth

ridiculous (ばかげた) [形] causing laughter because of being foolish or absurd

accident (事故) [名] an unfortunate event that happens unexpectedly and usually results in harm or damage

旅を始めてから4時間ほど経った頃、私はとてもばかげた事故で目を覚ました。

for the carriage being stopped awhile, to adjust something that was out of order, two or three of the young natives had the curiosity to see how I looked when I was asleep;

carriage (馬車) [名] a wheeled vehicle for people, usually pulled by horses

stop (止まる) [動] come to a halt

awhile (しばらく) [副] for a short time

adjust (調整する) [動] alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conformity

out of order (故障した) [形] not functioning properly

two or three (2、3人) [名] a small number of people

young (若い) [形] having lived or existed for only a short time

native (原住民) [名] a person born in a particular place

curiosity (好奇心) [名] a strong desire to know or learn something

look (様子) [動] direct one's gaze

馬車が故障した何かを調整するためにしばらく止まっていたので、2、3人の若い原住民が私が寝ている時の様子を見たくて好奇心を抱いたのだ。

they climbed up into the engine, and, advancing very softly to my face, one of them, an officer in the guards, put the sharp end of his half-pike a good way up into my left nostril, which tickled my nose like a straw, and made me sneeze violently;

climb up (登る) [動] move up or down with effort

engine (馬車) [名] a vehicle that provides motive power for a train

softly (そっと) [副] in a gentle manner

officer (将校) [名] a person holding a position of authority or command

guard (衛兵) [名] a person who guards or watches over something

sharp (鋭い) [形] having a thin edge or point

end (先端) [名] the last part of something

half-pike (半パイク) [名] a weapon with a long wooden shaft and a pointed metal head

nostril (鼻孔) [名] either of the two openings in the nose through which air passes

tickle (くすぐる) [動] touch or stroke lightly in a way that causes itching or laughter

straw (麦わら) [名] a thin tube made of paper or plastic for sucking up a drink

sneeze (くしゃみをする) [動] make an involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth caused by irritation of the nasal mucous membrane

彼らは馬車に登り、そっと私の顔に近づいてきて、そのうちの一人、衛兵の将校が、半パイクの鋭い先端を私の左の鼻孔に突き刺し、それが私の鼻を麦わらのようにくすぐり、私は激しくくしゃみをした。

whereupon they stole off unperceived, and it was three weeks before I knew the cause of my awaking so suddenly.

steal off (逃げ出す) [動] leave secretly or without being noticed

unperceived (気づかれずに) [形] not seen or noticed

three weeks (3週間) [名] a period of 21 days

cause (原因) [名] the person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition

suddenly (突然) [副] quickly and without warning

すると彼らは気づかれずに逃げ出し、私が突然目覚めた原因を知ったのは3週間後のことだった。

We made a long march the remaining part of that day, and rested at night with five hundred guards on each side of me, half with torches, and half with bows and arrows, ready to shoot me if I should offer to stir.

make a long march (長い行進をする) [動] walk a long distance

the remaining part of that day (その日の残りの時間) [名] the time left in the day

rest (休む) [動] cease work or movement in order to relax, refresh oneself, or recover strength

each side (両側) [名] either of the two parts on either side of a central dividing line

torch (松明) [名] a portable electric lamp

shoot (射る) [動] hit or wound with a missile discharged from a weapon

offer to (しようとする) [動] express a willingness to do something

その日の残りの時間は長い行進をし、夜は私の両側に500人の衛兵を配置して休んだが、その半分は松明を持ち、残りの半分は弓矢を持ち、私が動こうものなら射殺する準備ができていた。

The next morning at sunrise we continued our march, and arrived within two hundred yards of the city gates about noon.

the next morning (翌朝) [名] the morning of the day after the present day

sunrise (日の出) [名] the time when the sun rises

march (行進) [名] a long and tiring walk

within (以内) [前] inside

two hundred yards (200ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches

city gate (市門) [名] a gate in a city wall

翌朝、日の出とともに行進を続け、正午頃には市門まで200ヤード以内に到着した。

The emperor and all his court came out to meet us;

court (廷臣) [名] the sovereign and his or her family and retinue

come out (出迎える) [動] to come to meet someone

皇帝とその廷臣たちが私たちを出迎えに来た。

but his great officers would by no means suffer his majesty to endanger his person by mounting on my body.

officer (官) [名] a person who has a position of authority in an organization

by no means (決して) [副] not at all; in no way

endanger (危険にさらす) [動] put at risk or in danger

しかし、高官たちは陛下が私の身体に登って危険にさらされることを決して許さなかった。

At the place where the carriage stopped there stood an ancient temple, esteemed to be the largest in the whole kingdom, which, having been polluted some years before by an unnatural murder, was, according to the zeal of those people looked upon as profane, and therefore had been applied to common uses, and all the ornaments and furniture carried away.

place (場所) [名] a particular position or point in space

temple (寺院) [名] a building used for the worship of a god or gods, especially in the Buddhist and Hindu religions, and in ancient Greek and Roman times

esteem (見なす) [動] regard with respect or admiration

kingdom (王国) [名] a country, state, or territory ruled by a king or queen

pollute (汚す) [動] contaminate (something) with harmful or poisonous substances

unnatural (不自然) [形] contrary to the ordinary course of nature

murder (殺人) [名] the unlawful premeditated killing of one human being by another

zeal (熱意) [名] great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or an objective

profane (冒涜する) [動] treat (something sacred) with irreverence or contempt

common (一般) [形] of or relating to the whole community

use (用途) [名] the action of using something or the state of being used

ornament (装飾品) [名] an object or design used to make something more attractive

furniture (家具) [名] the movable, generally functional, articles that equip a room, house etc

馬車が止まった場所には、王国全体で最大とされる古代寺院が立っていたが、数年前に不自然な殺人によって汚されたため、この人々の熱意によれば、冒涜されたものと見なされ、そのために一般用途に使われ、装飾品や家具はすべて持ち去られていた。

In this edifice it was determined I should lodge.

edifice (建物) [名] a large, impressive building

determine (決まる) [動] cause to occur in a particular manner; fix or decide in advance

lodge (宿泊する) [動] live temporarily in a place

この建物に私が宿泊することが決まった。

The great gate fronting to the north was about four feet high and almost two feet wide, through which I could easily creep.

front (面する) [動] be opposite to

gate (門) [名] a hinged barrier used to close an opening in a wall, fence, or hedge

four (四) [数] the number 4

wide (広い) [形] having a specified extent from side to side

through (通って) [前] from one end or side of (an opening, channel, or location) to the other

creep (通り抜ける) [動] move slowly and carefully, especially in order to avoid being seen or heard

北側に面した大門は高さ約四フィート、幅約二フィートで、私は楽に通り抜けることができた。

On each side of the gate was a small window, not above six inches from the ground;

on each side (両側に) [副] on both sides

window (窓) [名] an opening in a wall or vehicle that allows in light and can be opened to allow in air

門の両側には地面から六インチと離れていない小さな窓があった。

into that on the left side the king’s smiths conveyed fourscore and eleven chains, like those that hang to a lady’s watch in Europe, and almost as large, which were locked to my left leg with six-and-thirty padlocks.

into that (その中に) [前] into that thing

smith (鍛冶屋) [名] a person who works with metal

convey (通す) [動] to carry or take from one place to another

fourscore and eleven (九十一) [名] ninety-one

chain (鎖) [名] a series of metal rings connected together

like (のような) [前] similar to

those (それら) [代] the things mentioned before

hang (ぶら下がる) [動] to be suspended from something

lady (婦人) [名] a woman of good breeding

watch (時計) [名] a small timepiece that is worn on a person's wrist

large (同じ大きさ) [形] of great size or extent

lock (固定する) [動] to fasten or secure (something) with a lock

six-and-thirty (三十六) [名] thirty-six

padlock (南京錠) [名] a detachable lock with a U-shaped bar that is passed through a staple or link and then snapped shut

左側の窓から王の鍛冶屋がヨーロッパの婦人用の時計にぶら下がっている鎖のような、ほとんど同じ大きさの鎖を九十一本通して、私の左足に三十六個の南京錠で固定した。

Over against this temple, on the other side of the great highway, at twenty feet distance, there was a turret at least five feet high.

over against (向かい側) [前] opposite

great highway (大通り) [名] a main road, especially one connecting major towns or cities

twenty feet (二十フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 0.3048 meter

five feet (五フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 0.3048 meter

turret (塔) [名] a small tower, typically forming part of a building such as a castle or church

この寺院の向かい側、大通りの反対側の二十フィート離れたところに、少なくとも五フィートの高さの塔があった。

Here the emperor ascended, with many principal lords of his court, to have an opportunity of viewing me, as I was told, for I could not see them.

ascend (登る) [動] go up

court (宮廷) [名] the residence of a sovereign or other high-ranking person

lord (貴族) [名] a person of noble rank

have an opportunity (機会がある) [名] a chance to do something

view (見る) [動] look at or inspect

後で聞いた話だが、皇帝は私を見るために、宮廷の主要な貴族たちと共にこの塔に登ったらしいが、私には彼らの姿は見えなかった。

It was reckoned that above a hundred thousand inhabitants came out of the town upon the same errand;

hundred thousand (十万) [名] the number 100,000

come out (出てくる) [動] move or travel from inside to outside

town (町) [名] a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city

errand (目的) [名] a short journey undertaken to deliver or collect something or to perform a service

同じ目的で町から出てきた住民は十万人以上と見積もられた。

and, in spite of my guards, I believe there could not be fewer than ten thousand, at several times, who mounted my body, by the help of ladders.

in spite of (にもかかわらず) [前] without being influenced by; notwithstanding

believe (思う) [動] to think or suppose

there could not be fewer than (以上はいたと思う) [動] there could not be less than

ten thousand (一万人) [名] the number 10000

at several times (何度か合わせて) [副] on several occasions

who mounted my body (私の体に登った) [動] who climbed up my body

by the help of (を使って) [前] with the aid of

私の護衛がいたにもかかわらず、梯子を使って私の体に登った人は、何度か合わせて一万人以上はいたと思う。

But a proclamation was soon issued to forbid it upon pain of death.

proclamation (布告) [名] an official public announcement

issue (出す) [動] to produce or make available

forbid (禁ずる) [動] to order (someone) not to do something

pain (刑) [名] a penalty imposed for a crime

death (死) [名] the end of all life

しかし、すぐに死刑をもってこれを禁ずる布告が出された。

When the workmen found it was impossible for me to break loose they cut all the strings that bound me;

impossible (不可能) [形] not possible

break loose (逃げ出す) [動] escape

作業員たちは私が逃げ出すのは不可能だと分かると、私を縛っていた紐を全部切った。

whereupon I rose up, with as melancholy a disposition as ever I had in my life.

rise up (立ち上がる) [動] get up from a lying, sitting, or kneeling position

melancholy (憂鬱な) [形] a feeling of sadness, gloom, or despondency

すると私は、人生でかつてないほど憂鬱な気分で立ち上がった。

But the noise and astonishment of the people at seeing me rise and walk are not to be expressed.

しかし、私が立ち上がって歩くのを見た人々の騒ぎと驚きは表現できないほどだった。

The chains that held my left leg were about two yards long, and gave me not only the liberty of walking backwards and forwards in a semicircle, but being fixed within four inches of the gate, allowed me to creep in and lie at my full length in the temple.

about two yards (約二ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches

not only ... but (だけでなく) [接] and in addition; also

backwards (後ろ向きに) [副] in the opposite direction of normal

forwards (前向きに) [副] in the direction that one is facing

semicircle (半円) [名] half of a circle

four inches (四インチ) [名] a unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 centimeters

allow (できる) [動] permit; let

私の左足を繋いでいた鎖は長さ約二ヤードあり、半円状に前後に歩く自由を与えてくれただけでなく、門から四インチ以内に固定されていたので、私は中に入り、寺院の中で全身を横たえることができたのです。

CHAPTER II

第二章

THE EMPEROR OF LILLIPUT, ATTENDED BY SEVERAL OF THE NOBILITY, COMES TO SEE THE AUTHOR IN HIS CONFINEMENT—THE EMPEROR’S PERSON AND HABITS DESCRIBED—LEARNED MEN APPOINTED TO TEACH THE AUTHOR THEIR LANGUAGE—HE GAINS FAVOR BY HIS MILD DISPOSITION—HIS POCKETS ARE SEARCHED, AND HIS SWORD AND PISTOLS TAKEN FROM HIM.

THE EMPEROR OF LILLIPUT (リリパットの皇帝) [名] the ruler of Lilliput

SEVERAL OF THE NOBILITY (何人かの貴族) [名] a group of nobles

COMES TO SEE (会いに来る) [動] come to visit

THE AUTHOR (著者) [名] the writer of a book, article, or report

IN HIS CONFINEMENT (監禁されている) [名] the state of being imprisoned or confined

THE EMPEROR’S PERSON AND HABITS (皇帝の人物と習慣) [名] the emperor's personality and behavior

DESCRIBED (説明) [動] give an account of something

LEARNED MEN (学者) [名] a person who has a lot of knowledge

APPOINTED (任命された) [動] assign a job or role to

TO TEACH (教えるために) [動] to impart knowledge to

THEIR LANGUAGE (彼らの言語) [名] the language of the Lilliputians

HE GAINS FAVOR (好意を得る) [動] to win the approval of

BY HIS MILD DISPOSITION (温和な態度で) [名] a gentle or moderate temperament

HIS POCKETS ARE SEARCHED (ポケットを探られる) [動] to examine the contents of

AND HIS SWORD AND PISTOLS (剣とピストル) [名] a weapon with a long metal blade and a handle

TAKEN FROM HIM (奪われる) [動] to be taken away from

リリパットの皇帝が、何人かの貴族を従えて、監禁されている著者に会いに来る—皇帝の人物と習慣の説明—著者に彼らの言語を教えるために任命された学者—彼は温和な態度で好意を得る—彼のポケットを探られ、剣とピストルを奪われる。

When I found myself on my feet I looked about me, and must confess I never beheld a more entertaining prospect.

find oneself (気づく) [動] become aware of

on one's feet (立っている) [形] standing

look about (見回す) [動] look around

confess (告白する) [動] admit or state that one has committed a crime or done something wrong

never (決して) [副] not ever; at no time in the past or future; on no occasion; not at all

behold (見る) [動] see or observe

entertaining (面白い) [形] providing entertainment or amusement

prospect (見通し) [名] the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring

私が自分の足で立っていることに気づいたとき、私は自分の周りを見回した、そして、私はこれ以上面白い見通しを見たことがなかったことを告白しなければならない。

The country around appeared like a continued garden, and the inclosed fields, which were generally forty feet square, resembled so many beds of flowers.

country (田園) [名] the land of a nation

garden (庭園) [名] a piece of land where plants (such as flowers or vegetables) are grown

inclosed (囲まれた) [形] shut in or surrounded by a barrier

field (畑) [名] an area of open land, especially one planted with crops or pasture

generally (通常) [副] in most cases; usually

square (平方) [形] having four equal sides and four right angles

resemble (似ている) [動] be like or similar to

周辺の田園は連続した庭園のように見え、囲まれた畑は、通常四十平方フィートほどで、たくさんの花壇に似ていた。

These fields were intermingled with woods of half a stang, and the tallest trees, as I could judge, appeared to be seven feet high.

intermingle (混ざる) [動] mix or mingle together

stang (スタング) [名] a unit of length equal to 22 yards

tall (高い) [形] of more than average height

これらの畑には半スタングの森が混ざり、私の判断では一番高い木は七フィートほどだった。

I viewed the town on my left hand, which looked like the painted scene of a city in a theater.

look like (~のように見える) [動] have the same appearance as

theater (劇場) [名] a building or area for dramatic performances and a motion-picture house

私は左手にある町を眺めたが、それは劇場の都市の描かれた場面のように見えた。

The emperor was already descended from the tower and advancing on horseback towards me, which had like to have cost him dear;

tower (塔) [名] a tall narrow building, either freestanding or forming part of a building such as a church or castle

horseback (馬) [名] the back of a horse

cost (高くつく) [動] require the payment of (a specified sum) in order to be bought or obtained

皇帝はすでに塔から降りて、馬に乗って私に向かって進んでおり、それは彼にとって高くついたようだった。

for the beast, though very well trained, yet wholly unused to such a sight, which appeared as if a mountain moved before him, reared up on his hindfeet;

beast (馬) [名] an animal

though (が) [接] despite the fact that

trained (訓練されていた) [形] having been taught a skill

yet (が) [接] but

wholly (全く) [副] completely

unused (慣れていなかった) [形] not used

such (そんな) [限] of that kind

sight (光景) [名] something that is seen

as if (まるで) [接] as though

mountain (山) [名] a large natural elevation of the earth's surface rising abruptly from the surrounding level or a large steep hill

moved (動いている) [動] change position

before (目の前で) [前] in front of

reared (立ち上がった) [動] rise up on the hind legs

というのも、その馬は、非常によく訓練されていたが、目の前で山が動いているように見えるそんな光景には全く慣れていなかったため、後ろ足で立ち上がったのだ。

but that prince, who is an excellent horseman, kept his seat, till his attendants ran in and held the bridle, while his majesty had time to dismount.

excellent (優れた) [形] extremely good

horseman (馬術家) [名] a rider on horseback

keep (保つ) [動] continue to have

seat (座席) [名] a place where someone may sit

attendant (従者) [名] a person who accompanies another

run (駆け寄る) [動] move at a speed faster than a walk

bridle (手綱) [名] the headgear used to control a horse

dismount (馬から降りる) [動] get off a horse

しかし、優れた馬術家である皇帝は、従者が駆け寄って手綱を握るまで座席を保ち、陛下は馬から降りる時間があった。

When he alighted he surveyed me round with great admiration;

alight (降りる) [動] get off a vehicle

survey (見回す) [動] look at or examine something carefully

彼が降りると、私を大いに感心しながら見回した。

but kept without the length of my chain.

keep (いる) [動] remain in a specified state

without (外側) [前] not in the company of

length (長さ) [名] the measurement of something from end to end

しかし、私の鎖の長さの外側にいた。

He ordered his cooks and butlers, who were already prepared, to give me victuals and drink, which they pushed forward in a sort of vehicles upon wheels till I could reach them,

order (命じる) [動] give an order to

cook (料理人) [名] a person whose job is to prepare and cook food

butler (執事) [名] the chief male servant of a house

victuals (食べ物) [名] food

push (前進させる) [動] move or cause to move into a specified position

彼はすでに準備していた料理人と執事に、私に食べ物と飲み物を与えるように命じ、彼らは私が届くまで車輪のついた乗り物で前進させた。

I took these vehicles and soon emptied them all;

empty (空にする) [動] make or become empty

私はこれらの乗り物を取って、すぐに全部空にした。

twenty of them were filled with meat, and ten with liquor;

twenty (20) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

ten (10) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one

そのうちの20台は肉で、10台は酒でいっぱいだった。

each of the former afforded me two or three good mouthfuls;

afford (食べられる) [動] be able to do something without causing problems

前者はそれぞれ2、3口で食べられた。

and I emptied the liquor of ten vessels, which was contained in earthen vials, into one vehicle, drinking it off at a draught;

vessel (容器) [名] a hollow container used to hold liquid

earthen (土製の) [形] made of earth or clay

vial (小瓶) [名] a small container made of glass

そして、私は土製の小瓶に入っている10個の容器の酒を1つの乗り物に空け、一気に飲み干した。

and so I did with the rest.

and so (そして) [接] and therefore

with (と) [前] accompanied by

the rest (残り) [名] the remaining part

そして、残りもそうした。

The empress and young princes of the blood of both sexes, attended by many ladies, sat at some distance in their chairs;

empress (皇后) [名] the wife or widow of an emperor

prince (皇子) [名] the son of a king or queen

princess (皇女) [名] the daughter of a king or queen

lady (女官) [名] a woman of high social position

chair (椅子) [名] a seat with a back and usually four legs

sit (座る) [動] be in a position in which your weight is supported by your buttocks rather than your feet and your upper body is more or less upright

皇后と、多くの女官を従えた男女の皇子たちは、少し離れたところに椅子を置いて座っていた。

but, upon the accident that happened to the emperor’s horse, they alighted, and came near his person, which I am now going to describe.

happen (起こる) [動] take place; occur

come near (近づく) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker

しかし、皇帝の馬に事故が起こったので、彼らは馬から降りて皇帝のそばに近づいてきた。

He is taller by almost the breadth of my nail, than any of his court, which alone is enough to strike an awe into the beholders.

breadth (幅) [名] the distance or measurement from side to side of something

alone (それだけで) [副] without any other people or things

strike (打たれる) [動] hit or move with a sharp blow

awe (畏敬の念) [名] a feeling of reverential respect mixed with fear or wonder

beholder (見る者) [名] a person who looks at something

皇帝は、宮廷の誰よりも私の爪の幅ほど背が高く、それだけでも見る者を畏敬の念に打たれるに十分だ。

His features are strong and masculine, with an Austrian lip and arched nose, his complexion olive, his countenance erect, his body and limbs well proportioned, all his motions graceful and his deportment majestic.

feature (顔立ち) [名] a prominent or conspicuous aspect of something

masculine (男らしい) [形] having qualities or appearance regarded as characteristic of men

Austrian (オーストリア人のような) [形] of or relating to Austria or its people

lip (唇) [名] either of the two fleshy parts that form the upper and lower edges of the opening of the mouth

arched (アーチ型の) [形] having the form of an arch

nose (鼻) [名] the part of the face that projects above the mouth and contains the nostrils

complexion (顔色) [名] the natural color, texture, and appearance of the skin, especially of the face

olive (オリーブ色) [名] a small oval fruit with a hard stone and bitter flesh, green when unripe and bluish black when ripe, used as food and as a source of oil

countenance (顔) [名] the face as an expression of mood, emotion, or character

erect (直立した) [形] upright in position or posture

limb (手足) [名] an arm or leg of a person or four-legged animal

well proportioned (均整がとれた) [形] having a pleasing or harmonious relationship of parts to each other or to the whole

motion (動作) [名] the action or process of moving or being moved

graceful (優雅な) [形] having or showing grace or elegance

deportment (態度) [名] behavior or manners

majestic (威厳のある) [形] having or showing impressive dignity or grandeur

皇帝の顔立ちは、オーストリア人のような唇とアーチ型の鼻を持ち、強くて男らしく、顔色はオリーブ色で、顔は直立し、体と手足は均整がとれ、すべての動作は優雅で、態度は威厳に満ちている。

He was then past his prime, being twenty-eight years and three-quarters old, of which he had reigned about seven in great felicity and generally victorious.

be past one's prime (壮年期を過ぎる) [動] to be past the time when one is at one's best

twenty-eight years and three-quarters (二十八歳と四分の三) [名] an age

of which (そのうち) [代] of the things mentioned

reign (統治する) [動] to rule as a monarch

about seven (七年ほど) [名] a period of time

great felicity (非常に幸福) [名] a state of great happiness

generally victorious (概ね勝利を収める) [形] usually winning

皇帝は当時、二十八歳と四分の三という壮年期を過ぎており、そのうち七年ほどは非常に幸福で、概ね勝利を収めていた。

For the better convenience of beholding him I lay on my side, so that my face was parallel to his, and he stood but three yards off;

for the better convenience of (もっとよく) [副] more easily or conveniently

lay (横になる) [動] to be in or move into a horizontal position

parallel (平行) [形] extending in the same direction, equidistant at all points, and never intersecting

皇帝をもっとよく見るために、私は横になって顔を皇帝と平行にし、皇帝はわずか三ヤード離れたところに立っていた。

however, I have had him since many times in my hand, and therefore cannot be deceived in the description.

many times (何度も) [副] on many occasions

since (それ以来) [副] from then on

in my hand (手に取る) [名] in my possession

cannot be deceived (間違いはない) [動] cannot be wrong

in the description (その説明に) [名] in the account

しかし、私はそれ以来何度も皇帝を手に取ったことがあるので、その説明に間違いはない。

His dress was very plain and simple, and the fashion of it between the Asiatic and the European; but he had on his head a light helmet of gold, adorned with jewels, and a plume on the crest.

dress (服装) [名] the way that someone dresses

plain (地味な) [形] not decorated or elaborate

simple (シンプルな) [形] not complicated or elaborate

Asiatic (アジア) [形] of or relating to Asia or its people

European (ヨーロッパ) [形] of or relating to Europe or its people

light (軽い) [形] of little weight

helmet (兜) [名] a hard protective head covering

gold (金) [名] a yellow precious metal

jewel (宝石) [名] a precious stone

crest (兜) [名] a tuft or other natural growth on the head of an animal

皇帝の服装は非常に地味でシンプルで、アジアとヨーロッパの中間のようなファッションだったが、頭には宝石で飾られた金の軽い兜をかぶり、兜には羽飾りがついていた。

He held his sword drawn in his hand to defend himself, if I should happen to break loose: it was almost three inches long;

hold (持つ) [動] keep in one's hand

sword (剣) [名] a weapon with a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

defend (守る) [動] protect from harm or danger

万一私が逃げ出したら、皇帝は身を守るために剣を抜いて手に持っていた。剣の長さは三インチ近くあった。

the hilt and scabbard were gold enriched with diamonds.

hilt (柄) [名] the handle of a sword, dagger, or knife

scabbard (鞘) [名] a sheath for a sword, dagger, or bayonet

diamond (ダイヤモンド) [名] a hard, transparent, extremely valuable stone, a form of carbon

柄と鞘は金製でダイヤモンドがちりばめられていた。

His voice was shrill, but very clear and articulate, and I could distinctly hear it when I stood up.

clear (明瞭) [形] easy to understand

articulate (聞き取りやすい) [形] expressing oneself easily or fluently

distinctly (はっきりと) [副] in a clear and definite way

stand up (立っている) [動] be in or assume a position in which you put your weight on your feet but not on your knees

皇帝の声は甲高かったが、非常に明瞭で聞き取りやすく、私が立っている時にははっきりと聞こえた。

The ladies and courtiers were all most magnificently clad, so that the spot they stood upon seemed to resemble a petticoat spread on the ground, embroidered with figures of gold and silver.

courtier (廷臣) [名] a person who attends or frequents the court of a king or other sovereign

magnificently (豪華に) [副] in a magnificent manner

clad (着る) [動] to cover with or as if with a garment

spot (場所) [名] a particular place or location

petticoat (ペチコート) [名] an underskirt

embroider (刺繍する) [動] to decorate with needlework

figure (刺繍) [名] a design or pattern in needlework

女官や廷臣たちは皆、とても豪華な衣装を着ていたので、彼らが立っている場所は、金や銀の刺繍を施したペチコートを地面に広げたように見えた。

His imperial majesty spoke often to me, and I returned answers, but neither of us could understand a syllable.

return (返す) [動] give back

answer (答え) [名] a reply to a question

neither (どちらも) [限] not either

皇帝陛下はよく私に話しかけ、私も答えたが、どちらも一言も理解できなかった。

There were several of his priests and lawyers present (as I conjectured by their habits), who were commanded to address themselves to me, and I spoke to them in as many languages as I had the least smattering of, which were High and Low Dutch, Latin, French, Spanish, Italian, and Lingua Franca; but all to no purpose.

priest (僧侶) [名] a person who has been ordained for religious duties

lawyer (法律家) [名] a person who is a member of the legal profession

present (出席する) [動] be at a place or event

habit (習慣) [名] a settled or regular tendency or practice

address (話しかける) [動] speak to

High and Low Dutch (高地ドイツ語、低地ドイツ語) [名] two groups of Germanic languages

Latin (ラテン語) [名] the language of ancient Rome

French (フランス語) [名] the language of France

Spanish (スペイン語) [名] the language of Spain

Italian (イタリア語) [名] the language of Italy

Lingua Franca (リンガ・フランカ) [名] a language used as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different

皇帝の僧侶や法律家が何人か出席していたが(彼らの習慣から推測したのだが)、彼らは私に話しかけるように命じられ、私は彼らに、高地ドイツ語、低地ドイツ語、ラテン語、フランス語、スペイン語、イタリア語、リンガ・フランカなど、私が少しでも知っている限りの言語で話しかけたが、すべて無駄だった。

After about two hours the court retired, and I was left with a strong guard to prevent the impertinence, and probably the malice of the rabble, who were very impatient to crowd about me as near as they durst;

about two hours (二時間ほど) [名] a period of time

retire (退出する) [動] withdraw or go away from a place or position

impertinence (無礼な振る舞い) [名] the quality of being rude or disrespectful

malice (悪意) [名] the intention or desire to do evil

rabble (群衆) [名] a large crowd of people

impatient (焦っている) [形] having or showing a lack of patience

crowd (群がる) [動] gather together in a large group

as near as (できるだけ近づこう) [副] to the greatest extent or degree possible

durst (あえてする) [動] dare to do something

二時間ほど経って、宮廷は退出し、私は、無礼な振る舞いや、恐らくは、私の周りにできるだけ近づこうと焦っている群衆の悪意を防ぐために、強固な護衛と共に残された。

and some of them had the impudence to shoot their arrows at me as I sat on the ground by the door of my house, whereof one very narrowly missed my left eye.

some of (何人か) [名] a portion of

impudence (厚かましさ) [名] the quality of being rude and not showing respect

door (ドア) [名] a hinged barrier used to close an entrance

narrowly (かろうじて) [副] by a small margin

miss (かすめる) [動] to fail to hit, reach, or come into contact with

私が家のドアのそばの地面に座っていると、そのうちの何人かは厚かましくも私に矢を放ち、そのうちの一本は私の左目をかすめた。

But the colonel ordered six of the ringleaders to be seized, and thought no punishment so proper as to deliver them bound into my hands;

colonel (大佐) [名] a military officer in charge of a regiment

ringleader (首謀者) [名] the leader of a group of people who are causing trouble or breaking the law

deliver (渡す) [動] give or send something to someone

bind (縛り上げる) [動] tie or fasten with a rope or other material

punishment (処罰) [名] the infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution for an offense

しかし、大佐は首謀者六名を捕らえるよう命じ、彼らを縛り上げて私の手に渡すことが最も適切な処罰だと考えた。

which some of his soldiers accordingly did, pushing them forwards with the butt-ends of their pikes into my reach.

some of (何人かの) [限] an unspecified number of

soldier (兵士) [名] a person who serves in an army

accordingly (それに従って) [副] in a way that is appropriate or suitable

push (押し出す) [動] exert force on (someone or something) in order to move them away from oneself

butt-end (柄) [名] the thick end of a weapon or tool

pike (槍) [名] a long wooden shaft with a pointed metal head

それに従って、大佐の兵士の何人かが、彼らを槍の柄で突きながら私の手の届くところまで押し出した。

I took them all in my right hand, put five of them into my coat pocket, and as to the sixth, I made a countenance as if I would eat him alive.

take (つかむ) [動] grip, grasp, or seize

right hand (右手) [名] the hand that is on the right side of the body

five (五人) [名] the number 5

coat pocket (上着のポケット) [名] a pocket on a coat

sixth (六人目) [名] the number 6

alive (生きたまま) [形] living; not dead

私は彼らを全員右手でつかみ、五人は上着のポケットに入れ、六人目は生きたまま食べてしまいそうな顔をした。

The poor man squalled terribly, and the colonel and his officers were in much pain, especially when they saw me take out my penknife;

poor (哀れな) [形] having little money or few possessions

squall (わめく) [動] cry or scream loudly

pain (心配) [名] a state of mental or emotional suffering or torment

take out (取り出す) [動] remove something from a place

哀れな男はひどくわめき、大佐とその将校たちは、特に私がペンナイフを取り出すのを見て、とても心配した。

but I soon put them out of fear;

しかし、私はすぐに彼らの恐怖を取り除いた。

for, looking mildly, and immediately cutting the strings he was bound with, I set him gently on the ground and away he ran.

mildly (穏やかに) [副] in a gentle and moderate manner

set (置く) [動] put, lay, or stand (something) in a specified place

穏やかな顔で、すぐに彼を縛っていた紐を切って、そっと地面に置いてやると、彼は逃げ出した。

I treated the rest in the same manner, taking them one by one out of my pocket;

treat (扱う) [動] behave towards or deal with in a certain way

pocket (ポケット) [名] a small bag sewn into or on clothing so as to form part of it, used for carrying small articles

残りの者も同じように扱い、ポケットから一人ずつ取り出した。

and I observed both the soldiers and people were highly obliged at this mark of my clemency, which was represented very much to my advantage at court.

mark (しるし) [名] a sign or indication of something

clemency (寛大) [名] mercy; leniency

obliged (感謝する) [形] grateful

そして、兵士も民衆も私のこの寛大な行為に大いに感謝しているのが分かり、宮廷でも私の好意として大いに伝えられた。

Towards night I got with some difficulty into my house, where I lay on the ground, and continued so to do about a fortnight;

towards night (夜になると) [副] as the night approaches

get into (入る) [動] go or come in

lie on (横たわる) [動] be in or assume a horizontal or resting position

fortnight (二週間) [名] a period of two weeks

夜になると、私は何とか家に入り、地面に横たわり、二週間ほどそうし続けた。

during which time the emperor gave orders to have a bed prepared for me.

during which time (その間に) [副] in the time that

give orders (命じる) [動] to command or direct with authority

have a bed prepared (ベッドを用意する) [動] to make a bed ready for use

その間に皇帝は私のためにベッドを用意するよう命じた。

Six hundred beds of the common measure were brought in carriages, and worked up in my house;

six hundred (六百) [数] 600

bed (ベッド) [名] a place to sleep

measure (大きさ) [名] the extent, size, or amount of something

work up (組み立てる) [動] to make or produce something

普通の大きさのベッドが六百台、馬車で運ばれてきて、私の家で組み立てられた。

a hundred and fifty of their beds, sewn together, made up the breadth and length;

a hundred and fifty (百五十) [名] the cardinal number that is the product of ten and fifteen

sew (縫う) [動] join, fasten, or repair by stitches

百五十台のベッドを縫い合わせて、幅と長さを合わせた。

and these were four double, which however kept me but very indifferently from the hardness of the floor, that was of smooth stone.

four (四重) [形] being one more than three

double (重ねる) [動] make or become twice as great or as many

keep (守る) [動] cause to remain in a specified state

indifferently (十分ではない) [副] to a moderate degree; fairly

floor (床) [名] the lower surface of a room, on which one may walk

stone (石) [名] a hard solid nonmetallic mineral matter of which rock is made, especially as a building material

これらは四重に重ねられたが、それでも滑らかな石でできた床の硬さから私を守るには十分ではなかった。

By the same computation they provided me with sheets, blankets, and coverlets, tolerable enough for one who had been so long inured to hardships as I.

by the same computation (同じ計算で) [副] in the same way

sheet (シーツ) [名] a large piece of cloth used as a bed covering

blanket (毛布) [名] a large piece of cloth material used as a covering

coverlet (掛け布団) [名] a bed covering

tolerable (耐えられる) [形] able to be endured

hardship (苦労) [名] something that is difficult to do or to endure

inure (慣れる) [動] accustom to something difficult or unpleasant

同じ計算で、彼らは私にシーツ、毛布、掛け布団を用意してくれたが、私のように長い間苦労に慣れてきた人間には十分耐えられるものだった。

As the news of my arrival spread through the kingdom it brought prodigious numbers of rich, idle, and curious people to see me;

spread (広まる) [動] become known or more widely known

bring (訪れる) [動] cause to come to a place

rich (金持ち) [形] having a great deal of money or property

idle (暇人) [形] not working or active

curious (好奇心旺盛な) [形] eager to know or learn something

私の到着のニュースが王国中に広まると、私を見に来る金持ち、暇人、好奇心旺盛な人々が驚くほど多く訪れた。

so that the villages were almost emptied, and great neglect of tillage and household affairs must have ensued if his imperial majesty had not provided by several proclamations and orders of state against this inconveniency.

village (村) [名] a small human settlement in a rural area

empty (空っぽ) [形] containing nothing

tillage (耕作) [名] the agricultural preparation of soil for growing crops

household (家事) [名] the work of managing a home

neglect (怠る) [動] fail to care for properly

ensue (もっとひどくなる) [動] happen or occur afterwards or as a result

そのため、村はほとんど空っぽになり、耕作や家事も大きく怠られることになったが、皇帝陛下がこの不都合に対して何度か布告や命令を出さなければ、もっとひどいことになっていただろう。

He directed that those who had already beheld me should return home and not presume to come within fifty yards of my house without license from court;

direct (命令する) [動] give instructions to; order

presume (近づく) [動] dare to do something

license (許可) [名] a permit from an authority to do something

皇帝は、すでに私を見た者は家に帰り、宮廷の許可なく私の家の五十ヤード以内に近づいてはならないという命令を出した。

whereby the secretaries of state got considerable fees.

whereby (そのため) [副] as a result of which

secretary (長官) [名] a person who is in charge of a government department

state (国務) [名] the government of a country

get (得る) [動] receive or be given something

そのため、国務長官たちはかなりの報酬を得た。

In the meantime the emperor held frequent councils to debate what course should be taken with me;

hold (開く) [動] organize and be in charge of

council (会議) [名] an assembly of people who are elected to make laws and decisions for a country or area

debate (議論する) [動] discuss or argue about (a subject)

course (扱い方) [名] a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end

その間に皇帝は、私をどう扱うべきかについて議論するために頻繁に会議を開いた。

and I was afterwards assured by a particular friend, a person of great quality, who was looked upon to be as much in the secret as any, that the court was under many difficulties concerning me.

afterwards (その後) [副] at a later time

particular (特別な) [形] of or relating to a single person, thing, or group

as much as (誰よりも) [副] to the same extent or degree

secret (秘密) [名] something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others

そして、私はその後、宮廷が私に関して多くの困難に直面していることを、誰よりも秘密を知っていると見なされていた、特別な友人である高貴な人から確信させられた。

They apprehended my breaking loose, that my diet would be very expensive and might cause a famine.

apprehend (心配する) [動] to be afraid or anxious about something

diet (食事) [名] the food and drink that a person regularly consumes

expensive (高くつく) [形] costing a lot of money

cause (起こる) [動] to make something happen

famine (飢饉) [名] a severe shortage of food

彼らは私が逃げ出すこと、私の食事が非常に高くつくことで飢饉が起こるかもしれないことを心配した。

Sometimes they determined to starve me, or at least to shoot me in the face and hands with poisoned arrows which would soon dispatch me;

starve (餓死させる) [動] die of hunger

poison (毒) [名] a substance that causes death or harm

dispatch (殺す) [動] kill

時々彼らは私を餓死させるか、少なくとも私をすぐに殺す毒矢で顔や手を射抜こうと決意した。

but again they considered that the stench of so large a carcass might produce a plague in the metropolis and probably spread through the whole kingdom.

but again (しかしまた) [副] on the other hand

stench (悪臭) [名] a strong and very unpleasant smell

carcass (死骸) [名] the dead body of an animal

produce (引き起こす) [動] cause to happen or exist

plague (疫病) [名] a contagious disease that causes high fever and delirium

spread (広がる) [動] stretch out over a wide area

しかし、彼らはまた、それほど大きな死骸の悪臭が首都で疫病を引き起こし、おそらく王国全体に広がるのではないかと考えた。

In the midst of these consultations several officers of the army went to the door of the great council chamber and two of them being admitted, gave an account of my behavior to the six criminals above mentioned;

in the midst of (最中に) [前] in the middle of

consultation (協議) [名] a meeting of people for discussion and advice

army (軍) [名] the military forces of a country

go to (行く) [動] move or travel toward

chamber (部屋) [名] a large room, especially one used for formal meetings

be admitted (入室を許される) [動] be allowed to enter

give an account of (報告する) [動] to explain or describe something

behavior (行動) [名] the way that someone acts

criminal (犯罪者) [名] a person who has committed a crime

これらの協議の最中に、軍の将校数名が大評議会の部屋の扉に行き、そのうちの2人が入室を許され、上記の6人の犯罪者に対する私の行動を報告した。

which made so favorable an impression in the breast of his majesty and the whole board in my behalf that an imperial commission was issued out, obliging all the villages nine hundred yards round the city, to deliver in every morning six beeves, forty sheep, and other victuals for my sustenance;

make an impression (印象を与える) [動] to have an effect on someone or something

board (評議会) [名] a group of people who manage or direct an organization

behalf (利益) [名] the interest of a person or group

imperial (皇帝の) [形] of or relating to an empire or emperor

commission (命令) [名] an official order or command

issue (発令する) [動] to officially or formally announce or declare

deliver (届ける) [動] to take or send something to a person or place

morning (朝) [名] the period of time from sunrise to noon

beeve (牛) [名] a cow or bull raised for beef

sheep (羊) [名] an animal that is often kept for its wool or its meat

sustenance (食料) [名] food and drink regarded as a source of nourishment

それが陛下と評議会全体の胸に私に有利な印象を与えたので、皇帝の命令が発令され、市の周囲900ヤードのすべての村に、私の食料として毎日朝に牛6頭、羊40頭、その他の食料を届けることを義務付けた。

together with a proportionable quantity of bread, and wine and other liquors;

together with (一緒に) [副] in addition to

proportionable (相応の) [形] being in proportion

quantity (量) [名] the amount or number of a material or immaterial thing

bread (パン) [名] a food made of flour or meal that has been mixed with a liquid, usually water, and kneaded, shaped, and baked

それに相応の量のパンとワインやその他の酒類も一緒に。

for the due payment of which his majesty gave assignments upon his treasury.

due payment (支払い) [名] the money that is owed

treasury (国庫) [名] the place where the money of a government or organization is kept

その支払いのために陛下は国庫から支出を割り当てた。

For this prince lives chiefly upon his own demesnes, seldom except upon great occasions raising any subsidies upon his subjects, who are bound to attend him in his wars at their own expense.

live (生活する) [動] be alive

chiefly (主に) [副] for the most part; mainly

own (自分の) [形] belonging to (the person or thing mentioned)

demesnes (領地) [名] land attached to a manor and retained by the lord for his own use

seldom (めったに~ない) [副] not often; rarely

occasion (場合) [名] a particular time or event

raise (徴収する) [動] collect or levy

subsidy (補助金) [名] a sum of money granted by the state or a public body to help an industry or business keep the price of a commodity or service low

subject (臣下) [名] a person who owes allegiance to a monarch or other ruler

war (戦争) [名] a state of armed conflict between different nations or states or different groups within a nation or state

というのも、この皇帝は主に自分の領地で生活しており、臣下から補助金を徴収するのは特別な場合を除いてめったになく、臣下は戦争の際には自費で皇帝に従軍する義務がある。

An establishment was also made of six hundred persons to be my domestics, who had board-wages allowed for their maintenance and tents built for them very conveniently on each side of my door.

establishment (配置) [名] the act of establishing something

six hundred (600) [数] the number 600

domestic (召使) [名] a person who works in a house

board-wages (食事代) [名] money paid to an employee for food

maintenance (生活費) [名] the cost of maintaining something

tent (テント) [名] a portable shelter made of fabric

conveniently (便利に) [副] in a convenient manner

私の召使として600人の人員が配置され、彼らの生活費として食事代が支給され、私のドアの両側に彼らのために非常に便利なテントが建てられた。

It was likewise ordered that three hundred tailors should make me a suit of clothes after the fashion of the country;

be ordered (命じられる) [動] be given an order

three hundred (300) [数] three times one hundred

tailor (仕立て屋) [名] a person who makes clothes

make (仕立てる) [動] create or construct something

suit (服) [名] a set of clothes

fashion (流行) [名] a popular trend

同様に、300人の仕立て屋がこの国の流行に従って私に服を仕立てるように命じられた。

that six of his majesty’s greatest scholars should be employed to instruct me in their language;

greatest (最も優れた) [形] of the highest quality or eminence

scholar (学者) [名] a person who has studied a subject for a long time and knows a lot about it

instruct (教える) [動] teach or educate

陛下の最も優れた学者6人が私に彼らの言語を教えるように命じられた。

and, lastly, that the emperor’s horses, and those of the nobility and troops of guards, should be frequently exercised in my sight, to accustom themselves to me.

nobility (貴族) [名] the highest social class in some countries

troop (近衛兵) [名] a group of soldiers, especially the smallest subdivision of a cavalry unit

accustom (慣れる) [動] make or become used to something

sight (目の前) [名] the ability or act of seeing

exercise (運動) [動] perform physical activity to stay healthy or become stronger

そして最後に、皇帝の馬や貴族や近衛兵の馬が私に慣れるように、私の目の前で頻繁に運動させられることになった。

All these orders were duly put in execution, and in about three weeks I made a great progress in learning their language;

duly (適切に) [副] in a proper or appropriate manner

put in (実行する) [動] to carry out or perform

execution (実行) [名] the carrying out of a plan, order, or course of action

week (週間) [名] a period of seven days

progress (進歩) [名] forward or onward movement toward a destination

learn (学ぶ) [動] gain knowledge or skills

これらの命令はすべて適切に実行され、約3週間で私は彼らの言語を学ぶのに大きな進歩を遂げた。

during which time the emperor frequently honored me with his visits, and was pleased to assist my masters in teaching me.

during which time (その間) [名] the period of time during which something happens

frequently (頻繁に) [副] often; many times

honor (訪問して下さり) [動] regard with great respect

visit (訪問) [名] the act of going or coming to see a person or place socially, as a tourist, or on business

assist (手伝って下さった) [動] give support or help to

master (教師) [名] a person who has control over another person or thing

teach (教える) [動] impart knowledge to or instruct (someone) as to how to do something

その間、皇帝は頻繁に私を訪問して下さり、私の教師が私を教えるのを喜んで手伝って下さった。

We began already to converse together in some sort;

converse (会話する) [動] talk with someone

私たちはすでにある程度会話を始めていた。

and the first words I learned were to express my desire that he would please to give me my liberty;

express (表現する) [動] show or convey (a thought or feeling)

desire (願い) [名] a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen

そして私が最初に覚えた言葉は、皇帝が私に自由を与えてくれるようにという私の願いを表現するものだった。

which I every day repeated on my knees.

every day (毎日) [副] on a daily basis

on one's knees (跪いて) [副] in a kneeling position

それを私は毎日跪いて繰り返した。

His answer, as I could apprehend it, was that this must be a work of time, not to be thought on without the advice of his council, and that first I must _lumos kelmin pesso desmar lon emposo_; that is, swear a peace with him and his kingdom: however, that I should be used with all kindness, and he advised me to acquire, by my patience and discreet behavior the good opinion of himself and his subjects.

work (仕事) [名] an activity involving mental or physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose of result

advice (助言) [名] an opinion or recommendation offered as a guide to action, conduct, or procedure

swear (誓う) [動] make a solemn statement or promise undertaking to do something or affirming that something is the case

peace (和平) [名] a state or period of mutual concord with no fighting or war

patience (忍耐) [名] the capacity to accept or tolerate delay, problems, or suffering without becoming annoyed or anxious

discreet (慎重な) [形] careful and circumspect in one's speech or actions, especially in order to avoid causing offense or to gain an advantage

opinion (評価) [名] a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge

私の理解できる限りでは、皇帝の答えは、これは時間のかかる仕事であり、評議会の助言なしには考えられない、そしてまず私は_lumos kelmin pesso desmar lon emposo_、つまり皇帝とその王国との和平を誓わなければならないというものだった。しかし、私はあらゆる親切をもって扱われるべきであり、皇帝は私に忍耐と慎重な行動によって皇帝自身とその臣下から良い評価を得るようにと忠告した。

He desired I would not take it ill if he gave orders to certain proper officers to search me;

take it ill (悪く思う) [動] be offended

give orders (命令する) [動] tell someone to do something

search (捜索する) [動] look for something

皇帝は、私を捜索するよう適切な役人に命令しても悪く思わないでほしいと頼んだ。

for probably I might carry about me several weapons, which must needs be dangerous things, if they answered the bulk of so prodigious a person.

carry (持ち歩く) [動] take or bring with oneself

weapon (武器) [名] an object or device that is used or intended to be used to cause bodily harm or physical damage

need (違いない) [動] be obliged or compelled to

thing (もの) [名] an object that one need not, cannot, or does not wish to give a specific name to

というのも、私はおそらくいくつかの武器を持ち歩いているだろうし、それらがもしそれほど巨大な人物の体格に見合ったものなら、危険なものに違いないからだ。

I said his majesty should be satisfied, for I was ready to strip myself and turn up my pockets before him.

be satisfied (満足する) [動] be content with something

strip (脱ぐ) [動] take off one's clothes

turn up (ひっくり返す) [動] to cause to be in an upward position

私は陛下が満足されるだろうと言った。というのも、私は服を脱いでポケットをひっくり返す準備ができていたからだ。

This I delivered part in words and part in signs.

deliver (伝える) [動] to give or send something to someone

sign (身振り) [名] a gesture or movement of the hands or body

これを私は言葉と身振りで伝えた。

He replied that, by the laws of the kingdom I must be searched by two of his officers;

law (法律) [名] a rule or set of rules that is made by the government of a country or state

search (捜索) [動] examine (someone or something) thoroughly in order to find something

皇帝は、この国の法律では、私は二人の役人に捜索されなければならないと答えた。

that he knew this could not be done without my consent and assistance;

consent (同意) [名] permission for something to happen or agreement to do something

皇帝は、私の同意と協力なしにはそれができないことを知っていた。

that he had so good an opinion of my generosity and justice as to trust their persons in my hands;

have so good an opinion of (高く評価する) [動] have a high opinion of

generosity (寛大さ) [名] the quality of being kind and generous

justice (正義) [名] the quality of being just; righteousness

皇帝は私の寛大さと正義を高く評価し、私の手に彼らの身を委ねるほどだった。

that whatever they took from me should be returned when I left the country or paid for at the rate which I would set upon them.

whatever (何であれ) [代] no matter what

take from (取り上げる) [動] remove or withdraw something from

pay for (支払う) [動] give money in exchange for

rate (レート) [名] a measure, quantity, or frequency, typically one measured against some other quantity or measure

彼らが私から取り上げたものは、私が国を去るときに返すか、私が決めたレートで支払われるべきだ。

I took up the two officers in my hands, put them first into my coat pockets and then into every other pocket about me, except my two fobs, and another secret pocket which I had no mind should be searched, wherein I had some little necessaries that were of no consequence to any but myself.

take up (つかむ) [動] to grasp or grip

coat (上着) [名] a garment worn on the upper body for warmth

fob (時計鎖) [名] a short chain attached to a pocket watch

another (もう一つの) [限] used to refer to an additional person or thing of the same type as one already mentioned or known about

secret (秘密の) [形] not known or seen or not meant to be known or seen by others

wherein (その中に) [副] in which

little (小さな) [形] small in size

necessaries (必需品) [名] something that is essential or very important

consequence (意味) [名] the effect or result of an action or condition

myself (私以外) [代] the person or thing that is the object of a reflexive action

私は二人の役人を両手でつかみ、まず上着のポケットに入れ、それから私の二つの時計鎖と、私以外には何の意味もない小さな必需品を入れていた、捜索されたくないもう一つの秘密のポケットを除いて、私の周りにある他のすべてのポケットに入れた。

In one of my fobs there was a silver watch and in the other a small quantity of gold in a purse.

silver (銀) [名] a white lustrous soft ductile malleable metal

purse (財布) [名] a small pouch of leather or plastic used for carrying money, typically by a woman

私の時計鎖の一つには銀の時計が入っており、もう一つには財布に少量の金が入っていた。

These gentlemen, having pen, ink, and paper about them, made an exact inventory of everything they saw;

gentleman (紳士) [名] a man who is well mannered, courteous, or honorable

pen (ペン) [名] a handheld device used for writing or drawing with ink

ink (インク) [名] a colored fluid or paste used for writing, drawing, or printing

paper (紙) [名] a material made of pressed fibers from plants, used for writing or printing on

make (作る) [動] create, produce, or bring into existence

inventory (目録) [名] a complete list of items such as property, goods in stock, or the contents of a building

everything (すべて) [名] all that exists; all that is included in a group or category

これらの紳士は、ペン、インク、紙を持ち、見たものすべてを正確に目録に記入した。

and when they had done, desired I would set them down, that they might deliver it to the emperor.

and when (そして、それが終わると) [接] and at the time that

they had done (彼らが終わると) [動] they had finished

desired (頼んだ) [動] wanted

I would set them down (私に彼らを下ろすように) [動] I would put them down

that they might deliver it to the emperor (彼らが皇帝に届けられるように) [接] so that they could deliver it to the emperor

そして、それが終わると、彼らは皇帝に届けられるように、私に彼らを下ろすように頼んだ。

This inventory I afterwards translated into English, and is word for word as follows:

translate (翻訳する) [動] express the sense of (words or text) in another language

English (英語) [名] the official language of the United Kingdom and the United States

for (について) [前] in favor of

follow (次の通りである) [動] go after someone or something

この目録は、後で私が英語に翻訳したもので、一語一語次の通りである。

“IMPRIMIS, In the right coat pocket of the great Man-mountain (for so I interpret the words _quinbus flestrin_), after the strictest search, we found only one great piece of coarse cloth, large enough to be a foot-cloth for your majesty’s chief room of state.

coarse (粗い) [形] rough or harsh in texture

cloth (布) [名] a piece of fabric

foot-cloth (足布) [名] a cloth put under the feet

chief (主要な) [形] most important

room (部屋) [名] a part of a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling

「第一に、大男山(私はクインバス・フレストリンと解釈する)の右上着ポケットに、厳重な捜索の後、陛下の主要な国事室の足布に十分な大きさの粗い布を1枚だけ発見した。

In the left pocket we saw a huge silver chest, with a cover of the same metal, which we the searchers were not able to lift.

huge (巨大な) [形] extremely large; immense

chest (箱) [名] a box with a lid for storing or transporting clothes and other articles

cover (蓋) [名] a thing that lies on or over something else

metal (金属) [名] any of a class of elementary substances that are usually shiny, hard, and brittle, and that conduct heat and electricity

searcher (捜索員) [名] a person who searches

左ポケットには、同じ金属の蓋のついた巨大な銀の箱があったが、捜索員は持ち上げることができなかった。

We desired it should be opened, and one of us stepping into it, found himself up to the mid-leg in a sort of dust, some part whereof flying up to our faces, set us both a-sneezing several times together.

desire (頼む) [動] to want or wish for

open (開放する) [動] to move a door or window so as to leave a space allowing access and vision

step (入る) [動] to move by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

find (埋もれる) [動] to discover or notice

mid-leg (足の半分) [名] the middle of the leg

sort (何か) [名] a kind, type, or class

dust (粉) [名] fine, dry powder consisting of tiny particles of earth or waste matter

fly (飛び散る) [動] to move through the air with wings or a winged structure

set (させる) [動] to cause to be or to become

我々はそれを開放して欲しいと頼み、我々の一人が中に入ると、足の半分まで何かの粉に埋もれ、その一部が顔に飛び散って、二人とも何度もくしゃみをした。

In his right waistcoat pocket we found a prodigious bundle of white thin substances, folded one over another, about the bigness of three men, tied with a strong cable and marked with black figures;

right (右の) [形] on or to the right side

waistcoat (チョッキ) [名] a vest

bundle (束) [名] a collection of things tied or wrapped together

white (白い) [形] of the color intermediate between black and gray

thin (薄い) [形] having little substance or quality

substance (物質) [名] a particular kind of matter with uniform properties

fold (重ねる) [動] bend (something flexible and relatively flat) over on itself so that one part lies on top of another

bigness (大きさ) [名] the property of being big

three (三人) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of one and two

cable (ケーブル) [名] a strong rope or chain

mark (書く) [動] make a visible impression on

black (黒い) [形] of the color darkest in value

figure (数字) [名] a number

右のチョッキのポケットには、三人分ほどの大きさの、白い薄い物質が何枚も重ねられ、丈夫なケーブルで縛られ、黒い数字が書かれた巨大な束があった。

which we humbly conceive to be writings, every letter almost half as large as the palm of our hands.

humbly (謙虚に) [副] in a humble manner

conceive (考える) [動] form an idea or opinion of

writing (文字) [名] the activity or skill of writing

letter (文字) [名] a symbol representing one or more of the sounds used in speech

palm (手のひら) [名] the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

我々はそれが文字であると考え、一文字が手のひらの半分ほどの大きさだった。

In the left there was a sort of engine, from the back of which were extended twenty long poles, resembling the palisadoes before your majesty’s court;

sort of (一種の) [名] a kind of; a type of

extend (伸びる) [動] to stretch out or cause to stretch out

palisadoes (柵) [名] a fence of wooden stakes or iron railings fixed in the ground

before (前) [前] earlier than; in front of

左には、陛下の宮廷の前にある柵に似た、背中から20本の長い棒が伸びた一種の機械があった。

wherewith we conjecture the Man-mountain combs his head, for we did not always trouble him with questions, because we found it a great difficulty to make him understand us.

wherewith (それで) [副] with which

comb (梳かす) [動] brush and tidy (the hair) with a comb

trouble (困らせる) [動] cause distress to

question (質問) [名] a statement asking for information

我々は、巨人が頭を梳かす道具だと推測したが、彼に理解してもらうのが非常に難しいとわかったので、いつも質問して彼を困らせるわけにはいかなかった。

In the large pocket on the right side of his middle cover (so I translate _ranfu-lo_, by which they meant my breeches), we saw a hollow pillar of iron, about the length of a man, fastened to a strong piece of timber larger than the pillar, and upon one side of the pillar were huge pieces of iron sticking out, cut into strange figures, which we know not what to make of.

middle (中間の) [形] being at the center of something

hollow (中空の) [形] having a space or cavity inside

pillar (柱) [名] a tall vertical structure of wood, metal, or stone, used as a support for a building, or as an ornament

stick out (突き出る) [動] project beyond the main surface or line

iron (鉄) [名] a strong, hard magnetic silvery-gray metal, the chemical element of atomic number 26, much used as a material for construction and manufacturing, especially in the form of steel

strange (奇妙な) [形] unusual or surprising in a way that is unsettling or hard to understand

figure (形) [名] a geometric shape, especially a two-dimensional one

know (わからない) [動] be aware of through observation, inquiry, or information

make of (使う) [動] form, produce, or create

彼の中間の覆いの右側にある大きなポケット(私はランフロと訳すのだが、彼らは私のズボンをそう呼んでいた)の中に、人間の背丈ほどもある中空の鉄の柱があり、柱よりも大きな頑丈な木材に固定されていて、柱の片側には巨大な鉄の塊が突き出ていて、奇妙な形に切られていて、何に使うものかわからない。

In the left pocket another engine of the same kind.

another (別の) [限] an additional; one more

左のポケットには同じ種類の別の機械があった。

In the smaller pocket on the right side, were several round flat pieces of white and red metal, of different bulk;

in (に) [前] inside

smaller (小さな) [形] of less than average size

round (丸い) [形] having a circular shape

flat (平たい) [形] having a level or even surface without raised areas or indentations

piece (もの) [名] a portion of something

red (赤) [形] of the color at the end of the spectrum next to orange and opposite violet, as of blood, fire, or rubies

different (異なる) [形] not the same as another or each other; unlike

右側の小さなポケットには、大きさの異なる白と赤の金属の丸い平たいものがいくつか入っていた。

some of the white, which seemed to be silver, were so large and heavy that my comrade and I could hardly lift them.

heavy (重い) [形] having great weight

comrade (仲間) [名] a person who shares one's activities or is a fellow member of an organization

hardly (ほとんどない) [副] with difficulty

銀製と思われる白いものの中には、私と仲間が持ち上げられないほど大きくて重いものもあった。

In the left pocket were two black pillars irregularly shaped;

irregularly (不規則な) [副] not regularly

左のポケットには、不規則な形をした黒い柱が二本入っていた。

we could not, without difficulty, reach the top of them, as we stood at the bottom of his pocket.

reach (たどり着く) [動] arrive at a destination

top (頂上) [名] the highest point of something

私たちはポケットの底に立っていたので、苦労せずにその頂上にたどり着くことはできなかった。

One of them was covered and seemed all of a piece;

seem (見える) [動] to appear to be; to have the appearance of

そのうちの一つは覆われており、一枚板のように見えた。

but at the upper end of the other there appeared a white round substance, about twice the bigness of our heads.

upper end (上端) [名] the top end

substance (物体) [名] a material thing

twice (二倍) [副] two times

しかし、もう一方の上端には、私たちの頭の二倍ほどの大きさの白い丸い物体が現れた。

Within each of these was inclosed a prodigious plate of steel;

was inclosed (封入されていた) [動] be surrounded or enclosed

plate (鋼板) [名] a flat, thin, rigid sheet of metal

steel (鋼) [名] a hard, strong metal alloy of iron and carbon

これらのそれぞれの中に、巨大な鋼板が封入されていた。

which, by our orders, we obliged him to show us, because we apprehended they might be dangerous engines.

by our orders (私たちの命令で) [名] by our command

oblige (強要する) [動] make someone do something

show (見せる) [動] cause or allow to be seen

私たちは、それが危険な機械かもしれないと心配したので、私たちの命令で、彼にそれを見せるように強要した。

He took them out of their cases, and told us that in his own country his practice was to shave his beard with one of these and to cut his meat with the other.

case (ケース) [名] a container for holding something

tell (言う) [動] communicate information, news, or a story to someone in spoken or written words

shave (剃る) [動] cut the hair off one's face with a razor

beard (髭) [名] the hair growing on a man's face

彼はそれをケースから取り出し、自分の国では、そのうちの一つで髭を剃り、もう一つで肉を切るのが習慣だと言った。

There were two pockets which we could not enter;

enter (入る) [動] go or come in

私たちが入ることができないポケットが二つあった。

these he called his fobs;

fob (懐中時計入れ) [名] a small pocket at the front of a pair of trousers

彼はそれを懐中時計入れと呼んだ。

they were two large slits cut into the top of his middle cover, but squeezed close by the pressure of his belly.

slit (スリット) [名] a long narrow cut or opening

cut (切られた) [動] make an opening, incision, or wound in

top (上部) [名] the highest or uppermost point, part, or level of something

cover (覆い) [名] something that lies on or over something else

pressure (圧力) [名] the exertion of force upon a surface by an object, fluid, etc., in contact with it

belly (腹) [名] the front of the human trunk below the ribs; the abdomen

それは彼の中間の覆いの上部に切られた二つの大きなスリットだったが、彼の腹の圧力によってぎゅっと閉じられていた。

Out of the right fob hung a great silver chain, with a wonderful kind of engine at the bottom.

out of (から) [前] from inside

hang (垂れ下がる) [動] be suspended or supported from above

silver (銀の) [形] made of silver

右の懐中時計入れからは、大きな銀の鎖が垂れ下がっており、その先端には素晴らしい機械が付いていた。

We directed him to draw out whatever was fastened to that chain, which appeared to be a globe, half silver, and half of some transparent metal;

draw out (取り出す) [動] take out

appear (ようだった) [動] seem

globe (地球儀) [名] a spherical representation of the earth

transparent (透明な) [形] see-through

私たちは彼に、その鎖につながれているものを何であれ取り出すように指示した。それは半分が銀で、半分が透明な金属でできた地球儀のようだった。

for on the transparent side we saw certain strange figures circularly drawn, and thought we could touch them till we found our fingers stopped by that lucid substance.

certain (ある) [形] particular

figure (図形) [名] a geometric shape

circularly (円形に) [副] in a circular manner

draw (描く) [動] produce a picture or diagram by making lines and marks

think (思う) [動] have an opinion about something

touch (触れる) [動] come into or be in contact with

finger (指) [名] any of the four long thin parts at the end of the hand

stop (阻まれる) [動] prevent from happening or from doing something

lucid (透明な) [形] clear and easy to understand

透明な側には、円形に描かれた奇妙な図形が見え、指がその透明な物質に阻まれるまで触れられると思った。

He put his engine to our ears, which made an incessant noise, like that of a watermill;

put (当てる) [動] move something into a specified place

ear (耳) [名] the organ of hearing and balance in humans and other vertebrates

make (立てる) [動] cause to be or become

incessant (絶え間ない) [形] continuing without interruption

watermill (水車) [名] a mill that is powered by a water wheel

彼は私たちの耳に機械を当てたが、それは水車のような絶え間ない音を立てた。

and we conjecture it is either some unknown animal or the god that he worships;

either (どちらか) [接] used to indicate a choice or alternative between two things

unknown (未知の) [形] not known or familiar

worship (崇拝する) [動] show reverence and adoration for (a deity)

私たちは、それが未知の動物か、彼が崇拝する神のどちらかだと推測している。

but we are more inclined to the latter opinion, because he assures us (if we understood him right, for he expressed himself very imperfectly) that he seldom did anything without consulting it.

be inclined to (傾いている) [動] be likely or disposed to

latter (後者) [形] the second of two things mentioned

consult (相談する) [動] seek information or advice from

しかし、私たちは後者の意見に傾いている。なぜなら、彼は(私たちが彼を正しく理解していれば、彼は非常に不完全な表現をしていたので)それに相談せずに何かをすることはめったにないと断言しているからだ。

He called it his oracle, and said it pointed out the time for every action of his life.

oracle (神託) [名] a shrine dedicated to a god or gods, especially in the classical world

point out (指摘する) [動] indicate or make reference to

action (行動) [名] the fact or process of doing something, typically to achieve an aim

彼はそれを自分の神託と呼び、人生のあらゆる行動の時期を指摘していると言った。

From the left fob he took out a net almost large enough for a fisherman, but contrived to open and shut like a purse, and which served him for the same use;

left (左の) [形] on or to the left side

net (網) [名] a mesh of cords or wires

fisherman (漁師) [名] a person engaged in fishing

open (開閉できるように) [動] move a door or window so as to leave a space allowing access and vision

shut (開閉できるように) [動] move a door or window so as to block an opening

contrive (工夫する) [動] plan or achieve something in a clever and skillful way

serve (使われる) [動] perform a specified function

左の懐中時計入れからは、漁師が使うのに十分な大きさの網を取り出したが、財布のように開閉できるように工夫されており、同じ用途に使われていた。

we found therein several massy pieces of yellow metal, which, if they be real gold, must be of immense value.

therein (そこに) [副] in that place

massy (塊の) [形] consisting of a large mass

yellow (黄色い) [形] of the color intermediate between green and orange in the spectrum

real (本物の) [形] not imitation or artificial; genuine

immense (莫大な) [形] very great in size, amount, or degree

そこには黄色い金属の塊がいくつかあり、もしそれが本物の金ならば、莫大な価値があるに違いない。

“Having thus, in obedience to your majesty’s commands, diligently searched all his pockets, we observed a girdle about his waist, made of the hide of some prodigious animal, from which, on the left side, hung a sword of the length of five men;

in obedience to (従い) [前] in accordance with

command (命令) [名] an authoritative order

diligently (丹念に) [副] in a way that shows care and effort in your work or duties

waist (腰) [名] the part of the human body below the ribs and above the hips

girdle (帯) [名] a belt or band worn around the waist

hide (皮) [名] the skin of an animal

left (左側) [形] on or towards the side of a person or thing that is to the west when the person or thing is facing north

「陛下のご命令に従い、彼のポケットをすべて丹念に調べたところ、彼の腰に巨大な動物の皮でできた帯が巻かれているのに気づきました。その左側には、5人の人間の長さの剣が吊り下げられていました。

and on the right a bag or pouch divided into two cells, each cell capable of holding three of your majesty’s subjects.

on the right (右側に) [副] on or to the right side

bag (袋) [名] a container made of flexible material with an opening at the top

pouch (ポーチ) [名] a small bag of leather or plastic used for carrying small articles

divide (分かれる) [動] separate into two or more parts

cell (部屋) [名] a small room in a prison or police station

hold (入る) [動] have or contain within

右側には二つの部屋に分かれた袋やポーチがあり、それぞれの部屋には陛下の臣下三人が入ることができます。

In one of these cells were several globes or balls of a most ponderous metal, about the bigness of our heads, and required a strong hand to lift them;

globe (球体) [名] a round object with a map of the world on it

ball (球) [名] a round object that is thrown, hit, or kicked in a game

ponderous (重い) [形] of very great weight

require (必要とする) [動] need for a particular purpose

そのうちの一つの部屋には、私たちの頭ほどの大きさの、とても重い金属の球体がいくつかあり、持ち上げるには強い力が必要でした。

the other cell contained a heap of certain black grains, but of no great bulk or weight, for we could hold above fifty of them in the palms of our hands.

contain (ある) [動] have or hold within

heap (山) [名] a large number or amount of something

grain (粒) [名] a small, hard, dry seed, with or without an outer covering, produced by a plant

もう一つの部屋には、黒い粒の山がありましたが、それほど大きくも重くもなく、手のひらに50個以上乗せることができました。

“This is an exact inventory of what we found about the body of the Man-mountain, who used us with great civility, and due respect to your majesty’s commission.

exact (正確な) [形] not deviating from truth or fact

「これが、私たちが人間山の身体について発見したものの正確な目録です。彼は私たちをとても丁寧に扱い、陛下のご命令に敬意を払ってくれました。

Signed and sealed on the fourth day of the eighty-ninth moon of your majesty’s auspicious reign.”

sign (署名する) [動] write one's name on

seal (封印する) [動] close or fasten securely

fourth (四日目) [形] coming after three others in a series

eighty-ninth (八十九番目) [形] coming after eighty-eight others in a series

moon (月) [名] a natural satellite of the earth

auspicious (縁起の良い) [形] giving or indicating a good chance of success; favorable

reign (治世) [名] the period during which a sovereign rules

陛下のご治世の八十九番目の月の四日目に署名、封印されました。」

CLEFREN FRELOCK, MARSI FRELOCK.

CLEFREN FRELOCK (クレフレン・フレロック) [名] a name

MARSI FRELOCK (マルシ・フレロック) [名] a name

クレフレン・フレロック、マルシ・フレロック

When this inventory was read over to the emperor he directed me, although in very gentle terms, to deliver up the several particulars.

read over (読み上げる) [動] read aloud

gentle (穏やかな) [形] not rough or violent; mild, moderate, or slight

term (言葉) [名] a word or phrase used to describe a thing or to express a concept, especially in a particular kind of language or branch of knowledge

この目録が皇帝に読み上げられると、皇帝は私に、非常に穏やかな言葉ではあったが、いくつかの品物を差し出すように指示した。

He first called for my scimitar, which I took out, scabbard and all.

call for (要求する) [動] to demand or ask for

scimitar (三日月刀) [名] a short sword with a curved blade

皇帝はまず私の三日月刀を要求したので、私は鞘もろとも取り出した。

In the meantime he ordered three thousand of his choicest troops (who then attended him) to surround me at a distance, with their bows and arrows just ready to discharge;

three thousand (三千) [名] the number 3000

choicest (選りすぐりの) [形] of the best quality

surround (囲む) [動] be around something on all sides

distance (遠巻き) [名] the space between two points

その間に皇帝は、(その時皇帝に随行していた)選りすぐりの三千の兵士に、弓矢を放つ準備を整えて、私を遠巻きに囲むように命じた。

but I did not observe it, for my eyes were wholly fixed upon his majesty.

fix (じっと見つめる) [動] direct steadily

majesty (皇帝陛下) [名] a title of respect for a king or queen

しかし、私は皇帝陛下をじっと見つめていたので、それには気づかなかった。

He then desired me to draw my scimitar, which, although it had got some rust by the sea water, was in most parts exceeding bright.

draw (抜く) [動] to pull out

rust (錆びる) [動] to become corroded

sea water (海水) [名] water from the sea

bright (輝く) [形] giving out or reflecting much light; shining

それから皇帝は私に三日月刀を抜くように求めたが、それは海水で少し錆びていたものの、ほとんどの部分が非常に輝いていた。

I did so, and immediately all the troops gave a shout between terror and surprise;

do so (そうする) [動] do the same thing

all (全ての) [限] the whole quantity or extent of

give (上げる) [動] cause to be received

between (間で) [前] in the interval separating two points in time or space or two objects or events

私はそうしたが、すぐに全軍が恐怖と驚きの間で叫び声を上げた。

for the sun shone clear, and the reflection dazzled their eyes as I waved the scimitar to and fro in my hand.

shine (輝く) [動] be bright; be radiant

clear (明るい) [形] bright; full of light

reflection (反射) [名] the throwing back by a surface of light, heat, or sound without absorbing it

dazzle (眩ませる) [動] blind temporarily by a bright light

wave (振る) [動] move one's hand to and fro in greeting or as a signal

太陽が明るく輝き、私が三日月刀を手に前後に振ると、その反射が彼らの目を眩ませたからである。

His majesty, who is a most magnanimous prince, was less daunted than I could expect;

His majesty (皇帝陛下) [名] a title used to refer to a king or queen

most magnanimous (最も寛大な) [形] very generous or forgiving

prince (君主) [名] a male member of a royal family

less (よりも) [形] not as much or as many

daunted (恐れる) [動] be intimidated by

最も寛大な君主である皇帝陛下は、私が期待するよりも恐れていなかった。

he ordered me to return it into the scabbard and cast it on the ground as gently as I could, about six feet from the end of my chain.

cast (投げる) [動] throw forcefully

gently (静かに) [副] in a gentle manner

six feet (六フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 36 inches

end (端) [名] the final part of something

皇帝は私に刀を鞘に収めて、鎖の端から約六フィート離れた地面にできるだけ静かに投げるように命じた。

The next thing he demanded was one of the hollow iron pillars, by which he meant my pocket pistols.

next (次に) [形] immediately following the time of writing

demand (要求する) [動] ask authoritatively or urgently

pistol (ピストル) [名] a small firearm that can be held in one hand

次に皇帝が要求したのは、中空の鉄の柱の一つで、それは私のポケットピストルのことだった。

I drew it out, and at his desire, as well as I could, expressed to him the use of it;

draw out (抜く) [動] pull out

at one's desire (希望に応じて) [名] in accordance with one's wish

as well as one can (できるだけ) [副] to the best of one's ability

express (説明する) [動] convey in words

私はそれを抜き、皇帝の希望に応じて、できるだけその使い方を説明した。

and charging it only with powder, which by the closeness of my pouch happened to escape wetting in the sea (an inconvenience against which all prudent mariners take special care to provide), I first cautioned the emperor not to be afraid, and then I let it off in the air.

charge (装填する) [動] to load or fill with something

powder (火薬) [名] a dry substance consisting of very small particles

closeness (密閉) [名] the state of being close or near

escape (濡れずに済む) [動] to get free from a dangerous or unpleasant situation

inconvenience (不便) [名] something that causes trouble or difficulty

provide (準備する) [動] to make available for use; supply

caution (注意する) [動] to warn or advise someone to be careful

afraid (恐れる) [形] feeling fear or worry

let off (放つ) [動] to allow to escape or go free

そして、火薬だけを装填し、私のポーチが密閉されていたので、海で濡れずに済んだ(すべての賢明な船員が特別な注意を払って準備する不便)ので、私はまず皇帝に恐れないように注意し、それから空中に放った。

The astonishment here was much greater than at the sight of the scimitar.

ここでの驚きは、三日月刀を見たときよりもずっと大きかった。

Hundreds fell down as if they had been struck dead;

hundreds (何百人も) [名] a large number of people or things

fall down (倒れる) [動] move from a standing or upright position to a lying or sitting position

strike dead (殴り殺す) [動] kill by hitting

何百人もの人々が、まるで殴り殺されたかのように倒れた。

and even the emperor, although he stood his ground, could not recover himself in some time.

even (でさえ) [副] to a greater extent than usual

stand one's ground (立っている) [動] to maintain one's position

recover (我に返る) [動] to return to a normal state

some time (しばらく) [名] a period of time

皇帝でさえ、立っていたにもかかわらず、しばらくは我に返ることができなかった。

I delivered up both my pistols in the same manner as I had done my scimitar, and then my pouch of powder and bullets;

deliver up (差し出す) [動] to give or send something to someone

bullet (弾丸) [名] a small metal projectile that is fired from a gun

私は三日月刀と同じように両方のピストルを差し出し、それから火薬と弾丸の入ったポーチを差し出した。

begging him that the former might be kept from the fire, for it would kindle with the smallest spark and blow up his imperial palace into the air.

beg (頼む) [動] ask for something earnestly

former (火薬) [名] the first of two things mentioned

keep (遠ざける) [動] not allow to come near

fire (火) [名] the state of burning that produces heat and light

kindle (燃え上がる) [動] catch fire

smallest (小さな) [形] of the least size

spark (火花) [名] a small fiery particle

blow up (吹き飛ばす) [動] explode

imperial palace (皇居) [名] the official residence of the emperor of Japan

火薬は火から遠ざけておくようにと頼んだ。火薬は小さな火花でも燃え上がり、皇居を空中に吹き飛ばしてしまうからだ。

I likewise delivered up my watch, which the emperor was very curious to see, and commanded two of his tallest yeomen of the guards to bear it on a pole upon their shoulders, as draymen in England do a barrel of ale.

yeoman (従士) [名] a man owning and cultivating a small farm

bear (担ぐ) [動] to carry

drayman (荷馬車屋) [名] a person who drives a dray

barrel (樽) [名] a round wooden container with flat ends

ale (ビール) [名] a type of beer

私は同様に時計を差し出したが、皇帝はそれをとても見たがり、イギリスの荷馬車屋がビール樽を運ぶように、護衛の最も背の高い従士の二人に、それを棒に吊して肩に担ぐように命じた。

He was amazed at the continual noise it made, and the motion of the minute hand, which he could easily discern;

be amazed (驚く) [動] feel or show surprise

continual (絶え間ない) [形] continuing in an uninterrupted manner

minute hand (分針) [名] the long hand on a clock or watch that shows the minutes

discern (見分ける) [動] perceive or recognize the difference between two or more things

彼は時計が立てる絶え間ない音と、簡単に見分けられる分針の動きに驚いていた。

for their sight is much more acute than ours;

sight (視力) [名] the ability to sense light, and the eye's ability to see

much (ずっと) [副] to a great extent or degree

acute (鋭い) [形] having or showing a perceptive understanding; shrewd

彼らの視力は我々よりもずっと鋭いのだ。

and asked the opinions of his learned men about him, which were various and remote, as the reader may imagine without my repeating;

ask (求める) [動] request for something

various (さまざま) [形] different from one another

remote (的外れ) [形] far away in space or time

imagine (想像する) [動] form a mental image of something not present to the senses or never before wholly perceived in reality

そして、私について学者たちの意見を求めたが、それはさまざまで、私の繰り返しなしに読者が想像できる通り、的外れなものだった。

although, indeed, I could not very perfectly understand them.

although (もっとも) [接] in spite of the fact that

indeed (実際) [副] in fact; really; truly

perfectly (完全に) [副] in a perfect manner

もっとも、私は彼らの言うことを完全に理解することはできなかったのだが。

I then gave up my silver and copper money, my purse with nine large pieces of gold, and some smaller ones;

give up (差し出す) [動] hand over

silver (銀貨) [名] a shiny white metal

copper (銅貨) [名] a reddish-brown metal

nine (九枚) [数] one more than eight

それから私は銀貨と銅貨、九枚の大きな金貨といくつかの小さな金貨の入った財布を差し出した。

my knife and razor, my comb and silver snuff box, my handkerchief and journal book.

knife (ナイフ) [名] a cutting instrument with a blade and a handle

razor (カミソリ) [名] a bladed tool used to remove unwanted hair from the face or body

comb (櫛) [名] a strip of plastic, metal, or wood with a row of narrow teeth, used for untangling or arranging the hair

snuff box (嗅ぎタバコ入れ) [名] a small box for holding snuff

handkerchief (ハンカチ) [名] a square of cloth used for wiping the nose or mouth

journal book (日記帳) [名] a book in which one keeps a daily record of events and experiences

ナイフとカミソリ、櫛と銀の嗅ぎタバコ入れ、ハンカチと日記帳も差し出した。

My scimitar, pistols, and pouch were conveyed in carriages to his majesty’s stores, but the rest of my goods were returned me.

convey (運ぶ) [動] to take or carry from one place to another

store (倉庫) [名] a place where things are kept for future use

return (返却) [動] to give or send back

私の三日月刀、ピストル、弾薬袋は馬車で陛下の倉庫に運ばれたが、残りの品物は返却された。

I had, as I before observed, one private pocket which escaped their search, wherein there was a pair of spectacles (which I sometimes use for the weakness of my eyes) a pocket perspective, and some other little conveniences which, being of no consequence to the emperor, I did not think myself bound in honor to discover, and I apprehended they might be lost or spoiled if I ventured them out of my possession.

as I before observed (前にも述べたように) [句] as I said before

one private pocket (秘密のポケットを一つ) [名] a pocket that is not known to others

escape (逃れる) [動] get free from a situation

pair of spectacles (一対の眼鏡) [名] two lenses in a frame that are worn in front of a person's eyes to correct vision

weakness (弱さ) [名] the quality or state of being weak

pocket perspective (ポケット望遠鏡) [名] a small telescope that can be carried in a pocket

some other little conveniences (その他皇帝にとって重要ではない小さな便利品) [名] some other small items that are useful

of no consequence (重要ではない) [形] not important

bound in honor (義理はない) [形] not obligated to do something

venture (手放す) [動] risk doing something

possession (所有物) [名] something that is owned

前にも述べたように、私は彼らの捜索を逃れた秘密のポケットを一つ持っていて、そこには(私の目の弱さのために時々使う)一対の眼鏡、ポケット望遠鏡、その他皇帝にとって重要ではない小さな便利品が入っていたが、私はそれを差し出す義理はないと思ったし、もし手放したら紛失したり壊れたりするのではないかと心配した。

CHAPTER III

第三章

THE AUTHOR DIVERTS THE EMPEROR, AND HIS NOBILITY OF BOTH SEXES, IN A VERY UNCOMMON MANNER—THE DIVERSIONS OF THE COURT OF LILLIPUT DESCRIBED—THE AUTHOR HAS HIS LIBERTY GRANTED HIM, UPON CERTAIN CONDITIONS.

author (著者) [名] the writer of a book, article, or report

divert (楽しませる) [動] cause to change direction or course

both sexes (男女両方) [名] both male and female

very uncommon manner (非常に珍しい方法) [名] a way of doing something that is not usual or common

diversion (娯楽) [名] something that provides entertainment or amusement

describe (について) [動] give an account of something

grant (与える) [動] give or allow something to someone

certain condition (一定の条件) [名] a requirement that must be met in order for something to happen

著者は皇帝と男女両方の貴族を非常に珍しい方法で楽しませるーリリパットの宮廷の娯楽についてー著者は一定の条件の下で自由を与えられる。

My gentleness and good behavior had gained so far on the emperor and his court, and indeed upon the army and people in general, that I began to conceive hopes of getting my liberty in a short time.

gentleness (穏やかさ) [名] the quality of being gentle; mildness

good behavior (善良な振る舞い) [名] the act of behaving well

gain (好感を持たれる) [動] to get or win something

in general (一般に) [副] usually; in most cases

conceive (期待し始める) [動] to form an idea or opinion of

hope (希望) [名] a feeling of expectation and desire for something to happen

in a short time (短期間で) [副] in a brief period of time

私の穏やかで善良な振る舞いは、皇帝とその宮廷、そして軍隊や一般の人々にも好感を持たれ、私は短期間で自由を得られるのではないかと期待し始めていた。

I took all possible methods to cultivate this favorable disposition.

take (とる) [動] to get into one's possession, power, or control

all possible (あらゆる) [形] all that is possible

cultivate (育む) [動] to grow or tend

favorable (好意的な) [形] expressing approval or consent

私はこの好意的な態度を育むためにあらゆる方法をとった。

The natives came by degrees to be less apprehensive of any danger from me.

come by degrees (次第に) [動] happen gradually

less apprehensive (心配が減る) [形] worried or fearful about something that is happening or might happen

原住民たちは次第に私から危害を加えられる心配が減ってきた。

I would sometimes lie down and let five or six of them dance on my hand;

lie down (横になる) [動] get into a lying position

five or six (五、六) [名] the number 5 or 6

私は時々横になって、そのうちの五、六人に私の手の上で踊らせたりした。

and at last the boys and girls would venture to come and play at hide-and-seek in my hair.

at last (ついに) [副] finally

boy (少年) [名] a male child

girl (少女) [名] a female child

venture (するようになる) [動] to do something that is new or dangerous

hide-and-seek (かくれんぼ) [名] a game in which one or more players hide and the other players have to find them

そしてついに少年少女たちが私の髪の毛の中でかくれんぼをするようになった。

I had now made a good progress in understanding and speaking their language.

make progress (上達する) [動] become better at something

私は今や彼らの言葉を理解し話すことにかなり上達していた。

The emperor had a mind one day to entertain me with several of the country shows, wherein they exceed all nations I have known, both for dexterity and magnificence.

one day (ある日) [名] at some unspecified time in the future

entertain (もてなす) [動] provide with amusement or enjoyment

show (見世物) [名] a public entertainment or exhibition

exceed (優れている) [動] be greater or better than

nation (国) [名] a large group of people who share a language, culture, history, and usually a territory

ある日、皇帝は私をこの国のいくつかの見世物でもてなそうと思い立った。その見世物は、私が知っているどの国のものよりも、巧みさと壮麗さにおいて優れていた。

I was diverted with none so much as that of the rope dancers, performed upon a slender white thread, extended about two feet and twelve inches from the ground.

rope dancer (綱渡り芸人) [名] a person who performs acrobatic feats on a tightrope

thread (糸) [名] a long thin piece of cotton, nylon, or other fibers used in sewing or weaving

extend (張る) [動] stretch out so as to reach farther

私が最も楽しんだのは綱渡り芸人だったが、それは地面から約二フィート十二インチ張られた細い白い糸の上での演技だった。

Upon which I shall desire liberty, with the reader’s patience, to enlarge a little.

upon which (この点について) [副] on which

desire (乞う) [動] want or wish for

enlarge (詳しく述べる) [動] make or become bigger or more extensive

この点について、読者の忍耐を乞いつつ、少し詳しく述べたいと思う。

This diversion is only practiced by those persons who are candidates for great employments and high favor at court.

diversion (遊び) [名] an activity that is different from your usual work or routine

practice (行う) [動] do or carry out habitually or regularly

candidate (候補者) [名] a person who is being considered for a position, award, or prize

great employment (高官) [名] a person who has a high position in an organization or government

high favor (高位の寵臣) [名] a person who is liked or trusted by someone in a high position

この遊びは、宮廷で高官や高位の寵臣の候補者だけが行うものである。

They are trained in this art from their youth, and are not always of noble birth, or liberal education.

train (仕込む) [動] teach a particular skill or type of behavior

youth (若い頃) [名] the period of time when someone is young

art (芸) [名] the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination

noble (高貴な) [形] belonging to a family of high social rank

birth (生まれ) [名] the beginning of life

liberal (教養がある) [形] concerned with broadening a person's general knowledge and experience

彼らは若い頃からこの芸を仕込まれ、必ずしも高貴な生まれや教養があるわけではない。

When a great office is vacant, either by death or disgrace (which often happens), five or six of those candidates petition the emperor to entertain his majesty and the court with a dance on the rope;

office (役職) [名] a position of authority or responsibility

vacant (空く) [形] not filled or occupied

disgrace (失態) [名] a loss of reputation or respect

petition (申し出る) [動] make a formal request to

entertain (楽しませる) [動] provide amusement or enjoyment for

dance (踊り) [名] a series of movements that match the speed and rhythm of a piece of music

rope (綱) [名] a length of strong thick cord made by twisting together strands of fiber

死や失態(よくあることだが)によって高官の席が空くと、候補者の五、六人が皇帝に綱渡りで陛下と宮廷を楽しませたいと申し出る。

and whoever jumps the highest without falling succeeds in the office.

jump (跳ぶ) [動] move or cause to move up or down or from one place to another

high (高く) [副] to a great extent or degree

succeed (就く) [動] take over a position or role from someone

そして、落ちずに一番高く跳んだ者がその役職に就く。

Very often the chief ministers themselves are commanded to show their skill, and to convince the emperor that they have not lost their faculty.

very often (非常によく) [副] frequently

chief minister (大臣) [名] the head of a ministry

themselves (自身) [代] used to emphasize that the subject of the sentence is the person or thing mentioned

show (披露する) [動] to make visible or apparent

skill (技) [名] the ability to do something well

convince (納得させる) [動] to cause (someone) to believe or accept something

lose (失う) [動] to be deprived of or cease to have or retain

大臣自身が技を披露して、皇帝に能力を失っていないことを納得させるよう命じられることも多い。

Flimnap, the treasurer, is allowed to cut a caper on the straight rope, at least an inch higher than any other lord in the whole empire.

Flimnap (フリムナップ) [名] the treasurer

treasurer (財務大臣) [名] the person who is in charge of the finances of an organization

cut a caper (跳びはねる) [動] to jump or skip around in a playful way

straight rope (真っ直ぐな綱) [名] a rope that is not bent or curved

higher (より高く) [形] of greater vertical extent

any other (他のどの) [限] some other; any of the other

lord (大臣) [名] a person of great power or authority

empire (帝国) [名] a group of countries or states under the control of one ruler

財務大臣のフリムナップは、帝国中の他のどの大臣よりも少なくとも一インチ高く、真っ直ぐな綱の上で跳びはねることができる。

I have seen him do the somersault several times together upon a trencher fixed on the rope, which is no thicker than a common packthread in England.

I have seen (私は見たことがある) [動] I have seen

somersault (宙返り) [名] an acrobatic movement in which a person turns head over heels in the air

several times (何度も) [副] more than once

together (連続で) [副] in a group or in a joined manner

upon (上で) [前] on top of

trencher (木皿) [名] a wooden platter

fix (固定する) [動] attach or fasten securely

no thicker than (よりも太くない) [形] not thicker than

彼がイギリスの普通の麻紐よりも太くない綱に固定した木皿の上で、何度も連続で宙返りをするのを見たことがある。

My friend Reldresal, principal secretary for private affairs, is, in my opinion, if I am not partial, the second after the treasurer;

Reldresal (レルドレサル) [名] a character in Gulliver's Travels

principal secretary (主任秘書官) [名] the head of a secretariat

private affairs (私事) [名] matters that are not open to public knowledge or discussion

if I am not partial (私の偏見のない意見では) [句] if I am not biased

second (第二位) [名] the position in a sequence corresponding to the number two

私の友人で、私事担当の主任秘書官であるレルドレサルは、私の偏見のない意見では、財務大臣に次ぐ第二位である。

the rest of the great officers are much upon a par.

much (ほぼ) [副] to a great extent

upon (同等) [前] on

par (同等) [名] the usual or expected standard

他の高官はほぼ同等である。

These diversions are often attended with fatal accidents, whereof great numbers are on record.

attend (伴う) [動] go with or accompany

fatal (致命的な) [形] causing death

record (記録) [名] a permanent account of something that has been done or said

これらの余興はしばしば致命的な事故を伴い、その記録は数多く残っている。

I myself have seen two or three candidates break a limb.

I myself (私自身) [代] I

two or three (二人か三人) [名] two or three

break (折る) [動] cause to separate into pieces as a result of impact or stress

私自身も二人か三人の候補者が手足を折るのを見たことがある。

But the danger is much greater when the ministers themselves are commanded to show their dexterity;

minister (大臣) [名] a person appointed by a state leader to head a ministry

しかし、大臣自身がその器用さを示すよう命じられると、危険ははるかに大きくなる。

for, by contending to excel themselves and their fellows, they strain so far that there is hardly one of them who has not received a fall, and some of them two or three.

excel (優れている) [動] be better than

contend (競い合う) [動] compete with others

strain (張り切る) [動] make a strenuous or violent effort

fall (転倒) [名] the act of falling

two or three (二度も三度も) [名] two or three times

というのも、自分や仲間より優れていることを競い合うので、彼らはそこまで張り切るので、転倒したことのない者はほとんどおらず、中には二度も三度も転倒した者もいる。

I was assured that, a year or two before my arrival, Flimnap would infallibly have broke his neck, if one of the king’s cushions, that accidentally lay on the ground, had not weakened the force of his fall.

a year or two (一、二年前) [名] a period of time

infallibly (間違いなく) [副] in a way that is certain to happen or be true

cushion (座布団) [名] a soft object that is used to provide comfort or support

accidentally (偶然に) [副] by chance

weaken (弱める) [動] make or become weaker

fall (落下) [名] the act of moving from a higher to a lower position

私が到着する一、二年前に、もし偶然地面に落ちていた王の座布団の一つが彼の落下の力を弱めていなかったら、フリムナップは間違いなく首を折っていただろうと私は確信した。

There is likewise another diversion which is only shown before the emperor and empress, and first minister, upon particular occasions.

first minister (大臣) [名] the head of a government department

同様に、特別な機会に皇帝と皇后、そして大臣の前でのみ披露される別の余興がある。

The emperor lays on the table three fine silken threads of six inches long;

lay (置く) [動] put or set down

table (テーブル) [名] a piece of furniture with a flat top and one or more legs, providing a level surface for eating, writing, or working at

fine (細い) [形] of very high quality

silken (絹の) [形] made of silk

皇帝は長さ六インチの三本の細い絹糸をテーブルの上に置く。

one is purple, the other yellow, and the third white.

purple (紫) [名] a color intermediate between red and blue

yellow (黄色) [名] the color intermediate between green and orange in the visible spectrum

一本は紫、もう一本は黄色、三本目は白である。

These threads are proposed as prizes for those persons whom the emperor has a mind to distinguish by a peculiar mark of his favor.

propose (提示する) [動] put forward for consideration or discussion

prize (賞品) [名] something offered or won as a reward for victory or success

mind (しようとする) [名] one's intention; what one intends to do

peculiar (特別な) [形] strange or unusual

favor (恩寵) [名] an act of kindness beyond what is due or usual

これらの糸は、皇帝が特別な恩寵の印によって区別しようとする人物への賞品として提示される。

The ceremony is performed in his majesty’s great chamber of state, where the candidates are to undergo a trial of dexterity very different from the former, and such as I have not observed the least resemblance of in any other country of the old or the new world.

ceremony (儀式) [名] a formal event or series of acts that is performed in a traditional way

undergo (受ける) [動] experience or be subjected to

trial (試練) [名] a test of one's endurance or patience

least (似たようなもの) [形] smallest in amount, extent, or significance

resemblance (似たようなもの) [名] the state of being alike or similar

この儀式は陛下の大広間で行われ、候補者は前回とは全く異なる、そして私が新旧世界の他のどの国でも似たようなものを見たことがないような、器用さの試練を受ける。

The emperor holds a stick in his hands, both ends parallel to the horizon, while the candidates advancing, one by one, sometimes leap over the stick, sometimes creep under it, backwards and forwards, several times, according as the stick is advanced or depressed.

stick (棒) [名] a long thin piece of wood

both (両方) [形] the two

horizon (地平線) [名] the line at which the sky and the earth or sea seem to meet

one by one (一人ずつ) [副] individually

leap (飛び越える) [動] jump or spring a long way

according (合わせて) [前] in a way that agrees with or is appropriate to

depress (下げる) [動] move something to a lower position

皇帝は両端が地平線と平行になるように棒を両手で持ち、候補者は一人ずつ進み出て、棒が前後に動かされるのに合わせて、棒を飛び越えたり、下をくぐったり、前後に何度も繰り返す。

Sometimes the emperor holds one end of the stick, and his first minister the other;

sometimes (時には) [副] occasionally; at times

one end (片端) [名] one of the two ends of something

時には皇帝が棒の片端を持ち、もう一端を大臣が持つ。

sometimes the minister has it entirely to himself.

entirely (独り占めする) [副] completely; totally

時には大臣が棒を独り占めする。

Whoever performs his part with most agility and holds out the longest in leaping and creeping, is rewarded with the purple-colored silk;

part (役目) [名] a piece of something

agility (機敏さ) [名] the ability to move or think quickly and easily

hold out (続ける) [動] continue to do something

leap (跳躍) [名] a jump or a bound

reward (授与される) [動] give something to someone as a sign of appreciation for their services, efforts, or achievements

最も機敏に自分の役目を果たし、跳躍と這い回りを最も長く続けた者は、紫色の絹を授与される。

the yellow is given to the next, and the white to the third, which they all wear girt twice round about the middle;

next (次点) [形] coming immediately after the one mentioned

third (三番目) [形] coming after two others in a series

wear (着用する) [動] have on one's person as clothing

次点の者は黄色、三番目の者は白色の絹を授与され、いずれも腰に二重に巻いて着用する。

and you see few great persons about this court who are not adorned with one of these girdles.

adorn (身に着ける) [動] to decorate or embellish

宮廷の要人には、この帯を身に着けていない者はほとんどいない。

The horses of the army, and those of the royal stables, having been daily led before me, were no longer shy, but would come up to my very feet without starting.

royal (王室の) [形] of or relating to a king or queen or a member of their family

stable (厩舎) [名] a building in which horses are kept

daily (毎日) [副] every day

lead (連れてこられる) [動] cause to go with oneself by holding and guiding

shy (怖がる) [形] being reserved or having or showing nervousness or timidity in the company of other people

come up to (近寄る) [動] approach or reach a certain level or standard

foot (足元) [名] the end of the leg on which a person or animal stands or walks

start (驚く) [動] make a sudden movement or exclamation, especially as a result of being startled or surprised

軍馬や王室の馬は、毎日私の前に連れてこられるので、もう怖がらずに私の足元まで来るようになった。

The riders would leap them over my hand, as I held it on the ground;

rider (騎手) [名] a person who rides a horse

私が地面に手を置くと、騎手たちは馬を私の手の上を飛び越えさせた。

and one of the emperor’s huntsmen, upon a large courser, took my foot, shoe and all, which was indeed a prodigious leap.

huntsman (狩猟者) [名] a person who hunts

courser (馬) [名] a swift horse

take (飛び越える) [動] move or travel over, across, or through

shoe (靴) [名] an outer covering for the foot, typically made of leather, having a sturdy sole and not reaching above the ankle

all (ごと) [副] completely; totally

皇帝の狩猟者の一人は、大きな馬に乗って私の足を靴ごと飛び越えたが、これは確かに驚くべき跳躍だった。

I had the good fortune to divert the emperor one day after a very extraordinary manner.

have the good fortune to (幸運にも) [動] be lucky enough to

a very extraordinary manner (とても珍しい方法) [名] a very unusual way

ある日、私は幸運にも、とても珍しい方法で皇帝を楽しませることができた。

I desired he would order several sticks of two feet high, and the thickness of an ordinary cane, to be brought me;

two feet (二フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

thickness (太さ) [名] the distance through an object as measured from one side to the other

ordinary (普通の) [形] of the usual or common type

cane (杖) [名] a stick used to help a person walk

bring (持ってきてくれる) [動] to cause to come or go with oneself

私は、高さ二フィート、普通の杖の太さの棒を何本か持ってきてくれるように頼んだ。

whereupon his majesty commanded the master of his woods to give directions accordingly, and the next morning six woodmen arrived with as many carriages, drawn by eight horses to each.

majesty (皇帝) [名] a king or queen

wood (森) [名] a large area of land covered with trees

give direction (指示する) [動] tell someone what to do

next morning (翌朝) [名] the morning of the day after today

woodman (木こり) [名] a person who cuts down trees

draw (引く) [動] pull something

すると皇帝は、森の管理者にそのように指示するよう命じ、翌朝、六人の木こりが、それぞれ八頭の馬に引かれた六台の馬車で到着した。

I took nine of these sticks and fixing them firmly in the ground in a quadrangular figure, two feet and a half square, I took four other sticks and tied them parallel at each corner, about two feet from the ground;

quadrangular (四角形) [形] having four sides and four angles

corner (角) [名] the point or area where two or more sides or edges meet

私はこの棒を九本取り、二フィート半四方の四角形に地面にしっかりと固定し、さらに四本の棒を取り、地面から約二フィートの高さで各角に平行に結びつけた。

then I fastened my handkerchief to the nine sticks that stood erect, and extended it on all sides, till it was tight as the top of a drum;

extend (広げる) [動] stretch out or cause to stretch out

tight (張る) [形] held or tied together or drawn close

drum (ドラム) [名] a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow cylinder with a skin stretched over one or both ends

それから、ハンカチを直立した九本の棒に結びつけ、ドラムの上部のように張るまで四方に広げた。

and the four parallel sticks, rising about five inches higher than the handkerchief, served as ledges on each side.

about five inches (約五インチ) [名] a unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters

serve as (の役目を果たす) [動] to be used as

ledge (棚) [名] a narrow shelf or platform projecting from a wall or cliff

そして、ハンカチより約五インチ高くなっている四本の平行な棒が、両側の棚の役目を果たした。

When I had finished my work I desired the emperor to let a troop of his best horse, twenty-four in number, come and exercise upon this plane.

finish (終わる) [動] bring to an end; come to an end

let (連れてくる) [動] allow to

exercise (訓練) [名] activity requiring physical effort, carried out especially to sustain or improve health and fitness

作業が終わると、私は皇帝に、二十四頭の最も優れた馬の軍団をこの平地に連れてきて訓練させてほしいと頼んだ。

His majesty approved of the proposal, and I took them up one by one in my hands, ready mounted and armed, with the proper officers to exercise them.

approve (承認する) [動] officially agree to or accept something

proposal (提案) [名] a plan or suggestion, especially a formal or written one, put forward for consideration or discussion

take up (取り上げる) [動] to lift or raise something

ready (準備ができて) [形] in a state of readiness

mount (馬に乗る) [動] to climb up or onto something

arm (武装する) [動] to equip with or as if with weapons

proper (適切な) [形] truly or strictly so called

exercise (訓練する) [動] to use or apply something

陛下はその提案を承認し、私は馬を訓練する適切な将校たちと共に、馬に乗り武装した兵士たちを一人ずつ手に取り上げた。

As soon as they got into order they divided into two parties, performed mock skirmishes, discharged blunt arrows, drew their swords, fled and pursued, attacked and retired, and in short, discovered the best military discipline I ever beheld.

as soon as (するとすぐに) [接] at the moment that

get into order (整列する) [動] arrange in a systematic way

divide into (分かれる) [動] separate into parts

party (部隊) [名] a group of people who are organized for a particular purpose

mock (模擬) [形] not real or genuine

skirmish (戦闘) [名] a minor fight in a war

blunt (先端の丸い) [形] having a dull edge or point

flee (逃走) [動] run away from

pursue (追跡) [動] follow in order to catch or kill

attack (攻撃) [動] take aggressive action against

retire (退却) [動] withdraw

best (最高の) [形] of the most excellent kind

military (軍事) [形] of or relating to the armed forces

discipline (訓練) [名] training that produces orderliness, obedience, and self-control

彼らは整列するとすぐに二つの部隊に分かれ、模擬戦闘を行い、先端の丸い矢を放ち、剣を抜き、逃走と追跡、攻撃と退却を繰り返し、要するに、私が今まで見た中で最高の軍事訓練を見せてくれた。

The parallel sticks secured them and their horses from falling over the stage;

parallel (平行な) [形] having the same direction, course, or tendency

secure (落ちないようにする) [動] make safe; fix or fasten firmly

平行な棒は、彼らと馬がステージから落ちないようにしていた。

and the emperor was so much delighted that he ordered this entertainment to be repeated several days, and once was pleased to be lifted up and give the word of command;

be delighted (喜ぶ) [動] be very pleased

entertainment (催し) [名] an event, performance, or activity designed to entertain

several days (数日間) [名] more than two but not many days

once (一度) [副] on one occasion or for one time only

be pleased (喜ぶ) [動] be very pleased

be lifted up (持ち上げられる) [動] be raised to a higher position

give the word of command (指揮を執る) [動] give an order or command

皇帝は非常に喜び、この催しを数日間繰り返すように命じ、一度は持ち上げられて指揮を執ることを喜んだ。

and, with great difficulty, persuaded even the empress herself to let me hold her in her close chair within two yards of the stage, from whence she was able to take a full view of the whole performance.

with great difficulty (非常に困難なことに) [副] in a very difficult way

persuade (説得する) [動] cause (someone) to do something by reasoning with them or giving them advice

take a full view (十分に見ることができる) [動] see or understand something completely

そして、非常に困難なことに、皇后陛下でさえも、私がステージから2ヤード以内の彼女の椅子に座らせてくれるよう説得し、そこから彼女は演技全体を十分に見ることができた。

It was my good fortune that no ill accident happened in these entertainments;

good fortune (幸運) [名] good luck

ill accident (事故) [名] an unfortunate event that happens unexpectedly and usually results in harm or damage

幸いにも、これらの催しでは事故は起こらなかった。

only once a fiery horse that belonged to one of the captains, pawing with his hoof, struck a hole in my handkerchief, and, his foot slipping, he overthrew his rider and himself;

only once (ただ一度だけ) [副] on one occasion only

fiery (気性の荒い) [形] having a strong and passionate temperament

belong to (所有する) [動] be owned by

captain (隊長) [名] the person in charge of a ship

hoof (ひづめ) [名] the horny part of the foot of an animal

strike a hole (穴を開ける) [動] make a hole

slip (滑る) [動] lose one's footing

overthrow (転倒する) [動] fall over

ただ一度だけ、隊長の一人が所有する気性の荒い馬が、ひづめで私のハンカチに穴を開け、足を滑らせて乗り手もろとも転倒した。

but I immediately relieved them both, and, covering the hole with one hand, I set down the troop with the other, in the same manner as I took them up.

relieve (助ける) [動] alleviate or reduce

hole (穴) [名] an opening through something

set down (下ろす) [動] put down; place on a surface

しかし、私はすぐに二人を助け、片手で穴を覆い、もう片方の手で部隊を持ち上げたのと同じ方法で下ろした。

The horse that fell was strained in the left shoulder, but the rider got no hurt, and I repaired my handkerchief as well as I could;

fall (転倒する) [動] move from a higher to a lower position

strain (痛める) [動] injure by overexertion

left shoulder (左肩) [名] the shoulder on the left side of the body

get no hurt (怪我をしない) [動] not be injured

repair (修理する) [動] restore to good condition

転倒した馬は左肩を痛めたが、乗り手は怪我をせず、ハンカチはできる限り修理した。

however, I would not trust to the strength of it any more in such dangerous enterprises.

any more (これ以上) [副] no more; not any longer

enterprise (冒険) [名] a project or undertaking, especially a bold or complex one

しかし、私はもうこれ以上、このような危険な冒険にハンカチの強度を頼ることはしないだろう。

About two or three days before I was set at liberty, as I was entertaining the court with this kind of feats, there arrived an express to inform his majesty that some of his subjects, riding near the place where I was first taken up, had seen a great black substance lying on the ground, very oddly shaped, extending its edges round as wide as his majesty’s bedchamber, and rising up in the middle as high as a man;

About two or three days (二、三日前) [名] two or three days ago

set at liberty (解放される) [動] be released from captivity

this kind of feats (このような芸当) [名] this kind of tricks

there arrived an express (急報が届いた) [動] an express arrived

some of his subjects (臣下) [名] some of his people

riding (馬で走っていた) [動] travel on a horse

near the place (場所の近く) [名] near the location

first taken up (最初に捕まった) [動] first captured

seen (見た) [動] see something

great black substance (大きな黒い物体) [名] a large black object

lying on the ground (地面に横たわっている) [動] lying on the floor

very oddly shaped (とても奇妙な形をした) [形] very strangely shaped

extending its edges round (端が丸く広がり) [動] its edges extend round

as wide as (同じくらいの大きさで) [副] the same size as

majesty's bedchamber (陛下の寝室) [名] the king's bedroom

rising up (高くなっている) [動] go up

in the middle (真ん中) [名] in the center

as high as (同じくらい高く) [副] the same height as

a man (人間) [名] a human being

私が解放される二、三日前、私がこのような芸当で宮廷を楽しませていた時、私が最初に捕まった場所の近くを馬で走っていた臣下が、陛下の寝室と同じくらいの大きさで、端が丸く広がり、真ん中が人間と同じくらい高くなっている、とても奇妙な形をした大きな黒い物体が地面に横たわっているのを見たという急報が陛下に届いた。

that it was no living creature, as they at first apprehended, for it lay on the grass without motion, and some of them had walked round it several times;

living creature (生き物) [名] an animal or plant that is alive

apprehend (思う) [動] to perceive or understand

walk round (歩き回る) [動] to move at regular and fairly slow pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

最初は生き物だと思ったのだが、草の上に動かずに横たわっていたので、何人かがその周りを何度か歩き回った。

that, by mounting upon each other’s shoulders, they had got to the top, which was flat and even, and stamping upon it, they found that it was hollow within;

flat (平ら) [形] having a level surface

even (平坦) [形] smooth and regular

stamp (踏みつける) [動] bring down (one's foot) heavily

互いの肩に登って、平らで平坦な頂上にたどり着き、その上を踏みつけたところ、中が空洞であることがわかった。

that they humbly conceived it might be something belonging to the Man-mountain;

belong (属する) [動] be a member of or be connected with

彼らはそれが人間山の持ち物かもしれないと謙虚に考えた。

and if his majesty pleased they would undertake to bring it with only five horses.

undertake (申し出る) [動] to take on a task or job

そして陛下が喜んでくだされば、彼らはたった五頭の馬でそれを運んでくると申し出た。

I presently knew what they meant, and was glad at heart to receive this intelligence.

presently (すぐに) [副] in a short time; soon

mean (意味する) [動] intend to convey

glad (喜ぶ) [形] feeling or showing pleasure or contentment

heart (心) [名] the organ that pumps blood around the body

私はすぐに彼らが何を意味しているかを理解し、この知らせを受け取ったことを心から喜んだ。

It seems, upon my first reaching the shore after our shipwreck, I was in such confusion that before I came to the place where I went to sleep, my hat, which I had fastened with a string to my head while I was rowing, and had stuck on all the time I was swimming, fell off after I came to land;

confusion (混乱) [名] a state of disorder

come (着く) [動] arrive at a destination

go (行く) [動] move from one place to another

hat (帽子) [名] a covering for the head

stick (かぶる) [動] be or remain attached

land (陸) [名] the solid surface of the earth

難破後、私が初めて岸に着いたとき、私はとても混乱していたので、寝る場所に着く前に、漕いでいる間は紐で頭に固定していた帽子が、泳いでいる間はずっとかぶっていたのに、陸に着いた後で落ちてしまったらしい。

the string, as I conjecture, breaking by some accident which I never observed, but thought my hat had been lost at sea.

私の推測では、紐は私が気づかなかった何かの事故で切れたのだが、私は帽子を海で失くしたと思っていた。

I entreated his imperial majesty to give orders it might be brought to me as soon as possible, describing to him the use and the nature of it;

entreat (懇願する) [動] ask someone earnestly or anxiously

give orders (命令を下す) [動] issue a command

as soon as possible (できるだけ早く) [副] in or within the shortest time possible

nature (性質) [名] the basic or inherent features, character, or qualities of something

私は皇帝陛下に、その用途と性質を説明して、できるだけ早く私に届けられるよう命令を下すよう懇願した。

and the next day the wagoners arrived with it, but not in a very good condition;

the next day (翌日) [名] the day after today

wagoner (荷馬車) [名] a person who drives a wagon

翌日、荷馬車が到着したが、あまり良い状態ではなかった。

they had bored two holes in the brim, within an inch and a half of the edge, and fastened two hooks in the holes;

bore (開ける) [動] make a hole in

彼らは縁から1.5インチ以内につばに2つの穴を開け、穴に2つのフックを固定していた。

these hooks were tied by a long cord to the harness, and thus my hat was dragged along for above half an English mile, but the ground in that country being extremely smooth and level, it received less damage than I expected.

be tied (結び付けられる) [動] be fastened or attached with a cord, rope, or string

harness (馬具) [名] the equipment of straps and fittings by which a horse or other draft animal is fastened to a cart, plow, etc., and is controlled by its driver

thus (こうして) [副] as a result or consequence of this; therefore

be dragged (引きずられる) [動] be pulled along with force

English mile (マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards

be extremely (非常に) [副] to a very great degree

smooth (滑らか) [形] having a surface without roughness or projections

level (平ら) [形] having a flat and even surface

damage (ダメージ) [名] physical harm caused to a person or thing

expect (思う) [動] regard something as likely to happen

これらのフックは長い紐で馬具に結び付けられ、こうして私の帽子は半マイル以上も引きずられたが、この国の地面は非常に滑らかで平らだったので、思ったよりもダメージは少なかった。

Two days after this adventure, the emperor, having ordered that part of his army which quarters in and about his metropolis to be in readiness, took a fancy of diverting himself in a very singular manner.

two days (二日) [名] a period of 48 hours

readiness (準備) [名] the state of being ready

take a fancy (思いつく) [動] to develop a liking for

divert (気晴らしをする) [動] to turn from one course or use to another

この冒険の二日後、皇帝は首都とその周辺に駐屯している軍隊の一部に準備を命じ、非常に奇妙な方法で気晴らしをしようと思いついた。

He desired that I would stand like a colossus, with my legs as far asunder as I conveniently could.

colossus (巨像) [名] a statue of gigantic size

as far asunder as I conveniently could (できるだけ足を広げて) [副] to the greatest extent or degree possible

彼は私ができるだけ足を広げて巨像のように立ってほしいと望んだ。

He then commanded his general (who was an old experienced leader, and a great patron of mine) to draw up the troops in close order, and march them under me;

general (将軍) [名] the highest-ranking military officer

old (老練な) [形] having lived for a long time

leader (指導者) [名] a person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country

patron (後援者) [名] a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity

draw up (密集させる) [動] arrange or put together in an orderly or systematic way

march (行進する) [動] walk in a military manner with a regular measured tread

それから彼は将軍(老練な指導者で私の偉大な後援者だった)に部隊を密集させて私の下を行進させるように命じた。

the foot by twenty-four abreast, and the horse by sixteen, with drums beating, colors flying, and pikes advanced.

foot (歩兵) [名] a soldier who fights on foot

twenty-four (二十四) [数] the number 24

abreast (横に) [副] side by side

horse (騎兵) [名] a soldier who fights on horseback

sixteen (十六) [数] the number 16

beat (打ち鳴らす) [動] to strike repeatedly

color (旗) [名] a flag or ensign

fly (なびかせる) [動] to move or cause to move through the air with wings or a winged structure

歩兵は横に二十四列、騎兵は十六列で、太鼓を打ち鳴らし、旗をなびかせ、槍を構えて前進した。

This body consisted of three thousand foot, and a thousand horse.

consist of (成る) [動] be composed or made up of

thousand (千) [数] 1000

この部隊は歩兵三千、騎兵千から成っていた。

I had sent so many memorials and petitions for my liberty that his majesty at length mentioned the matter, first in the cabinet and then in a full council, where it was opposed by none except Skyresh Bolgolam, who was pleased, without any provocation, to be my mortal enemy.

memorial (嘆願書) [名] a statement of facts or a petition presented to a government

petition (請願書) [名] a formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause

at length (ついに) [副] after a long time; finally

matter (件) [名] a subject or situation that is being dealt with or considered

cabinet (内閣) [名] a body of senior ministers responsible for controlling and directing the government

then (次に) [副] after that; afterwards; next; later

full council (全議会) [名] a meeting of all the members of a council

oppose (反対する) [動] be against or hostile to

none (誰も) [代] not one; not any

Skyresh Bolgolam (スカイリッシュ・ボルゴラム) [名] a character in Gulliver's Travels

pleased (喜んで) [形] feeling or showing pleasure or satisfaction

without (なしに) [前] not having or not accompanied by

provocation (挑発) [名] action or speech that makes someone angry, especially deliberately

mortal enemy (不倶戴天の敵) [名] a person one hates or intends to kill

私は自由を求めて何度も嘆願書や請願書を送ったので、陛下はついにこの件を最初に内閣で、次に全議会で取り上げたが、そこでは私の不倶戴天の敵であることを喜んでおり、何の挑発もなしに私を憎んでいるスカイリッシュ・ボルゴラム以外には誰も反対しなかった。

But it was carried against him by the whole board and confirmed by the emperor.

carry (反対する) [動] to be in favor of or against something

しかし、議会全体が彼に反対し、皇帝もそれを認めた。

That minister was _galbet_, or admiral of the realm, very much in his master’s confidence, and a person well versed in affairs, but of a morose and sour complexion.

galbet (ガルベット) [名] a high official in the kingdom of Lilliput

admiral (提督) [名] the commander in chief of a navy

realm (王国) [名] a kingdom

confidence (信頼) [名] the feeling or belief that one can rely on someone or something; trust

well versed (精通した) [形] having a good knowledge of something

affairs (政務) [名] matters of public interest or importance

morose (気難しい) [形] having a gloomy or sullen manner

sour (渋い) [形] having an acid taste like that of vinegar or lemon juice

その大臣は、ガルベット、つまり王国の提督で、主人の信頼が厚く、政務に精通した人物だったが、気難しい顔つきをしていた。

However, he was at length persuaded to comply, but prevailed that the articles and conditions upon which I should be set free, and to which I must swear, should be drawn up by himself.

comply (従う) [動] act in accordance with a wish or command

prevail (主張する) [動] be victorious or gain the upper hand

article (条件) [名] a particular item or thing

condition (条件) [名] a state of affairs that must exist or be brought about before something else can happen

set free (解放される) [動] release from captivity or confinement

draw up (作成する) [動] write or create

しかし、彼はついに従うよう説得されたが、私が解放される条件と、私が誓わなければならない条件は、彼自身が作成するべきだと主張した。

These articles were brought to me by Skyresh Bolgolam in person, attended by two under-secretaries and several persons of distinction.

article (条項) [名] a separate clause or section of a legal document

attend (同席する) [動] be present at an event or place

under-secretary (次官) [名] a junior minister in the British government

distinction (要人) [名] a difference or contrast between similar things or people

これらの条項は、スカイリッシュ・ボルゴラムが自ら私に持ってきたもので、二人の次官と数人の要人が同席していた。

After they were read, I was demanded to swear to the performance of them, first in the manner of my own country, and afterwards in the methods prescribed by their laws, which was to hold my right foot in my left hand, and to place the middle finger of my right hand on the crown of my head, and my thumb on the tip of my right ear.

read (読み上げる) [動] to look at and understand the meaning of written or printed words

performance (履行) [名] the execution of an action

prescribe (定める) [動] officially or legally require

middle finger (中指) [名] the finger between the forefinger and the ring finger

crown (頭のてっぺん) [名] the top of the head

thumb (親指) [名] the short thick first digit of the human hand

tip (先端) [名] the pointed or rounded end of something

条項が読み上げられた後、私はまず自国のやり方で、次に彼らの法律で定められた方法で、その履行を誓うように求められた。それは、右足を左手で持ち、右手の中指を頭のてっぺんに、親指を右耳の先端に置くというものだった。

But because the reader may perhaps be curious to have some idea of the style and manner of expression peculiar to that people, as well as to know the articles upon which I recovered my liberty, I have made a translation of the whole instrument, word for word, as near as I was able, which I here offer to the public:

idea (考え) [名] a thought or suggestion as to a possible course of action

style (スタイル) [名] a distinctive manner of doing something

expression (表現) [名] the action of making known one's thoughts or feelings

peculiar (特有の) [形] belonging exclusively to a person or thing

translation (翻訳) [名] the process of converting or expressing the sense of a text from one language into another

instrument (文書) [名] a tool or implement, especially one for delicate or scientific work

near (できるだけ) [形] close in space or time

public (公開する) [名] the people as a whole

しかし、読者は私が自由を取り戻した条項を知りたいだけでなく、この民族特有の表現のスタイルや方法について知りたいと思うかもしれないので、私はこの文書全体をできるだけ逐語的に翻訳し、ここに公開する。

GOLBASTO MOMAREN EVLAME GURDILO SHEFIN MULLY ULLY GUE, most mighty Emperor of Lilliput, delight and terror of the universe, whose dominions extend five thousand _blustrogs_ (about twelve miles in circumference) to the extremities of the globe;

GOLBASTO MOMAREN EVLAME GURDILO SHEFIN MULLY ULLY GUE (ゴルバスト・モマレン・エヴラメ・グルディロ・シェフィン・マリー・ウリー・グエ) [名] the most mighty Emperor of Lilliput

universe (宇宙) [名] all existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos

dominion (支配) [名] sovereignty; control

blustrog (ブラストログ) [名] a unit of length equal to twelve miles

circumference (円周) [名] the perimeter of a circle

globe (地球) [名] the planet on which we live

ゴルバスト・モマレン・エヴラメ・グルディロ・シェフィン・マリー・ウリー・グエ、リリパットの最も強大な皇帝、宇宙の喜びと恐怖、その支配は五千のブラストログ(円周約十二マイル)を地球の果てまで広げている。

monarch of all monarchs, taller than the sons of men;

monarch (君主) [名] the head of a monarchy

son (子) [名] a male offspring of a human being

すべての君主の君主、人の子よりも背の高い者。

whose feet press down to the center, and whose head strikes against the sun;

press down (踏みつける) [動] push or move something with steady force

center (中心) [名] the middle point of something

strike against (ぶつかる) [動] come into forcible contact with

その足は地の中心まで踏みつけ、その頭は太陽にぶつかる。

at whose nod the princes of the earth shake their knees;

at whose nod (そのうなずきで) [名] at the nod of whom

earth (地) [名] the planet we live on

そのうなずきで地の王子たちは膝を震わせる。

pleasant as the spring, comfortable as the summer, fruitful as autumn, dreadful as winter.

pleasant (快い) [形] giving or capable of giving joy or pleasure; delightful

spring (春) [名] the season of the year between winter and summer

comfortable (心地よい) [形] providing physical ease and relaxation

summer (夏) [名] the season of the year between spring and autumn

fruitful (実り多い) [形] producing good results

autumn (秋) [名] the season of the year between summer and winter

dreadful (恐ろしい) [形] causing or likely to cause fear or alarm

春のように快く、夏のように心地よく、秋のように実り多く、冬のように恐ろしい。

His most sublime majesty proposes to the Man-mountain, lately arrived at our celestial dominions, the following articles, which, by a solemn oath, he shall be obliged to perform:

His most sublime majesty (最も崇高な陛下) [名] the king

propose (提案する) [動] put forward a plan or suggestion

Man-mountain (人間山) [名] a very large person

lately (最近) [副] not long ago; recently

celestial (天の) [形] of or relating to the sky

dominion (領土) [名] a territory or country under the control of a ruler or government

solemn (厳粛な) [形] formal and dignified

oath (宣誓) [名] a formal promise or statement of fact

perform (履行する) [動] carry out or accomplish

最も崇高な陛下は、最近我々の天の領土に到着した人間山に対して、以下の条項を提案する。彼は厳粛な宣誓によって、それを履行する義務を負う。

I. The Man-mountain shall not depart from our dominions without our license under our great seal.

depart (出発する) [動] leave a place

seal (印) [名] a device or substance used to fasten something shut

一、人間山は、我々の大印の下で我々の許可を得ずに我々の領土から出発してはならない。

II. He shall not presume to come into our metropolis without our express order;

II (二) [名] the second in a series

presume (想定する) [動] suppose that something is the case on the basis of probability

come into (入る) [動] move or travel into

express (明示的な) [形] clearly stated

二、彼は我々の明示的な命令なしに我々の首都に入ることを想定してはならない。

at which time, the inhabitants shall have two hours’ warning to keep within their doors.

at which time (その際) [副] at that time

have (受ける) [動] receive

two hours (二時間) [名] a period of time equal to 120 minutes

warning (警告) [名] a statement or event that indicates a possible danger, problem, or other unpleasant situation

その際、住民は二時間の警告を受けて、家の中にいなければならない。

III. The said Man-mountain shall confine his walks to our principal highroads, and not offer to walk or lie down in a meadow or field of corn.

III (三) [名] the Roman numeral for three

confine (限定する) [動] keep or restrict within limits

walk (歩行) [名] the action of walking

principal (主要な) [形] first in rank or importance

highroad (街道) [名] a main road

meadow (牧草地) [名] a field of grass and other plants

corn (トウモロコシ) [名] a plant that produces kernels on a cob

三、前述の人間山は、我々の主要な街道に歩行を限定し、牧草地やトウモロコシ畑を歩いたり、横になったりしてはならない。

IV. As he walks the said roads, he shall take the utmost care not to trample upon the bodies of any of our loving subjects, their horses or carriages, nor take any of our said subjects into his hands without their own consent.

IV (四) [名] the Roman numeral for four

road (道) [名] a way on land between two places that has been paved to allow travel by transport

take care (注意する) [動] be careful or cautious

trample (踏みつける) [動] tread on and crush

四、前述の道を歩く際、彼は我々の愛する臣民の身体、馬、馬車を踏みつけないように、また、我々の臣民を本人の同意なしに手に取らないように細心の注意を払わなければならない。

V. If an express requires extraordinary dispatch, the Man-mountain shall be obliged to carry, in his pocket, the messenger and horse a six days’ journey once in every moon, and return the said messenger back (if so required) safe to our imperial presence.

express (急使) [名] a messenger or a message sent with great speed

extraordinary (特別な) [形] very unusual or remarkable

dispatch (急送) [名] the sending of a message or messenger

be obliged to (義務を負う) [動] be required to do something

messenger (使者) [名] a person who carries a message or is sent on an errand

every (毎) [形] each

said (前述の) [形] mentioned previously

back (無事に) [副] in a safe or healthy condition

our (我々の) [代] belonging to or connected with the speaker and one or more other people previously mentioned or easily identified

presence (御前) [名] the state or fact of existing, occurring, or being present in a place or thing

五、急使が特別な急送を必要とする場合は、人間山は、毎月一度、六日間の旅路を、ポケットに入れて、使者と馬を運び、前述の使者を(必要であれば)我々の皇帝の御前に無事に返す義務を負う。

VI. He shall be our ally against our enemies in the island of Blefuscu, and do his utmost to destroy their fleet, which is now preparing to invade us.

VI (六) [名] the Roman numeral for six

ally (同盟者) [名] a person or country that is joined with another in an agreement or treaty

island (島) [名] a piece of land surrounded by water

do one's utmost (全力を尽くす) [動] to do the best that one can

destroy (破壊する) [動] to cause so much damage to something that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired

fleet (艦隊) [名] a group of ships traveling together

invade (侵略する) [動] to enter a country or area in a large number, especially with military force, often in a violent and aggressive way

六、彼はブレフスキュ島の敵に対する我々の同盟者となり、現在我々を侵略しようとしている彼らの艦隊を破壊するために全力を尽くす。

VII. That the said Man-mountain shall, at his times of leisure, be aiding and assisting to our workmen, in helping to raise certain great stones, towards covering the wall of the principal park, and other of our royal buildings.

VII (七) [名] the number 7

at his times of leisure (暇な時に) [名] when one is not busy

aiding and assisting (助け、援助する) [動] to help and support

workman (労働者) [名] a person who works

covering (覆う) [動] to be or provide a covering for

wall (壁) [名] a continuous vertical brick or stone structure that encloses or divides an area of land

park (公園) [名] a large area of land with grass and trees, in a town, where people go in order to relax and enjoy themselves

七、前述の人間山は、暇な時に、主要な公園やその他の王宮の壁を覆うために、ある大きな石を持ち上げるのを助けることで、我々の労働者を助け、援助する。

VIII. That the said Man-mountain shall, in two moons’ time, deliver in an exact survey of the circumference of our dominions, by a computation of his own paces round the coast.

VIII (八) [名] the number 8

two moons' time (二ヶ月以内) [名] a period of two months

survey (測量) [名] a detailed examination and recording of the features of an area of land

circumference (周囲) [名] the distance around the edge of a circle

coast (海岸線) [名] the land next to the sea

pace (歩数) [名] a step taken when walking or running

八、前述の人間山は、二ヶ月以内に、海岸線を歩き回って自分の歩数を計算し、我々の領土の周囲の正確な測量結果を提出する。

Lastly, That upon his solemn oath to observe the above articles, the said Man-mountain shall have a daily allowance of meat and drink sufficient for the support of 1728 of our subjects, with free access to our royal person, and other marks of our favor.

lastly (最後に) [副] finally; in conclusion

observe (遵守する) [動] to comply with

shall (できる) [助] expressing a strong intention or determination

allowance (支給) [名] a sum of money that is given to someone regularly

sufficient (十分な) [形] as much or as many as required

support (養う) [動] to provide with the necessities of life

free (自由に) [形] not under the control or in the power of another

access (アクセス) [名] the ability or right to approach or enter a place

favor (好意) [名] approval, liking, or goodwill

最後に、前述の条項を遵守するという厳粛な宣誓をすることで、前述の人間山は、我々の臣民1728人を養うのに十分な食事と飲み物を毎日支給され、我々の王族に自由にアクセスでき、その他の我々の好意の印を受けることができる。

Given at our palace at Belfaborac, the twelfth day of the ninety-first moon of our reign.

given (授与された) [動] presented as a gift

palace (宮殿) [名] the official residence of a sovereign

twelfth (十二日) [形] the number twelve in a series

ninety-first (第九十一) [形] the number ninety-one in a series

我々の治世の第九十一月十二日、ベルファボラックの我々の宮殿で授与された。

I swore and subscribed to these articles with great cheerfulness and content, although some of them were not so honorable as I could have wished;

swear (宣誓する) [動] make a solemn promise or statement of fact

subscribe (署名する) [動] write one's name under or at the end of a document

cheerfulness (快く) [名] the quality of being cheerful

content (満足して) [名] the state of being happy and satisfied

honorable (名誉ある) [形] worthy of honor or respect

wish (望む) [動] want something to happen or be the case

私はこれらの条項に非常に快く、満足して宣誓し、署名したが、そのうちのいくつかは私が望むほど名誉あるものではなかった。

which proceeded wholly from the malice of Skyresh Bolgolam, the high-admiral; whereupon my chains were immediately unlocked, and I was at full liberty.

proceed (進む) [動] follow a certain course

high-admiral (海軍大臣) [名] the highest-ranking admiral in a navy

unlock (解く) [動] release the lock of

それはすべて、海軍大臣スカイリッシュ・ボルゴラムの悪意から出ていた。そこで私の鎖はすぐに解かれ、私は完全に自由になった。

The emperor himself, in person, did me the honor to be by at the whole ceremony.

in person (自ら) [副] personally

do the honor (栄誉を与える) [動] confer distinction upon

皇帝陛下自ら、式典の間ずっとそばにいてくださるという栄誉を与えてくださった。

I made my acknowledgments by prostrating myself at his majesty’s feet;

make acknowledgment (感謝の意を表す) [動] express gratitude

prostrate oneself (ひれ伏す) [動] lie face down on the ground in submission or adoration

私は陛下の足元にひれ伏して感謝の意を表した。

but he commanded me to rise;

しかし、陛下は私に起き上がるように命じられた。

and after many gracious expressions, which to avoid the censure of vanity I shall not repeat, he added that he hoped I should prove a useful servant, and well deserve all the favors he had already conferred upon me, or might do for the future.

many (多くの) [形] a large number of

gracious (優雅な) [形] showing kindness and courtesy

avoid (避ける) [動] keep away from or stop oneself from doing

censure (非難) [名] strong criticism

vanity (虚栄心) [名] excessive pride in oneself or one's appearance

add (付け加える) [動] say or write something further

hope (期待する) [動] want something to happen or be the case

prove (証明する) [動] demonstrate the truth or existence of (something) by evidence or argument

useful (有用な) [形] able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways

servant (召使) [名] a person who performs duties for others, especially a person employed in a house on domestic duties or as a personal attendant

deserve (値する) [動] be worthy of or have a right to (something)

confer (与える) [動] grant or bestow (something) on someone as an honor or as a mark of recognition

future (将来) [名] the time or a period of time following the moment of speaking or writing

そして、私が有用な召使であることを証明し、すでに私に与えられた、あるいは将来与えるかもしれないすべての恩恵に値することを期待していると付け加えた。

The reader may please to observe, that in the last article for the recovery of my liberty the emperor stipulates to allow me a quantity of meat and drink sufficient for the support of 1728 Lilliputians.

recovery (回復) [名] the action or process of returning to health

stipulate (規定する) [動] demand or specify as a condition or requirement

読者は、私の自由の回復のための最後の条項で、皇帝が私に1728人のリリパット人の生活を支えるのに十分な量の食事と飲み物を許可すると規定していることに注目されたい。

Some time after, asking a friend at court how they came to fix on that determinate number, he told me that his majesty’s mathematicians, having taken the height of my body by the help of a quadrant, and finding it to exceed theirs in the proportion of twelve to one, they concluded from the similarity of their bodies, that mine must contain at least 1728 of theirs, and consequently would require as much food as was necessary to support that number of Lilliputians.

some time after (しばらくして) [副] after a short period of time

ask (尋ねる) [動] say something in order to obtain an answer or some information

come to (至る) [動] reach a certain point

fix (決める) [動] decide or settle on

determinate (決定的な) [形] having a fixed and definite limit

number (数) [名] a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label

take (測る) [動] measure

height (身長) [名] the distance from the top to the bottom of something

help (助け) [名] the action of helping someone by sharing work

quadrant (四分円) [名] an instrument for measuring angles, especially a graduated quarter circle

exceed (超える) [動] be greater than

proportion (割合) [名] a part or share in relation to the whole

twelve (12) [数] the number equivalent to the sum of six and six

one (1) [数] the lowest positive integer

similarity (類似性) [名] the state or fact of being similar

consequently (結果として) [副] as a result

much (多くの) [限] a large amount or number of

food (食料) [名] any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink, or that plants absorb, in order to maintain life and growth

necessary (必要な) [形] required to be done, achieved, or present

Lilliputian (小人) [名] a very small person

しばらくして、宮廷の友人にどうやってその数が決まったのか尋ねると、陛下の数学者が四分円を使って私の身長を測り、それが彼らの身長の12倍であることがわかったので、彼らの体の類似性から、私の体には少なくとも1728人の彼らの体があるはずであり、その結果、その数の小人の生活を支えるのに必要なだけの食料が必要であると結論づけたと教えてくれた。

By which the reader may conceive an idea of the ingenuity of that people, as well as the prudent and exact economy of so great a prince.

by which (これによって) [接] by means of which

conceive (理解する) [動] to become pregnant

ingenuity (才知) [名] the quality of being clever, original, and inventive

people (国民) [名] the inhabitants of a country or area

as well as (と) [接] in addition to

economy (経済観念) [名] the state of a country or region in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services and the supply of money

これによって読者は、この国民の才知と、偉大な君主の賢明で正確な経済観念を理解することができるだろう。

CHAPTER IV

CHAPTER IV (第4章) [名] the fourth chapter

第4章

MILDENDO, THE METROPOLIS OF LILLIPUT, DESCRIBED, TOGETHER WITH THE EMPEROR’S PALACE—A CONVERSATION BETWEEN THE AUTHOR AND A PRINCIPAL SECRETARY, CONCERNING THE AFFAIRS OF THAT EMPIRE—THE AUTHOR’S OFFERS TO SERVE THE EMPEROR IN HIS WARS.

MILDENDO (ミルデンドー) [名] the capital of Lilliput

TOGETHER (一緒に) [副] with or at the same time as another person or thing

CONVERSATION (会話) [名] informal talk between two or more people

SECRETARY (秘書官) [名] a person employed by an individual or in an office to assist with correspondence, keep records, make appointments, and carry out administrative tasks

CONCERN (関する) [動] relate to or be about

AFFAIR (情勢) [名] a matter of public concern

SERVE (奉仕) [動] work for as a servant

リリパットの首都ミルデンドーと皇帝の宮殿の説明、著者と首席秘書官との帝国情勢に関する会話、著者の皇帝への戦争奉仕の申し出。

The first request I made after I had obtained my liberty, was that I might have license to see Mildendo, the metropolis;

obtain (得る) [動] get, acquire, or secure

request (頼む) [動] ask for something politely or formally

自由を得てから最初に頼んだのは、首都ミルデンドーを見学する許可を得ることだった。

which the emperor easily granted me, but with a special charge to do no hurt either to the inhabitants or their houses.

grant (許可する) [動] allow or agree to

special (特別な) [形] better or otherwise different from what is usual or common

charge (命じる) [動] give an order to

hurt (危害を加える) [動] cause pain or injury to

皇帝はこれを快く許可してくれたが、住民や住居に危害を加えないよう特別に命じた。

The people had notice, by proclamation, of my design to visit the town.

have notice (知らされる) [動] be informed of

私の町訪問の計画は布告によって国民に知らされた。

The wall which encompassed it, is two feet and a half high, and at least eleven inches broad, so that a coach and horses may be driven very safely round it;

encompass (囲む) [動] form a circle about

two feet and a half (二フィート半) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

eleven inches (十一インチ) [名] a unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot

broad (広い) [形] having a large distance from one side to the other

coach (馬車) [名] a horse-drawn carriage

safely (安全に) [副] in a safe manner

round (周囲) [前] on or along the edge of

それを囲む壁は高さ二フィート半、幅は少なくとも十一インチあるので、馬車を非常に安全に走らせることができる。

and it is flanked with strong towers at ten feet distance.

flank (並ぶ) [動] be situated on each side of something

ten feet (十フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 0.3048 meter

そして、十フィート離れたところに強固な塔が並んでいる。

I stepped over the great western gate, and passed very gently and sideling through the two principal streets, only in my short waistcoat, for fear of damaging the roofs and eaves of the houses with the skirts of my coat.

step over (またぐ) [動] to pass over or across by stepping

western (西の) [形] of or relating to the west

pass (通り抜ける) [動] to move or cause to move through, across, or over

sideling (横向きに) [副] to or from the side

street (通り) [名] a road in a city, town, or village, typically with houses and buildings on one or both sides

damage (傷つける) [動] cause harm to

roof (屋根) [名] the structure forming the upper covering of a building or vehicle

eave (軒先) [名] the edge of a roof that projects beyond the side of a building

私は大きな西門をまたぎ、上着の裾で家の屋根や軒先を傷つけるのを恐れて、短いチョッキだけを着て、二つの主要な通りを非常にゆっくりと横向きに通り抜けた。

I walked with the utmost circumspection, to avoid treading on any stragglers that might remain in the streets;

circumspection (注意) [名] the quality of being careful and cautious

tread (踏みつける) [動] step or walk on

straggler (落後者) [名] a person who is left behind or who moves slowly

私は、通りに残っているかもしれない落後者を踏みつけないように、細心の注意を払って歩いた。

although the orders were very strict that all people should keep in their houses, at their own peril.

strict (厳しい) [形] requiring complete obedience

peril (危険) [名] a situation in which there is a great chance of harm

命令は非常に厳しく、すべての人は自分の危険を冒して家にいるべきだったのだが。

The garret windows and tops of houses were so crowded with spectators that I thought in all my travels I had not seen a more populous place.

garret (屋根裏部屋) [名] a room or space directly below the pitched roof of a house or other building

top (屋上) [名] the highest part of something

crowded (混雑している) [形] full of people

spectator (見物人) [名] a person who watches an event

populous (人口の多い) [形] having a large population

屋根裏部屋の窓や家の屋上は見物人でとても混雑していたので、私はこれまでの旅の中でこれほど人口の多い場所を見たことがないと思った。

The city is an exact square, each side of the wall being five hundred feet long.

city (街) [名] a large human settlement

square (正方形) [名] a plane figure with four equal sides and four right angles

five hundred (五百) [数] the number 500

街は正確な正方形で、城壁の各辺の長さは五百フィートである。

The two great streets which run across and divide it into four quarters, are five feet wide.

run across (横切る) [動] go across

divide (分割する) [動] separate into parts

街を横切って四分割している二つの大通りは幅が五フィートである。

The lanes and alleys, which I could not enter, but only viewed them as I passed, are from twelve to eighteen inches.

lane (小道) [名] a narrow road, especially in a rural area

alley (路地) [名] a narrow passageway between or behind buildings

pass (通り過ぎる) [動] move or go past

eighteen (十八) [数] the number 18

私が入ることができず、通り過ぎながら眺めることしかできなかった小道や路地は、幅が十二から十八インチである。

The town is capable of holding five hundred thousand souls.

be capable of (できる) [動] have the ability to do something

hold (収容する) [動] have or contain

five hundred thousand (五十万) [数] 500,000

soul (住民) [名] a human being

街は五十万人の住民を収容できる。

The houses are from three to five stories;

be from (~である) [動] have a specified beginning or starting point

story (階) [名] a floor of a building

家は三階から五階建てである。

the shops and markets well provided.

shop (店) [名] a place where goods or services are sold

market (市場) [名] a place where goods or services are bought and sold

provide (揃える) [動] supply or make available for use

店や市場は品揃えが豊富である。

The emperor’s palace is in the center of the city, where the two great streets meet.

皇帝の宮殿は、二つの大通りが交わる街の中心にある。

It is inclosed by a wall of two feet high, and twenty feet distant from the buildings.

inclose (囲む) [動] surround on all sides

distant (離れている) [形] far away in space or time

宮殿は高さ二フィートの塀で囲まれており、建物から二十フィート離れている。

I had his majesty’s permission to step over this wall;

have permission (許可を得る) [動] be allowed to do something

step over (乗り越える) [動] go over or across something by stepping

私は陛下からこの塀を乗り越える許可をいただいた。

and the space being so wide between that and the palace, I could easily view it on every side.

space (空間) [名] the expanse in which the solar system, stars, and galaxies exist

塀と宮殿の間の空間がとても広いので、私は宮殿をあらゆる側面から簡単に見ることができた。

The outward court is a square of forty feet, and includes two other courts;

outward (外側の) [形] of or relating to the outside

court (中庭) [名] an open area surrounded by walls or buildings

forty feet (四十フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

include (含む) [動] comprise or contain as a part

外側の中庭は四十フィートの正方形で、他の二つの中庭を含んでいる。

in the inmost are the royal apartments, which I was very desirous to see, but found it extremely difficult;

inmost (一番奥) [形] most inward

apartment (居室) [名] a place where someone lives

desirous (見たい) [形] having or showing a wish or need for something

difficult (難しい) [形] not easy; requiring much effort

一番奥には王室の居室があり、私はとても見たいと思っていたが、非常に難しいことがわかった。

for the great gates, from one square into another, were but eighteen inches high and seven inches wide.

but (しか) [副] only

seven (七) [限] the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

wide (幅) [形] having a specified distance from side to side

というのも、一つの中庭から別の中庭へ通じる大門は、高さ十八インチ、幅七インチしかなかったからだ。

Now the buildings of the outer court were at least five feet high, and it was impossible for me to stride over them without infinite damage to the pile, though the walls were strongly built of hewn stone, and four inches thick.

outer court (外側の中庭) [名] the outer part of a courtyard

stride (またぐ) [動] walk with long steps

infinite (甚大な) [形] very great or large

pile (建物) [名] a heap of things laid or lying one on top of another

strongly (頑丈に) [副] in a strong manner

build (造られる) [動] construct (something) by putting parts or material together over a period of time

hewn stone (切り石) [名] a stone that has been cut or shaped with a tool

thick (厚さ) [名] the distance between opposite sides of something

さて、外側の中庭の建物は少なくとも五フィートの高さがあり、壁は切り石で頑丈に造られ、厚さ四インチもあったが、私が建物の上をまたぐと、建物に甚大な被害を与えずにはいられない。

At the same time the emperor had a great desire that I should see the magnificence of his palace;

at the same time (同時に) [副] at the same moment

have a great desire (強く望む) [動] want something very much

同時に皇帝は、私が宮殿の壮麗さを目にすることを強く望んでいた。

but this I was not able to do till three days after, which I spent in cutting down with my knife some of the largest trees in the royal park, about a hundred yards’ distance from the city.

three days (三日) [名] a period of three days

しかし、私は三日後までそれをすることができず、その三日間は、市から約百ヤード離れた王立公園で、ナイフを使って最大の木を何本か切り倒すのに費やした。

Of these trees I made two stools, each about three feet high, and strong enough to bear my weight.

of (で) [前] made of

stool (椅子) [名] a seat without a back or arms

bear (支える) [動] carry or support

私はこれらの木で、それぞれ高さ三フィートほどで、私の体重を支えるのに十分な強度のある椅子を二脚作った。

The people having received notice a second time, I went again through the city to the palace with my two stools in my hands.

receive notice (通告を受ける) [動] be informed of something

second time (二度目) [名] the second occurrence of something

go through (通って行く) [動] move through or across

国民は二度目の通告を受け、私は二脚の椅子を手に、再び市内を通って宮殿に向かった。

When I came to the side of the outer court, I stood upon one stool and took the other in my hand;

come to (来る) [動] reach a place

外庭の脇まで来ると、私は一脚の椅子の上に立って、もう一脚を手に取った。

this I lifted over the roof, and gently set it down on the space between the first and second court, which was eight feet wide.

set down (置く) [動] put in a specified place

これを屋根の上に持ち上げ、幅八フィートの第一と第二の中庭の間の空間に静かに置いた。

I then stepped over the buildings very conveniently from one stool to the other, and drew up the first one after me with a hooked stick.

step over (歩く) [動] move at a regular and fairly slow pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

building (建物) [名] a structure with a roof and walls, such as a house or factory

conveniently (楽に) [副] in a way that is easy or convenient

hooked (かぎ状の) [形] having a hook or hooks

それから私は、とても楽に椅子から椅子へと建物の上を歩き、最初の椅子はかぎ状の棒で引き上げた。

By this contrivance I got into the inmost court;

contrivance (工夫) [名] a clever and inventive device or scheme

get into (たどり着く) [動] reach a place

inmost (一番奥の) [形] most inward; deepest

この工夫で私は一番奥の中庭までたどり着いた。

and, lying down upon my side, I applied my face to the windows of the middle stories, which were left open on purpose, and discovered the most splendid apartments that can be imagined.

apply (近づける) [動] put or bring into contact with

discover (見える) [動] find or notice something for the first time

そして、横になって、わざと開け放してあった中二階の窓に顔を近づけると、想像しうる限り最も豪華な部屋が見えた。

There I saw the empress and the young princes, in their several lodgings, with their chief attendants about them.

lodging (宿泊する部屋) [名] a place where someone lives temporarily

そこで私は、皇后と若い王子たちが、それぞれに宿泊する部屋で、主な従者たちに囲まれているのを見ました。

Her imperial majesty was pleased to smile very graciously upon me, and gave me out of the window her hand to kiss.

Her imperial majesty (皇后陛下) [名] the wife of an emperor

be pleased to (喜んでくださる) [動] be happy to do something

smile (微笑む) [動] to have a pleased, kind, or amused expression

graciously (優雅に) [副] in a way that is polite and kind

give (差し出す) [動] to freely transfer the possession of something to someone

kiss (キス) [動] to touch or press with the lips as a sign of love, sexual desire, reverence, or greeting

皇后陛下は私にとても優雅に微笑んでくださり、窓から手を差し出して私にキスをさせてくださった。

But I shall not anticipate the reader with further descriptions of this kind, because I reserve them for a greater work, which is now almost ready for the press;

anticipate (期待する) [動] expect or predict

further (これ以上) [形] more

description (説明) [名] a statement or account giving the characteristics of someone or something

this kind (この種の) [名] this type

reserve (取っておく) [動] keep or save for a particular purpose or time

greater (より大きな) [形] larger

work (作品) [名] a product of effort, especially one of artistic merit

now (今) [副] at the present time

press (印刷) [名] a machine for printing

しかし、私はこの種の説明をこれ以上読者に期待するつもりはない。なぜなら、私はそれらを、今やほとんど印刷の準備が整った、より大きな作品のために取っておくからである。

containing a general description of this empire, from its first erection, through a long series of princes;

general description (一般的な説明) [名] a description that is not specific

this empire (この帝国) [名] the empire that is being discussed

first erection (最初の建設) [名] the first time that something was built

long series (長い系譜) [名] a series that is long

この帝国の最初の建設から、長い王子の系譜を通して、この帝国の一般的な説明を含んでいる。

with a particular account of their wars and politics, laws, learning and religion, their plants and animals, their peculiar manners and customs, with other matters very curious and useful;

politics (政治) [名] the activities associated with the governance of a country or other area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to achieve power

religion (宗教) [名] a particular system of faith and worship

plant (植物) [名] a living organism of the kind exemplified by trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses

custom (習慣) [名] an established and approved way of behaving or doing things

彼らの戦争と政治、法律、学問と宗教、彼らの植物と動物、彼らの独特の風習と習慣、その他非常に興味深く有用な事柄について、詳細に説明している。

my chief design at present being only to relate such events and transactions as happened to the public or to myself during a residence of about nine months in that empire.

at present (現在) [副] now; at this time

relate (述べる) [動] give an account of

event (出来事) [名] something that happens or takes place

transaction (取引) [名] an instance of buying or selling something

myself (私自身) [代] I or me

私の現在の主な目的は、その帝国に約9ヶ月滞在している間に、公衆や私自身に起こった出来事や取引について述べることだけである。

One morning, about a fortnight after I had obtained my liberty, Reldresal, principal secretary (as they style him) for private affairs, came to my house attended only by one servant.

one morning (ある朝) [名] the morning of a particular day

about a fortnight (約二週間) [名] a period of two weeks

principal secretary (首席秘書官) [名] the chief secretary of a government department

come to (訪れる) [動] arrive at

私が自由を得てから約二週間後の朝、私事担当の首席秘書官(彼らはそう呼んでいる)レルドレサルが、従者を一人だけ連れて私の家を訪れた。

He ordered his coach to wait at a distance, and desired I would give him an hour’s audience;

wait (待つ) [動] stay where one is or delay action until a particular time or event happens

desire (申し出る) [動] strongly wish for or want

audience (面会) [名] a formal meeting with a person of high rank

彼は馬車を遠くで待たせ、私に1時間の面会を申し出た。

which I readily consented to, on account of his quality and personal merits, as well as the many good offices he had done me during my solicitations at court.

personal (人柄) [形] of or concerning a particular person

merit (長所) [名] the quality of being good and deserving praise

good office (善意) [名] a kind or helpful act

during (間に) [前] throughout the course or duration of

solicitation (懇願) [名] a request, plea, or entreaty

彼の資質と人柄、そして私が宮廷で懇願している間に彼がしてくれた多くの善意のおかげで、私はすぐに承諾した。

I offered to lie down, that he might the more conveniently reach my ear;

offer (申し出る) [動] present or suggest something for consideration or discussion

私は彼がもっと楽に私の耳に届くように横になることを申し出た。

but he chose rather to let me hold him in my hand during our conversation.

choose (選ぶ) [動] pick out or select from a number of alternatives

rather (むしろ) [副] more readily or willingly

しかし彼は会話の間、私が彼を手に持つことを選んだ。

He began with compliments on my liberty;

begin with (始める) [動] start with

compliment (祝福) [名] a polite expression of praise or admiration

彼は私の自由を祝福することから始めた。

said he might pretend to some merit in it;

say (言う) [動] express (something) in words

pretend (ふりをする) [動] act as if something is the case when in fact it is not

some (多少の) [限] an unspecified amount or number of

彼はそれに多少の功績があるかもしれないと言った。

but, however, added, that if it had not been for the present situation of things at court, perhaps I might not have obtained it so soon.

if it had not been for (もし~がなかったら) [条] if it were not for

present situation (現状) [名] the current state of affairs

しかし、もし宮廷の現状がなかったら、私はそんなに早く自由を得られなかったかもしれないと付け加えた。

“For,” said he, “as flourishing a condition as we may appear to be in to foreigners, we labor under two mighty evils: a violent faction at home, and the danger of an invasion by a most potent enemy from abroad.

flourish (栄える) [動] grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way

foreigner (外国人) [名] a person from a foreign country

labor (苦しむ) [動] work hard

mighty (大きな) [形] very great in size, amount, or intensity

evil (悪) [名] something that is harmful or undesirable

faction (派閥) [名] a group of people with a particular set of beliefs who are trying to achieve their aims within a larger group

abroad (海外) [副] in or to a foreign country

「というのも」と彼は言った、「我々は外国人には栄えているように見えるかもしれないが、二つの大きな悪に苦しんでいる。国内の激しい派閥争いと、海外からの強力な敵による侵略の危険だ。

As to the first, you are to understand that for above seventy moons past there have been two struggling parties in this empire, under the names of _Tramecksan_ and _Slamecksan_, from the high and low heels of their shoes, by which they distinguish themselves.

seventy (七十) [形] the cardinal number that is the product of seven and ten

past (過去) [名] the time that has passed

struggling (争う) [動] make forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction

party (政党) [名] a political organization that seeks to influence government policy, typically by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office

name (名) [名] a word or set of words using which a person is referred to

heel (かかと) [名] the end of a foot

low (低い) [形] of little vertical extent

最初の点については、過去七十ヶ月以上もの間、この帝国にはトラメクサンとスラメクサンという名の二つの争う政党があり、彼らは靴のかかとの高低によって区別されていることを理解しなければならない。

It is alleged, indeed, that the high heels are most agreeable to our ancient constitution;

high heel (ハイヒール) [名] a shoe with a very high heel

agreeable (適合している) [形] able to be accepted; satisfactory

constitution (憲法) [名] the system of fundamental principles according to which a state or other organization is governed

確かに、ハイヒールは我々の古代憲法に最も適合していると主張されている。

but, however this may be, his majesty has determined to make use of only low heels in the administration of the government, and all offices in the gift of the crown, as you cannot but observe;

however this may be (いずれにせよ) [副] in any case; whatever happens

determine (決意する) [動] to decide or settle in advance

make use of (使う) [動] to employ for a particular purpose

administration (運営) [名] the management of a business or organization

government (政府) [名] the group of people with authority to govern it

gift (贈り物) [名] something that is given

crown (王冠) [名] a circular ornamental headdress worn by a monarch

しかし、いずれにせよ、陛下は政府の運営や王冠の贈り物にかかわるすべての役職にローヒールだけを使うことを決意された。

and particularly, that his majesty’s imperial heels are lower at least by a _drurr_ than any of his court (_drurr_ is a measure about the fourteenth part of an inch).

lower (低い) [形] not as high as something else

drurr (ドラ) [名] a measure of length equal to one fourteenth of an inch

特に、陛下のかかとは宮廷の誰よりも少なくともドラ一つ分低い(ドラとは一インチの約十四分の一の長さの単位である)。

The animosities between these two parties run so high, that they will neither eat nor drink nor talk with each other.

run high (強い) [動] be intense or strong

eat (食事) [動] take in food

talk (会話) [動] speak or converse

この二つの政党間の敵意は非常に強く、彼らは互いに食事も飲み物も会話もしない。

We compute the _Tramecksan_, or High-heels, to exceed us in number;

compute (見積もる) [動] calculate

exceed (勝っている) [動] be greater than or go beyond (a limit, expectation, or standard)

我々はトラメクサン、つまりハイヒール派が我々より数で勝っていると見積もっている。

but the power is wholly on our side.

power (権力) [名] the ability to do or act

wholly (完全に) [副] completely; entirely

on our side (我々側にある) [名] in our favor

しかし、権力は完全に我々側にある。

We apprehend his imperial highness, the heir to the crown, to have some tendency towards the High-heels; at least, we can plainly discover one of his heels higher than the other, which gives him a hobble in his gait.

imperial highness (皇太子殿下) [名] a title used for a member of an imperial family

heir (皇太子) [名] a person who inherits or is entitled to inherit property

tendency (傾向) [名] a general direction in which something is developing or changing

high-heel (ハイヒール) [名] a shoe with a high heel

plainly (はっきりと) [副] in a clear and simple manner

gait (歩き方) [名] a person's manner of walking

我々は皇太子殿下がハイヒール派に傾いているのではないかと心配している。少なくとも、殿下のかかとの一つがもう一方より高く、歩き方がぎこちないのははっきりと分かる。

Now, in the midst of these intestine disquiets, we are threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu, which is the other great empire of the universe, almost as large and powerful as this of his majesty.

in the midst of (真っ只中) [名] the middle part of something

intestine (内紛) [名] the lower part of the alimentary canal

disquiet (不安) [名] a feeling of worry or nervousness

threaten (脅かす) [動] to say that you will cause trouble or harm to someone

invasion (侵略) [名] the act of entering a country or area in a large number, especially with military force

さて、こうした内紛の真っ只中、我々はブレフスキュ島からの侵略の脅威にさらされている。ブレフスキュ島は宇宙のもう一つの大帝国であり、陛下の帝国とほぼ同じくらい大きく強力である。

For as to what we have heard you affirm, that there are other kingdoms and states in the world, inhabited by human creatures as large as yourself, our philosophers are in much doubt, and would rather conjecture that you dropped from the moon, or one of the stars;

for as to (というのも) [接] because

what (もの) [名] the thing that

we (我々) [代] I and another or others

have heard (聞いた) [動] perceive with the ear

you (あなた) [代] the person being spoken to

affirm (断言する) [動] state as a fact

that (ということ) [接] used to introduce a clause

there are (ある) [動] exist

kingdoms (国) [名] a country, state, or territory ruled by a king or queen

and (と) [接] used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, and to show that two things are connected

states (州) [名] a politically organized body of people usually occupying a definite territory

the world (世界) [名] the earth and all the people living on it

inhabited (住む) [動] live in or occupy

creatures (生き物) [名] a living being

as large as (同じくらい大きい) [形] having the same size as

yourself (あなた) [代] the person being spoken to

philosophers (哲学者) [名] a person who studies or writes about philosophy

are in (にある) [動] be in a state or condition

doubt (疑い) [名] a feeling of uncertainty about something

would rather (むしろ) [副] more readily or willingly

dropped (落ちた) [動] fall or cause to fall

from (から) [前] used to indicate a starting point

the moon (月) [名] the natural satellite of the earth

or (または) [接] used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, and to show that two things are connected

of (の) [前] used to indicate a possessive relationship

the stars (星) [名] a fixed luminous point in the night sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun

というのも、あなたと同じくらい大きな人間が住む国や州が世界にあるとあなたが断言しているのを聞いたが、我々の哲学者たちは大いに疑っており、むしろあなたが月や星から落ちてきたのではないかと推測している。

because it is certain that a hundred mortals of your bulk would in a short time destroy all the fruits and cattle of his majesty’s dominions;

short time (短時間) [名] a brief period of time

destroy (食い尽くす) [動] cause the destruction of

fruit (果物) [名] the sweet and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seed and can be eaten

cattle (家畜) [名] cows, bulls, or oxen

というのも、あなたと同じ大きさの人間百人が陛下の領土の果物や家畜を短時間で食い尽くしてしまうのは確実だからだ。

besides, our histories of six thousand moons make no mention of any other regions than the two great empires of Lilliput and Blefuscu.

history (歴史) [名] the study of past events

six thousand (六千) [形] the number 6000

make no mention of (言及されていない) [動] not mention

region (地域) [名] a large area of land

Blefuscu (ブレフスキュ) [名] a fictional land inhabited by tiny people

その上、我々の六千の月の歴史には、リリパット帝国とブレフスキュ帝国の二つの大帝国以外の地域については何も言及されていない。

Which two mighty powers have, as I was going to tell you, been engaged in a most obstinate war for six-and-thirty moons past.

mighty (強大な) [形] having or showing great and impressive power or strength

power (国) [名] a sovereign state

as I was going to tell you (これからお話ししようと思っていたのだが) [句] I was going to tell you this

been engaged in (従事してきた) [動] be occupied or busy with

most obstinate (最も頑固な) [形] stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or to do what someone else wants

for six-and-thirty moons past (過去三十六ヶ月にわたって) [句] for the past thirty-six months

これからお話ししようと思っていたのだが、この二つの強大な国は、過去三十六ヶ月にわたって最も頑固な戦争を繰り広げてきた。

It began upon the following occasion:

occasion (出来事) [名] an event or happening

それは次のような出来事から始まった。

It is allowed on all hands, that the primitive way of breaking eggs, before we eat them, was upon the larger end;

allow (認める) [動] to give permission to do something

egg (卵) [名] a round or oval object laid by a female bird, reptile, fish, or invertebrate, especially one containing a developing embryo

primitive (原始的な) [形] relating to the earliest period or stage of development

way (方法) [名] how something is done or how it happens

卵を食べる前に割る原始的な方法は、誰もが認めるように、大きい方の端を割ることだった。

but his present majesty’s grandfather, while he was a boy, going to eat an egg, and breaking it according to the ancient practice, happened to cut one of his fingers;

present (現) [形] existing or happening now

grandfather (祖父) [名] the father of one's father or mother

break (割る) [動] cause to come apart by force

practice (方法) [名] the actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method, as opposed to theories about such application or use

happen (たまたま) [動] take place by chance or without apparent cause

しかし、現皇帝の祖父が少年の頃、卵を食べようとして古代の方法に従って割ったところ、たまたま指を切ってしまった。

whereupon the emperor, his father, published an edict, commanding all his subjects, upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs.

publish (発布する) [動] make public

edict (勅令) [名] an official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority

penalty (罰則) [名] a punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract

smaller (小さい方) [形] of a size that is less than average or usual

そこで、彼の父である皇帝は、すべての臣下に卵の小さい方の先端を割るように命じる勅令を発布し、違反者には重い罰則を課した。

The people so highly resented this law, that our histories tell us there have been six rebellions raised on that account;

highly (非常に) [副] to a great degree or extent

resent (憤慨する) [動] feel bitter indignation at having been treated unfairly

rebellion (反乱) [名] an act of violent or open resistance to an established government or ruler

国民はこの法律に非常に憤慨し、歴史によれば、このために六回も反乱が起こったという。

wherein one emperor lost his life, and another his crown.

another (もう一回) [形] one more; an additional

そのうち一回は皇帝が命を落とし、もう一回は皇帝が王冠を失った。

These civil commotions were constantly fomented by the monarchs of Blefuscu; and when they were quelled, the exiles always fled for refuge to that empire.

civil commotion (内乱) [名] a disturbance of the peace by an uprising of citizens

constantly (常に) [副] continuously over a period of time; always

foment (扇動する) [動] to stir up or instigate

quell (鎮圧する) [動] to put an end to by force

exile (亡命者) [名] a person who has been forced to leave their own country

flee (逃げ込む) [動] to run away from a place or situation

これらの内乱は、常にブレフスキュの君主たちによって扇動され、鎮圧されると、亡命者たちはいつもその帝国に逃げ込んだ。

It is computed that eleven thousand persons have, at several times, suffered death, rather than submit to break their eggs at the smaller end.

eleven thousand (十一万人) [名] the number 11000

suffer (選ぶ) [動] experience or be subjected to something bad or unpleasant

submit (従う) [動] yield to the authority or will of another

計算によると、卵の小さい方の先端を割る命令に従うよりも、死を選んだ人が何度かあって、その数は十一万人にのぼるという。

Many hundred large volumes have been published upon this controversy;

many hundred (何百冊もの) [名] a large number of

large volume (大著) [名] a book of great size

publish (出版する) [動] prepare and issue for public distribution

この論争については、何百冊もの大著が出版されている。

but the books of the Big-endians have been long forbidden, and the whole party rendered incapable by law of holding employments.

forbidden (禁止される) [動] not allowed; banned

whole (全体) [形] all of; the entire

employment (職) [名] the condition of having paid work

しかし、大端派の本は長い間禁止され、党全体が法律によって職に就けないようにされている。

During the course of these troubles, the emperors of Blefuscu did frequently expostulate by their ambassadors, accusing us of making a schism in religion by offending against a fundamental doctrine of our great prophet Lustrog, in the fifty-fourth chapter of the Blundecral, which is their Alcoran.

During the course of (さなか) [名] the time during which something happens

trouble (騒動) [名] difficulty or problems

expostulate (抗議する) [動] to express strong disapproval or disagreement

ambassador (大使) [名] the highest-ranking diplomat sent by a state to another state or to an international organization

accuse (非難する) [動] to charge someone with a crime or with having done something wrong

schism (分裂) [名] a division or separation

offend (反する) [動] to cause to feel upset, annoyed, or resentful

fundamental (根本的な) [形] forming a necessary base or core; of central importance

doctrine (教義) [名] a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a church, political party, or other group

prophet (預言者) [名] a person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God

Lustrog (ルストログ) [名] a fictional prophet in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

Blundecral (ブルンデクラル) [名] a fictional holy book in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

fifty-fourth (第五十四) [形] being the number that is four more than fifty

Alcoran (アルコーラン) [名] the sacred book of Islam

これらの騒動のさなか、ブレフスキュの皇帝は、彼らのアルコーランであるブルンデクラルの第五十四章にある、偉大な預言者ルストログの根本教義に反することによって、宗教に分裂をもたらしたとして、大使を通じて頻繁に抗議した。

This, however, is thought to be a mere strain upon the text;

this (これ) [代] the thing that is being discussed or referred to

be thought to be (と考えられている) [動] be of the opinion that

mere (単なる) [形] that is the only thing mentioned

strain (歪曲) [名] a force tending to distort or twist something out of shape

しかし、これは単なるテキストの歪曲であると考えられている。

for the words are these: That all true believers shall break their eggs at the convenient end;

believer (信者) [名] a person who believes in something

convenient (都合の良い) [形] suitable to one's needs or purposes

言葉はこうだ。すべての真の信者は、都合の良い端で卵を割らなければならない。

and which is the convenient end seems, in my humble opinion, to be left to every man’s conscience, or at least in the power of the chief magistrate to determine.

humble (卑見) [形] having or showing a modest or low estimate of one's own importance

chief magistrate (最高裁判官) [名] the highest judicial officer in a country or state

私の卑見では、どちらが都合の良い端かは、各自の良心に委ねられるか、少なくとも最高裁判官の決定権に委ねられるべきであるように思われる。

Now, the Big-endian exiles have found so much credit in the emperor of Blefuscu’s court, and so much private assistance and encouragement from their party here at home, that a bloody war has been carried on between the two empires for six-and-thirty moons, with various success;

Big-endian (大端派) [名] a person who breaks their eggs at the big end

credit (信頼) [名] the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that the customer will pay for them later

private (私的な) [形] belonging to or for the use of a particular person or group of people only

bloody (血まみれの) [形] covered in or involving blood

carry on (続く) [動] continue doing something

success (成功) [名] the accomplishment of an aim or purpose

さて、大端派の亡命者たちはブレフスキュの皇帝の宮廷で非常に信頼され、また、ここ本国にいる同党から多くの私的な援助と励ましを受け、両帝国間で三十六ヶ月にわたって血まみれの戦争が続けられ、様々な成功を収めた。

during which time we have lost forty capital ships, and a much greater number of smaller vessels, together with thirty thousand of our best seamen and soldiers;

capital ship (主力艦) [名] a warship of the largest and most heavily armed class

much greater number (はるかに多くの) [名] a number that is much larger than another

smaller vessel (小型船) [名] a ship that is smaller than average

together with (と共に) [副] in addition to; as well as

thirty thousand (三万) [名] the number 30,000

その間に、我々は四十隻の主力艦と、それよりもはるかに多くの小型船を失い、三万人の優秀な船員と兵士を失った。

and the damage received by the enemy is reckoned to be somewhat greater than ours.

damage (損害) [名] physical or mental harm or injury

reckon (見積もる) [動] calculate or estimate

敵が受けた損害は、我々が受けた損害よりもやや大きいと見積もられている。

However, they have now equipped a numerous fleet, and are just preparing to make a descent upon us;

equip (装備する) [動] supply with the necessary items for a particular purpose

numerous (多数の) [形] very many

しかし、彼らは今や多数の艦隊を装備し、我々を襲撃する準備を進めている。

and his imperial majesty, placing great confidence in your valor and strength, has commanded me to lay this account of his affairs before you.”

valor (勇気) [名] great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle

lay (提出する) [動] put something in a flat position on a surface

account (報告) [名] a statement of the facts or events of a situation

affair (国政) [名] an event or sequence of events of a specified kind that has already happened or is happening at the time of speaking

皇帝陛下は、あなたの勇気と強さを大いに信頼し、この国政の報告をあなたに提出するよう私に命じられました。」

I desired the secretary to present my humble duty to the emperor;

present (果たす) [動] to give or send as a gift

duty (義務) [名] a moral or legal obligation

私は書記官に、皇帝陛下に私の謙虚な義務を果たすようお願いした。

and to let him know that I thought it would not become me, who was a foreigner, to interfere with parties;

let know (伝える) [動] to inform someone of something

become (相応しい) [動] be appropriate or suitable for

interfere (干渉する) [動] to get involved in something that is not your concern

そして、外国人である私が党派に干渉するのは相応しくないと考えていることを伝えてほしいと頼んだ。

but I was ready, with the hazard of my life, to defend his person and state against all invaders.

ready (用意がある) [形] prepared or available for use

hazard (かける) [名] a danger or risk

state (国家) [名] a politically organized body of people usually occupying a definite territory

invader (侵略者) [名] someone who enters by force in order to take possession

しかし、私は命をかけて、皇帝陛下と国家をあらゆる侵略者から守る用意がある。

CHAPTER V

CHAPTER V (第五章) [名] the fifth chapter

第五章

THE AUTHOR, BY AN EXTRAORDINARY STRATAGEM, PREVENTS AN INVASION—A HIGH TITLE OF HONOR IS CONFERRED UPON HIM—AMBASSADORS ARRIVE FROM THE EMPEROR OF BLEFUSCU, AND SUE FOR PEACE.

stratagem (戦略) [名] a plan or scheme, especially one used to outwit an opponent or achieve an end

prevent (防ぐ) [動] keep from happening or arising

title (称号) [名] a name that describes someone's position or job

confer (授与される) [動] grant or bestow

sue (求める) [動] institute legal proceedings against a person or organization

著者は、異常な戦略によって侵略を防ぎ、名誉ある称号を授与され、ブレフスキュの皇帝から大使が到着し、和平を求める。

The empire of Blefuscu is an island situated to the northeast of Lilliput, from which it is parted only by a channel eight hundred yards wide.

northeast (北東) [名] the direction midway between north and east

channel (海峡) [名] a wide strait or narrow sea connecting two larger bodies of water

eight hundred (800) [数] the number 800

ブレフスキュ帝国は、リリパットの北東に位置する島で、幅800ヤードの海峡によって隔てられているだけである。

I had not yet seen it, and upon this notice of an intended invasion, I avoided appearing on that side of the coast, for fear of being discovered by some of the enemy’s ships, who had received no intelligence of me;

notice (知る) [名] information or warning that something is going to happen or has happened

intelligence (情報) [名] the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills

私はまだそれを見たことがなかったし、侵略の計画を知った私は、私の情報を受け取っていない敵の船に発見されることを恐れて、海岸のその側に姿を現さないようにした。

all intercourse between the two empires having been strictly forbidden during the war, upon pain of death, and an embargo laid by our emperor upon all vessels whatsoever.

intercourse (交流) [名] communication or dealings between people or groups

strictly (厳しく) [副] in a severe or rigorous manner

forbid (禁じる) [動] order (someone) not to do something

embargo (禁輸措置) [名] an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country

戦争中は両帝国間のあらゆる交流が死刑をもって厳しく禁じられ、我が皇帝はあらゆる船舶に禁輸措置をとっていた。

I communicated to his majesty a project I had formed of seizing the enemy’s whole fleet;

communicate (伝える) [動] share or exchange information

project (計画) [名] a plan or scheme to do something

私は敵の全艦隊を拿捕する計画を陛下に伝えた。

which, as our scouts assured us, lay at anchor in the harbor, ready to sail with the first fair wind.

scout (偵察員) [名] a person who goes ahead of a group to find out information

assure (確認する) [動] make sure or certain

lay at anchor (停泊する) [動] be anchored

harbor (港) [名] a sheltered place on the coast where ships can dock

sail (出航する) [動] travel by ship

偵察員が確認したところ、敵艦隊は港に停泊しており、最初の順風で出航する準備が整っているとのことだった。

I consulted the most experienced seamen upon the depth of the channel, which they had often plumbed;

experienced (経験豊富な) [形] having knowledge or skill gained through practice

plumb (測量する) [動] measure the depth of

私は最も経験豊富な船員に、彼らがよく測量した海峡の深さについて相談した。

who told me, that in the middle, at high water, it was seventy _glumgluffs_ deep, which is about six feet of European measure;

middle (真ん中) [名] the point or part that is equally distant from all sides, ends, or surfaces of something

high water (満潮) [名] the time when the tide is at its highest

glumgluffs (グルムグルフ) [名] a unit of length

deep (深さ) [名] the distance from the top to the bottom of something

feet (フィート) [名] a unit of length

measure (尺度) [名] a unit or standard of measurement

彼らは、満潮時の真ん中では深さ七十グルムグルフで、ヨーロッパの尺度では約六フィートだと教えてくれた。

and the rest of it fifty _glumgluffs_ at most.

fifty (五十) [名] the number 50

at most (せいぜい) [副] not more than; not greater than

残りの部分はせいぜい五十グルムグルフだ。

I walked towards the northeast coast, over against Blefuscu, and lying down behind a hillock, I took out my small pocket perspective glass, and viewed the enemy’s fleet at anchor, consisting of about fifty men of war, and a great number of transports;

lie down (横たわる) [動] be in or move into a horizontal position

perspective glass (望遠鏡) [名] an optical instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses, or of curved mirrors and lenses, by which rays of light are collected and focused and the res...

anchor (停泊する) [動] moor a ship

consist of (で構成されている) [動] be composed of

great (多数の) [形] of a size that is greater than normal or usual

transport (輸送船) [名] a ship or aircraft designed to carry people or goods

私はブレフスキュに面した北東の海岸に向かって歩き、小高い丘の陰に横たわり、小さなポケット望遠鏡を取り出して、停泊している敵艦隊を眺めた。艦隊は約五十隻の軍艦と多数の輸送船で構成されていた。

I then came back to my house, and gave orders (for which I had a warrant) for a great quantity of the strongest cable and bars of iron.

give orders (注文する) [動] issue a command or instruction

warrant (権限) [名] a document issued by a legal or government official authorizing the police or some other body to make an arrest, search premises, or carry out some other action

great quantity (大量) [名] a large amount

それから私は家に戻り、大量の最も強いケーブルと鉄の棒を注文した(私はその権限を持っていた)。

The cable was about as thick as packthread, and the bars of the length and size of a knitting needle.

thick (太さ) [形] having a large distance between opposite sides

bar (棒) [名] a long thin piece of wood or metal

size (太さ) [名] the measurement of something from side to side

knitting needle (編み針) [名] a needle with a blunt point at each end, used in knitting

ケーブルは荷造り用の紐と同じくらいの太さで、棒は編み針と同じくらいの長さと太さだった。

I trebled the cable to make it stronger, and for the same reason I twisted three of the iron bars together, bending the extremities into a hook.

treble (三重にする) [動] make three times as great or as many

twist (ねじる) [動] turn or cause to turn around and around

私はケーブルを三重にして強くし、同じ理由で鉄の棒を三本ねじり合わせて、両端を曲げてフック状にした。

Having thus fixed fifty hooks to as many cables, I went back to the northeast coast, and putting off my coat, shoes, and stockings, walked into the sea in my leathern jerkin, about half an hour before high water.

stocking (靴下) [名] a close-fitting covering for the foot and lower part of the leg

leathern (革の) [形] made of leather

half an hour (三十分) [名] thirty minutes

こうして五十本のケーブルに五十個のフックを固定してから、私は北東の海岸に戻り、上着、靴、靴下を脱いで、満潮の約三十分前に革の胴着を着て海の中に入っていった。

I waded with what haste I could, and swam in the middle about thirty yards, till I felt ground.

wade (歩く) [動] walk through water

haste (急ぐ) [名] hurry

私はできるだけ急いで歩き、真ん中あたりで三十ヤードほど泳いで、地面を感じた。

I arrived at the fleet in less than half an hour.

私は三十分もかからず艦隊に到着した。

The enemy were so frightened when they saw me, that they leaped out of their ships, and swam to shore, where there could not be fewer than thirty thousand souls.

frightened (驚く) [形] afraid or anxious

敵は私を見てとても驚き、船から飛び降りて岸まで泳いでいったが、そこには三万人以上の人々がいた。

I then took my tackling, and fastening a hook to the hole at the prow of each, I tied all the cords together at the end.

prow (船首) [名] the front part of a ship

cord (コード) [名] a long thin flexible material made from several twisted strands

それから私は道具を取り、それぞれの船首の穴にフックを固定し、端ですべてのコードを結び合わせた。

While I was thus employed, the enemy discharged several thousand arrows, many of which stuck in my hands and face;

employ (従事する) [動] use or engage

several thousand (数千) [形] a large number

many of which (その多くが) [代] a large number of

私がこうしている間に、敵は数千本の矢を放ち、その多くが私の手や顔に刺さった。

and besides the excessive smart, gave me much disturbance in my work.

disturbance (妨害) [名] an interruption of a settled and peaceful condition

そして、過度の痛みのほかに、私の仕事に大きな妨害を与えた。

My greatest apprehension was for my eyes, which I should have infallibly lost, if I had not suddenly thought of an expedient.

apprehension (心配) [名] a feeling of fear or worry about something that is happening or might happen

suddenly (急遽) [副] quickly and unexpectedly

expedient (方策) [名] a means of achieving a particular end

私の最大の心配は目で、もし私が急遽方策を思いつかなければ、間違いなく失明していただろう。

I kept, among other little necessaries, a pair of spectacles in a private pocket, which, as I observed before, had escaped the emperor’s searchers.

keep (入れる) [動] have or maintain in one's possession

among (中に) [前] in the middle of

pair (1組) [名] two things of the same type that are used together

spectacles (眼鏡) [名] a pair of lenses in a frame that are worn in front of a person's eyes to correct vision or protect the eyes

私は、他の小さな必需品の中に、前に述べたように皇帝の捜索を逃れた、秘密のポケットに眼鏡を入れていた。

These I took out and fastened as strongly as I could upon my nose, and, thus armed, went on boldly with my work, in spite of the enemy’s arrows, many of which struck against the glasses of my spectacles, but without any other effect further than a little to discompose them.

go on (続ける) [動] continue

strike (当たる) [動] come into forcible contact with

glass (ガラス) [名] a hard and brittle substance consisting of a mixture of silicates and other compounds

discompose (乱す) [動] disturb the composure of

私はこれを取り出し、できるだけ強く鼻に固定し、こうして武装して、敵の矢にもかかわらず、大胆に仕事を続けた。敵の矢の多くは私の眼鏡のガラスに当たったのだが、眼鏡を少し乱す以外には何の効果もなかった。

I had now fastened all the hooks, and taking the knot in my hand, began to pull;

knot (結び目) [名] an intertwining of the parts of one or more flexible bodies such as strings or threads

pull (引っ張る) [動] exert force on (someone or something) so as to move them toward oneself or the origin of the force

私は今やすべてのフックを固定し、結び目を手に取って引っ張り始めた。

but not a ship would stir, for they were all too fast held by their anchors, so that the boldest part of my enterprise remained.

anchor (錨) [名] a heavy object attached to a ship or boat by a cable or chain and used to keep it in a particular place

remain (残る) [動] be left after others or other parts have been removed or used

しかし、船はどれも動かなかった。なぜなら、船はどれも錨であまりにも強く固定されていたからで、私の計画の最も大胆な部分が残っていた。

I therefore let go the cord, and leaving the hooks fixed to the ships, I resolutely cut with my knife the cables that fastened the anchors, receiving about two hundred arrows in my face and hands;

let go (放す) [動] release one's hold on

resolutely (断固として) [副] in a determined manner

cut (切断する) [動] divide or separate with a sharp-edged tool

そのため、私はロープを放し、フックを船に固定したまま、錨を固定しているケーブルをナイフで断固として切断し、顔と手に約二百本の矢を受けた。

then I took up the knotted end of the cables to which my hooks were tied, and with great ease drew fifty of the enemy’s largest men of war after me.

take up (持ち上げる) [動] lift or pick up

knotted (結び目のある) [形] having a knot

ease (楽に) [名] freedom from difficulty or effort

draw (引きずっていった) [動] pull or move something

それから、私はフックが結び付けられているケーブルの結び目のある端を持ち上げ、敵の最大の戦艦五十隻を非常に楽に引きずっていった。

The Blefuscudians, who had not the least imagination of what I intended, were at first confounded with astonishment.

Blefuscudians (ブレフスキューの人々) [名] the people of Blefuscu

imagination (想像) [名] the ability to form new images and ideas in the mind

私の意図を少しも想像していなかったブレフスキューの人々は、最初は驚きで混乱していた。

They had seen me cut the cables, and thought my design was only to let the ships run adrift, or fall foul on each other;

run adrift (漂流する) [動] float without control

fall foul (衝突する) [動] collide with

彼らは私がケーブルを切断するのを見ていたので、私の計画は船を漂流させたり、互いに衝突させたりするだけだと思っていた。

but when they perceived the whole fleet moving in order, and saw me pulling at the end, they set up such a scream of grief and despair as is almost impossible to describe or conceive.

move (動く) [動] change position

order (整然と) [名] a state of peace, lawfulness, and obedience to authority

set up (上げる) [動] cause to be in an upright or vertical position

scream (叫び声) [名] a loud, high-pitched cry

despair (絶望) [名] the complete loss or absence of hope

conceive (想像する) [動] form an idea or notion of

しかし、艦隊全体が整然と動いているのに気づき、私が最後尾を引っ張っているのを見て、彼らは悲しみと絶望の叫び声を上げたが、それはほとんど説明も想像もできないほどだった。

When I had got out of danger, I stopped awhile to pick out the arrows that stuck in my hands and face;

get out of (逃れる) [動] escape from

danger (危険) [名] exposure to or risk of injury, pain, harm, or loss

stop (立ち止まる) [動] cease moving

pick out (抜く) [動] remove something from a larger mass or group

危険から逃れた私は、手や顔に刺さった矢を抜くためにしばらく立ち止まった。

and rubbed on some of the same ointment that was given me at my first arrival, as I have formerly mentioned.

rub on (塗る) [動] apply by rubbing

そして、前に述べたように、最初に到着した時にもらった軟膏を塗った。

I then took off my spectacles, and waiting about an hour till the tide was a little fallen, I waded through the middle with my cargo, and arrived safe at the royal port of Lilliput.

take off (外す) [動] remove something from the body

cargo (荷物) [名] goods carried on a ship, aircraft, or motor vehicle

safe (無事に) [形] not likely to cause or be affected by injury, danger, or loss

port (港) [名] a town or city with a harbor where ships load or unload

それから私は眼鏡を外し、潮が少し引くまで一時間ほど待って、荷物を抱えて真ん中を歩き、無事にリリパットの王立港に到着した。

The emperor and his whole court stood on the shore, expecting the issue of this great adventure.

皇帝とその廷臣たちは、この大冒険の結末を期待して岸に立っていた。

They saw the ships move forward in a large half-moon, but could not discern me, who was up to my breast in water.

move forward (前進する) [動] move ahead

half-moon (半月) [名] the moon when only half of its disk is illuminated

彼らは船が大きな半月状に前進するのを見たが、胸まで水に浸かっている私を判別することはできなかった。

When I advanced to the middle of the channel, they were yet more in pain, because I was under water to my neck.

channel (水路) [名] a wide strait connecting two large bodies of water

私が水路の真ん中まで進むと、首まで水に浸かっていたので、彼らはさらに苦しんだ。

The emperor concluded me to be drowned, and that the enemy’s fleet was approaching in a hostile manner.

drown (溺れる) [動] die through submersion in and inhalation of water

approach (近づく) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker

hostile (敵対的な) [形] showing or feeling opposition or dislike; unfriendly

皇帝は私が溺れたと結論し、敵の艦隊が敵対的な態度で近づいていると判断した。

But he was soon eased of his fears;

ease (解放される) [動] make or become less painful or difficult

しかし、彼はすぐに恐怖から解放された。

for the channel growing shallower every step I made, I came in a short time within hearing, and holding up the end of the cable, by which the fleet was fastened, I cried in a loud voice, “Long live the most puissant emperor of Lilliput!”

grow shallower (浅くなる) [動] become less deep

step (歩く) [名] the action of moving by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

hearing (聞こえる範囲) [名] the ability to hear

long live (万歳) [動] a phrase expressing loyalty to a particular person or group

水路は私が歩くたびに浅くなり、私はすぐに聞こえる範囲まで来ると、艦隊を固定しているケーブルの端を持ち上げ、「リリパットの最も強力な皇帝よ、万歳!」と大声で叫んだ。

This great prince received me at my landing with all possible encomiums, and created me a _nardac_ upon the spot, which is the highest title of honor among them.

possible (あらゆる) [形] that may be done or achieved

encomium (賛辞) [名] a speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly

create (任命する) [動] cause to come into being; make or produce

この偉大な君主は、私が上陸した際にはあらゆる賛辞をもって私を迎え、その場で私をナルダックに任命したが、これは彼らの中で最高の栄誉ある称号である。

His majesty desired I would take some other opportunity of bringing all the rest of the enemy’s ships into his ports.

His majesty (陛下) [名] a title used to address or refer to a king or queen

opportunity (機会) [名] a time or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something

陛下は、私が他の機会に敵の残りの船をすべて彼の港に連れてくることを望んだ。

And so unmeasurable is the ambition of princes, that he seemed to think of nothing less than reducing the whole empire of Blefuscu into a province, and governing it by a viceroy;

unmeasurable (計り知れない) [形] too great or extreme to be measured

ambition (野望) [名] a strong desire to achieve something

reduce (縮小する) [動] make or become smaller or less

province (州) [名] a large area of a country

govern (統治する) [動] rule or control

viceroy (副王) [名] a ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign

そして、君主の野望は計り知れず、彼はブレフスキュ帝国全体を一つの州に縮小し、副王によって統治すること以外は何も考えていないようだった。

of destroying the Big-endian exiles, and compelling that people to break the smaller end of their eggs, by which he would remain the sole monarch of the whole world.

compel (強いる) [動] force or oblige (someone) to do something

sole (唯一の) [形] one and only

world (世界) [名] the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

大端派の亡命者を滅ぼし、国民に卵の小端を割らせることで、彼は全世界の唯一の君主であり続けるだろう。

But I endeavored to divert him from this design, by many arguments drawn from the topics of policy as well as justice;

policy (政策) [名] a course or principle of action adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual

しかし、私は正義だけでなく政策の話題からも多くの議論を引き出し、彼をこの計画からそらすように努力した。

and I plainly protested that I would never be an instrument of bringing a free and brave people into slavery.

protest (抗議する) [動] express an objection to

brave (勇敢な) [形] ready to face and endure danger or pain; showing courage

slavery (奴隷) [名] the state of being a slave

そして、私は自由で勇敢な人々を奴隷にする道具には絶対にならないと明確に抗議した。

And when the latter was debated in council, the wisest part of the ministry were of my opinion.

be debated (議論される) [動] discuss or argue about (something)

wisest (最も賢い) [形] having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment

そして、後者が評議会で議論されたとき、大臣の最も賢い部分は私の意見だった。

This open, bold declaration of mine was so opposite to the schemes and politics of his imperial majesty, that he could never forgive me.

open (公然とした) [形] not secret or hidden

declaration (宣言) [名] a formal statement about something

opposite (反する) [形] being the other of a pair of things

scheme (計画) [名] a plan or program of action

forgive (許す) [動] stop feeling angry or resentful toward someone for an offense, flaw, or mistake

私のこの公然とした大胆な宣言は、皇帝陛下の計画や政策にあまりにも反していたので、彼は私を決して許すことはできなかった。

He mentioned it in a very artful manner at council, where I was told that some of the wisest appeared, at least, by their silence, to be of my opinion;

mention (述べる) [動] to speak about briefly

artful (巧妙な) [形] done with or exhibiting art or skill

wise (賢い) [形] having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment

silence (沈黙) [名] the absence of sound or noise

彼は評議会で非常に巧妙な方法でそれを述べたが、そこでは最も賢い人の何人かが、少なくとも沈黙によって私の意見に賛成しているように見えたと聞いた。

but others, who were my secret enemies, could not forbear some expressions which by a side wind reflected on me;

forbear (我慢する) [動] refrain from doing something

reflect (反映する) [動] throw back light, heat, or sound without absorbing it

side wind (横風) [名] a wind that blows from the side

しかし、私の隠れた敵である他の人々は、横風によって私に反映されたいくつかの表現を我慢できなかった。

and from this time began an intrigue between his majesty, and a junto of ministers maliciously bent against me, which broke out in less than two months, and had like to have ended in my utter destruction.

from this time (この時から) [副] from now on

maliciously (悪意を抱く) [副] in a deliberately harmful way

against (に対して) [前] in opposition to

break out (勃発する) [動] start suddenly

two months (二ヶ月) [名] a period of eight weeks

utter (完全な) [形] complete and total

destruction (破滅) [名] the action or process of causing so much damage to something that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired

そして、この時から陛下と私に悪意を抱く大臣たちの一派との間で陰謀が始まり、それは二ヶ月も経たないうちに勃発し、私の完全な破滅に終わったようだった。

Of so little weight are the greatest services to princes when put into the balance with a refusal to gratify their passions.

weight (重み) [名] the amount that something weighs

service (奉仕) [名] the action of helping or doing work for someone

passion (情熱) [名] a strong feeling of enthusiasm or excitement

君主への最大の奉仕も、彼らの情熱を満足させることを拒否することと天秤にかけると、それほど重みがない。

About three weeks after this exploit there arrived a solemn embassy from Blefuscu, with humble offers of a peace;

about three weeks (約三週間) [名] a period of time

this (この) [限] the person or thing mentioned or present

exploit (功績) [名] a bold or daring feat

embassy (使節団) [名] the official office of a diplomat

この功績から約三週間後、ブレフスキュから厳粛な使節団が到着し、謙虚に和平を申し出た。

which was soon concluded upon conditions very advantageous to our emperor, wherewith I shall not trouble the reader.

conclude (結ぶ) [動] bring to an end

それはすぐに我々の皇帝にとって非常に有利な条件で結ばれたが、その内容については読者を煩わせることはしない。

There were six ambassadors with a train of about five hundred persons;

大使は六人で、随行員は約五百人だった。

and their entry was very magnificent, suitable to the grandeur of their master and the importance of their business.

entry (入場) [名] the action of going or coming in

magnificent (壮大な) [形] impressively beautiful or impressive in size or scale

suitable (ふさわしい) [形] right or appropriate for a particular person, purpose, or situation

grandeur (威厳) [名] splendor and impressiveness in appearance or style

importance (重要さ) [名] the state or fact of having great worth or significance

彼らの入場は、主人の威厳と用事の重要さにふさわしく、とても壮大なものだった。

When their treaty was finished, wherein I did them several good offices by the credit I now had, or at least appeared to have, at court, their excellencies, who were privately told how much I had been their friend, made me a visit in form.

treaty (条約) [名] a formal agreement between two or more states or international organizations

do (果たす) [動] perform, execute, or accomplish

good office (良い役目) [名] a service or favor

excellency (閣下) [名] a title of honor for certain high officials

privately (内緒に) [副] in a private manner

make (訪問する) [動] go or travel to a place

form (正式に) [名] the established method of doing something

彼らの条約が結ばれると、私は宮廷で今持っている、あるいは少なくとも持っているように見える信用によって、彼らにいくつかの良い役目を果たしたが、私がどれほど彼らの友人であったかを内緒にされていた彼らの閣下は、私を正式に訪問した。

They began with many compliments upon my valor and generosity, invited me to that kingdom in the emperor their master’s name, and desired me to show them some proofs of my prodigious strength, of which they had heard so many wonders;

compliment (褒め称える) [動] express praise or admiration for

invite (招待する) [動] ask someone to come to an event or place

proof (証拠) [名] evidence or argument establishing a fact or the truth of a statement

彼らは私の勇気と寛大さを褒め称えることから始め、主人である皇帝の名において私をその王国に招待し、彼らが非常に多くの驚異を耳にした私の驚異的な力の証拠を見せてほしいと頼んだ。

wherein I readily obliged them, but shall not trouble the reader with the particulars.

readily (喜んで) [副] without difficulty or hesitation

oblige (応じる) [動] do a favor for

私は喜んで彼らに応じたが、読者に詳細を話すつもりはない。

When I had for some time entertained their excellencies, to their infinite satisfaction and surprise, I desired they would do me the honor to present my most humble respects to the emperor their master, the renown of whose virtues had so justly filled the whole world with admiration, and whose royal person I resolved to attend before I returned to my own country.

for some time (しばらく) [副] for a period of time

infinite (無限の) [形] having no limits or boundaries

satisfaction (満足) [名] the feeling of fulfillment or happiness

surprise (驚き) [名] a feeling of sudden wonder or astonishment

present (表する) [動] to give or show

respect (敬意) [名] a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something

virtue (美徳) [名] a quality considered morally good or desirable

renown (名声) [名] the state of being widely known and highly regarded

attend (付き従う) [動] to go with someone as a companion or escort

私がしばらく彼らの閣下をもてなして、彼らを無限に満足させ、驚かせた後、私は彼らに、その美徳の名声が全世界を賞賛で満たした皇帝陛下に、私の最も謙虚な敬意を表する栄誉を与えてほしいと頼んだ。

Accordingly, the next time I had the honor to see our emperor, I desired his general license to wait on the Blefuscudian monarch, which he was pleased to grant me, as I could perceive, in a very cold manner;

next time (次に) [名] the next occasion

have the honor to (栄誉に浴する) [動] be honored to

see (拝謁する) [動] have a meeting with

general license (一般的な許可) [名] a license that is not limited to a specific person or group

wait on (仕える) [動] serve

perceive (感じる) [動] become aware or conscious of

cold manner (冷たい態度) [名] a way of behaving that is not friendly or welcoming

それに従って、次に私が皇帝に拝謁する栄誉に浴した時、私はブレフスキュの君主に仕えるための一般的な許可を願い出たが、皇帝は私が感じた限りでは、非常に冷たい態度で許可を与えてくれた。

but could not guess the reason, till I had a whisper from a certain person, that Flimnap and Bolgolam had represented my intercourse with those ambassadors as a mark of disaffection;

guess (推測する) [動] estimate or suppose (something) without having all the facts; conjecture

till (まで) [接] up to (the point in time or the event mentioned)

whisper (内緒話) [名] a soft or confidential tone of voice

disaffection (不満) [名] a feeling of dissatisfaction or disapproval

しかし、ある人物から、フリムナップとボルゴラムが私の大使との交渉を不満の印だと報告したという内緒話を聞いたまでは、その理由を推測できなかった。

from which I am sure my heart was wholly free.

私の心は全く自由だった。

And this was the first time I began to conceive some imperfect idea of courts and ministers.

conceive (抱く) [動] become pregnant with

imperfect (不完全な) [形] not perfect; having a defect or weakness

そして、これが私が宮廷や大臣について不完全な考えを抱き始めた最初の機会だった。

It is to be observed, that these ambassadors spoke to me by an interpreter, the languages of both empires differing as much from each other as any two in Europe, and each nation priding itself upon the antiquity, beauty, and energy of their own tongues, with an avowed contempt for that of their neighbor;

be to be observed (注目すべきである) [動] be worthy of notice

speak to (話しかける) [動] talk to

interpreter (通訳) [名] a person who translates orally

differ (異なる) [動] be unlike or dissimilar

pride oneself on (誇りに思う) [動] be proud of

antiquity (古代) [名] the ancient past

beauty (美しさ) [名] the quality or aggregate of qualities in a person or thing that gives pleasure to the senses or pleasurably exalts the mind or spirit

energy (エネルギー) [名] the ability to be active

neighbor (隣国) [名] a person who lives next door or nearby

contempt (軽蔑) [名] the act of despising

注目すべきは、これらの大使は通訳を介して私に話しかけたことで、両帝国の言語はヨーロッパのどの二つの言語とも同じくらい異なり、各国は隣国の言語を公然と軽蔑しながら、自国の言語の古代性、美しさ、エネルギーを誇りにしていた。

yet our emperor, standing upon the advantage he had got by the seizure of their fleet, obliged them to deliver their credentials, and make their speech in the Lilliputian tongue.

yet (それでも) [接] nevertheless; even so; still

stand upon (立つ) [動] be based on

advantage (優位) [名] a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position

seizure (拿捕) [名] the action of capturing someone or something using force

credential (信任状) [名] a document that gives proof of a person's identity or qualifications

Lilliputian (リリパット) [名] an inhabitant of Lilliput

tongue (言語) [名] a language

それでも我々の皇帝は、彼らの艦隊を拿捕したことで得た優位に立って、彼らに信任状を渡し、リリパットの言語で演説することを義務付けた。

And it must be confessed, that from the great intercourse of trade and commerce between both realms, from the continual reception of exiles which is mutual among them, and from the custom in each empire to send their young nobility and richer gentry to the other, in order to polish themselves by seeing the world, and understanding men and manners, there are few persons of distinction, or merchants, or seamen, who dwell in the maritime parts, but what can hold conversation in both tongues;

realm (国) [名] a kingdom; a country

reception (受け入れ) [名] the action or process of receiving something sent, given, or delivered

gentry (紳士) [名] people of good social position, especially the upper classes of a country who are not members of the nobility

polish (磨く) [動] to make smooth or shiny by rubbing

distinction (著名人) [名] a quality or feature that makes somebody or something different from others

merchant (商人) [名] a person who buys and sells goods in large quantities, especially one who trades with foreign countries

dwell (住む) [動] to live in a place

maritime (海岸) [形] connected with the sea, especially in relation to seaborne trade or naval matters

そして、両国間の貿易や商業の盛んな交流、両国間の亡命者の受け入れ、そして各帝国で若い貴族や裕福な紳士を他国に送り、世界を見て人々やマナーを理解することで自分を磨くという習慣から、海岸部に住む著名人や商人、船員で両方の言語で会話ができる人はほとんどいないことを認めざるを得ない。

as I found some weeks after, when I went to pay my respects to the emperor of Blefuscu, which, in the midst of great misfortunes through the malice of my enemies, proved a very happy adventure to me, as I shall relate in its proper place.

some weeks after (数週間後) [名] a period of seven days

pay one's respects (敬意を表する) [動] show respect or admiration for

midst (真っ只中) [名] the middle part or point

misfortune (不幸) [名] bad luck

prove (なる) [動] to be found to be; to turn out to be

happy (幸せ) [形] feeling or showing pleasure or contentment

数週間後、私がブレフスキュの皇帝に敬意を表しに行った時、敵の悪意による大きな不幸の真っ只中に、私にとって非常に幸せな冒険となったことを知った。

The reader may remember, that when I signed those articles upon which I recovered my liberty, there were some which I disliked upon account of their being too servile;

remember (覚えている) [動] have in or be able to bring to one's mind an awareness of something that has been forgotten

recover (取り戻す) [動] get back

dislike (嫌い) [動] feel distaste for

servile (卑屈) [形] having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others

読者は覚えているかもしれないが、私が自由を取り戻すために署名した条項の中には、あまりにも卑屈すぎるという理由で嫌いなものがあった。

neither could anything but an extreme necessity have forced me to submit.

could (できた) [助] be able to

anything (何も) [代] something

but (以外には) [接] other than

extreme (極めて) [形] very great in degree

necessity (必要) [名] the quality or state of being necessary

force (迫る) [動] make someone do something against their will

私を従わせることができたのは、極めて必要に迫られたこと以外には何もなかった。

But being now a _nardac_ of the highest rank in that empire, such offices were looked upon as below my dignity, and the emperor (to do him justice) never once mentioned them to me.

highest rank (最高位) [名] the highest position in a hierarchy

look upon (見なす) [動] regard or consider in a specified way

dignity (尊厳) [名] the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect

justice (公正) [名] just behavior or treatment

mention (言及する) [動] refer to briefly

しかし、今やこの帝国で最高位のナルダックとなった私にとって、そのような役職は私の尊厳に値しないものと見なされ、皇帝は(公正を期すために)一度も私にそれらについて言及することはなかった。

CHAPTER VI

第六章

OF THE INHABITANTS OF LILLIPUT;

OF THE INHABITANTS OF LILLIPUT (リリパットの住民について) [名] the inhabitants of Lilliput

リリパットの住民について

THEIR LEARNING, LAWS, AND CUSTOMS;

custom (風習) [名] a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time

彼らの学問、法律、風習について

THE MANNER OF EDUCATING THEIR CHILDREN—

educate (教育する) [動] teach or train someone

child (子供) [名] a young human being below the age of puberty or below the legal age of majority

子供の教育方法について

THE AUTHOR’S WAY OF LIVING IN THAT COUNTRY—

way of living (生活) [名] the way in which one lives

その国での著者の生活について

HIS VINDICATION OF A GREAT LADY.

vindication (弁護) [名] the action of clearing someone of blame or suspicion

著者が高貴な女性を弁護したことについて

Although I intend to leave the description of this empire to a particular treatise, yet in the meantime I am content to gratify the curious reader with some general ideas.

leave (残す) [動] go away from a place

treatise (論文) [名] a formal and systematic written work on a particular subject

meantime (それまでは) [名] the intervening period of time

content (満足させる) [動] make happy or satisfied

general (一般的な) [形] affecting or concerning all or most people, places, or things; widespread

私はこの帝国の説明を特別な論文に残すつもりだが、それまでは好奇心旺盛な読者を満足させるために、いくつかの一般的な考えを述べておくことにする。

As the common size of the natives is somewhat under six inches high, so there is an exact proportion in all other animals, as well as plants and trees;

common size (平均的な身長) [名] the average size of something

somewhat (弱) [副] to a small extent

under (下) [前] below

there is (ある) [動] to exist

exact proportion (同じ比率) [名] a ratio in which the quantities are equal

all other (他のすべて) [限] the remaining ones

原住民の平均的な身長は6インチ弱なので、他の動物や植物や木々もすべて同じ比率になっている。

for instance, the tallest horses and oxen are between four and five inches in height, the sheep an inch and a half, more or less;

for instance (例えば) [副] as an example

tallest (一番背の高い) [形] of the greatest height

ox (牛) [名] a large domesticated mammal with horns and cloven hooves, kept for milk or meat

an inch and a half (1インチ半) [名] 1.5 inches

more or less (ほど) [副] approximately

例えば、一番背の高い馬や牛は4インチから5インチ、羊は1インチ半ほどである。

their geese about the bigness of a sparrow, and so the several gradations downwards, till you come to the smallest, which to my sight were almost invisible;

goose (ガチョウ) [名] a large water bird with a long neck

sparrow (雀) [名] a small bird

gradation (段階) [名] a gradual change in size, amount, or quality

sight (視界) [名] the ability to see

invisible (見えない) [形] unable to be seen

ガチョウは雀ほどの大きさで、それから段々と小さくなっていき、一番小さいものは私の目にはほとんど見えなかった。

but nature has adapted the eyes of the Lilliputians to all objects proper for their view;

nature (自然) [名] the natural world as it exists without human beings or civilization

adapt (適応させる) [動] make suitable for a new use or purpose

Lilliputian (リリパット人) [名] a person of very small stature

view (視界) [名] the range of vision that can be seen at any given moment

しかし、自然はリリパット人の目を彼らの視界に適したすべての物体に適応させている。

they see with great exactness, but at no great distance.

exactness (正確に) [名] the quality of being exact

彼らは非常に正確に見ることができるが、遠くを見ることはできない。

And to show the sharpness of their sight towards objects that are near, I have been much pleased in observing a cook pulling a lark, which was not so large as a common fly;

show (示す) [動] to make visible or noticeable

sharpness (鋭さ) [名] the quality of being sharp

object (物体) [名] a thing that you can see or touch but that is not alive

near (近く) [形] not far away

lark (ヒバリ) [名] a small brown bird that sings

fly (ハエ) [名] a small flying insect

そして、近くにある物体に対する視力の鋭さを示すために、私は普通のハエほど大きくないヒバリを料理人が引っ張っているのを観察してとても喜んだ。

and a young girl threading an invisible needle with invisible silk.

thread (通す) [動] pass through a narrow opening

invisible (目に見えない) [形] not able to be seen

needle (針) [名] a small, thin, sharp metal object with a point at one end and a hole for thread at the other

silk (絹) [名] a fine, strong, soft, lustrous fiber produced by silkworms and used to make cloth

そして、若い娘が目に見えない針に目に見えない絹の糸を通しているのを観察してとても喜んだ。

Their tallest trees are about seven feet high: I mean some of those in the great royal park, the tops whereof I could but just reach with my fist clenched.

mean (つまり) [動] intend to convey, indicate, or refer to (something)

whereof (その) [代] of which

fist (こぶし) [名] a hand with the fingers closed tightly into the palm, typically in order to strike a blow or grasp something

clenched (握りしめた) [形] held or held together tightly or forcibly

彼らの一番高い木は高さ約七フィートである。つまり、私が握りこぶしを握ってちょうど届く程度の、大きな王立公園にある木のことだ。

The other vegetables are in the same proportion;

vegetable (野菜) [名] a plant or part of a plant that is eaten as food

proportion (比率) [名] the relationship of one part to another or to the whole with regard to size, quantity, or degree

他の野菜も同じ比率である。

but this I leave to the reader’s imagination.

しかし、これは読者の想像力に任せる。

I shall say but little at present of their learning, which for many ages has flourished in all its branches among them;

at present (今のところ) [副] at the present time; now

for many ages (長い年月をかけて) [副] for a long time

私は今のところ、彼らの学問についてはほとんど語らないが、それは長い年月をかけて彼らの間であらゆる分野で栄えてきた。

but their manner of writing is very peculiar, being neither from the left to the right, like the Europeans;

European (ヨーロッパ人) [名] a person from Europe

しかし、彼らの書き方は非常に独特で、ヨーロッパ人のように左から右へ書くわけでもなければ、

nor from the right to the left, like the Arabians;

Arabian (アラビア人) [名] a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and now inhabiting much of the Middle East and North Africa

アラビア人のように右から左へ書くわけでもない。

nor from up to down, like the Chinese;

Chinese (中国人) [名] a person from China

中国人のように上から下へ書くわけでもない。

nor from down to up, like the Cascagians;

Cascagians (カスカギア人) [名] a member of a tribe of American Indians who lived in the area of present-day Oregon

カスカギア人のように下から上へ書くわけでもない。

but aslant, from one corner of the paper to the other, like ladies in England.

aslant (斜めに) [副] in a slanting direction

corner (端) [名] the place where two or more edges meet

England (イギリス) [名] a country in Europe

イギリスの女性のように、紙の端から端まで斜めに書くのである。

They bury their dead with their heads directly downward, because they hold an opinion that in eleven thousand moons they are all to rise again;

bury (埋葬する) [動] put a dead body into the ground

dead (死者) [名] a person who has died

directly (真下) [副] in a straight line

rise (復活する) [動] go up

彼らは死者を頭を真下にして埋葬するが、それは一万一千の月が経つと死者は皆復活するという考えを持っているからである。

in which period the earth (which they conceive to be flat) will turn upside down, and by this means they shall, at their resurrection, be found ready standing on their feet.

period (期間) [名] a length of time

turn upside down (ひっくり返る) [動] to be turned over so that the top is now the bottom

resurrection (復活) [名] the act of coming back to life

stand on one's feet (自分の足で立つ) [動] to be independent and self-reliant

その期間に(彼らが平らだと考える)地球はひっくり返り、この方法で彼らは復活した時に、すぐに自分の足で立つことができるようになるというわけだ。

The learned among them confess the absurdity of this doctrine;

confess (認める) [動] admit to be true or to be the case, typically with reluctance

absurdity (不条理) [名] the quality or state of being ridiculous or wildly unreasonable

彼らの中の学者はこの教義の不条理を認めている。

but the practice still continues, in compliance to the vulgar.

still (今も) [副] even now or at this time

continue (続く) [動] keep doing something

compliance (応えて) [名] the action or fact of complying with a wish or command

vulgar (俗人) [名] a person lacking in good breeding or taste

しかし、この慣習は俗人の要求に応えて、今も続いている。

There are some laws and customs in this empire very peculiar;

この帝国には非常に独特な法律や風習がいくつかある。

and if they were not so directly contrary to those of my own dear country, I should be tempted to say a little in their justification.

if (もし) [接] on the condition or supposition that; in the event that

contrary (反する) [形] opposite in nature or character

country (祖国) [名] the nation in which one is born or has legal citizenship

justification (正当化) [名] the action of showing something to be right or reasonable

a little (少しばかり) [副] to a small extent; slightly

そして、もしそれらが私の愛する祖国の法律や風習にそれほど真っ向から反するものでなければ、私はそれらを正当化するために少しばかり弁護したいところだ。

It is only to be wished they were as well executed.

be to be wished (望む) [動] to want or wish for

be executed (実行される) [動] to be carried out or put into effect

それが同じように実行されることを望むだけだ。

The first I shall mention relates to informers.

relate to (関する) [動] be connected with or relevant to

最初に私が言及するのは密告者に関することだ。

All crimes against the state are punished here with the utmost severity;

crime (犯罪) [名] an act that breaks the law

punish (罰する) [動] inflict a penalty or sanction on

severity (厳しさ) [名] the quality or state of being severe

国家に対する犯罪はすべて、ここでは極めて厳しく罰せられる。

but if the person accused makes his innocence plainly to appear upon his trial, the accuser is immediately put to an ignominious death;

accused (被告人) [名] a person who is on trial for a crime

innocence (無実) [名] the state of being not guilty of a crime

trial (裁判) [名] a formal examination of evidence and of the law in a court of law to decide if someone is guilty of a crime

accuser (告訴人) [名] a person who makes a formal accusation against someone

immediately (即座に) [副] at once; without delay

ignominious (不名誉な) [形] deserving or causing public disgrace or shame

しかし、もし被告人が裁判で無実を明らかにしたならば、告訴人は即座に不名誉な死刑に処せられる。

and out of his goods or lands the innocent person is quadruply recompensed for the loss of his time, for the danger he underwent, for the hardship of his imprisonment, and for all the charges he has been at in making his defense;

goods (財産) [名] a thing or things belonging to someone

innocent (無実の) [形] not guilty of a crime or offense

quadruply (四倍の) [副] four times as much or as many

recompense (賠償) [名] a reward or punishment

loss (損失) [名] the fact or process of losing something or someone

hardship (苦難) [名] a state or condition of severe difficulty or misfortune

imprisonment (投獄) [名] the state of being confined in prison

defense (弁護) [名] the action of defending from or resisting attack

そして、無実の人は、告訴人の財産や土地から、時間の損失、被った危険、投獄の苦難、弁護に要したすべての費用に対して、四倍の賠償を受ける。

or, if that fund be deficient, it is largely supplied by the crown.

fund (資金) [名] a sum of money saved or made available for a particular purpose

be deficient (不足している) [動] be lacking in something

largely (多額の) [副] to a great extent

あるいは、その資金が不足している場合は、王室から多額の補償を受ける。

The emperor does also confer on him some public mark of his favor, and proclamation is made of his innocence through the whole city.

皇帝もまた、公然と恩寵を与え、その無実を全市に布告する。

They look upon fraud as a greater crime than theft, and therefore seldom fail to punish it with death;

fraud (詐欺) [名] a person who deceives others, especially by pretending to be someone else in order to gain an advantage

theft (窃盗) [名] the action or crime of stealing

greater (より重い) [形] larger or more important

fail (失敗する) [動] be unsuccessful in achieving one's goal

彼らは詐欺を窃盗よりも重い犯罪と見なし、そのため、詐欺を死刑に処すことはめったにない。

for they allege, that care and vigilance, with a very common understanding, may preserve a man’s goods from thieves, but honesty has no fence against superior cunning;

allege (主張する) [動] assert without proof or before proving

care (注意) [名] serious attention or consideration applied to doing something correctly or to avoid damage or risk

vigilance (警戒心) [名] the action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties

understanding (理解力) [名] the ability to understand something

preserve (守る) [動] keep in its original state or in good condition

thief (泥棒) [名] a person who steals

honesty (正直さ) [名] the quality of being honest

fence (防御) [名] a barrier enclosing an area of ground to control access or escape

superior (優れた) [形] higher in rank, status, or quality

cunning (狡猾さ) [名] having or showing skill in achieving one's ends by deceit or evasion

彼らは、注意と警戒心、そしてごく普通の理解力があれば、人の財産を泥棒から守ることはできるが、正直さは優れた狡猾さに対しては防御のしようがないと主張している。

and since it is necessary that there should be a perpetual intercourse of buying and selling, and dealing upon credit, where fraud is permitted and connived at, or has no law to punish it, the honest dealer is always undone, and the knave gets the advantage.

be necessary (必要である) [動] be required or essential

perpetual (永続的な) [形] continuing forever or for a very long time

buying (売買) [名] the action of buying something

selling (売買) [名] the action of selling something

dealing (取引) [名] the action of doing business with someone

permitted (許される) [動] allow (something) to happen

connived (黙認される) [動] secretly allow or encourage (something immoral, illegal, or harmful)

honest (正直な) [形] free of deceit and untruthfulness; sincere

dealer (商人) [名] a person or company that buys and sells goods

undone (破滅する) [動] reverse or cancel the effects or results of (something)

knave (悪党) [名] a dishonest or unscrupulous man

そして、詐欺が許され、黙認され、あるいはそれを罰する法律がないところでは、売買や信用取引が永続的に行われる必要があるので、正直な商人は常に破滅し、悪党が利益を得ることになる。

I remember, when I was once interceding with the king for a criminal who had wronged his master of a great sum of money, which he had received by order, and ran away with;

once (かつて) [副] at some earlier time

intercede (嘆願する) [動] plead on behalf of another

wrong (持ち逃げする) [動] do wrong to; treat unjustly or unfairly

sum (額) [名] a particular amount of money

run away (逃げる) [動] leave a place or situation in a hurry

私がかつて、主人から預かった大金を持ち逃げした犯罪者のために皇帝に嘆願したときのことを覚えている。

and happening to tell his majesty by way of extenuation, that it was only a breach of trust, the emperor thought it monstrous in me to offer as a defense the greatest aggravation of the crime;

extenuation (情状酌量) [名] the act of making something seem less serious

breach of trust (背任) [名] the act of breaking a trust

aggravation (悪質) [名] the act of making something worse

そして、陛下に情状酌量の余地があるとして、それは単なる背任に過ぎないと申し上げたところ、皇帝は私が犯罪の最も悪質な部分を弁護に持ち出すとは怪しからんと思われた。

and truly I had little to say in return, farther than the common answer that different nations had different customs;

truly (実際) [副] in truth; really

have little to say (返す言葉がない) [動] be unable to think of anything to say

different (違う) [形] not the same

実際、国が違えば習慣も違うというありきたりの答え以外に、私には返す言葉がなかった。

for I confess I was heartily ashamed.

heartily (心から) [副] in a sincere or hearty manner

ashamed (恥ずかしい) [形] feeling shame or guilt

正直に言って、私は心から恥ずかしかった。

Although we call reward and punishment the two hinges upon which all government turns, yet I could never observe this maxim to be put in practice by any nation except that of Lilliput.

reward (賞) [名] a thing given in recognition of service, effort, or achievement

punishment (罰) [名] a penalty imposed for a crime or other offense

hinge (要点) [名] a small metal object that joins two parts of a door, window, or box, allowing them to move

government (政治) [名] the system by which a state or community is governed

maxim (格言) [名] a short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct

put in practice (実践する) [動] to do something regularly or frequently

我々は賞罰をあらゆる政治の二つの要点と呼んでいるが、この格言が実践されているのをリリパット以外で見たことは一度もない。

Whoever can there bring sufficient proof that he has strictly observed the laws of his country for seventy-three moons, has a claim to certain privileges, according to his quality and condition of life, with a proportionable sum of money out of a fund appropriated for that use:

whoever (誰でも) [代] no matter who

bring (提出する) [動] take or carry something to a place

strictly (厳守した) [副] in a way that is exact, accurate, or correct

seventy-three (七十三) [数] the number 73

claim (主張する) [動] state or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof

privilege (特権) [名] a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people

appropriate (充てる) [動] take or use something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission

誰でも、七十三ヶ月間、国の法律を厳守したという十分な証拠を提出すれば、その人の資質や生活状況に応じて、一定の特権を主張することができ、その用途に充てられた基金から相応の金額を受け取ることができる。

he likewise acquires the title of snilpall, or legal, which is added to his name, but does not descend to his posterity.

acquire (得る) [動] to gain or obtain

descend (受け継がれる) [動] to pass by inheritance

posterity (子孫) [名] all future generations of people

同様に、その人はスニルパル、つまり合法という称号を得て、それはその人の名前に付け加えられるが、子孫には受け継がれない。

And these people thought it a prodigious defect of policy among us, when I told them our laws were enforced only by penalties, without any mention of reward.

enforce (施行する) [動] compel observance of or compliance with

defect (欠陥) [名] a lack of something or a failure to meet a certain standard

私が、我々の法律は罰則だけで施行され、報酬については何も言及されていないと話すと、この国の人々は、我々の政策に大きな欠陥があると考えた。

It is upon this account that the image of Justice, in their courts of judicature, is formed with six eyes, two before, as many behind, and on each side one, to signify circumspection;

account (理由) [名] a statement of the reasons for or causes of something

image (像) [名] a representation of the external form of a person or thing in art

court (裁判所) [名] a tribunal presided over by a judge

judicature (司法) [名] the administration of justice

form (作られる) [動] make or produce

behind (後ろに) [前] at the back of

signify (表す) [動] be a sign of

そのため、この国の裁判所にある正義の像は、前後に二つずつ、両側に一つずつ、合計六つの目で作られており、慎重さを表している。

with a bag of gold open in her right hand, and a sword sheathed in her left, to show that she is more disposed to reward than to punish.

with (持ち) [前] having or possessing

open (開いた) [形] not closed or blocked

sheathe (収めた) [動] put into a sheath

show (示している) [動] demonstrate or make clear how something works or is done

reward (報いる) [動] give a prize or other mark of recognition to

右手には開いた金の袋を持ち、左手には鞘に収めた剣を持ち、罰するよりも報いる気持ちが強いことを示している。

In choosing persons for all employments, they have more regard to good morals than to great abilities;

regard (重視する) [動] think highly of; have a high opinion of

good (善良な) [形] to be desired or approved of

moral (道徳) [名] a lesson in right conduct

ability (能力) [名] the power or capacity to perform or accomplish something

あらゆる職に人を選ぶ場合、この国では優れた能力よりも善良な道徳を重視する。

for, since government is necessary to mankind, they believe that the common size of human understandings is fitted to some station or other;

necessary (必要である) [形] being essential, indispensable, or requisite

mankind (人類) [名] human beings considered collectively

common size (平均的な大きさ) [名] the average size

human understanding (人間の理解力) [名] the ability to understand something

fitted (適合している) [形] be suitable for

some station or other (何らかの地位) [名] some position or other

なぜなら、政府は人類に必要であるから、人間の理解力の平均的な大きさは、何らかの地位に適合していると信じている。

and that Providence never intended to make the management of public affairs a mystery to be comprehended only by a few persons of sublime genius, of which there seldom are three born in an age.

Providence (神) [名] God

management (管理) [名] the process of managing

public affairs (公務) [名] the business of government

mystery (神秘) [名] something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain

comprehend (理解する) [動] understand something

sublime (崇高な) [形] of very great excellence or beauty

genius (天才) [名] a person who is exceptionally intelligent or creative, either generally or in some particular respect

age (時代) [名] a period of time in which events occur and people live and die

そして、神は、一時代に三人も生まれない崇高な天才の持ち主にしか理解できないような、公務の管理を神秘的なものにしようとは決してしなかった。

But they suppose truth, justice, temperance, and the like, to be in every man’s power;

suppose (思う) [動] think or assume that something is true or probable

truth (真実) [名] the quality or state of being true

temperance (節制) [名] moderation in action, thought, or feeling

like (その他) [名] something similar or having a likeness to something else

every man (誰にでも) [名] any person

power (できる) [名] the ability or capacity to perform or act

しかし、彼らは真実、正義、節制、その他を誰にでもできると思っている。

the practice of which virtues, assisted by experience and a good intention, would qualify any man for the service of his country, except where a course of study is required.

experience (経験) [名] practical contact with and observation of facts or events

good intention (善意) [名] a kind intention

qualify (資格を与える) [動] make competent or fit for a purpose or task

経験と善意に支えられたこれらの美徳の実践は、学習課程が要求される場合を除いて、誰でも国に奉仕する資格を与える。

But they thought the want of moral virtues was so far from being supplied by superior endowments of the mind, that employments could never be put into such dangerous hands as those of persons so qualified;

want (欠如) [名] a lack or deficiency

moral (道徳的) [形] concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior

virtue (徳) [名] behavior showing high moral standards

so far from (程遠い) [副] not at all

be supplied by (によって補われる) [動] be provided by

endowment (資質) [名] a quality or ability that someone is born with

mind (精神) [名] the part of a person that thinks, feels, and remembers

employment (職務) [名] the state of being employed

be put into (委ねられる) [動] be given to

qualified (資格のある) [形] officially recognized as having the necessary skill or knowledge to do a particular job

しかし、彼らは道徳的徳の欠如は、精神の優れた資質によって補われるには程遠く、職務はそのような資格のある人々の手のような危険な手に決して委ねられないと考えていた。

and at least, that the mistakes committed by ignorance, in a virtuous disposition, would never be of such fatal consequence to the public weal, as the practices of a man whose inclinations led him to be corrupt, and who had great abilities to manage, and multiply, and defend his corruptions.

ignorance (無知) [名] the state of being unaware or uninformed

commit (犯す) [動] do or perform

mistake (過ち) [名] an error in action, calculation, opinion, or judgment caused by poor reasoning, carelessness, insufficient knowledge, etc.

virtuous (高潔な) [形] having or showing high moral standards

public weal (公衆衛生) [名] the health of the general public

consequence (結果) [名] a result or effect of an action or condition

inclination (傾向) [名] a person's natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way

corrupt (堕落させる) [動] cause to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain

manage (管理する) [動] be in charge of; administer

multiply (増やす) [動] increase in number or quantity

defend (擁護する) [動] speak or write in favor of

そして少なくとも、無知によって犯された過ちは、高潔な性質においては、自分の傾向が自分を堕落させ、自分の堕落を管理し、増やし、擁護する優れた能力を持つ人間の行為ほど、公衆衛生に致命的な結果をもたらすことは決してない。

In like manner, the disbelief of a Divine Providence renders a man incapable of holding any public station;

in like manner (同様に) [副] in a similar way

disbelief (信じないこと) [名] the inability or refusal to believe that something is true or real

Divine Providence (神の摂理) [名] the care and guidance of God

render (する) [動] cause to be or become

incapable (できない) [形] lacking the ability to perform

hold (就く) [動] have or occupy a position or office

public station (公職) [名] a position or office in the government

同様に、神の摂理を信じないことは、人間が公職に就くことができないようにする。

for since kings avow themselves to be the deputies of Providence, the Lilliputians think nothing can be more absurd than for a prince to employ such men as disown the authority under which he acts.

avow (自認する) [動] to declare openly, bluntly, and without reservation

Providence (摂理) [名] God or nature as providing protection and guidance

think (考える) [動] to have a particular opinion, belief, or idea about someone or something

can be (ありうる) [助] be possible or likely

absurd (馬鹿げた) [形] ridiculously incongruous or inappropriate

for (にとって) [前] used to indicate the person or thing affected by an action or feeling

disown (否定する) [動] to refuse to acknowledge as belonging to oneself

authority (権威) [名] the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience

under (下にある) [前] lower than (something) in position

which (その) [関] used to refer to something previously mentioned

act (行動) [名] something that is done

王は摂理の代理人であると自認しているので、リリパット人は、王子が自分の行動の下にある権威を否定するような人間を雇うことほど馬鹿げたことはないと考えている。

In relating these and the following laws, I would only be understood to mean the original institutions, and not the most scandalous corruptions, into which these people are fallen by the degenerate nature of man.

relate (関連付ける) [動] connect or associate

following (続く) [形] coming after something in time; next

original (元々の) [形] existing from the beginning; first or earliest

institution (制度) [名] an established law, custom, or practice

scandalous (恥ずべき) [形] causing general public outrage by a perceived offense against morality or law

corruption (腐敗) [名] dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery

degenerate (堕落した) [形] having lost the physical, mental, or moral qualities considered normal and desirable

これらの法律とそれに続く法律を関連付けるにあたって、私はただ、これらの人々が人間の堕落した性質によって陥った最も恥ずべき腐敗ではなく、元々の制度を意味するだけだと理解されたい。

For, as to that infamous practice of acquiring great employments by dancing on the ropes, or badges of favor and distinction by leaping over sticks and creeping under them, the reader is to observe that they were first introduced by the grandfather of the emperor now reigning, and grew to the present height by the gradual increase of party and faction.

observe (理解する) [動] to notice or perceive

というのも、綱渡りをして大役を得たり、棒を飛び越えたり、棒の下をくぐったりして、恩寵や栄誉の印を得るという悪名高い慣習については、読者は、それらが現在君臨している皇帝の祖父によって初めて導入され、党派や派閥の増加によって現在のような高みにまで成長したことを理解しておく必要がある。

Ingratitude is among them a capital crime, as we read it to have been in some other countries;

ingratitude (恩知らず) [名] the quality of being ungrateful

capital crime (死刑に値する罪) [名] a crime punishable by death

彼らの間では、恩知らずは死刑に値する罪であり、他の国でもそうであったと読んだことがある。

for they reason thus:

reason (考える) [動] think or work out the answer to a problem

thus (こう) [副] in this way

彼らはこう考える。

That whosoever makes ill returns to his benefactor, must needs be a common enemy to the rest of mankind, from whom he has received no obligation, and therefore such a man is not fit to live.

make ill returns (悪事をなす) [動] do bad things

benefactor (恩人) [名] a person who gives money or other help to a person or cause

must needs (であるに違いない) [動] must necessarily

common enemy (共通の敵) [名] an enemy of all

receive no obligation (恩義を受けていない) [動] not be given any obligation

fit to live (生きるに値する) [形] worthy of living

恩人に悪事をなす者は、恩義を受けていない他の人類にとって共通の敵であるに違いなく、そのような人間は生きるに値しない。

Their notions relating to the duties of parents and children differ extremely from ours.

notion (考え) [名] a general understanding

parent (親) [名] a father or mother

親子の義務に関する彼らの考えは、私たちの考えとは大きく異なる。

For since the conjunction of male and female is founded upon the great law of nature, in order to propagate and continue the species, the Lilliputians will needs have it, that men and women are joined together, like other animals, by the motives of concupiscence;

conjunction (結合) [名] the act of joining two things together

male (男性) [名] a person who belongs to the sex that produces small, typically motile gametes, especially spermatozoa, with which a female may be fertilized or inseminated to produce offspring

female (女性) [名] a person who belongs to the sex that produces large, typically immobile gametes, especially ova, that are fertilized by male gametes

found (基づく) [動] establish or originate

great law of nature (大自然の法則) [名] the laws of science that describe the physical world

propagate (繁殖させる) [動] cause to increase or spread

continue (存続させる) [動] cause to remain in existence or in a certain state

need (必要とする) [動] require (something) because it is essential or very important

join (結びつく) [動] connect or fasten together

motive (動機) [名] a reason for doing something

concupiscence (欲望) [名] strong sexual desire

なぜなら、男女の結合は、種を繁殖させ存続させるための大自然の法則に基づいているので、リリパット人は、他の動物と同じように、欲望の動機によって男女が結びつくことを必要とするからである。

and that their tenderness toward their young proceeds from the like natural principle: for which reason, they will never allow that a child is under any obligation to his father for begetting him, or to his mother for bringing him into the world;

tenderness (優しさ) [名] the quality of being gentle and kind

young (子供) [名] a person who is not yet an adult

proceed (生じる) [動] come from or be caused by

natural (自然の) [形] existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind

principle (原理) [名] a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning

obligation (義務) [名] a moral or legal duty or responsibility

mother (母親) [名] a woman who has a child

そして、子供に対する優しさも同様の自然の原理から生じている。そのため、子供が父親に生んでもらったことや、母親にこの世に生んでもらったことに対して、何らかの義務を負っていることを認めることは決してない。

which, considering the miseries of human life, was neither a benefit in itself, nor intended so by his parents, whose thoughts, in their love encounters, were otherwise employed.

misery (悲惨さ) [名] a state or feeling of great distress or discomfort

benefit (利益) [名] an advantage or profit gained from something

thought (考え) [名] an idea or opinion produced by thinking or occurring suddenly in the mind

encounter (出会い) [名] an unexpected or casual meeting with someone or something

employ (持つ) [動] make use of

人間の生活の悲惨さを考えると、それはそれ自体が利益でもなければ、愛の出会いの際には別の考えを持っていた両親が意図したものでもなかった。

Upon these, and the like reasonings, their opinion is, that parents are the last of all others to be trusted with the education of their own children;

reasoning (推論) [名] the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment

education (教育) [名] the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university

これらのことや、同様の推論から、彼らの意見では、親は自分の子供の教育を任せられる最後の人である。

and therefore they have in every town public nurseries, where all parents, except cottagers and laborers, are obliged to send their infants of both sexes to be reared and educated when they come to the age of twenty moons, at which time they are supposed to have some rudiments of docility.

public (公立の) [形] of or concerning the people as a whole

nursery (保育園) [名] a place where young children are cared for during the day

cottager (小作人) [名] a person who lives in a cottage

laborer (労働者) [名] a person who works for wages, especially in manual or industrial work

infant (子供) [名] a very young child

both sexes (男女を問わず) [名] male and female

come to the age of (になると) [動] reach a certain age

twenty moons (二十ヶ月) [名] twenty months

rear (育てる) [動] bring up

suppose (思われる) [動] think or believe

rudiment (初歩) [名] a basic principle

docility (従順さ) [名] the quality of being easy to manage or control

そのため、どの町にも公立の保育園があり、小作人や労働者を除くすべての親は、子供が二十ヶ月になると、育児と教育を受けさせるために、男女を問わず子供を預ける義務がある。

These schools are of several kinds, suited to different qualities and to both sexes.

school (学校) [名] an institution for educating children

be of (~がある) [動] have or possess

suit (適する) [動] be right or appropriate for

both (男女) [限] the two people or things that have just been mentioned

sex (性) [名] either of the two main categories (male and female) into which humans and most other living things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions

これらの学校には、さまざまな資質や男女に適したさまざまな種類がある。

They have certain professors well skilled in preparing children for such a condition of life as befits the rank of their parents, and their own capacities as well as inclinations.

professor (教授) [名] a teacher of the highest rank at a college or university

well skilled (優れた) [形] having a high level of skill

rank (地位) [名] a position or grade in the armed forces

capacity (能力) [名] the ability to hold or contain

inclination (性向) [名] a tendency or disposition

彼らには、親の地位や自分の能力や性向にふさわしい生活環境に子供を適応させるのに優れた教授がいる。

I shall first say something of the male nurseries, and then of the female.

say something (述べる) [動] make a statement

male (男子) [名] a person of the sex that produces small, typically motile gametes, especially spermatozoa, with which a female may be fertilized or inseminated to produce offspring

female (女子) [名] a person of the sex that produces large, typically immobile gametes, especially ova, that are fertilized by male gametes

まず男子の保育園について、次に女子の保育園について述べよう。

The nurseries for males of noble or eminent birth are provided with grave and learned professors, and their several deputies.

grave (真面目な) [形] requiring much thought or work

learned (博学な) [形] having or showing great knowledge

deputy (代理人) [名] a person appointed to act for another

高貴な生まれの男子の保育園には、真面目で博学な教授とその代理人が何人かいる。

The clothes and food of the children are plain and simple.

clothes (服) [名] things that people wear

food (食べ物) [名] what people eat

plain (質素な) [形] simple and ordinary

子供たちの服や食べ物は質素でシンプルだ。

They are bred up in the principles of honor, justice, courage, modesty, clemency, religion, and love of their country;

breed up (育てる) [動] to bring up

courage (勇気) [名] the quality of mind or spirit that enables a person to face difficulty, danger, pain, etc., without fear; bravery

modesty (謙虚さ) [名] the quality or state of being unassuming or moderate in the estimation of one's abilities or accomplishments

love (愛) [名] a profoundly tender, passionate affection for another person

彼らは名誉、正義、勇気、謙虚さ、寛容さ、宗教、そして祖国愛の原則に基づいて育てられる。

they are always employed in some business, except in the times of eating and sleeping, which are very short, and two hours for diversions, consisting of bodily exercises.

diversion (気晴らし) [名] an activity that diverts the mind from tedious or serious concerns

consist (充てる) [動] be composed or made up of

bodily exercise (身体運動) [名] physical activity that is intended to improve or maintain one's health, fitness, or appearance

彼らは、食事と睡眠の時間以外は常に何かの仕事に従事しているが、食事と睡眠の時間は非常に短く、気晴らしのための二時間は身体運動に充てられている。

They are dressed by men till four years of age, and then are obliged to dress themselves, although their quality be ever so great;

dress (服を着せる) [動] put clothes on

four years of age (四歳) [名] the age of four

obliged (~しなければならない) [形] required to do something

彼らは四歳までは男性に服を着せられるが、それからはどんなに身分が高くても自分で服を着なければならない。

and the women attendants, who are aged proportionably to ours at fifty, perform only the most menial offices.

woman (女性) [名] an adult human female

age (年齢) [名] the number of years that a person has lived

menial (卑しい) [形] (of a task) not requiring much skill and lacking prestige

そして、私たちの五十歳に相当する年齢の女性の付き人は、最も卑しい仕事だけをこなす。

They are never suffered to converse with servants, but go together, in smaller or greater numbers, to take their diversions, and always in the presence of a professor or one of his deputies;

go together (一緒に出かける) [動] go with someone

彼らは召使と会話することは許されないが、少人数でも大人数でも一緒に気晴らしに出かけ、常に教授かその代理人の一人が同伴する。

whereby they avoid those early bad impressions of folly and vice to which our children are subject.

whereby (それによって) [副] by which; through which

early (早い時期の) [形] happening or done before the usual or expected time

impression (印象) [名] an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, especially one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence

folly (愚行) [名] foolishness; lack of good sense

vice (悪徳) [名] immoral or wicked behavior

それによって、彼らは私たちの子供たちが受けやすい愚行や悪徳の早い時期の悪い印象を避けている。

Their parents are suffered to see them only twice a year;

suffer (許される) [動] to allow or permit

only (二回しか) [副] merely; just; no more than

彼らの両親は年に二回しか会うことが許されない。

the visit is to last but an hour;

visit (面会) [名] the act of going to see someone or something

last (続く) [動] continue or be able to continue for a specified period of time

面会はわずか一時間である。

they are allowed to kiss the child at meeting and parting;

be allowed to (許される) [動] be permitted to

kiss (キスする) [動] touch with the lips as a sign of love, affection, greeting, respect, or farewell

meeting (会う) [名] an assembly of people for formal discussions

parting (別れる) [名] the action of leaving or being separated from someone or something

会ったときと別れるときに子供にキスすることが許される。

but a professor, who always stands by on those occasions, will not suffer them to whisper, or use any fondling expressions, or bring any presents of toys, sweetmeats, and the like.

stand by (そばにいる) [動] be present but not taking part

whisper (ささやく) [動] speak softly

fondling (愛情表現) [名] an act of caressing or touching lovingly

present (プレゼント) [名] a gift

toy (おもちゃ) [名] an object for a child to play with

sweetmeat (お菓子) [名] a candy or other sweet food

しかし、そういった機会にはいつもそばにいる教授は、彼らがささやいたり、愛情表現をしたり、おもちゃやお菓子などのプレゼントを持ってくることを許さない。

The pension from each family for the education and entertainment of a child, upon failure of due payment, is levied by the emperor’s officers.

pension (年金) [名] a regular payment made during a person's retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life

entertainment (娯楽) [名] an activity that is enjoyable or amusing

failure (滞ると) [名] the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and of being regarded as unsatisfactory in performance

payment (支払い) [名] the action or process of paying someone or something

子供の教育と娯楽のための各家庭からの年金は、支払いが滞ると皇帝の役人によって徴収される。

The nurseries for children of ordinary gentlemen, merchants, traders, and handicrafts, are managed proportionably after the same manner;

trader (貿易商) [名] a person who trades

handicraft (手工業) [名] a craft that is done by hand

manage (運営する) [動] to be in charge of or responsible for

proportionably (比例的に) [副] in a way that is in proportion

普通の紳士、商人、貿易商、手工業者の子供たちの保育園も、同じ方法で比例的に運営されている。

only those designed for trades are put out apprentices at eleven years old:

only (だけ) [副] and no one or nothing more or else

those (者) [名] the people or things previously mentioned

designed (志す) [動] have as a goal or purpose

trades (商売) [名] the business of buying and selling commodities

put out (出される) [動] cause to be made available

商売を志す者だけが十一歳で徒弟に出される。

whereas those of persons of quality continue in their nurseries till fifteen, which answers to twenty-one with us;

continue (通い続ける) [動] persist in an activity or process

fifteen (十五歳) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

twenty-one (二十一歳) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty and one

一方、上流階級の子供たちは、十五歳まで保育園に通い続けるが、これは私たちの二十一歳に相当する。

but the confinement is gradually lessened for the last three years.

confinement (監禁) [名] the state of being confined

gradually (徐々に) [副] in a gradual manner

lessen (緩和される) [動] become or make less

しかし、最後の三年間は監禁が徐々に緩和される。

In the female nurseries, the young girls of quality are educated much like the males, only they are dressed by orderly servants of their own sex;

female (女子の) [形] of or relating to women or girls

educated (教育を受けている) [動] give intellectual, moral, and social instruction to (someone), typically at a school or university

much (ほとんど) [副] to a great extent; a lot

male (男子と) [形] of or relating to men or boys

dressed (着せてくれる) [動] put clothes on

女子の保育園では、上流階級の少女たちは男子とほとんど同じように教育を受けているが、服装だけは同性の召使が着せてくれる。

but always in the presence of a professor or deputy, till they come to dress themselves, which is at five years old.

always (常に) [副] at all times; on all occasions

in the presence of (立会いのもとで) [前] in front of

come to (ようになる) [動] reach a state or condition

dress (着替える) [動] put on clothes

themselves (自分で) [代] used to refer to the person or thing mentioned as the subject of the sentence

five years old (五歳) [名] the age of five

しかし、五歳になって自分で着替えるようになるまでは、常に教授か代理人の立会いのもとで着替える。

And if it be found that these nurses ever presume to entertain the girls with frightful or foolish stories, or the common follies practiced by chambermaids among us, they are publicly whipped thrice about the city, imprisoned for a year, and banished for life to the most desolate part of the country.

nurse (看護師) [名] a person who is trained to care for sick or infirm people

frightful (恐ろしい) [形] causing fear or alarm

foolish (馬鹿げた) [形] lacking good sense or judgment

story (話) [名] a tale or account of a series of events, true or fictional

common (一般的な) [形] shared by, coming from, or done by several people

chambermaid (女中) [名] a woman who cleans and maintains guest rooms in a hotel

publicly (公然と) [副] in a way that is known or seen by many people

whip (鞭打つ) [動] strike with a whip

thrice (三回) [副] three times

imprison (投獄する) [動] put or keep in prison

banish (追放する) [動] send (someone) away from a country or place as an official punishment

life (生涯) [名] the period of time during which a person is alive

desolate (荒涼とした) [形] giving an impression of bleak and dismal emptiness

part (場所) [名] a piece or segment of something such as an object, area, or period of time

そして、もしこれらの看護師が恐ろしい話や馬鹿げた話、あるいは私たちの間で女中が行う一般的な愚行で少女たちを楽しませようとしていることが発覚したら、彼らは市内で三回公然と鞭打たれ、一年投獄され、国で最も荒涼とした場所に終身追放される。

Thus the young ladies there are as much ashamed of being cowards and fools as the men, and despise all personal ornaments beyond decency and cleanliness.

young lady (若い女性) [名] a young woman

be ashamed of (恥じる) [動] feel ashamed or embarrassed about

coward (臆病者) [名] a person who lacks courage

fool (愚か者) [名] a person who lacks judgment or sense

despise (軽蔑する) [動] look down on with intense aversion

personal ornament (装身具) [名] an object worn on the body for decoration

decency (品位) [名] behavior that is considered morally good and proper

cleanliness (清潔さ) [名] the state of being clean

こうして、そこの若い女性たちは男性と同じように臆病者や愚か者であることを恥じ、品位と清潔さを超えたあらゆる装身具を軽蔑する。

Neither did I perceive any difference in their education made by their difference of sex, only that the exercises of the females were not altogether so robust;

neither (また) [接] also not; not either

difference (違い) [名] the state of being unlike or dissimilar

sex (性別) [名] the state of being male or female

altogether (全体的に) [副] completely; totally; wholly

robust (頑強) [形] strong and healthy

私には、彼らの教育に性別の違いによる違いは感じられなかったが、ただ女性の運動は全体的にそれほど頑強ではなかった。

and that some rules were given them relating to domestic life, and a smaller compass of learning was enjoined them: for their maxim is, that among people of quality, a wife should be always a reasonable and agreeable companion, because she cannot always be young.

domestic life (家庭生活) [名] the life of a family or household

rule (規則) [名] a statement that tells you what is or is not allowed

learning (学習) [名] the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught

compass (範囲) [名] the range of a person's knowledge, experience, or interests

enjoin (命じる) [動] give an order or command to

そして、家庭生活に関するいくつかの規則が与えられ、より小さな学習範囲が命じられていた。彼らの格言は、上流階級の人々の間では、妻はいつも若いわけではないので、常に理性的で快い伴侶であるべきだというものである。

When the girls are twelve years old, which among them is the marriageable age, their parents or guardians take them home with great expressions of gratitude to the professors, and seldom without the tears of the young lady and her companions.

twelve years old (十二歳) [名] the age of a person who is twelve years old

marriageable age (結婚適齢期) [名] the age at which a person is considered old enough to marry

parents (両親) [名] a father and a mother

guardian (保護者) [名] a person who has legal authority and responsibility for the care of another person

take home (家に連れて帰る) [動] to bring someone or something to one's home

expression of gratitude (感謝の言葉) [名] a statement that expresses gratitude

young lady (少女) [名] a young girl

少女たちが十二歳になると、彼らの間では結婚適齢期となり、両親や保護者は教授たちに感謝の言葉を述べて彼女たちを家に連れて帰るが、少女やその仲間が涙を流さずに帰ることはめったにない。

In the nurseries of females of the meaner sort, the children are instructed in all kinds of work proper for their sex, and their several degrees;

meaner (下層階級の) [形] of low social status

instruct (指導する) [動] teach or direct

degree (度) [名] a unit of measurement of angles

下層階級の女性の保育園では、子供たちは性別や階級に応じたあらゆる仕事の指導を受けている。

those intended for apprentices are dismissed at nine years old, the rest are kept to thirteen.

nine years old (九歳) [名] the age of a person who has lived for nine years

dismiss (退園させる) [動] order or allow to leave

thirteen (十三) [名] the number 13

見習いになる予定の子供は九歳で退園させられるが、残りは十三歳まで預けられる。

The meaner families who have children at these nurseries are obliged, besides their annual pension, which is as low as possible, to return to the steward of the nursery a small monthly share of their gettings, to be a portion for the child;

family (家庭) [名] a group of people living together

steward (管理人) [名] a person who manages another's property or financial affairs

これらの保育園に子供を預けている下層階級の家庭は、できるだけ安く抑えた年金のほかに、毎月わずかな収入を保育園の管理人に返済して、子供の分担金に充てなければならない。

and therefore all parents are limited in their expenses by the law.

therefore (そのため) [副] for that reason; consequently

be limited in (制限されている) [動] be restricted in

そのため、すべての親は法律によって支出を制限されている。

For the Lilliputians think nothing can be more unjust, than for people, in subservience to their own appetites, to bring children into the world, and leave the burden of supporting them on the public.

unjust (不公平な) [形] not just; unfair

subservience (従属) [名] the quality or state of being subservient

appetite (欲望) [名] a strong desire for something

burden (負担) [名] something that is difficult to carry or deal with

というのも、リリパット人は、自分の欲望に従って子供を産み、その養育の負担を公衆に負わせることほど不公平なことはないと考えているからである。

As to persons of quality, they give security to appropriate a certain sum for each child, suitable to their condition;

give security (保証する) [動] provide a guarantee of the fulfillment of

appropriate (支払う) [動] take for one's own use

certain (一定の) [形] having a fixed and definite value

上流階級の人々は、自分の身分に応じて、子供一人一人に一定額を支払うことを保証している。

and these funds are always managed with good husbandry and the most exact justice.

husbandry (管理) [名] the care, cultivation, and breeding of crops and animals

そして、これらの資金は常に良い管理と最も正確な正義で管理されている。

The cottagers and laborers keep their children at home, their business being to till and cultivate the earth, and therefore their education is of little consequence to the public;

keep (置いておく) [動] to continue to have or do something

till (耕す) [動] to prepare (soil) for planting or cultivation by digging, stirring, and turning over

cultivate (耕作する) [動] to prepare and use (land) for growing crops

earth (土地) [名] the planet on which we live

小作人や労働者は、子供を家に置いておくが、彼らの仕事は土地を耕して耕作することなので、彼らの教育は公衆にとってほとんど重要ではない。

but the old and diseased among them are supported by hospitals;

diseased (病人) [形] suffering from a disease

supported (養われている) [動] give assistance to, especially financially

hospital (病院) [名] an institution providing medical and surgical treatment

しかし、その中の老齢者や病人は病院で養われている。

for begging is a trade unknown in this kingdom.

begging (物乞い) [名] the activity of asking people for money or food

is (~である) [動] be

a trade (~というもの) [名] a job or profession

in (で) [前] within the limits or bounds of

なぜなら、この国では物乞いというものがない。

And here it may, perhaps, divert the curious reader, to give some account of my domestics, and my manner of living in this country, during a residence of nine months and thirteen days.

domestic (家事) [名] a household servant

living (生活) [名] the condition of being alive

nine months and thirteen days (九ヶ月と十三日) [名] a period of time

そして、ここでは、好奇心旺盛な読者のために、九ヶ月と十三日間の滞在中に、私の家事やこの国での生活様式について少し説明しよう。

Having a head mechanically turned, and being likewise forced by necessity, I had made for myself a table and chair convenient enough, out of the largest trees in the royal park.

have a head (頭がある) [動] be intelligent or clever

mechanically (機械的に) [副] in a mechanical manner

turn (向ける) [動] change direction

convenient (便利な) [形] involving little trouble or effort

機械に頭を向け、また必要に迫られて、私は王立公園で一番大きな木から、自分のために十分に便利なテーブルと椅子を作った。

Two hundred seamstresses were employed to make me shirts, and linen for my bed and table, all of the strongest and coarsest kind they could get, which, however, they were forced to quilt together in several folds, for the thickest was some degrees finer than lawn.

two hundred (二百) [数] 200

seamstress (裁縫師) [名] a woman who sews, especially one who earns her living by sewing

shirt (シャツ) [名] a garment for the upper body with a collar and sleeves

linen (麻布) [名] a cloth made from the fibers of the flax plant

strong (丈夫) [形] able to withstand great force or pressure

quilt (キルト) [名] a padded bed covering made of two layers of fabric with a layer of filling between them

fold (折り重ねる) [動] bend (something) over on itself so that one part lies on top of another

lawn (芝生) [名] an area of short, regularly mown grass in the garden of a house or park

二百人の裁縫師が私のシャツやベッドやテーブル用の麻布を作るために雇われたが、それらはすべて手に入る限り最も丈夫で粗い種類のものだったが、それでも何重にも折り重ねてキルトにしなければならなかった。

Their linen is usually three inches wide, and three feet make a piece.

usually (通常) [副] normally; generally

three feet (三フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 36 inches

make (なる) [動] become

彼らの麻布は通常幅三インチで、三フィートで一枚になる。

The seamstresses took my measure as I lay on the ground, one standing at my neck, and another at my mid-leg, with a strong cord extended, that each held by the end, while a third measured the length of the cord with a rule an inch long.

take measure (寸法を測る) [動] to find out the size, amount, or degree of something

rule (定規) [名] a strip of wood, metal, or plastic with straight edges that is used for measuring or drawing straight lines

私が地面に横たわっている間に、裁縫師たちが私の寸法を測り、一人は私の首のところに、もう一人は私の足の真ん中に立ち、それぞれが端を持ち、三人目が一インチの長さの定規で紐の長さを測った。

Then they measured my right thumb, and desired no more;

measure (測る) [動] ascertain the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units or by comparing it with an object of known size

それから彼らは私の右手の親指を測り、それ以上は望まなかった。

for by a mathematical computation, that twice round the thumb is once round the wrist, and so on to the neck and waist, and by the help of my old shirt, which I displayed on the ground before them for a pattern, they fitted me exactly.

mathematical (数学的) [形] of or relating to mathematics

round (周り) [前] on every side of

once (1倍) [副] one time

wrist (手首) [名] the joint connecting the hand with the arm

old (古い) [形] having lived or existed for a long time

pattern (型) [名] a repeated decorative design

exactly (ぴったり) [副] in exact manner or detail

数学的計算によると、親指の周りの2倍が手首の周りの1倍であり、首や腰も同様で、私が彼らの前に地面に広げた古いシャツの助けを借りて、彼らは私にぴったり合った。

Three hundred tailors were employed in the same manner to make me clothes;

three hundred (三百) [数] 300

三百人の仕立て屋が同じように私の服を作るために雇われた。

but they had another contrivance for taking my measure.

しかし、彼らは私の寸法を測るために別の工夫をしていた。

I kneeled down, and they raised a ladder from the ground to my neck;

kneel down (ひざまずく) [動] go down on one's knees

私はひざまずき、彼らは地面から私の首まで梯子を上げた。

upon this ladder one of them mounted, and let fall a plumb line from my collar to the floor, which just answered the length of my coat;

let fall (落とす) [動] drop

plumb line (下げ振り) [名] a line with a weight attached to one end, used to determine the vertical

collar (襟) [名] a band of material around the neck of a garment, either standing up or turned over

answer (合う) [動] be correct or satisfactory for

coat (コート) [名] an outer garment worn on top of other clothes for warmth

この梯子の上に彼らの一人が登り、私の襟から床まで下げ振りを落としたが、それはちょうど私のコートの長さに合っていた。

but my waist and arms I measured myself.

しかし、私の腰と腕は自分で測った。

When my clothes were finished, which was done in my house (for the largest of theirs would not have been able to hold them) they looked like the patchwork made by the ladies in England, only that mine were all of a color.

be finished (完成する) [動] be done or completed

patchwork (パッチワーク) [名] a quilt made from pieces of different fabrics

color (色) [名] the property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way it reflects or emits light

私の服が完成した時、それは私の家で作られたのだが(彼らの家で一番大きい家でもそれを収容できなかっただろう)、それはイギリスの女性たちが作ったパッチワークのように見えたが、私の服はすべて一色だった。

I had three hundred cooks to dress my victuals, in little convenient huts built about my house, where they and their families lived, and prepared me two dishes apiece.

hut (小屋) [名] a small, simple, often temporary, building

about (周りに) [前] on all sides of

live (住む) [動] have as one's permanent home

dish (皿) [名] a flat, round container with raised edges that is used to hold or serve food

私の食事を調理する料理人が三百人いて、彼らは私の家の周りに建てられた小さな便利な小屋に家族と住み、一人につき二皿ずつ料理を用意した。

I took up twenty waiters in my hand, and placed them on the table;

take up (手に取る) [動] to pick up

twenty (二十) [形] the number 20

waiter (給仕) [名] a person who serves customers in a restaurant

私は二十人の給仕を手に取って、テーブルの上に置いた。

a hundred more attended below on the ground, some with dishes of meat, and some with barrels of wine, and other liquors, slung on their shoulders;

a hundred (百) [名] the number 100

attend (待機する) [動] be present at

dish (料理) [名] a kind of food

sling (担ぐ) [動] carry or hold in a sling

百人以上が地面の下で待機し、肉料理を運ぶ者もいれば、ワインやその他の酒の樽を肩に担ぐ者もいた。

all which the waiters above drew up as I wanted, in a very ingenious manner by certain cords, as we draw a bucket up a well in Europe.

want (欲しがる) [動] to feel a need or a wish for

bucket (桶) [名] a round, open container with a handle, used to hold or carry liquids

draw (汲み上げる) [動] to pull or move something towards oneself

上の給仕たちは、私が欲しがると、ヨーロッパで井戸から桶を汲み上げるように、ある種の紐を使って非常に巧妙な方法でそれらをすべて引き上げてくれた。

A dish of their meat was a good mouthful, and a barrel of their liquor a reasonable draught.

reasonable (適量) [形] not extreme or excessive; moderate

draught (飲み物) [名] a drink of liquid

彼らの肉料理は一口で食べられる量で、酒の樽は適量の飲み物だった。

Their mutton yields to ours, but their beef is excellent.

yield (劣る) [動] be inferior to

beef (牛肉) [名] the flesh of a cow

excellent (素晴らしい) [形] extremely good; outstanding

彼らの羊肉は私たちの羊肉に劣るが、牛肉は素晴らしい。

I have had a sirloin so large, that I have been forced to make three bites of it;

have had (食べた) [動] eat

sirloin (サーロイン) [名] a cut of beef from the loin

so large (あまりに大きかった) [形] very big

make three bites (三口に分けて食べる) [動] eat in three bites

私はサーロインを食べたが、あまりに大きかったので、三口に分けて食べざるを得なかった。

but this is rare.

be rare (珍しい) [動] not common or usual

しかし、これは珍しい。

My servants were astonished to see me eat it, bones and all, as in our country we do the leg of a lark.

astonished (驚いた) [形] greatly surprised or amazed

bone (骨) [名] any of the hard parts inside the body of a person or animal that are covered with muscle, skin etc

私の召使たちは、私が骨もろともそれを食べるのを見て驚いたが、私たちの国ではヒバリの脚を食べる。

Their geese and turkeys I usually ate at a mouthful, and I confess they far exceed ours.

turkey (七面鳥) [名] a large bird that is often eaten

usually (いつも) [副] under normal conditions

far (はるかに) [副] to a great extent; by a great deal

私は彼らのガチョウや七面鳥をいつも一口で食べたが、私たちのものをはるかに上回っていることを認める。

Of their smaller fowl I could take up twenty or thirty at the end of my knife.

fowl (家禽) [名] a bird kept for its eggs or meat

thirty (30) [名] the number 30

彼らの小さな家禽は、ナイフの先に20羽も30羽も乗せることができた。

One day his imperial majesty, being informed of my way of living, desired that himself and his royal consort, with the young princes of the blood of both sexes, might have the happiness, as he was pleased to call it, of dining with me.

his imperial majesty (皇帝陛下) [名] the emperor

be informed of (知らされる) [動] be told about

my way of living (私の生活ぶり) [名] the way I live

himself (自分) [代] he

his royal consort (王妃) [名] the wife of a king

the young princes (若い王子たち) [名] the sons of a king

of the blood of both sexes (男女の血筋) [名] of both male and female lineage

might have (味わいたい) [動] experience

the happiness (幸せ) [名] the state of being happy

as he was pleased to call it (と思われた) [動] as he said

of dining with me (私と一緒に食事をするという) [動] of eating with me

ある日、皇帝陛下は私の生活ぶりを聞いて、自分と王妃、そして男女の血筋の若い王子たちと一緒に食事をするという幸せを味わいたいと思われた。

They came accordingly, and I placed them in chairs of state on my table, just over against me, with their guards about them.

over (向かいに) [前] above and across from one side to the other of

彼らはそれに従ってやってきて、私は彼らを私のテーブルの上の玉座に座らせ、私の真向かいに、彼らの周りに護衛を配置した。

Flimnap, the lord high-treasurer, attended there likewise, with his white staff;

lord high-treasurer (大蔵大臣) [名] the person in charge of the treasury

staff (杖) [名] a long stick used for walking or as a weapon

大蔵大臣のフリムナップも白い杖を携えて出席していた。

and I observed he often looked on me with a sour countenance, which I would not seem to regard, but ate more than usual, in honor to my dear country, as well as to fill the court with admiration.

regard (気にする) [動] think carefully about

usual (いつも) [形] happening or done often or regularly

fill (満たす) [動] make or become full

彼がよく私を渋い顔で見ているのに気づいたが、私は気にしないようにして、愛する祖国を称え、宮廷を感嘆の声で満たすために、いつもより多く食べた。

I have some private reasons to believe that this visit from his majesty gave Flimnap an opportunity of doing me ill offices to his master.

do ill offices (悪く言う) [動] say bad things about someone

私には、この陛下の訪問がフリムナップに私を主人に悪く言う機会を与えたと信じる私的な理由がある。

That minister had always been my secret enemy, though he outwardly caressed me more than was usual to the moroseness of his nature.

outwardly (外見上は) [副] on the surface; externally

caress (愛撫する) [動] touch or stroke in a loving or gentle way

あの大臣は、いつも私の隠れた敵だったが、彼の性格の偏屈さから、いつもより私を愛撫していた。

He represented to the emperor the low condition of his treasury;

represent (訴える) [動] state or express in words

彼は皇帝に国庫の逼迫を訴えた。

that he was forced to take up money at great discount;

be forced to (せざるを得ない) [動] be obliged to do something

take up (調達する) [動] obtain or acquire

discount (割引) [名] a reduction in the usual price

彼は大幅な割引で資金を調達せざるを得なかった。

that exchequer bills would not circulate under nine per cent below par;

exchequer bill (国庫証券) [名] a short-term security issued by the British government

circulate (流通する) [動] move or cause to move freely

nine percent (9パーセント) [名] a number that is nine parts out of a hundred

below par (額面以下) [名] below the usual or expected standard

国庫証券は額面の9パーセント以下では流通しない。

that, in short, I had cost his majesty above a million and a half of _sprugs_ (their greatest gold coin, about the bigness of a spangle); and, upon the whole, it would be advisable in the emperor to take the first fair occasion of dismissing me.

in short (要するに) [副] briefly

million (100万) [名] a thousand thousand

sprug (スプルーグ) [名] a gold coin

gold coin (金貨) [名] a coin made of gold

upon the whole (全体として) [副] in general

advisable (賢明な) [形] to be recommended

fair (公正な) [形] just or impartial

要するに、私は陛下に150万以上のスプルーグ(彼らの最大の金貨で、スパンコールほどの大きさ)の費用がかかったということだ。そして、全体として、皇帝が私を解任する最初の公正な機会をとることが賢明だろう。

I am here obliged to vindicate the reputation of an excellent lady, who was an innocent sufferer on my account.

vindicate (守る) [動] defend or maintain

reputation (名誉) [名] the beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something

sufferer (被害者) [名] a person who suffers from something

私はここで、私のせいで無実の被害者となった優秀な女性の名誉を守らなければならない。

The treasurer took a fancy to be jealous of his wife, from the malice of some evil tongues, who informed him that her grace had taken a violent affection for my person, and the court scandal ran for some time, that she once came privately to my lodging.

take a fancy to (気になった) [動] to become interested in or attracted to

jealous (嫉妬する) [形] feeling or showing an envious resentment of someone or their achievements and advantages

tongue (舌) [名] the fleshy muscular organ in the mouth that is used for tasting, licking, swallowing, and speaking

grace (奥方) [名] a title used as a form of address for a duke, duchess, or archbishop

take a violent affection (激しい愛情を抱く) [動] to become very fond of someone or something

scandal (醜聞) [名] an action or event regarded as morally or legally wrong and causing general public outrage

run (続く) [動] to move at a speed faster than a walk

財務大臣は、奥方が私に激しい愛情を抱いていると告げた悪意ある舌の悪意から、奥方に嫉妬する気になった。そして、宮廷の醜聞はしばらく続き、彼女は一度私の宿に内緒で来た。

This I solemnly declare to be a most infamous falsehood, without any grounds, farther than that her grace was pleased to treat me with all innocent marks of freedom and friendship.

declare (宣言する) [動] make a formal statement about a fact or intention

ground (根拠) [名] a reason or cause for something

farther (それ以上) [副] to a greater extent or degree

grace (女王) [名] a title used to address or refer to a queen

freedom (自由) [名] the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint

friendship (友情) [名] the emotions or conduct of friends

これは、彼女が私を自由と友情の無垢な印で扱ってくれたこと以外には何の根拠もない、最も悪名高い偽りであることを厳粛に宣言する。

I own she came often to my house, but always publicly, nor ever without three more in the coach, who were usually her sister and young daughter, and some particular acquaintance;

own (認める) [動] to admit or acknowledge

ever (いつも) [副] at all times; always

sister (妹) [名] a girl or woman who has the same parents as another person

daughter (娘) [名] a girl or woman in relation to her parents

彼女が私の家によく来ていたのは認めるが、いつも公然としており、馬車にはいつも3人以上が乗っていた。通常は彼女の妹と幼い娘、そして特別な知り合いだった。

but this was common to many other ladies of the court.

common (共通) [形] shared by or affecting the whole of a community

しかし、これは宮廷の他の多くの女性にも共通していた。

And I still appeal to my servants round, whether they at any time saw a coach at my door without knowing what persons were in it.

appeal (訴える) [動] make an urgent and earnest request

at any time (いつでも) [副] on any occasion or at any point

without knowing (わからないまま) [副] in the absence of knowledge

そして、私は今でも召使たちに、いつでも誰が乗っているのかわからないまま私の家のドアに馬車が止まっているのを見たことがないかと訴えている。

On these occasions, when a servant had given me notice, my custom was to go immediately to the door;

on these occasions (このような時) [名] at this time; now

give notice (知らせる) [動] inform someone of something

このような時、召使が知らせてくれたら、私はすぐに玄関に行く習慣だった。

and after paying my respects, to take up the coach and two horses very carefully in my hands (for, if there were six horses, the postilion always unharnessed four), and place them on a table, where I had fixed a movable rim quite round, of five inches high, to prevent accidents;

pay one's respect (敬意を表する) [動] show respect to someone

take up (手に取り) [動] pick up

carefully (注意深く) [副] in a careful manner

postilion (御者) [名] the rider of the leading near horse of a team or pair drawing a coach

unharness (馬具を外す) [動] remove the harness from

movable (可動式の) [形] able to be moved

rim (縁) [名] the outer edge of a circular object

quite (ぐるりと) [副] completely

そして敬意を表した後、馬車と二頭の馬をとても注意深く手に取り(六頭の馬がいる場合は、御者はいつも四頭の馬具を外していた)、事故を防ぐために、私が五インチの高さの可動式の縁をぐるりと取り付けたテーブルの上に置いた。

and I have often had four coaches and horses at once on my table full of company, while I sat in my chair, leaning my face towards them;

have (載せる) [動] to possess, own, or hold

そして、私はよく四台の馬車と馬を一度にテーブルの上に載せて、椅子に座って顔をそちらに向けていた。

and when I was engaged with one set, the coachman would gently drive the others round my table.

engage (話す) [動] occupy or attract

set (組) [名] a group of people with a common interest

coachman (御者) [名] a person who drives a horse-drawn carriage

そして、私が一組と話している間に、御者は他の馬車を私のテーブルの周りをゆっくりと走らせていた。

I have passed many an afternoon very agreeably in these conversations.

pass (過ごす) [動] go through or across

afternoon (午後) [名] the time from noon to evening

agreeably (楽しく) [副] in a pleasant or enjoyable manner

私はこれらの会話でとても楽しく午後を過ごした。

But I defy the treasurer, or his two informers (I will name them, and let ’em make the best of it), Clustril and Drunlo, to prove that any person ever came to me incognito, except the secretary Reldresal, who was sent by express command of his imperial majesty, as I have before related.

informer (情報提供者) [名] a person who gives information about another person's activities, typically to the police or authorities

name (名前を挙げる) [動] give a name to

make the best of (最大限に利用させる) [動] use something to the best of one's ability

Clustril (クラストリル) [名] a character in Gulliver's Travels

Drunlo (ドラロ) [名] a character in Gulliver's Travels

incognito (匿名で) [副] with one's identity concealed

express command (特別命令) [名] an order that is given explicitly and directly

しかし、私が前に述べたように、皇帝陛下の特別命令で派遣された書記官レルドレサル以外に、誰かが私に匿名で来たことを証明することは、財務大臣や彼の二人の情報提供者(私は彼らの名前を挙げ、彼らにそれを最大限に利用させるつもりだ)、クラストリルとドラロにはできない。

I should not have dwelt so long upon this particular, if it had not been a point wherein the reputation of a great lady is so nearly concerned, to say nothing of my own;

dwell (語る) [動] speak or write at length

so long (それほど長く) [副] for a long time

particular (点) [名] a specific detail

nearly (深く) [副] very or almost

concerned (関わる) [形] worried or anxious

say nothing of (言うまでもなく) [動] not to mention

私自身のことは言うまでもなく、もしこの点が偉大な女性の評判に深く関わるものであったなら、私はこの点についてそれほど長く語ることはなかっただろう。

though I had then the honor to be a _nardac_, which the treasurer himself is not;

have the honor to be (名誉を得る) [動] be honored to be

himself (自身) [代] the male person being discussed

当時私は財務大臣自身がそうではないナルダックであるという名誉を得ていたが。

for all the world knows that he is only a _clumglum_, a title inferior by one degree, as that of a marquis is to a duke in England; although I allow he preceded me in right of his post.

all the world (誰もが) [名] everyone

clumglum (クラムグラム) [名] a title inferior by one degree

inferior (劣る) [形] of lower status or quality

one degree (一段階) [名] a unit of measurement for angles

marquis (侯爵) [名] a nobleman of high rank

duke (公爵) [名] a nobleman of the highest hereditary rank

precede (先に就く) [動] come before in time

post (地位) [名] a job or position

彼はただのクラムグラムであり、イギリスの侯爵が公爵より一段階劣る称号であることは誰もが知っている。彼が私より先にその地位に就いたことは認めるが。

These false informations, which I afterwards came to the knowledge of by an accident not proper to mention, made Flimnap the treasurer show his lady for some time an ill countenance, and me a worse;

false (偽りの) [形] not true or correct

information (情報) [名] knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstance

come to the knowledge of (知る) [動] get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally

ill (不機嫌な) [形] not in good health

worse (もっとひどい) [形] of poorer quality or a lower standard

私が後になって知ったこれらの偽情報は、財務大臣のフリムナップがしばらくの間、奥さんに不機嫌な顔を見せ、私にはもっとひどい顔を見せた。

and although he was at last undeceived and reconciled to her, yet I lost all credit with him, and found my interest decline very fast with the emperor himself, who was, indeed, too much governed by that favorite.

undeceived (真実を知る) [動] to free from deception or illusion

reconcile (和解する) [動] to restore to friendship or harmony

decline (薄れる) [動] to become smaller, fewer, or less

fast (急速に) [副] quickly

favorite (寵臣) [名] a person or thing that is preferred above all others

彼はついに真実を知って奥さんと和解したが、私は彼からの信頼を失い、皇帝自身からの関心も急速に薄れていくのを感じた。皇帝は実際、あの寵臣に支配されすぎていたのだ。

CHAPTER VII

第七章

THE AUTHOR BEING INFORMED OF A DESIGN TO ACCUSE HIM OF HIGH TREASON, MAKES HIS ESCAPE TO BLEFUSCU—HIS RECEPTION THERE.

accuse (告発する) [動] charge someone with a crime or wrongdoing

high treason (大逆罪) [名] the crime of betraying one's country

make one's escape (逃亡する) [動] get away from a place or situation

reception (歓迎) [名] a social gathering held to welcome someone

著者は大逆罪で告発される計画を聞きつけ、ブレフスキューに逃亡する。そこでの歓迎。

Before I proceed to give an account of my leaving this kingdom, it may be proper to inform the reader of a private intrigue which had been for two months forming against me.

give an account of (説明する) [動] to explain the reason for

private intrigue (陰謀) [名] a secret plan to do something harmful or illegal

form (行う) [動] to make or produce

私がこの王国を去った経緯を説明する前に、二ヶ月前から私に対して行われていた陰謀について読者に知らせておくのが適切だろう。

I had been hitherto, all my life, a stranger to courts, for which I was unqualified by the meanness of my condition.

hitherto (これまで) [副] up to this time; until now

all my life (私の人生) [名] the period of time during which a person is alive

stranger (無縁) [名] a person whom one does not know

meanness (卑しさ) [名] the quality of being mean or ungenerous

私はこれまで、私の身分の卑しさから宮廷とは無縁の生活を送ってきた。

I had indeed heard and read enough of the dispositions of great princes and ministers;

read (読む) [動] look at and understand the meaning of (written or printed matter) by interpreting the characters or symbols of which it is composed

確かに私は偉大な君主や大臣たちの気質について十分に聞いたり読んだりしていた。

but never expected to have found such terrible effects of them in so remote a country, governed, as I thought, by very different maxims from those in Europe.

terrible (恐ろしい) [形] causing or likely to cause terror; shocking

effect (影響) [名] a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause

しかし、私が考えていたように、ヨーロッパとは全く異なる格言によって統治されている、こんな遠い国で、彼らの恐ろしい影響を見つけることになるとは全く予想していなかった。

When I was just preparing to pay my attendance on the emperor of Blefuscu, a considerable person at court (to whom I had been very serviceable at a time when he lay under the highest displeasure of his imperial majesty), came to my house very privately at night, in a close chair, and, without sending his name, desired admittance.

pay my attendance (謁見の準備をする) [動] to go to see someone or something

considerable (要人) [形] worthy of consideration or notice

privately (密かに) [副] in a way that is not known or seen by other people

desired (希望した) [動] to want or wish for something

私がブレフスキュ皇帝に謁見の準備をしていると、宮廷の要人(皇帝陛下が最も不機嫌な時に私が大いに役立った人物)が夜、密かに私の家を訪れ、名乗らずに入室を希望した。

The chairmen were dismissed: I put the chair, with his lordship in it, into my coat pocket;

chairman (かごかき) [名] the person in charge of a meeting or organization

かごかきは解雇され、私はかごを、その中に貴族を乗せたまま、上着のポケットに入れた。

and giving orders to a trusty servant to say I was indisposed and gone to sleep, I fastened the door of my house, placed the chair on the table, according to my usual custom, and sat down by it.

trusty (信頼できる) [形] reliable

indisposed (気分が悪い) [形] slightly unwell

fasten (閉める) [動] to close or do up securely

sit down (座る) [動] to be in or move into a sitting position

そして、信頼できる召使に、私が気分が悪くて寝てしまったと言うように命じて、家のドアを閉め、いつものように椅子をテーブルの上に置き、そのそばに座った。

After the common salutations were over, observing his lordship’s countenance full of concern, and inquiring into the reason, he desired I would hear him with patience in a matter that highly concerned my honor and my life.

common salutation (挨拶) [名] a greeting

be over (済む) [動] to be finished

full of (いっぱいの) [形] having a lot of something

concern (心配) [名] worry

inquire into (尋ねる) [動] to ask about

concern (かかわる) [動] to be about or connected with

挨拶が済んだ後、彼の顔が心配そうなので理由を尋ねると、私の名誉と命にかかわる重大な事柄なので、辛抱強く聞いてほしいと頼まれた。

His speech was to the following effect, for I took notes of it as soon as he left me:

speech (スピーチ) [名] a public address or talk

effect (内容) [名] the result or outcome of some action or process

take notes (メモを取る) [動] write down the main points of something

彼のスピーチは次のような内容だった。彼が去った後すぐにメモを取った。

“You are to know,” said he, “that several committees of council have been lately called, in the most private manner, on your account;

said (言った) [動] utter words

committee (委員会) [名] a group of people appointed for a specific function

account (ため) [名] a record of money received and paid out, or of goods or services bought and sold

「ご存じのとおり、最近、あなたのために、極秘に、評議会の委員会が何度か招集されました。

and it is but two days since his majesty came to a full resolution.

come to (固める) [動] reach or arrive at

陛下が決意を固められたのはつい二日前のことです。

“You are very sensible that Skyresh Bolgolam (_galbet_, or high-admiral) has been your mortal enemy almost ever since your arrival.

high-admiral (海軍大将) [名] a high-ranking naval officer

mortal enemy (宿敵) [名] a person that one hates or opposes intensely

「あなたは、スカイリッシュ・ボルゴラム(ガルベット、つまり海軍大将)が、あなたが到着してからずっとあなたの宿敵であることはよくご存じでしょう。

His original reasons I know not;

彼の最初の理由は知らない。

but his hatred is increased since your great success against Blefuscu, by which his glory as admiral is much obscured.

glory (栄光) [名] high renown or honor won by notable achievements

しかし、彼の憎しみは、あなたがブレフスキュに対して大成功を収めて以来、増大しています。それによって、提督としての彼の栄光は大きくかすんでしまいました。

This lord, in conjunction with Flimnap the high-treasurer, whose enmity against you is notorious on account of his lady, Limtoc the general, Lalcon the chamberlain, and Balmuff the grand justiciary, have prepared articles of impeachment against you, for treason and other capital crimes.”

conjunction (共謀) [名] the action of two or more events or things occurring at the same time or in connection with each other

high-treasurer (大蔵大臣) [名] the person in charge of the treasury

enmity (憎しみ) [名] the state or feeling of being actively opposed or hostile to someone or something

notorious (有名な) [形] well known for some bad quality or deed

chamberlain (侍従長) [名] an officer in charge of the private chambers of a sovereign or other person of high rank

grand justiciary (大法官) [名] the highest judicial officer

impeachment (弾劾) [名] the action of calling into question the integrity or validity of something

treason (反逆罪) [名] the crime of betraying one's country

この大臣は、奥方のことであなたを憎んでいることで有名な大蔵大臣フリムナップ、将軍リムトック、侍従長ラルコン、大法官バルムフと共謀して、あなたを反逆罪やその他の重罪で弾劾する条項を用意しました」

This preface made me so impatient, being conscious of my own merits and innocence, that I was going to interrupt him;

preface (前置き) [名] an introduction to a book

make impatient (焦れさせる) [動] cause to be impatient

conscious (自覚している) [形] having or showing knowledge or awareness

interrupt (遮る) [動] to stop or hinder by breaking in upon

この前置きには、自分の功績と無実を自覚していたので、私はとても焦れてしまい、彼の話を遮ろうとした。

when he entreated me to be silent, and thus proceeded:

entreated (懇願する) [動] ask someone earnestly or anxiously

silent (黙る) [形] making no sound

proceed (続ける) [動] continue to do something

すると彼は私に黙るように懇願し、こう続けた。

“Out of gratitude for the favors you have done me, I procured information of the whole proceedings, and a copy of the articles;

out of (感謝して) [前] for the sake of

gratitude (感謝) [名] the quality of being thankful

do (してくれた) [動] make, produce, or create

whole (全) [形] complete; entire

proceeding (手続き) [名] a particular course of action

「あなたが私にしてくれた恩義に感謝して、私は全手続きの情報と条項の写しを入手しました。

wherein I venture my head for your service.”

venture (危険を冒す) [動] to expose to risk or danger

そのために私はあなたのために首をかけて危険を冒したのです」

ARTICLES OF IMPEACHMENT

ARTICLES OF IMPEACHMENT (弾劾条項) [名] the charges against a public official when they are impeached

弾劾条項

AGAINST

に対する

QUINBUS FLESTRIN, THE MAN-MOUNTAIN

QUINBUS FLESTRIN (クインバス・フレストリン) [名] the name of the protagonist of the story

クインバス・フレストリン、人間山

ARTICLE I

ARTICLE I (第一条) [名] the first article

第一条

That the said Quinbus Flestrin, having brought the imperial fleet of Blefuscu into the royal port, and being afterwards commanded by his imperial majesty to seize all the other ships of the said empire of Blefuscu, and reduce that empire to a province, to be governed by a viceroy from hence, and to destroy and put to death not only all the Big-endian exiles, but likewise all the people of that empire who would not immediately forsake the Big-endian heresy;

imperial fleet (帝国艦隊) [名] the navy of an empire

royal port (王立港) [名] a port owned by the king or queen

province (属州) [名] a region or country governed as part of a larger country

put to death (死刑に処する) [動] kill someone as a punishment

heresy (異端) [名] belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious doctrine

前記クインバス・フレストリンは、ブレフスキュ帝国艦隊を王立港に連れ込んだ後、皇帝陛下から前記ブレフスキュ帝国の他のすべての船を拿捕し、その帝国を属州に縮小して、ここから総督に統治させ、すべての大端派亡命者だけでなく、大端派の異端をすぐに捨てないその帝国のすべての人々を破壊し、死刑に処するよう命じられたこと。

he, the said Flestrin, like a false traitor against his most auspicious, serene, imperial majesty, did petition to be excused from the said service, upon pretence or unwillingness to force the consciences, or destroy the liberties and lives of an innocent people.

he (彼) [代] the man being talked about

said (前記の) [形] previously mentioned

Flestrin (フレストリン) [名] the name of the man being talked about

traitor (裏切り者) [名] a person who betrays a friend, country, principle, etc.

serene (穏やかな) [形] calm, peaceful, and untroubled

excuse (免除) [動] to free from a duty or requirement

pretence (ふり) [名] an act of pretending

unwillingness (嫌がる) [名] the quality or state of being unwilling

force (強要する) [動] to make someone do something against their will

前記フレストリンは、最も縁起の良い、穏やかな皇帝陛下に対する偽りの裏切り者のように、良心を強要したり、罪のない人々の自由と命を破壊したりすることを嫌がるふりをして、前記の奉仕を免除するよう請願した。

ARTICLE 2

2 (2) [数] the number 2

第二条

That whereas certain ambassadors arrived from the court of Blefuscu to sue for peace in his majesty’s court, he, the said Flestrin, did, like a false traitor, aid, abet, comfort, and divert the said ambassadors, although he knew them to be servants to a prince who was lately an open enemy to his imperial majesty, and in an open war against his said majesty.

whereas (一方) [接] on the other hand

aid (助ける) [動] give help to

abet (教唆する) [動] encourage or assist someone to do something wrong, such as commit a crime

comfort (慰める) [動] make someone feel less unhappy or worried

ブレフスキュの宮廷から陛下の宮廷に和平を求める大使が到着したが、前記フレストリンは、彼らが最近皇帝陛下と公然と敵対し、陛下と公然と戦争を行っている王子の召使であることを知りながら、偽りの裏切り者のように、前記大使を助け、教唆し、慰め、気をそらしたこと。

ARTICLE 3

ARTICLE 3 (第三条) [名] the third article

第三条

That the said Quinbus Flestrin, contrary to the duty of a faithful subject, is now preparing to make a voyage to the court and empire of Blefuscu, for which he has received only verbal license from his imperial majesty, and, under color of the said license does falsely and traitorously intend to take the said voyage, and thereby to aid, comfort, and abet the emperor of Blefuscu, so late an enemy, and in open war with his imperial majesty aforesaid.

faithful (忠実な) [形] loyal, constant, and steadfast

verbal (口頭の) [形] relating to or consisting of words

color (口実) [名] a reason or excuse given for an action

falsely (偽り) [副] in an incorrect manner

traitorously (裏切り行為) [副] in a treacherous manner

thereby (それによって) [副] as a result of that

前記クインバス・フレストリンは、忠実な臣下の義務に反して、現在ブレフスキュの宮廷と帝国への航海の準備をしており、そのために皇帝陛下から口頭での許可しか受けておらず、前記許可を口実に、偽りかつ裏切り行為として前記航海を行い、それによって最近まで敵国であり、前述の皇帝陛下と公然と戦争を行っているブレフスキュの皇帝を助け、慰め、教唆しようとしていること。

“There are some other articles;

「他にもいくつか条項がある。

but these are the most important, of which I have read you an abstract.

important (重要な) [形] of great significance or value

abstract (要約) [名] a brief summary of a book, article, or other work

しかし、私が要約を読み上げたのは、最も重要な条項である。

“In the several debates upon this impeachment, it must be confessed that his majesty gave many marks of his great lenity, often urging the services you had done him, and endeavoring to extenuate your crimes.

debate (議論) [名] a discussion about a topic on which people have different views

lenity (寛大) [名] the quality of being lenient

urge (強調する) [動] to try to persuade someone to do something

extenuate (軽減する) [動] to make (something) seem less serious or less bad

「この弾劾に関するいくつかの議論の中で、陛下が何度も寛大な態度を示され、あなたが陛下のために行った奉仕を強調し、あなたの罪を軽減しようと努力されたことは認めざるを得ません。

The treasurer and admiral insisted that you should be put to the most painful and ignominious death by setting fire to your house at night;

admiral (海軍大臣) [名] the highest-ranking officer in a navy

insist (主張する) [動] demand something forcefully

painful (苦しい) [形] causing pain

財務大臣と海軍大臣は、夜にあなたの家に火を放って、あなたを最も苦しく不名誉な死に追いやるべきだと主張しました。

and the general was to attend with twenty thousand men, armed with poisoned arrows to shoot you on the face and hands.

twenty thousand (二万) [数] 20000

armed (武装した) [形] equipped with weapons

そして、将軍は毒矢で武装した二万人の兵士を率いて、あなたの顔や手を射抜く手はずでした。

Some of your servants were to have private orders to strew a poisonous juice on your shirts, which would soon make you tear your own flesh, and die in the utmost torture.

strew (振りかける) [動] scatter or spread untidily

poisonous (毒の) [形] causing or capable of causing death or illness if taken into the body

juice (液) [名] the liquid obtained from or present in fruit or vegetables

tear (引き裂く) [動] pull or rip apart or to pieces with force

torture (拷問) [名] the infliction of intense pain to the body or mind to punish, to extract a confession or information, or to obtain sadistic pleasure

あなたの召使の何人かは、あなたのシャツに毒液を振りかけるように内緒で命令を受けており、それによってあなたはすぐに自分の肉を引き裂き、最大の拷問の中で死ぬことになるでしょう。

The general came into the same opinion, so that for a long time there was a majority against you;

come into (持つようになる) [動] to come to have

for a long time (長い間) [副] for a long period of time

majority (過半数派) [名] the greater part or number; the majority of the population

将軍も同じ意見だったので、長い間あなたに反対する過半数派が存在しました。

but his majesty, resolving, if possible, to spare your life, at last brought off the chamberlain.

spare (助ける) [動] refrain from harming or destroying

bring off (説得する) [動] to accomplish or achieve something

しかし、陛下は、可能であればあなたの命を助けようと決意し、ついに侍従を説得しました。

“Upon this incident, Reldresal, principal secretary for private affairs, who always approved himself your true friend, was commanded by the emperor to deliver his opinion, which he accordingly did, and therein justified the good thoughts you have of him.

incident (事件) [名] an event or action that is unpleasant or that causes damage

principal secretary (長官) [名] the head of a government department

true friend (真の友人) [名] a person who is a friend in the truest sense

be commanded by (命じられる) [動] to be given an order by someone

deliver (述べる) [動] to say or express something

therein (そこで) [副] in that place, time, or thing

justify (正当化する) [動] to show or prove to be right or reasonable

good thought (良い考え) [名] a positive or optimistic thought

「この事件に際して、常にあなたの真の友人であることを自認していた内務長官のReldresalは、皇帝から意見を述べるよう命じられ、それに従って意見を述べ、そこであなたが彼に対して抱いている良い考えを正当化しました。

He allowed your crimes to be great, but that still there was room for mercy, the most commendable virtue in a prince, and for which his majesty was so justly celebrated.

crime (罪) [名] an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be prosecuted by the state and is punishable by law

be great (大きい) [動] of an extent, amount, or intensity considerably above average

room (余地) [名] space that can be occupied

celebrate (称賛する) [動] to observe (a holiday or festival) with ceremonies and festivities

彼はあなたの罪が大きいことを認めましたが、それでも君主にとって最も称賛に値する美徳である慈悲の余地があり、そのために陛下は正当に称賛されていました。

He said the friendship between you and him was so well known to the world that perhaps the most honorable board might think him partial;

well known (よく知られている) [形] known by many people

perhaps (おそらく) [副] possibly; maybe

partial (偏見がある) [形] biased; favoring one side over another

彼は、あなたと彼の間の友情は世界によく知られているので、おそらく最も名誉ある委員会は彼を偏見があると思うかもしれないと言いました。

however, in obedience to the command he had received, he would freely offer his sentiments.

freely (自由に) [副] without restriction or limitation

offer (述べる) [動] present or proffer

sentiment (意見) [名] a thought, view, or attitude

しかし、彼は受けた命令に従って、自由に自分の意見を述べました。

That if his majesty, in consideration of your services, and pursuant to his own merciful disposition, would please to spare your life, and only give orders to put out both your eyes, he humbly conceived that, by this expedient, justice might in some measure be satisfied, and all the world applaud the lenity of the emperor, as well as the fair and generous proceedings of those who have the honor to be his counselors.

consideration (考慮) [名] thinking about the possible effects of an action

pursuant (従って) [形] following

merciful (慈悲深い) [形] showing mercy

put out (潰す) [動] extinguish

measure (ある程度) [名] a step taken for a particular purpose

satisfy (満足させる) [動] meet the requirements of

world (全世界) [名] the earth and all its countries and peoples

applaud (賞賛する) [動] show approval or praise

counselor (顧問) [名] a person who gives advice, especially professionally

陛下があなたの奉仕を考慮し、また陛下自身の慈悲深い性質に従って、あなたの命を助け、両目を潰すように命令するだけで済むなら、この方策によって正義はある程度満足されるだろうし、全世界が皇帝の寛大さ、また皇帝の顧問を務める名誉ある人々の公正で寛大な処置を賞賛するだろうと、彼は謙虚に考えました。

That the loss of your eyes would be no impediment to your bodily strength, by which you might still be useful to his majesty;

impediment (支障) [名] a hindrance or obstruction in doing something

bodily strength (体力) [名] the quality or state of being physically strong

あなたの目を失っても、あなたの体力に支障をきたすことはなく、陛下のお役に立つことができるでしょう。

that blindness is an addition to courage, by concealing dangers from us;

blindness (盲目) [名] the condition of being unable to see

addition (増す) [名] the action or process of adding something to something else

conceal (隠す) [動] not allow to be seen; hide

盲目は危険を隠すことで勇気を増すものである。

that the fear you had for your eyes was the greatest difficulty in bringing over the enemy’s fleet;

difficulty (障害) [名] a problem

bring over (連れてくる) [動] persuade to come over to one's side

あなたの目に対する恐怖が敵の艦隊を連れてくる上で最大の障害だった。

and it would be sufficient for you to see by the eyes of the ministers, since the greatest princes do no more.

be sufficient (十分だろう) [動] be enough

see by the eyes of (目を通して見る) [動] see through the eyes of

大君主もそれ以上のことをしないのだから、大臣の目を通して見るだけで十分だろう。

“This proposal was received with the utmost disapprobation by the whole board.

「この提案は評議会全体に最大の不評を買った。

Bolgolam, the admiral, could not preserve his temper;

Bolgolam (ボルゴラム) [名] a character in Gulliver's Travels

temper (冷静さ) [名] a state of mind in which one's feelings are not easily disturbed or excited

提督のボルゴラムは冷静さを保てなかった。

but, rising up in fury, said he wondered how the secretary durst presume to give his opinion for preserving the life of a traitor;

fury (激怒) [名] extreme anger

wonder (思う) [動] be curious or in doubt about

secretary (大臣) [名] a person appointed by a state leader to head a department of the state administration

preserve (助ける) [動] keep alive or in existence

激怒して立ち上がり、大臣がよくも裏切り者の命を助けようなどという意見を述べたものだと言った。

that the services you had performed were, by all true reasons of state, the great aggravation of your crimes;

あなたが行った奉仕は、国家の真の理由からすれば、あなたの罪を大いに悪化させるものだった。

that the same strength which enabled you to bring over the enemy’s fleet, might serve, upon the first discontent, to carry it back;

serve (役立つ) [動] be of use to

discontent (不満) [名] a feeling of dissatisfaction

あなたが敵の艦隊を連れてくることができた同じ力が、最初の不満の時に、それを連れ戻すのに役立つかもしれない。

that he had good reasons to think you were a Big-endian in your heart;

have good reason to (十分な理由がある) [動] have a good reason to do something

彼にはあなたが心の中で大端派だと考えるのに十分な理由があった。

and, as treason begins in the heart before it appears in overt acts, so he accused you as a traitor on that account, and therefore insisted you should be put to death.

overt (公然の) [形] done or shown openly; not secret or hidden

act (行為) [名] something that you do

そして、反逆は公然の行為に現れる前に心の中で始まるので、彼はその理由であなたを裏切り者として非難し、それゆえあなたは死刑に処せられるべきだと主張した。

“The treasurer was of the same opinion: he showed to what straits his majesty’s revenue was reduced by the charge of maintaining you, which would soon grow insupportable;

revenue (収入) [名] income from a business or other source

grow (なる) [動] become larger or greater over a period of time

insupportable (耐え難い) [形] too extreme or unpleasant to be endured

「財務大臣も同じ意見だった。彼はあなたを維持する費用によって陛下の収入がどれほど困難になっているかを示し、それはすぐに耐え難いものになるだろう。

that the secretary’s expedient of putting out your eyes was so far from being a remedy against this evil, that it would probably increase it, as is manifest from the common practice of blinding some kind of fowl, after which they fed the faster and grew sooner fat;

remedy (救済策) [名] a medicine or treatment for a disease or injury

increase (増大させる) [動] make or become greater or more numerous

manifest (明らかである) [形] clear or obvious to the eye or mind

common practice (一般的な慣行) [名] something that is done often or regularly

blind (盲目にする) [動] make unable to see

feed (餌を食べる) [動] give food to

書記官のあなたの目を潰すという方便はこの悪に対する救済策には程遠く、むしろそれを増大させるだろう、それはある種の鳥を盲目にする一般的な慣行から明らかであり、その後、彼らはより早く餌を食べ、より早く太った。

that his sacred majesty and the council, who are your judges, were in their own consciences fully convinced of your guilt, which was a sufficient argument to condemn you to death, without the formal proofs required by the strict letter of the law.

sacred majesty (陛下) [名] a title of respect for a king or queen

judge (裁判官) [名] a public official who decides cases in a court of law

fully (十分に) [副] completely or entirely

convince (確信する) [動] cause (someone) to believe firmly in the truth of something

guilt (有罪) [名] the fact or state of having committed a crime

argument (議論) [名] a reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong

condemn (処する) [動] express complete disapproval of; censure strongly

formal (正式な) [形] done in accordance with rules of convention or etiquette

あなたの裁判官である陛下と評議会は、あなたを有罪だと確信しており、それは法律の厳密な文言に従って要求される正式な証拠がなくても、あなたを死刑に処するのに十分な議論だった。

“But his imperial majesty, fully determined against capital punishment, was graciously pleased to say, that since the council thought the loss of your eyes too easy a censure, some other may be inflicted hereafter.

capital punishment (極刑) [名] the death penalty

graciously (快く) [副] in a kind and pleasant way

pleased (仰せになった) [動] to be happy about something

hereafter (今後) [副] from now on

「しかし、陛下は極刑に反対する決意を固めていたので、評議会があなたの目を失うことは軽すぎると考えているため、今後は他の刑罰が科せられるかもしれないと、快く仰せになった。

And your friend the secretary, humbly desiring to be heard again, in answer to what the treasurer had objected concerning the great charge his majesty was at in maintaining you, said that his excellency, who had the sole disposal of the emperor’s revenue, might easily provide against that evil by gradually lessening your establishment;

again (再び) [副] once more; another time

object (異議を唱える) [動] to express an objection

disposal (管理) [名] the action or process of getting rid of something

lessen (減らす) [動] to make or become less

establishment (定員) [名] a business organization or public institution

そして、あなたの友人である書記官は、財務大臣があなたを維持するために陛下が負担している多大な費用に関して異議を唱えたことに対して、再び意見を述べたいと謙虚に願い、皇帝の収入を独占的に管理している財務大臣は、あなたの定員を徐々に減らすことで、その悪を簡単に防ぐことができると述べた。

by which, for want of sufficient food, you will grow weak and faint, and lose your appetite, and consequently decay and consume in a few months;

by which (それによって) [副] as a result of which

faint (衰弱した) [形] lacking brightness or vividness

decay (衰弱する) [動] rot or decompose

consume (消耗する) [動] eat, drink, or ingest

それによって、十分な食料が不足するため、あなたは弱り、衰弱し、食欲を失い、その結果、数ヶ月で衰弱し、消耗してしまうだろう。

neither would the stench of your carcass be then so dangerous, when it should become more than half diminished;

diminish (減る) [動] become or make smaller or less

あなたの死体の悪臭も、半分以上減ればそれほど危険ではなくなるだろう。

and immediately upon your death, five or six thousand of his majesty’s subjects might, in two or three days, cut your flesh from your bones, take it away by cartloads, and bury it in distant parts, to prevent infection, leaving the skeleton as a monument of admiration to posterity.

five or six thousand (五、六千) [名] a number

two or three days (二、三日) [名] a period of time

cut (切り離す) [動] separate with a sharp instrument

take away (運び去る) [動] remove from a place

bury (埋める) [動] put or hide under the ground

infection (感染) [名] the state of being infected

skeleton (骨格) [名] the hard structure that supports the body

monument (記念碑) [名] a structure built to remember a person or event

そして、あなたが死んだらすぐに、陛下の臣下五、六千人が二、三日のうちにあなたの肉を骨から切り離し、荷車に積んで運び去り、感染を防ぐために遠く離れた場所に埋め、骨格を後世に残す記念碑として残すことができる。

“Thus by the great friendship of the secretary, the whole affair was compromised.

compromise (妥協する) [動] reach an agreement by making concessions on both sides

「こうして、書記官の厚い友情によって、この事件はすべて妥協された。

It was strictly enjoined that the project of starving you by degrees should be kept a secret;

starve (飢えさせる) [動] suffer or die from lack of food

by degrees (徐々に) [副] gradually; slowly

keep a secret (秘密にしておく) [動] not tell anyone about something

あなたを徐々に飢えさせる計画は秘密にしておくように厳しく命じられていた。

but the sentence of putting out your eyes was entered on the books;

しかし、あなたの目を潰すという判決は記録に残された。

none dissenting except Bolgolam the admiral, who, being a creature of the empress, was perpetually instigated by her majesty to insist upon your death, she having borne perpetual malice against you.

dissenting (反対する) [動] disagree with

empress (女帝) [名] a woman who rules an empire

perpetually (絶えず) [副] continuously; constantly

instigate (唆す) [動] incite or urge to do something

majesty (女帝) [名] a title used to address or refer to a sovereign

bear (抱く) [動] carry or hold in one's arms

海軍大臣のボルゴラムだけは反対したが、彼は女帝の臣下であり、女帝はあなたに対して永遠の悪意を抱いていたので、女帝からあなたの死を主張するように絶えず唆されていた。

“In three days your friend the secretary will be directed to come to your house, and read before you the articles of impeachment;

be directed to (指示される) [動] be told to do something

「三日以内に、あなたの友人である書記官があなたの家に来るように指示され、あなたの前で弾劾状を読み上げる。

and then to signify the great lenity and favor of his majesty and council, whereby you are only condemned to the loss of your eyes, which his majesty does not question you will gratefully and humbly submit to;

question (疑う) [動] be uncertain about

そして、陛下と評議会の大いなる寛大さと恩寵を表明し、それによってあなたは目を失うだけの刑に処せられ、陛下はあなたが感謝して謙虚に従うことを疑わない。

and twenty of his majesty’s surgeons will attend, in order to see the operation well performed, by discharging very sharp-pointed arrows into the balls of your eyes, as you lie on the ground.

operation (手術) [名] a medical procedure involving incision or manipulation of tissues

そして、陛下の外科医二十名が、あなたが地面に横たわっている間に、あなたの眼球に非常に鋭い矢を放って、手術がうまく行われるかを見守るために立ち会う。

“I leave to your prudence what measures you will take;

leave to (任せる) [動] allow someone to decide or act without interference

prudence (賢明な判断) [名] the quality of being prudent; care and foresight in the management of affairs

「どんな対策をとるかはあなたの賢明な判断に任せる。

and to avoid suspicion, I must immediately return in as private a manner as I came.”

suspicion (疑い) [名] a feeling or thought that something is possible, likely, or true

そして、疑いを避けるために、私は来た時と同じように、すぐに内緒で帰らなければならない。」

His lordship did so;

彼はそうした。

and I remained alone, under many doubts and perplexities of mind.

alone (一人) [形] without other people

perplexity (困惑) [名] a state of confusion or uncertainty

そして、私は多くの疑問と困惑を抱えて一人残された。

It was a custom introduced by this prince and his ministry (very different, as I have been assured, from the practices of former times), that after the court had decreed any cruel execution, either to gratify the monarch’s resentment, or the malice of a favorite, the emperor made a speech to his whole council, expressing his great lenity and tenderness as qualities known and confessed by all the world.

ministry (大臣) [名] a person appointed by a state leader to head a ministry

introduce (導入する) [動] bring into use or operation

decree (命じる) [動] issue a decree or order

cruel (残酷な) [形] willfully causing pain or suffering to others

resentment (恨み) [名] a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

この皇帝とその大臣たちが導入した習慣で(私が聞いたところでは、以前の慣習とは大きく異なる)、宮廷が君主の恨みや寵臣の悪意を満足させるために残酷な処刑を命じた後、皇帝は評議会全体に向けて演説し、全世界に知られ認められた資質としての寛大さと優しさを表明するというものだった。

This speech was immediately published through the kingdom;

この演説はすぐに王国中に公表された。

nor did anything terrify the people so much as those encomiums on his majesty’s mercy;

terrify (恐れさせる) [動] fill with terror

国民を恐れさせるものは、陛下の慈悲を称賛する言葉ほど恐ろしい物はなかった。

because it was observed that the more these praises were enlarged and insisted on, the more inhuman was the punishment, and the sufferer more innocent.

because (なぜなら) [接] for the reason that

the more (より) [副] to a greater extent

insist (強調する) [動] demand or assert something forcefully

inhuman (非人道的) [形] lacking human qualities of compassion and mercy

なぜなら、これらの賞賛が拡大され、強調されればされるほど、処罰はより非人道的になり、被害者はより無実であることが観察されたからである。

And as to myself, I must confess, having never been designed for a courtier either by my birth or education, I was so ill a judge of things that I could not discover the lenity and favor of this sentence, but conceived it (perhaps erroneously) rather to be rigorous than gentle.

as to (については) [前] with regard to; concerning

having never been designed (設計されていなかった) [動] to have never been planned or created

sentence (判決) [名] a decision of a court of law

erroneously (誤り) [副] in an incorrect manner

rigorous (厳しい) [形] extremely thorough, exhaustive, or accurate

そして私自身については、生まれも育ちも廷臣になるようには設計されていなかったので、この判決の寛大さと好意を理解することができず、むしろ厳しいものと考えていた(おそらく誤り)ことを告白しなければならない。

I sometimes thought of standing my trial;

stand (耐える) [動] to be in a position or attitude in which you put your weight on your feet but not on your knees

私は時々、裁判に耐えようと思った。

for, although I could not deny the facts alleged in the several articles, yet I hoped they would admit of some extenuations.

deny (否定する) [動] state that one does not know or have

fact (事実) [名] something that is known or proved to be true

article (記事) [名] a piece of writing about a particular subject

admit (認める) [動] accept as true; acknowledge the existence or truth of

extenuation (酌量) [名] the action of making something seem less serious or more forgivable

なぜなら、私はいくつかの記事で主張されている事実を否定することはできないが、それでも彼らがいくつかの酌量を認めてくれることを望んだからである。

But having in my life perused many state trials, which I ever observed to terminate as the judges thought fit to direct, I durst not rely on so dangerous a decision, in so critical a juncture, and against such powerful enemies.

state trial (国家裁判) [名] a trial in a court of law

terminate (終了する) [動] bring to an end

decision (決定) [名] a conclusion or resolution reached after consideration

critical (重要な) [形] of great importance or significance

juncture (接合部) [名] a point of time

powerful (強力な) [形] having great power or strength

しかし、私の人生で多くの国家裁判を熟読し、裁判官が指示するのに適切と考えたように終了するのを観察したことがあるので、私はそれほど危険な決定に、それほど重要な接合部で、そしてそのような強力な敵に対して頼ることはできない。

Once I was strongly bent upon resistance;

bent upon (しようとした) [動] determined to do something

resistance (抵抗) [名] the refusal to accept or comply with something

かつて私は強く抵抗しようとした。

for while I had liberty, the whole strength of that empire could hardly subdue me, and I might easily with stones pelt the metropolis to pieces;

hardly (ほとんど) [副] almost not at all; barely

subdue (征服する) [動] conquer and bring under control

pelt (打ち砕く) [動] strike repeatedly with blows or missiles

私が自由である限り、その帝国の全勢力は私を征服することはほとんどできず、私は簡単に石で首都を粉々に打ち砕くことができる。

but I soon rejected that project with horror, by remembering the oath I had made to the emperor, the favors I received from him, and the high title of _nardac_ he conferred upon me.

oath (誓い) [名] a solemn promise, often invoking a divine witness, regarding one's future action or behavior

しかし、私はすぐに皇帝に誓った誓い、彼から受けた恩恵、そして彼が私に授けたナルダックの称号を思い出して、その計画を恐怖とともに拒否した。

Neither had I so soon learned the gratitude of courtiers, to persuade myself that his majesty’s present severities quitted me of all past obligations.

so soon (すぐに) [副] in a short time

quit (解放する) [動] leave a place or situation

私もまた、廷臣の感謝の念をすぐには学ばなかったので、陛下の現在の厳しさが過去のすべての義務から私を解放したと自分を説得することはできなかった。

At last I fixed upon a resolution for which it is probable I may incur some censure, and not unjustly, for I confess I owe the preserving of my eyes, and consequently my liberty, to my own great rashness and want of experience;

fix upon (決める) [動] decide on

incur (招く) [動] bring upon oneself

unjustly (不当に) [副] unfairly

owe (おかげだ) [動] be indebted to

preserving (守る) [動] keep safe from harm or injury

rashness (軽率) [名] acting without careful thought or planning

ついに私は決意を固めたが、そのために私は多少の非難を招くかもしれないが、それは不当なことではない。なぜなら、私は自分の目を守り、結果的に自由を得ることができたのは、自分の軽率さと経験不足のおかげだと認めているからだ。

because, if I had then known the nature of princes and ministers, which I have since observed in many other courts, and their methods of treating criminals less obnoxious than myself, I should with great alacrity and readiness have submitted to so easy a punishment.

obnoxious (不快感を与える) [形] extremely unpleasant

alacrity (快活に) [名] brisk and cheerful readiness

easy (簡単な) [形] able to be achieved without great effort

punishment (刑罰) [名] a penalty imposed on someone as a result of a criminal conviction

なぜなら、もし私がその後多くの他の宮廷で観察した王侯貴族や大臣たちの性質や、私よりも不快感を与えない犯罪者を扱う方法を知っていたら、私は非常に快活に、また喜んで、それほど簡単な刑罰に服従したであろうからである。

But hurried on by the precipitancy of youth, and having his imperial majesty’s license to pay my attendance upon the emperor of Blefuscu, I took this opportunity, before the three days were elapsed, to send a letter to my friend the secretary signifying my resolution of setting out that morning for Blefuscu, pursuant to the leave I had got;

hurry on (急ぐ) [動] move or act quickly

precipitancy (軽率) [名] rashness; acting without careful thought

youth (若さ) [名] the period of being young

have license (許可を得る) [動] be allowed to do something

pay attendance (随行する) [動] accompany someone as an attendant

take opportunity (機会を利用する) [動] make use of a favorable situation

elapse (経過する) [動] (of time) pass by

send letter (手紙を送る) [動] cause a letter to be delivered to a recipient

signify (伝える) [動] be a sign of; indicate

pursuant to (通りに) [前] in accordance with

leave (許可) [名] permission to be absent from a place or event

しかし、若さの軽率さに駆り立てられ、ブレフスキュ皇帝に随行する許可を皇帝陛下から得ていた私は、この機会を利用して、三日が経過する前に、友人の書記官に手紙を送り、その朝、許可を得た通りにブレフスキュに向けて出発する決意を伝えた。

and without waiting for an answer, I went to that side of the island where our fleet lay.

answer (返事) [名] a spoken or written reply or response

そして返事を待たずに、私は艦隊が停泊している島の側に行った。

I seized a large man of war, tied a cable to the prow, and lifting up the anchors, I stripped myself, put my clothes (together with my coverlet, which I brought under my arm) into the vessel, and drawing it after me, between wading and swimming, arrived at the royal port of Blefuscu, where the people had long expected me;

私は大きな軍艦をつかみ、船首にケーブルを結び、錨を上げ、服を脱ぎ、服を(腕の下に持ってきた掛け布団と一緒に)船に入れ、それを引っ張って、歩いたり泳いだりして、人々が長い間私を待っていたブレフスキュの王立港に到着した。

they lent me two guides to direct me to the capital city, which is of the same name.

lend (貸す) [動] give someone something temporarily

guide (案内人) [名] a person who shows the way

direct (案内する) [動] show the way to

彼らは私に二人の案内人を貸してくれて、同じ名前の首都まで案内してくれた。

I held them in my hands till I came within two hundred yards of the gate, and desired them to signify my arrival to one of the secretaries, and let him know I there waited his majesty’s commands.

私は門まで二百ヤード以内に近づくまで彼らを手に持ったままで、書記官の一人に私の到着を知らせ、そこで陛下のご命令を待っていることを伝えるように頼んだ。

I had an answer in about an hour, that his majesty, attended by the royal family, and great officers of the court, was coming out to receive me.

about an hour (一時間ほど) [名] a period of time equal to 60 minutes

royal family (王室) [名] the family of a king or queen

great officer (高官) [名] a person who has a high rank in an organization

一時間ほどして、王室と宮廷の高官を従えた陛下が私を迎えに来るという返事が来た。

I advanced a hundred yards.

私は百ヤード進んだ。

The emperor and his train alighted from their horses, the empress and ladies from their coaches, and I did not perceive they were in any fright or concern.

concern (不安) [名] worry or anxiety about something

皇帝とその従者は馬から降り、皇后と女官たちは馬車から降りたが、彼らが恐怖や不安を感じている様子は見られなかった。

I lay on the ground to kiss his majesty’s and the empress’s hands.

私は地面に横たわって陛下と皇后の手にキスをした。

I told his majesty that I was come according to my promise, and with the license of the emperor my master, to have the honor of seeing so mighty a monarch, and to offer him any service in my power, consistent with my duty to my own prince;

私は陛下に、約束通り、また私の主人である皇帝の許可を得て、このような強大な君主に拝謁する栄誉に浴し、また私の主人に対する義務に反しない限り、私の力の及ぶ限りの奉仕を申し出るために参上したと申し上げた。

not mentioning a word of my disgrace, because I had hitherto no regular information of it, and might suppose myself wholly ignorant of any such design;

word (一言) [名] a unit of language

hitherto (それまで) [副] until now

regular (正式な) [形] done or happening in a fixed and repeated way

ignorant (知らない) [形] lacking knowledge or awareness in general

私の失態については一言も触れなかったが、それは私がそれまでその件について正式な情報を得ておらず、またそのような計画については全く知らないと仮定できるからだった。

neither could I reasonably conceive that the emperor would discover the secret while I was out of his power;

reasonably (合理的に) [副] in a fair and sensible way

私が皇帝の支配下から離れている間に皇帝がその秘密を暴露するだろうとは合理的に考えることができなかった。

wherein, however, it soon appeared I was deceived.

appear (分かる) [動] be clear or obvious

deceive (騙す) [動] cause to believe something that is not true

しかし、その点では、すぐに私が騙されていたことが分かった。

I shall not trouble the reader with the particular account of my reception at this court, which was suitable to the generosity of so great a prince;

reception (歓待) [名] the way in which someone is received or welcomed

私はこの宮廷で受けた歓待の詳細を述べて読者を煩わせることはしないが、それはこのような偉大な君主の寛大さにふさわしいものだった。

nor of the difficulties I was in for want of a house and bed, being forced to lie on the ground, wrapped up in my coverlet.

lie (寝る) [動] be in or move into a horizontal position

wrap up (くるまる) [動] cover oneself with a blanket or other covering

また、家やベッドがなくて、掛け布団にくるまって地面に寝かざるを得なかったという困難についても述べない。

CHAPTER VIII

第八章

THE AUTHOR, BY A LUCKY ACCIDENT, FINDS MEANS TO LEAVE BLEFUSCU;

lucky (幸運な) [形] having, bringing, or resulting from good luck

means (手段) [名] a method, style, or manner of doing something

著者は、幸運な偶然によって、ブレフスキュを離れる手段を見つける。

AND, AFTER SOME DIFFICULTIES, RETURNS SAFE TO HIS NATIVE COUNTRY.

native country (故国) [名] the country where one was born

そして、いくつかの困難を経て、無事に故国に帰る。

Three days after my arrival, walking out of curiosity to the northeast coast of the island, I observed, about half a league off in the sea, somewhat that looked like a boat overturned.

off (先) [副] away from a place

somewhat (何か) [代] something

overturn (転覆する) [動] turn upside down

到着して三日後、好奇心から島の北東の海岸まで歩いていくと、海の半リーグほど先に、転覆した船のようなものが見えました。

I pulled off my shoes and stockings, and wading two or three hundred yards, I found the object to approach nearer by force of the tide;

pull off (脱ぐ) [動] remove

two or three hundred (二、三百) [形] two hundred or three hundred

approach (近づいてくる) [動] come near or nearer in space or time

私は靴と靴下を脱ぎ、二、三百ヤード歩いていくと、潮の力でその物体が近づいてくるのが見えました。

and then plainly saw it to be a real boat, which I supposed might by some tempest have been driven from a ship;

tempest (嵐) [名] a violent storm with high winds and usually rain, snow, or hail

そして、それが本物のボートであることがはっきりとわかり、嵐によって船から流されたのではないかと推測しました。

whereupon I returned immediately towards the city, and desired his imperial majesty to lend me twenty of the tallest vessels he had left after the loss of his fleet, and three thousand seamen, under the command of his vice-admiral.

tallest (最も大きな) [形] of great or more than average height

under the command of (の指揮下にある) [前] under the authority of

vice-admiral (副提督) [名] a naval officer ranking below an admiral and above a rear admiral

そこで私はすぐに都に戻り、皇帝陛下に、艦隊を失った後に残った最も大きな船を二十隻と、副提督の指揮下にある三千人の船員を貸して欲しいと頼みました。

This fleet sailed round, while I went back the shortest way to the coast where I first discovered the boat.

sail (回航する) [動] travel by water

round (回って) [副] in a circular motion

go back (戻る) [動] return to a previous place or state

shortest (最短の) [形] the least long

way (道) [名] a method, style, or manner of doing something

この艦隊が回航している間に、私は最短距離で船を最初に発見した海岸に戻りました。

I found the tide had driven it still nearer.

still (さらに) [副] even more; to an even greater extent

潮の力で船がさらに近づいているのがわかりました。

The seamen were all provided with cordage, which I had beforehand twisted to a sufficient strength.

cordage (索具) [名] the ropes in the rigging of a ship

beforehand (事前に) [副] in advance; before the event

船員たちは皆、私が事前に十分な強度にねじっておいた索具を用意していました。

When the ships came up, I stripped myself, and waded till I came within a hundred yards of the boat, after which I was forced to swim till I got up to it.

come up (近づく) [動] move or travel toward

船が近づいてきたとき、私は服を脱ぎ、船まで百ヤード以内まで歩いて行き、その後は船に着くまで泳ぐことを余儀なくされました。

The seamen threw me the end of the cord, which I fastened to a hole in the fore part of the boat, and the other end to a man of war;

throw (投げる) [動] propel through the air with a rapid movement of the arm and hand

fore (前部) [名] the front part of something

船員たちは私にロープの端を投げ、私はそれを船の前部の穴に固定し、もう一方の端を軍艦に固定しました。

but I found all my labor to little purpose;

labor (努力) [名] physical or mental work

little (ほとんど) [形] small in size or amount

しかし、私の努力はほとんど無駄に終わりました。

for, being out of my depth, I was not able to work.

be out of one's depth (能力を超えている) [動] be in a situation that is too difficult for one to deal with

私の能力を超えていたので、私は働くことができませんでした。

In this necessity I was forced to swim behind, and push the boat forward as often as I could, with one of my hands;

behind (後ろ) [副] at or to the rear of

この必要性から、私は後ろを泳ぎ、片手でできるだけ頻繁に船を前方に押し出さざるを得ませんでした。

and the tide favoring me, I advanced so far that I could just hold up my chin and feel the ground.

favor (有利に働く) [動] be partial to; prefer

潮が私に有利に働き、私はあごを持ち上げて地面を感じることができるところまで前進しました。

I rested two or three minutes, and then gave the boat another shove, and so on, till the sea was no higher than my arm-pits;

minute (分) [名] a unit of time equal to 60 seconds

shove (押す) [動] push roughly or with force

私は2、3分休んでから、また船を押し、海が私の脇の下より高くなくなるまでそうしました。

and now the most laborious part being over, I took out my other cables, which were stowed in one of the ships, and fastening them first to the boat, and then to nine of the vessels which attended me;

laborious (骨の折れる) [形] requiring a lot of effort

そして、最も骨の折れる部分が終わったので、私は船の1つに積み込まれていた他のケーブルを取り出し、最初にボートに固定してから、私に付き添った9隻の船に固定しました。

the wind being favorable, the seamen towed, and I shoved, until we arrived within forty yards of the shore, and waiting till the tide was out, I got dry to the boat, and by the assistance of two thousand men with ropes and engines, I made a shift to turn it on its bottom, and found it was but little damaged.

favorable (順調) [形] giving a positive result

tow (引っ張る) [動] pull something behind you

dry (歩いて行く) [動] make or become free from moisture

rope (ロープ) [名] a length of thick strong cord made by twisting together strands of nylon or other synthetic material

shift (ひっくり返す) [動] change from one thing to another

風が順調だったので、船員が引っ張り、私は岸から40ヤード以内に到着するまで押し、潮が引くまで待って、私は船まで歩いて行き、ロープと機械を持った2000人の助けを借りて、船を底にひっくり返して、ほとんど損傷していないことを確認しました。

I shall not trouble the reader with the difficulties I was under by the help of certain paddles, which cost me ten days’ making, to get my boat to the royal port of Blefuscu, where a mighty concourse of people appeared upon my arrival, full of wonder at the sight of so prodigious a vessel.

paddle (櫂) [名] a short oar with a broad blade

ten days (10日) [名] a period of ten days

get (運ぶ) [動] cause to move or be taken to a destination

私が10日かけて作った櫂を使って、私の船をブレフスキュの王立港に運ぶのに苦労したことは読者には迷惑をかけませんが、そこには私の到着時に大勢の人が集まり、このような巨大な船を見て驚いていました。

I told the emperor that my good fortune had thrown this boat in my way, to carry me to some place whence I might return into my native country;

tell (話す) [動] communicate with words

throw (現れる) [動] cause to move or be moved in a specified way

私は皇帝に、幸運にもこの船が私の道に現れ、私の母国に帰れる場所に連れて行ってくれると話しました。

and begged his majesty’s orders for getting materials to fit it up, together with his license to depart;

material (材料) [名] the matter from which a thing is or can be made

fit up (修理する) [動] repair or renovate

そして、出発許可証と一緒に、船を修理するための材料を入手するための陛下の命令を懇願しました。

which, after some kind expostulations, he was pleased to grant.

kind (親切な) [形] of a good or benevolent nature or disposition

expostulation (説得) [名] an earnest and urgent request or entreaty

grant (許可を与える) [動] to give or allow something to someone

皇帝は、いくつかの親切な説得の後、喜んで許可を与えてくれました。

I did very much wonder, in all this time, not to have heard of any express relating to me from our emperor to the court of Blefuscu.

all this time (この間ずっと) [名] the entire period of time

wonder (不思議に思う) [動] be curious or uncertain about something

relate to (に関する) [動] be connected with

私はこの間ずっと、私たちの皇帝からブレフスキュの宮廷に私に関する急使が来ていないことをとても不思議に思っていました。

But I was afterwards given privately to understand that his imperial majesty, never imagining I had the least notice of his designs, believed I was only gone to Blefuscu in performance of my promise, according to the license he had given me, which was well known at our court, and would return in a few days, when that ceremony was ended.

understand (知る) [動] perceive the intended meaning of words, language, or a speaker

never (決して~ない) [副] not ever; on no occasion; at no time

least (少しも~ない) [形] smallest in amount or degree

notice (気づく) [動] become aware of

day (日) [名] a period of twenty-four hours as a unit of time, reckoned from one midnight to the next, corresponding to a rotation of the earth on its axis

しかし、その後、私は内緒で、皇帝陛下は私が彼の計画に少しも気づいていないとは想像もせず、私がブレフスキュに行ったのは、彼が私に与えた許可証に従って、私の約束を果たすためだけであり、それは私たちの宮廷ではよく知られていて、その儀式が終わったら数日後には戻ってくると信じていたということを知りました。

But he was at last in pain at my long absence;

in pain (苦しむ) [動] suffer from pain

long absence (長い不在) [名] a long period of time away from a place or person

しかし、彼はついに私の長い不在に苦しむようになりました。

and after consulting with the treasurer and the rest of that cabal, a person of quality was dispatched with the copy of the articles against me.

cabal (陰謀団) [名] a secret political clique or faction

quality (上品な) [形] of high standard or grade

dispatch (派遣する) [動] send off to a destination or for a purpose

copy (コピー) [名] a duplicate of an original

そして、財務大臣やその陰謀団の残りのメンバーと相談した後、私に対する記事のコピーを持った上品な人物が派遣されました。

This envoy had instructions to represent to the monarch of Blefuscu, the great lenity of his master, who was content to punish me no further than with the loss of my eyes;

envoy (使節) [名] a diplomat sent on a special mission

この使節は、ブレフスキュの君主に、私の目を失うこと以外に私を罰することに満足している彼の主人の偉大な寛大さを代表するように指示されていました。

that I had fled from justice, and if I did not return in two hours, I should be deprived of my title of nardac and declared a traitor.

deprive (剥奪する) [動] take something away from someone

私は正義から逃げ出したのであり、もし2時間以内に戻らなければ、私はナルダックの称号を剥奪され、反逆者として宣告されるだろう。

The envoy further added, that in order to maintain the peace and amity between both empires, his master expected that his brother of Blefuscu would give orders to have me sent back to Lilliput, bound hand and foot, to be punished as a traitor.

further (さらに) [副] to a greater extent or degree

peace (平和) [名] a state of tranquility or quiet

amity (友好) [名] a friendly relationship

brother (兄弟) [名] a male sibling

back (戻す) [副] to or toward the place or time from which someone or something came

使節はさらに、両帝国間の平和と友好を維持するために、彼の主人はブレフスキュの兄弟が私をリリパットに送り返し、手足を縛って反逆者として罰するよう命令することを期待していると付け加えました。

The emperor of Blefuscu, having taken three days to consult, returned an answer consisting of many civilities and excuses.

take (費やす) [動] use or consume

excuse (言い訳) [名] a reason or explanation given to justify a fault or offense

ブレフスキュの皇帝は、相談に3日を費やした後、多くの礼儀と言い訳からなる返事を返しました。

He said that, as for sending me bound, his brother knew it was impossible;

as for (については) [前] with regard to; concerning

彼は、私を縛って送ることについては、彼の兄弟はそれが不可能であることを知っていたと言った。

that although I had deprived him of his fleet, yet he owed great obligations to me for many good offices I had done him in making the peace.

owe (負う) [動] have a debt to someone

make peace (和平を結ぶ) [動] end a war or conflict

私は彼から艦隊を奪ったが、それでも彼は私が和平を結ぶために彼にした多くの善い行いに対して私に大きな義務を負っている。

That, however, both their majesties would soon be made easy;

be made easy (安心する) [動] be relieved of anxiety or worry

しかし、両陛下はすぐに安心されるでしょう。

for I had found a prodigious vessel on the shore, able to carry me on the sea, which he had given orders to fit up, with my own assistance and direction;

fit up (整える) [動] make or become suitable or appropriate

direction (指示) [名] the management or guidance of a person or group

私が海に連れて行ってくれる巨大な船を岸で見つけたので、彼は私の助けと指示でそれを整えるように命じた。

and he hoped in a few weeks both empires would be freed from so insupportable an incumbrance.

a few weeks (数週間) [名] a small number of weeks

be freed from (解放される) [動] be released from

so (とても) [副] to a great extent or degree

incumbrance (負担) [名] something that is a burden or hindrance

そして彼は数週間のうちに両帝国が耐え難いほどの負担から解放されることを望んだ。

With this answer the envoy returned to Lilliput, and the monarch of Blefuscu related to me all that had passed, offering me at the same time (but under the strictest confidence) his gracious protection if I would continue in his service;

with this answer (この返事を持って) [名] with this reply

pass (経緯) [名] something that happened in the past

under the strictest confidence (最も厳しい信頼の下で) [名] in the strictest confidence

gracious (慈悲深い) [形] kind and pleasant

protection (保護) [名] the action of protecting someone or something

この返事を持って使節はリリパットに戻り、ブレフスキュの君主は私にこれまでの経緯をすべて話し、同時に(しかし最も厳しい信頼の下で)私が彼に仕え続けるならば彼の慈悲深い保護を申し出た。

wherein, although I believed him sincere, yet I resolved never more to put any confidence in princes or ministers, where I could possibly avoid it;

wherein (そこで) [副] in which place or situation

sincere (誠実な) [形] free from pretense or deceit; genuine; real

私は彼が誠実だと信じていたが、それでも私はできる限り王子や大臣を信頼しないことを決意した。

and therefore, with all due acknowledgments for his favorable intentions, I humbly begged to be excused.

and therefore (そのため) [接] for that reason

with all due acknowledgments (感謝しつつ) [名] with all the gratitude that is due

intention (意図) [名] an aim or plan

to be excused (許しを) [動] to be forgiven

そのため、彼の好意的な意図に感謝しつつ、私は謙虚に許しを請うた。

I told him that since fortune, whether good or evil, had thrown a vessel in my way, I was resolved to venture myself on the ocean, rather than be an occasion of difference between two such mighty monarchs.

good or evil (幸運にも不幸にも) [名] whether something is good or bad

venture (乗り出す) [動] undertake a risky or daring journey or course of action

ocean (海) [名] a large expanse of sea

difference (争い) [名] a disagreement or argument

私は彼に、幸運にも不幸にも私の道に船が投げ込まれたので、私はそのような強大な君主二人の間に争いの種になるよりも、海に乗り出す決意をしたと言った。

Neither did I find the emperor at all displeased;

at all (全く) [副] in any way; to any extent

displeased (不満そう) [形] not satisfied or pleased

皇帝も全く不満そうには見えなかった。

and I discovered, by a certain accident, that he was very glad of my resolution, and so were most of his ministers.

そして、ある偶然から、彼が私の決意をとても喜んでおり、大臣のほとんどもそうであることがわかった。

These considerations moved me to hasten my departure somewhat sooner than I intended;

move (動かす) [動] cause to move or be moved

hasten (早める) [動] cause to happen sooner than otherwise expected

departure (出発) [名] the act of leaving a place

somewhat (少し) [副] to a small extent or degree

sooner (より早く) [副] earlier or before the usual or expected time

これらの考慮から、私は出発を予定より少し早めることにした。

to which the court, impatient to have me gone, very readily contributed.

contribute (手伝う) [動] give or supply in order to help achieve or provide something

宮廷は私を早く行かせたくて、その準備をとても手伝ってくれた。

Five hundred workmen were employed to make two sails to my boat, according to my directions, by quilting thirteen folds of their strongest linen together.

workman (職人) [名] a person who works in a skilled trade

sail (帆) [名] a piece of fabric that catches the wind and propels a boat

fold (重ね) [名] a bend in a piece of paper

together (合わせて) [副] with or near each other

quilt (縫い合わせる) [動] sew together two pieces of fabric with a layer of padding in between

私の指示に従って、五百人の職人が、彼らの最も強い麻布を十三枚重ねて縫い合わせ、私の船の帆を二枚作るために雇われた。

I was at the pains of making ropes and cables, by twisting ten, twenty, or thirty of the thickest and strongest of theirs.

be at the pains of (苦労する) [動] to take great care or effort to do something

ten (十) [名] the number 10

私は彼らの最も太くて強いロープを十本、二十本、三十本とねじり合わせて、ロープやケーブルを作るのに苦労した。

A great stone that I happened to find, after a long search, by the seashore, served me for an anchor.

a great stone (大きな石) [名] a large rock

happen to find (偶然見つける) [動] find by chance

after a long search (長い探索の末に) [副] after a long time of searching

by the seashore (海岸で) [副] at the edge of the sea

serve for (の役目を果たす) [動] be used as

長い探索の末に海岸で偶然見つけた大きな石が錨の役目を果たした。

I had the tallow of three hundred cows for greasing my boat, and other uses.

tallow (獣脂) [名] a hard fatty substance made from the fat of cattle or sheep and used in making candles and soap

cow (牛) [名] a large domesticated ungulate with horns and a long tail

greasing (油差し) [名] the act of applying grease to something

私は船の油差しやその他の用途のために三百頭の牛の獣脂を用意した。

I was at incredible pains in cutting down some of the largest timber trees for oars and masts, wherein I was, however, much assisted by his majesty’s ship-carpenters, who helped me in smoothing them, after I had done the rough work.

cut down (切り倒す) [動] to fell or chop down

oar (オール) [名] a long pole with a flat blade at one end used for rowing or steering a boat

mast (マスト) [名] a tall upright post on a ship or boat that supports the sails

incredible (信じられないほどの) [形] too extraordinary or improbable to be believed

pain (苦労) [名] a state of great suffering or unhappiness

ship-carpenter (船大工) [名] a person who builds and repairs ships

smooth (滑らかにする) [動] to make or become smooth

rough (荒削り) [形] having a surface or texture that is not smooth or level

私はオールとマストのために最大の木材の木を切り倒すのに信じられないほどの苦労をしたが、その中で私は、私が荒削りをした後、それらを滑らかにするのを助けてくれた陛下の船大工に大いに助けられた。

In about a month, when all was prepared, I sent to receive his majesty’s commands, and to take my leave.

in about a month (約一ヶ月で) [副] in approximately one month

when all was prepared (全ての準備が整ったので) [副] when everything was ready

take one's leave (お暇を告げる) [動] say goodbye

約一ヶ月で、全ての準備が整ったので、私は陛下のご命令を受け、お暇を告げるために使いを出した。

The emperor and royal family came out of the palace;

皇帝と皇族が宮殿から出てきて、

I lay down on my face to kiss his hand, which he very graciously gave me;

私は彼の手にキスをするためにうつ伏せに寝そべり、彼は非常に優雅に私に手を差し出した。

so did the empress and young princess of the blood.

blood (血) [名] the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of people and vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body

皇后と皇女もそうした。

His majesty presented me with fifty purses of two hundred _sprugs_ apiece, together with his picture at full length, which I put immediately into one of my gloves, to keep it from being hurt.

present (下賜する) [動] give as a gift

full length (全身) [形] of or involving the entire length

glove (手袋) [名] a covering for the hand

陛下は私に、一袋に二百スプルーグ入った袋を五十袋と、全身像を下賜されたので、私はそれを傷つけないようにすぐに手袋の一つに入れた。

The ceremonies at my departure were too many to trouble the reader with at this time.

at this time (今ここで) [副] at the present time; now

私の出発の儀式は、今ここで読者に迷惑をかけるにはあまりに多かった。

I stored the boat with the carcasses of a hundred oxen and three hundred sheep, with bread and drink proportionable, and as much meat ready dressed as four hundred cooks could provide.

store (積み込む) [動] put something in a place for future use

ready (調理済み) [形] prepared or made beforehand

私は百頭の牛と三百頭の羊の死骸を、それに見合うパンと飲み物、そして四百人の料理人が用意できるだけの調理済みの肉を船に積み込んだ。

I took with me six cows and two bulls alive, with as many ewes and rams, intending to carry them into my own country and propagate the breed;

take with (連れて行く) [動] take someone or something with oneself

cow (雌牛) [名] a mature female mammal of the species Bos taurus

bull (雄牛) [名] a mature male mammal of the species Bos taurus

ewe (雌羊) [名] a female sheep

ram (雄羊) [名] a male sheep

carry (持ち帰る) [動] take or bring something from one place to another

breed (繁殖させる) [動] produce offspring

私は六頭の雌牛と二頭の雄牛、それに同じ数の雌羊と雄羊を生きたまま連れて行き、自分の国に持ち帰って繁殖させようと思った。

and to feed them on board, I had a good bundle of hay and a bag of corn.

board (船上) [名] a ship

hay (干し草) [名] dried grass

そして、船上でそれらを養うために、私は干し草の束とトウモロコシの袋を用意した。

I would gladly have taken a dozen of the natives, but this was a thing the emperor would by no means permit;

take (連れて行く) [動] carry or bring with oneself

dozen (十数) [名] a group of twelve

私は喜んで十数人の原住民を連れて行きたかったが、これは皇帝が決して許さないことだった。

and besides a diligent search into my pockets, his majesty engaged my honor not to carry away any of his subjects, although with their own consent and desire.

diligent (念入りな) [形] showing care and effort in your work or duties

search (調べる) [動] examine or inspect in order to find something

carry away (連れ去る) [動] take away; remove

私のポケットを念入りに調べたうえで、陛下は、たとえ本人の同意と希望があったとしても、臣民を連れ去らないことを私の名誉にかけて約束させた。

Having thus prepared all things as well as I was able, I set sail on the twenty-fourth day of September, 1701, at six in the morning;

twenty-fourth (二十四日) [名] the ordinal number of twenty-four

September (九月) [名] the ninth month of the year

こうして、できる限り万全の準備を整えて、私は一七〇一年九月二十四日、午前六時に出航した。

and when I had gone about four leagues to the northward, the wind being at southeast, at six in the evening I descried a small island about half a league to the northwest.

go (進む) [動] move or travel

northward (北へ) [副] toward the north

be at (吹く) [動] be in a certain state or condition

southeast (南東) [名] the direction halfway between south and east

北へ四リーグほど進んだとき、風が南東に吹いていたので、夕方六時頃、北西に半リーグほど離れたところに小さな島を見つけた。

I advanced forward, and cast anchor on the lee side of the island, which seemed to be uninhabited.

cast anchor (錨を下ろす) [動] drop anchor

lee side (風下側) [名] the side sheltered from the wind

uninhabited (無人島) [形] having no inhabitants

私は前進して、無人島らしい島の風下側に錨を下ろした。

I then took some refreshment and went to my rest.

refreshment (軽食) [名] a light snack or drink

それから、軽食を取って休んだ。

I slept well, and I conjecture at least six hours, for I found the day broke in two hours after I awaked.

sleep well (ぐっすり眠る) [動] sleep soundly

six hours (六時間) [名] a period of time equal to 360 minutes

day (夜) [名] the period of light between sunrise and sunset

break (明ける) [動] begin

私はぐっすり眠り、少なくとも六時間は寝たと思う。なぜなら、目覚めてから二時間後に夜が明けたからだ。

It was a clear night.

clear (晴れた) [形] free of clouds or mist

晴れた夜だった。

I ate my breakfast before the sun was up, and heaving anchor, the wind being favorable, I steered the same course that I had done the day before, wherein I was directed by my pocket compass.

breakfast (朝食) [名] the first meal of the day

compass (コンパス) [名] an instrument containing a magnetic needle that points to the magnetic north, used for navigation and orientation

私は日の出前に朝食をとり、錨を上げ、風が順調だったので、前日と同じ針路をとった。その針路は私のポケットコンパスで示されたものだった。

My intention was to reach, if possible, one of those islands which I had reason to believe lay to the northeast of Van Diemen’s Land.

if possible (可能ならば) [副] if it is possible

those (それらの) [限] used to refer to a group of people or things previously mentioned or easily identified

have reason to (信じるに足る理由がある) [動] have a good reason to do something

lay (ある) [動] be in a specified state or condition

Van Diemen's Land (タスマニア島) [名] a state of Australia

私の意図は、可能ならば、タスマニア島の北東にあると信じるに足る理由のある島の一つに到達することだった。

I discovered nothing all that day;

nothing (何一つ) [名] not a single thing

all that day (その日) [名] the entire day

その日は何一つ発見しなかった。

but upon the next, about three in the afternoon, when I had by my computation made twenty-four leagues from Blefuscu, I descried a sail steering to the southeast;

in the afternoon (午後) [名] the time from noon to evening

I (私) [代] the speaker or writer

had (~した) [助] have

by my computation (私の計算では) [名] the result of a calculation

made (~した) [動] produce or create

leagues (リーグ) [名] a unit of distance

descried (認めた) [動] catch sight of

a sail (帆) [名] a piece of fabric that catches the wind and propels a boat

steering (向かう) [動] direct the course of a ship or vehicle

to (~へ) [前] indicating the destination of a journey

the southeast (南東) [名] the direction midway between south and east

しかし、翌日の午後三時頃、私の計算ではブレフスキュから二十四リーグ離れたところで、南東に向かう帆を認めた。

my course was due east.

course (針路) [名] the direction in which a ship or aircraft is moving or is intended to move

due (真) [形] going directly toward a place or point

east (東) [名] the direction toward the rising sun

私の針路は真東だった。

I hailed her, but could get no answer;

hail (呼びかける) [動] greet or attract the attention of

私は呼びかけたが、返事はなかった。

yet I found I gained upon her, for the wind slackened.

gain (追いつく) [動] catch up with

slacken (弱まる) [動] become less intense or severe

それでも、風が弱まったので、私はその船に追いついた。

I made all the sail I could, and in half an hour she spied me, then hung out her ancient, and discharged a gun.

make sail (帆を張る) [動] to set sail

spy (見つける) [動] to catch sight of

hang out (掲げる) [動] to display

discharge (発射する) [動] to fire

私はできるだけ帆を張り、三十分後には船は私を見つけ、旗を掲げ、大砲を発射した。

It is not easy to express the joy I was in, upon the unexpected hope of once more seeing my beloved country and the dear pledges I had left in it.

beloved (愛する) [形] dearly loved

pledge (家族) [名] a solemn promise or undertaking

unexpected (思いがけない) [形] not expected or anticipated

愛する国とそこに残してきた愛する家族にもう一度会えるという思いがけない希望に、私の喜びを表現するのは簡単ではない。

The ship slackened her sails, and I came up with her between five and six in the evening, September twenty-sixth; but my heart leaped within me to see her English colors.

slacken (緩める) [動] make or become less tight or tense

come up with (追いつく) [動] to manage to produce, deliver, or present something by inventing, creating, thinking of, or obtaining it

船は帆を緩め、私は九月二十六日の夕方五時から六時の間に船に追いついたが、イギリスの旗を見て胸が躍った。

I put my cows and sheep into my coat pockets and got on board with all my little cargo of provisions.

get on board (乗り込む) [動] go onto or into a ship, train, or other vehicle

provision (食料) [名] the action of providing or supplying something

私は牛や羊をコートのポケットに入れ、食料の入った小さな荷物を持って船に乗り込んだ。

The vessel was an English merchantman returning from Japan by the North and South seas;

English (イギリスの) [形] of or relating to England or its people or language

merchantman (商船) [名] a ship or other vessel used in commerce

Japan (日本) [名] an island country located in East Asia

South (南) [名] the direction that is to your right when you are facing the rising sun

その船はイギリスの商船で、南北の海を経由して日本から帰国する途中だった。

the captain, Mr. John Biddel of Deptford, a very civil man and an excellent sailor.

Mr. John Biddel (ジョン・ビデル氏) [名] a man named John Biddel

Deptford (デプトフォード) [名] a district in south-east London

civil (礼儀正しい) [形] polite and considerate

船長はデプトフォードのジョン・ビデル氏で、とても礼儀正しく優秀な船乗りだった。

We were now in the latitude of 30 degrees south.

be in (いる) [動] be present in

30 degrees (三十度) [名] a unit of measurement of angles

私たちは南緯三十度にいた。

There were about fifty men in the ship;

船には約五十人の男がいた。

and here I met an old comrade of mine, one Peter Williams, who gave me a good character to the captain.

meet (会う) [動] come into the presence of

one (ある) [冠] a particular person or thing

Peter Williams (ピーター・ウィリアムズ) [名] a person's name

give (話す) [動] communicate or express

character (評判) [名] a person's reputation

ここで私は古い仲間のピーター・ウィリアムズに会い、彼が船長に私の良い評判を話してくれた。

This gentleman treated me with kindness and desired I would let him know what place I came from last, and whither I was bound;

let know (知らせる) [動] to inform

come from (来る) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker

whither (どこへ) [副] to what place or point

この紳士は私を親切に扱い、私が最後にどこから来たのか、どこへ向かうのか教えてほしいと頼んだ。

which I did in few words, but he thought I was raving, and that the dangers I underwent had disturbed my head;

do (話す) [動] say

rave (狂ったようにしゃべる) [動] talk wildly or incoherently

undergo (経験する) [動] experience

disturb (混乱させる) [動] interfere with the normal arrangement or functioning of

私はそれを手短に話したが、彼は私が狂ったようにしゃべっていると思い、私が経験した危険が私の頭を混乱させたのだと思った。

whereupon I took my black cattle and sheep out of my pocket, which, after great astonishment, clearly convinced him of my veracity.

cattle (牛) [名] an adult female mammal of the species Bos taurus

clearly (はっきりと) [副] in a way that is easy to understand

veracity (真実性) [名] conformity to truth or fact; accuracy

そこで私はポケットから黒牛と羊を取り出し、彼は非常に驚いた後、私の真実性をはっきりと確信した。

I then showed him the gold given me by the emperor of Blefuscu, together with his majesty’s picture at full length, and some other rarities of that country.

picture (絵) [名] a representation of a person, animal, or thing in a painting, drawing, photograph, etc.

それから私はブレフスキュ皇帝からもらった金と、皇帝の全身像、そしてその国の珍しい品々を見せた。

I gave him two purses of two hundred _sprugs_ each, and promised when we arrived in England to make him a present of a cow and a sheep big with young.

give (渡す) [動] transfer the possession of something to someone

promise (約束する) [動] assure someone that one will or will not do something

私は彼にそれぞれ二百スプルーグの入った財布を二つ渡し、イギリスに着いたら子牛と子羊をプレゼントすると約束した。

I shall not trouble the reader with a particular account of this voyage, which was very prosperous for the most part.

この航海の詳細については読者を煩わせることはしないが、ほとんどの部分が非常に順調だった。

We arrived in the Downs on the 13th of April, 1702.

the 13th (13日) [名] the thirteenth day of the month

April (4月) [名] the fourth month of the year

1702 (1702年) [名] the year 1702

我々は1702年4月13日にダウンズに到着した。

I had only one misfortune, that the rats on board carried away one of my sheep;

only one (唯一の) [形] being the only one

rat (ネズミ) [名] a small rodent that typically has a pointed snout, a long sparsely haired tail, and a high breeding rate

唯一の不幸は、船上のネズミが私の羊を1匹連れ去ってしまったことだった。

I found her bones in a hole, picked clean from the flesh.

pick (取る) [動] take hold of with the fingers or with an instrument

clean (きれいに) [副] completely

私は穴の中に彼女の骨を見つけたが、肉はきれいに取られていた。

The rest of my cattle I got safe on shore, and set them a-grazing on a bowling green at Greenwich, where the fineness of the grass made them feed very heartily, though I had always feared the contrary: neither could I possibly have preserved them in so long a voyage if the captain had not allowed me some of his best biscuit, which, rubbed to powder and mingled with water, was their constant food.

the rest of (残りの) [名] the remaining part of

set (放牧する) [動] put or place in a specified position

Greenwich (グリニッジ) [名] a borough in southeast London

bowling green (ボウリンググリーン) [名] a smooth grassy area for playing the game of bowls

fineness (細かさ) [名] the quality or state of being fine

heartily (元気に) [副] in a hearty manner

contrary (逆) [名] the opposite of something

biscuit (ビスケット) [名] a small, flat, dry cake that is usually sweet

powder (粉末) [名] a dry substance in the form of tiny particles

残りの家畜は岸に無事に着き、グリニッジのボウリンググリーンで放牧したが、草の細かさのおかげで、いつもは逆を心配していたのだが、とても元気に餌を食べていた。船長が私に彼の最高のビスケットを少し分けてくれなかったら、私は長い航海の間、家畜を保存することができなかっただろう。ビスケットを粉末状にして水と混ぜたものが、家畜の常食だった。

The short time I continued in England I made a considerable profit by showing my cattle to many persons of quality and others;

continue (滞在する) [動] remain in a place

make a profit (利益を得る) [動] make money

私がイギリスに滞在した短い期間に、私は家畜を多くの上流階級の人々やその他の人々に見せることでかなりの利益を得た。

and before I began my second voyage I sold them for six hundred pounds.

sell (売る) [動] give or hand over (something) in exchange for money

pound (ポンド) [名] the basic monetary unit of the United Kingdom

そして二度目の航海を始める前に、私は家畜を600ポンドで売った。

Since my last return I find the breed is considerably increased, especially the sheep;

since (以来) [前] in the intervening period after (the time mentioned)

breed (品種) [名] a group of animals or plants having common ancestors and characteristics

considerably (かなり) [副] to a noticeable extent

前回の帰国以来、特に羊の品種がかなり増えているのに気づいた。

which I hope will prove much to the advantage of the woolen manufacture, by the fineness of the fleeces.

woolen (毛織物) [形] made of wool

manufacture (製造) [名] the making of goods or wares by manual labor or by machinery, especially on a large scale

fleece (羊毛) [名] the woolly covering of a sheep or similar animal

羊毛の細かさから、毛織物製造に大いに役立つことを期待している。

I stayed but two months with my wife and family, for my insatiable desire of seeing foreign countries would suffer me to continue no longer.

insatiable (飽くなき) [形] extremely great

foreign country (外国) [名] a country that is not your own

私は妻や家族と二ヶ月しか過ごさなかったが、外国を見たいという飽くなき欲求が私をこれ以上留まらせなかった。

I left fifteen hundred pounds with my wife, and fixed her in a good house at Redriff.

fifteen hundred pounds (1500ポンド) [名] a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces

fix (住まわせる) [動] repair or mend

私は妻に1500ポンドを残し、レッドリフの良い家に住まわせた。

My remaining stock I carried with me, part in money and part in goods, in hopes to improve my fortunes.

remaining (残りの) [形] still existing

stock (株) [名] a supply of goods or materials

残りの株は、運を上げようと思って、一部を現金で、一部を品物で持ち運んだ。

My eldest uncle, John, had left me an estate in land near Epping of about thirty pounds a year, and I had a long lease of the Black Bull in Fetter Lane, which yielded me as much more;

eldest (長兄) [形] oldest

John (ジョン) [名] a male given name

estate (土地) [名] a large area of land in the country with a large house

Epping (エッピング) [名] a market town in Essex, England

long lease (長期賃借り) [名] a lease for a long period of time

Black Bull (ブラック・ブル) [名] a pub in Fetter Lane, London

yield (収入) [名] the amount of money that an investment produces

much more (それだけ多くの) [副] a lot more

私の長兄のジョンは、エッピングの近くに年間約30ポンドの土地を残してくれていたし、私はフェッター・レーンのブラック・ブルを長期賃借りしていたので、それだけ多くの収入があった。

so that I was not in any danger of leaving my family upon the parish.

parish (教区) [名] an administrative division of a diocese

だから、家族を教区に預ける危険はなかった。

My son Johnny, named so after his uncle, was at the grammar school, and a towardly child.

Johnny (ジョニー) [名] a male given name

grammar school (グラマースクール) [名] a school that prepares students for college

towardly (優秀な) [形] promising; likely to succeed

息子のジョニーは、叔父にちなんで名付けられたが、グラマースクールに通っていて、優秀な子供だった。

My daughter Betty (who is now well married and has children) was then at her needlework.

Betty (ベティ) [名] a female given name

married (結婚している) [形] in a state of marriage

then (当時) [副] at that time; at the time in question

needlework (針仕事) [名] the art or practice of sewing or embroidery

娘のベティ(今は結婚して子供がいる)は当時は針仕事をしていた。

I took leave of my wife and boy and girl with tears on both sides, and went on board the Adventure, a merchant ship of three hundred tons, bound for Surat, Captain John Nicholas of Liverpool, commander.

take leave of (別れを告げる) [動] say goodbye to

tear (涙) [名] a drop of the saline fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands

board (乗る) [動] get on or into a vehicle

Adventure (アドベンチャー号) [名] the name of a ship

merchant ship (商船) [名] a ship that carries goods

three hundred tons (三百トン) [名] a unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds

bound for (行き) [形] going to

Surat (スーラト) [名] a city in India

Captain John Nicholas (ジョン・ニコラス船長) [名] the name of a person

Liverpool (リバプール) [名] a city in England

commander (指揮する) [名] a person in charge of a military operation

私は妻と息子と娘に別れを告げ、双方涙を流しながら、リバプールのジョン・ニコラス船長が指揮する、スーラト行きの三百トンの商船アドベンチャー号に乗り込んだ。

But my account of this voyage must be referred to the Second Part of my travels.

refer (譲る) [動] pass on to another person or authority

しかし、この航海の記録は私の旅行の第二部に譲らなければならない。

A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG

Brobdingnag (ブロブディンナグ) [名] a land of giants in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

ブロブディンナグへの旅

CHAPTER I

第一章

A GREAT STORM DESCRIBED;

大嵐の描写

THE LONGBOAT SENT TO FETCH WATER;

longboat (ロングボート) [名] a large boat carried by a ship

fetch (汲む) [動] go and get something

水を汲みに出たロングボート

THE AUTHOR GOES WITH IT TO DISCOVER THE COUNTRY—

go with (乗り込む) [動] accompany

著者は国を発見するためにそれに乗り込む。

HE IS LEFT ON SHORE;

be left (残される) [動] remain after others have gone

彼は岸に残される。

IS SEIZED BY ONE OF THE NATIVES,

原住民の一人に取り押さえられる。

AND CARRIED TO A FARMER’S HOUSE—

farmer (農家) [名] a person who grows crops or raises animals for a living

そして農家の家に連れて行かれる。

HIS RECEPTION THERE,

そこでの彼の歓迎。

WITH SEVERAL ACCIDENTS THAT HAPPENED TO HIM—

彼に起こったいくつかの事故。

A DESCRIPTION OF THE INHABITANTS.

住民の説明。

Having been condemned by nature and fortune to an active and restless life, in two months after my return I again left my native country and took shipping in the Downs on the 20th day of June, 1702, in the Adventure, Captain John Nicholas, a Cornishman, commander, bound for Surat.

active (活動的) [形] characterized by energetic action or movement

restless (落ち着きのない) [形] unable to rest or relax

take shipping (出航する) [動] to go on a ship

the Downs (ダウンズ) [名] a roadstead off the east coast of Kent, England

the 20th day of June, 1702 (一七〇二年六月二十日) [名] the 20th day of the month of June in the year 1702

Cornishman (コーンウォール人) [名] a person from Cornwall

生まれつきの性質と運命によって、活動的で落ち着きのない生活を送ることになった私は、帰国後二ヶ月で再び故国を離れ、一七〇二年六月二十日、コーンウォール人ジョン・ニコラス船長の指揮するスーラト行きのアドベンチャー号に乗り、ダウンズから出航した。

We had a very prosperous gale till we arrived at the Cape of Good Hope, where we landed for fresh water;

have a gale (大風が吹く) [動] experience a gale

arrive at (着く) [動] reach a destination

Cape of Good Hope (喜望峰) [名] a rocky headland on the Atlantic coast of South Africa

land (上陸する) [動] go ashore

fresh water (真水) [名] water that is not salty

喜望峰に着くまで順風が吹き、そこで真水を補給するために上陸した。

but discovering a leak, we unshipped our goods and wintered there;

leak (漏水) [名] a hole or crack that allows liquid to pass through

unship (降ろす) [動] remove from a ship

winter (越冬する) [動] spend the winter

しかし、船に漏水が発見されたので、荷物を降ろしてそこで越冬した。

for the captain falling sick of an ague, we could not leave the Cape till the end of March.

fall sick (かかる) [動] become ill

ague (マラリア) [名] a fever characterized by chills and shivering

Cape (喜望峰) [名] a headland in South Africa

船長がマラリアにかかってしまったので、三月末まで喜望峰を離れることができなかった。

We then set sail, and had a good voyage till we passed the straits of Madagascar; but having got northward of that island, and to about five degrees south latitude, the winds, which in those seas are observed to blow a constant equal gale between the north and west from the beginning of December to the beginning of May, on the 19th of April began to blow with much greater violence and more westerly than usual, continuing so for twenty days together;

have a good voyage (順調な航海) [名] a journey by water

pass (通過する) [動] go past or across

Madagascar (マダガスカル) [名] an island country in the Indian Ocean

northward (北側) [名] the direction in which the north lies

blow (吹く) [動] move or be moved by the wind

constant (一定の) [形] non-varying

gale (強風) [名] a very strong wind

beginning (上旬) [名] the first part of something

その後出航し、マダガスカル海峡を通過するまでは順調な航海だったが、その島の北側に出て、南緯五度くらいまで来ると、この海域では十二月上旬から五月上旬まで北西の風が吹き続けるのが普通だが、四月十九日にはいつもよりずっと強く、西寄りの風が吹き始め、それが二十日間も続いた。

during which time we were driven a little to the east of the Molucca Islands, and about three degrees northward of the line, as our captain found by an observation he took the 2d of May, at which time the wind ceased, and it was a perfect calm;

Molucca Islands (モルッカ諸島) [名] an archipelago in Indonesia

about three degrees (三度ほど) [名] a unit of temperature

northward (北に) [副] in a northerly direction

line (赤道) [名] the equator

cease (止む) [動] come or bring to an end

calm (凪) [名] a period of calm weather

その間に船はモルッカ諸島の少し東、赤道から北に三度ほど流されたが、五月二日に船長が観測したところ、風が止んで、すっかり凪になった。

whereat I was not a little rejoiced.

whereat (これに) [副] at which

not a little (大いに) [副] very much

rejoice (喜ぶ) [動] feel or show great joy or delight

これに私は大いに喜んだ。

But he, being a man well experienced in the navigation of those seas, bid us all prepare against a storm, which accordingly happened on the day following;

be well experienced in (に精通している) [動] have a lot of knowledge or skill in

bid (命じる) [動] order or command

prepare (備える) [動] make ready for something

しかし、船長はこの海域の航海に精通した人物だったので、嵐に備えるよう全員に命じたが、その通りに翌日嵐になった。

for a southern wind, called the southern monsoon, began to set in.

southern (南の) [形] of or relating to the south

set in (吹き始める) [動] start to happen or exist

南モンスーンと呼ばれる南風が吹き始めたからである。

Finding it was like to overblow, we took in our spritsail, and stood by to hand the foresail;

overblow (強くなる) [動] blow too hard

take in (畳む) [動] furl

spritsail (船首斜檣帆) [名] a sail extended by a sprit

stand by (準備する) [動] be ready to act

foresail (前檣帆) [名] the principal sail on the foremast

風が強くなりそうだったので、船首斜檣帆を畳み、前檣帆を畳む準備をした。

but making foul weather, we looked if the guns were all fast, and handed the mizzen.

make (悪化する) [動] become worse

look (確認する) [動] check or verify

gun (大砲) [名] a weapon that fires a projectile using an explosive charge

fast (固定されている) [形] firmly fixed or attached

hand (畳む) [動] furl

しかし、天候が悪化したので、大砲がすべて固定されているか確認し、後檣帆を畳んだ。

The ship lay very broad off, so we thought it better spooning before the sea, than trying or hulling.

lay (横倒しになる) [動] be in or assume a horizontal position

broad (非常に) [形] of great extent from one side to the other

better (よりよい) [形] of a more excellent or effective type or quality

spoon (スプーン) [名] an implement with a handle and a shallow bowl-shaped container at the end, used for eating, stirring, and serving food

try (試みる) [動] make an attempt or effort to do something

hull (船体) [名] the main body of a ship or other vessel

船は非常に横倒しになっていたので、船首を風上に向けるよりも、船首を風下に向けて走らせる方がよいと考えた。

We reefed the foresail and set him, and hauled aft the foresheet;

reef (畳む) [動] reduce the area of a sail by rolling or folding a portion of it

set (張る) [動] cause to be in a specified state

haul (引く) [動] pull or drag with a great deal of effort

aft (後ろ) [副] at or toward the stern of a ship

foresheet (前檣帆の帆脚索) [名] a rope that controls the angle of the foresail

前檣帆を畳んで張り、前檣帆の帆脚索を後ろに引いた。

the helm was hard a-weather.

helm (舵) [名] a tiller or wheel for steering a ship or boat

hard (向けられた) [形] firmly or vigorously

a-weather (風上) [名] the direction from which the wind blows

舵は風上に向けられた。

The ship wore bravely.

wear (回頭する) [動] change direction by turning around

bravely (勇敢に) [副] in a courageous manner

船は勇敢に回頭した。

We belayed the fore-downhaul; but the sail was split, and we hauled down the yard and got the sail into the ship, and unbound all the things clear of it.

belay (固定する) [動] make fast (a rope) by winding it round a cleat, pin, or other object

fore-downhaul (前檣帆の下げ索) [名] a rope used to haul down the foresail

haul down (下ろす) [動] pull or drag with force

yard (帆桁) [名] a long slender piece of timber, metal, or plastic set up across a mast to support a sail

unbound (解き放つ) [動] release from a bond or tie

前檣帆の下げ索を固定したが、帆が裂けてしまったので、帆桁を下ろして帆を船内に入れ、帆からすべてのものを解き放った。

It was a very fierce storm;

fierce (激しい) [形] violent or intense in strength or degree

それはとても激しい嵐だった。

the sea broke strange and dangerous.

海は奇妙で危険な波を打った。

We hauled off upon the lanyard of the whipstaff and helped the man at helm.

haul off (引っ張る) [動] pull or drag with great effort

lanyard (索) [名] a short piece of rope or cord

whipstaff (舵柄) [名] a vertical lever attached to the tiller of a ship

舵柄の索を引っ張って、舵をとる男を助けた。

We would not get down our topmast, but let all stand, because she scudded before the sea very well, and we knew that the topmast being aloft, the ship was the wholesomer and made better way through the sea, seeing we had sea room.

get down (降ろす) [動] cause to come or go down

topmast (トップマスト) [名] the second section of a mast, immediately above the lower mast

scud (走る) [動] move fast with little or no effort

aloft (上) [副] up in or into the air

wholesome (健全) [形] promoting health or well-being of mind or spirit

make way (進む) [動] move or travel

sea room (海路) [名] the space needed to maneuver a ship safely

トップマストを取り下ろさずに、すべてを立てたままにした。なぜなら、船は海を前にとてもよく走り、トップマストが上にあると船はより健全で、海をよりよく進むことができるとわかっていたからだ。

When the storm was over we set foresail and mainsail and brought the ship to.

be over (過ぎ去る) [動] have ended

foresail (前帆) [名] the lowest sail on the foremast

mainsail (主帆) [名] the principal sail on a mainmast

bring (止める) [動] cause to come to a specified place

嵐が過ぎ去ると、前帆と主帆を張って船を止めた。

Then we set the mizzen, main-topsail and the fore-topsail.

mizzen (後檣帆) [名] the lowest sail on the mizzenmast

main-topsail (主檣上帆) [名] the second sail up from the deck on the mainmast

fore-topsail (前檣上帆) [名] the second sail up from the deck on the foremast

それから、後檣帆、主檣上帆、前檣上帆を張った。

Our course was east-north-east, the wind was at southwest.

east-north-east (東北東) [名] the direction midway between east and northeast

southwest (南西) [名] the direction midway between south and west

進路は東北東、風は南西だった。

We got the starboard tacks aboard;

get (取り込む) [動] obtain by care, effort, or the like

starboard (右舷) [名] the right-hand side of a ship or aircraft looking forward

tack (タッキング) [名] a change of direction when sailing into the ind

右舷のタッキングを船内に取り込んだ。

we cast off our weather braces and lifts;

cast off (解く) [動] to untie or unfasten

weather (風上側の) [形] on the side from which the wind is blowing

brace (支索) [名] a rope used to support a spar or other object

lift (索具) [名] a device for hoisting or lowering

風上側の支索と索具を解いた。

we set in the lee braces and hauled forward by the weather bowlings, and hauled them tight, and belayed them, and hauled over the mizzen-tack to windward, and kept her full and by as near as she would lie.

set in (張る) [動] to put something in place

lee brace (風下側の支索) [名] a rope used to adjust the angle of a sail

haul (引っ張る) [動] to pull or drag with force

weather bowling (風上側のボウリング) [名] a rope used to adjust the angle of a sail on the windward side of a ship

tight (きつく) [副] firmly or closely

mizzen-tack (後檣帆) [名] the lowest sail on the mizzenmast

windward (風上側) [名] the direction from which the wind is blowing

full (できるだけ) [副] to the greatest extent

lie (保つ) [動] to be in or remain in a specified state

風下側の支索を張り、風上側のボウリングで前方に引っ張り、それをきつく引っ張って、それを固定し、後檣帆を風上側に引っ張り、船をできるだけ風上に保った。

During this storm, which was followed by a strong wind west-south-west, we were carried, by my computation, about five hundred leagues to the east, so that the oldest sailor on board could not tell in what part of the world we were.

follow (吹く) [動] come after in time

strong wind (強風) [名] a wind of high speed

west-south-west (西南西) [名] the direction midway between west and southwest

so that (そのため) [接] with the result that

oldest (一番年長の) [形] having lived or existed for a long time

on board (船上で) [副] on or in a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle

world (世界の) [名] the earth and all the people and countries on it

この嵐の間に、西南西の強風が吹き、私の計算では、東に約五百リーグも流され、船上で一番年長の船員でさえ、世界のどこにいるのかわからなかった。

Our provisions held out well, our ship was stanch, and our crew all in good health;

hold out (持ちこたえる) [動] to continue to exist or to continue to do something

stanch (頑丈な) [形] strong and in good condition

health (健康) [名] the condition of being sound in body and mind

食料は十分に持ち、船は頑丈で、乗組員は全員健康だった。

but we lay in the utmost distress for water.

lie (困る) [動] be in a specified state or condition

distress (困る) [名] extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain

しかし、水がなくて非常に困っていた。

We thought it best to hold on the same course rather than turn more northerly, which might have brought us to the northwest parts of Great Tartary and into the Frozen Sea.

hold on (維持する) [動] continue doing something

northerly (北に) [形] in a northerly direction

Frozen Sea (氷海) [名] the Arctic Ocean

もっと北に進路をとれば、大タタールの北西部や氷海にたどり着くかもしれないので、同じ進路を維持するのが最善だと考えた。

On the 16th day of June, 1703, a boy on the topmast discovered land.

on the 16th day of June (六月十六日) [名] the 16th day of the month of June

1703 (一七〇三年) [名] the year 1703

一七〇三年六月十六日、トップマストの少年が陸地を発見した。

On the 17th we came in full view of a great island, or continent (for we knew not whether), on the south side whereof was a small neck of land jutting out into the sea, and a creek too shallow to hold a ship of above one hundred tons.

on the 17th (十七日) [名] the seventeenth day of the month

come in full view of (はっきりと見える) [動] be able to see something clearly

continent (大陸) [名] a large landmass on Earth

land (陸地) [名] the solid, dry surface of the earth

jut out (突き出る) [動] project out or upward

creek (小川) [名] a small stream of water

too shallow (浅すぎる) [形] not deep enough

one hundred (百) [名] the number 100

ton (トン) [名] a unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds

十七日、大きな島か大陸(どちらかわからない)がはっきりと見え、その南側には海に突き出た小さな陸地と、百トン以上の船を収容するには浅すぎる小川があった。

We cast anchor within a league of this creek, and our captain sent a dozen of his men well armed in the longboat, with vessels for water, if any could be found.

send (送り出す) [動] to cause to go or be taken to a destination; to dispatch

dozen (十二) [名] a group of twelve things

well armed (武装した) [形] equipped with weapons

water (水) [名] the liquid that descends from the clouds as rain, forms streams, lakes, and seas, and is a major ingredient in all living matter and that when pure is an odorless, tasteless, very slightly compressibl...

私たちはこの小川から一リーグ以内に錨を下ろし、船長は水を汲むための容器を携えた十二人の武装した部下をロングボートに乗せて送り出した。

I desired his leave to go with them, that I might see the country and make what discoveries I could.

go with (一緒に行く) [動] to accompany

discovery (発見) [名] the act of finding something new

私は国を見て、できる限りの発見をするために、彼らと一緒に行く許可を船長に求めた。

When we came to land we saw no river or spring, nor any sign of inhabitants.

come to land (上陸する) [動] go ashore

river (川) [名] a large natural stream of water

spring (泉) [名] a natural flow of water from an underground source

上陸した時、川も泉も住民のしるしも見当たらなかった。

Our men therefore wandered on the shore to find out some fresh water near the sea, and I walked alone about a mile on the other side, where I observed the country all barren and rocky.

wander (さまよう) [動] move about or go to a place aimlessly or unsystematically

find out (見つける) [動] discover or notice

other side (反対側) [名] the side that is not this side

barren (不毛の) [形] not producing or capable of producing offspring

rocky (岩だらけの) [形] full of rocks

そのため、私たちの仲間は海の近くで真水を見つけようと岸をさまよい、私は反対側を約一マイル歩いたが、そこはすべて不毛で岩だらけだった。

I now began to be weary, and seeing nothing to entertain my curiosity, I returned gently down towards the creek;

begin to (始める) [動] start to do something

be weary (疲れる) [動] feel or show extreme tiredness

entertain (そそる) [動] hold the attention of

私は疲れ始め、好奇心をそそるものも何も見えなかったので、小川に向かってゆっくりと戻った。

and the sea being full in my view, I saw our men already got into the boat and rowing for life to the ship.

海が視界いっぱいに広がり、仲間がすでにボートに乗って船に向かって必死に漕いでいるのが見えた。

I was going to holla after them, although it had been to little purpose, when I observed a huge creature walking after them in the sea, as fast as he could;

go to (しようとする) [動] be about to do something

holla (叫ぶ) [動] shout or call out

as (できる限り) [接] to the extent or degree that

あまり意味はないが、彼らに叫ぼうとした時、巨大な生き物が海の中を全速力で彼らを追いかけているのに気づいた。

he waded not much deeper than his knees, and took prodigious strides.

deep (深い) [形] of great vertical extent

knee (膝) [名] the joint between the thigh and the lower leg

take (進む) [動] move or travel in a specified direction

stride (歩幅) [名] a long step

膝より深くはない水の中を歩き、驚くほど大きな歩幅で進んでいた。

But our men had the start of him half a league, and the sea thereabouts being full of sharp-pointed rocks, the monster was not able to overtake the boat.

half a league (半リーグ) [名] a unit of distance equal to about three miles

start (スタート) [名] the beginning of something

sharp-pointed (尖った) [形] having a sharp point

monster (怪物) [名] a large, ugly, and frightening imaginary creature

overtake (追い抜く) [動] catch up with and pass someone or something going in the same direction

しかし、仲間は半リーグ先を進んでおり、その辺りの海は尖った岩だらけだったので、怪物はボートに追いつくことができなかった。

This I was afterwards told, for I durst not stay to see the issue of that adventure, but ran as fast as I could the way I first went, and then climbed up a steep hill which gave me some prospect of the country.

issue (結末) [名] the final result or outcome

climb (登る) [動] go up

hill (丘) [名] a small mountain

これは後で聞いた話だが、私はその冒険の結末を見届ける勇気もなく、来た道を全速力で走り、それからこの国の景色が見える急な丘を登った。

I found it fully cultivated; but that which first surprised me was the length of the grass, which, in those grounds that seemed to be kept for hay, was above twenty feet high.

fully (完全に) [副] completely

cultivated (耕作された) [形] prepared and used for growing crops

surprise (驚かされる) [動] cause to feel surprised

ground (草地) [名] the surface of the earth

そこは完全に耕作されていたが、最初に驚かされたのは草の長さで、干し草用に刈り取られたと思われる草地では、草丈が20フィート以上もあった。

I fell into a highroad, for so I took it to be, though it served to the inhabitants only as a footpath through a field of barley.

fall into (出る) [動] come or go into

take (思う) [動] consider or regard in a specified way

serve (すぎない) [動] be used for a particular purpose

footpath (小道) [名] a path for pedestrians

barley (大麦) [名] a cereal plant grown in temperate climates

私は大通りに出た、と私は思ったのだが、住民にとっては大麦畑を通る小道にすぎなかった。

Here I walked on for some time, but could see little on either side, it being now near harvest, and the corn rising at least forty feet.

could see (見えた) [動] be able to see

either side (どちら側) [名] one or the other of two things

harvest (収穫) [名] the gathering of a crop

しばらく歩いたが、収穫期が近づいていて、とうもろこしが少なくとも40フィートもあるので、どちら側もほとんど見えなかった。

I was an hour walking to the end of this field, which was fenced in with a hedge of at least one hundred and twenty feet high, and the trees so lofty that I could make no computation of their altitude.

fence (囲む) [動] to enclose with a fence

hedge (生垣) [名] a fence or boundary formed by closely growing bushes or shrubs

one hundred and twenty (120) [数] the cardinal number that is the product of ten and twelve

lofty (高すぎる) [形] of imposing height

altitude (高さ) [名] the vertical distance above a given level, especially above sea level or above the earth's surface

私はこの畑の端まで歩くのに1時間かかったが、そこは少なくとも120フィートの高さの生垣で囲まれていて、木々は高すぎてその高さを計算することができなかった。

There was a stile to pass from this field into the next.

pass (行く) [動] move or travel

この畑から次の畑へ行くための踏み段があった。

It had four steps, and a stone to cross over when you came to the uppermost.

step (段) [名] a flat surface on which you put your foot when you go up or down

uppermost (一番上) [形] highest in place, position, or rank

4段の階段があり、一番上まで来ると石を越えて渡る。

It was impossible for me to climb this stile, because every step was six feet high, and the upper stone above twenty.

私にはこの踏み段を登ることは不可能だった、なぜならどの段も6フィートの高さで、上の石は20フィート以上あったからだ。

I was endeavoring to find some gap in the hedge, when I discovered one of the inhabitants in the next field advancing towards the stile, of the same size with him whom I saw in the sea pursuing our boat.

gap (隙間) [名] an opening or break

discover (見つける) [動] be the first to find or observe

stile (踏み段) [名] a set of steps that allow people to climb over a fence or wall

pursue (追いかける) [動] follow or chase

私が生垣に何か隙間がないか探そうと努力していた時、次の畑に住民の1人が踏み段に向かって進んでくるのをみつけたが、それは海で私たちのボートを追いかけていた人と同じ大きさだった。

He appeared as tall as an ordinary spire steeple, and took about ten yards at every stride, as near as I could guess.

spire (尖塔) [名] a tall, narrow tower on a building, typically a church or cathedral, forming a tapering point at the top of a structure

steeple (尖塔) [名] a tall, narrow tower on a building, typically a church or cathedral, forming a tapering point at the top of a structure

彼は普通の尖塔と同じくらい高く見え、私の推測では、一歩で約10ヤード進んだ。

I was struck with the utmost fear and astonishment, and ran to hide myself in the corn, whence I saw him at the top of the stile looking back into the next field on the right hand, and heard him call in a voice many degrees louder than a speaking trumpet;

hide (隠れる) [動] put or keep out of sight; conceal

look back (振り返る) [動] turn one's head and body to look in the direction from which one has come

call (呼びかける) [動] cry out to (someone) in order to attract their attention

many degrees (何倍も) [名] a unit of measurement of temperature

louder (より大きな) [形] producing or capable of producing much noise

speaking trumpet (拡声器) [名] a cone-shaped device used to amplify the human voice

私はこの上ない恐怖と驚愕に襲われ、走ってトウモロコシ畑に身を隠したが、そこから彼が踏み段の一番上で右手の次の畑を振り返っているのが見え、また彼が拡声器よりも何倍も大きな声で呼びかけるのが聞こえた。

but the noise was so high in the air, that at first I certainly thought it was thunder.

thunder (雷) [名] the loud noise caused by lightning

しかし、その音は空中でとても高かったので、最初は確かに雷だと思った。

Whereupon seven monsters like himself came towards him with reaping hooks in their hands, each hook about the largeness of six scythes.

seven (7人) [数] the number 7

reaping hook (鎌) [名] a tool with a curved blade used for harvesting crops

hook (鎌) [名] a tool with a curved blade used for harvesting crops

largeness (大きさ) [名] the quality or state of being large

scythe (大鎌) [名] a tool with a long curved blade used for mowing or reaping

すると、彼のような怪物が7人、手に鎌を持って彼の方へやってきたが、その鎌はどれも6本の大鎌を合わせたくらいの大きさだった。

These people were not so well clad as the first, whose servants or laborers they seemed to be;

these people (これらの人々) [名] the people that are being talked about

not so well (それほど立派ではない) [副] not as good

clad (服装をする) [動] to be dressed in a particular way

これらの人々は最初の人々ほど立派な服装をしておらず、召使か労働者のように見えた。

for, upon some words he spoke, they went to reap the corn in the field where I lay.

some words (何か) [名] an unspecified thing

reap (刈り取る) [動] cut or gather a crop

というのも、彼が何か言うと、彼らは私が横たわっている畑のトウモロコシを刈り取りに行ったからだ。

I kept from them at as great a distance as I could, but was forced to move with extreme difficulty, for the stalks of the corn were sometimes not above a foot distant, so that I could hardly squeeze my body betwixt them.

keep from (離れる) [動] stay away from

as great a distance as I could (できるだけ遠く) [名] the greatest distance that I could

move with extreme difficulty (非常に困難に移動する) [動] move with a lot of difficulty

stalk (茎) [名] the main stem of a plant

sometimes (時々) [副] occasionally

squeeze (押し込む) [動] press firmly and usually from both sides

betwixt (間に) [前] between

私はできるだけ彼らから離れていたが、トウモロコシの茎が時々1フィート以上離れていないので、その間に体を押し込むのが難しく、非常に困難に移動せざるを得なかった。

However, I made a shift to go forward till I came to a part of the field where the corn had been laid by the rain and wind.

make a shift (工夫する) [動] to change from one thing to another

come to (たどり着く) [動] to reach a place

rain (雨) [名] water falling in drops from the sky

しかし、私はトウモロコシが雨と風で倒れている畑の部分にたどり着くまで、前進する工夫をした。

Here it was impossible for me to advance a step;

be impossible (不可能である) [動] not able to be done or achieved

ここでは私には一歩も前進することは不可能だった。

for the stalks were so interwoven that I could not creep through, and the beards of the fallen ears so strong and pointed that they pierced through my clothes into my flesh.

be interwoven (絡み合っている) [動] be intertwined

creep through (這い抜ける) [動] crawl through

fallen ear (落ちた穂) [名] an ear of corn that has fallen to the ground

beard (ひげ) [名] the hair that grows on a man's face

pointed (尖っている) [形] having a sharp point

というのも、茎があまりにも絡み合っていて、私は這い抜けることができず、落ちた穂のひげがとても強く尖っていて、私の服を突き刺して肉に食い込んだ。

At the same time I heard the reapers not above a hundred yards behind me.

reaper (刈り取る人) [名] a person who harvests a crop

not above (以内) [副] not more than

hundred (100) [名] the number 100

同時に、私は刈り取る人たちが私の後ろ100ヤード以内にいるのを聞いた。

Being quite dispirited with toil, and wholly overcome by grief and despair, I lay down between two ridges, and heartily wished I might there end my days.

be dispirited with (意気消沈する) [動] be discouraged or depressed

toil (労苦) [名] hard work

overcome (打ちひしがれる) [動] defeat or overpower

wish (願う) [動] feel or express a strong desire or hope for something that is not easily attainable

労苦でかなり意気消沈し、悲しみと絶望に完全に打ちひしがれた私は、二つの畝の間に横たわり、そこで人生を終えたいと心から願った。

I bemoaned my desolate widow and fatherless children.

bemoan (嘆く) [動] express deep regret or guilt for

desolate (孤独な) [形] uninhabited and neglected

widow (未亡人) [名] a woman whose husband has died

fatherless (父親のいない) [形] having no father

私は孤独な未亡人と父親のいない子供たちを嘆いた。

I lamented my own folly and willfulness in attempting a second voyage against the advice of all my friends and relations.

lament (嘆く) [動] express grief or sorrow for

folly (愚かさ) [名] lack of good sense or judgment

willfulness (頑固さ) [名] the quality of being determined to do what you want and not what other people want

私は友人や親戚の忠告を無視して二度目の航海を試みようとした自分の愚かさと頑固さを嘆いた。

In this terrible agitation of mind I could not forbear thinking of Lilliput, whose inhabitants looked upon me as the greatest prodigy that ever appeared in the world;

agitation (動揺) [名] a state of anxiety or nervous excitement

mind (心) [名] the element of a person that enables them to be aware of the world and their experiences, to think, and to feel; the faculty of consciousness and thought

このようなひどい動揺の中で、私はリリパットを思い出さずにはいられなかった。リリパットの住民は私を世界に現れた最大の天才と見ていた。

where I was able to draw an imperial fleet in my hand, and perform those other actions which will be recorded forever in the chronicles of that empire, while posterity shall hardly believe them, although attested by millions.

record (記録する) [動] set down in writing or some other permanent form

forever (永遠に) [副] for all time; eternally

chronicle (年代記) [名] a record of events arranged in order of time

million (百万) [名] the number that is represented as a one followed by six zeros

そこでは私は帝国艦隊を手で引っ張ったり、その帝国の年代記に永遠に記録されるであろう他の行動をすることができたが、後世の人々はそれを信じることはできないだろう。

I reflected what a mortification it must prove to me to appear as inconsiderable in this nation as one single Lilliputian would be among us.

reflect (思う) [動] to think carefully about something

mortification (悔しさ) [名] a feeling of shame or humiliation

prove (思う) [動] to show or make clear that something is true or exists

appear (思われる) [動] to seem or be thought to be

inconsiderable (取るに足りない) [形] not worth thinking about or taking into account

single (一人の) [形] only one

私は、この国で一人のリリパット人が私たちの中にいるように取るに足りない存在であることが、私にとってどれほど悔しいことかを思った。

But this I conceived was to be the least of my misfortunes;

しかし、これは私の不幸の中では最も小さいものだと思った。

for, as human creatures are observed to be more savage and cruel in proportion to their bulk, what could I expect but to be a morsel in the mouth of the first among these enormous barbarians that should happen to seize me?

human creature (人間) [名] a human being

be observed (観察される) [動] be noticed or perceived

savage (野蛮な) [形] fierce, ferocious, or cruel; untamed

morsel (一口) [名] a small piece of food

barbarian (野蛮人) [名] a member of a people regarded as uncivilized

人間は体格に比例してより野蛮で残酷であることが観察されているので、私を捕まえようとするこれらの巨大な野蛮人の中で最初の人の口の中の一口になること以外に何を期待できるだろうか?

Undoubtedly philosophers are in the right when they tell us that nothing is great or little otherwise than by comparison.

philosopher (哲学者) [名] a person who studies or writes about philosophy

undoubtedly (間違いなく) [副] without doubt; certainly

right (正しい) [形] correct or true

comparison (比較) [名] the act of comparing two or more things

哲学者たちが、比較以外に大小はないと語るのは間違いなく正しい。

It might have pleased fortune to let the Lilliputians find some nation where the people were as diminutive with respect to them, as they were to me.

diminutive (小さい) [形] extremely or unusually small

リリパット人が、彼らにとって私と同じくらい小さな人々がいる国を見つけたら、運命は喜んだかもしれない。

And who knows but that even this prodigious race of mortals might be equally overmatched in some distant part of the world, whereof we have yet no discovery?

race (種族) [名] a group of people who share similar and distinctive physical characteristics

equally (同じように) [副] in the same manner

overmatch (圧倒する) [動] be too powerful for

そして、この驚異的な人間の種族でさえ、世界のどこか遠くで同じように圧倒されているかもしれないことを誰が知っているだろうか?

Scared and confounded as I was, I could not forbear going on with these reflections, when one of the reapers approaching within ten yards of the ridge where I lay, made me apprehend that with the next step I should be squashed to death under his foot, or cut in two with his reaping hook.

scared (怖い) [形] frightened; afraid

confounded (混乱した) [形] confused; perplexed

ridge (尾根) [名] a long, narrow elevation of land

squash (押しつぶす) [動] crush or squeeze

私が横たわっている尾根の10ヤード以内に近づいてきた刈り手たちの一人が、次の一歩で私が彼の足の下で押しつぶされて死んでしまうか、彼の刈り取りフックで真っ二つに切られてしまうのではないかと心配させたので、私は怖くて混乱していたが、これらの反射を続けるのを我慢できなかった。

And therefore when he was again about to move, I screamed as loud as fear could make me;

about to (しようとする) [動] be on the point of doing something

scream (叫ぶ) [動] cry out loudly, as in pain, fright, or anger

だから、彼がまた動き出そうとしたとき、私は恐怖のあまり大声で叫んだ。

whereupon the huge creature trod short, and looking round about under him for some time, at last espied me as I lay on the ground.

tread (踏み鳴らす) [動] step or walk on or over something

look round (見回す) [動] turn one's head or body to look in different directions

about (あたり) [前] on all sides of; around

espy (見つける) [動] catch sight of

すると、その巨大な生き物は足を踏み鳴らし、しばらくの間、自分の下を見回していたが、ついに地面に横たわっている私を見つけた。

He considered awhile, with the caution of one who endeavors to lay hold on a small dangerous animal in such a manner that it shall not be able either to scratch or to bite him, as I myself have sometimes done with a weasel in England.

lay hold on (捕まえる) [動] to take and hold

scratch (引っかく) [動] to make a mark or wound on the surface of something with a sharp or pointed object

bite (噛む) [動] to cut or wound with the teeth

weasel (イタチ) [名] a small carnivorous mammal of the family Mustelidae

彼はしばらく考えていたが、私自身もイギリスでイタチを捕まえたことがあったように、小さな危険な動物を捕まえようとするときの注意を払って、引っかいたり噛んだりできないようにしていた。

At length he ventured to take me up behind, by the middle, between his forefinger and thumb, and brought me within three yards of his eyes, that he might behold my shape more perfectly.

forefinger (人差し指) [名] the finger next to the thumb

ついに彼は、私の姿をもっとはっきりと見ようと、人差し指と親指で私の真ん中を後ろから持ち上げ、目の前3ヤード以内に近づけた。

I guessed his meaning, and my good fortune gave me so much presence of mind, that I resolved not to struggle in the least as he held me in the air above sixty feet from the ground, although he grievously pinched my sides, for fear I should slip through his fingers.

meaning (意味) [名] what is meant by a word, text, concept, or action

presence of mind (落ち着き) [名] the ability to think and act calmly and effectively, especially in a difficult situation

resolve (決める) [動] decide firmly on a course of action

hold (持ち上げる) [動] grasp, carry, or support with one's hands

slip (滑り落ちる) [動] move or cause to move smoothly and quickly

私は彼の意味を推測し、幸運にも私は非常に落ち着いていたので、彼が私を地面から60フィート以上も空中に持ち上げたとき、彼が私の脇腹をひどくつねったにもかかわらず、私は彼の指の間から滑り落ちるのではないかと心配して、少しも抵抗しないことに決めた。

All I ventured was to raise my eyes towards the sun and place my hands together in a supplicating posture, and to speak some words in a humble melancholy tone, suitable to the condition I then was in;

supplicating (懇願する) [形] asking or begging for something humbly

tone (口調) [名] the quality of a sound

私が敢えてしたのは、太陽に向かって目を上げ、両手を合わせて懇願する姿勢を取り、当時の状況にふさわしい謙虚で憂鬱な口調で言葉を発することだけだった。

for I apprehended every moment that he would dash me against the ground, as we usually do any little hateful animal which we have a mind to destroy.

every moment (一刻一刻と) [名] all the time

as (ように) [接] in the way that

do (やる) [動] to make, produce, or create

any (どんな) [限] one, some, or all indiscriminately of whatever quantity; one or some

hateful (嫌いな) [形] causing or worthy of hatred

destroy (殺す) [動] to cause the destruction of

というのも、私たちが嫌いな小さな動物を殺すときによくやるように、彼が私を地面に叩きつけてしまうのではないかと、私は一刻一刻と心配していたからだ。

But my good star would have it, that he appeared pleased with my voice and gestures, and began to look upon me as a curiosity, much wondering to hear me pronounce articulate words, although he could not understand them.

have it (そうである) [動] be in a specified state or condition

pleased (満足している) [形] feeling or showing satisfaction

curiosity (珍しいもの) [名] a strange or unusual object or fact

pronounce (発する) [動] make the sound of

articulate (はっきりとした) [形] expressed clearly

しかし、幸運なことに、彼は私の声と身振りに満足しているようで、私を珍しいものとして見始め、意味は理解できないものの、私がはっきりとした言葉を発するのを聞いてとても驚いていた。

In the meantime I was not able to forbear groaning and shedding tears, and turning my head towards my sides;

not able to (できない) [動] not having the skill or power to do something

groan (うめき声) [名] a deep, inarticulate sound of pain or grief

shed (流す) [動] cause to flow

その間、私はうめき声を上げ、涙を流し、頭を横に向けずにはいられなかった。

letting him know, as well as I could, how cruelly I was hurt by the pressure of his thumb and finger.

as well as (できる限り) [副] to the best of one's ability

cruelly (ひどく) [副] in a way that causes pain or suffering

hurt (傷つく) [動] to feel pain in a part of your body

pressure (圧迫) [名] the application of force or weight to something

彼の親指と人差し指の圧迫によってどれほどひどく傷ついたかを、できる限り彼に伝えようとした。

He seemed to apprehend my meaning;

apprehend (理解する) [動] perceive or understand

彼は私の言いたいことを理解したようだった。

for, lifting up the lappet of his coat, he put me gently into it, and immediately ran along with me to his master, who was a substantial farmer, and the same person I had first seen in the field.

lift up (持ち上げる) [動] raise to a higher position

lappet (襟) [名] a flap or fold of a garment

run along (走って行く) [動] go quickly

substantial (立派な) [形] of considerable importance, size, or worth

彼は上着の襟を持ち上げて、私をそっとその中に入れ、すぐに私を連れて主人のところまで走って行った。主人は立派な農夫で、私が最初に畑で見た人だった。

The farmer having (as I supposed by their talk) received such an account of me as his servant could give him, took a piece of a small straw, about the size of a walking staff, and therewith lifted up the lappets of my coat, which, it seems, he thought to be some kind of covering that nature had given me.

walking staff (杖) [名] a stick used to support oneself when walking

農夫は(彼らの話から推測するに)召使が私について話せる範囲で私のことを聞き、杖ほどの大きさの小さな麦わらを1本取り、それで私の上着の襟を持ち上げた。彼はそれを自然が私に与えたある種の覆いと考えていたようである。

He blew my hair aside to take a better view of my face.

aside (わきへ) [副] to or on one side

take a view (よく見る) [動] look at something carefully

彼は私の顔をもっとよく見ようと、私の髪を吹き飛ばした。

He called his hands about him, and asked them, as I afterwards learned, whether they had ever seen in the fields any little creature that resembled me.

hand (召使) [名] a person employed in a house on domestic duties or as a personal attendant

彼は召使たちを呼び集め、後で知ったことだが、畑で私に似た小さな生き物を見たことがあるかと尋ねた。

He then placed me softly on the ground upon all fours, but I got immediately up, and walked slowly backwards and forwards, to let those people see I had no intent to run away.

slowly (ゆっくり) [副] not quickly; at a low speed

let (示す) [動] allow or enable someone to do something

intent (つもり) [名] intention; purpose

それから彼は私を四つん這いでそっと地面に置いたが、私はすぐに立ち上がり、逃げるつもりがないことを人々に示すためにゆっくりと前後に歩いた。

They all sat down in a circle about me, the better to observe my motions.

circle (輪) [名] a round plane figure whose boundary (the circumference) consists of points equidistant from a fixed point (the center)

彼らは皆、私の動きをよく観察するために私の周りに輪になって座った。

I pulled off my hat, and made a low bow towards the farmer.

make a bow (お辞儀をする) [動] bend the upper part of the body as a sign of respect

私は帽子を脱ぎ、農夫に向かって深々とお辞儀をした。

I fell on my knees, and lifted up my hands and eyes, and spoke several words as loud as I could.

fall on one's knees (ひざまずく) [動] go down on one's knees

as loud as one can (できるだけ大きな声で) [副] as loudly as one can

私はひざまずき、両手と目を上げ、できるだけ大きな声でいくつかの言葉を話した。

I took a purse of gold out of my pocket, and humbly presented it to him.

humbly (差し出す) [副] having or showing a modest or low estimate of one's own importance

present (差し出す) [動] give something to someone formally or as a gift

私はポケットから金の財布を取り出し、彼に差し出した。

He received it on the palm of his hand, then applied it close to his eye to see what it was, and afterwards turned it several times with the point of a pin (which he took out of his sleeve), but could make nothing of it.

apply (当てる) [動] bring into contact with

pin (ピン) [名] a thin, pointed piece of metal with a sharp point at one end and a round head at the other

sleeve (袖) [名] the part of a garment that covers the arm

make (理解する) [動] come to understand

彼はそれを手のひらに受け取り、それが何であるかを見るために目の近くに当て、その後、(袖から取り出した)ピンの先で何度か回したが、何も理解できなかった。

Whereupon I made a sign that he should place his hand on the ground.

そこで私は彼に手を地面に置くように合図した。

I then took the purse, and opening it, poured all the gold into his palm.

pour (注ぐ) [動] cause to flow in a stream

それから私は財布を取り出し、それを開けて、彼の手のひらにすべての金を注いだ。

There were six Spanish pieces of four pistoles each, besides twenty or thirty smaller coins.

Spanish (スペイン貨) [形] of or relating to Spain or its people or language

pistole (ピストル) [名] a former gold coin of Spain and Spanish America

coin (硬貨) [名] a piece of metal with an official stamp, used as money

20枚か30枚の小さな硬貨のほかに、それぞれ4ピストルのスペイン貨が6枚あった。

I saw him wet the tip of his little finger upon his tongue, and take up one of my largest pieces, and then another, but he seemed to be wholly ignorant what they were.

wet (濡らす) [動] make or become damp or moist

tip (先) [名] the end of something pointed or projecting

little finger (小指) [名] the smallest finger on the hand

another (もう1枚) [名] an additional one

seem (ようだった) [動] appear to be

彼が小指の先を舌で濡らし、私の一番大きな硬貨を1枚、また1枚と取り上げたが、それが何であるか全く知らないようだった。

He made me a sign to put them again into my purse, and the purse again into my pocket, which after offering it to him several times, I thought it best to do.

offer (差し出す) [動] to present something to someone for them to accept or reject

彼は私にそれらを再び財布に入れ、財布を再びポケットに入れるように合図したが、何度か彼に差し出した後、そうするのが一番だと思った。

The farmer by this time was convinced I must be a rational creature.

by this time (この時までには) [副] by now

rational (理性的な) [形] based on or acting on reason or logic

農夫はこの時までには私が理性的な生き物に違いないと確信していた。

He spoke often to me, but the sound of his voice pierced my ears like that of a watermill, yet his words were articulate enough.

sound (音) [名] vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person's or animal's ear

pierce (突き刺さる) [動] go into or through something

彼はよく私に話しかけたが、彼の声は水車の音のように私の耳に突き刺さったが、彼の言葉は十分に明瞭だった。

I answered as loud as I could in several languages, and he often laid his ear within two yards of me, but all in vain, for we were wholly unintelligible to each other.

loud (大きな) [形] producing or capable of producing much noise

vain (無駄な) [形] producing no result or effect

unintelligible (理解できない) [形] not able to be understood

私はできるだけ大きな声でいくつかの言語で答え、彼はよく私の2ヤード以内に耳を傾けたが、すべて無駄だった、なぜなら私たちはお互いに全く理解できなかったからだ。

He then sent his servants to their work, and taking his handkerchief out of his pocket, he doubled and spread it on his left hand, which he placed flat on the ground with the palm upwards, making me a sign to step into it, as I could easily do, for it was not above a foot in thickness.

spread (広げる) [動] stretch out so as to cover a wider area

upwards (上) [副] towards a higher place or position

step (乗る) [動] move at a regular and fairly slow pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

thickness (厚さ) [名] the distance between the two opposite surfaces of something

それから彼は召使たちを仕事に送り出し、ポケットからハンカチを取り出して二つ折りにして左手に広げ、手のひらを上にして地面に平らに置き、私が簡単にできるようにその上に乗るように合図したが、厚さは1フィート以上なかったので、私は簡単に乗ることができた。

I thought it my part to obey, and, for fear of falling, laid myself at full length upon the handkerchief, with the remainder of which he lapped me up to the head for further security, and in this manner carried me home to his house.

obey (従う) [動] follow the commands, instructions, or orders of

remainder (残り) [名] the part that is left over

lap (包む) [動] wrap or fold over or around something

security (安全) [名] the state of being free from danger or threat

私は従うのが自分の役目だと思い、落ちるのが怖かったのでハンカチの上に横たわり、残りの部分でさらに安全に頭まで包み、こうして私を家まで運んでくれた。

There he called his wife, and showed me to her;

そこで彼は妻を呼び、私を見せた。

but she screamed and ran back, as women in England do at the sight of a toad or a spider.

toad (ヒキガエル) [名] a frog that lives on land

spider (クモ) [名] an eight-legged animal that spins webs

しかし、彼女はイギリスの女性がヒキガエルやクモを見たときのように悲鳴を上げて逃げ出した。

However, when she had awhile seen my behavior, and how well I observed the signs her husband made, she was soon reconciled, and by degrees grew extremely tender of me.

reconcile (仲直りする) [動] to restore friendly relations

by degrees (次第に) [副] gradually

tender (優しい) [形] expressing gentleness or warmth

しかし、しばらく私の行動を見て、私が夫の合図をどれほどよく守っているかを知ると、すぐに仲直りして、次第に私にとても優しくなった。

It was about twelve at noon and a servant brought in dinner.

about twelve (12時頃) [名] approximately twelve o'clock

noon (正午) [名] twelve o'clock in the daytime

bring in (運んでくる) [動] to cause to come or go into a place

正午頃で、召使が夕食を運んできた。

It was only one substantial dish of meat (fit for the plain condition of a husbandman), in a dish of about four-and-twenty feet diameter.

only one (1つだけ) [名] a single thing

fit (ふさわしい) [形] of a suitable quality, standard, or type

husbandman (農夫) [名] a farmer

four-and-twenty (24) [名] the number 24

diameter (直径) [名] a straight line passing from side to side through the center of a circle or sphere

それは直径約24フィートの皿に盛られた、肉のメインディッシュ(農夫の質素な生活にふさわしい)だけだった。

The company were the farmer and his wife, three children, and an old grandmother.

company (同席) [名] the fact of being with someone

grandmother (祖母) [名] the mother of one's father or mother

同席したのは農夫とその妻、3人の子供、そして老祖母だった。

When they were sat down, the farmer placed me at some distance from him on the table, which was thirty feet high from the floor.

some distance (少し離れたところ) [名] a place that is not near

彼らが座ると、農夫は私を床から30フィートもあるテーブルの上に、自分から少し離れたところに置いた。

I was in a terrible fright, and kept as far as I could from the edge for fear of falling.

be in a terrible fright (ひどく恐ろしい) [動] be very scared

keep (離れる) [動] stay away from

edge (端) [名] the outside limit of an object

私はひどく恐ろしくて、落ちるのが怖くて端からできるだけ離れていた。

The wife minced a bit of meat, then crumbled some bread on a trencher, and placed it before me.

mince (刻む) [動] cut or chop into very small pieces

crumble (砕く) [動] break or cause to break into small fragments

妻は肉を少し刻み、それから木皿にパンを少し砕いて私の前に置いた。

I made her a low bow, took out my knife and fork, and fell to eat, which gave them exceeding delight.

fork (フォーク) [名] a pronged tool used for eating or serving food

fall to (食べ始める) [動] start doing something

delight (喜ぶ) [名] a feeling of great pleasure

私は彼女に深々とお辞儀をし、ナイフとフォークを取り出して食べ始めると、彼らは非常に喜んだ。

The mistress sent her maid for a small dram cup, which held about three gallons, and filled it with drink;

mistress (女主人) [名] a woman in a position of authority or control

maid (メイド) [名] a female domestic servant

dram (酒杯) [名] a small drink of alcoholic liquor

cup (杯) [名] a small container with a handle, used for drinking from

hold (注ぐ) [動] contain or be able to contain

gallon (ガロン) [名] a unit of volume for liquid measure equal to four quarts

女主人はメイドを小さな酒杯を取りに行かせ、そこに約3ガロンの酒を注いだ。

I took up the vessel with much difficulty in both hands, and in a most respectful manner drank to her ladyship’s health, expressing the words as loud as I could in English, which made the company laugh so heartily that I was almost deafened with the noise.

both hands (両手) [名] the two hands of a person

respectful (敬意を払った) [形] showing or expressing respect

express (述べる) [動] to put into words

company (一同) [名] a group of people

laugh (笑う) [動] to make the sounds and movements of the face that express amusement

私は両手でとても苦労して杯を取り上げ、最も敬意を払った態度で奥様の健康を祝して飲み、できるだけ大きな声で英語で言葉を述べたが、それが一同をとても陽気に笑わせたので、私はその騒ぎでほとんど耳が聞こえなくなった。

This liquor tasted like a small cider, and was not unpleasant.

taste (味がする) [動] have a particular flavor

small (弱い) [形] little in size

cider (リンゴ酒) [名] an alcoholic drink made from fermented apple juice

unpleasant (不快な) [形] not pleasant

この酒は弱いリンゴ酒のような味がして、不快ではなかった。

Then the master made me a sign to come to his trencher side;

それから主人は私に彼の食器の側に来るように合図した。

but as I walked on the table, being in great surprise all the time, as the indulgent reader will easily conceive and excuse, I happened to stumble against a crust, and fell flat on my face, but received no hurt.

as I walked on the table (私がテーブルの上を歩いていると) [接] at the same time that

being in great surprise (驚きっぱなしだったので) [動] feel or show surprise

all the time (終始) [副] always; on every occasion

as the indulgent reader will easily conceive and excuse (寛大な読者なら容易に想像して許してくれるだろうが) [接] on the condition that

I happened to stumble against a crust (パンの皮につまずいて) [動] trip or momentarily lose one's balance

fell flat on my face (うつ伏せに倒れてしまった) [動] fall or cause to fall to the ground

received no hurt (怪我はなかった) [動] be physically injured

しかし、私がテーブルの上を歩いていると、寛大な読者なら容易に想像して許してくれるだろうが、終始驚きっぱなしだったので、パンの皮につまずいてうつ伏せに倒れてしまったが、怪我はなかった。

I got up immediately, and observing the good people to be in much concern, I took my hat (which I held under my arm out of good manners), and waving it over my head, gave three huzzas, to show I had got no mischief by my fall.

get up (起き上がる) [動] rise from a lying, sitting, or kneeling position

good people (善良な人々) [名] people who are kind and generous

huzza (万歳) [名] a shout of approval or encouragement

mischief (怪我) [名] physical or mental harm or damage

私はすぐに起き上がり、善良な人々がとても心配しているのを見て、帽子を取り(礼儀正しく腕に抱えていた)、頭上で振り回して、転倒しても怪我をしていないことを示すために三回万歳をした。

But advancing forwards towards my master (as I shall henceforth call him), his youngest son, who sat next to him, an arch boy of about ten years old, took me up by the legs, and held me so high in the air that I trembled in every limb;

henceforth (今後) [副] from this time on

youngest (末っ子) [形] the least old

next to (隣に) [前] immediately adjacent to

しかし、私の主人(今後はそう呼ぶことにする)の方へ進むと、彼の隣に座っていた末っ子の息子、十歳くらいのいたずらっ子が私の足をつかんで、空中に高く持ち上げたので、私は手足を震わせた。

but his father snatched me from him, and at the same time gave him such a box on the left ear as would have felled a European troop of horse to the earth, ordering him to be taken from the table.

snatch (奪い取る) [動] take or grab suddenly and forcibly

left ear (左耳) [名] the ear on the left side of the head

box (平手打ち) [名] a slap with the open hand

fell (倒す) [動] cause to fall

earth (地面) [名] the ground; the surface of the world

しかし、彼の父親は私を彼から奪い取り、同時に彼の左耳にヨーロッパの騎兵隊を地面に倒すほどの平手打ちを食らわせ、彼をテーブルから連れ去るように命じた。

But being afraid the boy might owe me a spite, and well remembering how mischievous all children among us naturally are to sparrows, rabbits, young kittens, and puppy dogs, I fell on my knees, and pointing to the boy, made my master to understand as well as I could, that I desired his son might be pardoned.

be afraid (心配になる) [動] be worried or anxious

owe (恨む) [動] feel or show a strong feeling of dislike or hostility

mischievous (いたずら) [形] causing trouble in a playful way

rabbit (ウサギ) [名] a small mammal

kitten (子猫) [名] a young cat

puppy (子犬) [名] a young dog

point to (指さす) [動] direct someone's attention to something

make someone understand (理解させる) [動] cause someone to understand something

pardon (許す) [動] excuse or forgive someone for an offense or mistake

しかし、少年が私を恨むのではないかと心配になり、私たちの国の子供たちが雀、ウサギ、子猫、子犬にどれほどいたずらをするかよく覚えていたので、私はひざまずいて少年を指さし、主人に息子を許して欲しいとできる限り理解させた。

The father complied, and the lad took his seat again, whereupon I went to him and kissed his hand, which my master took, and made him stroke me gently with it.

lad (少年) [名] a boy or young man

take one's seat (席に着く) [動] sit down

stroke (なでる) [動] move one's hand gently and smoothly over

父親はそれに応じ、少年は再び席に着き、私は彼のところに行って彼の手にキスをすると、主人は彼の手を取って、それで私を優しくなでさせた。

In the midst of dinner, my mistress’s favorite cat leaped into her lap.

dinner (食事) [名] the main meal of the day

favorite (愛猫) [形] preferred before all others

cat (猫) [名] a small domesticated carnivorous mammal with soft fur, a short snout, and retractile claws

食事の最中に、女主人の愛猫が彼女の膝に飛び乗った。

I heard a noise behind me like that of a dozen stocking weavers at work;

weaver (編み機) [名] a person who makes fabric by weaving

私の後ろで、1ダースの靴下編み機が動いているような音が聞こえた。

and turning my head, I found it proceeded from the purring of this animal, who seemed to be three times larger than an ox, as I computed by the view of her head, and one of her paws, while her mistress was feeding and stroking her.

proceed (出ている) [動] come from

purr (喉を鳴らす) [動] make a low continuous vibratory sound

頭を向けると、その音はこの動物の喉を鳴らす音から出ていることがわかった。女主人が餌を与えて撫でている間に見た頭と前足から判断すると、牛の3倍はありそうだった。

The fierceness of this creature’s countenance altogether discomposed me, though I stood at the further end of the table, above fifty feet off;

creature (動物) [名] an animal

fierceness (恐ろしさ) [名] the quality of being fierce

discompose (面食らわせる) [動] to disturb the composure of

私はテーブルの端の50フィート以上も離れたところに立っていたが、この動物の顔の恐ろしさにはすっかり面食らってしまった。

and though my mistress held her fast, for fear she might give a spring, and seize me in her talons.

hold fast (しっかりと抱きかかえる) [動] to hold tightly

spring (飛びかかる) [動] move or jump suddenly and rapidly

talon (爪) [名] the claw of a bird of prey

そして女主人が、この動物が飛びかかって爪で私を捕まえるかもしれないと恐れて、しっかりと抱きかかえていたにもかかわらずだ。

But it happened there was no danger, for the cat took not the least notice of me when my master placed me within three yards of her.

take notice (気にする) [動] become aware of

least (全く) [副] to the smallest extent or degree

しかし、危険は何もなかった。主人が私を猫から3ヤード以内に置いても、猫は私を全く気にしなかった。

And as I have been always told, and found true by experience in my travels, that flying, or discovering fear, before a fierce animal is a certain way to make it pursue or attack you;

as I have been always told (いつも言われているように) [句] as people have always told me

find true (真実だとわかる) [動] discover to be true

flying (逃げる) [動] move through the air with wings

discovering (見せる) [動] find out or notice

fierce (恐ろしい) [形] violent or aggressive; ferocious

certain (確実な) [形] having or showing no doubt

いつも言われているように、また私の旅の経験から真実だとわかったことだが、恐ろしい動物の前で逃げたり、恐怖を見せたりすることは、その動物に追いかけられたたり、攻撃されたりする確実な方法である。

so I resolved, in this dangerous juncture, to show no manner of concern.

juncture (状況) [名] a point of time when something happens

だから私はこの危険な状況で、心配する様子を一切見せないと決心した。

I walked with intrepidity five or six times before the very head of the cat, and came within half a yard of her;

intrepidity (勇敢に) [名] fearless courage

five or six (5、6回) [名] an integer

half a yard (半ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 36 inches

私は猫の頭のすぐ前を5、6回勇敢に歩き、猫から半ヤード以内に近づいた。

whereupon she drew herself back, as if she were more afraid of me.

draw oneself back (後ろに下がる) [動] move backwards

afraid (恐れている) [形] scared or frightened

すると猫は私をもっと恐れているかのように、後ろに下がった。

I had less apprehension concerning the dogs, whereof three or four came into the room, as it is usual in farmers’ houses;

dog (犬) [名] a domesticated carnivorous mammal that typically has a long snout, an acute sense of smell, and a barking, howling, or whining voice

three or four (三、四匹) [名] the number 3 or 4

犬についてはそれほど心配していなかったが、農家の家ではよくあることだが、三、四匹が部屋に入ってきた。

one of which was a mastiff equal in bulk to four elephants, and a grey-hound somewhat taller than the mastiff, but not so large.

one of which (そのうちの一匹) [名] one of the things just mentioned

mastiff (マスチフ) [名] a large, powerful dog with a short coat

equal (等しい) [形] the same in number, amount, or value

elephant (象) [名] a large mammal with a long trunk and large ears

grey-hound (グレイハウンド) [名] a tall, thin dog with a long head and neck

そのうちの一匹は、体の大きさが象四頭分もあるマスチフで、もう一匹はマスチフより少し背が高いが、それほど大きくはないグレイハウンドだった。

When dinner was almost done, the nurse came in with a child of a year old in her arms, who immediately spied me, and began a squall that you might have heard from London Bridge to Chelsea, after the usual oratory of infants, to get me for a plaything.

nurse (乳母) [名] a person who cares for the sick or infirm

London Bridge (ロンドン橋) [名] a bridge in London

Chelsea (チェルシー) [名] a district in west London

usual (特有の) [形] in accordance with or constituting a norm or standard

oratory (雄弁) [名] the art of speaking eloquently

get (しようと) [動] come to have or hold

plaything (玩具) [名] a thing to play with

食事がほとんど終わると、乳母が1歳の子供を抱いて入ってきて、その子はすぐに私を見つけ、私を玩具にしようと、幼児特有の雄弁な言葉を並べた後、ロンドン橋からチェルシーまで聞こえそうな大声で泣き始めた。

The mother, out of pure indulgence, took me up, and put me towards the child, who presently seized me by the middle, and got my head in his mouth, where I roared so loud that the urchin was frighted, and let me drop;

indulgence (甘やかし) [名] the act of indulging

take up (抱き上げる) [動] to lift or raise

put (差し出す) [動] to place or set

get (入れる) [動] to cause to be in a specified state

urchin (子供) [名] a mischievous young child

drop (落とす) [動] to let or cause to fall

母親は、甘やかしから私を抱き上げ、子供の方へ差し出したが、子供はすぐに私の真ん中をつかみ、私の頭を口に入れたので、私は大声でわめき、子供はびっくりして私を落としてしまった。

and I should infallibly have broke my neck, if the mother had not held her apron under me.

apron (エプロン) [名] a garment worn over the front of one's clothes to protect them from getting dirty

under (下に) [前] below or beneath

母親がエプロンを私の下に敷いてくれなかったら、間違いなく首の骨を折っていただろう。

The nurse, to quiet her babe, made use of a rattle, which was a kind of hollow vessel filled with great stones, and fastened by a cable to the child’s waist;

quiet (静める) [動] make or become silent or less noisy

babe (赤ん坊) [名] a very young child

rattle (ガラガラ) [名] a toy or other object that makes a rattling noise

fill (詰める) [動] to put as much as possible into something

乳母は、赤ん坊を静めるために、大きな石を詰めた中空の容器のようなガラガラを使い、それをケーブルで子供の腰に固定した。

but all in vain, so that she was forced to apply the last remedy by giving it suck.

in vain (無駄に) [副] to no purpose; without success

suck (乳を与える) [動] draw into the mouth by creating a partial vacuum

しかし、すべてが無駄に終わり、乳母は最後の手段として乳を与えざるを得なくなった。

I must confess no object ever disgusted me so much as the sight of her monstrous breast, which I cannot tell what to compare with, so as to give the curious reader an idea of its bulk, shape, and color.

disgust (嫌悪させる) [動] cause to feel disgust

monstrous (怪物のような) [形] extremely and shockingly bad or evil

breast (乳房) [名] either of the two soft, protruding organs on the upper front of a woman's body that produce milk after a baby is born

compare (比べる) [動] estimate, measure, or note the similarity or dissimilarity between

白状するが、彼女の怪物のような乳房ほど私を嫌悪させたものはない。その大きさ、形、色を好奇心旺盛な読者に伝えるために、何と比べたらいいのかわからない。

I had a near sight of her, she sitting down the more conveniently to give suck, and I standing on the table.

have a near sight of (間近に見る) [動] see something close up

give suck (乳を与える) [動] feed a baby or young child from the breast

stand on (上に立つ) [動] be in or move into an upright position on the top of

私は彼女を間近に見ていたが、彼女は乳を与えるのに都合のいいように座り、私はテーブルの上に立っていた。

This made me reflect upon the fair skins of our English ladies, who appear so beautiful to us only because they are of our own size, and their defects not to be seen but through a magnifying glass;

fair skin (色白の肌) [名] a light-colored skin

English lady (イギリスの女性) [名] a woman from England

beautiful (美しい) [形] pleasing to the senses or the mind

only because (~だから) [接] for the sole reason that

own size (同じ大きさ) [名] the size of something that belongs to oneself

magnifying glass (拡大鏡) [名] a lens or combination of lenses that makes an object appear larger than it really is

これを見た私は、イギリスの女性たちの色白の肌を思い出した。彼女たちが美しく見えるのは、私たちと同じ大きさで、欠陥が拡大鏡でしか見えないからだ。

where we find by experiment that the smoothest and whitest skins look rough and coarse, and ill colored.

experiment (実験) [名] a scientific test to determine the validity of a hypothesis

skin (肌) [名] the outer layer of the body of a person or animal

rough (粗い) [形] having a texture that has many small projections

coarse (ざらざら) [形] having a rough texture

ill (悪い) [形] not in good health; sick

colored (色) [形] having a color or colors

実験によると、最も滑らかで白い肌でも、粗く、ざらざらして、色が悪く見える。

I remember when I was at Lilliput, the complexions of those diminutive people appeared to me the fairest in the world;

complexion (肌の色) [名] the color or tone of a person's skin

fairest (一番美しい) [形] most beautiful

私がリリパットに行った時、あの小人の肌の色が世界で一番美しく見えたのを覚えている。

and talking upon this subject with a person of learning there, who was an intimate friend of mine, he said that my face appeared much fairer and smoother when he looked on me from the ground, than it did upon a nearer view when I took him up in my hand and brought him close, which he confessed was at first a very shocking sight.

subject (話題) [名] the topic of a conversation or discussion

intimate (親友) [形] very close or personal

fair (白い) [形] light in color

view (眺め) [名] the ability to see something or the area that can be seen

shocking (衝撃的な) [形] causing shock

この話題について、私の親友であるリリパットの学者と話していた時、彼は地面から私を見上げた時の方が、私が彼を手に取って近づけた時よりも、私の顔がずっと白く滑らかに見えたと言っていた。

He said he could discover great holes in my skin;

彼は私の肌に大きな穴を見つけたと言っていた。

that the stumps of my beard were ten times stronger than the bristles of a boar, and my complexion made up of several colors, altogether disagreeable.

stump (切り株) [名] the remaining part of a tree that has been cut down

ten times (10倍) [副] tenfold

bristle (毛) [名] a short, stiff hair

boar (イノシシ) [名] a wild pig

make up (構成する) [動] form or constitute

altogether (全く) [副] completely; totally

disagreeable (不快な) [形] unpleasant

私の髭の切り株はイノシシの毛の10倍も強く、私の肌の色はいくつかの色で構成されていて、全く不快だった。

Although I must beg leave to say for myself, that I am as fair as most of my sex and country, and very little sunburned by all my travels.

beg leave (許しを請う) [動] ask for permission to do something

say for oneself (自分で言う) [動] speak on one's own behalf

sunburn (日焼け) [名] damage to the skin caused by exposure to the sun

私自身は、自分の性別や国籍のほとんどの人と同じくらい色白で、旅先で日焼けすることはほとんどなかったのだが。

On the other side, discoursing of the ladies in that emperor’s court, he used to tell me one had freckles, another too wide a mouth, a third too large a nose;

on the other side (一方で) [副] on the other hand

discourse (話す) [動] talk or write about a subject at length

freckle (そばかす) [名] a small light brown spot on the skin

一方で、皇帝の宮廷にいる女性たちのことを話す時、彼は私に、一人はそばかすがあり、もう一人は口が広すぎ、三人目は鼻が大きすぎると言っていた。

nothing of which I was able to distinguish.

私には何も区別できなかった。

I confess this reflection was obvious enough;

reflection (考え) [名] a thought or opinion resulting from careful consideration

obvious (明らか) [形] easily perceived or understood; clear

確かにこの考えは十分に明らかだった。

which, however, I could not forbear, lest the reader might think those vast creatures were actually deformed: for I must do them the justice to say they are a comely race of people;

lest (ないように) [接] for fear that

vast (巨大な) [形] of very great extent or quantity

actually (実際に) [副] in fact

deformed (奇形) [形] misshapen

comely (美しい) [形] pleasant to look at

しかし、読者がこの巨大な生き物が実際に奇形だと考えないように、私は我慢できなかった。彼らは美しい種族だと言わなければならない。

and particularly the features of my master’s countenance, although he were but a farmer, when I beheld him from the height of sixty feet, appeared very well proportioned.

particularly (特に) [副] to a higher degree than is usual or average

特に私の主人の顔の特徴は、彼は農夫にすぎなかったが、私が彼を60フィートの高さから見たとき、とても均整がとれているように見えた。

When dinner was done, my master went out to his laborers, and as I could discover by his voice and gesture, gave his wife a strict charge to take care of me.

be done (終わる) [動] be finished

go out (出て行く) [動] leave a place

take care of (世話をする) [動] be responsible for; look after

食事が終わると、主人は労働者のところへ出て行き、声と身振りでわかるように、妻に私の世話をするよう厳しく言いつけた。

I was very much tired and disposed to sleep, which my mistress perceiving, she put me on her own bed, and covered me with a clean white handkerchief, but larger and coarser than the mainsail of a man of war.

dispose (眠りそう) [動] make willing or ready

put (寝かせる) [動] move or cause to move into a specified position

cover (かける) [動] put something over or on top of

clean (きれいな) [形] free from dirt, marks, or stains

私はとても疲れていて眠りそうだったので、女主人は私を自分のベッドに寝かせ、きれいな白いハンカチをかけてくれたが、それは軍艦のメインセイルよりも大きくて粗かった。

I slept about two hours, and dreamed I was at home with my wife and children, which aggravated my sorrows when I awaked and found myself alone in a vast room, between two and three hundred feet wide, and above two hundred high, lying in a bed twenty yards wide.

dream (夢を見る) [動] have a series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person's mind during sleep

sorrow (悲しみ) [名] a feeling of deep distress caused by loss, disappointment, or other misfortune suffered by oneself or others

alone (一人ぼっちで) [形] having no one else present

私は二時間ほど眠り、妻や子供たちと家にいる夢を見たが、目が覚めて、幅二、三百フィート、高さ二百フィート以上の広い部屋に一人ぼっちで、幅二十ヤードのベッドに横たわっているのに気づき、悲しみが募った。

My mistress was gone about her household affairs, and had locked me in.

go about (出かける) [動] to be busy with or occupied with

affair (事) [名] a matter or concern

lock in (閉じ込める) [動] to confine or enclose

女主人は家事に出かけ、私を閉じ込めていた。

The bed was eight yards from the floor.

eight (8) [数] the number 8

ベッドは床から8ヤードのところにあった。

While I was under these circumstances, two rats crept up the curtains, and ran smelling backwards and forwards on the bed.

under these circumstances (このような状況にある) [名] in this situation

creep up (這い上がる) [動] move slowly and stealthily

curtain (カーテン) [名] a piece of material suspended at the top of a window or other opening

smell (匂いを嗅ぐ) [動] perceive or detect the odor of

私がこのような状況にある間に、二匹のネズミがカーテンを這い上がり、ベッドの上を前後に走り回って匂いを嗅いでいた。

One of them came up almost to my face, whereupon I rose in a fright, and drew out my hanger to defend myself.

rise (起きる) [動] get up from lying, sitting, or kneeling

hanger (ハンガー) [名] a curved piece of wood, metal, or plastic with a hook at each end, from which clothes may be hung

そのうちの一匹が私の顔のすぐ近くまで来たので、私はびっくりして起き上がり、身を守るためにハンガーを引き抜いた。

These horrible animals had the boldness to attack me on both sides, and one of them held his forefeet at my collar;

horrible (恐ろしい) [形] causing or likely to cause horror; shocking

boldness (大胆さ) [名] the trait of being willing to do things that are new, dangerous, or exciting

both sides (両側) [名] the two parts on either side of a central dividing line

forefeet (前足) [名] the front feet of a quadruped

この恐ろしい動物たちは大胆にも両側から私を襲い、そのうちの一匹は前足で私の襟首をつかんだ。

but I had the good fortune to rip up his belly before he could do me any mischief.

rip up (切り裂く) [動] tear or cut something violently

do any mischief (怪我をする) [動] cause damage or harm

しかし、幸運にも私が怪我をする前にその腹を切り裂くことができた。

He fell down at my feet, and the other, seeing the fate of his comrade, made his escape, but not without one good wound on the back, which I gave him as he fled, and made the blood run trickling from him.

fate (運命) [名] the development of events beyond a person's control, regarded as determined by a supernatural power

make (逃げ出す) [動] cause to happen or exist

escape (逃げ出す) [動] get free from a place or situation

not without (一撃を食らわせる) [動] not lacking or without

wound (傷) [名] physical injury or harm that is done or sustained

trickle (流れ出る) [動] flow or cause to flow in drops or a small stream

そいつは私の足元に倒れ、もう一匹は仲間の運命を見て逃げ出したが、逃げる際に背中に一撃を食らわせたので、血が流れ出ていた。

After this exploit I walked gently to and fro on the bed, to recover my breath and loss of spirits.

exploit (偉業) [名] a notable or heroic act or deed

to and fro (歩き回る) [副] back and forth

breath (息) [名] the air taken into or expelled from the lungs

spirit (気力) [名] the nonphysical part of a person that is the seat of emotions and character; the soul

この偉業の後、私は息を整え、失った気力を取り戻すために、ベッドの上をゆっくりと歩き回った。

These creatures were of the size of a large mastiff, but infinitely more nimble and fierce;

infinitely (はるかに) [副] to an unlimited degree or extent

nimble (機敏な) [形] quick and light in movement or action

fierce (獰猛な) [形] violent or ferocious in temper or action

これらの生き物は大きなマスチフほどの大きさだったが、はるかに機敏で獰猛だった。

so that if I had taken off my belt before I went to sleep, I must have infallibly been torn to pieces and devoured.

belt (ベルト) [名] a strip of leather or cloth worn around the waist

go to sleep (寝る) [動] go to bed

tear to pieces (引き裂く) [動] rip something apart

devour (食べる) [動] eat something greedily

だから、もし寝る前にベルトを外していたら、間違いなく引き裂かれて食べられてしまっただろう。

I measured the tail of the dead rat, and found it to be two yards long, wanting an inch;

tail (尻尾) [名] the posterior prolongation of the body of some animals

want (足りない) [動] be without or deficient in

私は死んだネズミの尻尾を測ってみると、一インチ足りない二ヤードだった。

but it went against my stomach to drag the carcass off the bed, where it lay still bleeding.

go against (堪えない) [動] be opposed to

stomach (胃) [名] the organ in the body that receives food from the esophagus and begins digestion

drag (引きずり下ろす) [動] pull or move with difficulty or effort

bleed (血を流す) [動] lose blood

しかし、まだ血を流している死骸をベッドから引きずり下ろすのは、私の胃に堪えなかった。

I observed it had yet some life, but with a strong slash across the neck I thoroughly dispatched it.

私はまだ少し命があることに気づいたが、首を強く切り裂いて完全に始末した。

Soon after, my mistress came into the room, who seeing me all bloody, ran and took me up in her hand.

come into (入ってくる) [動] enter

bloody (血まみれ) [形] covered with or containing blood

すぐに私の女主人が部屋に入ってきて、私が血まみれになっているのを見て、走ってきて私を手に取った。

I pointed to the dead rat, smiling and making other signs to show I was not hurt, whereat she was extremely rejoiced, calling the maid to take up the dead rat with a pair of tongs, and throw it out of the window.

smile (笑顔) [名] a pleased, kind, or amused expression, typically with the corners of the mouth turned up and the front teeth exposed

hurt (怪我) [名] physical injury or mental pain

pair (一対) [名] two items of the same type forming a set

tongs (トング) [名] a tool with two arms used for picking up and holding things

私は死んだネズミを指さし、笑顔で怪我をしていないことを示す他のしぐさをすると、彼女は非常に喜び、メイドを呼んでトングで死んだネズミを拾い上げ、窓から投げ捨てた。

Then she set me on a table, where I showed her my hanger all bloody, and wiping it on the lappet of my coat returned it to the scabbard.

hanger (剣) [名] a device with a hook at the top, from which something may be hung

wipe (拭く) [動] clean or dry by rubbing with a cloth or other soft material

それから彼女は私をテーブルに置き、そこで私は血まみれの剣を見せ、コートの襟で拭いて鞘に戻した。

I hope the gentle reader will excuse me for dwelling on particulars, which, however insignificant they may appear to groveling vulgar minds, yet will certainly help a philosopher to enlarge his thoughts and imagination, and apply them to the benefit of public as well as private life, which was my sole design in presenting this and other accounts of my travels to the world;

gentle reader (親切な読者) [名] a polite way of addressing the reader

excuse (許す) [動] to forgive someone for something

dwell on (くどくどと述べる) [動] to think or talk about something for a long time

insignificant (取るに足らぬ) [形] of minor importance

grovel (卑屈) [動] to behave in a very respectful or humble way

vulgar (下品) [形] lacking in good taste, manners, or refinement

enlarge (広げる) [動] to make or become bigger

apply (役立てる) [動] to make use of

benefit (役に立つ) [名] something that is helpful or useful

sole (唯一) [形] being the only one

present (述べる) [動] to give something to someone formally or officially

親切な読者諸君には、細かいことをくどくどと述べているのを許してもらえると思うが、卑屈で下品な心の持ち主には取るに足らぬことのように思われるかもしれないが、哲学者には自分の考えや想像力を広げ、それを公私にわたって役立てるのに役立つことは間違いない。

wherein I have been chiefly studious of truth, without affecting any ornaments of learning or of style.

studious (熱心な) [形] devoted to study or learning

truth (真理) [名] the body of real things, events, and facts

affect (影響する) [動] have an effect on; make a difference to

ornament (装飾) [名] something that decorates or embellishes

私が主に真理を研究してきたのは、学問や文体の装飾に影響されることなく、真理を追求してきたからである。

But the whole scene of this voyage made so strong an impression on my mind, and is so deeply fixed in my memory, that in committing it to paper I did not omit one material circumstance;

scene (光景) [名] the place where an event occurs

memory (記憶) [名] the ability to remember things

deeply (深く) [副] to a great extent

fix (刻み込む) [動] make or become firm, stable, or secure

omit (省略する) [動] leave out or exclude

material (重要な) [形] consisting of matter

しかし、この航海の全景は私の心に強い印象を与え、記憶に深く刻み込まれているので、それを紙に書き記すにあたって、私は一つの重要な状況も省略しなかった。

however, upon a strict review, I blotted out several passages of less moment which were in my first copy, for fear of being censured as tedious and trifling, whereof travelers are often, perhaps not without justice, accused.

upon (結果) [前] on; following

strict (厳密な) [形] in accordance with a rigid or severe standard

review (検討) [名] a formal assessment of something with the intention of instituting change if necessary

blot out (削除する) [動] to erase or eliminate something

passage (部分) [名] a section of a written work

less (あまり) [形] to a smaller extent; not so much

moment (重要) [名] importance or significance

tedious (退屈な) [形] too long, slow, or dull

trifling (些細な) [形] of little value or importance

しかし、厳密に検討した結果、退屈で些細なことだと非難されることを恐れて、最初の原稿にあったあまり重要でない部分をいくつか削除した。旅行者はしばしば、おそらく正当な理由もなく、非難される。

CHAPTER II

第二章

A DESCRIPTION OF THE FARMER’S DAUGHTER—THE AUTHOR CARRIED TO A MARKET TOWN, AND THEN TO THE METROPOLIS—THE PARTICULARS OF HIS JOURNEY.

market town (市場町) [名] a town where a market is held

農夫の娘の説明ー著者は市場町に運ばれ、それから首都に運ばれたー彼の旅の詳細。

My mistress had a daughter of nine years old, a child of forward parts for her age, very dexterous at her needle, and skillful in dressing her baby.

forward (ませた) [形] precocious

dexterous (器用な) [形] skillful in using the hands or body

baby (赤ん坊) [名] a very young child

私の女主人には九歳の娘がいた。年齢の割にませた子供で、針仕事がとても器用で、赤ん坊の着せ替えも上手だった。

Her mother and she contrived to fit up the baby’s cradle for me against night.

fit up (用意する) [動] to provide with something necessary or appropriate

cradle (ゆりかご) [名] a small bed for a baby, usually on rockers

彼女の母親と彼女は、夜に備えて私のために赤ん坊のゆりかごを用意してくれた。

The cradle was put into a small drawer of a cabinet, and the drawer placed upon a hanging shelf for fear of the rats.

drawer (引き出し) [名] a sliding container under a table or in a cupboard

cabinet (キャビネット) [名] a cupboard with shelves or drawers

ゆりかごはキャビネットの小さな引き出しに入れられ、引き出しはネズミを恐れて吊り棚の上に置かれた。

This was my bed all the time I stayed with those people, though made more convenient by degrees, as I began to learn their language and make my wants known.

all the time (ずっと) [副] continuously

degree (段階) [名] a step or stage in a process

make known (知らせる) [動] cause to be known or understood

これが私がこの人々と過ごした間の私のベッドだったが、彼らの言葉を学び、自分の欲求を知られるようになるにつれて、段々と便利になっていった。

This young girl was so handy, that after I had once or twice pulled off my clothes before her, she was able to dress and undress me, though I never gave her that trouble when she would let me do either myself.

handy (器用な) [形] good at working with your hands

undress (着替える) [動] take off clothes

この少女はとても器用で、私が彼女の前で一度か二度服を脱いだ後、彼女は私の着替えをすることができたが、私が自分で着替えられる時は彼女に迷惑をかけることはなかった。

She made me seven shirts, and some other linen, of as fine cloth as could be got, which indeed was coarser than sackcloth;

fine (良い) [形] of high quality

get (手に入れる) [動] come into possession of

彼女は私に七枚のシャツと、手に入る限りの良い布で他のリネン類を作ってくれたが、それは実際は粗布よりも粗かった。

and these she constantly washed for me with her own hands.

wash (洗う) [動] clean with water and usually soap

そして、彼女はいつも自分の手で洗ってくれた。

She was likewise my school-mistress, to teach me the language;

school-mistress (女教師) [名] a woman who teaches in a school

彼女はまた、私に言葉を教えてくれる女教師でもあった。

when I pointed to anything, she told me the name of it in her own tongue, so that in a few days I was able to call for whatever I had a mind to.

a few days (数日) [名] a small number of days

私が何かを指さすと、彼女はそれを自分の言葉で教えてくれたので、数日のうちに私は自分の思い通りに何でも呼べるようになった。

She was very good-natured, and not above forty feet high, being little for her age.

good-natured (気立ての良い) [形] having a pleasant and friendly disposition

彼女はとても気立てがよく、身長は40フィートを超えず、年齢の割には小さかった。

She gave me the name of Grildrig, which the family took up, and afterwards the whole kingdom.

take up (使う) [動] start doing or using something

彼女は私にグリルドリグという名を付け、家族がそれを使い、その後王国全体が使うようになった。

The word imports what the Latins call _nanunculus_, the Italians _homunceletino_, and the English _mannikin_.

Latins (ラテン語) [名] the language of ancient Rome

Italians (イタリア語) [名] the language of Italy

この言葉はラテン語で「ナヌンクルス」、イタリア語で「ホムンセレティーノ」、英語で「マニキン」と呼ばれるものを意味する。

To her I chiefly owe my preservation in that country;

preservation (生き延びる) [名] the act of keeping something in its original state

私がこの国で生き延びることができたのは、主に彼女のおかげである。

we never parted while I was there;

part (離れる) [動] move or cause to move away from each other

while (間) [名] a period of time

私がそこにいる間は、私たちは決して離れることはなかった。

I called her my Glumdalclitch, or little nurse;

Glumdalclitch (グルムダルクリッチ) [名] a name

私は彼女を私のグルムダルクリッチ、つまり小さな看護婦と呼んだ。

and I should be guilty of great ingratitude if I omitted this honorable mention of her care and affection towards me, which I heartily wish it lay in my power to requite as she deserves, instead of being the innocent but unhappy instrument of her disgrace, as I have too much reason to fear.

mention (言及) [名] a reference to something

care (気遣い) [名] the provision of what is necessary for the health, welfare, maintenance, and protection of someone or something

affection (愛情) [名] a feeling of liking and caring for someone or something

guilty (罪を犯す) [形] having committed a specified or implied offense

lay (できる) [動] be able to do something

requite (報いる) [動] make return for

deserve (相応しい) [動] be worthy of

unhappy (不幸な) [形] not happy

disgrace (不名誉) [名] loss of reputation or respect

彼女の私に対する気遣いと愛情をこのように名誉ある形で言及しなかったとしたら、私は大きな恩知らずの罪を犯すことになるだろう。彼女の不名誉の無実だが不幸な道具になるのではなく、彼女に相応しい報いを与えることが私の力でできることを心から願っている。

It now began to be known and talked of in the neighborhood, that my master had found a strange animal in the field, about the bigness of a _splacknuck_, but exactly shaped in every part like a human creature;

be known (知られる) [動] be familiar with

talk of (話題になる) [動] be the subject of conversation

neighborhood (近所) [名] the area around one's home

exactly (そっくり) [副] in a precise manner

私の主人が畑で奇妙な動物を見つけたということは、近所でも知られるようになり、話題になっていた。その動物はスプラックナックほどの大きさで、あらゆる部分が人間そっくりの形をしていた。

which it likewise imitated in all its actions;

imitate (似ている) [動] be like or similar to

行動もすべて人間に似ていた。

seemed to speak in a little language of its own, had already learned several words of theirs, went erect upon two legs, was tame and gentle, would come when it was called, do whatever it was bid, had the finest limbs in the world, and a complexion fairer than a nobleman’s daughter of three years old.

already (すでに) [副] before or by now or the time in question

go (歩く) [動] move at a regular and fairly rapid pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once

tame (飼いならされて) [形] (of an animal) not wild or dangerous

bid (命令される) [動] offer (a price) for something

finest (きれいな) [形] of high quality

fair (色白の) [形] (of a person) having light-colored skin

three (三歳) [形] one more than two

自分たちの言葉で話しているようで、すでに彼らの言葉をいくつか覚え、二本足で直立して歩き、飼いならされていて、呼ばれれば来たり、命令されたことは何でもしたり、世界で一番きれいな手足を持ち、三歳の貴族の娘よりも色白だった。

Another farmer, who lived hard by, and was a particular friend of my master, came on a visit on purpose to inquire into the truth of this story.

live hard by (近くに住む) [動] live near

particular friend (親友) [名] a very close friend

on purpose (わざわざ) [副] intentionally

inquire into (探る) [動] ask about

truth (真相) [名] the real facts about something

近くに住んでいて、私の主人の親友である別の農夫が、この話の真相を探るためにわざわざ訪ねてきた。

I was immediately produced and placed upon a table, where I walked as I was commanded, drew my hanger, put it up again, made my reverence to my master’s guest, asked him in his own language how he did, and told him he was welcome, just as my little nurse had instructed me.

put up (収める) [動] raise

make (表す) [動] show or express

reverence (敬意) [名] deep respect for someone or something

guest (客) [名] a person who is staying temporarily in someone's home or who is paying for and using the services of a hotel, restaurant, etc.

welcome (歓迎する) [動] greet or receive someone in a glad, cordial, or friendly way

私はすぐに連れ出され、テーブルの上に置かれた。そこで私は命令された通りに歩き、剣を抜き、また鞘に収め、主人の客に敬意を表し、彼の言葉で彼の調子を尋ね、私の小さな看護婦が教えてくれた通りに、彼を歓迎した。

This man, who was old and dim-sighted, put on his spectacles to behold me better;

dim-sighted (目がかすんでいる) [形] having poor eyesight

put on (かける) [動] to place on one's body

この男は年寄りで目がかすんでいたので、私をよく見ようと眼鏡をかけた。

at which I could not forbear laughing very heartily, for his eyes appeared like the full moon shining into a chamber at two windows.

full moon (満月) [名] the moon when it is fully illuminated

shine (照らす) [動] emit or reflect light

すると、彼の目が二つの窓から部屋を照らす満月のように見えたので、私は心から笑わずにはいられなかった。

Our people, who discovered the cause of my mirth, bore me company in laughing, at which the old fellow was fool enough to be angry and out of countenance.

mirth (笑い) [名] amusement, especially as expressed by laughter

company (仲間) [名] a commercial business

fellow (仲間) [名] a man or boy

fool (愚か) [名] a person who acts unwisely

enough (ほど) [副] to the required degree or extent

angry (怒り) [形] feeling or showing anger

out of (失う) [前] from inside to outside of

私の笑いの原因を悟った私たちの仲間は、私と一緒に笑い、その様子を見て、その老人は怒り、面目を失うほど愚かだった。

He had the character of a great miser;

have the character of (~の性格である) [動] have the qualities or features of

miser (けちん坊) [名] a person who hoards money and is reluctant to spend it

彼は大変なけちん坊で、

and, to my misfortune, he well deserved it by the cursed advice he gave my master to show me as a sight upon a market day in the next town, which was half an hour’s riding, about two-and-twenty miles from our house.

cursed (呪われた) [形] deserving a curse

market day (市場の日) [名] a day on which a market is held

next town (隣町) [名] the town next to the one you are in

riding (馬で) [名] the action of riding a horse

twenty-two miles (二十二マイル) [名] a unit of distance equal to 1.609344 kilometers

私の不幸なことに、彼は私の主人に、私を我が家から約二十二マイル、馬で半時間の距離にある隣町の市場の日に見せ物にしたらどうかという呪われた忠告をしたことで、その名に恥じぬことをした。

I guessed there was some mischief contriving, when I observed my master and his friend whispering long together, sometimes pointing at me;

mischief (悪巧み) [名] playful misbehavior or troublemaking

contrive (企む) [動] plan or devise (something) in a clever or skillful way

whisper (ひそひそと話す) [動] speak softly using one's breath without one's vocal chords

主人とその友人が長い時間ひそひそと話し合い、時々私を指さしているのを見て、何か悪巧みをしているのだと察した。

and my fears made me fancy that I overheard and understood some of their words.

fancy (気がする) [動] imagine or believe something without a good reason

overhear (盗み聞きする) [動] hear something by chance

そして、恐怖のあまり、二人の言葉を盗み聞きして理解したような気がした。

But the next morning Glumdalclitch, my little nurse, told me the whole matter, which she had cunningly picked out from her mother.

cunningly (巧みに) [副] in a clever or skillful way

pick out (聞き出す) [動] choose or select from a number of alternatives

しかし、翌朝、私の小さな看護婦のグルムダルクリッチが、母親から巧みに聞き出した事の一部始終を私に話してくれた。

The poor girl laid me on her bosom, and fell a-weeping with shame and grief.

poor (かわいそうな) [形] deserving of pity

bosom (胸) [名] the chest of a human being

fall (泣き出す) [動] begin to do something

shame (恥ずかしさ) [名] a painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behavior

かわいそうな娘は私を胸に抱き、恥ずかしさと悲しみで泣き出した。

She apprehended some mischief would happen to me from rude vulgar folks, who might squeeze me to death or break one of my limbs by taking me in their hands.

mischief (災難) [名] trouble or difficulty

happen (降りかかる) [動] to take place or occur

rude (無礼な) [形] lacking good manners or respect for others

folks (連中) [名] people in general

squeeze (押しつぶす) [動] to press or crush something firmly

彼女は、無礼で下品な連中が私を手に取って、押しつぶして殺したり、手足を折ったりして、何か災難が私に降りかかるのではないかと心配した。

She had also observed how modest I was in my nature, how nicely I regarded my honor, and what an indignity I should conceive it to be exposed for money as a public spectacle to the meanest of the people.

modest (謙虚な) [形] unassuming in the estimation of one's abilities or achievements

nicely (重んじる) [副] in a pleasant manner

regard (名誉) [動] think of or consider in a specified way

indignity (屈辱) [名] treatment or circumstances that cause a loss of self-respect

expose (さらされる) [動] make (something) visible, known, or vulnerable

meanest (下品な) [形] unkind, spiteful, or malicious

彼女はまた、私がいかに謙虚で、名誉を重んじ、金のために下品な連中の見世物にされることをどれほど屈辱と考えるかを知っていた。

She said, her papa and mamma had promised that Grildrig should be hers;

papa (パパ) [名] father

mamma (ママ) [名] mother

Grildrig (グリルドリッグ) [名] the name of the main character in the story

be (なる) [動] exist or occur in a specified state or condition

彼女は、パパとママがグリルドリッグは自分のものだと言っていたと言い、

but now she found they meant to serve her as they did last year, when they pretended to give her a lamb, and yet, as soon as it was fat, sold it to a butcher.

last year (去年) [名] the year before the present year

pretend (言う) [動] to claim or represent falsely

butcher (肉屋) [名] a person who prepares and sells meat

でも、去年子羊をくれると言って、太ったらすぐに肉屋に売ってしまった時のように、今年も同じことをしようとしていることが分かった。

For my own part, I may truly affirm that I was less concerned than my nurse.

truly (本当に) [副] in a true manner

concerned (心配する) [形] worried or anxious about something

私自身のことで言えば、私は乳母ほど心配していなかったと断言できる。

I had a strong hope which never left me, that I should one day recover my liberty;

have a strong hope (強い希望を持ち続ける) [動] to have a strong desire for something to happen

never leave (持ち続ける) [動] to continue to have or do something

one day (いつか) [副] at some time in the future

私はいつか自由を取り戻せるという強い希望を持ち続け、

and as to the ignominy of being carried about for a monster, I considered myself to be a perfect stranger in the country, and that such a misfortune could never be charged upon me as a reproach if ever I should return to England;

ignominy (屈辱) [名] public disgrace or shame

be carried about (連れ回される) [動] be taken from one place to another

perfect (まったくの) [形] complete; absolute

stranger (異邦人) [名] a person who is not from a particular place

such (このような) [形] of the type or kind described

be charged upon (非難される) [動] be accused of

reproach (非難) [名] a rebuke or criticism

怪物として連れ回されるという屈辱については、私はこの国ではまったくの異邦人であり、もしイギリスに帰れたとしても、このような不幸が私の非難されることにはならないと考えていた。

since the king of Great Britain himself, in my condition, must have undergone the same distress.

Great Britain (イギリス) [名] an island in the North Atlantic off the north coast of continental Europe

king (国王) [名] the male ruler of a country

must (に違いない) [助] be obliged to; be compelled to

イギリス国王自身でさえ、私の立場なら同じ苦難を経験したに違いないからだ。

My master, pursuant to the advice of his friend, carried me in a box the next market day to the neighboring town, and took along with him his little daughter, my nurse, upon a pillion behind him.

box (箱) [名] a container with a flat base and sides, typically having a lid

neighboring town (隣町) [名] a town near another town

take along (連れて行く) [動] take with oneself

little daughter (幼い娘) [名] a young female child

主人は友人の忠告に従って、次の市場の日に私を箱に入れて隣町に連れて行き、私の乳母である幼い娘を後ろに乗せて連れて行った。

The box was close on every side, with a little door for me to go in and out, and a few gimlet holes to let in air.

close (閉ざされる) [動] move so as to cover an opening

let in (取り込む) [動] allow to enter

箱は四方を閉ざされ、私が出入りするための小さな扉と、空気を取り込むための錐穴がいくつか開いていた。

The girl had been so careful as to put the quilt of her baby’s bed into it for me to lie down on.

careful (気配りがある) [形] taking care to avoid harm or damage

娘は私が横になれるように、赤ん坊のベッドのキルトを箱の中に入れてくれるほど気配りがあった。

However, I was terribly shaken and discomposed in this journey, though it were but of half an hour;

terribly (ひどく) [副] to a very great degree

しかし、この旅はたった三十分だったが、私はひどく揺さぶられ、混乱した。

for the horse went about forty feet at every step, and trotted so high, that the agitation was equal to the rising and falling of a ship in a great storm, but much more frequent.

trot (速歩) [動] run at a speed between a walk and a run

agitation (揺れ) [名] the action of shaking or being shaken

fall (下降) [動] go down

frequent (頻繁) [形] happening or done often

というのも、馬は一歩ごとに約四十フィート進み、とても高く速歩するので、その揺れは大嵐の中の船の上下動に等しかったが、もっと頻繁だった。

Our journey was somewhat further than from London to St. Albans.

St. Albans (セント・オールバンズ) [名] a city in Hertfordshire, England

私たちの旅はロンドンからセント・オールバンズまでより少し遠かった。

My master alighted at an inn which he used to frequent;

inn (宿) [名] a place where travelers can stay temporarily

主人はよく行く宿に降り立った。

and after consulting awhile with the innkeeper, and making some necessary preparations, he hired the _grultrud_, or crier, to give notice through the town of a strange creature to be seen at the sign of the Green Eagle, not so big as a _splacknuck_ (an animal in that country very finely shaped, about six feet long), and in every part of the body resembling a human creature, could speak several words, and perform a hundred diverting tricks.

innkeeper (宿屋の主人) [名] a person who runs an inn

preparation (準備) [名] the action or process of making ready or being made ready for use or consideration

hire (雇う) [動] employ for wages

grultrud (グルトルド) [名] a town crier

crier (呼び込み) [名] a person who shouts out announcements in public

give notice (告知する) [動] inform or notify

sign (看板) [名] a board with words on it giving information or instructions

Green Eagle (グリーンイーグル) [名] a name

so big (それほど大きくない) [形] of a large or relatively large size or extent

splacknuck (スプラックナック) [名] a name

finely (きれいに) [副] in a delicate or exquisite way

long (長さ) [名] the measurement of the extent of something from end to end

every part (あらゆる部分) [名] all of the parts of something

diverting (面白い) [形] providing entertainment or amusement

trick (芸当) [名] a skillful act performed for entertainment

そして、宿屋の主人しばらく相談し、必要な準備を整えた後、彼は町中にグリーンイーグルの看板に奇妙な生き物がいると告知するために、グルトルド、つまり呼び込みを雇い、その生き物はスプラックナック(その国にいるとてもきれいな形をした、長さ約六フィートの動物)ほど大きくなく、体のあらゆる部分が人間に似ていて、いくつかの言葉を話すことができ、百もの面白い芸当ができると告知させた。

I was placed upon a table in the largest room of the inn, which might be near three hundred feet square.

be placed (置かれる) [動] be put in a particular position

私は宿屋の一番大きな部屋のテーブルの上に置かれたが、その部屋は三百平方フィート近くあった。

My little nurse stood on a low stool close to the table, to take care of me, and direct what I should do.

what (何) [代] that which; the thing that

私の小さな看護師は私の世話をし、私が何をすべきか指示するために、テーブルの近くの低い腰掛けに立った。

My master, to avoid a crowd, would suffer only thirty people at a time to see me.

crowd (混雑) [名] a large number of people gathered together

主人は混雑を避けるために、一度に三十人しか私を見ることができないようにした。

I walked about on the table as the girl commanded;

walk about (歩き回る) [動] walk around

私は少女の命令通りにテーブルの上を歩き回った。

she asked me questions as far as she knew my understanding of the language reached, and I answered them as loud as I could.

as far as (及ぶ限り) [接] to the extent or degree that

as loud as (できるだけ大きな) [副] to the greatest extent or degree possible

彼女は私の言語理解度が及ぶ限りの質問をしてくれ、私はできるだけ大きな声で答えた。

I turned about several times to the company, paid my humble respects, said they were welcome, and used some other speeches I had been taught.

turn about (振り向く) [動] change direction

pay respect (敬意を表する) [動] show respect

私は何度か一座の方を向いて、謙虚な敬意を表し、歓迎の言葉を述べ、教えられた他のスピーチもいくつか行った。

I took up a thimble filled with liquor, which Glumdalclitch had given me for a cup, and drank their health.

thimble (指ぬき) [名] a small metal or plastic cap with a pitted end, worn on the finger to protect it when sewing

give (くれる) [動] to transfer something to someone

私はグルムダルクリッチがコップ代わりにくれた酒を注いだ指ぬきを手に取って、彼らの健康を祝して飲んだ。

I drew out my hanger, and flourished with it after the manner of fencers in England.

flourish (振り回す) [動] wave or swing something around

私は剣を抜き、イギリスの剣士の流儀で剣を振り回した。

My nurse gave me part of a straw, which I exercised as a pike, having learned the art in my youth.

私の乳母は私に麦わらの一部をくれたので、私は若い頃にその技術を学んだので、それを槍として練習した。

I was that day shown to twelve sets of company, and as often forced to go over again with the same fopperies, till I was half dead with weariness and vexation;

that day (その日) [名] the day in question

be shown to (披露される) [動] be presented to

company (客) [名] a guest or guests

go over (繰り返す) [動] do or say again

foppery (馬鹿げたこと) [名] foolish behavior

weariness (疲労) [名] the state of being very tired

vexation (困惑) [名] the state of being annoyed or frustrated

その日私は十二組の客に披露され、その度に同じ馬鹿げたことを繰り返させられたので、疲労と困惑で半死半生になった。

for those who had seen me made such wonderful reports, that the people were ready to break down the doors to come in.

those (人々) [名] the people

such (あまりに) [副] to a very great extent

wonderful (素晴らしい) [形] extremely good; marvelous

report (報告) [名] a statement of the results of an investigation or of any matter on which definite information is required

break down (壊す) [動] cause to fall apart or collapse

私を見た人々があまりに素晴らしい報告をしたので、人々はドアを壊してでも入ってくる勢いだった。

My master, for his own interest, would not suffer any one to touch me except my nurse;

my master (私の主人) [名] the person who owns me

for his own interest (自分の利益のために) [名] for the sake of his own benefit

would not suffer (させなかった) [動] would not allow

any one (誰も) [名] any person

to touch (触れる) [動] to come into or be in contact with

me (私) [代] the person who is speaking

my nurse (私の乳母) [名] the person who takes care of me

私の主人は、自分の利益のために、私の乳母以外は誰も私に触れさせなかった。

and to prevent danger, benches were set round the table at such a distance as to put me out of everybody’s reach.

そして危険を防ぐために、誰も私に手が届かないように、テーブルの周りにベンチが置かれた。

However, an unlucky schoolboy aimed a hazelnut directly at my head, which very narrowly missed me;

unlucky (運の悪い) [形] having or marked by bad luck

schoolboy (学生) [名] a boy who attends school

aim (投げつける) [動] direct (something) at a target

miss (当たるところだった) [動] fail to hit, reach, or come into contact with

しかし、運の悪い学生が私の頭にヘーゼルナッツを直接投げつけ、危うく当たるところだった。

otherwise it came with so much violence that it would have infallibly knocked out my brains, for it was almost as large as a small pumpkin;

so much (とても) [副] to a great extent

violence (激しく) [名] the use of physical force so as to injure, abuse, damage, or kill

knock out (打ち抜く) [動] to hit someone or something so hard that they fall down or are destroyed

brain (脳みそ) [名] the organ of the body that controls thought, memory, and feeling

pumpkin (カボチャ) [名] a large, round, orange-yellow fruit with a thick skin and a lot of seeds

そうでなければ、それはとても激しく飛んできたので、間違いなく私の脳みそを打ち抜いていただろう。なぜなら、それは小さなカボチャと同じくらい大きかったからだ。

but I had the satisfaction to see the young rogue well beaten, and turned out of the room.

rogue (悪党) [名] a dishonest or unprincipled man

beaten (殴られる) [動] strike or hit repeatedly

turn out (追い出される) [動] expel or eject

しかし、私はその若い悪党がよく殴られ、部屋から追い出されるのを見たことで満足した。

My master gave public notice that he would show me again the next market day;

give public notice (公に告知する) [動] to make a public announcement

私の主人は、次の市場の日にまた私を見せると公に告知した。

and in the meantime he prepared a more convenient vehicle for me, which he had reason enough to do;

そしてその間に、彼は私のためにもっと便利な乗り物を用意した。

for I was so tired with my first journey, and with entertaining company for eight hours together, that I could hardly stand upon my legs, or speak a word.

hardly (ほとんど~できない) [副] almost not

というのも、私は最初の旅と、8時間も一緒にいた連中との接待でとても疲れていたので、ほとんど足で立っていることも、一言も話すこともできなかったからだ。

It was at least three days before I recovered my strength;

recover (回復する) [動] return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength

私が体力を回復するまでには少なくとも三日かかった。

and that I might have no rest at home, all the neighboring gentlemen from a hundred miles round, hearing of my fame, came to see me at my master’s own house.

at home (家で) [副] in one's own house

no rest (休めない) [名] a state of relaxation and freedom from work or anxiety

hundred miles (百マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1,609.344 meters

neighboring (近隣の) [形] living or situated near

gentlemen (紳士たち) [名] a man of good breeding, education, and refinement

hearing (聞いた) [動] perceive with the ear the sound made by (someone or something)

fame (名声) [名] the state of being known or talked about by many people

come to see (会いに来た) [動] visit

そして、私が家で休めないように、私の名声を聞いた百マイル四方の近隣の紳士たちが、私の主人の家まで私に会いに来た。

There could not be fewer than thirty persons with their wives and children (for the country is very populous);

fewer than (以上) [形] a smaller number than

妻や子供連れの三十人以上はいただろう(この国は人口が非常に多い)。

and my master demanded the rate of a full room whenever he showed me at home, although it were only to a single family;

そして、私の主人は、私を家で見せる時には、たとえ一家族だけに見せる場合でも、満員の部屋の料金を要求した。

so that for some time I had but little ease every day of the week (except Wednesday, which is their Sabbath), although I were not carried to the town.

Wednesday (水曜日) [名] the fourth day of the week

Sabbath (安息日) [名] a day of rest and worship

そのため、しばらくの間、私は町に連れて行かれなかったにもかかわらず、週の毎日(彼らの安息日である水曜日を除く)ほとんど休むことができませんでした。

My master, finding how profitable I was like to be, resolved to carry me to the most considerable cities of the kingdom.

find (知る) [動] get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally

profitable (利益をもたらす) [形] yielding a financial gain

私の主人は、私がどれほど利益をもたらすかを知り、私を王国の最も重要な都市に連れて行くことを決意した。

Having therefore provided himself with all things necessary for a long journey, and settled his affairs at home, he took leave of his wife, and upon the 17th of August, 1703, about two months after my arrival, we set out for the metropolis, situated near the middle of that empire, and about three thousand miles’ distance from our house.

long journey (長旅) [名] a long trip

settle (片づける) [動] put in order

affair (仕事) [名] a matter of business or public concern

situated (位置する) [動] be located

そのため、長旅に必要なすべてのものを用意し、家での仕事も片づけた主人は、妻に別れを告げ、私が到着してから約2ヶ月後の1703年8月17日、私たちは帝国のほぼ中央に位置し、家から約3000マイル離れた首都に向けて出発した。

My master made his daughter Glumdalclitch ride behind him.

ride (乗る) [動] be carried or supported on

私の主人は娘のグルムダルクリッチを後ろに乗せた。

She carried me on her lap in a box tied about her waist.

carry (抱える) [動] take or support from one place to another

lap (膝) [名] the flat area between the waist and the knees of a seated person

彼女は腰に巻いた箱に私を入れて膝の上に抱えていました。

The girl had lined it on all sides with the softest cloth she could get, well quilted underneath, furnished it with her baby’s bed, provided me with linen and other necessaries, and made everything as convenient as she could.

line (覆う) [動] cover the inside of

furnish (用意する) [動] provide with furniture

necessary (必需品) [名] something that is needed

娘は手に入る限りの柔らかい布で四方を覆い、下にはキルトを敷き、赤ちゃん用のベッドを用意し、リネンやその他の必需品を用意し、できる限り便利にしてくれた。

We had no other company but a boy of the house, who rode after us with the luggage.

have no other (他にいない) [動] have no other

but (以外に) [接] except for; other than

after (後ろ) [前] later or following

luggage (荷物) [名] personal belongings that one carries with oneself when traveling

私たちには、荷物を持って後ろからついてくる家の少年以外に仲間はいなかった。

My master’s design was to show me in all the towns by the way, and to step out of the road, for fifty or a hundred miles, to any village or person of quality’s house where he might expect custom.

step out (道を外れる) [動] leave a place

私の主人の計画は、道中のすべての町で私を見せ、50マイルから100マイルも道を外れて、商売が期待できる村や上流階級の家に行くことだった。

We made easy journeys, of not above seven or eight score miles a day;

above (以上の) [前] higher than; more than

eight (八) [名] the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one

score (十) [名] the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one

私たちは、一日七、八十マイル以上の楽な旅をした。

for Glumdalclitch, on purpose to spare me, complained she was tired with the trotting of the horse.

complain (訴える) [動] express dissatisfaction or annoyance

グルムダルクリッチは私をいたわるために、馬の速歩に疲れたと訴えた。

She often took me out of my box at my own desire, to give me air, and show me the country, but always held me fast by a leading string.

hold (つかむ) [動] grasp something firmly in one's hand

fast (しっかり) [副] firmly or securely

leading string (手綱) [名] a string or strap used to lead an animal

彼女は私の希望で、私に空気を与え、田舎を見せるために、よく箱から出してくれたが、いつも手綱で私をしっかりつかんでいた。

We passed over five or six rivers many degrees broader and deeper than the Nile or the Ganges; and there was hardly a rivulet so small as the Thames at London Bridge.

pass over (渡る) [動] go across or over

Nile (ナイル川) [名] a river in northeastern Africa

Ganges (ガンジス川) [名] a river in northern India

Thames (テムズ川) [名] a river in southern England

私たちはナイル川やガンジス川よりもはるかに広く深い五、六本の川を渡ったが、ロンドン橋のテムズ川ほど小さな川はほとんどなかった。

We were ten weeks in our journey, and I was shown in eighteen large towns, besides many villages and private families.

ten weeks (十週間) [名] a period of seven days

私たちは十週間の旅で、私は多くの村や個人宅のほか、十八の大きな町で展示された。

On the 26th day of October we arrived at the metropolis, called in their language Lorbrulgrud, or Pride of the Universe.

on the 26th day of October (十月二十六日) [名] the 26th day of the month of October

Lorbrulgrud (ロブルグルード) [名] the capital city of the land of Brobdingnag in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

Pride of the Universe (宇宙の誇り) [名] the name of the capital city of the land of Brobdingnag in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

十月二十六日、私たちは彼らの言葉でロブルグルード、つまり宇宙の誇りと呼ばれる首都に到着した。

My master took a lodging in the principal street of the city, not far from the royal palace, and put out bills in the usual form, containing an exact description of my person and parts.

take a lodging (宿をとる) [動] stay somewhere temporarily

principal street (主要な通り) [名] the most important street

not far from (遠くない) [副] a short distance from

royal palace (王宮) [名] the official residence of a king or queen

put out (配る) [動] distribute

bill (ビラ) [名] a printed advertisement

usual form (いつもの形式) [名] the usual way of doing something

exact description (正確な記述) [名] a description that is accurate

person (容姿) [名] the body of a human being

主人は王宮から遠くない街の主要な通りに宿をとり、私の容姿や身体の部分を正確に記述したビラをいつもの形式で配った。

He hired a large room between three and four hundred feet wide.

hire (借りる) [動] pay money for the temporary use of

彼は幅三百から四百フィートの大きな部屋を借りた。

He provided a table sixty feet in diameter, upon which I was to act my part, and palisadoed round three feet from the edge, and as many high, to prevent my falling over.

part (役) [名] a character in a play, movie, or television show

over (越える) [前] above or across the top of

彼は直径六十フィートのテーブルを用意し、その上で私が演技をすることになっていて、私が落ちないように端から三フィート離れたところに柵を張り巡らせていた。

I was shown ten times a day, to the wonder and satisfaction of all people.

be shown (出演する) [動] be presented to the public

ten times (十回) [名] ten occurrences

私は一日に十回も出演し、人々を驚かせ満足させた。

I could now speak the language tolerably well, and perfectly understood every word that was spoken to me.

tolerably (かなり) [副] to a moderate degree

well (上手に) [副] in a good manner

私は今やこの言葉をかなり上手に話せるようになり、話しかけられる言葉はすべて完全に理解できるようになった。

Besides, I had learned their alphabet, and could make a shift to explain a sentence here and there;

alphabet (アルファベット) [名] a set of letters or other characters with which one or more languages are written especially if arranged in a customary order

その上、私は彼らのアルファベットを学び、あちこちで文を説明する工夫をすることができた。

for Glumdalclitch had been my instructor while we were at home, and at leisure hours during our journey.

had been (務めてくれた) [動] to have been

instructor (教師) [名] a person who teaches

at leisure hours (暇な時間に) [名] time when one is not working

というのも、家にいる時や旅の間の暇な時間にグルムダルクリッチが私の教師を務めてくれたからだ。

She carried a little book in her pocket, not much larger than a Sanson’s Atlas; it was a common treatise for the use of young girls, giving a short account of their religion;

Sanson's Atlas (サンソンの地図帳) [名] a world atlas published by the French cartographer Nicolas Sanson in 1658

use (使う) [動] convert to one's own purpose or advantage

young girl (少女) [名] a young female human being

彼女はポケットにサンソンの地図帳よりあまり大きくない小さな本を入れていた。それは少女たちが使うための一般的な論文で、彼女たちの宗教について簡単に説明していた。

out of this she taught me my letters, and interpreted the words.

interpret (解釈する) [動] explain the meaning of (something)

彼女はこの本から私に文字を教え、言葉を解釈してくれた。

CHAPTER III

第三章

THE AUTHOR SENT FOR TO COURT—THE QUEEN BUYS HIM OF HIS MASTER, THE FARMER, AND PRESENTS HIM TO THE KING—HE DISPUTES WITH HIS MAJESTY’S GREAT SCHOLARS—AN APARTMENT AT COURT PROVIDED FOR THE AUTHOR—HE IS IN HIGH FAVOR WITH THE QUEEN—HE STANDS UP FOR THE HONOR OF HIS OWN COUNTRY—HIS QUARRELS WITH THE QUEEN’S DWARF.

send for (召し出す) [動] to ask someone to come to you

queen (女王) [名] the female ruler of an independent state

buy (買い取る) [動] to acquire by paying money

dispute (議論する) [動] to argue about something

provide (用意される) [動] to give someone something that they need

favor (気に入られる) [名] approval, support, or liking for someone or something

stand up (立ち上がる) [動] to rise to a standing position

quarrel (喧嘩する) [動] to argue or fight with someone

著者は宮廷に召し出されるー女王は彼を主人である農夫から買い取り、王に献上するー彼は陛下の偉大な学者たちと議論するー著者のために宮廷に部屋が用意されるー彼は女王に気に入られるー彼は祖国の名誉のために立ち上がるー女王の小人と喧嘩する。

The frequent labors I underwent every day made in a few weeks a very considerable change in my health.

frequent (頻繁な) [形] happening often or at short intervals

very considerable (かなりの) [形] very large or great

change (変化) [名] the act or instance of making or becoming different

毎日の頻繁な労働は、数週間で私の健康にかなりの変化をもたらした。

The more my master got by me, the more insatiable he grew.

get by (得る) [動] to manage to live or exist

insatiable (貪欲な) [形] extremely greedy

主人は私から得れば得るほど、ますます貪欲になっていった。

I had quite lost my stomach, and was almost reduced to a skeleton.

lose one's stomach (食欲を失う) [動] to lose one's appetite

skeleton (骸骨) [名] the bony framework of a vertebrate animal

私はすっかり食欲を失い、ほとんど骸骨のようになってしまっていた。

The farmer observed it, and concluding I must soon die, resolved to make as good a hand of me as he could.

as good a hand as (できるだけうまく) [名] as much as possible

make of (利用する) [動] use or exploit

農夫はそれに気づき、私がすぐに死んでしまうに違いないと結論して、私をできるだけうまく利用しようと決心した。

While he was thus reasoning and resolving with himself, a _slardral_, or gentleman usher, came from court, commanding my master to carry me immediately thither for the diversion of the queen and her ladies.

reason (推論する) [動] think, understand, and form judgments by a process of logic

usher (案内役) [名] a person who shows people to their seats in a theater, church, etc.

彼がそうやって自分の中で推論し、決意を固めている間に、スラドラル、つまり案内役の紳士が宮廷からやってきて、女王とその女官たちの気晴らしのために私をすぐに宮廷に連れてくるように主人に命じた。

Some of the latter had already been to see me, and reported strange things of my beauty, behavior, and good sense.

report (報告する) [動] give a spoken or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or investigated

behavior (振る舞い) [名] the way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially toward others

good sense (良識) [名] sound practical judgment that is independent of specialized knowledge, training, or the like

女官たちの何人かはすでに私に会いに来ていて、私の美しさ、振る舞い、良識について奇妙なことを報告していた。

Her majesty and those who attended her were beyond measure delighted with my demeanor.

Her majesty (女王陛下) [名] a title used to refer to a queen

beyond measure (この上なく) [副] to a very great degree

delighted (喜ぶ) [動] be very pleased

demeanor (態度) [名] the way that you behave

女王陛下とその側近たちは私の態度にこの上なく喜んでくれた。

I fell on my knees, and begged the honor of kissing her imperial foot;

kiss (接吻する) [動] touch or caress with the lips as a sign of love, affection, greeting, reverence, or as a sexual act

私はひざまずき、女王陛下の足に接吻する栄誉を乞うた。

but this gracious princess held out her little finger towards me (after I was set on a table) which I embraced in both my arms, and put the tip of it with the utmost respect to my lip.

hold out (差し出す) [動] stretch out or extend

embrace (抱きかかえる) [動] hold closely in one's arms

しかし、この優雅な女王は(私がテーブルに載せられた後)私に向かって小指を差し出したので、私はそれを両腕で抱きかかえ、その先端を最大限の敬意をもって唇に当てた。

She made me some general questions about my country and my travels, which I answered as distinctly and in as few words as I could.

女王は私の国や旅について一般的な質問をいくつかしたので、私はできるだけ簡潔に、はっきりと答えた。

She asked whether I would be content to live at court.

whether (かどうか) [接] if

be content (満足する) [動] be happy with

live (暮らす) [動] be alive; have life

女王は私が宮廷で暮らすことに満足するかどうか尋ねた。

I bowed down to the board of the table, and humbly answered that I was my master’s slave, but if I were at my own disposal, I should be proud to devote my life to her majesty’s service.

bow down (頭を下げる) [動] bend the head or body in a gesture of respect

board (板) [名] a thin, flat, rectangular piece of wood or other hard material, used as a surface to write or draw on, or as a base for building

slave (奴隷) [名] a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to work for them without pay

devote (捧げる) [動] give all of one's time or energy to a particular activity

私はテーブルの板に頭を下げて、自分は主人の奴隷だが、もし自由の身なら、陛下のお役に立てることを誇りに思うと、謙虚に答えた。

She then asked my master whether he were willing to sell me at a good price.

price (値段) [名] the amount of money expected, required, or given in payment for something

女王は私の主人に、私を高値で売る気があるかどうか尋ねた。

He, who apprehended I could not live a month, was ready enough to part with me, and demanded a thousand pieces of gold, which were ordered him on the spot, each piece being about the bigness of eight hundred moidores;

month (一ヶ月) [名] one of the twelve periods of time into which a year is divided

part with (別れる) [動] to give up something that you own or that is important to you

piece (枚) [名] a part of something

moidores (モイドール) [名] a former Portuguese gold coin

私が一ヶ月も生きられないと心配していた主人は、私と別れる準備が十分にできており、金貨千枚を要求したが、その場で支払われ、一枚は八百モイドールほどの大きさだった。

but allowing for the proportion of all things between that country and Europe, and the high price of gold among them, was hardly so great a sum as a thousand guineas would be in England.

allow for (考える) [動] take into consideration

high price (高値) [名] a price that is higher than average

sum (合計) [名] the total amount resulting from the addition of two or more numbers, amounts, or items

guinea (ギニー) [名] a former British gold coin with a value of one pound and one shilling

しかし、この国とヨーロッパのあらゆるものの比率と、この国では金の値段が高いことを考えると、イギリスの千ギニーほどにはならなかった。

I then said to the queen, since I was now her majesty’s most humble creature and vassal, I must beg the favor that Glumdalclitch, who had always tended me with so much care and kindness, and understood to do it so well, might be admitted into her service, and continue to be my nurse and instructor.

vassal (家臣) [名] a person granted the use of land in return for homage and military service

tend (世話をする) [動] regularly or frequently behave in a particular manner

well (とても) [副] to a high standard; very well

私は女王に、私は今や陛下の最も卑しい被造物であり家臣であるので、いつも私をとても気遣い、親切にしてくれ、それをとてもよく理解してくれているグルムダルクリッチが陛下のお世話係として認められ、私の看護師兼指導者として続けてくれるようお願いしなければならないと言った。

Her majesty agreed to my petition, and easily got the farmer’s consent, who was glad enough to have his daughter preferred at court;

majesty (女王) [名] a person who is a king or queen

agree (同意する) [動] have the same opinion about something

prefer (優遇する) [動] like (one thing or person) better than another

女王は私の嘆願に同意し、農夫の同意を簡単に得たが、農夫は娘が宮廷で優遇されることを喜んでいた。

and the poor girl herself was not able to hide her joy.

そして、その哀れな少女自身も喜びを隠すことができなかった。

My late master withdrew, bidding me farewell, and saying he had left me in a good service;

late (前の) [形] no longer living; dead

bid farewell (別れを告げる) [動] say goodbye

私の前の主人は私に別れを告げて退出し、私を良い奉公先に預けたと言っていた。

to which I replied not a word, only making him a slight bow.

reply (答える) [動] say something in response

bow (お辞儀) [名] the action of bending the upper part of the body forward from the waist as a sign of respect, greeting, or shame

私はそれには一言も答えず、ただ軽くお辞儀をしただけだった。

The queen observed my coldness, and, when the farmer was gone out of the apartment, asked me the reason.

coldness (冷たさ) [名] the quality of being cold

女王は私の冷たさに気づき、農夫が部屋から出て行くと、その理由を尋ねた。

I made bold to tell her majesty that I owed no other obligation to my late master than his not dashing out the brains of a poor harmless creature found by chance in his field, which obligation was amply recompensed by the gain he had made in showing me through half the kingdom, and the price he had now sold me for.

make bold (大胆にする) [動] to be brave enough to do something

than (以外に) [接] used to introduce the second element in a comparison

not (ない) [副] used to express negation

dash (打ち砕く) [動] to break or destroy something violently

harmless (無害な) [形] not able or likely to cause harm

chance (偶然) [名] a possibility of something happening

amply (十分に) [副] more than enough

recompense (報われる) [動] to give something to someone as a reward or punishment

gain (利益) [名] an increase in wealth or resources

make (得る) [動] to produce or create something

show (見世物にする) [動] to cause or allow to be seen

私は大胆にも女王陛下に、私の前の主人には、畑で偶然見つけた哀れな無害な生き物の脳みそを打ち砕かなかったこと以外に何の義理もないことを告げたが、その義理は、彼が私を王国の半分で見世物にして得た利益と、今私を売った代金で十分に報われている。

That the life I had since led was laborious enough to kill an animal of ten times my strength.

lead (送る) [動] be in charge or command of

それ以来の私の生活は、私の10倍の力を持つ動物を殺すほど過酷なものだった。

That my health was much impaired by the continual drudgery of entertaining the rabble every hour of the day;

impair (損なう) [動] cause a decline in the quality or value of

continual (絶えず) [形] happening or done without interruption

drudgery (単調な仕事) [名] hard, boring, or unpleasant work

entertain (相手をする) [動] provide entertainment for

一日中、絶えず群衆の相手をするという単調な仕事で、私の健康は大きく損なわれた。

and that if my master had not thought my life in danger, her majesty, perhaps, would not have got so cheap a bargain.

cheap (安い) [形] low in price or value

bargain (買い物) [名] an agreement between two or more parties as to what each party will do or provide

そして、もし私の主人が私の命が危険にさらされていると考えていなかったら、女王陛下はおそらくこんなに安い買い物をすることはできなかっただろう。

But as I was out of all fear of being ill treated, under the protection of so great and good an empress, the ornament of nature, the darling of the world, the delight of her subjects, the phœnix of the creation;

out of (~の外に) [前] not inside

ill treated (虐待される) [動] treat someone or something badly

under the protection of (~の保護のもとで) [前] with the support or help of

darling (寵児) [名] a person who is greatly loved

creation (創造) [名] the act of creating something

しかし、私は、自然の装飾、世界の寵児、臣民の喜び、創造の不死鳥である、偉大で善良な女王陛下の保護のもとで、虐待されることを恐れなくなったので、

so I hoped my late master’s apprehensions would appear to be groundless, for I already found my spirits to revive by the influence of her most august presence.

apprehension (不安) [名] fear or worry about something that might happen

groundless (根拠のない) [形] having no basis or foundation

revive (元気を取り戻す) [動] come back to life or consciousness

influence (影響) [名] the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something, or the effect itself

私の亡き主人の不安は根拠のないものであることが明らかになるだろうと期待していた。なぜなら、私はすでに女王陛下の威厳ある存在の影響で元気を取り戻していたからだ。

This was the sum of my speech, delivered with great improprieties and hesitation.

sum (要約) [名] a brief statement of the main points of something

deliver (行う) [動] give or send out

impropriety (不適切) [名] the quality or state of being improper

hesitation (ためらい) [名] the action of pausing before saying or doing something

これが私のスピーチの要約で、非常に不適切でためらいがちに行われた。

The latter part was altogether framed in the style peculiar to that people, whereof I learned some phrases from Glumdalclitch, while she was carrying me to court.

latter part (後半) [名] the last part of something

frame (構成する) [動] to put together the parts of

phrase (フレーズ) [名] a small group of words that forms a unit

後半は、私が宮廷に連れて行かれる間にグルムダルクリッチからいくつかのフレーズを学んだ、あの人々特有のスタイルで構成されていた。

The queen, giving great allowance for my defectiveness in speaking, was, however, surprised at so much wit and good sense in so diminutive an animal.

give allowance for (認める) [動] to take into account

defectiveness (欠陥) [名] a fault or imperfection

speaking (話し方) [名] the action of conveying information or expressing ideas by talking

surprised (驚く) [動] to feel or show surprise

wit (機知) [名] the ability to say or write things that are clever and usually funny

女王は、私の話し方の欠陥を大いに認めながらも、これほど小さな動物にこれほどの機知と良識があることに驚いていた。

She took me in her own hand, and carried me to the king, who was then retired to his cabinet.

take (抱きかかえる) [動] hold in one's hands

retire (引っ込む) [動] withdraw from one's position or occupation

女王は私を自分の手で抱きかかえ、王のもとへ連れて行ったが、王はその時、自分の部屋に引っ込んでいた。

His majesty, a prince of much gravity and austere countenance, not well observing my shape at first view, asked the queen, after a cold manner, how long it was since she grew fond of a _splacknuck_; for such it seems he took me to be, as I lay upon my breast in her majesty’s right hand.

gravity (重々しい) [名] the force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth, or towards any other physical body having mass

not well (よく~ない) [副] in a bad or inadequate way

cold (冷たい) [形] of or at a low or relatively low temperature

fond (好き) [形] having a strong liking for

since (~から) [接] during or in the time after (the event mentioned)

陛下は、非常に重々しく厳しい顔つきの王子で、一見しただけでは私の姿をよく観察していなかったが、冷たい態度で女王に、いつからスプラックナックが好きになったのかと尋ねた。私が女王陛下の右手に胸を乗せて横たわっていたので、陛下は私をそう思っているようだった。

But this princess, who has an infinite deal of wit and humor, set me gently on my feet upon the scrutoire, and commanded me to give his majesty an account of myself, which I did in a very few words;

humor (ユーモア) [名] the quality of being funny

scrutoire (書類棚) [名] a writing desk with drawers

give (説明する) [動] provide or supply

very few (ごくわずか) [形] a small number of

しかし、この王女は、機知とユーモアに富んでいて、私をそっと書類棚の上に降ろして、陛下に自分のことを説明するように命じたので、私はごく短い言葉で説明した。

and Glumdalclitch, who attended at the cabinet door, and could not endure I should be out of her sight, being admitted, confirmed all that had passed from my arrival at her father’s house.

cabinet (書斎) [名] a room in a house used for reading, writing, or studying

endure (耐える) [動] tolerate something unpleasant

admit (入室を許す) [動] allow to enter

confirm (確認する) [動] establish the truth or correctness of

書斎の扉のところで待機していたグルムダルクリッチは、私が自分の目の前からいなくなることに耐えられず、入室を許されると、私が父親の家に到着してからの経緯をすべて確認した。

The king, although he be as learned a person as any in his dominions, and had been educated in the study of philosophy, and particularly mathematics;

learn (学識がある) [形] having knowledge acquired by systematic study

philosophy (哲学) [名] the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence

王は、自分の領土にいる誰よりも学識があり、哲学、特に数学の研究で教育を受けていたが、

yet when he observed my shape exactly, and saw me walk erect, before I began to speak conceived I might be a piece of clockwork (which is in that country arrived to a very great perfection) contrived by some ingenious artist.

exactly (正確に) [副] in a precise and accurate manner

clockwork (時計仕掛け) [名] a mechanism with a spring and gears that makes a clock work

contrive (考案する) [動] plan or devise

artist (芸術家) [名] a person who produces works in any of the arts that are primarily subject to aesthetic criteria

私の姿を正確に観察し、私が直立して歩くのを見て、私が話し始める前に、私は何か独創的な芸術家によって考案された時計仕掛け(その国では非常に完成度が高い)かもしれないと考えた。

But when he heard my voice and found what I delivered to be regular and rational, he could not conceal his astonishment.

deliver (話す) [動] say or express

regular (整然としている) [形] arranged in or constituting a fixed or ordered pattern

しかし、私の声を聞いて、私の話が整然としていて理性的であることに気づいたとき、彼は驚きを隠せなかった。

He was by no means satisfied with the relation I gave him of the manner I came into his kingdom, but thought it a story concerted between Glumdalclitch and her father, who had taught me a set of words to make me sell at a higher price.

satisfied (満足する) [形] pleased with something

relation (内容) [名] the way in which two or more concepts, objects, or people are connected, or the state of being connected

concerted (作られた) [形] planned or arranged by agreement

set (言葉) [名] a group of things of the same type that belong together, are regarded as a unit, or are used together

彼は私が彼の王国に来た経緯について私が彼に話した内容に決して満足せず、グルムダルクリッチと彼女の父親が私をより高く売るために言葉を教えてくれたのだと、グルムダルクリッチと彼女の父親の間で作られた話だと思った。

Upon this imagination he put several other questions to me, and still received rational answers, no otherwise defective than by a foreign accent, and an imperfect knowledge in the language, with some rustic phrases which I had learned at the farmer’s house, and did not suit the polite style of a court.

put (する) [動] to place, set, or arrange

defective (不完全な) [形] imperfect in form or function

foreign (外国の) [形] of or relating to a country other than one's own

knowledge (知識) [名] information, understanding, or skill that you have gained through experience or education

rustic (田舎の) [形] of or relating to the country or its people

suit (合う) [動] to be appropriate or acceptable for

polite (丁寧な) [形] showing good manners or respect

style (言葉遣い) [名] a way of using words to express ideas

こう想像した上で、彼は私に他にもいくつか質問したが、それでも理性的な答えが返ってきただけで、外国語訛りと、言語の不完全な知識、農家の家で覚えた田舎言葉で、宮廷の丁寧な言葉遣いには合わなかった。

His majesty sent for three great scholars who were then in their weekly waiting, according to the custom of that country.

陛下はその国の慣習に従って、当時週番だった三人の偉大な学者を呼び寄せた。

These gentlemen, after they had awhile examined my shape with much nicety, were of different opinions concerning me.

examine (調べる) [動] inspect closely and thoroughly

nicety (精密さ) [名] a small detail or distinction

これらの紳士たちは、しばらくの間、私の姿を非常に精密に調べた後、私に関して異なる意見を持っていた。

They all agreed that I could not be produced according to the regular laws of nature, because I was not framed with a capacity of preserving my life, either by swiftness, or climbing of trees, or digging holes in the earth.

produce (生まれる) [動] bring into existence

regular (従って) [形] following or according to a rule, principle, or type

frame (備える) [動] put together the parts of

swiftness (素早さ) [名] the quality of being quick or fast

dig (掘る) [動] break up and move earth with a tool or machine

彼らは皆、私が自然の法則に従って生まれたはずがないということに同意した。なぜなら、私は素早さや木登り、地面に穴を掘ることによって自分の命を守る能力を備えていなかったからだ。

They observed by my teeth, which they viewed with great exactness, that I was a carnivorous animal;

tooth (歯) [名] one of the hard, white structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing

great exactness (非常に正確に) [名] the quality of being very accurate

carnivorous (肉食の) [形] feeding on flesh

彼らは私の歯を非常に正確に観察し、私が肉食動物であることを観察した。

yet most quadrupeds being an overmatch for me, and field mice, with some others, too nimble, they could not imagine how I should be able to support myself, unless I fed upon snails and other insects, which they offered, by many learned arguments, to evince that I could not possibly do.

quadruped (四足動物) [名] an animal that has four feet

overmatch (強敵) [名] a person or thing that is too strong or powerful for another

field mouse (野ネズミ) [名] a small rodent that lives in fields

support (自活) [動] provide with the necessities of life

snail (カタツムリ) [名] a small gastropod mollusk with a spiral shell

insect (昆虫) [名] a small animal with six legs and a body divided into three parts

evince (証明する) [動] to make evident or manifest

それでも、ほとんどの四足動物は私には強敵であり、野ネズミや他の動物は機敏すぎるので、私がカタツムリや他の昆虫を食べない限り、私がどうやって自活できるのか想像できなかった。

One of these virtuosi seemed to think that I might be an embryo, or abortive birth.

virtuoso (博識家) [名] a person highly skilled in music or another artistic pursuit

embryo (胎児) [名] an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development

abortive (流産児) [形] failing to accomplish its intended purpose

これらの博識家の一人は、私が胎児か流産児かもしれないと考えたようだった。

But this opinion was rejected by the other two, who observed my limbs to be perfect and finished, and that I had lived several years, as it was manifested from my beard, the stumps whereof they plainly discovered through a magnifying glass.

reject (否定する) [動] refuse to accept

perfect (完全な) [形] having all the required or desirable elements, qualities, or characteristics; as good as it is possible to be

finish (完成する) [動] bring (something) to a satisfactory conclusion

しかし、この意見は他の二人に否定された。彼らは私の手足が完全で完成していること、そして私の髭から明らかなように私が数年間生きてきたことを観察し、その切り株を拡大鏡で明らかにした。

They would not allow me to be a dwarf, because my littleness was beyond all degrees of comparison;

dwarf (小人) [名] a person of very small stature

littleness (小ささ) [名] the quality of being small

beyond (超えて) [前] on the farther side of

彼らは私が小人であることを認めようとしなかった。なぜなら私の小ささは比較の域を超えていたからだ。

for the queen’s favorite dwarf, the smallest ever known in that kingdom, was near thirty feet high.

thirty feet (30フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 0.3048 meter

女王のお気に入りの小人は、その王国で最も小さい小人だったが、身長は30フィート近くあった。

After much debate, they concluded unanimously that I was only _relplum scalcath_, which is, interpreted literally, _lusus naturæ_; a determination exactly agreeable to the modern philosophy of Europe, whose professors, disdaining the old evasion of occult causes, whereby the followers of Aristotle endeavor in vain to disguise their ignorance, have invented this wonderful solution of all difficulties, to the unspeakable advancement of human knowledge.

unanimously (全会一致で) [副] with no opposition

literally (文字通り) [副] in a literal manner or sense; exactly

determination (決定) [名] the quality of being determined; firmness of purpose

disdain (軽蔑) [動] regard with contempt

evasion (回避) [名] the action of evading something

occult (神秘的な) [形] of or relating to supernatural, mystical, or magical powers or phenomena

follower (信奉者) [名] a person who follows or supports a particular person or set of ideas

disguise (隠す) [動] change the appearance or nature of (something) in order to conceal it

invent (発明する) [動] create or design (something that has not existed before); be the originator of

solution (解決策) [名] a means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation

unspeakable (言い表せない) [形] too bad or shocking to be described in words

advancement (進歩) [名] the process of improving or developing something

多くの議論の後、彼らは私がただの「レルプラム・スカルカス」であると全会一致で結論を下した。これは文字通り「自然のいたずら」と解釈される。ヨーロッパの近代哲学にぴったりと合致する決定であり、その教授たちは、アリストテレスの信奉者たちが無知を隠そうと無駄に努力する神秘的な原因の古い回避を軽蔑し、人間の知識の言い表せないほどの進歩のために、あらゆる困難のこの素晴らしい解決策を発明した。

After this decisive conclusion, I entreated to be heard a word or two.

decisive (決定的な) [形] having or showing the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively

conclusion (結論) [名] the end or finish of something

この決定的な結論の後、私は一言二言聞いてもらえるように懇願した。

I applied myself to the king, and assured his majesty that I came from a country which abounded with several millions of both sexes, and of my own stature;

apply oneself (申し出る) [動] to devote oneself to a task

assure (保証する) [動] to make sure or certain

come from (来た) [動] to have as a source or origin

abound (いる) [動] to be plentiful or numerous

several millions (何百万) [名] a large number

both sexes (男女) [名] both men and women

own stature (同じ背丈) [名] one's height

私は王に申し出て、私が来た国には私と同じ背丈の男女が何百万もいることを陛下に保証した。

where the animals, trees, and houses were all in proportion, and where, by consequence, I might be as able to defend myself, and to find sustenance, as any of his majesty’s subjects could do here;

sustenance (糧) [名] food and other provisions

here (ここ) [副] in, at, or to this place

動物、木々、家々はすべて釣り合いがとれており、その結果、私は陛下の臣下がここでできることと同じように、自分を守り、糧を得ることができるかもしれない。

which I took for a full answer to those gentlemen’s arguments.

take for (思う) [動] consider or regard as being

full (十分な) [形] complete or entire

それを私は、あの紳士たちの議論に対する十分な答えだと思った。

To this they only replied with a smile of contempt, saying that the farmer had instructed me very well in my lesson.

lesson (教訓) [名] a thing learned by a person through being taught

これに彼らはただ軽蔑の笑みを浮かべて、農夫が私の教訓をとてもよく教えてくれたと言った。

The king, who had a much better understanding, dismissing his learned men, sent for the farmer, who by good fortune was not yet gone out of town.

have a much better understanding (はるかに理解が深い) [動] be able to understand something much better than someone else

learned man (学者) [名] a person who has a lot of knowledge

not yet (まだ~ない) [副] not up to the present time

go out of (出る) [動] leave a place

はるかに理解の深い王は、学者たちを退け、幸いにもまだ町から出ていなかった農夫を呼び寄せた。

Having therefore first examined him privately, and then confronted him with me and the young girl, his majesty began to think that what we told him might possibly be true.

confront (対面させる) [動] come face to face with

そのため、まず農夫を内緒で調べてから、私と少女と対面させたところ、陛下は私たちが言ったことが本当かもしれないと考え始めた。

He desired the queen to order that a particular care should be taken of me;

take (する) [動] to carry or bring with oneself

王は女王に私を特別に世話するよう命じてほしいと頼んだ。

and was of opinion that Glumdalclitch should still continue in her office of tending me, because he observed we had a great affection for each other.

be of opinion (意見である) [動] to have a particular opinion

tend (世話する) [動] to regularly or frequently behave in a particular manner

each other (互いに) [代] one another

そして、私たちが互いにとても愛情を持っているのを観察したので、グルムダルクリッチは私を世話する仕事を続けるべきだという意見だった。

A convenient apartment was provided for her at court;

宮廷に彼女のために便利な部屋が用意された。

she had a sort of governess appointed to take care of her education, a maid to dress her, and two other servants for menial offices;

take care of (担当する) [動] be responsible for

彼女には教育を担当する家庭教師のような人と、着替えを手伝うメイド、雑用をする召使が二人ついた。

but the care of me was wholly appropriated to herself.

appropriate (引き受ける) [動] take or make use of without authority or right

しかし、私の世話は彼女が全部引き受けた。

The queen commanded her own cabinetmaker to contrive a box that might serve me for a bedchamber, after the model that Glumdalclitch and I should agree upon.

cabinetmaker (家具職人) [名] a person who makes cabinets

bedchamber (寝室) [名] a room for sleeping in

model (モデル) [名] a person who poses for an artist

女王は、グルムダルクリッチと私が合意したモデルに従って、私に寝室として使える箱を工夫するように、自分の家具職人に命じた。

This man was a most ingenious artist, and according to my directions, in three weeks finished for me a wooden chamber of sixteen feet square, and twelve high, with sash windows, a door, and two closets, like a London bedchamber.

This man (この男) [名] the man being talked about

most ingenious (最も独創的な) [形] very clever, original, and inventive

according to (従って) [前] as stated or reported by

three weeks (三週間) [名] a period of three weeks

me (私のために) [代] the person being talked to

sixteen feet (十六フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

sash window (サッシ窓) [名] a window with a frame that can be slid up and down

closet (クローゼット) [名] a tall cupboard used for storing clothes

この男は最も独創的な芸術家で、私の指示に従って、三週間で私のために、ロンドンの寝室のような、サッシ窓、ドア、二つのクローゼット付きの、一辺が十六フィート、高さ十二フィートの木製の部屋を完成させた。

The board that made the ceiling was to be lifted up and down by two hinges, to put in a bed ready furnished by her majesty’s upholsterer, which Glumdalclitch took out every day to air, made it with her own hands, and letting it down at night, locked up the roof over me.

ceiling (天井) [名] the upper interior surface of a room or other similar compartment

lift (上下に動かす) [動] move or cause to move from a lower to a higher position

hinge (蝶番) [名] a movable joint or mechanism on which a door, gate, or lid swings

upholsterer (室内装飾業者) [名] a person who makes or repairs upholstery

take out (外に出す) [動] remove from a place

let down (下ろす) [動] allow to fall or collapse

lock up (閉める) [動] fasten or secure (something) with a lock

天井の板は、女王陛下の室内装飾業者が用意したベッドを入れるために、二つの蝶番で上下に動かすようになっており、グルムダルクリッチは毎日それを外に出して風に当て、自分の手で作り、夜になると下ろして、私の上の屋根を閉めた。

A nice workman, who was famous for little curiosities, undertook to make me two chairs, with backs and frames, of a substance not unlike ivory, and two tables, with a cabinet to put my things in.

nice (素敵な) [形] pleasant; agreeable; satisfactory

famous (有名な) [形] known about by many people

back (背もたれ) [名] the part of a chair that supports your back

ivory (象牙) [名] the hard creamy-white substance of which the tusks of elephants and other animals are made

小さな珍品で有名な素敵な職人が、象牙に似た材質で背もたれとフレームのある椅子を二脚、私の物を入れるキャビネット付きのテーブルを二脚作ってくれることになった。

The room was quilted on all sides, as well as the floor and the ceiling, to prevent any accident from the carelessness of those who carried me, and to break the force of a jolt when I went in a coach.

carelessness (不注意) [名] the trait of not being careful

jolt (馬車) [名] a sudden abrupt movement

部屋は、私を運ぶ人の不注意による事故を防ぎ、馬車に乗ったときの衝撃を和らげるために、床と天井だけでなく、すべての側面がキルティングされていた。

I desired a lock for my door, to prevent rats and mice from coming in.

lock (鍵) [名] a device for fastening or securing something

mouse (ネズミ) [名] a small rodent that typically has a pointed snout, relatively large ears and eyes, and a long tail

私はドアに鍵をかけて、ネズミが入らないようにしたいと思った。

The smith, after several attempts, made the smallest that ever was seen among them, for I have known a larger at the gate of a gentleman’s house in England.

attempt (試み) [名] an act of trying to do something

鍛冶屋は、何度か試みた後、彼らの中で見たこともないような小さなものを作った。私はイギリスの紳士の家の門にもっと大きなものがあるのを知っている。

I made a shift to keep the key in a pocket of my own, fearing Glumdalclitch might lose it.

keep (入れておく) [動] to store or maintain something

key (鍵) [名] a small piece of metal that is used to open or close a lock

fear (心配する) [動] to be afraid of something

lose (なくす) [動] to no longer have something

私はグルムダルクリッチが鍵をなくすのではないかと心配して、自分のポケットに鍵を入れておくようにした。

The queen likewise ordered the thinnest silks that could be gotten, to make me clothes, not much thicker than an English blanket, very cumbersome till I was accustomed to them.

likewise (また) [副] in addition; also; too

order (注文する) [動] give an authoritative command or instruction to do something

cumbersome (扱いにくい) [形] large or heavy and therefore difficult to carry or use

女王はまた、手に入る限り最も薄い絹を注文して、私に服を作らせたが、それはイギリスの毛布よりもあまり厚くなく、慣れるまでは非常に扱いにくかった。

They were after the fashion of the kingdom, partly resembling the Persian, and partly the Chinese, and are a very grave decent habit.

be after (従う) [動] follow or come after

partly (一部) [副] to some extent; in some degree

Persian (ペルシア) [名] a native or inhabitant of Persia

Chinese (中国) [名] a native or inhabitant of China

grave (重厚) [形] serious in manner or appearance

decent (上品) [形] conforming to generally accepted standards of respectable or moral behavior

それは王国の流行で、一部はペルシア風、一部は中国風で、とても重厚で上品な服装だった。

The queen became so fond of my company that she could not dine without me.

become fond of (好きになる) [動] develop a liking for

company (過ごす) [名] the fact or condition of being with another person or other people

dine (食事する) [動] eat dinner

女王は私と過ごすのがとても好きになって、私なしでは食事ができないほどだった。

I had a table placed upon the same at which her majesty ate, just at her left elbow, and a chair to sit on.

have a table placed (テーブルを置いてもらう) [動] have a table put in a certain place

upon the same (同じものの上に) [前] on the same thing

at which (~のところに) [関] the place where

ate (食事をなさる) [動] take in food

elbow (ひじ) [名] the joint between the upper and lower arm

sit on (座る) [動] be in or assume a position in which one's weight is supported by one's buttocks rather than one's feet and one's upper body is more or less upright

私は女王陛下が食事をなさるテーブルの上に、ちょうど陛下の左ひじのところに、自分のテーブルと椅子を置いてもらった。

Glumdalclitch stood on a stool on the floor, near my table, to assist and take care of me.

assist (世話をする) [動] help by sharing work

グルムダルクリッチは私のテーブルの近くの床に置いたスツールに立って、私の世話をしてくれた。

I had an entire set of silver dishes and plates, and other necessaries, which in proportion to those of the queen, were not much bigger than what I have seen of the same kind in a London toy-shop, for the furniture of a baby-house; these my little nurse kept in her pocket in a silver box, and gave me at meals as I wanted them, always cleaning them herself.

entire (一式) [形] with no part left out; whole

plate (皿) [名] a flat, round dish with raised edges that is used to hold food

toy-shop (おもちゃ屋) [名] a shop that sells toys

baby-house (ドールハウス) [名] a doll's house

these (これら) [代] used to refer to two or more people or things previously mentioned or easily identified

meal (食事) [名] an occasion when food is eaten

clean (掃除する) [動] make (something or someone) free of dirt, marks, or mess, especially by washing, wiping, or brushing

私は銀の皿やお皿、その他の必需品を一式持っていたのだが、女王のものに比べれば、ロンドンのおもちゃ屋さんで見たドールハウスの家具と大して変わらない大きさだった。私の小さな看護師はこれらを銀の箱に入れてポケットに入れておいてくれて、食事の時に私が欲しがると渡してくれ、いつも自分で掃除してくれていた。

No person dined with the queen but the two princesses royal, the elder sixteen years old, and the younger at that time thirteen and a month.

elder (年長の) [形] older

younger (年少の) [形] younger

at that time (当時) [副] at that point in time

女王と食事をするのは、二人の王女だけだった。年長の王女は16歳、年少の王女は当時13歳と1ヶ月だった。

Her majesty used to put a bit of meat upon one of my dishes, out of which I carved for myself;

used to (よく) [助] did or happened regularly or frequently in the past

put (乗せる) [動] place or set down

carve (切り分ける) [動] cut (something) into pieces

女王陛下は私の皿に肉を少し乗せてくださり、私はそれを自分で切り分けて食べた。

and her diversion was to see me eat in miniature;

diversion (楽しみ) [名] something that distracts the mind and relaxes or entertains

女王陛下は私が小さな体で食べるのを見るのが楽しみだった。

for the queen (who had indeed but a weak stomach) took up at one mouthful as much as a dozen English farmers could eat at a meal, which to me was for some time a very nauseous sight.

indeed (実際は) [副] in fact; really

take up (食べる) [動] to start doing or studying something

to me (私には) [代] in my opinion

nauseous (吐き気がする) [形] causing nausea; sickening

女王陛下は(実際は胃が弱かったのだが)一口でイギリスの農民12人が一食で食べられるほどの量を食べていたので、しばらくは吐き気がするほどだった。

She would crunch the wing of a lark, bones and all, between her teeth, although it were nine times as large as that of a full-grown turkey;

crunch (噛み砕く) [動] crush or grind noisily

wing (翼) [名] an organ of flight

女王陛下はヒバリの翼を骨もろとも歯で噛み砕いていたが、それは成熟した七面鳥の翼の9倍の大きさだった。

and put a bit of bread in her mouth, as big as two twelve-penny loaves.

bit (一切れ) [名] a small piece of something

big (大きい) [形] of considerable size, extent, or intensity

twelve-penny (12ペニー) [形] costing twelve pennies

そして、12ペニーのパン2斤分の大きさのパン一切れを口に入れた。

She drank out of a golden cup, above a hogshead at a draught.

drink out of (飲み干す) [動] drink all of

golden cup (金の杯) [名] a cup made of gold

女王陛下は金の杯から一気飲みして、一杯で大樽以上の量を飲み干した。

Her knives were twice as long as a scythe set straight upon the handle;

handle (柄) [名] the part of a tool or object that is held in the hand

女王陛下のナイフは、柄にまっすぐ取り付けた大鎌の2倍の長さだった。

the spoons, forks, and other instruments were all in the same proportion.

スプーン、フォーク、その他の道具もすべて同じ比率だった。

I remember when Glumdalclitch carried me, out of curiosity, to see some of the tables at court, where ten or a dozen of these enormous knives and forks were lifted up together,

enormous (巨大な) [形] extremely large or great

グルムダルクリッチが好奇心から私を宮廷の食卓に連れて行ってくれた時のことを覚えている。そこには10本か12本もの巨大なナイフとフォークが一緒に持ち上げられていた。

I thought I had never till then beheld so terrible a sight.

私はそれまでこんな恐ろしい光景を見たことがないと思った。

It is the custom that every Wednesday (which, as I have observed, is their Sabbath) the king and queen, with the royal issue of both sexes, dine together in the apartment of his majesty, to whom I was now become a great favorite;

every Wednesday (毎週水曜日) [名] the fourth day of the week

issue (子供) [名] a child

毎週水曜日(私が観察したところ、彼らの安息日である)に国王と女王が、男女両方の王族と共に、私が今や大のお気に入りとなった陛下の部屋で一緒に食事をするのが習慣である。

and at these times my little chair and table were placed at his left hand before one of the salt-cellars.

at these times (そういう時には) [副] on these occasions

salt-cellar (塩入れ) [名] a small dish for holding salt at the table

そういう時には私の小さな椅子とテーブルが塩入れの一つの前に陛下の左手に置かれた。

This prince took a pleasure in conversing with me, inquiring into the manners, religion, laws, government, and learning of Europe, wherein I gave him the best account I was able.

take a pleasure in (楽しみにする) [動] to enjoy doing something

give an account (説明する) [動] to explain something

この王子は私と会話するのを楽しみ、ヨーロッパの風習、宗教、法律、政治、学問について尋ね、私はできる限りの説明をした。

His apprehension was so clear and his judgment so exact that he made very wise reflections and observations upon all I said.

apprehension (理解力) [名] the ability to understand something

judgment (判断力) [名] the ability to make considered decisions or come to sensible conclusions

reflection (考察) [名] serious thought or consideration

observation (観察) [名] the action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information

彼の理解力は非常に明晰で、判断力も正確だったので、私の言うことにはすべて非常に賢い考察や観察を加えた。

But I confess that after I had been a little too copious in talking of my own beloved country, of our trade and wars by sea and land, of our schisms in religion, and parties in the state, the prejudices of his education prevailed so far that he could not forbear taking me up in his right hand and stroking me gently with the other, after a hearty fit of laughing, asked me whether I were a Whig or a Tory.

trade (貿易) [名] the activity of buying and selling goods and services

prejudice (偏見) [名] a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

prevail (勝つ) [動] be victorious or successful

gently (優しく) [副] in a kind and tender manner

fit (発作) [名] a sudden attack of illness

Whig (ホイッグ党) [名] a member of a British political party that was formed in the 17th century and was one of the two dominant parties in the 18th and 19th centuries

Tory (トーリー党) [名] a member of the British Conservative Party

しかし、私が愛する祖国のこと、海と陸での貿易や戦争、宗教の分裂、国家の政党について、少しばかり熱く語りすぎた後、彼の教育による偏見があまりにも強かったため、彼は私を右手で持ち上げ、もう一方の手で優しくなでながら、心から笑い、私がホイッグ党かトーリー党かを尋ねずにはいられなかった。

Then turning to his first minister, who waited behind him with a white staff, near as tall as the mainmast of the Royal Sovereign, he observed how contemptible a thing was human grandeur, which could be mimicked by such diminutive insects as I.

turn to (の方を向く) [動] change direction so as to face

first minister (第一大臣) [名] the head of government in Scotland

wait (控える) [動] stay in one place until someone or something arrives

Royal Sovereign (ロイヤル・ソブリン) [名] a first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy

mainmast (メインマスト) [名] the principal and usually the tallest mast of a sailing ship

contemptible (卑劣な) [形] deserving contempt

mimic (真似る) [動] imitate (someone or something), especially in an amusing way

それから、ロイヤル・ソブリンのメインマストと同じくらい背の高い白い杖を持って後ろに控えていた第一大臣の方を向き、私のような小さな虫に真似される人間の偉大さというものがいかに卑劣なものかを述べた。

“And yet,” said he, “I dare engage these creatures have their titles and distinctions of honor;

And yet (それでも) [接] nevertheless; even so

dare (あえて) [動] have the courage to do something new or dangerous

engage (約束する) [動] make a promise

「それでも」と彼は言った、「私はあえてこれらの生き物が彼らの称号と名誉の区別を持っていると約束する。

they contrive little nests and burrows, that they call houses and cities;

nest (巣) [名] a structure or place made or chosen by a bird for laying eggs and sheltering its young

burrow (穴) [名] a hole in the ground made by an animal

彼らは小さな巣や穴を工夫して、それを家や都市と呼んでいる。

they make a figure in dress and equipage;

make a figure (体裁を整える) [動] to make a good impression

dress (衣装) [名] a garment or garments covering the body

equipage (装備) [名] the equipment of a ship, army, or expedition

彼らは衣装や装備で体裁を整える。

they love, they fight, they dispute, they cheat, they betray.”

love (愛する) [動] feel a deep or constant affection for

fight (戦う) [動] take part in a violent confrontation

dispute (論争する) [動] argue about something

cheat (騙す) [動] act dishonestly or unfairly in order to gain an advantage

betray (裏切る) [動] be disloyal to

彼らは愛し、戦い、論争し、騙し、裏切る。」

And thus he continued on, while my color came and went several times with indignation to hear our noble country, the mistress of arts and arms, the scourge of France, the arbitress of Europe, the seat of virtue, piety, honor, and truth, the pride and envy of the world, so contemptuously treated.

and thus (そして) [接] and so; and therefore

continue on (続ける) [動] keep doing something

come and go (赤くなったり青くなったりした) [動] move to and fro

indignation (憤慨) [名] anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean

arm (武器) [名] a means of offense or defense

scourge (天罰) [名] a person or thing that causes great trouble or suffering

France (フランス) [名] a country in western Europe

arbitress (仲裁者) [名] a person who settles a dispute or has ultimate authority in a matter

piety (信心) [名] the quality of being religious or reverent

pride (誇り) [名] a feeling or deep pleasure or satisfaction derived from one's own achievements, the achievements of those with whom one is closely associated, or from qualities or possessions that are widely admired

envy (羨望) [名] a feeling of discontented or resentful longing aroused by someone else's possessions, qualities, or luck

contemptuously (軽蔑的に) [副] in a manner indicating contempt

そして、彼はこう続けた。その間、私の顔色は、芸術と武器の愛人、フランスの天罰、ヨーロッパの仲裁者、美徳、信心、名誉、真理の座、世界の誇りであり羨望の的である我が国が、これほどまでに軽蔑的に扱われているのを聞いて、何度も憤慨して赤くなったり青くなったりした。

But as I was not in a condition to resent injuries, so upon mature thoughts I began to doubt whether I were injured or no.

injury (怪我) [名] physical or mental harm or damage

mature (よく考える) [動] think carefully about something

doubt (疑わしくなる) [動] be uncertain about something

しかし、私は怪我に憤慨するような状態にはなかったので、よく考えてみると、怪我をしたのかどうか疑わしくなってきた。

For, after having been accustomed several months to the sight and converse of this people, and observed every object upon which I cast my eyes to be of proportionable magnitude, the horror I had at first conceived from their bulk and aspect was so far worn off that if I had then beheld a company of English lords and ladies in their finery and birthday clothes, acting their several parts in the most courtly manner of strutting, and bowing, and prating, to say the truth, I should have been strongly tempted to laugh as much at them as the king and his grandees did at me.

converse (会話) [名] a talk between two or more people

several months (数ヶ月) [名] a period of time

accustomed (慣れる) [動] be used to something

every object (あらゆる物) [名] all things

proportionable magnitude (相応の大きさ) [名] a size that is in proportion to something else

horror (恐怖) [名] an intense feeling of fear, shock, or disgust

aspect (容貌) [名] the way that someone or something looks

so far (すっかり) [副] to the extent mentioned

worn off (薄れる) [動] become less intense or severe

then (その時) [副] at that time

lady (貴婦人) [名] a woman of noble rank

finery (正装) [名] elaborate or showy clothes

birthday clothes (誕生日の衣装) [名] clothes that are worn on one's birthday

several parts (それぞれの役) [名] the different roles that people play in a situation

most courtly manner (最も宮廷的な態度) [名] the way that people behave in a royal court

strut (気取る) [動] walk or behave in a pompous or arrogant manner

bow (お辞儀をする) [動] bend the upper part of the body forwards

prattle (おしゃべりする) [動] talk at length in a foolish or inconsequential way

strongly tempted (強く誘惑される) [動] have a strong desire to do something

grandee (家臣) [名] a person of high rank or eminence

というのも、この人々との交流や彼らを見ることに数ヶ月慣れ、目に映るあらゆる物が相応の大きさであることに気が付いた後、彼らの体格や容貌から最初に抱いた恐怖はすっかり薄れ、もしその時、イギリスの貴族や貴婦人たちが正装や誕生日の衣装を着て、最も宮廷的な態度で気取って、お辞儀をして、おしゃべりをしているところを見たら、正直なところ、王様やその家臣たちが私を笑ったように、彼らを笑いたくなっただろう。

Neither, indeed, could I forbear smiling at myself when the queen used to place me upon her hand towards a looking-glass, by which both our persons appeared before me in full view together;

実際、女王が私を鏡に向かって手の上に置き、二人の姿が目の前に現れた時も、私は自分を笑わずにはいられなかった。

and there could nothing be more ridiculous than the comparison;

there could nothing be (何もなかった) [動] there was nothing

そして、その比較ほどばかげたものはなかった。

so that I really began to imagine myself dwindled many degrees below my usual size.

really (本当に) [副] in reality; in fact

dwindle (小さくなる) [動] become smaller or fewer

many degrees (ずっと) [名] a large extent

below (より) [前] lower in position, rank, or value than

size (サイズ) [名] the physical magnitude of something

そのため、私は本当に自分の体がいつものサイズよりずっと小さくなったと思い始めた。

Nothing angered and mortified me so much as the queen’s dwarf, who, being of the lowest stature that was ever in that country (for I verily think he was not full thirty feet high), became so insolent at seeing a creature so much beneath him, that he would always affect to swagger and look big as he passed by me in the queen’s antechamber, while I was standing on some table talking with the lords or ladies of the court, and he seldom failed of a small word or two upon my littleness;

anger (怒らせる) [動] make someone angry

mortify (悔しがらせる) [動] cause a severe loss in the dignity of

stature (背) [名] the height of a person

insolent (横柄) [形] boldly disrespectful

beneath (下) [前] below

swagger (威張りくさる) [動] walk or behave in a very confident and arrogant way

look big (偉そうにする) [動] appear or seem important

antechamber (控え室) [名] a small room leading to a larger room

fail (忘れる) [動] be unsuccessful in doing or achieving something

smallness (小ささ) [名] the quality or state of being small

私を最も怒らせ、悔しがらせたのは女王の小人だった。彼はこの国で最も背が低く(私は彼の身長が30フィートもないと確信している)、自分よりずっと小さい生き物を見て横柄になり、私が女王の控え室でテーブルの上に立って宮廷の貴族や貴婦人と話している時に私のそばを通り過ぎる時はいつも威張りくさって偉そうにしており、私の小ささについて一言二言言うのを忘れることはほとんどなかった。

against which I could only revenge myself by calling him brother, challenging him to wrestle, and such repartees as are usual in the mouths of court pages.

against which (それに対して) [前] in opposition to which

revenge (復讐) [名] the action of hurting someone for a wrong suffered at their hands

challenge (挑む) [動] invite someone to do something

wrestle (レスリング) [名] a sport involving grappling-type techniques such as clinch fighting, throws and takedowns, joint locks, pins and other grappling holds

repartee (返答) [名] a witty reply

それに対して私ができる復讐は、彼を兄弟と呼び、レスリングを挑み、宮廷小姓の口からよく出る返答をすることだけだった。

One day at dinner, this malicious little cub was so nettled with something I had said to him, that, raising himself upon the frame of her majesty’s chair, he took me up by the middle, as I was sitting down, not thinking any harm, and let me drop into a large silver bowl of cream, and then ran away as fast as he could.

malicious (意地悪な) [形] deliberately intending to do harm

cub (小僧) [名] a young boy

nettled (イライラする) [動] annoy or irritate

something (何か) [名] an unspecified thing

raise (上る) [動] move to a higher position

harm (害) [名] physical or mental damage or injury

bowl (ボウル) [名] a round, deep dish with a flat bottom used for holding food or liquid

cream (クリーム) [名] the thick, yellowish-white liquid that rises to the top of milk

ある日の夕食時、この意地悪な小僧は私が彼に言った何かにとてもイライラし、女王陛下の椅子の枠に上り、私が何も考えずに座っている時に私の真ん中を持ち上げ、クリームの入った大きな銀のボウルに落とし、それから全速力で逃げ出した。

I fell over head and ears, and if I had not been a good swimmer it might have gone very hard with me;

fall over (落ちる) [動] to fall down

swimmer (泳ぎが得意な人) [名] a person who swims

go hard with (大変なことになる) [動] to be difficult or unpleasant for someone

私は頭から落ち、泳ぎが得意でなければ、とても大変なことになっていただろう。

for Glumdalclitch in that instant happened to be at the other end of the room, and the queen was in such a fright that she wanted presence of mind to assist me.

in that instant (その瞬間) [名] at that very moment

happen to be (たまたま〜である) [動] to occur by chance

at the other end (反対側に) [名] on the opposite side

in such a fright (恐怖のあまり) [名] in a state of intense fear

want (〜がない) [動] to be without or lacking something

assist (助ける) [動] to give help to

というのも、その瞬間グルムダルクリッチはたまたま部屋の反対側にいて、女王は恐怖のあまり私を助ける余裕がなかったからだ。

But my little nurse ran to my relief, and took me out, after I had swallowed above a quart of cream.

run to (走ってくる) [動] come or go quickly

relief (助け) [名] alleviation of or deliverance from pain, anxiety, or distress

swallow (飲み込む) [動] cause to pass from the mouth into the stomach

しかし、私の小さな看護師が助けに走ってきて、私が1クォート以上のクリームを飲み込んだ後、私を連れ出した。

I was put to bed; however, I received no other damage than the loss of a suit of clothes, which was utterly spoiled.

put to bed (ベッドに入れる) [動] put someone to bed

utterly (完全に) [副] completely

私はベッドに入れられたが、服が完全にだめになった以外に損害はなかった。

The dwarf was soundly whipped, and as a further punishment, forced to drink up the bowl of cream into which he had thrown me.

soundly (激しく) [副] in a thorough manner

小人は鞭で打たれ、さらに罰として、私を投げ込んだクリームのボウルを飲み干させられた。

Neither was he ever restored to favor;

neither (二度と) [副] not either; not at all

be restored to (取り戻す) [動] be returned to a previous state

favor (寵愛) [名] a special privilege or right granted as a favor

彼は二度と寵愛を取り戻すことはなかった。

for soon after the queen bestowed him on a lady of high quality, so that I saw him no more, to my very great satisfaction: for I could not tell to what extremity such a malicious urchin might have carried his resentment.

bestow (下賜する) [動] to give or confer as a gift

high quality (身分の高い) [形] of high social or economic status

no more (もう~ない) [副] not anymore

to my very great satisfaction (とても満足した) [名] to my great satisfaction

I could not tell (わからない) [動] to be unable to say or know

to what extremity (どこまで) [名] to what extent

such a malicious urchin (こんな悪意に満ちた小僧) [名] such a malicious child

might have carried (抱くかもしれない) [動] to have or hold in the mind

というのも、すぐに女王が彼を身分の高い女性に下賜したので、私はもう彼を見ることがなくなり、とても満足したからだ。というのも、こんな悪意に満ちた小僧がどこまで恨みを抱くかわからないからだ。

He had before served me a scurvy trick, which set the queen a-laughing, although at the same time she were heartily vexed, and would have immediately cashiered him, if I had not been so generous as to intercede.

before (以前) [副] at a time in the past

serve (する) [動] perform a function or service

scurvy (卑劣な) [形] mean and contemptible

trick (いたずら) [名] a mischievous act or prank

vexed (腹を立てる) [形] annoyed or worried

cashier (解雇する) [動] dismiss from a position of authority or trust

intercede (とりなす) [動] intervene on behalf of another

彼は以前にも私に卑劣ないたずらをしたことがあり、女王は腹を立てながらも笑い、私が寛大にとりなしをしなければ、すぐに彼を解雇していただろう。

Her majesty had taken a marrowbone upon her plate, and, after knocking out the marrow, placed the bone again on the dish erect, as it stood before;

marrowbone (骨髄) [名] a bone containing marrow

女王陛下は骨髄を皿にのせ、骨髄を叩き出した後、骨を元通りに皿に立てておいた。

the dwarf, watching his opportunity, while Glumdalclitch was gone to the sideboard, mounted upon the stool she stood on to take care of me at meals, took me up in both hands, and squeezing my legs together, wedged them into the marrowbone above my waist, where I stuck for some time, and made a very ridiculous figure.

watch (うかがう) [動] look at or observe attentively

sideboard (食器棚) [名] a piece of furniture with shelves and drawers, used for storing dishes, glasses, and table linen

together (ぎゅっと) [副] in or into one place, mass, or group

wedge (押し込む) [動] force or squeeze into a narrow space

above (上の) [前] in a higher position than

stick (引っかかる) [動] be or become fixed or caught

figure (姿) [名] a person's bodily shape

小人は、グルムダルクリッチが食器棚に行っている間に好機をうかがい、食事の時に私の世話をするために立っていた椅子に登り、両手で私を抱き上げ、私の足をぎゅっと押し付け、腰の上の骨髄に押し込んだので、私はしばらくそこに引っかかってしまい、とても滑稽な姿になった。

I believe it was near a minute before any one knew what was become of me, for I thought it below me to cry out.

I believe (思う) [動] to think or suppose

it was near a minute (1分近く前だった) [名] a unit of time equal to 60 seconds

know (気づく) [動] to be aware of

what was become of me (私がどうなったのか) [名] what happened to me

I thought (思っていた) [動] to have an opinion or belief

it below me (自分の下にいる) [名] beneath me

to cry out (叫ぶ) [動] to shout or scream

私がどうなったのか誰も気づかなかったのは1分近く前だったと思うが、私は叫ぶのは自分の下にいるとばかり思っていた。

But, as princes seldom get their meat hot, my legs were not scalded, only my stockings and breeches in a sad condition.

get (~になる) [動] become

hot (熱い) [形] having a high temperature

scald (火傷する) [動] burn with hot liquid or steam

breeches (ズボン) [名] short trousers reaching to or just below the knees

sad (悲惨な) [形] causing sorrow or unhappiness

しかし、王侯貴族は肉を熱くすることはめったにないので、私の足は火傷をせず、ただ靴下とズボンが悲惨な状態になっただけだった。

The dwarf, at my entreaty, had no other punishment than a sound whipping.

entreaty (懇願) [名] an earnest request

whipping (鞭打ち) [名] the act of striking with a whip

小人は、私の懇願で、鞭打ち以外に罰を受けなかった。

I was frequently rallied by the queen upon account of my fearfulness;

be rallied by (からかわれる) [動] be teased by

fearfulness (恐怖心) [名] the quality of being afraid

私は恐怖心の強さを女王によくからかわれた。

and she used to ask me whether the people of my country were as great cowards as myself!

as great as (同じくらい) [副] to the same extent or degree

そして、私の国の人々は私と同じくらい臆病なのかとよく尋ねられた。

The occasion was this:

事の次第はこうだった。

The kingdom is much pestered with flies in summer;

pester (悩ます) [動] trouble or annoy (someone) with frequent or persistent requests or interruptions

この国は夏になるとハエに悩まされる。

and these odious insects, each of them as big as a Dunstable lark, hardly gave me any rest while I sat at dinner, with their continual humming and buzzing about my ears.

odious (憎らしい) [形] deserving strong dislike or hatred

Dunstable lark (ダンスタブルのヒバリ) [名] a type of bird

hum (ブンブン) [動] make a low continuous sound like that of a bee

buzz (飛び回る) [動] fly quickly and erratically

ダンスタブルのヒバリほどもあるこの憎らしい虫は、私が食事をしている間も耳の周りをブンブン飛び回り、私を休ませてくれなかった。

They would sometimes alight upon my victuals.

alight (止まる) [動] come to rest on a surface

時には食べ物に止まることもあった。

Sometimes they would fix upon my nose or forehead, where they stung me to the quick, smelling very offensively;

forehead (額) [名] the part of the face above the eyes

sting (刺す) [動] cause a sharp pain

quick (痛み) [名] the tender flesh below the nails

offensively (不快に) [副] in a way that causes offense

時には鼻や額に止まって、刺すような痛みを与え、とても不快な臭いを放った。

and I could easily trace that viscous matter which, our naturalists tell us, enables those creatures to walk with their feet upwards upon a ceiling.

trace (見つける) [動] discover or notice

viscous (粘着性のある) [形] having a thick, sticky consistency

matter (物質) [名] a substance that has mass and takes up space

naturalist (博物学者) [名] a person who studies natural history

博物学者が言うには、この虫は粘着性のある物質を分泌して天井を歩くことができるらしいが、私はその物質を簡単に見つけることができた。

I had much ado to defend myself against these detestable animals, and could not forbear starting when they came on my face.

have much ado (大いに苦労する) [動] have a lot of trouble

detestable (憎らしい) [形] deserving strong dislike or hatred

come on (止まる) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker

私はこの憎らしい虫から身を守るのに大いに苦労し、顔に止まられると飛び上がらずにはいられなかった。

It was the common practice of the dwarf to catch a number of these insects in his hand, as schoolboys do among us, and let them out suddenly under my nose, on purpose to frighten me, and divert the queen.

catch (捕まえる) [動] to take or keep in possession, especially after a chase

frighten (驚かす) [動] to make someone afraid

小人は、わが国で小学生がよくやるように、この虫をたくさん手で捕まえ、わざと私を驚かせ女王を楽しませようとして、私の鼻の下で突然放すのが常だった。

My remedy was to cut them in pieces with my knife as they flew in the air, wherein my dexterity was much admired.

admire (賞賛する) [動] regard with respect or warm approval

私の対処法は、空を飛んでいるハエをナイフで切り刻むことで、その器用さは大いに賞賛された。

I remember one morning when Glumdalclitch had set me in my box upon a window, as she usually did in fair days to give me air (for I durst not venture to let the box be hung on a nail out of the window, as we do with cages in England), after I had lifted up one of my sashes, and sat down at my table to eat a piece of sweet cake for my breakfast, above twenty wasps, allured by the smell, came flying into the room, humming louder than the drones of as many bagpipes.

fair day (天気の良い日) [名] a day with good weather

hang (吊るす) [動] be suspended from above

nail (釘) [名] a small metal object with a pointed end and a flat head, used to join things together

cage (鳥かご) [名] a structure of wire or metal bars in which birds or other animals are kept

sash (吊り框) [名] a long piece of cloth worn over one shoulder or around the waist

cake (ケーキ) [名] a sweet dessert made from ingredients such as flour, sugar, eggs, and butter

smell (匂い) [名] the quality or character of something that is perceived by the olfactory system

allure (誘う) [動] attract or tempt by offering something pleasant or desirable

fly (飛び込む) [動] move through the air with wings or a winged structure

bagpipe (バグパイプ) [名] a musical instrument with a bag into which air is blown, causing the pipes to sound

ある朝のこと、グルムダルクリッチが天気の良い日にいつもするように、私に風に当たらせてやろうと箱を窓の上に置いたとき(イギリスで鳥かごを窓の外に吊るすように、箱を窓の外に吊るす勇気は私にはなかった)、私が窓の吊り框を一つ上げ、テーブルに座って朝食に甘いケーキを食べようとしたところ、匂いに誘われて二十匹以上のスズメバチが部屋に飛び込んできて、バグパイプよりも大きな音を立てて羽音を立てていたのを覚えている。

Some of them seized my cake and carried it piecemeal away;

piecemeal (少しずつ) [副] a little at a time; gradually

何匹かは私のケーキを奪い、少しずつ運び去った。

others flew about my head and face, confounding me with the noise, and putting me in the utmost terror of their stings.

fly about (飛び回る) [動] fly in all directions

confound (混乱させる) [動] cause to become confused

put (陥れる) [動] cause to be in a specified state

terror (恐怖) [名] a state of intense fear

他のスズメバチは私の頭や顔の周りを飛び回り、その音で私を混乱させ、刺される恐怖に陥れた。

However, I had the courage to rise and draw my hanger, and attack them in the air.

have the courage to (勇気を出す) [動] be brave enough to do something

しかし、私は勇気を出して立ち上がり、ハンガーを抜いて空中で攻撃した。

I dispatched four of them, but the rest got away, and I presently shut my window.

get away (逃げる) [動] leave a place or situation

私はそのうちの四匹を仕留めたが、残りは逃げてしまい、私はすぐに窓を閉めた。

These creatures were as large as partridges;

partridge (ヤマウズラ) [名] a game bird with a plump body and short legs

これらの生き物はヤマウズラほどの大きさだった。

I took out their stings, found them an inch and a half long, and as sharp as needles.

sting (針) [名] a sharp organ at the end of the abdomen of some insects

find (分かった) [動] discover or notice something

私は針を抜き取ったが、それは一インチ半の長さで針のように鋭かった。

I carefully preserved them all;

私はそれらをすべて注意深く保存した。

and having since shown them, with some other curiosities, in several parts of Europe, upon my return to England I gave three of them to Gresham College and kept the fourth for myself.

give (寄贈する) [動] transfer to another as a gift

Gresham College (グレイシャム・カレッジ) [名] a college in London

fourth (四本目) [名] the number 4

keep (取っておく) [動] continue to have or do something

そして、それ以来、ヨーロッパの各地で他の珍品と一緒にそれらを見せて回り、イギリスに帰国した際には、そのうちの三本をグレイシャム・カレッジに寄贈し、四本目は自分のために取っておいた。

CHAPTER IV

第四章

THE COUNTRY DESCRIBED—A PROPOSAL FOR CORRECTING MODERN MAPS—THE KING’S PALACE, AND SOME ACCOUNT OF THE METROPOLIS—THE AUTHOR’S WAY OF TRAVELING—THE CHIEF TEMPLE DESCRIBED.

map (地図) [名] a representation of the earth's surface

国の説明、現代の地図を訂正する提案、王宮、首都の説明、著者の旅行方法、主要な寺院の説明。

I now intend to give the reader a short description of this country, as far as I traveled in it, which was not above two thousand miles round Lorbrulgrud, the metropolis.

travel (旅行する) [動] go from one place to another

far (範囲) [名] the distance that can be traveled

two thousand (二千) [数] the number 2000

round (周辺) [前] in every direction from a central point

私は今、この国の簡単な説明を、私が旅行した範囲で読者に提供しようと思うが、それは首都ロブルグルド周辺の二千マイルを超えるものではなかった。

For the queen, whom I always attended, never went further when she accompanied the king in his progresses, and there stayed till his majesty returned from viewing his frontiers.

progress (巡幸) [名] a state journey of a monarch through his or her realm

accompany (同行する) [動] go somewhere with someone

frontier (国境) [名] the line that forms the boundary between two countries

私がいつも付き添っていた女王は、王の巡幸に同行した際には、それ以上遠くへは行かず、国境視察から陛下が戻るまでそこに滞在していたからである。

The whole extent of this prince’s dominions reaching about six thousand miles in length, and from three to five in breadth;

whole extent (全域) [名] the entire area

この王の領土の全域は、長さ約六千マイル、幅は三から五マイルに及ぶ。

from whence I cannot but conclude that our geographers of Europe are in a great error, by supposing nothing but sea between Japan and California; for it was ever my opinion that there must be a balance of earth to counterpoise the great continent of Tartary; and therefore they ought to correct their maps and charts by joining this vast tract of land to the northwest parts of America, wherein I shall be ready to lend them my assistance.

from whence (そこから) [副] from where

geographer (地理学者) [名] a person who studies geography

California (カリフォルニア) [名] a state in the Western United States

nothing but (〜しかない) [副] only

error (誤り) [名] a mistake

balance (バランス) [名] an even distribution of weight or amount

counterpoise (釣り合う) [動] balance or be in equilibrium with

Tartary (タタール) [名] a historical region of Europe and Asia

ought to (〜すべきである) [助] used to express moral obligation or desirability

correct (訂正する) [動] make or become free from error

chart (海図) [名] a map of the sea showing coastlines, water depths, and other information useful for navigation

tract (土地) [名] a large area of land

そこから、ヨーロッパの地理学者たちが日本とカリフォルニアの間に海しかないと仮定していることで、大きな誤りを犯していると結論せざるを得ない。というのも、私は常に、タタールの大大陸と釣り合うために地球のバランスがなければならないという意見だったからだ。それゆえ、彼らはこの広大な土地をアメリカの北西部に接続することで地図や海図を訂正すべきであり、私は喜んで彼らに援助の手を差し伸べるつもりだ。

The kingdom is a peninsula, terminated to the northeast by a ridge of mountains thirty miles high, which are altogether impassable, by reason of the volcanoes upon the tops;

peninsula (半島) [名] a piece of land that is almost surrounded by water but is connected to a larger land area

ridge (山脈) [名] a long narrow hill or a series of hills

thirty miles (三十マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 5280 feet

volcano (火山) [名] a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust

この王国は半島で、北東には高さ三十マイルの山脈が連なり、頂上には火山があるため、全く通行できない。

neither do the most learned know what sort of mortals inhabit beyond those mountains, or whether they be inhabited at all.

most (最も) [形] the greatest or highest degree

learned (博識な) [形] having or showing knowledge and learning

inhabit (住む) [動] live in or occupy

beyond (向こう) [前] on or to the further side of

最も博識な者でさえ、あの山の向こうにどんな人間が住んでいるのか、あるいは住んでいるのかどうかさえ知らない。

On the three other sides, it is bounded by the ocean.

on (で) [前] at or in a place

他の三方は海に囲まれている。

There is not one seaport in the whole kingdom;

There is not (ない) [動] not exist

seaport (港) [名] a town or city with a harbor where ships load or unload

王国全体に港は一つもない。

and those parts of the coasts into which the rivers issue, are so full of pointed rocks, and the sea generally so rough, that there is no venturing with the smallest of their boats;

issue (流れ込む) [動] flow out

full (だらけ) [形] having a great deal or many

pointed (尖った) [形] having a sharp or tapered end

rough (荒れている) [形] having an uneven or irregular surface

川が流れ込む海岸の部分は尖った岩だらけで、海は概して荒れているので、どんなに小さな船でも冒険はできない。

so that these people are wholly excluded from any commerce with the rest of the world.

these people (この国の人々) [名] the people of this country

exclude (断つ) [動] not include

rest of the world (外界) [名] the world outside of one's own country

そのため、この国の人々は外界との交易を完全に断たれている。

But the large rivers are full of vessels, and abound with excellent fish;

full of (いっぱいで) [形] having a great deal or many of something

abound (豊富にいる) [動] be plentiful or very common

excellent (おいしい) [形] very good; of high quality

しかし、大きな川には船がいっぱいで、おいしい魚が豊富にいる。

for they seldom get any from the sea, because the sea fish are of the same size with those in Europe, and consequently not worth catching;

fish (魚) [名] a cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water and has gills, fins, and a streamlined body

consequently (したがって) [副] as a result; therefore

worth (価値) [名] the quality that renders something desirable, useful, or worthy of esteem

海から魚をとることはめったにない。海の魚はヨーロッパの魚と同じ大きさなので、捕まえるだけの価値がないからだ。

whereby it is manifest, that nature, in the production of plants and animals of so extraordinary a bulk, is wholly confined to this continent, of which I leave the reasons to be determined by philosophers.

production (産出) [名] the creation of goods and services

こうして、これほど異常な大きさの植物や動物の産出は、この大陸に限られていることが明らかになったが、その理由は哲学者に任せることにする。

However, now and then they take a whale that happens to be dashed against the rocks, which the common people feed on heartily.

take (捕まえる) [動] catch or capture

whale (鯨) [名] a very large marine mammal

common people (庶民) [名] people in general; the ordinary people

feed on (食べる) [動] eat or consume

しかし、時々、岩にぶつかって死んだ鯨を捕まえ、庶民はそれをおいしく食べる。

These whales I have known so large, that a man could hardly carry one upon his shoulders;

私が知っている鯨は、とても大きくて、一人の人間では肩に担ぐのがやっとだった。

and sometimes, for curiosity, they are brought in hampers to Lorbrulgrud; I saw one of them in a dish at the king’s table, which passed for a rarity, but I did not observe he was fond of it;

hamper (籠) [名] a large basket with a cover

rarity (珍味) [名] something that is very uncommon or unusual

時々、珍しいものとして、籠に入れてロブルグルドに運んでくる。私は王の食卓に載った珍味の皿にその鯨肉を見たが、王がそれを好んでいるようには見えなかった。

for I think, indeed, the bigness disgusted him, although I have seen one somewhat larger in Greenland.

disgust (嫌気がさす) [動] cause to feel revulsion or strong disapproval

although (が) [接] but; however

somewhat (もっと) [副] to some extent; a little

larger (大きい) [形] of greater size or extent

Greenland (グリーンランド) [名] an island in the North Atlantic Ocean

実際、その大きさに嫌気がさしたのだろうと思うが、私はグリーンランドでもっと大きな鯨を見たことがある。

The country is well inhabited, for it contains fifty-one cities, near a hundred walled towns, and a great number of villages.

be well inhabited (人口が多い) [動] have a large population

fifty-one (五十一) [数] the cardinal number that is the sum of fifty and one

walled (城壁に囲まれた) [形] having a wall around it

この国は人口が多く、五十一の都市、百近くの城壁に囲まれた町、そして多数の村がある。

To satisfy my curious reader, it may be sufficient to describe Lorbrulgrud.

好奇心旺盛な読者を満足させるには、ロブルグルドの説明だけで十分だろう。

This city stands upon almost two equal parts on each side of the river that passes through.

stand upon (立っている) [動] be situated on

pass through (流れる) [動] go through or across

two equal parts (二等分) [名] two parts of equal size

この都市は、流れる川の両岸にほぼ二等分されて立っている。

It contains above eighty thousand houses, and about six hundred thousand inhabitants.

eighty thousand (八万) [数] 80,000

six hundred thousand (六十万) [数] 600,000

八万軒以上の家があり、約六十万人の住民がいる。

It is in length three _glongluns_ (which make about fifty-four English miles), and two and a half in breadth, as I measured it myself in the royal map made by the king’s order, which was laid on the ground on purpose for me, and extended a hundred feet;

glongluns (グロングルン) [名] a unit of length

fifty-four (五十四) [数] the number 54

miles (マイル) [名] a unit of length

長さは三グロングルン(約五十四イングランドマイル)で、幅は二と半分である。これは、私のためにわざわざ地面に置かれ、百フィートにも及ぶ、王の命令で作られた王国の地図で私が自分で測ったものだ。

I paced the diameter and circumference several times barefoot, and computing by the scale, measured it pretty exactly.

pace (歩く) [動] walk with slow or regular steps

barefoot (裸足で) [形] having no shoes or socks on

scale (目盛り) [名] a graduated series of marks on a line or surface

compute (計算する) [動] determine by mathematical means

pretty exactly (かなり正確に) [副] with little or no error

私は直径と円周を何度も裸足で歩き、目盛りで計算して、かなり正確に測定した。

The king’s palace is no regular edifice, but a heap of buildings about seven miles round;

king's palace (王宮) [名] the official residence of a king

regular edifice (普通の建物) [名] a building that is not unusual or special

heap of buildings (建物の集まり) [名] a large number of buildings in one place

about seven miles (約七マイル) [名] a distance of about seven miles

王宮は普通の建物ではなく、周囲約七マイルの建物の集まりである。

the chief rooms are generally two hundred and forty feet high, and broad and long in proportion.

two hundred and forty (二百四十) [数] 240

proportion (比例) [名] a relationship in which one quantity is equal to a fraction of another

主な部屋は通常高さ二百四十フィートあり、それに比例して幅と長さがある。

A coach was allowed to Glumdalclitch and me, wherein her governess frequently took her out to see the town, or go among the shops;

allow (許す) [動] permit to do something

governess (家庭教師) [名] a woman employed to teach children in a private household

frequently (よく) [副] many times; often

グルムダルクリッチと私には馬車が許され、彼女の家庭教師はよく彼女を連れて町を見に行ったり、店に行ったりした。

and I was always of the party, carried in my box;

party (パーティー) [名] a social gathering of invited guests, typically involving eating, drinking, and entertainment

そして私はいつも箱に入れて連れて行かれた。

although the girl, at my own desire, would often take me out, and hold me in her hand, that I might more conveniently view the houses and the people, as we passed along the streets.

at my own desire (私の希望で) [名] because I wanted it

take me out (私を箱から出す) [動] remove me from the box

hold me in her hand (私を手に抱く) [動] hold me in her hand

more conveniently (もっとよく) [副] in a more convenient manner

もっとも、私の希望で、道を行くときに家や人々をもっとよく見られるように、少女はよく私を箱から出して手に抱いてくれた。

I reckoned our coach to be about a square of Westminster Hall, but not altogether so high;

reckon (思う) [動] to be of the opinion that

Westminster Hall (ウェストミンスターホール) [名] a large hall in the Palace of Westminster in London

square (広場) [名] an open area in a town or city, usually with trees and seats

私は馬車がウェストミンスターホールの広場くらいの大きさだが、それほど高くはないと思った。

however, I cannot be very exact.

cannot (できない) [助] be unable to

しかし、私はあまり正確にはわからない。

One day the governess ordered our coachman to stop at several shops, where the beggars, watching their opportunity, crowded to the sides of the coach, and gave me the most horrible spectacles that ever an English eye beheld.

beggar (乞食) [名] a person who lives by asking for money or food

spectacle (光景) [名] a visually impressive performance or display

ある日、家庭教師が御者に何軒かの店に寄るように命じたが、そこでは乞食たちが機会をうかがって馬車の横に群がり、イギリス人の目が見た中で最も恐ろしい光景を見せてくれた。

Beside the large box in which I was usually carried, the queen ordered a smaller one to be made for me, of about twelve feet square, and ten high, for the convenience of traveling;

beside (ほかに) [前] at the side of; next to

convenience (便利) [名] the state of being able to proceed with something with little effort or difficulty

私が普段運ばれる大きな箱のほかに、女王は旅行に便利なように、私のために一辺が約十二フィート、高さ十フィートの小さな箱を作るように命じた。

because the other was somewhat too large for Glumdalclitch’s lap, and cumbersome in the coach;

というのも、もう一つの箱はグルムダルクリッチの膝には少し大きすぎて、馬車の中では扱いにくかったからだ。

it was made by the same artist, whom I directed in the whole contrivance.

make (作られる) [動] create or produce

artist (職人) [名] a person who creates art

direct (指揮する) [動] control the operations of

それは同じ職人によって作られたが、私はその全体の工夫を指揮した。

This traveling closet was an exact square, with a window in the middle of three of the squares, and each window was latticed with iron wire on the outside, to prevent accidents in long journeys.

traveling closet (旅行用クローゼット) [名] a closet used for traveling

exact square (正方形) [名] a shape with four equal sides and four right angles

outside (外側) [名] the external part of something

この旅行用クローゼットは正方形で、三つの正方形の真ん中に窓があり、長旅の事故を防ぐために、各窓の外側には鉄線が格子状に張られていた。

On the fourth side, which had no window, two strong staples were fixed, through which the person that carried me, when I had a mind to be on horseback, put in a leather belt, and buckled it about his waist.

on the fourth side (四番目の側面には) [名] on the fourth side

staple (留め金) [名] a short piece of wire that is bent so that it can be pushed through sheets of paper and then bent back to fasten them together

mind (思う) [名] the ability to think, reason, and learn

put in (通す) [動] insert

leather (革) [名] a material made from the skin of an animal

buckle (巻き付ける) [動] fasten with a buckle

窓のない四番目の側面には、二つの頑丈な留め金が固定されていて、私が馬に乗りたいと思ったときには、私を運ぶ人が革のベルトを通し、それを腰に巻き付けた。

This was always the office of some grave trusty servant in whom I could confide, whether I attended the king and queen in their progresses, or were disposed to see the gardens, or pay a visit to some great lady or minister of state in the court, when Glumdalclitch happened to be out of order;

progress (行幸) [名] an official tour or visit made by a monarch or other dignitary

pay a visit (訪問する) [動] go to see someone or something

great lady (貴婦人) [名] a woman of high social position

私が国王と女王の行幸に随行する時も、庭園を見物する時も、グルムダルクリッチが都合が悪い時に宮廷の貴婦人や大臣を訪問する時も、この役目はいつも私が信頼できる真面目な召使が務めた。

for I soon began to be known and esteemed among the greatest officers, I suppose more upon account of their majesties’ favor than any merit of my own.

begin (なる) [動] start to be

known (知られるように) [形] famous

esteemed (尊敬される) [形] respected

favor (ご好意) [名] an act of kindness

というのも、私はすぐに高官たちの間で知られるようになり、尊敬されるようになったのだが、それは私の功績というよりは、陛下のご好意によるものだったと思う。

In journeys, when I was weary of the coach, a servant on horseback would buckle my box, and place it on a cushion before him;

weary (飽きる) [形] feeling or showing extreme tiredness

buckle (締める) [動] fasten or be fastened with a buckle

cushion (クッション) [名] a soft pillow or pad used as a decoration or for comfort

旅の途中で馬車に飽きると、馬に乗った召使が私の箱を締めて、自分の前のクッションの上に置いてくれた。

and there I had a full prospect of the country on three sides from my three windows.

have a full prospect (全景が見渡せる) [動] be able to see everything

three sides (三方向) [名] three directions

three windows (三つの窓) [名] three windows

そこからは三つの窓から三方向に国の全景が見渡せた。

I had in this closet a field bed, and a hammock hung from the ceiling, two chairs and a table, neatly screwed to the floor, to prevent being tossed by the agitation of the horse or the coach.

closet (小部屋) [名] a small room

field bed (折り畳み式のベッド) [名] a bed that can be folded up

hammock (ハンモック) [名] a bed made of canvas or of netting suspended between two points

この小部屋には、折り畳み式のベッドと天井から吊るしたハンモック、椅子二脚とテーブルがあり、馬や馬車の揺れで転倒しないように床にきちんとねじ止めされていた。

And having long been used to sea voyages, those motions, although sometimes very violent, did not much discompose me.

be used to (慣れている) [動] be familiar with something through repeated exposure

sea voyage (船旅) [名] a journey by sea

それに、長い間船旅に慣れていたので、そうした揺れは、時々とても激しいものだったにもかかわらず、私をあまり動揺させることはなかった。

Whenever I had a mind to see the town, it was always in my traveling closet, which Glumdalclitch held in her lap in a kind of open sedan, after the fashion of the country, borne by four men, and attended by two others in the queen’s livery.

sedan (輿) [名] a type of car with a closed body and a separate compartment for the driver

livery (従者の服) [名] a uniform worn by a servant

私が町を見たいと思ったときはいつでも、私の旅行用小部屋で、グルムダルクリッチがその小部屋を膝に抱えて、この国の風習に従って、四人の男に担がれた一種の天井のない輿に乗り、女王の従私の服を着た二人の従者が付き添った。

The people, who had often heard of me, were very curious to crowd about the sedan, and the girl was complaisant enough to make the bearers stop, and to take me in her hand that I might be more conveniently seen.

hear of (耳にする) [動] be told or informed about

complaisant (親切) [形] willing to please others or to accept what they do or say

bearer (担ぐ者) [名] a person who carries something

stop (止める) [動] come to an end

私のことをよく耳にしていた人々は、輿の周りに群がってとても興味津々だったが、少女は親切にも輿を担ぐ者たちを止めて、私がもっとよく見えるように私を手に取ってくれた。

I was very desirous to see the chief temple, and particularly the tower belonging to it, which is reckoned the highest in the kingdom.

chief (大) [形] highest in rank or authority

私は、この国の最高峰とされる大寺院、特にその塔を見たいと思っていた。

Accordingly, one day my nurse carried me thither, but I may truly say I came back disappointed;

accordingly (そのため) [副] as a result

disappointed (がっかりする) [形] unhappy because something has not happened or is not as good as you hoped

そのため、ある日、私の乳母は私をそこへ連れて行ったが、正直に言って、私はがっかりして帰ってきた。

for the height is not above three thousand feet, and reckoning from the ground to the highest pinnacle top;

reckoning (計算) [名] the action of calculating

highest (一番高い) [形] of the greatest height

pinnacle (尖塔) [名] a tall, narrow tower on a building, typically a church or cathedral, forming a tapering point at the top of a structure

というのも、高さは三千フィートを超えず、地面から一番高い尖塔の頂上まで計算しても、

which, allowing for the difference between the size of those people and us in Europe, is no great matter for admiration, nor at all equal in proportion (if I rightly remember) to Salisbury steeple.

allow for (考慮に入れる) [動] take into account

great matter (大した事) [名] something of great importance

equal (同等) [形] the same in quantity, size, value, or status

Salisbury (ソールズベリー) [名] a city in Wiltshire, England

あの人々とヨーロッパの私たちの体格の違いを考慮に入れても、感心するほどのものではないし、(私の記憶が正しければ)ソールズベリーの尖塔に比べても、比率的に全く同等ではない。

But, not to detract from a nation to which, during my life, I shall acknowledge myself extremely obliged, it must be allowed that whatever this famous tower wants in height, is amply made up in beauty and strength;

detract (誹謗中傷する) [動] take away a part from

during (生涯にわたって) [前] in or throughout the course of

acknowledge (認める) [動] recognize the existence or truth of

want (劣る) [動] be lacking or deficient

しかし、私が生涯にわたって非常に恩義を感じている国を誹謗中傷するわけではないが、この有名な塔は高さでは劣るものの、美しさや強さでは十分に補われていることは認めざるを得ない。

for the walls are near a hundred feet thick, built of hewn stone, whereof each is about forty feet square, and adorned on all sides with statues of gods and emperors cut in marble larger than the life, placed in their several niches.

built (造られる) [動] construct or make

hewn (切り出された) [形] cut with an axe or other sharp tool

adorned (飾られる) [動] be an attractive addition to

all sides (四方) [名] every side

statue (像) [名] a three-dimensional representation of a person or thing in stone, metal, wood, or other material

god (神) [名] a superhuman being or spirit worshiped as having power over nature or human fortunes; a deity

cut (彫られる) [動] make an incision in

marble (大理石) [名] a hard metamorphic rock that can be polished and is used in sculpture and architecture

larger than life (実物より大きい) [形] exaggerated or idealized

placed (置かれる) [動] put in a specified place or position

niche (壁龕) [名] a shallow recess in a wall, especially one in which a statue or other object may be placed

というのも、壁は厚さ百フィート近くあり、一辺が約四十フィートの切り石で造られ、四方には実物より大きな大理石で彫られた神々や皇帝の像がそれぞれ壁龕に置かれて飾られているからだ。

I measured a little finger which had fallen down from one of these statues, and lay unperceived among some rubbish, and found it exactly four feet and an inch in length.

fall down (落ちる) [動] move or come quickly from a higher to a lower level, especially suddenly and without control

rubbish (瓦礫) [名] waste material; refuse

exactly (ちょうど) [副] precisely; accurately

four feet (四フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

私はこれらの像の一つから落ちて、瓦礫の中に埋もれていた小指を測ってみたが、長さはちょうど四フィート一インチだった。

Glumdalclitch wrapped it up in her handkerchief, and carried it home in her pocket, to keep among other trinkets, of which the girl was very fond, as children at her age usually are.

wrap up (包む) [動] cover or enclose with paper or other material

keep (保管する) [動] have or retain possession of

trinket (小物) [名] a small ornament or item of jewellery that is of little value

グルムダルクリッチはそれをハンカチに包んでポケットに入れて持ち帰り、他の小物と一緒に保管したが、この少女は同年代の子供にありがちなように、小物が大好きだった。

The king’s kitchen is indeed a noble building, vaulted at top, and about six hundred feet high.

kitchen (厨房) [名] a room or area where food is prepared and cooked

noble (立派な) [形] belonging to a hereditary class with high social or political status

vault (アーチ型) [名] an arched structure forming a ceiling or roof

王の厨房は確かに立派な建物で、天井はアーチ型で高さは約六百フィートもある。

The great oven is not so wide by ten paces as the cupola at St. Paul’s; for I measured the latter on purpose, after my return.

oven (オーブン) [名] a chamber or box for cooking or baking

pace (歩) [名] a step taken in walking

St. Paul's (聖パウロ教会) [名] a cathedral in London

cupola (円屋根) [名] a small dome

大きなオーブンは聖パウロ教会の円屋根より十歩ほど狭い。帰国後、わざわざ後者を測ったからだ。

But if I should describe the kitchen grate, the prodigious pots and kettles, the joints of meat turning on the spits, with many other particulars, perhaps I should be hardly believed;

grate (火格子) [名] a framework of metal bars used to hold a fire

pot (鍋) [名] a deep, round container with a handle, used for cooking

kettle (釜) [名] a vessel, usually made of metal, for boiling liquids

joint (塊) [名] a large piece of meat

spit (串) [名] a long, thin, pointed rod of metal or wood used for holding and cooking food over a fire

しかし、もし私が台所の火格子、巨大な鍋や釜、串に刺さって回っている肉の塊、その他多くの細かいことを説明したら、おそらく信じてもらえないだろう。

at least a severe critic would be apt to think I enlarged a little, as travelers are often suspected to do.

severe (厳しい) [形] very great; intense

critic (批評家) [名] a person who judges the merits and faults of something

apt (思う) [形] likely; liable

traveler (旅行者) [名] a person who travels

少なくとも厳しい批評家は、旅行者がよく疑われるように、私が少し誇張したと思うだろう。

To avoid which censure, I fear I have run too much into the other extreme, and that if this treatise should happen to be translated into the language of Brobdingnag (which is the general name of that kingdom), and transmitted thither, the king and his people would have reason to complain that I had done them an injury by a false and diminutive representation.

run into (走りすぎる) [動] go too far

extreme (極端) [名] the highest or lowest degree or amount of something

transmit (伝える) [動] cause to pass on from one place or person to another

representation (表現) [名] the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way

その非難を避けるために、私はあまりにも反対の極端に走りすぎたのではないかと心配している。もしこの論文がブロブディンナグ(その王国の一般名)の言葉に翻訳されて、そこに伝えられたら、王とその国民は私が偽りの小さな表現で彼らに損害を与えたと不平を言う理由があるだろう。

His majesty seldom keeps above six hundred horses in his stables;

keep (飼う) [動] have as a pet

陛下はめったに馬小屋に六百頭以上の馬を飼っていない。

they are generally from fifty-four to sixty feet high.

sixty (六十) [数] the cardinal number that is the product of six and ten

馬はたいてい五十四フィートから六十フィートの高さがある。

But when he goes abroad on solemn days, he is attended, for state, by a militia guard of five hundred horse, which indeed I thought was the most splendid sight that could be ever beheld, till I saw part of his army in battalia, whereof I shall find another occasion to speak.

go abroad (外出する) [動] travel to a foreign country

militia (民兵) [名] a military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army in an emergency

splendid (壮麗な) [形] magnificent; very impressive

battle (戦闘) [名] a fight between two or more armed forces

しかし、厳かな日に外出する時には、国家のために五百頭の馬の民兵護衛が付き添うが、これは私が今まで見た中で最も壮麗な光景だと思っていたが、彼の軍隊の一部が戦闘しているのを見るまでは、これについてはまた別の機会に話そうと思う。

CHAPTER V

第五章

SEVERAL ADVENTURES THAT HAPPENED TO THE AUTHOR—THE EXECUTION OF A CRIMINAL—THE AUTHOR SHOWS HIS SKILL IN NAVIGATION.

著者に起こったいくつかの冒険ー犯罪者の処刑ー著者は航海術の腕前を示す。

I should have lived happy enough in that country, if my littleness had not exposed me to several ridiculous and troublesome accidents;

expose (さらす) [動] make visible

troublesome (厄介な) [形] causing difficulty or problems

私の小ささが私をいくつかのばかげた厄介な事故にさらさなければ、私はその国で十分に幸せに暮らしていただろう。

some of which I shall venture to relate.

some of which (そのうちのいくつか) [名] a part of a group of things

venture (話そうと思う) [動] dare to do something new or dangerous

そのうちのいくつかを話そうと思う。

Glumdalclitch often carried me into the gardens of the court in my smaller box, and would sometimes take me out of it and hold me in her hand, or set me down to walk.

hold (抱く) [動] keep or support someone or something in one's arms or hands

グルムダルクリッチはよく私を小さな箱に入れて宮廷の庭に連れて行き、時々箱から出して手に抱いたり、歩かせたりした。

I remember, before the dwarf left the queen, he followed us one day into those gardens, and my nurse having set me down, he and I being close together, near some dwarf apple trees, I must need show my wit by a silly allusion between him and the trees, which happens to hold in their language as it does in ours.

close together (一緒に) [副] near each other

dwarf apple tree (矮性リンゴの木) [名] a small apple tree

silly (愚かな) [形] foolish or stupid

allusion (引喩) [名] an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly

小人が女王のもとを去る前に、ある日私たちの後をついて庭園に来たことを覚えている。私の乳母が私を下ろすと、彼と私はいくつかの矮性リンゴの木の近くで一緒になり、私は彼と木の間の愚かな引喩で私の機知を見せる必要があった。それはたまたま彼らの言語でも私たちの言語でも同じ意味を持つ。

Whereupon, the malicious rogue, watching his opportunity, when I was walking under one of them, shook it directly over my head, by which a dozen apples, each of them near as large as a Bristol barrel, came tumbling about my ears;

apple (リンゴ) [名] a round fruit with a green, red, or yellow skin and sweet white flesh

すると、悪意のある悪党は、私がそのうちの一本の下を歩いているときに機会をうかがって、私の頭の真上でそれを揺さぶった。それによって、それぞれがブリストル樽ほどの大きさのリンゴが十数個、私の耳の周りに転がってきた。

one of them hit me on the back as I chanced to stoop, and knocked me down flat on my face;

hit (当たる) [動] come in contact with forcefully

stoop (かがむ) [動] bend the body forward and downward

knock down (打ち付ける) [動] cause to fall to the ground

flat (地面) [名] a level surface with no raised areas

そのうちの一つが、私がたまたまかがんだときに背中に当たって、私は顔面を地面に打ち付けられた。

but I received no other hurt, and the dwarf was pardoned at my desire, because I had given the provocation.

しかし、それ以外に怪我はなく、小人は私が挑発したために私の希望で許された。

Another day, Glumdalclitch left me on a smooth grassplot to divert myself, while she walked at some distance with her governess.

another day (別の日) [名] a day other than the present one

grassplot (芝生) [名] an area of land covered with grass

herself (彼女) [代] the female person or animal previously mentioned

別の日、グルムダルクリッチは私をなだらかな芝生の上に残して、彼女が家庭教師と少し離れたところを歩いている間に、私は気を紛らわしていた。

In the meantime, there suddenly fell such a violent shower of hail, that I was immediately, by the force of it, struck to the ground;

shower (降り) [名] a brief and usually light fall of rain, hail, or sleet

hail (雹) [名] pellets of frozen rain that fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds

strike (叩きつけられる) [動] hit forcibly and deliberately with one's hand or a weapon or other implement, especially as a way of attacking someone or something

その間に、突然激しい雹が降り、私はその勢いですぐに地面に叩きつけられた。

and when I was down, the hailstones gave me such cruel bangs all over the body, as if I had been pelted with tennis balls;

when I was down (私が倒れたとき) [名] the time when I fell

hailstone (雹) [名] a small ball of ice that falls from the sky

bang (打撃) [名] a sudden loud noise

all over (全身に) [副] everywhere

tennis ball (テニスボール) [名] a ball used in the sport of tennis

pelt (投げつける) [動] hit repeatedly with small objects

私が倒れたとき、雹はまるでテニスボールを投げつけられたかのように、全身に残酷な打撃を与えた。

however, I made a shift to creep on all fours, and shelter myself by lying flat on my face on the lee side of a border of lemon-thyme;

on all fours (四つん這いになって) [副] with the hands and knees on the ground

shelter (身を隠す) [動] take shelter or refuge

lemon-thyme (レモンタイム) [名] a plant with a lemony flavor

しかし、私は四つん這いになって、レモンタイムの境界の風下側にうつ伏せになって身を隠した。

but so bruised from head to foot that I could not go abroad in ten days.

しかし、頭から足まで傷だらけで、10日間は外出できなかった。

Neither is this at all to be wondered at, because nature in that country observing the same proportion through all her operations, a hailstone is near eighteen hundred times as large as one in Europe;

be wondered at (驚く) [動] be surprised or astonished

operation (活動) [名] an action that is carried out

驚くにはあたらないのだが、この国の自然はあらゆる活動において同じ比率を保っているため、雹はヨーロッパの雹の1800倍近くの大きさになる。

which I can assert upon experience, having been so curious to weigh and measure them.

assert (断言する) [動] state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully

weigh (重さを量る) [動] measure the weight of

好奇心から重さを量ったり、大きさを測ったりしたので、経験から断言できる。

But a more dangerous accident happened to me in the same garden, when my little nurse, believing she had put me in a secure place (which I often entreated her to do, that I might enjoy my own thoughts), and having left my box at home to avoid the trouble of carrying it, went to another part of the garden with her governess and some ladies of her acquaintance.

secure (安全な) [形] free from danger or threat; not likely to fail, give way, etc.

enjoy (楽しむ) [動] take delight or pleasure in

しかし、同じ庭でもっと危険な事故が私に起こった。私の小さな看護師は、私を安全な場所に置いたと思い(私はよく彼女にそうするように頼んだので、自分の考えを楽しむことができた)、運ぶ手間を省くために箱を家に置いて、彼女の家庭教師と知り合いの女性たちと一緒に庭の別の場所に行った。

While she was absent, and out of hearing, a small white spaniel belonging to one of the chief gardeners, having got by accident into the garden, happened to range near the place where I lay: the dog following the scent, came directly up, and taking me in his mouth, ran straight to his master, wagging his tail, and set me gently on the ground.

absent (不在) [形] not present

out of (聞こえない) [前] not within the range of

chief (一人の) [形] having the highest rank or authority

gardener (庭師) [名] a person who works in a garden

spaniel (スパニエル) [名] a breed of dog

range (歩き回る) [動] move or travel over a wide area

scent (匂い) [名] a distinctive, typically pleasant smell

straight (主人のところに) [副] without a bend or curve

wag (振る) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side with small rapid movements

彼女が不在で、声が聞こえない間に、庭師の一人の小さな白いスパニエルが偶然庭に入り、私が横たわっている場所の近くを歩き回っていた。犬は匂いをたどって真っ直ぐに近づいてきて、私を口にくわえて主人のところに走り、尻尾を振りながら私をそっと地面に置いた。

By good fortune he had been so well taught, that I was carried between his teeth without the least hurt, or even tearing my clothes.

by good fortune (幸運なことに) [副] fortunately

so well (よく) [副] to a high degree or standard

between (間に) [前] at a point or in an area or interval between two or more things

幸運なことに、彼はよくしつけられていて、私は少しも傷つくことなく、服も破れることなく、彼の歯の間に運ばれた。

But the poor gardener, who knew me well, and had a great kindness for me, was in a terrible fright;

be in (~の状態にある) [動] be in a specified state

しかし、私のことをよく知っていて、とても親切にしてくれていた哀れな庭師は、ひどく驚いていた。

he gently took me up in both his hands, and asked me how I did;

彼は両手で私をそっと抱き上げ、どうしたのかと尋ねた。

but I was so amazed and out of breath, that I could not speak a word.

amazed (驚く) [形] filled with wonder or astonishment

out of breath (息も絶え絶え) [形] breathing with difficulty

しかし、私はあまりに驚き、息も絶え絶えで、一言も話すことができなかった。

In a few minutes I came to myself, and he carried me safe to my little nurse, who by this time had returned to the place where she had left me, and was in cruel agonies when I did not appear, nor answer when she called.

come to oneself (我に返る) [動] regain consciousness

数分後、私は我に返り、彼は私を無事に私の小さな看護師のところまで運んでくれたが、彼女はこの時までに私を置いていった場所に戻ってきていて、私が現れず、呼びかけにも答えないので、ひどく苦しんでいた。

She severely reprimanded the gardener on account of his dog.

severely (厳しく) [副] to a great degree

reprimand (叱る) [動] to criticize or rebuke someone in authority

彼女は庭師の犬のことで彼を厳しく叱った。

But the thing was hushed up, and never known at court, for the girl was afraid of the queen’s anger;

be hushed up (隠される) [動] be kept secret

be afraid of (恐れる) [動] be scared of

しかし、そのことは隠され、宮廷では知られることはなかったので、少女は女王の怒りを恐れていた。

and truly, as to myself, I thought it would not be for my reputation that such a story should go about.

go about (広まる) [動] become known or talked about

実際、私自身としては、そんな話が広まるのは私の名声につながらないと思った。

This accident absolutely determined Glumdalclitch never to trust me abroad for the future out of her sight.

absolutely (絶対に) [副] completely; totally

trust (行かせる) [動] to have confidence in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of

future (今後) [名] the time that is to come

この事故で、グルムダルクリッチは、今後は絶対に私を自分の目の届かないところには行かせないと決心した。

I had been long afraid of this resolution, and therefore concealed from her some little unlucky adventures that happened in those times when I was left by myself.

私は長い間この決意を恐れていたので、一人で残された時に起こったいくつかの不運な冒険を彼女に隠していた。

Once a kite, hovering over the garden, made a stoop at me, and if I had not resolutely drawn my hanger, and run under a thick espalier, he would have certainly carried me away in his talons.

kite (トンビ) [名] a large bird of prey with long wings and a forked tail

hover (舞う) [動] remain in one place in the air

stoop (襲いかかる) [動] bend forward and downward

espalier (壁面) [名] a fruit tree or shrub trained to grow flat against a wall

certainly (間違いなく) [副] without doubt

一度、庭の上を舞っていたトンビが私に襲いかかり、私が決然と剣を抜いて、厚い壁面の下を走り抜けなければ、間違いなく私を爪で連れ去っていただろう。

Another time, walking to the top of a fresh molehill, I fell to my neck in the hole through which that animal had cast up the earth, and coined some lie, not worth remembering, to excuse myself for spoiling my clothes.

another time (またある時) [名] on another occasion

fresh (できたばかりの) [形] recently produced or harvested

molehill (モグラ塚) [名] a mound of earth thrown up by a mole in digging its burrow

cast up (掘り出した) [動] throw or direct upward

earth (土) [名] the substance of the land surface; soil

coin (でっちあげる) [動] invent or devise

lie (嘘) [名] a false statement made with deliberate intent to deceive; an intentional untruth; a falsehood

spoil (汚す) [動] damage or harm

clothe (服) [名] an item of clothing

またある時、できたばかりのモグラ塚の頂上まで歩いていくと、モグラが土を掘り出した穴に首まで落ちてしまい、服を汚してしまった言い訳に、覚えておく価値もない嘘をでっちあげた。

I likewise broke my right shin against the shell of a snail, which I happened to stumble over as I was walking alone and thinking on poor England.

shin (脛) [名] the front of the leg below the knee

shell (殻) [名] the hard protective outer covering of a mollusk or crustacean

stumble (つまずく) [動] trip or catch one's foot on something and almost fall

一人で歩きながら哀れなイギリスのことを考えていると、カタツムリの殻にぶつかって右の脛を折ってしまった。

I cannot tell whether I were more pleased or mortified to observe, in those solitary walks, that the smaller birds did not appear to be at all afraid of me, but would hop about within a yard’s distance, looking for worms and other food, with as much indifference and security as if no creature at all were near them.

solitary (孤独な) [形] done or existing alone

walk (散歩) [名] the activity of going for a walk

bird (鳥) [名] a warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrate animal with feathers and wings

hop (飛び回る) [動] move by jumping on one foot

look for (探す) [動] try to find

worm (虫) [名] an animal with a long thin soft body that has no bones

indifference (無関心) [名] lack of interest or concern

こういった孤独な散歩の途中で、小さな鳥たちが私を全く恐れていないように見え、まるで近くに生き物がいないくらい無関心で安心しきって、一ヤード以内を飛び回り、虫や他の食べ物を探しているのを見かけたが、それが嬉しかったのか、悔しかったのかはわからない。

I remember, a thrush had the confidence to snatch out of my hand with his bill a piece of cake that Glumdalclitch had just given me for my breakfast.

thrush (ツグミ) [名] a small or medium-sized bird

have the confidence (自信がある) [動] be certain about one's ability to do something

bill (くちばし) [名] the beak of a bird

ツグミが、グルムダルクリッチが朝食にくれたケーキを、くちばしで私の手から奪い取ったことを覚えている。

When I attempted to catch any of these birds, they would boldly turn against me, endeavoring to pick my fingers, which I durst not venture within their reach;

boldly (大胆に) [副] in a confident and courageous manner

turn against (反撃する) [動] become hostile to

pick (つつく) [動] strike or pluck with a sharp point

venture (近づける) [動] expose to risk or danger

私がこれらの鳥を捕まえようとすると、鳥たちは大胆に私に反撃してきて、私の指をつつこうとするので、私は鳥たちの手の届く範囲に指を近づけようとはせず、

and then they would hop back unconcerned, to hunt for worms or snails as they did before.

back (戻る) [副] to the place or person that was left

unconcerned (平然と) [形] not worried or anxious

hunt (探し回る) [動] search for something

すると鳥たちは平然と飛び跳ねて戻り、以前のように虫やカタツムリを探し回った。

But one day, I took a thick cudgel, and threw it with all my strength so luckily at a linnet, that I knocked him down, and seizing him by the neck with both my hands, ran with him in triumph to my nurse.

take (持つ) [動] hold in one's hand

cudgel (棍棒) [名] a short heavy club

luckily (幸運にも) [副] by good luck

linnet (ヒワ) [名] a small brown and grey European finch

knock down (倒す) [動] cause to fall

triumph (意気揚々) [名] a great victory or achievement

しかし、ある日、私は太い棍棒を持ち、全力で投げつけたところ、幸運にもヒワに当たって倒れたので、両手で首をつかんで、意気揚々と乳母のところまで走って行った。

However, the bird, who had only been stunned, recovering himself, gave me so many boxes with his wings on both sides of my head and body, though I held him at arm’s length, and was out of the reach of his claws, that I was twenty times thinking to let him go.

stunned (気絶した) [形] shocked or surprised

give (殴りつける) [動] present as a gift

so many (何度も) [副] a lot of

box (殴りつけ) [名] a blow with the hand

hold (抱える) [動] keep in a certain position

claw (爪) [名] a curved, pointed horny nail on the foot of an animal or bird

let go (逃がす) [動] release; allow to escape

しかし、気絶しただけだった鳥は、私が腕の長さで抱えていて、爪が届かないところにいるにもかかわらず、頭と体の両側を翼で何度も殴りつけてきたので、私は20回も逃がそうと思った。

But I was soon relieved by one of our servants, who wrung off the bird’s neck, and I had him next day for dinner, by the queen’s command.

relieve (助かる) [動] make less severe or serious

wring (絞める) [動] squeeze and twist

next day (翌日) [名] the day after today

しかし、すぐに召使の一人が鳥の首を絞めてくれたので、私は助かり、翌日には女王の命令でその鳥を夕食に食べた。

This linnet, as near as I can remember, seemed to be somewhat larger than an English swan.

as near as I can remember (私の記憶では) [副] to the best of my recollection

swan (白鳥) [名] a large water bird with a long neck

このヒワは、私の記憶ではイギリスの白鳥よりも少し大きかったように思われる。

One day a young gentleman who was nephew to my nurse’s governess, came and pressed them both to see an execution.

nephew (甥) [名] the son of one's brother or sister

press (せがむ) [動] urge or entreat earnestly

ある日、私の乳母の家庭教師の甥である若い紳士がやってきて、二人に処刑を見るようにせがんだ。

It was of a man who had murdered one of that gentleman’s intimate acquaintance.

intimate (親しい) [形] having a very close relationship

murder (殺害) [動] kill someone unlawfully and with premeditation

その紳士の親しい知人の一人を殺害した男の処刑だった。

Glumdalclitch was prevailed on to be of the company, very much against her inclination, for she was naturally tender-hearted;

be prevailed on (説得される) [動] to be persuaded to do something

naturally (性質が) [副] by nature; inherently

tender-hearted (優しい) [形] easily moved to love, pity, or sorrow

グルムダルクリッチは、彼女の性質が優しいので、彼女の意思に反して、その一行に加わるように説得された。

and as for myself, although I abhorred such kind of spectacles, yet my curiosity tempted me to see something that I thought must be extraordinary.

abhor (嫌う) [動] detest; hate

spectacle (見世物) [名] a public show or display

tempt (誘う) [動] entice; attract

私自身は、そのような見世物は嫌いだったが、好奇心から、何か並外れたものがあるに違いないと思って見に行こうと思った。

The malefactor was fixed in a chair upon a scaffold erected for the purpose, and his head cut off at a blow with a sword of about forty feet long.

malefactor (犯人) [名] a person who commits a crime

scaffold (処刑台) [名] a raised platform on which criminals are executed

cut off (切る) [動] separate or remove by cutting

blow (一撃) [名] a powerful or violent stroke with a hand or weapon

犯人は、そのために建てられた処刑台の椅子に固定され、約40フィートの長さの剣で一撃で首を切られた。

The veins and arteries spouted up such a prodigious quantity of blood, and so high in the air, that the great _jet d’eau_ at Versailles was not equal for the time it lasted;

vein (静脈) [名] a blood vessel that carries blood from the body back to the heart

artery (動脈) [名] a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body

spout (噴き出す) [動] to eject or discharge something in a stream

Versailles (ヴェルサイユ) [名] a city in north central France, southwest of Paris

fountain (噴水) [名] an artificial jet or stream of water made to spout for decorative or cooling purposes

静脈と動脈から、ヴェルサイユの大きな噴水も及ばないほどの大量の血が空高く噴き出した。

and the head, when it fell on the scaffold floor, gave such a bounce as made me start, although I were at least half an English mile distant.

give (跳ね返る) [動] cause to move or be moved

bounce (跳ね返り) [名] the ability of a ball to bounce

首が処刑台の床に落ちたとき、私は少なくとも半マイル離れていたにもかかわらず、びっくりするほど跳ね返った。

The queen, who often used to hear me talk of my sea voyages, and took all occasions to divert me when I was melancholy, asked me whether I understood how to handle a sail or an oar, and whether a little exercise of rowing might not be convenient for my health.

take occasion (機会をとらえる) [動] seize an opportunity

divert (慰める) [動] turn from one course or use to another

handle (扱う) [動] to deal with or manage

rowing (ボートを漕ぐ) [名] the sport or activity of propelling a boat with oars

convenient (良い) [形] suitable or favorable

女王は、私が海の旅の話をするのをよく聞いていて、私が憂鬱な時にはあらゆる機会に私を慰めてくれたが、帆やオールの扱い方を理解しているかどうか、また、少しボートを漕ぐ運動が私の健康に良いのではないかと尋ねた。

I answered that I understood both very well;

私はどちらもよく理解していると答えた。

for although my proper employment had been to be surgeon or doctor to the ship, yet often, upon a pinch, I was forced to work like a common mariner.

proper (本業) [形] belonging to oneself

doctor (医者) [名] a person qualified to practice medicine

pinch (ピンチ) [名] a situation in which there is not enough of something

mariner (船員) [名] a person who works on a ship

私の本業は船の外科医や医者だったが、いざという時には普通の船員のように働かざるを得なかったからだ。

But I could not see how this could be done in their country, where the smallest wherry was equal to a first-rate man of war among us;

could not see (理解できなかった) [動] be unable to understand

be done (できる) [動] be possible or feasible

smallest (一番小さな) [形] of the least size or extent

wherry (小舟) [名] a light boat used for carrying passengers on a river

first-rate (第一級の) [形] of the highest quality

しかし、この国では、一番小さな小舟でも私たちの国の第一級の軍艦に匹敵する大きさなので、どうやってそれができるのか私には理解できなかった。

and such a boat as I could manage would never live in any of their rivers.

manage (操縦できる) [動] be in charge of or responsible for

live (浮かぶ) [動] be able to float

それに、私が操縦できるような船は、この国のどの川でも絶対に浮かばないだろう。

Her majesty said, if I would contrive a boat, her own joiner should make it, and she would provide a place for me to sail in.

joiner (大工) [名] a craftsman who makes and repairs wooden structures and their structural parts

make (造る) [動] cause to exist or come to pass

女王陛下は、もし私が船を設計するなら、女王陛下の大工がそれを造り、私が航海できる場所を提供してくれると仰った。

The fellow was an ingenious workman, and by my instructions, in ten days finished a pleasure boat, with all its tackling, able conveniently to hold eight Europeans.

ingenious (器用な) [形] clever, original, and inventive

instruction (指示) [名] a direction or order

pleasure boat (遊覧船) [名] a boat used for recreation

tackle (索具) [名] the equipment used in a sport or other activity

その男は器用な職人で、私の指示通りに、十日で、ヨーロッパ人八人を楽に乗せられる遊覧船を、索具もろとも完成させた。

When it was finished, the queen was so delighted that she ran with it in her lap to the king, who ordered it to be put in a cistern full of water, with me in it, by way of trial, where I could not manage my two sculls or little oars for want of room.

cistern (水槽) [名] a tank for storing water

trial (試し) [名] a test of the performance, qualities, or truth of something

scull (櫂) [名] an oar used at the stern of a boat

完成すると、女王は大変喜んで、それを抱えて王のところまで走って行き、王は試しに、水をいっぱいに入れた水槽に私を乗せて船を浮かべるように命じたが、そこでは場所がなくて、私は二本の櫂を操縦することができなかった。

But the queen had before contrived another project.

しかし、女王はすでに別の計画を立てていた。

She ordered the joiner to make a wooden trough of three hundred feet long, fifty broad, and eight deep;

wooden (木製の) [形] made of wood

trough (桶) [名] a long, narrow, open container used for holding water or food for animals

女王は大工に、長さ三百フィート、幅五十フィート、深さ八フィートの木製の桶を作るように命じた。

which being well pitched to prevent leaking, was placed on the floor along the wall, in an outer room of the palace.

leak (漏れる) [動] (of a liquid) escape or drip slowly from a hole or crack

桶は水漏れを防ぐためにピッチを塗られ、宮殿の外側の部屋の壁に沿って床に置かれた。

It had a cock near the bottom to let out the water when it began to grow stale;

cock (栓) [名] a device for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe, duct, etc., especially an externally operated valve

let out (抜く) [動] allow to go out

桶の底には、水が腐り始めたら水を抜くための栓があった。

and two servants could easily fill it in half an hour.

桶は召使二人が三十分で簡単に満たすことができた。

Here I often used to row for my own diversion, as well as that of the queen and her ladies, who thought themselves well entertained with my skill and agility.

私はここでよく自分の気晴らしのために、また女王や女官たちの気晴らしのためにボートを漕いだが、女王や女官たちは私の技と敏捷さに大いに楽しんでいるようだった。

Sometimes I would put up my sail, and then my business was only to steer, while the ladies gave me a gale with their fans;

put up (張る) [動] to erect or construct

steer (操縦する) [動] to guide the course of a ship or vehicle

fan (扇) [名] a device for creating a current of air

時々私は帆を張り、女官たちが扇で風を送ってくれるので、私の仕事はただ操縦するだけだった。

and when they were weary, some of the pages would blow my sail forward with their breath, while I showed my art by steering starboard or larboard as I pleased.

larboard (左舷) [名] the left-hand side of a ship or aircraft when facing forward

please (自由自在) [動] cause to feel happy or satisfied

女官たちが疲れると、小姓たちが息で帆を吹き、私は右舷や左舷を自由自在に操縦して技を披露した。

When I had done, Glumdalclitch always carried back my boat into her closet, and hung it on a nail to dry.

when I had done (私が終わると) [接] at or after the time that

carry back (運び戻す) [動] take or bring back

hang (掛ける) [動] be suspended or held up

私が終わると、いつもグルムダルクリッチが私のボートを彼女の部屋に運び、乾かすために釘に掛けた。

In this exercise I once met an accident which had like to have cost me my life;

in this exercise (この運動中に) [名] during this exercise

meet (遭う) [動] come across or encounter

cost (落とす) [動] cause the loss of

この運動中に、私は一度命を落としそうになった事故に遭った。

for, one of the pages having put my boat into the trough, the governess who attended Glumdalclitch very officiously lifted me up, to place me in the boat;

officiously (おせっかいに) [副] in an intrusive or interfering manner

小姓の一人が私のボートを水槽に入れ、グルムダルクリッチに付き添っていた女家庭教師が、私をボートに乗せようと、とてもおせっかいに私を持ち上げようとした。

but I happened to slip through her fingers, and should have infallibly fallen down forty feet, upon the floor, if by the luckiest chance in the world I had not been stopped by a corking-pin that stuck in the good gentlewoman’s stomacher;

slip through (滑り落ちる) [動] to move or pass through something quickly and easily

luckiest (一番幸運な) [形] having, bringing, or resulting from good luck

stop (引っかかる) [動] to prevent from moving, going, or doing something

corking-pin (コルク栓抜きのピン) [名] a pin used to open a bottle of wine

stomacher (胸当て) [名] an ornamental covering for the front of a woman's dress

ところが、私は彼女の指の間から滑り落ち、もしこの世で一番幸運なことに、この善良な婦人の胸当てに刺さっていたコルク栓抜きのピンに引っかからなければ、間違いなく四十フィート下の床に落ちていただろう。

the head of the pin passed between my shirt and the waistband of my breeches, and thus I was held by the middle in the air till Glumdalclitch ran to my relief.

waistband (ウエストバンド) [名] a band of fabric forming the upper edge of a pair of trousers or a skirt

ピンの頭が私のシャツとズボンのウエストバンドの間に挟まり、グルムダルクリッチが助けに来るまで、私は空中で真ん中を支えられた。

Another time, one of the servants, whose office it was to fill my trough every third day with fresh water, was so careless to let a huge frog (not perceiving it) slip out of his pail.

one of (一人) [名] a member of a group

every third day (三日に一度) [名] once every three days

so careless (うっかり) [形] not giving sufficient attention or care

huge (大きな) [形] very large

frog (蛙) [名] an amphibian with a smooth moist skin and long strong legs with webbed feet

not perceiving (気づかずに) [動] not notice or realize

slip out (滑り落とす) [動] move or cause to move smoothly and quickly

またある時、三日に一度私の水槽に真水を入れる役目だった召使の一人が、うっかり大きな蛙を(気づかずに)桶から滑り落としてしまった。

The frog lay concealed till I was put into my boat, but then, seeing a resting place, climbed up, and made it lean so much on one side, that I was forced to balance it with all my weight on the other, to prevent overturning.

lie concealed (隠れる) [動] be hidden from view

resting place (休憩場所) [名] a place where someone or something rests

lean (傾く) [動] be in or move into a sloping position

one side (片側) [名] one of the two parts of something that are on opposite sides of a central line

その蛙は私がボートに乗せられるまで隠れていたが、休憩場所を見つけると、登ってきて、片側に大きく傾いてしまったので、私は転覆しないように、反対側に全重量をかけてバランスを取らざるを得なかった。

When the frog was got in, it hopped at once half the length of the boat, and then over my head, backwards and forwards, daubing my face and clothes with its odious slime.

get in (中に入る) [動] enter

at once (すぐに) [副] immediately

over (上を) [前] above or across

forwards (前に) [副] in a direction that is in front of you or in the direction that you are facing

daub (汚す) [動] smear with a sticky substance

odious (嫌な) [形] extremely unpleasant

slime (ぬめり) [名] a moist, sticky substance

蛙は中に入ると、すぐに船の半分の長さを跳び、それから私の頭の上を前後に跳び回り、私の顔や服をその嫌なぬめりで汚した。

The largeness of its features made it appear the most deformed animal that can be conceived.

その特徴の大きさは、それが想像できる最も奇形の動物に見えるようにした。

However, I desired Glumdalclitch to let me deal with it alone.

deal with (対処する) [動] to take action in order to deal with or solve a problem

しかし、私はグルムダルクリッチに一人でやらせてほしいと頼んだ。

I banged it a good while with one of my sculls, and at last forced it to leap out of the boat.

bang (叩く) [動] hit or strike hard and noisily

私はオールの1本でしばらくそれを叩き、ついに船から飛び出させた。

But the greatest danger I ever underwent in that kingdom was from a monkey, who belonged to one of the clerks of the kitchen.

monkey (猿) [名] a primate mammal with a long tail and large ears

belong (飼う) [動] be owned by

clerk (書記官) [名] an office worker who keeps records, accounts, or other documents

しかし、私がこの国で経験した最大の危険は、台所の書記官の1人が飼っていた猿から受けたものだ。

Glumdalclitch had locked me up in her closet, while she went somewhere upon business, or a visit.

lock up (閉じ込める) [動] confine or imprison

go somewhere (どこかへ行く) [動] go to an unspecified place

グルムダルクリッチは私を彼女のクローゼットに閉じ込め、仕事か訪問でどこかへ行ってしまった。

The weather being very warm, the closet window was left open, as well as the windows and door of my bigger box, in which I usually lived, because of its largeness and conveniency.

weather (天候) [名] the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place

warm (暖かい) [形] having or giving out heat to a moderate or slight degree

leave open (開け放たれる) [動] to leave a door or window open

conveniency (便利さ) [名] the quality of being convenient

天候がとても暖かかったので、クローゼットの窓は開け放たれ、私が普段住んでいる大きな箱の窓やドアも開け放たれていた。

As I sat quietly meditating at my table, I heard something bounce in at the closet window, and skip about from one side to the other;

quietly (静かに) [副] making little or no noise

meditate (瞑想する) [動] engage in mental exercise (such as concentration on one's breathing or repetition of a mantra) for the purpose of reaching a heightened level of spiritual awareness

bounce (跳ね返る) [動] move quickly and erratically

skip (飛び跳ねる) [動] move or cause to move with light, rapid steps, hops, or leaps

私がテーブルで静かに瞑想していると、クローゼットの窓から何かが跳ね返り、左右に飛び跳ねる音が聞こえた。

whereat, although I was much alarmed, yet I ventured to look out, but stirred not from my seat;

be alarmed (驚く) [動] be surprised or shocked

look out (覗く) [動] look through a window or opening

かなり驚いたが、私は思い切って外を覗いてみたが、席から動かなかった。

and then I saw this frolicsome animal frisking and leaping up and down, till at last he came to my box, which he seemed to view with great pleasure and curiosity, peeping in at the door and every window.

frolicsome (陽気な) [形] playful

frisk (跳ね回る) [動] move or jump about playfully

pleasure (楽しそうに) [名] a feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment

peep (覗き込む) [動] look quickly or furtively

すると、この陽気な動物が跳ね回り、上下に飛び跳ねているのが見えた。やがて私の箱のところまで来ると、ドアや窓から中を覗き込んで、とても楽しそうに好奇心旺盛に眺めているようだった。

I retreated to the farther corner of my room, or box;

retreat (退く) [動] move back or withdraw

farther (隅) [形] more distant in space or time

私は部屋の、つまり箱の隅に退いた。

but the monkey, looking in at every side, put me into such a fright, that I wanted presence of mind to conceal myself under the bed, as I might easily have done.

look in (覗き込む) [動] look inside

every side (四方八方) [名] all directions

want (欠く) [動] lack or be short of

しかし、猿が四方八方から覗き込んでくるので、私はとても怖くなり、簡単にできたはずのベッドの下に隠れるという機転が利かなかった。

After some time spent in peeping, grinning, and chattering, he at last espied me;

grin (ニヤニヤ笑う) [動] smile broadly

chatter (おしゃべりする) [動] talk rapidly and incessantly

しばらく覗き込み、ニヤニヤ笑い、おしゃべりした後、ついに私を見つけた。

and reaching one of his paws in at the door, as a cat does when she plays with a mouse, although I often shifted place to avoid him, he at length seized the lappet of my coat (which being made of that country cloth, was very thick and strong) and dragged me out.

paw (前足) [名] the foot of an animal having claws and pads

猫がネズミと遊ぶときのように、片方の前足をドアから差し込んできて、私は避けようと何度も場所を変えたが、ついに私の上着の襟(この国の布で作られていて、とても厚くて丈夫だった)をつかんで、私を引きずり出した。

He took me up in his right forefoot, and held me as a nurse does a child she is going to suckle, just as I have seen the same sort of creature do with a kitten in Europe; and when I offered to struggle, he squeezed me so hard, that I thought it more prudent to submit.

forefoot (前足) [名] the front part of the foot

suckle (乳を飲ませる) [動] feed from the breast

squeeze (抱きしめる) [動] apply pressure to from both sides

hard (強く) [副] with a great deal of force or strength

彼は私を右前足で抱き上げ、乳母が乳を飲ませようとする子供を抱くように抱きかかえたが、これはヨーロッパで同じ種類の生き物が子猫を抱くのを見たのと同じだった。私がもがこうとしたとき、彼は私を強く抱きしめたので、私は従った方が賢明だと思った。

I have good reason to believe that he took me for a young one of his own species, by his often stroking my face very gently with his other paw.

species (種) [名] a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding

彼が私を自分の種の子供だと思ったと信じるに足る理由がある。彼はよくもう片方の前足で私の顔をとても優しくなでていたからだ。

In these diversions he was interrupted by a noise at the closet door, as if somebody were opening it;

こうした気晴らしの最中に、誰かが開けようとしているのか、クローゼットのドアから音がして中断された。

whereupon he suddenly leaped up to the window at which he had come in, and thence upon the leads and gutters, walking upon three legs, and holding me in the fourth, till he clambered up to a roof that was next to ours.

leap up (飛び上がる) [動] jump up

lead (鉛) [名] a soft, heavy, toxic, malleable, ductile, grayish metal

gutter (雨どい) [名] a channel for carrying off rainwater

clamber up (よじ登る) [動] climb with difficulty

すると彼は突然、入ってきた窓に飛び上がり、そこから三本足で歩き、四本目で私を抱えながら、隣の屋根に登るまで、鉛と雨どいの上を歩いた。

I heard Glumdalclitch give a shriek at the moment he was carrying me out.

shriek (悲鳴) [名] a high-pitched piercing cry

moment (瞬間) [名] a very brief period of time

彼が私を連れ出した瞬間に、グルムダルクリッチが悲鳴を上げるのを聞いた。

The poor girl was almost distracted;

distracted (気が狂いそう) [形] unable to concentrate or give attention

かわいそうな娘はほとんど気が狂いそうだった。

that quarter of the palace was all in an uproar;

quarter (一角) [名] one of four equal parts

uproar (大騒ぎ) [名] a state of noisy confusion

宮殿のその一角は大騒ぎになった。

the servants ran for ladders;

召使たちは梯子を取りに走った。

the monkey was seen by hundreds in the court, sitting upon the ridge of a building, holding me like a baby in one of his forepaws, and feeding me with the other, by cramming into my mouth some victuals he had squeezed out of the bag on one side of his chaps, and patting me when I would not eat;

be seen by (に見られていた) [動] be perceived or noticed by

ridge (棟) [名] a long narrow hilltop

forepaw (前足) [名] the front foot of a quadruped

cram (押し込む) [動] pack or force something into a small space

squeeze (絞り出す) [動] extract or force out by applying pressure

chap (頬) [名] either of the two sides of the face below the eyes

pat (撫でる) [動] stroke or tap gently with the hand

宮廷の何百人もの人々が、猿が建物の棟に座り、私を赤ん坊のように前足の片方で抱き、もう片方の手で、頬の片側にある袋から絞り出した食べ物を私の口に押し込んで食べさせ、私が食べないと私を撫でているのを見たという。

whereat many of the rabble below could not forbear laughing;

それを見た下にいる群衆の多くは笑いをこらえることができなかった。

neither do I think they justly ought to be blamed, for, without question, the sight was ridiculous enough to everybody but myself.

justly (正当に) [副] in a just manner

ought to (べきである) [助] should

blame (非難する) [動] express disapproval of or disappointment with

without question (疑いなく) [副] certainly

everybody (誰もが) [名] every person

彼らを非難するのは正当ではないと思う。なぜなら、疑いなく、その光景は私以外の誰にとっても十分に滑稽だったからだ。

Some of the people threw up stones, hoping to drive the monkey down;

throw up (投げつける) [動] to throw something upwards

drive (追い払う) [動] to cause to move or be moved in a specified way, especially by using force

何人かの人々は猿を追い払おうと石を投げつけた。

but this was strictly forbidden, or else very probably my brains had been dashed out.

else (さもなければ) [接] if not; otherwise

dash (粉々になる) [動] break or cause to break into pieces

しかし、これは厳しく禁じられていた。さもなければ、私の脳みそは粉々になっていただろう。

The ladders were now applied, and mounted by several men: which the monkey observing, and finding himself almost encompassed, not being able to make speed enough with his three legs, let me drop on a ridge tile, and made his escape.

encompass (包囲する) [動] surround

make (出す) [動] produce

speed (速度) [名] the rate at which someone or something moves or operates, or with which something happens or changes

梯子がかけられて、何人かの男が登ってきた。猿はそれを見ると、自分がほとんど包囲されていることに気づき、三本足では十分な速度が出せないと悟って、私を棟瓦の上に落として逃げてしまった。

Here I sat for some time, three hundred yards from the ground, expecting every moment to be blown down by the wind, or to fall by my own giddiness, and come tumbling over and over from the ridge to the eaves;

three hundred yards (三百ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches

every moment (今にも) [名] at any time; very soon

be blown down (吹き飛ばされる) [動] be destroyed or knocked over by the wind

giddiness (めまい) [名] a feeling of dizziness or lightheadedness

come tumbling over and over (何度も転げ落ちる) [動] fall or roll over and over

eaves (軒先) [名] the edge of a roof that projects beyond the side of a building

私はしばらくここに座っていたが、地面から三百ヤードも離れていたので、今にも風に吹き飛ばされたり、めまいで落ちて、棟から軒先まで何度も転げ落ちるのではないかと心配していた。

but an honest lad, one of my nurse’s footmen, climbed up, and putting me into his breeches pocket, brought me down safe.

lad (若者) [名] a young man

footman (従者) [名] a male servant who attends the door, waits at table, or runs errands

しかし、私の乳母の従者の一人である正直な若者が登ってきて、私をズボンのポケットに入れて、無事に降ろしてくれた。

I was almost choked with the filthy stuff the monkey had crammed down my throat;

choke (窒息する) [動] have difficulty breathing

filthy (汚い) [形] very dirty

stuff (物) [名] an unspecified object

throat (喉) [名] the passage that leads from the back of the mouth to the stomach

私は猿が喉に押し込んだ汚い物で窒息しそうになった。

but my dear little nurse picked it out of my mouth with a small needle, and then I fell a-vomiting, which gave me great relief.

pick out (取り出す) [動] to choose or select

fall (催す) [動] to move from a higher to a lower position

vomiting (吐き気) [名] the involuntary, forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth

しかし、私の愛する小さな乳母が小さな針で口から取り出してくれたので、私は吐き気を催し、とても楽になった。

Yet I was so weak and bruised in the sides with the squeezes given me by this odious animal, that I was forced to keep my bed a fortnight.

bruise (傷) [名] an injury in which the skin is not broken but is discolored by a blow or impact

それでも、私はこの憎しみに満ちた動物に押しつぶされて、とても弱り、脇腹に傷を負っていたので、二週間も寝たきりになってしまった。

The king, queen, and all the court sent every day to inquire after my health;

queen (女王様) [名] a female monarch

inquire (気遣う) [動] ask about something

王様、女王様、そして宮廷の皆さんは毎日私の健康を気遣ってくださった。

and her majesty made me several visits during my sickness.

女王陛下は私の病気の間に何度か訪問してくださった。

The monkey was killed, and an order made that no such animal should be kept about the palace.

猿は殺され、宮殿の周辺にそのような動物を飼ってはならないという命令が出された。

When I attended the king after my recovery, to return him thanks for his favors, he was pleased to rally me a good deal upon this adventure.

return (申し上げる) [動] give, send, or put back

rally (からかう) [動] tease or make fun of

回復後、王様にお会いして、ご好意に対するお礼を申し上げたところ、王様はこの冒険について私を大いにからかわれた。

He asked me what my thoughts and speculations were while I lay in the monkey’s paw, how I liked the victuals he gave me, his manner of feeding, and whether the fresh air on the roof had sharpened my stomach.

speculation (思索) [名] the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence

paw (手) [名] the foot having claws and pads of an animal

like (気に入る) [動] find agreeable or attractive

sharpen (旺盛にする) [動] make or become keen

王様は、私が猿の手に横たわっている間にどんなことを考えていたのか、猿がくれた食べ物はどうだったのか、猿の食べさせ方はどうだったのか、屋根の上の新鮮な空気で食欲が旺盛になったのか、と尋ねられた。

He desired to know what I would have done upon such an occasion in my own country.

desire (知りたがっていた) [動] want to know or learn

occasion (こんなこと) [名] a particular event, ceremony, or happening

王様は、私の国でこんなことが起こったらどうするか知りたがっていた。

I told his majesty, that in Europe we had no monkeys except such as were brought for curiosities from other places, and so small that I could deal with a dozen of them together, if they presumed to attack me.

deal with (相手にする) [動] take care of or manage

私は陛下に、ヨーロッパには他の場所から珍品として持ち込まれたもの以外に猿はいないし、もし私を襲おうとしても、私が一度に十数匹を相手にできるほど小さいことを申し上げた。

And as for that monstrous animal with whom I was so lately engaged (it was indeed as large as an elephant), if my fears had suffered me to think so far as to make use of my hanger (looking fiercely and clapping my hand upon the hilt as I spoke) when he poked his paw into my chamber, perhaps I should have given him such a wound as would have made him glad to withdraw it with more haste than he put it in.

so lately (つい先日まで) [副] very recently

as large as (ほどの大きさ) [前] the same size as

poke (突っ込む) [動] push or jab with a pointed object

withdraw (引っ込める) [動] take back or away

haste (急いで) [名] excessive speed or urgency of movement or action; hurry

put in (突っ込む) [動] insert or introduce

そして、私がつい先日まで関わっていたあの怪物のような動物(実際、象ほどの大きさだった)については、もし私の恐怖心が、私の部屋に足を突っ込んできたときに、私のハンガー(私が話している間、激しく見回して、柄を叩いていた)を使うことを考えるまで私を苦しめていれば、おそらく私は、彼がそれを突っ込んだよりももっと急いでそれを引っ込めることを喜んでしまうような傷を彼に与えていただろう。

This I delivered in a firm tone, like a person who was jealous lest his courage should be called in question.

firm (断固とした) [形] strong or definite

私は、自分の勇気が疑われるのを恐れる人のように、断固とした口調でこれを述べた。

However, my speech produced nothing else besides a loud laughter, which all the respect due to his majesty from those about him could not make them contain.

produce (生み出す) [動] make or create

else (以外) [副] other than; besides

laughter (笑い) [名] the action or sound of laughing

contain (抑える) [動] control; restrain

しかし、私のスピーチは大笑い以外には何も生み出さず、周囲の人々が陛下に抱く敬意のすべてをもってしても、彼らを抑えることができなかった。

This made me reflect how vain an attempt it is for a man to endeavor doing himself honor among those who are out of all degree of equality or comparison with him.

equality (平等) [名] the state of being equal

このことから、人間が自分と平等でも比較の対象にもならない人々の中で名誉を得ようと努力することがいかに無駄なことかを痛感させられた。

And yet I have seen the moral of my own behavior very frequently in England since my return;

very frequently (非常に頻繁に) [副] very often

それでも私は帰国以来、イギリスで自分の行動の教訓を非常に頻繁に見てきた。

where a little contemptible varlet, without the least title to birth, person, wit, or common sense, shall presume to look with importance, and put himself upon a foot with the greatest persons of the kingdom.

person (人格) [名] the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character

common sense (常識) [名] sound and prudent judgment based on a simple perception of the situation or facts

look with importance (尊大な態度を取る) [動] to behave as if one is more important than one really is

put oneself upon a foot (同等の立場に立とうとする) [動] to try to be equal to someone or something

生まれ、人格、機知、常識のいずれも持ち合わせていない、卑劣な小悪党が、尊大な態度を取って、王国で最も偉大な人々と同等の立場に立とうとするのである。

CHAPTER VI

第六章

SEVERAL CONTRIVANCES OF THE AUTHOR TO PLEASE THE KING AND QUEEN—HE SHOWS HIS SKILL IN MUSIC—THE KING INQUIRES INTO THE STATE OF EUROPE, WHICH THE AUTHOR RELATES TO HIM—THE KING’S OBSERVATIONS THEREON.

SEVERAL CONTRIVANCES OF THE AUTHOR TO PLEASE THE KING AND QUEEN (国王と女王を喜ばせるための著者の様々な工夫) [名] the author's various devices to please the king and queen

SHOWS HIS SKILL IN MUSIC (音楽の腕前を披露する) [動] shows his skill in music

THE KING INQUIRES INTO THE STATE OF EUROPE (国王はヨーロッパの情勢を尋ねる) [名] the king inquires into the state of Europe

THE AUTHOR RELATES TO HIM (著者はそれに答える) [動] the author relates to him

THE KING’S OBSERVATIONS THEREON (国王の見解) [名] the king's observations thereon

国王と女王を喜ばせるための著者の様々な工夫ー彼は音楽の腕前を披露するー国王はヨーロッパの情勢を尋ね、著者はそれに答えるー国王の見解。

I used to attend the king’s levee once or twice a week, and had often seen him under the barber’s hand, which indeed was at first very terrible to behold;

levee (朝廷) [名] a reception held by a king or queen

once or twice (一度か二度) [副] one or two times

barber (床屋) [名] a person who cuts men's hair and shaves or trims beards

私は週に一度か二度、国王の朝廷に出席していたが、国王が床屋の手入れを受けているのをよく見かけた。

for the razor was almost twice as long as an ordinary scythe.

カミソリは普通の大鎌の倍近くの長さだったからだ。

His majesty, according to the custom of the country, was only shaved twice a week.

国王陛下は、この国の習慣に従って、週に二回しか髭を剃らなかった。

I once prevailed on the barber to give me some of the suds or lather, out of which I picked forty or fifty of the strongest stumps of hair.

prevail on (頼む) [動] persuade or induce

suds (石鹸の泡) [名] soapy water

lather (石鹸の泡) [名] a froth of soap and water

pick (選び出す) [動] choose or select

私は一度、床屋に頼んで石鹸の泡を分けてもらい、その中から最も丈夫な毛を四十本か五十本ほど選び出した。

I then took a piece of fine wood, and cut it like the back of a comb, making several holes in it at equal distance with as small a needle as I could get from Glumdalclitch.

make (開ける) [動] cause to exist or happen

それから上質の木片を取って、それを櫛の背のように切り、グルムダルクリッチから手に入れた針の中で一番小さいもので、等間隔に穴をいくつか開けた。

I fixed in the stumps so artificially, scraping and sloping them with my knife towards the points, that I made a very tolerable comb;

artificially (巧みに) [副] in a way that is not natural or real

scrape (削る) [動] move a sharp or rough object across (a surface)

slope (傾斜をつける) [動] be at an angle

毛を巧みに差し込み、ナイフで先端に向かって削って傾斜をつけ、かなり使える櫛を作った。

which was a seasonable supply, my own being so much broken in the teeth that it was almost useless:

seasonable (ちょうどいい) [形] suitable for the season

supply (補充) [名] the amount of something that is available

my own (私の) [代] belonging to or connected with the speaker

broken (折れる) [動] separate into pieces as a result of impact or stress

useless (使い物にならない) [形] not fulfilling or not expected to achieve the intended purpose or desired outcome

私の櫛は歯が折れてほとんど使い物にならなかったので、これはちょうどいい補充となった。

neither did I know any artist in that country so nice and exact, as would undertake to make me another.

nice (親切) [形] kind or pleasant

それに、この国には私にもう一つ作ってくれるほど親切で正確な職人はいなかった。

And this puts me in mind of an amusement wherein I spent many of my leisure hours.

put in mind (思い出させる) [動] cause to remember

amusement (遊び) [名] something that provides entertainment or enjoyment

これで思い出したが、私は余暇の多くをある遊びに費やした。

I desired the queen’s woman to save for me the combings of her majesty’s hair, whereof in time I got a good quantity;

save (取っておく) [動] keep for future use

combing (梳いた毛) [名] the action of combing something

quantity (かなりの量) [名] a particular amount of something

私は女王の侍女に女王陛下の髪の毛を梳いたときに抜けた毛を取っておいてくれるように頼み、やがてかなりの量が集まった。

and consulting with my friend the cabinetmaker, who had received general orders to do little jobs for me,

general order (一般命令) [名] a command that applies to all members of a group

little job (小さな仕事) [名] a task that is not very important or difficult

私のために小さな仕事をするよう一般命令を受けていた友人の家具職人と相談し、

I directed him to make two chair frames, no larger than those I had in my box, and to bore little holes with a fine awl round those parts where I designed the backs and seats;

awl (錐) [名] a pointed hand tool for piercing holes, especially in leather

私が箱に持っているものより大きくない椅子の枠を二つ作り、背もたれと座面の部分に細い錐で小さな穴を開けるように指示した。

through these holes I wove the strongest hairs I could pick out, just after the manner of cane chairs in England.

weave (編み込む) [動] form by interlacing strands

私はこの穴に、イギリスの籐椅子と同じように、選び出した一番丈夫な髪の毛を編み込んだ。

When they were finished, I made a present of them to her majesty, who kept them in her cabinet, and used to show them for curiosities, as indeed they were the wonder of every one that beheld them.

make a present of (献上する) [動] give as a gift

cabinet (部屋) [名] a small room, usually with shelves or drawers, used for storing or displaying articles

完成すると、私はそれを女王陛下に献上し、女王はそれを自分の部屋に置いて、珍品として見せびらかしていたが、実際、それを見た人は誰もが驚嘆していた。

The queen would have me sit upon one of these chairs, but I absolutely refused to obey her, protesting I would rather die a thousand deaths than place part of my body on those precious hairs that once adorned her majesty’s head.

have (座らせる) [動] cause to be in a specified state

refuse (拒む) [動] indicate or show that one is not willing to do something

precious (貴重な) [形] of great value or worth

女王は私をこの椅子の一つに座らせようとしたが、私は絶対に従わず、かつて女王陛下の頭を飾っていた貴重な髪の毛の上に体の一部を置くくらいなら、千回死んだ方がましだと抗議した。

Of these hairs (as I had always a mechanical genius) I likewise made a neat little purse about five feet long, with her majesty’s name deciphered in gold letters, which I gave to Glumdalclitch by the queen’s consent.

as (なので) [接] for the reason that; because

mechanical (機械の) [形] relating to or caused by a machine or mechanism

neat (きれいな) [形] tidy, clean, or smart

with (で) [前] using

decipher (解読する) [動] convert from code into ordinary language

which (それを) [代] the thing previously mentioned

give (贈る) [動] freely transfer the possession of

to (に) [前] for the benefit of

私はこの髪の毛で(私はいつも機械の天才だったので)、長さ約五フィートのきれいな小さな財布を作り、女王陛下の名前を金文字で解読して、女王の同意を得てグルムダルクリッチに贈った。

To say the truth, it was more for show than use, being not of strength to bear the weight of the larger coins, and therefore she kept nothing in it but some little toys that girls are fond of.

to say the truth (実を言うと) [句] to be honest

more for show than use (実用というよりは見かけ倒し) [句] more for appearance than for use

bear (耐える) [動] to carry or support

fond of (好む) [句] to like something or someone a lot

実を言うと、それは大きな硬貨の重さに耐える強度がなかったので、実用というよりは見かけ倒しであり、そのため彼女は女の子が好む小さなおもちゃ以外は何も入れていなかった。

The king, who delighted in music, had frequent concerts at court, to which I was sometimes carried, and set in my box on a table to hear them;

delight in (愛好する) [動] take great pleasure in

music (音楽) [名] the art or science of combining vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion

concert (演奏会) [名] a musical performance given in public, typically by several performers or of several compositions

音楽を愛好する国王は、宮廷で頻繁に演奏会を開き、私も時々連れて行かれ、箱に入れられてテーブルの上に置かれ、演奏を聴かされた。

but the noise was so great that I could hardly distinguish the tunes.

しかし、あまりに音が大きくて、私はほとんど曲を聞き分けることができなかった。

I am confident that all the drums and trumpets of a royal army, beating and sounding together just at your ears, could not equal it.

be confident (確信している) [動] to be certain of something

trumpet (トランペット) [名] a brass musical instrument with a flared bell and a bright, penetrating tone

beat (鳴り響く) [動] to make a rhythmic sound

sound (鳴り響く) [動] to make or cause to make a noise

王国軍のすべての太鼓とトランペットが、あなたの耳元で一緒に鳴り響いたとしても、それには及ばないと確信している。

My practice was to have my box removed from the places where the performers sat, as far as I could, then to shut the doors and windows of it, and draw the window curtains, after which I found their music not disagreeable.

have something removed (移動させる) [動] cause something to be taken away

performer (演奏者) [名] a person who performs

draw (閉める) [動] move a curtain so as to leave no space or gap

私の習慣は、演奏者が座っている場所からできるだけ遠くに箱を移動させ、ドアと窓を閉め、窓のカーテンを閉めることだったが、そうすると彼らの音楽は不快ではなかった。

I had learned in my youth to play a little upon the spinet.

play (弾く) [動] perform music on a musical instrument

spinet (スピネット) [名] a small harpsichord with only one keyboard

私は若い頃にスピネットを少し弾けるようになった。

Glumdalclitch kept one in her chamber, and a master attended twice a week to teach her.

グルムダルクリッチは自分の部屋にスピネットを置いていて、週に2回、師匠が彼女に教えに来ていた。

I call it a spinet, because it somewhat resembled that instrument, and was played upon in the same manner.

instrument (楽器) [名] a tool for producing musical sounds

スピネットと呼んでいるのは、その楽器に似ていて、同じように演奏されるからだ。

A fancy came into my head that I would entertain the king and queen with an English tune upon this instrument.

come into one's head (浮かぶ) [動] to suddenly think of something

fancy (空想) [名] a fanciful idea

tune (曲) [名] a melody or air

私の頭に、この楽器でイギリスの曲を演奏して王と女王を楽しませようという空想が浮かんだ。

But this appeared extremely difficult;

しかし、これは非常に難しいことだった。

for the spinet was near sixty feet long, each key being almost a foot wide, so that with my arms extended I could not reach to above five keys, and to press them down required a good smart stroke with my fist, which would be too great a labor and to no purpose.

sixty feet (60フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

key (鍵盤) [名] a lever that is depressed to play a musical instrument

press (押す) [動] exert force on

down (下ろす) [副] to or in a lower place or position

good (強い) [形] to a high standard; of high quality

smart (強い) [形] forceful; sharp

stroke (叩く) [名] an act of hitting someone or something

which (これは) [代] the thing that

be (である) [動] exist

too great (あまりにも大変な) [形] more than is usual or desirable

to no purpose (無駄な) [形] not achieving or intended to achieve anything

スピネットは長さが60フィート近くあり、それぞれの鍵盤の幅は1フィート近くあったため、腕を伸ばしても5つの鍵盤にしか届かず、鍵盤を押すには拳で強く叩く必要があったが、これはあまりにも大変な労力で、無駄なことだった。

The method I contrived was this: I prepared two round sticks about the bigness of common cudgels;

contrive (考え出す) [動] to plan or devise

私が考え出した方法はこうだ。普通の棍棒ほどの大きさの丸い棒を二本用意した。

they were thicker at one end than the other, and I covered the thicker ends with a piece of a mouse’s skin, that by rapping on them I might neither damage the tops of the keys nor interrupt the sound.

the other (もう片方の端) [名] the remaining one of two or more people or things

thicker (太い) [形] having a large distance between opposite sides

skin (皮) [名] the natural outer covering of the body of a person or animal

rap (叩く) [動] hit or knock sharply

棒の片方の端はもう一方の端よりも太く、太い方の端をネズミの皮で覆い、叩いても鍵盤の表面を傷つけたり、音を遮ったりしないようにした。

Before the spinet a bench was placed, about four feet below the keys, and I was put upon the bench.

bench (ベンチ) [名] a long seat for several people

スピネットの前に、鍵盤から約4フィート下のところにベンチが置かれ、私はそのベンチに乗せられた。

I ran sideling upon it, that way and this, as fast as I could, banging the proper keys with my two sticks, and made a shift to play a jig, to the great satisfaction of both their majesties;

make a shift (何とかする) [動] manage to do something

私はその上を横向きに走り回り、二本の棒で適当な鍵盤を叩き、何とかジグを弾きこなして、両陛下を大いに満足させた。

but it was the most violent exercise I ever underwent;

the most (最も) [形] the superlative form of much

しかし、それは私がこれまでに経験した中で最も激しい運動だった。

and yet I could not strike above sixteen keys, nor, consequently, play the bass and treble together, as other artists do;

strike (叩く) [動] hit or beat with a sharp blow

bass (低音) [名] the lowest part in a piece of music

treble (高音) [名] the highest part in a piece of music

それでも私は16個以上の鍵盤を叩くことはできなかったし、その結果、他の芸術家のように低音と高音を同時に演奏することもできなかった。

which was a great disadvantage to my performance.

disadvantage (不利) [名] an unfavorable circumstance or condition that reduces the chances of success or effectiveness

それは私の演奏にとって大きな不利だった。

The king, who, as I before observed, was a prince of excellent understanding, would frequently order that I should be brought in my box, and set upon the table in his closet.

closet (私室) [名] a small room for storing clothes

私が前に述べたように、王は非常に理解力のある君主で、私を箱に入れて運び、私室のテーブルの上に置くようにと頻繁に命じていた。

He would then command me to bring one of my chairs out of the box, and sit down within three yards’ distance upon the top of the cabinet, which brought me almost to a level with his face.

それから王は私に箱から椅子を一つ取り出し、三ヤード以内の距離でキャビネットの上に座るように命じ、そうすると私は王の顔とほぼ同じ高さになった。

In this manner I had several conversations with him.

in this manner (このような方法で) [副] in this way

have a conversation (会話をする) [動] talk with someone

このような方法で私は王と何度か会話をした。

I one day took the freedom to tell his majesty that the contempt he discovered towards Europe, and the rest of the world, did not seem answerable to those excellent qualities of mind he was master of;

take the freedom (自由をとる) [動] do something without asking for permission

do not seem (思えない) [動] appear not to be

answerable (相応しい) [形] able to be answered

ある日私は、王がヨーロッパや世界の他の国々に対して示した軽蔑は、王が持っている優れた精神的資質に相応しくないように思われる、と王に申し上げる自由をとった。

that reason did not extend itself with the bulk of the body;

reason (理性) [名] the power of the mind to think, understand, and form judgments by a process of logic

extend (大きくなる) [動] make or become longer or wider

理性は身体の大きさとともに大きくなるわけではない。

on the contrary, we observed in our country that the tallest persons were usually least provided with it;

on the contrary (それどころか) [副] to the opposite effect

provide (備える) [動] supply or equip with something necessary or desirable

それどころか、我が国では背の高い人ほど理性に欠けていることが多い。

that among other animals, bees and ants had the reputation of more industry, art, and sagacity than many of the larger kinds;

bee (蜂) [名] a flying insect that lives in a hive and makes honey

ant (蟻) [名] a small insect that lives in a colony and has a complex social structure

industry (勤勉) [名] the economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories

sagacity (賢さ) [名] the quality of being sagacious; wisdom, prudence, or shrewdness

他の動物の中では、蜂や蟻は、より大きな種類の動物よりも勤勉で、芸術的で、賢いと言われている。

and that, as inconsiderable as he took me to be, I hoped I might live to do his majesty some signal service.

inconsiderable (取るに足らない) [形] not worth considering; unimportant

do (行う) [動] perform or execute

signal (特別な) [形] out of the ordinary; unusual

そして、王が私をどれほど取るに足らない存在だと思っていようとも、私は王に何か特別な奉仕をするために生きたいと願っている。

The king heard me with attention, and began to conceive a much better opinion of me than he had ever before.

attention (注意) [名] the regarding of someone or something as interesting or important

王は私の話を注意深く聞き、これまで以上に私を高く評価し始めた。

He desired I would give him as exact an account of the government of England as I possibly could;

give (する) [動] make a present of

王は私に、できるだけ正確にイギリス政府の説明をしてほしいと望んだ。

because, as fond as princes commonly are of their own customs (for so he conjectured of other monarchs by my former discourses), he should be glad to hear of anything that might deserve imitation.

commonly (普通) [副] usually; normally

discourse (話) [名] a formal discussion of a topic in speech or writing

imitation (真似) [名] the action of copying something

なぜなら、王侯は普通自分の習慣を好むものだから(私の以前の話から他の君主のこともそう推測した)、真似するに値する何かを聞くことができれば嬉しいからだ。

Imagine with thyself, courteous reader, how often I then wished for the tongue of Demosthenes or Cicero, that might have enabled me to celebrate the praises of my own dear native country in a style equal to its merits and felicity.

thyself (あなた自身) [代] yourself

courteous (親切な) [形] polite and considerate

how often (どれほど) [副] to what extent or degree

wish (欲しがる) [動] want something

Demosthenes (デモステネス) [名] a Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens

Cicero (キケロ) [名] a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, and writer

praise (賛美) [名] the expression of approval or admiration

felicity (幸福) [名] the state of being happy or contented

親切な読者よ、想像してみてほしい、私がどれほどデモステネスやキケロの舌を欲しがったかを、そうすれば私の愛する祖国の美徳と幸福に相応しい言葉でその国を賛美できただろうに。

I began my discourse by informing his majesty that our dominions consisted of two islands, which composed three mighty kingdoms under one sovereign, besides our plantations in America.

compose (形成する) [動] make up

sovereign (君主) [名] a supreme ruler, especially a monarch

besides (除いて) [前] in addition to; apart from

plantation (植民地) [名] a large estate or farm on which crops are grown, especially in tropical and subtropical areas, for sale

私は、我が国の領土は二つの島からなり、アメリカの植民地を除いて、一つの君主の下に三つの強大な王国を形成していることを陛下に告げて話を始めました。

I dwelt long upon the fertility of our soil, and the temperature of our climate.

fertility (肥沃さ) [名] the quality of being fertile

soil (土壌) [名] the upper layer of earth in which plants grow

temperature (温暖さ) [名] the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object

私は、我が国の土壌の肥沃さと気候の温暖さについて長々と語った。

I then spoke at large upon the constitution of an English Parliament, partly made up of an illustrious body called the House of Peers, persons of the noblest blood, and of the most ancient and ample patrimonies.

English Parliament (イギリス議会) [名] the legislature of the United Kingdom

House of Peers (貴族院) [名] the upper house of the legislature of the United Kingdom

noblest (高貴な) [形] belonging to a hereditary class with high social or political status; aristocratic

blood (血筋) [名] the descendants of a particular ancestor

ample (豊かな) [形] more than enough; abundant

patrimonies (遺産) [名] property that is inherited from one's father or ancestors

それから私は、イギリス議会の構成について、一部は貴族院と呼ばれる高貴な血筋と最も古く豊かな遺産を持つ人々で構成されていることについて、大いに語った。

I described that extraordinary care always taken of their education in arts and arms, to qualify them for being counselors born to the king and kingdom, to have a share in the legislature;

qualify (資格を得る) [動] be entitled to a benefit or privilege

legislature (立法府) [名] the legislative branch of government

私は、彼らが国王と王国のために生まれた相談役として、立法府の一員として資格を得るために、芸術と武器の教育に常に特別な注意を払っていることを説明した。

to be members of the highest court of judicature, from whence there could be no appeal;

be member of (裁判官である) [動] be a member of

highest court of judicature (最高裁判所) [名] the highest court in a country

whence (から) [副] from which

there could be no appeal (上訴できない) [動] there is no way to appeal

最高裁判所の裁判官として、上訴できないようにするためである。

and to be champions always ready for the defense of their prince and country, by their valor, conduct, and fidelity.

champion (チャンピオン) [名] a person who has defeated all opponents in a competition

conduct (行動) [名] the manner in which a person behaves

fidelity (忠誠心) [名] faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support

そして、勇気、行動、忠誠心によって、常に王子と国を守る準備ができているチャンピオンである。

That these were the ornament and bulwark of the kingdom, worthy followers of their most renowned ancestors, whose honor had been the reward of their virtue, from which their posterity were never once known to degenerate.

bulwark (防波堤) [名] a wall or bank of earth or stone built to prevent flooding

worthy (ふさわしい) [形] deserving

ancestor (先祖) [名] a person from whom one is descended

degenerate (退化する) [動] become worse or of a lower standard

これらは王国の装飾品であり防波堤であり、最も有名な先祖にふさわしい信奉者であり、その名誉は彼らの美徳の報いであり、その子孫が退化したことは一度も知られていない。

To these were joined several holy persons, as part of that assembly, under the title of bishops, whose peculiar business it is to take care of religion, and of those who instruct the people therein.

join (加わる) [動] become a member of

holy (聖なる) [形] dedicated to a deity or to some religious purpose; consecrated

assembly (集会) [名] a group of people gathered together in one place for a common purpose

bishop (司教) [名] a senior member of the Christian clergy

これらには、宗教とその中で人々を指導する人々の世話をすることが特有の仕事である司教の称号の下で、その集会の一部として、何人かの聖人が加わった。

These were searched and sought out through the whole nation, by the prince and his wisest counselors, among such of the priesthood as were most deservedly distinguished by the sanctity of their lives, and the depth of their erudition;

seek out (探し出す) [動] to find or discover by searching

whole nation (全国) [名] the entire country

priesthood (聖職者) [名] the office or character of a priest

sanctity (神聖さ) [名] the state or quality of being holy

erudition (博学) [名] extensive knowledge acquired chiefly from books

これらは、王子とその賢い助言者たちによって、彼らの人生の神聖さと博学の深さによって最もふさわしく区別された聖職者の中から、全国を通して捜索され、探し出された。

who were indeed the spiritual fathers of the clergy and the people.

spiritual (霊的な) [形] of or relating to religion or religious purposes

彼らは確かに聖職者と人々の霊的な父であった。

That the other part of the Parliament consisted of an assembly called the House of Commons, who were all principal gentlemen, freely picked and culled out by the people themselves, for their great abilities and love of their country, to represent the wisdom of the whole nation.

Parliament (議会) [名] the highest legislative body of a country

House of Commons (下院) [名] the lower house of the British parliament

consist of (で構成される) [動] be made up of

assembly (議会) [名] a group of people who have come together for a purpose

pick (選ぶ) [動] choose from a number of alternatives

cull (選び出す) [動] select from a large quantity

love (愛情) [名] a strong feeling of affection

wisdom (知恵) [名] the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment

represent (代表する) [動] be a symbol or example of

議会の他の部分は下院と呼ばれる議会で構成され、彼らはすべて国民自身が自由に選び抜いた主要な紳士であり、その優れた能力と国への愛情から、国民全体の知恵を代表していた。

And these two bodies make up the most august assembly in Europe, to whom, in conjunction with the prince, the whole legislature is committed.

body (機関) [名] an organization or group of people with a particular purpose

august (権威ある) [形] respected and impressive

whom (誰に) [代] the person or people that the action of the verb is done to

conjunction (共に) [名] a word that joins two parts of a sentence, or two sentences, in a way that shows they are connected

そして、この二つの機関がヨーロッパで最も権威ある議会を構成し、王子と共に立法府全体を任されている。

I then descended to the courts of justice, over which the judges, those venerable sages and interpreters of the law, presided, for determining the disputed rights and properties of men, as well as for the punishment of vice and protection of innocence.

court of justice (裁判所) [名] a court of law

venerable (尊敬すべき) [形] worthy of veneration or respect

sage (賢者) [名] a person who is very wise

preside (主宰する) [動] be in charge of or act as president or chairman of

disputed (争われている) [形] questioned or challenged as being incorrect or doubtful

right (権利) [名] a moral or legal entitlement to have or do something

property (財産) [名] a thing or things belonging to someone

それから私は裁判所へ降りていった。そこでは、裁判官、尊敬すべき賢者、法律の解釈者たちが、人間の争われている権利や財産を決定したり、悪徳を罰したり、無実を守ったりするために、裁判を主宰していた。

I mentioned the prudent management of our treasury;

私は国庫の慎重な管理について言及した。

the valor and achievements of our forces by sea and land.

achievement (功績) [名] something that has been done or achieved through effort, skill, or courage

海と陸での我々の軍隊の勇気と功績について。

I computed the number of our people, by reckoning how many millions there might be of each religious sect or political party among us.

religious sect (宗教宗派) [名] a group of people with somewhat different religious beliefs from those of a larger group to which they belong

political party (政党) [名] an organization of people with similar political aims and opinions, that seeks to influence public policy by getting its own candidates elected to public office

私は、我々の国に何百万もの宗教宗派や政党があるかを計算して、国民の数を計算した。

I did not omit even our sports and pastimes, or any other particular which I thought might redound to the honor of my country.

sport (スポーツ) [名] an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment

pastime (娯楽) [名] an activity that you enjoy doing in your free time

particular (事柄) [名] a fact or detail

redound (つながる) [動] contribute greatly to

私は、我々のスポーツや娯楽、あるいは私の国の名誉につながると思われる他の事柄も省略しなかった。

And I finished all with a brief historical account of affairs and events in England for about a hundred years past.

brief (簡単な) [形] short in duration

historical (歴史的な) [形] of or concerning history

そして、私は過去約100年間のイギリスの情勢と出来事について簡単に歴史的な説明をしてすべてを終えた。

This conversation was not ended under five audiences, each of several hours;

end (終わる) [動] come or bring to a conclusion

audience (聴衆) [名] the assembled spectators or listeners at a public event

この会話は、それぞれ数時間の5回の聴衆の下で終わらなかった。

and the king heard the whole with great attention, frequently taking notes of what I spoke, as well as memorandums of several questions he intended to ask me.

memorandum (覚書) [名] a note or record made for future use

そして王は、私が話したことを頻繁にメモしたり、私に尋ねようとしているいくつかの質問の覚書をとったりしながら、全体を非常に注意深く聞いた。

When I had put an end to these long discourses, his majesty in a sixth audience consulting his notes, proposed many doubts, queries, and objections, upon every article.

put an end to (終える) [動] cause to stop or cease

sixth (6回目) [形] coming after five others in a series

note (メモ) [名] a brief record of facts, topics, or thoughts, written down as an aid to memory

query (質問) [名] a question

objection (異議) [名] an expression or feeling of disapproval or opposition

私がこれらの長い講演を終えたとき、陛下は6回目の聴衆の中でメモを調べながら、あらゆる記事について多くの疑問、質問、異議を唱えた。

He asked what methods were used to cultivate the minds and bodies of our young nobility, and in what kind of business they commonly spent the first and teachable part of their lives.

cultivate (養う) [動] improve by care, training, or study

彼は、我が国の若い貴族の心身を養うためにどのような方法が使われているのか、また、彼らが人生の最初の教育可能な部分をどのような仕事に費やしているのか尋ねた。

What course was taken to supply that assembly when any noble family became extinct.

noble (貴族) [名] a person of noble rank or birth

become extinct (絶える) [動] die out; become extinct

貴族の家系が絶えた場合、その議会を補充するためにどのような措置がとられたのか。

What qualifications were necessary in those who were to be created new lords.

qualification (資格) [名] a quality or accomplishment that makes someone suitable for a job or position

新しい領主に任命されるにはどのような資格が必要なのか。

Whether the humor of the prince, a sum of money to a court lady or a Prime Minister, or a design of strengthening a party opposite to the public interest, ever happened to be motives in those advancements.

court lady (宮廷の女性) [名] a woman who attends a royal court

Prime Minister (首相) [名] the head of a government

public interest (公益) [名] the well-being of the general public

advancement (昇進) [名] the action of moving into a higher position or rank

王子のユーモア、宮廷の女性や首相への金銭、あるいは公益に反する党を強化する計画が、そうした昇進の動機になったことはあったのか。

What share of knowledge these lords had in the laws of their country, and how they came by it, so as to enable them to decide the properties of their fellow subjects in the last resort.

share (割合) [名] a part or portion of a whole

come by (手に入れる) [動] to obtain or acquire

decide (決定する) [動] to make a choice or judgment about something

last resort (最終手段) [名] the last remaining option or course of action

これらの領主たちが自国の法律についてどれだけの知識を持ち、どのようにしてそれを手に入れたのか、そして最終的には同胞の臣民の財産を決定することができるようになったのか。

Whether they were always so free from avarice, partialities, or want, that a bribe, or some other sinister view, could have no place among them.

avarice (貪欲) [名] an excessive or insatiable desire for wealth or gain

partiality (偏見) [名] a bias in favor of one thing or person compared with another; favoritism

bribe (賄賂) [名] a sum of money or other valuables given or promised to a person in a position of trust to influence that person's views or conduct

sinister (邪悪な) [形] giving the impression that something harmful or evil is happening or will happen

view (見解) [名] a particular way of considering or regarding something; an attitude or opinion

彼らは常に貪欲、偏見、欲望から解放されているので、賄賂やその他の邪悪な見解が彼らの間に存在する余地はないのか。

Whether those holy lords I spoke of were always promoted to that rank upon account of their knowledge in religious matters, and the sanctity of their lives, had never been compliers with the times while they were common priests, or slavish prostitute chaplains to some nobleman, whose opinions they continued servilely to follow after they were admitted into that assembly.

promote (昇進する) [動] move into a higher position or rank

religious (宗教的な) [形] relating to or believing in a religion

slavish (奴隷的な) [形] of or characteristic of a slave

prostitute (売春婦) [名] a person, typically a woman, who engages in sexual activity for payment

chaplain (従軍牧師) [名] a member of the clergy attached to a military unit

servilely (卑屈に) [副] in a servile manner

私が話した聖なる領主たちは、宗教問題に関する知識と生活の神聖さから常にその地位に昇進していたのか、普通の僧侶であった時代には決して時代に従わなかったのか、あるいは貴族の奴隷的な売春婦の従軍牧師であり、その議会に入れられた後もその意見に従い続けたのか。

He then desired to know what arts were practiced in electing those whom I called commoners;

art (技術) [名] a skill at doing a specified thing, typically one acquired through practice

practice (使われる) [動] perform or work at repeatedly so as to become proficient

commoner (平民) [名] a person who is not a member of the nobility

それから彼は、私が平民と呼ぶ人々を選出する際にどのような技術が使われているのかを知りたいと思った。

whether a stranger with a strong purse might not influence the vulgar voters to choose him before their own landlord, or the most considerable gentleman in the neighborhood.

strong purse (金持ち) [名] a person with a lot of money

influence (影響を与える) [動] have an effect on

voter (有権者) [名] a person who has the right to vote

landlord (地主) [名] a person who rents land, a building, or an apartment to others

金持ちの見知らぬ人が、下品な有権者に影響を与えて、自分の地主や近所の最も重要な紳士よりも先に自分を選ぶように仕向けることはできないか。

How it came to pass, that people were so violently bent upon getting into this assembly, which I allowed to be a great trouble and expense, often to the ruin of their families, without any salary or pension;

come to pass (起こる) [動] happen

violently (熱心に) [副] in a violent manner

bent upon (熱中する) [動] be determined to do something

ruin (破滅) [名] the state of decay, collapse, or destruction

salary (給料) [名] a fixed regular payment made by an employer to an employee

どうして人々がこの議会に入ることにそれほど熱心になったのか、私はそれが大きな手間と費用がかかり、給料も年金ももらえずに家族を破滅させることも多いと認めた。

because this appeared such an exalted strain of virtue and public spirit, that his majesty seemed to doubt it might possibly not be always sincere.

exalted (高尚な) [形] of high moral or intellectual value

strain (緊張) [名] a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or very demanding circumstances

public spirit (公共心) [名] a sense of pride in one's community and a willingness to work for its betterment

doubt (疑う) [動] feel uncertain about

なぜなら、これは徳と公共心の非常に高尚な緊張であるように思われたので、陛下はそれが常に誠実であるわけではないのではないかと疑っているようだった。

And he desired to know whether such zealous gentlemen could have any views of refunding themselves for the charges and trouble they were at, by sacrificing the public good to the designs of a weak and vicious prince in conjunction with a corrupted ministry.

zealous (熱心な) [形] having or showing great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or an objective

refund (返金) [動] pay back

sacrifice (犠牲にする) [動] give up something important for the sake of achieving something else

public good (公益) [名] the benefit or well-being of the general public

vicious (悪徳な) [形] deliberately cruel or violent

corrupted (堕落した) [形] having or showing a willingness to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain

そして彼は、そのような熱心な紳士たちが、堕落した大臣と共に弱く悪徳な王子の計画に公益を犠牲にすることによって、彼らが被った費用と手間に対して返金する見込みがあるかどうかを知りたいと思った。

He multiplied his questions, and sifted me thoroughly upon every part of this head, proposing numberless inquiries and objections, which I think it not prudent or convenient to repeat.

multiply (重ねる) [動] increase in number

sift (調べ上げる) [動] examine or investigate thoroughly

thoroughly (徹底的に) [副] completely

inquiry (質問) [名] a request for information

彼は質問を重ね、この頭のあらゆる部分を徹底的に調べ上げ、数え切れないほどの質問や異議を唱えたが、それを繰り返すのは賢明でも都合がよくないと私は思う。

Upon what I said in relation to our courts of justice his majesty desired to be satisfied in several points;

私が裁判所に関して述べた内容について、陛下はいくつかの点で納得したいと思われた。

and this I was the better able to do, having been formerly almost ruined by a long suit in chancery, which was decreed for me with costs.

be able to do (できる) [動] have the ability to do something

formerly (以前) [副] in the past

ruined (破産した) [動] be destroyed or decayed

suit (訴訟) [名] a legal action

chancery (大法官裁判所) [名] a court of equity

decreed (判決が下された) [動] issue a decree

cost (費用) [名] the price paid for something

以前、大法官裁判所での長い訴訟でほとんど破産し、費用をかけて私に有利な判決が下されたので、私はこのことをよりよく理解することができた。

He asked what time was usually spent in determining between right and wrong, and what degree of expense.

spend (かかる) [動] pay out (money) in buying or hiring goods or services

determine (判断する) [動] cause (something) to occur in a particular way; be the decisive factor in

wrong (間違っている) [形] not correct or true; incorrect

彼は、正邪を判断するのに通常どれくらいの時間がかかり、どれくらいの費用がかかるかを尋ねた。

Whether advocates and orators had liberty to plead in causes manifestly known to be unjust, vexatious, or oppressive.

advocate (弁護士) [名] a person who argues for or supports a cause or policy

plead (弁護する) [動] argue for or against something

manifestly (明らかに) [副] in a clear and obvious way

unjust (不当) [形] not just or fair

vexatious (不当) [形] causing or likely to cause annoyance, frustration, or worry

oppressive (抑圧的) [形] unjustly harsh or severe

弁護士や雄弁家は、明らかに不当、不当、または抑圧的であることが知られている原因で弁護する自由があるかどうか。

Whether party in religion or politics were observed to be of any weight in the scale of justice.

宗教や政治の党派が正義の尺度において何らかの重みを持つと見られているかどうか。

Whether those pleading orators were persons educated in the general knowledge of equity, or only in provincial, national, and other local customs.

pleading (弁護する) [形] expressing a request in an urgent and emotional way

orator (弁護士) [名] a person who makes public speeches

equity (公平性) [名] the difference between the value of a property and the amount of any outstanding mortgages or other liens on the property

general knowledge (一般知識) [名] knowledge of a wide range of topics

provincial (地方の) [形] of or relating to a province

national (国の) [形] of or relating to a nation

local (地方の) [形] of or relating to a particular area or place

これらの弁護士は、公平性の一般知識を身につけた人なのか、それとも地方、国、その他の地方の慣習だけを身につけた人なのか。

Whether they or their judges had any part in penning those laws which they assumed the liberty of interpreting and glossing upon at their pleasure.

they (彼ら) [代] the people or things previously mentioned or easily identified

assume (想定する) [動] suppose to be the case, without proof

gloss (注釈を加える) [動] add a note of explanation to a text

彼らや彼らの裁判官が、彼らが自由に解釈し、注釈を加えると想定した法律を起草する際に、何か役割を果たしたかどうか。

Whether they had ever, at different times, pleaded for and against the same cause, and cited precedents to prove contrary opinions.

at different times (異なる時期に) [副] at different points in time

plead (唱える) [動] to argue for or against something

for and against (賛否両論) [名] both for and against something

cite (引用する) [動] to mention or quote as an example

precedent (前例) [名] a previous case or legal decision that may be or must be followed in subsequent similar cases

彼らが異なる時期に同じ原因に対して賛否両論を唱え、反対意見を証明するために前例を引用したことがあるかどうか。

Whether they were a rich or a poor corporation.

poor (貧乏人) [形] having little or no money, goods, or other means of support

彼らが金持ちか貧乏人か。

Whether they received any pecuniary reward for pleading, or delivering their opinions.

pecuniary (金銭的な) [形] of or relating to money

pleading (弁論) [名] the action of making an emotional or earnest appeal to someone

delivering (表明) [動] express (an opinion or feeling)

彼らが弁論や意見表明に対して金銭的な報酬を受けているかどうか。

And particularly, whether they were ever admitted as members in the lower senate.

ever (かつて) [副] at any time in the past or future; on any occasion; at all

member (議員) [名] a person who belongs to a group or an organization

lower (下院) [形] below average in height or position

senate (議員) [名] the upper house of a bicameral legislature

そして特に、彼らが下院議員として認められたことがあるかどうか。

He fell next upon the management of our treasury;

fall upon (話題を移す) [動] to start talking about something else

彼は次に我々の国庫の管理に話題を移した。

and said he thought my memory had failed me, because I computed our taxes at about five or six millions a year, and when I came to mention the issues, he found they sometimes amounted to more than double:

tax (税金) [名] a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions

issue (問題) [名] a problem or difficulty

amount to (なる) [動] be equivalent to

double (二倍) [形] twice as many or as much

そして、私が税金を年間約五、六百万と計算したので、私の記憶が間違っているのではないかと言った。そして、私がその問題に言及したとき、彼はそれが時々二倍以上になることを発見した。

for the notes he had taken were very particular in this point, because he hoped, as he told me, that the knowledge of our conduct might be useful to him, and he could not be deceived in his calculations.

point (点) [名] a particular place, especially one with an established purpose

calculation (計算) [名] the mathematical process of determining something

彼が取ったメモはこの点で非常に詳細だった。なぜなら、彼が私に言ったように、彼は我々の行動に関する知識が彼にとって有益であり、彼の計算に誤りがないことを望んだからである。

But if what I told him were true, he was still at a loss how a kingdom could run out of its estate like a private person.

run out of (使い果たす) [動] use up all of something

estate (財産) [名] all the money and property owned by a person or organization

private person (個人) [名] a person who is not a public figure or a celebrity

しかし、私が彼に言ったことが真実なら、彼は王国が個人のように財産を使い果たすことがあるとは信じられないと言っていた。

He asked me who were our creditors;

creditor (債権者) [名] a person or organization to whom money is owed

彼は私に我々の債権者は誰かと尋ねた。

and where we should find money to pay them.

そして、どこで彼らに支払うお金を見つけるのかと尋ねた。

He wondered to hear me talk of such chargeable and extensive wars;

chargeable (高額な) [形] involving expense

extensive (大規模な) [形] covering a large area

彼は私がそのような高額で大規模な戦争について話すのを聞いて驚いた。

that certainly we must be a quarrelsome people, or live among very bad neighbors, and that our generals must needs be richer than our kings.

quarrelsome (喧嘩好きな) [形] inclined to quarrel

live (住んでいる) [動] have as one's home

我々は確かに喧嘩好きな民族か、とても悪い隣人の間に住んでいるに違いない、そして我々の将軍は我々の王よりも金持ちに違いないと思った。

He asked what business we had out of our own islands, unless upon the score of trade or treaty, or to defend the coasts with our fleet.

business (用事) [名] a task or an errand

unless (そうでなければ) [接] except if; if not

score (理由) [名] a reason or a motive

彼は、貿易や条約、あるいは艦隊で海岸を守るためでなければ、我々が自国の島々から出て何をしているのかと尋ねた。

Above all, he was amazed to hear me talk of a mercenary standing army in the midst of peace, and among a free people.

above all (何よりも) [副] most importantly

何よりも、彼は私が平和の真っ只中、そして自由な人々の間で傭兵常備軍の話をするのを聞いて驚いた。

He said if we were governed by our own consent in the persons of our representatives, he could not imagine of whom we were afraid, or against whom we were to fight;

representative (代表者) [名] a person who is a member of a legislative body

彼は、もし我々が代表者という形で自分たちの同意によって統治されているなら、我々が誰を恐れているのか、誰と戦うのか想像できないと言った。

and would hear my opinion, whether a private man’s house might not better be defended by himself, his children, and family, than by half a dozen rascals picked up at a venture in the streets for small wages, who might get a hundred times more by cutting their throats.

children (子供) [名] a young human being below the age of puberty or below the legal age of majority

half a dozen (半ダース) [名] six

rascal (悪党) [名] a mischievous person

pick up (拾う) [動] take hold of and lift up

venture (偶然) [名] a risky or daring journey or undertaking

wage (賃金) [名] a fixed regular payment, typically paid on a daily or weekly basis, made by an employer to an employee, especially to a manual or unskilled worker

そして、私人の家は、通りで偶然拾った半ダースの悪党が、わずかな賃金で、喉を切れば百倍も稼げるかもしれないのに、自分や子供、家族で守った方がよいのではないかという私の意見を聞きたがった。

He laughed at my odd kind of arithmetic, as he was pleased to call it, in reckoning the numbers of our people by a computation drawn from the several sects among us in religion and politics.

laugh at (笑う) [動] find something funny

odd (奇妙な) [形] strange or unusual

arithmetic (算術) [名] the branch of mathematics that deals with the study of numbers using various operations on them

sect (宗派) [名] a group of people with somewhat different religious beliefs (typically regarded as heretical) from those of a larger group to which they belong

彼は、宗教や政治における我々の中のいくつかの宗派から引き出された計算で、我々の人々の数を計算する私の奇妙な算術を喜んで呼び、笑った。

He said he knew no reason why those who entertain opinions prejudicial to the public, should be obliged to change, or should not be obliged to conceal them.

entertain (持つ) [動] have in mind

prejudicial (有害な) [形] causing harm or damage

change (変更する) [動] make or become different

彼は、公衆に有害な意見を持つ者が、それを変更する義務を負うべきか、隠す義務を負うべきでないか、その理由を知らないと言った。

And as it was tyranny in any government to require the first, so it was weakness not to enforce the second: for a man may be allowed to keep poisons in his closet, but not to vend them about for cordials.

tyranny (暴政) [名] cruel and oppressive government or rule

require (要求する) [動] ask for something to be given or done

closet (戸棚) [名] a tall cupboard with shelves

vend (売り歩く) [動] sell

cordial (強壮剤) [名] a drink that is sweet and strong

そして、前者を要求するのはどんな政府でも暴政であるように、後者を強制しないのは弱さである。なぜなら、人は自分の戸棚に毒物を保管することは許されるかもしれないが、それを強壮剤として売り歩くことは許されないからである。

He observed, that among the diversions of our nobility and gentry, I had mentioned gaming.

gaming (賭博) [名] the activity or practice of playing games of chance for money or other stakes

彼は、私が貴族や紳士の娯楽の中に賭博を挙げたことに気づいた。

He desired to know at what age this entertainment was usually taken up, and when it was laid down;

take up (始める) [動] start doing something

lay down (続ける) [動] continue doing something

彼は、この娯楽が通常何歳で始められるのか、またいつまで続けるのかを知りたいと思った。

how much of their time it employed;

how much (どれくらい) [副] to what extent or degree

employ (費やす) [動] use or engage the services of

どれくらいの時間を費やしているのか。

whether it ever went so high as to affect their fortunes;

go so high as to (高額になる) [動] reach a certain level

affect (影響を与える) [動] have an effect on

財産に影響を与えるほど高額になることがあるか。

whether mean vicious people by their dexterity in that art might not arrive at great riches, and sometimes keep our very nobles in dependence, as well as habituate them to vile companions, wholly take from them the improvement of their minds, and force them, by the losses they have received, to learn and practice that infamous dexterity upon others.

mean (卑劣な) [形] unkind or unfair

people (人間) [名] a human being regarded as an individual

art (道) [名] a skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation

riches (大金持ち) [名] a great deal of money or valuable possessions

dependence (従属) [名] the state of relying on and needing someone or something for aid, support, or the like

habituate (交際させる) [動] cause to become used to something

vile (下劣な) [形] extremely unpleasant

take from (奪う) [動] remove something from someone or something

improvement (向上) [名] an increase in the quality or value of something

practice (実践する) [動] regularly or frequently do something

infamous (悪名高い) [形] well known for some bad quality or deed

upon (他人に) [前] on top of; on

卑劣で悪徳な人間でも、その道に長けていれば大金持ちになれるのではないか、また、時には貴族を従属させ、下劣な仲間と交際させ、精神の向上を奪い、損失を被らせることで、その悪名高い技を学び、他人に実践させているのではないか。

He was perfectly astonished with the historical account I gave him of our affairs during the last century, protesting it was only a heap of conspiracies, rebellions, murders, massacres, revolutions, banishments, the very worst effects that avarice, faction, hypocrisy, perfidiousness, cruelty, rage, madness, hatred, envy, lust, malice, or ambition could produce.

last century (前世紀) [名] the century before the present one

historical account (歴史的説明) [名] a description of a historical event

astonished (驚く) [形] filled with wonder or amazement

conspiracy (陰謀) [名] a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful

massacre (虐殺) [名] the killing of a large number of people

revolution (革命) [名] a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system

banishment (追放) [名] the action of expelling someone from a country or place

hypocrisy (偽善) [名] the practice of claiming to have moral standards or beliefs to which one's own behavior does not conform

perfidiousness (背信) [名] the quality of being deceitful and untrustworthy

cruelty (残虐) [名] behavior that causes pain or suffering to others

madness (狂気) [名] the state of being mentally ill

hatred (憎しみ) [名] an intense dislike or ill will

lust (欲望) [名] a very strong sexual desire

彼は、私が前世紀の我々の事柄について語った歴史的説明に全く驚き、それはただの陰謀、反乱、殺人、虐殺、革命、追放、貪欲、派閥、偽善、背信、残虐、激怒、狂気、憎しみ、嫉妬、欲望、悪意、野心が生み出す最悪の影響の山に過ぎないと抗議した。

His majesty, in another audience, was at the pains to recapitulate the sum of all I had spoken;

at the pains (苦労して) [動] to make a great effort to do something

recapitulate (繰り返す) [動] to summarize the main points of something

陛下は、別の謁見の際に、私が話した内容の要約を苦労して繰り返された。

compared the questions he made with the answers I had given;

彼がした質問と私がした答えを比べた。

then taking me into his hands, and stroking me gently, delivered himself in these words, which I shall never forget, nor the manner he spoke them in:

take into one's hands (手に取る) [動] to take control of something

deliver (口にする) [動] to say something

forget (忘れる) [動] to not be able to remember something

manner (話し方) [名] the way that something is done

それから私を手に取って、優しくなでながら、次のような言葉を口にしたが、私はその言葉も、その話し方も決して忘れることはできない。

“My little friend Grildrig, you have made a most admirable panegyric upon your country;

make (述べる) [動] say or express

admirable (素晴らしい) [形] deserving of admiration

panegyric (賛辞) [名] a public speech or published text in praise of someone or something

「私の小さな友人グリルドリグよ、君は自分の国の素晴らしい賛辞を述べた。

you have clearly proved that ignorance, idleness, and vice may be sometimes the only ingredients for qualifying a legislator;

idleness (怠惰) [名] the trait of being lazy or inactive

ingredient (要素) [名] a component part

legislator (立法者) [名] a person who makes laws

無知、怠惰、悪徳が、時には立法者の資格を得るための唯一の要素であるかもしれないことを、君ははっきりと証明した。

that laws are best explained, interpreted, and applied, by those whose interest and abilities lie in perverting, confounding, and eluding them.

apply (適用する) [動] make use of

interest (興味) [名] a feeling of wanting to know or learn about something or someone

pervert (曲解する) [動] distort or corrupt

elude (逃れる) [動] evade or escape from, especially by cunning or trickery

法律は、それを曲解し、混乱させ、逃れることに興味と能力のある人々によって、最もよく説明され、解釈され、適用される。

I observe among you some lines of an institution which in its original might have been tolerable, but these half erased, and the rest wholly blurred and blotted by corruptions.

erase (消す) [動] rub or wipe out

blur (ぼやける) [動] make or become unclear or less distinct

blot (消す) [動] make a spot or mark on

私は君たちの間に、元々は許容範囲内だったかもしれない制度のいくつかの線が、半分消され、残りは腐敗によって完全にぼやけて消されているのを観察する。

It does not appear, from all you have said, how any one virtue is required towards the procurement of any one station among you;

procurement (獲得) [名] the action of obtaining by care, effort, or the use of special means

station (地位) [名] a place where someone or something stands or is located

君が言ったことからは、君たちの間でどんな地位を得るためにも、どんな美徳が必要なのかはわからない。

much less that men are ennobled on account of their virtue;

much less (ましてや) [副] to a much smaller extent

ennoble (高貴にする) [動] make noble

ましてや、人々がその美徳によって高貴にされるなどということはありえない。

that priests are advanced by their piety or learning;

聖職者がその信心深さや学識によって昇進するなどということはありえない。

soldiers for their conduct or valor;

兵士がその行いや勇気によって昇進するなどということはありえない。

judges for their integrity; senators for the love of their country;

integrity (誠実さ) [名] the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles

senator (上院議員) [名] a member of a senate

裁判官がその誠実さによって昇進するなどということはありえない。上院議員がその愛国心によって昇進するなどということはありえない。

or counselors for their wisdom.

顧問官がその知恵によって昇進するなどということはありえない。

As for yourself,” continued the king, “who have spent the greatest part of your life in traveling, I am well disposed to hope you may hitherto have escaped many vices of your country.

yourself (あなた自身) [代] the person being addressed

hitherto (これまでのところ) [副] until now; up until the present

あなた自身については」と王は続けた。「人生の大部分を旅に費やしてきたあなたは、これまでのところ、あなたの国の多くの悪徳から逃れてきたのではないかと期待しています。

But by what I have gathered from your own relation, and the answers I have with much pains wringed and extorted from you,

gather (集める) [動] come together as a group

relation (話) [名] a connection between people or things

wring (絞り出す) [動] squeeze or twist

extort (絞り出す) [動] obtain by force, threats, or other unfair means

しかし、あなたの話から私が集めた情報や、私が苦労してあなたから絞り出した答えから判断すると、

I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth.”

bulk (大部分) [名] the greater part of something

pernicious (有害な) [形] causing great harm

vermin (害虫) [名] a small animal that is harmful to crops, food, or health

あなたの国の住民の大部分は、自然が地球上に這わせた最も有害で忌まわしい害虫の一種であると結論せざるを得ません」

CHAPTER VII

第七章

THE AUTHOR’S LOVE OF HIS COUNTRY—HE MAKES A PROPOSAL OF MUCH ADVANTAGE TO THE KING, WHICH IS REJECTED—THE KING’S GREAT IGNORANCE IN POLITICS—THE LEARNING OF THAT COUNTRY VERY IMPERFECT AND CONFINED—THE LAWS, AND MILITARY AFFAIRS, AND PARTIES IN THE STATE.

make a proposal (提案する) [動] to suggest a plan or course of action

reject (拒否する) [動] to refuse to accept, consider, or use

confine (限定的) [動] to keep or restrict within certain limits

著者の祖国愛ー王に有利な提案をするが拒否されるー王の政治に対する無知ーその国の学問は非常に不完全で限定的ー法律、軍事問題、国家の政党

Nothing but an extreme love of truth could have hindered me from concealing this part of my story.

nothing but (~以外には) [副] only; just

hinder (妨げる) [動] make it difficult for someone to do something

真実を愛する気持ちがなければ、私はこの部分を隠していたでしょう。

It was in vain to discover my resentments, which were always turned into ridicule;

discover (表明する) [動] make known; reveal

ridicule (嘲笑) [名] the subjection of someone or something to contemptuous and dismissive language or behavior

私の憤慨を表明しても無駄で、いつも嘲笑の的になった。

and I was forced to rest with patience while my noble and beloved country was so injuriously treated.

be forced to (強いられる) [動] be compelled to do something

rest with (我慢する) [動] be content with

injuriously (侮辱的に) [副] in a way that causes damage or harm

私の高貴で愛する国が侮辱的に扱われている間、私は我慢を強いられた。

I am heartily sorry as any of my readers can possibly be, that such an occasion was given;

be heartily sorry (心から残念に思う) [動] feel very sorry

読者の皆さんと同じように、私は心から残念に思っている。

but this prince happened to be so curious and inquisitive upon every particular, that it could not consist either with gratitude or good manners to refuse giving him what satisfaction I was able.

inquisitive (好奇心旺盛な) [形] eager to know or learn something

every particular (あらゆる事柄) [名] each individual item

しかし、この王子はあらゆる事柄に好奇心旺盛で、私ができる限りの満足感を与えることを拒否することは、感謝の気持ちにもマナーにも反することだった。

Yet thus much I may be allowed to say in my own vindication, that I artfully eluded many of his questions, and gave to every point a more favorable turn, by many degrees, than the strictness of truth would allow.

much (これだけ) [名] a great deal

artfully (巧みに) [副] in a skillful way

turn (言い回し) [名] a change of direction, position, or course

strictness (厳密さ) [名] the quality or state of being strict

それでも、自分の弁明のためにこれだけは言わせてもらえるが、私は彼の質問の多くを巧みに回避し、あらゆる点において、厳密な真実が許すよりもはるかに好意的な言い回しをした。

For I have always borne that laudable partiality to my own country, which Dionysius Halicarnassensis with so much justice recommends to an historian: I would hide the frailties and deformities of my political mother, and place her virtues and beauties in the most advantageous light.

laudable (称賛に値する) [形] worthy of praise

Dionysius Halicarnassensis (ディオニュシオス・ハリカルナッソス) [名] a Greek historian and rhetorician

historian (歴史家) [名] a person who studies or writes about history

frailty (弱点) [名] the quality or state of being frail

deformity (欠陥) [名] a physical or moral defect

というのも、私は常に自分の国に対して、ディオニュシオス・ハリカルナッソスが歴史家に対して非常に公正に推奨しているような、称賛に値する偏見を抱いてきたからである。私は自分の政治的母の弱点や欠陥を隠し、彼女の美徳や美しさを最も有利な光の中に置きたいと思う。

This was my sincere endeavor in those many discourses I had with that monarch, although it unfortunately failed of success.

unfortunately (残念ながら) [副] it is unlucky that

これが、私があの君主と交わした多くの会話の中での私の誠実な努力だったが、残念ながら成功には至らなかった。

But great allowances should be given to a king who lives wholly secluded from the rest of the world, and must therefore be altogether unacquainted with the manners and customs that most prevail in other nations;

secluded (隔絶された) [形] shut off or hidden away from others

must (はずである) [助] be obliged to; should

unacquainted (知らない) [形] not having knowledge of

manners (風習) [名] a person's behavior

しかし、世界の他の国々から完全に隔絶された生活を送っている王には、多大な手当を与えるべきであり、したがって、他の国々で最も普及している風習や習慣を全く知らないはずである。

the want of which knowledge will ever produce many prejudices, and a certain narrowness of thinking, from which we and the politer countries of Europe are wholly exempted.

narrowness (狭さ) [名] the quality of being narrow

thinking (思考) [名] the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

exempt (免れる) [動] free someone or something from a duty or requirement

その知識の欠如は、常に多くの偏見と、ある種の思考の狭さを生み出すが、我々やヨーロッパの礼儀正しい国々は、それから完全に免れている。

And it would be hard indeed, if so remote a prince’s notions of virtue and vice were to be offered as a standard for all mankind.

そして、もしそれほど遠く離れた王子の善悪の概念が全人類の基準として提示されるとしたら、それは確かに難しいことだろう。

To confirm what I have now said, and further to show the miserable effects of a confined education, I shall here insert a passage which will hardly obtain belief.

what I have now said (私が今言った事) [名] the thing that I have just said

confined education (閉鎖的な教育) [名] education that is limited in scope or extent

miserable (悲惨な) [形] causing great unhappiness or discomfort

belief (信念) [名] something that is accepted as true or as certain to happen

私が今言ったことを裏付け、さらに閉鎖的な教育の悲惨な影響を示すために、私はここに信じがたい一節を挿入する。

In hopes to ingratiate myself further into his majesty’s favor, I told him of an invention discovered between three and four hundred years ago, to make a certain powder, into a heap of which the smallest spark of fire falling, would kindle the whole in a moment, although it were as big as a mountain, and make it all fly up in the air together, with a noise and agitation greater than thunder.

ingratiate oneself (取り入る) [動] gain favor with someone by flattery or obsequious behavior

invention (発明) [名] a new or improved product or process

three and four hundred years ago (三、四百年前) [名] the period of time from 300 to 400 years ago

fly up (舞い上がる) [動] move or be moved quickly upwards

陛下のご好意にさらに取り入ろうと思って、私は三、四百年前に発見された発明について話した。それは、ある粉末を作り、その山のような粉末の山に火の粉が落ちると、一瞬のうちに全体が燃え上がり、雷よりも大きな音と激動を伴って、すべてが空中に舞い上がるというものだ。

That a proper quantity of this powder rammed into a hollow tube of brass or iron, according to its bigness, would drive a ball of iron or lead with such a violence and speed as nothing was able to sustain its force.

ram (詰め込む) [動] to force or push something into a place

tube (管) [名] a long, hollow cylinder made of metal, glass, or plastic

brass (真鍮) [名] a yellow alloy of copper and zinc

ball (玉) [名] a round solid object with no edges

violence (激しさ) [名] behavior involving physical force intended to hurt or kill someone

sustain (耐えうる) [動] to keep up or keep going

この粉末を適量、真鍮や鉄の中空の管に詰め込むと、その大きさに応じて、鉄や鉛の玉を、その力に耐えうるものは何もないというほどの激しさと速さで打ち出すことができる。

That the largest balls thus discharged, would not only destroy whole ranks of an army at once, but batter the strongest walls to the ground;

rank (隊列) [名] a line of people or things

strongest (最も強固な) [形] of the greatest strength

このように放たれた最大の玉は、軍隊の全隊列を一度に破壊するだけでなく、最も強固な城壁を地面に打ち砕く。

sink down ships with a thousand men in each, to the bottom of the sea;

sink down (沈める) [動] cause to go down below the surface of water

それぞれ千人の兵士を乗せた船を海の底に沈める。

and when linked together by a chain, would cut through masts and rigging, divide hundreds of bodies in the middle, and lay all waste before them.

cut through (切り裂く) [動] cut something into two or more pieces

rigging (索具) [名] the system of ropes, cables, and chains that support and control the masts and sails on a ship

lay (破壊する) [動] cause to fall to the ground

waste (すべて) [名] material that is not wanted; garbage

鎖でつなげば、マストや索具を切り裂き、何百もの体を真っ二つにし、目の前のすべてを破壊する。

That we often put this powder into large hollow balls of iron, and discharged them by an engine into some city we were besieging, which would rip up the pavements, tear the houses to pieces, burst and throw splinters on every side, dashing out the brains of all who came near.

put (詰め込む) [動] place something somewhere

ball (鉄球) [名] a round solid shape

besieging (攻囲している) [動] lay siege to

pavement (舗道) [名] a hard surface of ground, usually covering a road or path

tear (破壊する) [動] pull or rip apart

burst (破裂する) [動] break or cause to break suddenly and violently

splinter (破片) [名] a small, thin, sharp piece of wood, glass, or similar material that has broken off from a larger piece

我々はよくこの粉末を大きな中空の鉄球に詰め込み、それを攻囲している都市に機械で放つと、それが舗道を破壊し、家々を粉々にし、破裂して四方に破片を飛ばし、近づいてきた者の脳みそを吹き飛ばす。

That I knew the ingredients very well, which were cheap and common;

ingredient (材料) [名] a component part of something

common (一般的) [形] occurring, found, or done often; prevalent

私はその材料をよく知っていたが、それは安価で一般的なものだった。

I understood the manner of compounding them, and could direct his workmen how to make those tubes of a size proportionable to all other things in his majesty’s kingdom, and the largest need not be above a hundred feet long;

understand (知っている) [動] be aware of the meaning of

compound (混合する) [動] combine or mix together

need (必要である) [動] be required or necessary

私はそれらを混合する方法を知っており、陛下の王国の他のすべてのものと釣り合う大きさの管をどのように作るか、陛下の職人に指示することができ、最大のものは長さ百フィートを超える必要はない。

twenty or thirty of which tubes, charged with the proper quantity of powder and balls, would batter down the walls of the strongest town in his dominions in a few hours, or destroy the whole metropolis, if ever it should pretend to dispute his absolute commands.

twenty or thirty (二十本か三十本) [名] the numbers 20 and 30

proper (適量の) [形] appropriate or suitable

ball (弾丸) [名] a small round object that is fired from a gun

batter down (打ち破る) [動] to break down or destroy by force

a few hours (数時間) [名] a small number of hours

適量の火薬と弾丸を装填した二十本か三十本の管があれば、陛下の領土で最も強固な町の城壁を数時間で打ち破り、あるいは首都全体を破壊することができる。

This I humbly offered to his majesty as a small tribute of acknowledgment in return of so many marks that I had received of his royal favor and protection.

acknowledgment (感謝) [名] the act of acknowledging

tribute (しるし) [名] something given or done as a mark of respect or affection

return (返礼) [名] the act of returning something

これを私は、陛下から受けた数々の恩恵と庇護に対するささやかな感謝のしるしとして、陛下に謙虚に申し出た。

The king was struck with horror at the description I had given of those terrible engines, and the proposal I had made.

be struck with (襲われる) [動] be affected by

engine (兵器) [名] a machine with moving parts that converts power into motion

王は私が述べた恐ろしい兵器の説明と提案に恐怖に襲われた。

He was amazed how so impotent and groveling an insect as I (these were his expressions) could entertain such inhuman ideas, and in so familiar a manner as to appear wholly unmoved at all the scenes of blood and desolation which I had painted as the common effects of those destructive machines;

impotent (無力な) [形] lacking power or strength

entertain (抱く) [動] to have in mind

familiar (慣れ親しんだ) [形] well known from long or close association

unmoved (動じない) [形] not affected by emotion

desolation (荒廃) [名] a state of complete emptiness or destruction

destructive (破壊的な) [形] causing great and irreparable damage or harm

王は、私のような無力で卑屈な虫(これは王の表現である)が、どうしてそのような非人間的な考えを抱くことができ、また、私が描いた破壊的な機械の一般的な効果である血と荒廃の光景に全く動じない様子で、あまりにも慣れ親しんだ態度で話すことができるのかと驚いていた。

whereof, he said, some evil genius, enemy to mankind, must have been the first contriver.

evil (悪の) [形] profoundly immoral and wicked

contriver (考案者) [名] a person who devises or invents something

王は、そのような破壊的な機械を最初に考案したのは、人類の敵である悪の天才に違いないと言った。

As for himself, he protested that although few things delighted him so much as new discoveries in art or in nature, yet he would rather lose half his kingdom than be privy to such a secret, which he commanded me, as I valued my life, never to mention any more.

protest (言う) [動] to state strongly and publicly that you object to something

delight (喜ばしい) [動] to give great pleasure to

privy (知る) [形] sharing in the knowledge of something secret or private

value (惜しむ) [動] to regard as important or precious

any more (二度と) [副] ever again

王は、自分としては、芸術や自然における新しい発見ほど喜ばしいことはほとんどないのだが、そのような秘密を知るくらいなら王国の半分を失った方がましだと言い、命が惜しければ二度と口にするなと私に命じた。

A strange effect of narrow principles and short views!

narrow (狭い) [形] of small width

effect (効果) [名] something that is produced by an agency or cause; result

狭い主義と短い視野の奇妙な効果である!

that a prince possessed of every quality which procures veneration, love, and esteem;

possess (備える) [動] have as a quality or characteristic

veneration (尊敬) [名] great respect

esteem (尊敬) [名] a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something

尊敬、愛、尊敬を集めるあらゆる資質を備えた王子が、

of strong parts, great wisdom, and profound learning;

強い部分、偉大な知恵、深い学習の

indued with admirable talents for government, and almost adored by his subjects, should from a nice unnecessary scruple, whereof in Europe we can have no conception, let slip an opportunity put into his hands that would have made him absolute master of the lives, the liberties, and the fortunes of his people.

indued with (持つ) [動] to be given or supplied with

talent (才能) [名] a special natural ability or aptitude

government (統治) [名] the action or manner of governing

adore (崇拝する) [動] to love and respect someone deeply

should (する) [助] used to express obligation, duty, or correctness

nice (細かい) [形] very small

unnecessary (不必要) [形] not needed

scruple (良心の呵責) [名] a feeling of doubt or hesitation about whether something is right or ethical

have no conception (考えられない) [動] to be unable to imagine or understand something

let slip (逃す) [動] to allow to pass or escape

put into (手に入れる) [動] to place or insert something into something else

absolute (絶対的) [形] not qualified or diminished in any way; total

統治に素晴らしい才能を持ち、臣民からほとんど崇拝されている王子が、ヨーロッパでは考えられない、不必要で細かい良心の呵責から、国民の命、自由、財産を絶対的に支配できる機会を逃してしまうとは。

Neither do I say this with the least intention to detract from the many virtues of that excellent king, whose character, I am sensible, will on this account be very much lessened in the opinion of an English reader;

intention (つもり) [名] a determination to act in a certain way

character (性格) [名] the mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual

sensible (感じている) [形] based on or acting on good judgment or reason

very much (かなり) [副] to a great extent

lessen (低下する) [動] make or become less

私がこう言うのは、この優れた王の多くの美徳を少しでも損なうつもりは全くなく、このことでイギリス人の読者の意見では、この王の性格がかなり低下するだろうと私は感じている。

but I take this defect among them to have risen from their ignorance, they not having hitherto reduced politics into a science, as the more acute wits of Europe have done.

take (考える) [動] to consider or believe

reduce (還元する) [動] to make smaller or less

science (科学) [名] the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment

しかし、私は彼らのこの欠陥は、彼らが無知から生じたものと考えており、彼らはこれまでヨーロッパのより鋭い知恵者がしてきたように、政治を科学に還元していない。

For, I remember very well, in a discourse one day with the king, when I happened to say there were several thousand books among us written upon the art of government, it gave him (directly contrary to my intention) a very mean opinion of our understandings.

happen to say (たまたま言う) [動] say something by chance

art of government (統治の技術) [名] the art of governing

directly contrary to (正反対に) [副] in a manner opposite to

というのも、ある日王様と話していた時、私はたまたま、私たちの間には統治の技術について書かれた本が数千冊あると言い、それが(私の意図とは正反対に)私たちの理解について非常に卑劣な意見を彼に与えたことをよく覚えている。

He professed both to abominate and despise all mystery, refinement, and intrigue, either in a prince or a minister.

refinement (洗練) [名] the improvement or elaboration of something

intrigue (陰謀) [名] a secret plan or plot to achieve something, especially in a devious way

abominate (忌み嫌う) [動] to dislike something or someone very much

profess (公言する) [動] to state or declare openly

彼は、王子であろうと大臣であろうと、あらゆる神秘、洗練、陰謀を忌み嫌い、軽蔑していると公言していた。

He could not tell what I meant by secrets of state, where an enemy or some rival nation were not in the case.

rival (ライバル) [名] a person or thing competing with another for the same goal or object

彼は、敵国やライバル国が存在しない場合に、私が国家機密とは何を意味しているのか理解できなかった。

He confined the knowledge of governing within very narrow bounds, to common sense and reason, to justice and lenity, to the speedy determination of civil and criminal causes;

bound (範囲) [名] a limit on the extent of something

speedy (迅速な) [形] done or occurring very quickly

彼は統治の知識を非常に狭い範囲に限定し、常識と理性、正義と寛容、民事と刑事の原因の迅速な決定に限定した。

with some other obvious topics which are not worth considering.

with (共に) [前] in the company of

topic (話題) [名] the subject of a conversation or discussion

worth (値する) [形] meriting attention or consideration

考慮に値しない他のいくつかの明白な話題と共に。

And he gave it for his opinion, that whoever could make two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do more essential service to his country than the whole race of politicians put together.

ear (穂) [名] the seed-bearing part of a cereal plant

essential (本質的な) [形] of the utmost importance

そして彼は、以前は1本しか生えていなかった地面に2本のとうもろこしや2本の草を生やすことができる人は誰でも、政治家全体を合わせたよりも人類に貢献し、国にもっと本質的な奉仕をするだろうと意見を述べた。

The learning of this people is very defective, consisting only in morality, history, poetry, and mathematics, wherein they must be allowed to excel.

defective (欠陥がある) [形] having a defect; faulty

morality (道徳) [名] principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior

poetry (詩) [名] literary work in which the expression of feelings and ideas is given intensity by the use of distinctive style and rhythm

この人々の学問は非常に欠陥があり、道徳、歴史、詩、数学だけで構成されているが、その中で彼らは優れていると認めざるを得ない。

But the last of these is wholly applied to what may be useful in life, to the improvement of agriculture and all mechanical arts;

wholly (全面的に) [副] completely; totally

apply (応用する) [動] make practical use of

agriculture (農業) [名] the science or practice of farming

improvement (改良) [名] an addition or change that makes something better

しかし、これらの最後のものだけは、生活に役立つもの、農業やあらゆる機械技術の改良に全面的に応用されている。

so that among us it would be little esteemed.

だから、私たちの間ではほとんど評価されない。

And as to ideas, entities, abstractions, and transcendentals, I could never drive the least conception into their heads.

entity (実体) [名] something with distinct and independent existence

abstraction (抽象) [名] the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events

transcendental (超越) [形] going beyond ordinary limits; exceptional

conception (概念) [名] the ability to form or understand mental concepts; the power of conceiving

そして、観念、実体、抽象、超越については、私は彼らの頭に少しも概念を打ち込むことができなかった。

No law of that country must exceed in words the number of letters in their alphabet, which consists only in two-and-twenty.

two-and-twenty (二十二) [名] the number 22

その国の法律は、言葉の数がアルファベットの文字数を超えてはならないが、アルファベットはたった二十二文字しかない。

But indeed few of them extend even to that length.

しかし、実際のところ、その長さに及ぶ法律はほとんどない。

They are expressed in the most plain and simple terms, wherein those people are not mercurial enough to discover above one interpretation;

plain (平易な) [形] simple and straightforward

simple (単純な) [形] easy to understand or do

interpretation (解釈) [名] the action of explaining the meaning of something

法律は最も平易で単純な言葉で表現されており、その国民は一つ以上の解釈を発見するほど機転が利かない。

and to write a comment upon any law is a capital crime.

write (書く) [動] mark (letters, words, or other symbols) on a surface, typically paper, with a pen, pencil, or similar implement

comment (注釈) [名] a remark expressing an opinion or reaction

そして、どんな法律にも注釈を書くことは極刑に値する。

As to the decision of civil causes, or proceedings against criminals, their precedents are so few, that they have little reason to boast of any extraordinary skill in either.

decision (判決) [名] a determination arrived at after consideration

civil (民事) [形] of or relating to the state or its citizens

cause (事件) [名] a matter that is to be decided in a court of law

precedent (判例) [名] a legal case or decision that may be or must be followed in subsequent similar cases

boast (自慢する) [動] speak too proudly about oneself or one's achievements

民事事件の判決や犯罪者に対する手続きについては、その判例があまりに少ないため、どちらにおいても特別な技能を自慢する理由はほとんどない。

They have had the art of printing, as well as the Chinese, time out of mind.

printing (印刷) [名] the production of books, newspapers, or other printed material

彼らは中国と同じく、印刷術を太古の昔から持っている。

But their libraries are not very large;

library (図書館) [名] a place where books, magazines, and other materials are kept for people to read, borrow, or refer to

しかし、彼らの図書館はそれほど大きくない。

for that of the king, which is reckoned the biggest, does not amount to above a thousand volumes, placed in a gallery of twelve hundred feet long, whence I had liberty to borrow what books I pleased.

reckon (される) [動] be generally regarded as having a specified quality

biggest (最大) [形] of the greatest size, amount, or extent

volume (冊) [名] a book

twelve hundred (千二百) [名] the number 1200

borrow (借りる) [動] take and use something temporarily with the intention of returning it

というのも、最大とされる王の図書館でさえ、千冊を超える程度で、長さ千二百フィートの回廊に置かれており、私はそこから好きな本を自由に借りることができた。

The queen’s joiner had contrived in one of Glumdalclitch’s rooms a kind of wooden machine five-and-twenty feet high, formed like a standing ladder;

standing (立てかけられた) [形] upright or erect

女王の大工は、グルムダルクリッチの部屋の一つに、高さ二十五フィート、立てかけられた梯子のような形をした木製の機械を工夫して作った。

the steps were each fifty feet long;

fifty feet (五十フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches or 0.3048 meter

段はそれぞれ五十フィートの長さだった。

it was indeed a moveable pair of stairs, the lowest end placed at ten feet distance from the wall of the chamber.

pair of stairs (階段) [名] a set of steps leading up or down from one level to another

moveable (可動式の) [形] capable of being moved

lowest (一番下の) [形] of the least height

それは実際は可動式の階段で、一番下の端は部屋の壁から十フィート離れたところに置かれていた。

The book I had a mind to read, was put up leaning against the wall.

have a mind to (したい) [動] to be inclined or willing to do something

put up (立てかける) [動] to place or arrange in a specified position

lean against (立てかける) [動] to be in or move into a sloping position

私が読みたいと思った本は壁に立てかけられた。

I first mounted to the upper step of the ladder, and turning my face towards the book, began at the top of the page, and so walking to the right and left about eight or ten paces, according to the length of the lines, till I had gotten a little below the level of mine eyes, and then descending gradually till I came to the bottom;

upper (上の) [形] higher in position or status

page (ページ) [名] one side of a sheet of paper in a book, magazine, or newspaper

line (行) [名] a mark that is drawn or written on a surface

level (高さ) [名] a position on a scale of amount, quantity, extent, or quality

then (そして) [接] after that; next; afterwards

descend (下りる) [動] go or come down from a higher to a lower level

私はまず梯子の一番上の段に登り、顔を本の方に向けて、ページの一番上から始め、行の長さに応じて八歩か十歩ほど左右に歩き、目の高さより少し下になるまで歩き、それから徐々に下りて一番下まで来た。

after which I mounted again, and began the other page in the same manner, and so turned over the leaf, which I could easily do with both my hands, for it was as thick and stiff as a pasteboard, and in the largest folios not above eighteen or twenty feet long.

turn over (めくる) [動] change position by rotating

leaf (紙) [名] a thin material made from the pressed fibers of plants

stiff (硬い) [形] not easily bent or changed in shape

pasteboard (厚紙) [名] a type of thick, stiff paper

folio (二つ折り判) [名] a book or manuscript of the largest size

その後、私は再び登り、同じ方法で別のページを始め、両手で簡単にできる紙をめくった。それは厚紙のように厚くて硬く、最大の二つ折り判でも長さは十八フィートか二十フィートを超えなかったからだ。

Their style is clear, masculine, and smooth, but not florid;

florid (華美) [形] excessively elaborate or complicated in design, style, or language

彼らの文体は明快で、男性的で、滑らかだが、華美ではない。

for they avoid nothing more than multiplying unnecessary words, or using various expressions.

nothing more than (だけ) [副] only

彼らは不必要な言葉を増やしたり、様々な表現を使うことを避けるだけだ。

I have perused many of their books, especially those in history and morality.

peruse (読む) [動] read carefully

私は彼らの本をたくさん読んだが、特に歴史と道徳に関する本を読んだ。

Among the rest, I was much diverted with a little old treatise, which always lay in Glumdalclitch’s bedchamber, and belonged to her governess, a grave elderly gentlewoman, who dealt in writings of morality and devotion.

among the rest (他の本の中で) [名] the remaining ones

be diverted with (興味をそそられる) [動] be entertained by

lay (置いてある) [動] be in a resting position

elderly (老婦人) [形] old or aging

gentlewoman (婦人) [名] a woman of good breeding

deal in (扱う) [動] be involved in the sale of

devotion (信仰) [名] religious worship or observance

他の本の中で、私はいつもグルムダルクリッチの寝室に置いてあった小さな古い論文にとても興味をそそられたが、それは道徳と信仰の著作を扱う、彼女の家庭教師である真面目な老婦人のものだった。

The book treats of the weakness of human kind, and is in little esteem except among the women and the vulgar.

その本は人間の弱さを扱っており、女性と下品な人々を除いてあまり評価されていない。

However, I was curious to see what an author of that country could say upon such a subject.

しかし、私はその国の著者がそのような主題について何を語るのか興味があった。

This writer went through all the usual topics of European moralists, showing how diminutive, contemptible, and helpless an animal was man in his own nature;

go through (取り上げる) [動] discuss or examine in detail

usual (ありきたりの) [形] common or ordinary

moralist (道徳主義者) [名] a person who is concerned with morality

helpless (無力な) [形] unable to defend oneself or to act without help

この著者はヨーロッパの道徳主義者のありきたりの話題をすべて取り上げ、人間が本質的にどれほど小さく、卑劣で、無力な動物であるかを明らかにした。

how unable to defend himself from the inclemencies of the air, or the fury of wild beasts;

fury (怒り) [名] violent anger

wild beast (野獣) [名] a wild animal

いかに空気の厳しさや野獣の怒りから身を守ることができないか。

how much he was excelled by one creature in strength, by another in speed, by a third in foresight, by a fourth in industry.

foresight (先見の明) [名] the ability to predict or the action of predicting what will happen or be needed in the future

industry (勤勉さ) [名] the quality of being hard-working and diligent

いかに人間が強さではある動物に、速さでは別の動物に、先見の明では三番目の動物に、勤勉さでは四番目の動物に優れているか。

He added that nature was degenerated in these latter declining ages of the world, and could now produce only small abortive births in comparison of those in ancient times.

decline (衰退) [動] become smaller, fewer, or less

produce (産む) [動] make or create something

abortive (未熟児) [形] unsuccessful or not completed

彼は、世界のこの後半の衰退期には自然が退化し、古代に比べて小さな未熟児しか産めなくなったと付け加えた。

He said it was very reasonable to think, not only that the species of men were originally much larger, but also that there must have been giants in former ages, which, as it is asserted by history and tradition, so it has been confirmed by huge bones and skulls casually dug up in several parts of the kingdom, far exceeding the common dwindled race of man in our days.

reasonable (理にかなった) [形] having sound judgment; fair and just

originally (もともと) [副] from or in the beginning

tradition (伝承) [名] the handing down of information, beliefs, and customs by word of mouth or by example from one generation to another without written instruction

skull (頭蓋骨) [名] the structure of bones that forms the head in vertebrates

casually (偶然に) [副] without definite or serious intention

dig up (掘り出す) [動] to remove earth from

race (人類) [名] a group of people sharing the same culture, history, language, etc.

彼は、人間という種はもともともっと大きかっただけでなく、歴史や伝承で主張されているように、昔は巨人がいたに違いないと考えるのは非常に理にかなったことだと言った。それは、王国の各地で偶然掘り出された巨大な骨や頭蓋骨によって確認されており、現代の一般的な衰退した人類をはるかに超えている。

He argued that the very laws of nature absolutely required we should have been made, in the beginning, of a size more large and robust, not so liable to destruction from every little accident of a tile falling from a house or a stone cast from the hand of a boy, or of being drowned in a little brook.

law of nature (自然の法則) [名] a statement of fact or truth about the natural world

in the beginning (最初に) [副] at the start

liable (しやすい) [形] likely to do or suffer from something

destruction (破壊) [名] the action of destroying something

tile (瓦) [名] a thin slab of baked clay, stone, or concrete, used in covering roofs, floors, or walls

brook (小川) [名] a small stream of water

彼は、自然の法則そのものが、私たちが最初にもっと大きくて頑丈なサイズで作られるべきだと絶対に要求しており、家から落ちた瓦や少年の手から投げられた石などの小さな事故で破壊されたり、小さな小川で溺れたりしないようにすべきだと主張した。

From this way of reasoning the author drew several moral applications, useful in the conduct of life, but needless here to repeat.

way of reasoning (推論) [名] the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment

application (応用) [名] the act of using something in a particular situation

needless (繰り返す必要はない) [形] not necessary or required

著者はこのような推論から、人生の行動に役立ついくつかの道徳的応用を引き出したが、ここで繰り返す必要はない。

For my own part, I could not avoid reflecting how universally this talent was spread of drawing lectures in morality, or indeed rather matter of discontent and repining, from the quarrels we raise with nature.

could not avoid (せずにはいられなかった) [動] be unable to refrain from doing something

reflecting (考える) [動] think carefully about something

how universally (どれほど普遍的に) [副] to what extent or degree

this talent (この才能) [名] a special natural ability or aptitude

was spread (広がっている) [動] be distributed or dispersed over a wide area

of drawing (引き出したり) [動] make a picture with a pencil, pen, or crayon

lectures (講義) [名] a talk or speech given to an audience

in morality (道徳) [名] principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior

or indeed rather (むしろ) [接] or more accurately

of discontent (不満) [名] a feeling of dissatisfaction

repining (不平を言う) [動] express dissatisfaction or complain

the quarrels (争い) [名] an angry argument or disagreement

we raise (起こす) [動] cause to happen or occur

私としては、私たちが自然と起こす争いから、道徳の講義を引き出したり、むしろ不満や不平を言うという才能がどれほど普遍的に広がっているかを考えずにはいられなかった。

And I believe, upon a strict inquiry, those quarrels might be shown as ill-grounded among us as they are among that people.

inquiry (調査) [名] an official examination of the facts about a situation, crime, etc.

quarrel (争い) [名] an angry argument or disagreement

ill-grounded (根拠のない) [形] not based on good evidence or reasoning

そして、厳密に調べてみると、そうした争いは、あの人々の間と同じように、私たちの間でも根拠のないものであることが示されるだろうと思う。

As to their military affairs, they boast that the king’s army consists of a hundred and seventy-six thousand foot and thirty-two thousand horse: if that may be called an army which is made up of tradesmen in the several cities, and farmers in the country, whose commanders are only the nobility and gentry, without pay or reward.

affair (面) [名] a matter or situation

country (地方) [名] a political state or nation or its territory

pay (給料) [名] money paid to someone for regular work

軍事面では、国王の軍隊は歩兵十七万六千、騎兵三万二千を擁すると自慢しているが、各都市の商人や地方の農民で構成され、指揮官は貴族や紳士だけで、給料も報酬もない軍隊をそう呼べるならばの話である。

They are indeed perfect enough in their exercises, and under very good discipline, wherein I saw no great merit;

discipline (規律) [名] the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct disobedience

彼らは確かに訓練は十分に完璧で、非常に良い規律の下にあるのだが、私はそこに大した価値を見出せなかった。

for how should it be otherwise, where every farmer is under the command of his own landlord, and every citizen under that of the principal men in his own city, chosen, after the manner of Venice, by ballot?

citizen (市民) [名] a person who lives in a city

principal (有力者) [名] the person with the highest authority or most important position in an organization

Venice (ヴェネツィア) [名] a city in northeastern Italy

ballot (無記名投票) [名] a method of voting in which the voter's choices are secret

農民はみな自分の地主の指揮下にあり、市民はみなヴェネツィア流に無記名投票で選ばれた自分の町の有力者の指揮下にあるという状況で、どうしてそうならないことがあるだろうか?

I have often seen the militia of Lorbrulgrud drawn out to exercise in a great field near the city, of twenty miles square.

draw out (引き出す) [動] to cause to come out

twenty miles square (二十平方マイル) [名] an area of twenty square miles

私はしばしば、ロブルグルッドの民兵が市の近くの二十平方マイルもある広大な野原で訓練しているのを見た。

They were in all not above twenty-five thousand foot, and six thousand horse;

be in all (全部で) [動] be the total number of

twenty-five thousand (二万五千) [数] 25000

全部で歩兵二万五千、騎兵六千を超えることはなかった。

but it was impossible for me to compute their number, considering the space of ground they took up.

take up (占領する) [動] occupy or fill

しかし、彼らが占領している地面の広さを考えると、私にはその数を計算することは不可能だった。

A cavalier mounted on a large steed might be about a hundred feet high.

cavalier (騎士) [名] a horseman

mount (乗る) [動] get up on or into

steed (馬) [名] a horse

大きな馬に乗った騎士は、高さ百フィートほどだった。

I have seen this whole body of horse, upon a word of command, draw their swords at once and brandish them in the air.

whole body (全員) [名] all of the people in a group

once (一斉に) [副] on one occasion only

brandish (振り回す) [動] wave or flourish (something, especially a weapon) as a threat or in anger or excitement

私はこの騎兵隊が、号令一下、一斉に剣を抜いて空中で振り回すのを見たことがある。

Imagination can figure nothing so grand, so surprising, and so astonishing!

figure (描き出す) [動] to be a symbol of or represent

grand (壮大な) [形] impressive or imposing in size, extent, or conception

surprising (驚くべき) [形] causing surprise

astonishing (驚愕するような) [形] causing astonishment

想像力では、これほど壮大で、驚くべき、そして驚愕するようなことは何も描き出せない!

It looked as if ten thousand flashes of lightning were darting at the same time from every quarter of the sky.

flash (閃光) [名] a sudden brief burst of light

lightning (稲妻) [名] a natural electrical discharge of very short duration and high voltage

dart (走る) [動] move suddenly and rapidly

まるで空の四方八方から一万の稲妻が同時に走っているかのようだった。

I was curious to know how this prince, to whose dominions there is no access from any other country, came to think of armies, or to teach his people the practice of military discipline.

be curious to know (知りたいと思う) [動] want to know something

practice (訓練) [名] the action of regularly or frequently doing something

私は、他の国からアクセスできないこの王子が、どうやって軍隊のことを考えるようになったのか、あるいは国民に軍事訓練を教えるようになったのかを知りたいと思った。

But I was soon informed, both by conversation and reading their histories;

しかし、私はすぐに会話や彼らの歴史を読むことで知った。

for in the course of many ages they have been troubled with the same disease to which so many other governments are subject:

in the course of (間に) [前] during

many ages (長い年月) [名] a long period of time

have been troubled with (悩まされてきた) [動] have been bothered by

the same disease (同じ病気) [名] the same problem

to which (被っている) [関] that

so many other governments (他の多くの政府) [名] other governments

are subject (被っている) [動] are affected by

なぜなら、長い年月の間に、彼らは他の多くの政府が被っているのと同じ病気に悩まされてきたからである。

the nobility often contending for power, the people for liberty, and the king for absolute dominion.

contend (争う) [動] compete for or strive to gain or win

people (民衆) [名] the body of citizens of a state or country

dominion (支配権) [名] supreme authority

貴族はしばしば権力を、民衆は自由を、王は絶対的な支配権を争った。

All which, however happily tempered by the laws of the kingdom, have been sometimes violated by each of the three parties, and have once or more occasioned civil wars;

happily (うまく) [副] in a happy way

temper (調整する) [動] to make something less extreme or intense

violate (侵害する) [動] break or fail to comply with

party (者) [名] a person or group of people who are involved in an action or situation

occasion (引き起こす) [動] to be the cause of

civil war (内戦) [名] a war between different groups of people in the same country

これらはすべて、王国の法律によってうまく調整されていたが、三者それぞれによって侵害されることがあり、一度ならず内戦を引き起こした。

the last whereof was happily put an end to by this prince’s grandfather by a general composition;

put an end to (終結させる) [動] cause to stop

composition (和解) [名] the action of putting things together in a particular way

その最後の内戦は、この王子の祖父によって、一般的な和解によって無事に終結させられた。

and the militia then settled with common consent has been ever since kept in the strictest duty.

common consent (全会一致) [名] the agreement of all people involved

settle (決まる) [動] reach a decision about something

ever since (それ以来) [副] continuously from a particular time in the past

そして、その時に全会一致で決まった民兵は、それ以来ずっと厳しい任務を守り続けている。

CHAPTER VIII

第八章

THE KING AND QUEEN MAKE A PROGRESS TO THE FRONTIERS—THE AUTHOR ATTENDS THEM—THE MANNER IN WHICH HE LEAVES THE COUNTRY VERY PARTICULARLY RELATED—HE RETURNS TO ENGLAND.

make a progress (行幸する) [動] travel around a country

particularly (詳細に) [副] to a great extent; very much

国王と女王が国境へ行幸するー著者が随行するー著者が国を去る様子について詳細に語られるー著者がイギリスへ帰国する。

I had always a strong impulse that I should sometime recover my liberty, though it was impossible to conjecture by what means, or to form any project with the least hope of succeeding.

have a strong impulse (強い衝動を抱く) [動] have a strong desire to do something

succeed (成功する) [動] achieve the desired aim or result

私はいつか自由を取り戻すだろうという強い衝動を常に抱いていたが、どんな手段で自由を取り戻すのか推測することも、成功する見込みのある計画を立てることも不可能だった。

The ship in which I sailed was the first ever known to be driven within sight of that coast, and the king had given strict orders that if at any time another appeared, it should be taken ashore, and with all its crew and passengers brought in a tumbril to Lorbrulgrud.

take (引き上げる) [動] move something or someone to a different place

passenger (乗客) [名] a person who is traveling in a vehicle, but not driving it

bring (連れて来る) [動] cause someone or something to come to a place

私が乗っていた船は、その海岸が見える範囲まで流されたことが知られている最初の船であり、国王は、いつか別の船が現れた場合には、その船を岸に引き上げ、乗組員と乗客全員を荷車に乗せてロブルグルドに連れて来るようにと厳命していた。

He was strongly bent to get me a woman of my own size, by whom I might propagate the breed;

be bent to (~する意向がある) [動] be determined to do something

get (与える) [動] obtain by purchase, gift, or other means

彼は私に私と同じ大きさの女性を与えて、私が子孫を残せるようにしたいという強い意向を持っていた。

but I think I should rather have died than undergone the disgrace of leaving a posterity to be kept in cages like tame canary birds, and perhaps in time sold about the kingdom to persons of quality, for curiosities.

tame (飼いならされた) [形] not wild; domesticated

canary (カナリア) [名] a small, yellow, singing bird

perhaps (やがて) [副] possibly

sell (売られる) [動] give or hand over in exchange for money

しかし、私は、飼いならされたカナリアのように鳥かごに入れられ、やがて王国中で珍品として身分の高い人々に売られるような子孫を残すという恥辱を受けるくらいなら、死んだ方がましだと思った。

I was indeed treated with much kindness: I was the favorite of a great king and queen, and the delight of the whole court;

私は確かにとても親切に扱われた。私は偉大な国王と女王のお気に入りであり、宮廷全体の人気者だった。

but it was upon such a footing as ill became the dignity of human kind.

footing (立場) [名] the position of a person or organization in relation to others

しかし、それは人間の尊厳にふさわしくないような立場だった。

I could never forget those domestic pledges I had left behind me.

domestic (家庭の) [形] of or relating to a house or home

私は、私が残してきた家庭の誓いを決して忘れることができなかった。

I wanted to be among people with whom I could converse upon even terms, and walk about the streets and fields without fear of being trod to death like a frog or a young puppy.

私は、対等に会話できる人々の中にいたいと思ったし、カエルや子犬のように踏み殺される心配をせずに街や野原を歩き回りたいと思った。

But my deliverance came sooner than I expected, and in a manner not very common;

deliverance (救済) [名] the action of being rescued or set free

しかし、私の救済は私が予想していたよりも早く、あまり一般的ではない方法で訪れた。

the whole story and circumstances of which I shall faithfully relate.

story (状況) [名] an account of imaginary or real people and events told for entertainment

faithfully (忠実に) [副] loyally; reliably

その全貌と状況を忠実に語ろう。

I had now been two years in this country;

私はこの国に来て二年になる。

and about the beginning of the third, Glumdalclitch and I attended the king and queen in a progress to the south coast of the kingdom.

about the beginning of (初め頃) [名] the first part of something

そして三年目の初め頃、グルムダルクリッチと私は王と女王に従って王国の南海岸へ旅した。

I was carried as usual in my traveling box, which, as I have already described, was a very convenient closet of twelve feet wide.

as usual (いつものように) [副] in the usual way

twelve feet (十二フィート) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

私はいつものように旅行箱に入れて運ばれた。それはすでに述べたように、幅十二フィートのとても便利な箱だった。

And I had ordered a hammock to be fixed by silken ropes from the four corners at the top, to break the jolts when a servant carried me before him on horseback, as I sometimes desired;

four corners (四隅) [名] the four points at which two lines intersect

そして私は、時々私が望むように、召使が馬に乗って私の前で私を運ぶときの衝撃を和らげるために、上部の四隅から絹のロープでハンモックを固定するように命じていた。

and would often sleep in my hammock while we were upon the road.

upon the road (道中) [名] on the road

そして、道中はよくハンモックで寝た。

On the roof of my closet, not directly over the middle of the hammock, I ordered the joiner to cut out a hole of a foot square, to give me air in hot weather as I slept;

on the roof of (の屋根に) [前] on the top of

not directly over (の真ん中ではなく) [前] not immediately above

cut out (開ける) [動] make a hole in

hot weather (暑い季節) [名] weather that is warm or hot

私の箱の屋根には、ハンモックの真ん中ではなく、大工に1フィート四方の穴を開けてもらい、暑い季節に寝ている間に空気が入るようにした。

which hole I shut at pleasure with a board that drew backwards and forwards through a groove.

groove (溝) [名] a long, narrow channel or depression

その穴は、溝を通して前後に動かす板で自由に閉じることができた。

When we came to our journey’s end, the king thought proper to pass a few days at a palace he has near Flanflasnic, a city within eighteen English miles of the seaside.

come to (近づく) [動] approach or reach

think proper (適当だと考えた) [動] to consider something to be right or appropriate

Flanflasnic (フランフラスニック) [名] a city in the story

English miles (マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1.609 kilometers

seaside (海岸) [名] the land bordering the sea

旅の終わりに近づいた時、王は海岸から18マイル以内にあるフランフラスニックという町の近くにある宮殿で数日を過ごすのが適当だと考えた。

Glumdalclitch and I were much fatigued;

be fatigued (疲れている) [動] be very tired

グルムダルクリッチと私はとても疲れていた。

I had gotten a small cold, but the poor girl was so ill as to be confined to her chamber.

get (ひく) [動] become affected with

cold (風邪) [名] an acute viral infection of the upper respiratory tract

ill (病気) [形] suffering from a disease or period of sickness affecting the body and mind

be confined to (閉じこもる) [動] be kept or restricted to

私は少し風邪をひいていたが、かわいそうな娘は病気で部屋に閉じこもっていた。

I longed to see the ocean, which must be the only scene of my escape, if ever it should happen.

long (切望する) [動] to feel a strong desire or wish for

escape (逃げ道) [名] an act of escaping

only (唯一の) [形] being the only one

私は海を見たいと切望していた。もし逃げ出すとしたら、そこが唯一の逃げ道になるはずだった。

I pretended to be worse than I really was, and desired leave to take the fresh air of the sea, with a page whom I was very fond of, and who had sometimes been trusted with me.

take (吸いに行く) [動] to go to a place in order to do something

私は実際よりも具合が悪いふりをして、私がとても気に入っていて、時々私を任されていた小姓と一緒に海の新鮮な空気を吸いに行きたいと申し出た。

I shall never forget with what unwillingness Glumdalclitch consented, nor the strict charge she gave the page to be careful of me, bursting at the same time into a flood of tears, as if she had some foreboding of what was to happen.

unwillingness (不本意) [名] the state of being unwilling

charge (言いつける) [動] give an order or command to

flood (洪水) [名] a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry

foreboding (予感) [名] a feeling that something bad will happen

グルムダルクリッチがどれほど不本意に同意したのか、また、彼女が小姓に私を気をつけるように厳しく言いつけたこと、そして、何かが起こる予感がするかのように、同時に涙を流したことを私は決して忘れないだろう。

The boy took me out in my box, about half an hour’s walk from the palace, towards the rocks on the seashore.

seashore (海岸) [名] an area of land beside the sea

少年は私を箱に入れて連れ出し、宮殿から海岸の岩場に向かって約30分歩いた。

I ordered him to set me down, and lifting up one of my sashes, cast many a wistful melancholy look towards the sea.

cast (投げかける) [動] throw or hurl

wistful (物欲しげな) [形] having or showing a feeling of vague or regretful longing

私は彼に私を下ろすように命じ、窓の1つを持ち上げて、海に向かって何度も物欲しげな憂鬱な視線を投げかけた。

I found myself not very well, and told the page that I had a mind to take a nap in my hammock, which I hoped would do me good.

not very well (あまり具合がよくないこと) [副] not in good health

take a nap (昼寝をする) [動] sleep for a short period of time

do good (元気になる) [動] benefit

私はあまり具合がよくないことに気づき、小姓にハンモックで昼寝をしたいと言い、それで元気になることを期待した。

I got in, and the boy shut the window close down to keep out the cold.

keep out (防ぐ) [動] prevent from entering

私は中に入り、少年は寒さを防ぐために窓を閉めた。

I soon fell asleep, and all I can conjecture is that while I slept, the page, thinking no danger could happen, went among the rocks to look for birds’ eggs, having before observed him from my window searching about, and picking up one or two in the clefts.

fall asleep (眠り込む) [動] go to sleep

search (探す) [動] try to find something by looking or otherwise seeking carefully and thoroughly

two (2つ) [名] a number equal to one plus one

cleft (割れ目) [名] a split or crack

私はすぐに眠り込んでしまい、推測できることは、私が眠っている間に、小姓は危険は起こり得ないと思って、岩の間に鳥の卵を探しに行ったということだけだ。以前に私の窓から彼が探し回り、割れ目から1つか2つ拾い上げているのを見たことがあった。

Be that as it will, I found myself suddenly awakened with a violent pull upon the ring which was fastened at the top of my box for the conveniency of carriage.

be that as it will (いずれにせよ) [副] in any case; whatever happens

find oneself (目が覚める) [動] to become aware of one's own situation or identity

awaken (目が覚める) [動] to become awake

ring (リング) [名] a circular band of metal or other hard material, especially one worn as jewelry

いずれにせよ、私は運搬の便宜のために箱の上に固定されていたリングを激しく引っ張られて突然目が覚めた。

I felt my box raised very high in the air, and then borne forward with prodigious speed.

私は箱が空中に高く持ち上げられたのを感じ、それから驚くべき速さで前進した。

The first jolt had like to have shaken me out of my hammock, but afterwards the motion was easy enough.

最初の衝撃でハンモックから落ちそうになったが、その後は動きは十分に楽だった。

I called out several times as loud as I could raise my voice, but all to no purpose.

call out (呼びかける) [動] shout or say something loudly

no purpose (無駄) [名] a lack of meaning or purpose

私は声を限りに何度も呼びかけたが、すべて無駄だった。

I looked towards my windows, and could see nothing but the clouds and sky.

look towards (の方を見る) [動] turn one's eyes in the direction of

cloud (雲) [名] a visible mass of condensed water vapor floating in the atmosphere typically high above the general level of the ground

私は窓の方を見たが、雲と空しか見えなかった。

I heard a noise over my head like the clapping of wings, and then began to perceive the woeful condition I was in;

wing (羽) [名] an organ of flight, in particular a modified forelimb bearing feathers, as in birds and bats

clapping (羽ばたき) [名] the action of striking the palms of the hands together, typically as a signal or to express appreciation

woeful (悲惨な) [形] causing great sorrow or distress

私は頭上で羽ばたきのような音を聞き、そして自分が置かれている悲惨な状況を理解し始めた。

that some eagle had got the ring of my box in his beak, with an intent to let it fall on a rock like a tortoise in a shell, and then pick out my body and devour it:

eagle (ワシ) [名] a large bird of prey with a hooked beak and long broad wings

beak (くちばし) [名] the horny projecting mouth parts of a bird

tortoise (亀) [名] a slow-moving land reptile with a shell into which it can withdraw its head and legs

ワシが私の箱の輪をくちばしでくわえ、それを甲羅の中の亀のように岩に落として、私の体を取り出して食べようとしているのだ。

for the sagacity and smell of this bird enable him to discover his quarry at a great distance, though better concealed than I could be within a two-inch board.

smell (嗅覚) [名] the ability to sense a particular thing

quarry (獲物) [名] an animal that is hunted

この鳥の賢さと嗅覚は、私が2インチの板の中に隠れているよりももっとうまく隠れていても、遠くから獲物を発見することができる。

In a little time I observed the noise and flutter of wings to increase very fast, and my box was tossed up and down like a signpost in a windy day.

flutter (羽ばたき) [名] a rapid vibration or pulsation

very fast (急に) [副] at high speed

toss (揺さぶられる) [動] throw or roll (something) around or over and over

up and down (上下に) [副] in an alternating upward and downward direction

signpost (道標) [名] a sign on a post, especially one giving directions or distances

しばらくすると、羽ばたきの音が急に大きくなり、私の箱は風の強い日の道標のように上下に揺さぶられた。

I heard several bangs or buffets, as I thought, given to the eagle (for such I am certain it must have been that held the ring of my box in his beak), and then all on a sudden felt myself falling perpendicularly down for above a minute, but with such incredible swiftness that I almost lost my breath.

ワシ(私の箱の輪をくちばしでくわえていたのはワシに違いない)に何度か殴打や打撃を与える音が聞こえ、それから突然、1分以上も垂直に落下しているように感じたが、信じられないほどの速さで息もつかせないほどだった。

My fall was stopped by a terrible squash, that sounded louder to my ears than the cataract of Niagara; after which, I was quite in the dark for another minute, and then my box began to rise so high that I could see light from the tops of my windows.

squash (衝撃) [名] a sudden, violent compression or flattening

sound (聞こえる) [動] be perceived or understood

Niagara (ナイアガラ) [名] a city in western New York State

cataract (滝) [名] a large waterfall

dark (暗闇) [名] the absence of light

私の落下は、ナイアガラの滝よりも私の耳には大きく聞こえた恐ろしい衝撃によって止まった。その後、私はもう一分間暗闇の中にいたが、それから私の箱は高く上昇し始め、窓の上から光が見えるようになった。

I now perceived I was fallen into the sea.

私は今、自分が海に落ちたことを知った。

My box, by the weight of my body, the goods that were in it, and the broad plates of iron fixed for strength at the four corners of the top and bottom, floated about five feet deep in water.

goods (品物) [名] merchandise or possessions

float (浮かぶ) [動] rest or move on the surface of a liquid without sinking

私の箱は、私の体重と、中に入っていた品物と、上と下の四隅に強度を保つために固定された広い鉄板によって、水深約5フィートのところに浮かんでいた。

I did then and do now suppose that the eagle which flew away with my box was pursued by two or three others, and forced to let me drop while he was defending himself against the rest, who hoped to share in the prey.

fly away (飛び去る) [動] leave quickly

私はその時も今も、私の箱を持って飛び去ったワシは、他の二、三羽に追われ、獲物を分け合おうとする他のワシから身を守っている間に、私を落とさざるを得なかったのではないかと推測している。

The plates of iron fastened at the bottom of the box (for those were the strongest) preserved the balance while it fell, and hindered it from being broken on the surface of the water.

箱の底に固定された鉄板(最も強度があるため)は、落下中にバランスを保ち、水面で壊れるのを防いだ。

Every joint of it was well grooved;

every (すべての) [形] each and all of a group

joint (継ぎ目) [名] a place where two or more things are joined

すべての継ぎ目は溝が深く掘られていた。

and the door did not move on hinges, but up and down like a sash, which kept my closet so tight that very little water came in.

sash (サッシ) [名] a frame in which panes of glass are set

tight (密閉) [形] fitting closely or too closely

ドアは蝶番で動くのではなく、サッシのように上下に動くので、私のクローゼットはほとんど水が入ってこないほど密閉されていた。

I got with much difficulty out of my hammock, having first ventured to draw back the slip-board on the roof already mentioned, contrived on purpose to let in air, for want of which I found myself almost stifled.

get out of (抜け出す) [動] leave or escape from

draw back (引き戻す) [動] pull back

slip-board (滑り板) [名] a board that can be slid into or out of a position

already mentioned (先に述べた) [形] previously mentioned

find oneself (~しそうになる) [動] discover or realize that one is in a particular situation

stifle (窒息する) [動] die from lack of oxygen

私は、先に述べた屋根の滑り板を思い切って引き戻し、空気を入れるために工夫したハンモックから、非常に困難に抜け出したが、その空気がなくて私はほとんど窒息しそうになった。

How often did I then wish myself with my dear Glumdalclitch, from whom one single hour had so far divided me!

how often (何度) [副] how many times

dear (愛する) [形] loved or liked very much

one single hour (たった一時間) [名] a period of 60 minutes

so far (遠く) [副] to a great extent; very much

divide (離れる) [動] cause to be separated

たった一時間で遠く離れてしまった愛するグルムダルクリッチと一緒にいたいと何度思ったことか!

And I may say with truth, that in the midst of my own misfortunes I could not forbear lamenting my poor nurse, the grief she would suffer for my loss, the displeasure of the queen, and the ruin of her fortune.

forbear (堪える) [動] to refrain from doing something

suffer (被る) [動] to feel pain or distress

displeasure (不興) [名] a feeling of annoyance or slight anger

そして、私は自分の不幸の真っ只中に、私の哀れな乳母、私の喪失によって彼女が被るであろう悲しみ、女王の不興、そして彼女の運命の破滅を嘆かずにはいられなかったと正直に言うことができる。

Perhaps many travelers have not been under greater difficulties and distress than I was at this juncture, expecting every moment to see my box dashed in pieces, or at least overset by the first violent blast, or a rising wave.

juncture (時点で) [名] a point in time

blast (突風) [名] a strong gust of wind

rising (高まる) [形] increasing in amount, value, or strength

おそらく多くの旅行者は、この時点での私よりも大きな困難や苦悩にさらされたことはないだろう。私は箱が粉々に砕け散るか、少なくとも最初の激しい突風や高波でひっくり返されるのを今か今かと待ち構えていた。

A breach in one single pane of glass would have been immediate death;

breach (割れ目) [名] a gap in a wall, barrier, or defence

pane (ガラス) [名] a sheet of glass in a window or door

immediate (即死) [形] happening or done without delay

ガラスが一枚でも割れたら即死だっただろう。

nor could anything have preserved the windows but the strong lattice wires placed on the outside against accidents in traveling.

lattice (格子状の) [名] a structure consisting of a network of strips of wood or metal crossing each other with square or diamond-shaped spaces between them

wire (ワイヤー) [名] a metal strand or rod

旅行中の事故に備えて外側に張られた頑丈な格子状のワイヤー以外に窓を守るものはなかった。

I saw the water ooze in at several crannies, although the leaks were not considerable, and I endeavored to stop them as well as I could.

ooze (にじみ出る) [動] flow or leak out slowly

cranny (隙間) [名] a small, narrow space

considerable (たいしたことがない) [形] large in amount or extent

水漏れはたいしたことはなかったが、いくつかの隙間から水がにじみ出ているのを見て、できるだけ水漏れを止めようと努力した。

I was not able to lift up the roof of my closet, which otherwise I certainly should have done, and sat on the top of it, where I might at least preserve myself some hours longer than by being shut up, as I may call it, in the hold.

hold (船倉) [名] the space below the deck of a ship, used for carrying cargo

私は箱の屋根を持ち上げることができなかったが、そうでなければ間違いなくそうして、その上に座っていただろう。そうすれば、船倉に閉じ込められているよりも、少なくとも数時間は長く生き延びることができたかもしれない。

Or if I escaped these dangers for a day or two, what could I expect but a miserable death of cold and hunger?

cold (寒さ) [名] a lack of warmth

hunger (飢え) [名] a state of having a desire to eat food

あるいは、もし私が一日か二日これらの危険から逃れたとしても、寒さと飢えによる惨めな死以外に何を期待できるだろうか?

I was four hours under these circumstances, expecting and indeed wishing every moment to be my last.

be under (置かれる) [動] be in a particular state or condition

indeed (本当に) [副] truly; really

私はこのような状況に四時間も置かれ、一刻一刻を最期の時と覚悟し、またそう願っていた。

I have already told the reader that there were two strong staples fixed upon that side of my box which had no window, and into which the servant who used to carry me on horseback would put a leathern belt, and buckle it about his waist.

私の箱の窓のない側には二つの頑丈な留め金がついていて、私を馬に乗せて運ぶ召使がそこに革のベルトを通し、腰に巻き付けていたということはすでにお話しした。

Being in this disconsolate state, I heard, or at least thought I heard, some kind of grating noise on that side of my box where the staples were fixed, and soon after I began to fancy that the box was pulled or towed along in the sea;

disconsolate (悲惨な) [形] very unhappy and disappointed

state (状態) [名] the way that something is

some kind of (何か) [名] an unspecified thing

grating (擦れる) [形] harsh or unpleasant

fix (つける) [動] to attach or fasten securely

tow (引きずる) [動] to pull something behind you

このような悲惨な状態にある時、私は留め金のついている箱の側で何かが擦れるような音を聞いた、あるいは少なくとも聞いたように思った。そしてすぐに、箱が海の中を引っ張られたり、引きずられたりしているような気がしてきた。

for I now and then felt a sort of tugging which made the waves rise near the tops of my windows, leaving me almost in the dark.

sort of (ある種の) [名] a kind of

tug (引っ張る) [動] pull hard or suddenly

というのも、時々何かが引っ張られるような感覚があり、波が私の窓の上の方にまで押し寄せてきて、私はほとんど暗闇の中に置き去りにされたからだ。

This gave me some faint hopes of relief, although I was not able to imagine how it could be brought about.

これで私は、どうやってそうなるのか想像もつかなかったが、救われるかすかな希望を持つことができた。

I ventured to unscrew one of my chairs, which were always fastened to the floor;

unscrew (ねじを外す) [動] loosen or remove the screws from

私はいつも床に固定してある椅子のねじを外すという冒険をしてみた。

and having made a hard shift to screw it down again directly under the slipping-board that I had lately opened,

make a hard shift (苦労する) [動] have a hard time doing something

screw down (ねじ止めする) [動] fasten with a screw

そして、最近開けたスライド板の真下に再びねじ止めするのに苦労した。

I mounted on the chair, and putting my mouth as near as I could to the hole,

私は椅子に乗り、口を穴にできるだけ近づけて、

I called for help in a loud voice, and in all the languages I understood.

call for (求める) [動] to ask for or request

大きな声で、私が知っているすべての言語で助けを求めた。

I then fastened my handkerchief to a stick I usually carried, and thrusting it up the hole, waved it several times in the air, that if any boat or ship were near, the seamen might conjecture some unhappy mortal to be shut up in this box.

thrust (突き刺す) [動] push or drive with force

それから、いつも持ち歩いている棒にハンカチを結びつけ、それを穴に突き刺して、何度か空中で振った。もし近くに船や船があれば、船員たちはこの箱に閉じ込められた不幸な人間がいると推測するかもしれない。

I found no effect from all I could do, but plainly perceived my closet to be moved along;

私ができることはすべて効果がなかったが、私の部屋が動いていることははっきりとわかった。

and in the space of an hour, or better, that side of the box where the staples were, and had no window, struck against something that was hard.

in the space of (の間に) [前] within the period of

strike (ぶつかる) [動] hit or come into contact with forcefully

そして一時間ほどの間に、箱の留め金がついていて窓のない側が何か固いものにぶつかった。

I apprehended it to be a rock, and found myself tossed more than ever.

toss (揺さぶる) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side

私はそれが岩だと思い、これまで以上に揺さぶられていることに気づいた。

I plainly heard a noise upon the cover of my closet, like that of a cable, and the grating of it as it passed through the ring.

grating (音) [名] a harsh or unpleasant sound

私は部屋の蓋の上でケーブルのような音と、それが輪を通るときの音をはっきりと聞いた。

I then found myself hoisted up, by degrees, at least three feet higher than I was before.

hoist up (吊り上げられる) [動] to lift something up

それから私は、以前よりも少なくとも3フィート高く、徐々に吊り上げられていることに気づいた。

Whereupon I again thrust up my stick and handkerchief, calling for help till I was almost hoarse.

thrust up (突き上げる) [動] push or move something upwards

hoarse (かれる) [形] having a rough, harsh voice

そこで私は再び棒とハンカチを突き上げ、声がかれるまで助けを求めた。

In return to which, I heard a great shout repeated three times, giving me such transports of joy as are not to be conceived but by those who feel them.

in return to which (その返事として) [句] in return for which

transport (歓喜) [名] a state of intense happiness

その返事として、大きな叫び声が三度繰り返されるのが聞こえ、それを感じた者にしかわからないような喜びの歓喜が私に与えられた。

I now heard a trampling over my head, and somebody calling through the hole with a loud voice, in the English tongue, “If there be anybody below let him speak.”

trampling (足音) [名] the sound of heavy footsteps

over (上で) [前] above or higher than

すると頭上で足音がして、誰かが穴から大声で英語で「下に誰かいたら声を出せ」と呼びかけた。

I answered, I was an Englishman, drawn by ill fortune into the greatest calamity that ever any creature underwent, and begged, by all that is moving, to be delivered out of the dungeon I was in.

Englishman (イギリス人) [名] a person from England

ill fortune (不運) [名] bad luck

calamity (災難) [名] a state of extreme distress or misfortune

dungeon (地下牢) [名] a dark, damp underground prison cell

私は答えた、私はイギリス人で、不運にもどんな生き物も経験したことのない最大の災難に巻き込まれ、今いる地下牢から救い出してくれと、あらゆる動くものに懇願した。

The voice replied, I was safe, for my box was fastened to their ship;

safe (無事) [形] free from harm or risk

声は答えた、私は無事だ、箱は船に固定されているから。

and the carpenter should immediately come and saw a hole in the cover, large enough to pull me out.

pull (引きずり出す) [動] move or cause to move toward oneself or the origin of the action

大工がすぐに来て、私を引きずり出すのに十分な大きさの穴を蓋に開けるだろう。

I answered, that was needless, and would take up too much time;

needless (無用な) [形] unnecessary

take up (かかる) [動] use or occupy

私は答えた、それは無用で、時間がかかりすぎる。

for there was no more to be done but let one of the crew put his finger into the ring, and take the box out of the sea into the ship, and so into the captain’s cabin.

there was no more to be done (やることはそれだけだった) [動] there was nothing else to do

the crew (乗組員) [名] the people who work on a ship, aircraft, or train

his (彼の) [代] belonging to or connected with a male person previously mentioned

into (に) [前] expressing movement or action with the result that someone or something is inside something

the ring (指輪) [名] a circular band, usually of precious metal and often set with gems, worn on the finger as an ornament or a token of marriage, engagement, or authority

the box (箱) [名] a container with a flat base and sides, typically having a lid

the sea (海) [名] a large expanse of salt water covering most of the earth's surface and surrounding its land masses

the ship (船) [名] a large vessel for traveling on water

the captain’s cabin (船長室) [名] the room on a ship where the captain lives

乗組員の一人が指輪に指を入れて、箱を海から船に引き上げ、船長室に運び込むだけでいい。

Some of them, upon hearing me talk so wildly, thought I was mad;

wildly (乱暴に) [副] in a wild manner

mad (狂っている) [形] insane; crazy

彼らの何人かは、私がそんなに乱暴に話すのを聞いて、私が狂っていると思った。

others laughed; for indeed it never came into my head that I was now among people of my own stature and strength.

come into one's head (頭に浮かぶ) [動] to think of something

他の人は笑った。実際、私が今、自分と同じ背丈と強さの人々の中にいることが頭に浮かばなかった。

The carpenter came, and in a few minutes sawed a passage about four feet square, then let down a small ladder, upon which I mounted, and from thence was taken into the ship in a very weak condition.

saw (切り開く) [動] cut or form (something) with a saw

passage (通路) [名] a way through

大工がやってきて、数分で約4フィート四方の通路を切り開き、それから小さな梯子を下ろしたので、私はそれに登り、そこから非常に弱った状態で船に連れて行かれた。

The sailors were all in amazement, and asked me a thousand questions, which I had no inclination to answer.

amazement (驚き) [名] a feeling of great surprise or wonder

thousand (何千もの) [名] the number 1000

船員たちは皆驚いて、私に何千もの質問をしたが、私は答える気がしなかった。

I was equally confounded at the sight of so many pigmies, for such I took them to be, after having so long accustomed my eyes to the monstrous objects I had left.

pigmy (ピグミー) [名] a member of a people of very small stature

私もまた、あまりにも多くのピグミーを見て混乱していた。というのも、私は長い間、自分の目を残してきた怪物のような物体に慣れさせてきたので、彼らをそういった存在だと思っていたからだ。

But the captain, Mr. Thomas Wilcocks, an honest worthy Shropshire man, observing I was ready to faint, took me into his cabin, gave me a cordial to comfort me, and made me turn in upon his own bed, advising me to take a little rest, of which I had great need.

Thomas Wilcocks (トーマス・ウィルコックス) [名] the captain of the ship

worthy (立派な) [形] deserving of respect

Shropshire (シュロップシャー) [名] a county in England

faint (気絶する) [動] lose consciousness

cabin (船室) [名] a room on a ship

turn in (寝る) [動] go to bed

しかし、船長のトーマス・ウィルコックス氏は、私が気絶しそうになっているのを見て、私を自分の船室に連れて行き、私を慰めるために強壮剤を与え、私を自分のベッドに寝かせ、私に少し休むように勧めてくれた。

Before I went to sleep, I gave him to understand that I had some valuable furniture in my box, too good to be lost: a fine hammock, a handsome field bed, two chairs, a table, and a cabinet;

give to understand (伝える) [動] make known or clear

valuable (貴重な) [形] of great worth or importance

too good to be lost (失くすには惜しい) [形] too valuable to be lost

handsome (立派な) [形] (of a man) good-looking

field bed (折り畳み式ベッド) [名] a portable bed that can be folded up

寝る前に、私は箱の中に失くすには惜しい貴重な家具があることを彼に伝えた。すなわち、上等なハンモック、立派な折り畳み式ベッド、椅子二脚、テーブル、そしてキャビネットである。

that my closet was hung on all sides, or rather quilted, with silk and cotton;

hang (覆う) [動] be suspended or be suspended from

rather (というよりは) [副] to a certain extent; somewhat

cotton (綿) [名] a soft, white, fibrous substance that surrounds the seeds of a tropical and subtropical plant and is used as a textile fiber and in the manufacture of cottonseed oil

私のクローゼットは四方を絹と綿で覆われている、というよりはキルティングされている。

that if he would let one of the crew bring my closet into his cabin, I would open it there before him, and show him my goods.

乗組員の一人に私のクローゼットを彼の船室に運んでもらえれば、彼の前で開けて品物を見せてあげよう。

The captain, hearing me utter these absurdities, concluded I was raving;

utter (言う) [動] express (something) by speaking

absurdity (馬鹿げたこと) [名] something that is very foolish or unreasonable

船長は私がこんな馬鹿げたことを言うのを聞いて、私が狂っていると結論を下した。

however (I suppose to pacify me), he promised to give order as I desired, and going upon deck, sent some of his men down into my closet, from whence (as I afterwards found), they drew up all my goods, and stripped off the quilting;

pacify (なだめる) [動] make calm or quiet

give order (命令を出す) [動] issue a command

go upon deck (甲板に上がる) [動] go up to the deck

strip off (剥ぎ取る) [動] remove all of one's clothes

quilting (キルティング) [名] a material or garment made by quilting

しかし(私をなだめるためだろう)、彼は私の望むように命令を出すことを約束し、甲板に上がって、部下の何人かを私のクローゼットに送り込み、そこから(後でわかったのだが)彼らは私の品物をすべて引き上げ、キルティングを剥ぎ取った。

but the chairs, cabinet, and bedstead, being screwed to the floor, were much damaged by the ignorance of the seamen, who tore them up by force.

bedstead (ベッドステッド) [名] the framework of a bed

screw (ねじ止めする) [動] fasten or tighten with or as if with a screw

tear up (引き剥がす) [動] pull apart or to pieces with force

しかし、椅子、キャビネット、ベッドステッドは床にねじ止めされていたので、船員たちが無知にも無理やり引き剥がしたために大きな損害を受けた。

They then knocked off some of the boards for the use of the ship, and when they had got all they had a mind for, let the hulk drop into the sea, which, by reason of many breaches made in the bottom and sides, sunk to rights.

knock off (打ち落とす) [動] to cause to fall by striking

mind (欲しいもの) [名] the seat of consciousness, thought, feeling, and memory

hulk (船体) [名] the body of an old ship

breach (穴) [名] an act of breaking or failing to observe a law, agreement, or code of conduct

make (開く) [動] to cause to exist or happen

sink (沈む) [動] to go down below the surface of water, sand, etc.

それから彼らは船で使うために板の一部を打ち落とし、欲しいものをすべて手に入れると、船体を海に落とし、底や側面に多くの穴が開いていたために、船体は沈んでいった。

And, indeed, I was glad not to have been a spectator of the havoc they made;

havoc (破壊行為) [名] widespread destruction

そして、実際、彼らが行った破壊行為を目の当たりにしなくてよかったと思った。

because I am confident it would have sensibly touched me, by bringing former passages into my mind which I had rather forget.

bring (思い出させる) [動] cause to be recalled

passage (出来事) [名] an event or a series of events

なぜなら、私が忘れてしまいたい過去の出来事を思い出させ、私を感傷的にさせたに違いないからだ。

I slept some hours, but perpetually disturbed with dreams of the place I had left, and the dangers I had escaped.

some hours (数時間) [名] a period of time

disturb (悩ます) [動] interfere with

dream (夢) [名] a series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person's mind during sleep

私は数時間眠ったが、私が去った場所や逃れた危険の夢に絶えず悩まされた。

However, upon waking I found myself much recovered.

wake (目覚める) [動] stop sleeping

しかし、目覚めると、私はかなり回復していた。

It was now about eight o’clock at night, and the captain ordered supper immediately, thinking I had already fasted too long.

eight o'clock (八時) [名] eight hours after midnight

supper (夕食) [名] the last meal of the day

fast (断食する) [動] abstain from all or some kinds of food or drink

その時は夜の八時頃で、船長は私があまりに長い間断食していると思い、すぐに夕食を注文した。

He entertained me with great kindness, observing me not to look wildly, or talk inconsistently;

great kindness (とても親切に) [名] the quality of being friendly, generous, and considerate

inconsistently (支離滅裂に) [副] in a way that is not consistent

彼は私が狂ったように見えたり、支離滅裂な話をしたりしないのを観察しながら、とても親切に私をもてなしてくれた。

and when we were left alone, desired I would relate to him my travels, and by what accident I came to be set adrift in that monstrous wooden chest.

be left alone (二人きりになる) [動] be without the company of others

come to (~になる) [動] reach a certain state or condition

set adrift (流される) [動] be carried away by a current

monstrous (巨大な) [形] extremely large

そして、私たちが二人きりになった時、彼は私の旅の話や、どんな事故であの巨大な木箱に流されてしまったのかを話してほしいと言った。

He said that about twelve o’clock at noon, as he was looking through his glass, he spied it at a distance, and thought it was a sail, which he had a mind to make, being not much out of his course, in hopes of buying some biscuit, his own beginning to fall short.

about twelve o'clock (正午頃) [名] the middle of the day

glass (望遠鏡) [名] a device used to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses, or of curved mirrors and lenses, by which rays of light are collected and focused and the resulting image magn...

buy (買う) [動] obtain in exchange for payment

fall short (足りなくなる) [動] be insufficient

彼は、正午頃に望遠鏡を覗いていたところ、遠くにそれを発見し、帆だと思ったと言っていた。ビスケットを買おうと思って、あまり進路から外れていなかったため、自分のビスケットが足りなくなってきていたので、帆を張ろうと思ったのだ。

That upon coming nearer, and finding his error, he sent out his longboat, to discover what I was;

come nearer (近づいてくる) [動] move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker

error (間違い) [名] something that is incorrect or inaccurate

send out (出す) [動] cause to go or be taken to a destination

longboat (長艇) [名] the longest boat carried by a sailing ship

近づいてきて、自分の間違いに気づいた彼は、私が何者かを確かめるために長艇を出した。

that his men came back in a fright, swearing they had seen a swimming house.

彼の部下は泳いでいる家を見たと誓って、恐怖で戻ってきた。

That he laughed at their folly, and went himself in the boat, ordering his men to take a strong cable along with them.

along (共に) [副] together

彼は彼らの愚かさを笑い、部下に丈夫なケーブルを持ってくるように命じて、自らボートに乗った。

That the weather being calm, he rowed round me several times, observed my windows and the wire lattices that defended them.

calm (穏やか) [形] not stormy or windy

天候が穏やかだったので、彼は私の周りを何度か漕ぎ回り、私の窓とそれを守っている金網を観察した。

That he discovered two staples upon one side, which was all of boards, without any passage for light.

彼は、光を通す道のない、板張りの片側に2つの留め金を発見した。

He then commanded his men to row up to that side, and fastening a cable to one of the staples, ordered them to tow my chest, as he called it, towards the ship.

それから彼は部下にその側まで漕ぎ、ケーブルを留め金の1つに固定し、彼が呼ぶところの私の箱を船に向かって引っ張るように命じた。

When it was there, he gave directions to fasten another cable to the ring fixed in the cover, and to raise my chest with pulleys, which all the sailors were not able to do above two or three feet.

when it was there (そこに着くと) [副] at that time

give directions (指示する) [動] tell someone the way to go

そこに着くと、彼は別のケーブルを蓋に固定されたリングに固定し、滑車で私の箱を持ち上げるように指示したが、船員全員が2、3フィート以上持ち上げることはできなかった。

He said they saw my stick and handkerchief thrust out of the hole, and concluded that some unhappy man must be shut up in the cavity.

shut up (閉じ込める) [動] confine or imprison

cavity (空洞) [名] a hollow space within a solid object

彼は、彼らが私の棒とハンカチが穴から突き出ているのを見たと話し、何か不幸な人が空洞に閉じ込められているに違いないと結論付けた。

I asked whether he or the crew had seen any prodigious birds in the air, about the time he first discovered me.

私は、彼が私を最初に発見した頃、彼や乗組員が空中に巨大な鳥を見なかったか尋ねた。

To which he answered, that discussing this matter with the sailors while I was asleep, one of them said he had observed three eagles flying towards the north, but remarked nothing of their being larger than the usual size, which I suppose must be imputed to the great height they were at;

discuss (話し合う) [動] talk about

remark (言う) [動] say something as a comment

impute (帰する) [動] attribute something to a cause

彼はそれに答えて、私が眠っている間に船員とこの件について話し合ったところ、船員の1人が北に向かって飛んでいる3羽のワシを見たと言ったが、通常のサイズよりも大きいとは何も言わなかった。

and could not guess the reason of my question.

could not (できなかった) [助] be unable to

そして、私の質問の理由を推測できなかった。

I then asked the captain how far he reckoned we might be from land.

far (どれくらい) [副] to a great extent; a great distance

それから私は船長に、陸からどれくらい離れていると思うか尋ねた。

He said, by the best computation he could make, we were at least a hundred leagues.

彼は、できる限りの計算では、少なくとも100リーグは離れていると言った。

I assured him that he must be mistaken by almost half, for I had not left the country whence I came above two hours before I dropped into the sea.

mistake (間違っている) [動] be wrong about something

drop (落ちる) [動] fall or cause to fall

私は彼に、彼はほぼ半分間違っているに違いないと断言した。なぜなら、私は海に落ちる2時間以上前に来た国を離れていなかったからだ。

Whereupon he began again to think my brain was disturbed, of which he gave me a hint, and advised me to go to bed in a cabin he had provided.

brain (脳) [名] the organ inside the head that controls all bodily functions

give a hint (ほのめかす) [動] suggest indirectly

advise (勧める) [動] recommend a course of action

go to bed (寝る) [動] go to sleep

すると彼はまた私の脳が混乱していると思い始め、そのことをほのめかし、用意してくれた船室で寝るように勧めてくれた。

I assured him I was well refreshed with his good entertainment and company, and as much in my senses as ever I was in my life.

refresh (元気を取り戻す) [動] to make or become fresh again

entertainment (もてなし) [名] something that is intended to entertain

sense (五感) [名] any of the five faculties of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch

私は彼に、彼の良いもてなしと交際で元気を取り戻し、人生でこれまでにないほど五感が研ぎ澄まされていると断言した。

He then grew serious, and desired to ask me freely whether I were not troubled in mind by the consciousness of some enormous crime, for which I was punished at the command of some prince, by exposing me in that chest;

grow serious (真面目な顔つきになる) [動] become more serious

trouble (悩ませる) [動] cause distress or anxiety to

consciousness (自覚) [名] the state of being aware of and responsive to one's surroundings

enormous (大きな) [形] very large or great

すると彼は真面目な顔つきになって、私が何か大きな罪を犯した自覚があって、その罪のために王子の命令であの箱に閉じ込められて罰せられ、それで心を悩ませているのではないかと率直に尋ねた。

as great criminals in other countries have been forced to sea in a leaky vessel, without provisions;

leaky (水漏れする) [形] having a hole or crack that allows liquid to pass through

他の国では大罪を犯した者が、食料も積まずに水漏れする船で海に追い出されることがある。

for although he should be sorry to have taken so ill a man into his ship, yet he would engage his word to set me safe on shore, in the first port where we arrived.

for although (にもかかわらず) [接] in spite of the fact that

be sorry (後悔する) [動] feel regret or guilt

have taken (乗せてしまった) [動] cause to go with oneself

so ill a man (そんな悪い人間) [名] a man who is so ill

into his ship (船に乗せてしまった) [名] into the ship that belongs to him

would engage his word (約束してくれる) [動] would promise

set me safe on shore (私を無事に岸に降ろす) [動] put me safely on the shore

in the first port (最初に到着した港で) [名] in the first port that we arrive at

where we arrived (最初に到着した港で) [他] the port that we arrive at first

彼は、そんな悪い人間を船に乗せてしまったことを後悔するだろうが、それでも、最初に到着した港で私を無事に岸に降ろすと約束してくれるという。

He added, that his suspicions were much increased by some very absurd speeches I had delivered at first to the sailors, and afterwards to himself, in relation to my closet or chest, as well as by my odd looks and behavior while I was at supper.

speech (言葉) [名] the ability to speak

look (表情) [名] the way that someone or something appears

彼はさらに、私が最初に船員たちに、次に彼に、私のクローゼットや箱に関して話した非常にばかげた言葉や、夕食時の私の奇妙な表情や行動によって、彼の疑念がさらに強まったと付け加えた。

I begged his patience to hear me tell my story, which I faithfully did, from the last time I left England to the moment he first discovered me.

私は彼に、私の話を辛抱強く聞いてくれるように頼み、前回イギリスを離れた時から彼が私を最初に発見した時までのことを忠実に話した。

And as truth always forces its way into rational minds, so this honest worthy gentleman, who had some tincture of learning, and very good sense, was immediately convinced of my candor and veracity.

force (入り込む) [動] make one's way into or through something

tincture (多少の) [名] a slight trace or amount

candor (率直さ) [名] the quality of being open and honest in expression; frankness

そして、真理は常に理性的な心の中に入り込むので、この正直で立派な紳士は、多少の学識と非常に優れた感覚を持っていたので、すぐに私の率直さと誠実さを確信した。

But, further to confirm all I had said, I entreated him to give order that my cabinet be brought, of which I had the key in my pocket;

しかし、私が言ったことをさらに裏付けるために、私は彼に私のキャビネットを持ってくるように命令してくれるように頼んだ。

for he had already informed me how the seamen disposed of my closet.

dispose (処分する) [動] get rid of

彼はすでに船員たちが私のクローゼットをどう処分したかを教えてくれたからだ。

I opened it in his presence, and showed him the small collection of rarities I made in the country from whence I had been so strangely delivered.

collection (コレクション) [名] a group of things that have been collected

rarity (珍品) [名] something that is rare

make (集めた) [動] create, produce, or manufacture

strangely (奇妙な形で) [副] in a way that is unusual or unexpected

deliver (救出される) [動] rescue or save

私は彼の前でそれを開け、私が奇妙な形で救出された国で集めた珍品の小さなコレクションを見せた。

There was the comb I had contrived out of the stumps of the king’s beard, and another of the same material, but fixed into a paring of her majesty’s thumb nail, which served for the back.

contrive (作る) [動] plan or invent cleverly

paring (削り屑) [名] a thin strip cut off from something

nail (爪) [名] the hard covering on the end of a finger or toe

王の髭の切り株から作った櫛と、同じ材料で作ったもう一つの櫛があったが、それは女王の親指の爪の削り屑に固定されていて、背中に使われた。

There was a collection of needles and pins, from a foot to half a yard long;

長さ1フィートから半ヤードまでの針とピンのコレクションがあった。

four wasp stings like joiners’ tacks;

wasp (蜂) [名] a social or solitary winged insect that has a slender smooth body and typically a sting

tack (鋲) [名] a short sharp nail with a broad head

大工の鋲のような四つの蜂の針

some combings of the queen’s hair;

女王の髪の毛の櫛

a gold ring which one day she made me a present of in a most obliging manner, taking it from her little finger and throwing it over my head like a collar.

in a most obliging manner (とても親切な) [副] in a very kind or helpful way

take (外す) [動] remove something from a place

throw (かける) [動] move or cause to move quickly and suddenly

collar (首輪) [名] a band of leather or metal put around the neck of a person or animal

ある日、女王が小指から外して首輪のように私の頭にかけてくれた、とても親切な贈り物である金の指輪

I desired the captain would please to accept this ring in return of his civilities;

accept (受け取る) [動] to take or receive something offered

私は船長に、この指輪を彼の礼儀に対する返礼として受け取ってほしいと頼んだ。

which he absolutely refused.

absolutely (断固として) [副] in a way that is complete and without restriction or qualification

彼は断固として拒否した。

Lastly, I desired him to see the breeches I had then on, which were made of a mouse’s skin.

最後に、私は彼に私がその時着ていたズボンを見てほしいと頼んだ。それはネズミの皮でできていた。

I could force nothing on him but a footman’s tooth, which I observed him to examine with great curiosity, and found he had a fancy for it.

fancy (気に入る) [動] like or want

私は彼に従私の歯以外何も押し付けることができなかったが、彼がそれを非常に好奇心を持って調べているのを見て、彼がそれを気に入っていることがわかった。

He received it with abundance of thanks, more than such a trifle could deserve.

abundance (豊富) [名] a very large quantity of something

thanks (感謝) [名] a polite expression of gratitude

more than (以上に) [副] to a greater extent than

trifle (些細なもの) [名] something of little value or importance

彼はそれを、そんな些細なものに値する以上の感謝を込めて受け取った。

It was drawn by an unskillful surgeon, in a mistake, from one of Glumdalclitch’s men, who was afflicted with the toothache, but it was as sound as any in his head.

unskillful (不器用な) [形] lacking skill or expertise

toothache (歯痛) [名] a pain in or around a tooth

sound (丈夫な) [形] free from injury or disease

それは、歯痛に悩むグルムダルクリッチの従私の一人から、不器用な外科医が誤って抜いたものだったが、彼の頭にある他の歯と同じくらい丈夫だった。

I got it cleaned, and put it into my cabinet.

get (もらう) [動] receive

clean (きれいにする) [動] make free of dirt, marks, or mess, especially by washing, wiping, or brushing

私はそれをきれいにしてもらい、私のキャビネットに入れた。

It was about a foot long, and four inches in diameter.

それは長さ約1フィート、直径4インチだった。

The captain was very well satisfied with this plain relation I had given him, and said he hoped, when we returned to England, I would oblige the world by putting it on paper, and making it public.

be satisfied with (満足する) [動] be content with

plain (率直な) [形] simple; ordinary

relation (関係) [名] the state of being connected or related

oblige (恩返しをする) [動] make someone feel grateful

put on paper (紙に書く) [動] write down

make public (公表する) [動] make known to the public

船長は私が彼に与えたこの率直な関係に非常に満足し、私たちがイギリスに戻ったとき、私がそれを紙に書いて公表することで世界に恩返しをしてくれることを望んでいると言った。

My answer was, that I thought we were already overstocked with books of travel;

overstock (過剰にある) [動] have too much of something

私の答えは、私たちはすでに旅行記が過剰にあると思ったということだった。

that nothing could now pass which was not extraordinary;

並外れたものでなければ、今では何も通らない。

wherein I doubted some authors less consulted truth than their own vanity or interest, or the diversion of ignorant readers;

一部の著者は、自分たちの虚栄心や関心、あるいは無知な読者の気晴らしよりも真実を重視していないのではないかと疑った。

that my story could contain little besides common events, without those ornamental descriptions of strange plants, trees, birds, and other animals, or of the barbarous customs and idolatry of savage people, with which most writers abound.

ornamental (装飾的な) [形] serving to decorate or embellish

barbarous (野蛮な) [形] uncivilized or uncultured

idolatry (偶像崇拝) [名] the worship of idols

savage (野蛮人) [名] a member of a people regarded as primitive and uncivilized

abound (豊富にある) [動] be plentiful or numerous

私の物語は、奇妙な植物、木、鳥、その他の動物、あるいは野蛮な風習や野蛮人の偶像崇拝など、ほとんどの作家が豊富に持っている装飾的な描写がなければ、ありふれた出来事以外にはほとんど何も含むことができない。

However, I thanked him for his good opinion, and promised to take the matter into my thoughts.

thank (感謝する) [動] express gratitude to

good opinion (好意的な意見) [名] a positive evaluation of something

take into (考える) [動] consider

しかし、私は彼の好意的な意見に感謝し、その件について考えてみると約束した。

He said he wondered at one thing very much, which was to hear me speak so loud;

one thing (1つのこと) [名] a single thing

very much (とても) [副] to a great extent or degree

彼は、私がとても大きな声で話すのを聞いて、とても不思議に思ったと言った。

asking me whether the king and queen of that country were thick of hearing.

その国の王と女王は耳が遠いのかと私に尋ねた。

I told him it was what I had been used to for above two years past, and that I admired as much at the voices of him and his men, who seemed to me only to whisper, and yet I could hear them well enough.

be used to (慣れ親しむ) [動] be familiar with

私は、それは私が過去二年間以上慣れ親しんだことであり、私にはささやくだけのように思えた彼と彼の部下たちの声にも同じくらい感心したのだが、それでも私は彼らの声を十分に聞くことができたと彼に言った。

But when I spoke in that country, it was like a man talking in the street to another looking out from the top of a steeple, unless when I was placed on a table, or held in any person’s hand.

しかし、私があの国で話す時、私がテーブルの上に置かれたり、誰かの手に握られたりしない限り、それはまるで通りで話している人が尖塔の頂上から外を見ている別の人に話しかけているようだった。

I told him, I had likewise observed another thing, that when I first got into the ship, and the sailors stood all about me, I thought they were the most contemptible little creatures I had ever beheld.

get into (乗る) [動] go into or onto

私は彼に、私が最初に船に乗ったとき、船員たちが私の周りに立っていたとき、彼らは私が今まで見た中で最も卑劣な小さな生き物だと思った、と言った。

For, indeed, while I was in that prince’s country, I could never endure to look in a glass after my eyes had been accustomed to such prodigious objects, because the comparison gave me so despicable a conceit of myself.

be accustomed to (慣れる) [動] be used to

object (もの) [名] a material thing that can be seen and touched

give (思ってしまう) [動] cause to have

despicable (卑劣な) [形] deserving strong dislike or hatred

conceit (思い込み) [名] an excessively favorable opinion of one's own abilities or worth

実際、私があの王子の国にいる間は、私の目がそのような巨大なものに慣れてしまった後では、鏡を見ることに耐えられなかった。なぜなら、比較することで、私は自分自身を卑劣な人間だと思い込んでしまうからだ。

The captain said that while we were at supper he observed me to look at everything with a sort of wonder, and that I often seemed hardly able to contain my laughter, which he knew not well how to take, but imputed it to some disorder in my brain.

take (受け止める) [動] interpret or understand in a particular way

impute (思う) [動] regard something as being caused by

disorder (障害) [名] a disruption of normal physical or mental functions

船長は、夕食を食べている間、私があらゆるものを一種の驚きをもって眺めているのに気づき、私がしばしば笑いを抑えきれない様子だったが、どう受け止めていいかわからず、私の脳の障害のせいだと思ったと言った。

I answered, it was very true;

true (本当) [形] being in accordance with fact or reality

私は、それは本当だと答えた。

and I wondered how I could forbear, when I saw his dishes of the size of a silver threepence, a leg of pork hardly a mouthful, a cup not so big as a nutshell;

threepence (3ペンス玉) [名] a former British coin worth three pennies

pork (豚) [名] the flesh of a pig

nutshell (胡桃の殻) [名] the hard outer covering of a nut

銀の3ペンス玉ほどの大きさの皿、一口にも満たない豚の脚、胡桃の殻ほどの大きさもないカップを見たら、どうやって我慢できるだろうかと思った。

and so I went on, describing the rest of his household stuff and provisions after the same manner.

household (家庭) [名] a group of people living together in one residence

stuff (用品) [名] things

そして、私は彼の家庭用品や食料の残りを同じように説明し続けた。

For, although the queen had ordered a little equipage of all things necessary for me, while I was in her service, yet my ideas were wholly taken up with what I saw on every side of me, and I winked at my own littleness as people do at their own faults.

order (用意する) [動] to give an instruction to do something

equipage (道具) [名] a set of tools or equipment

fault (欠点) [名] a defect or weakness in a person or thing

というのも、女王は私が彼女に仕えている間に私に必要なすべてのものを少しずつ用意してくれていたが、私の考えは私の周りにあるものすべてに占領され、人々が自分の欠点に対してするように、私は自分の小ささを無視していた。

The captain understood my raillery very well, and merrily replied with the old English proverb, that he doubted my eyes were bigger than my belly, for he did not observe my stomach so good, although I had fasted all day;

raillery (からかい) [名] good-humored teasing

merrily (陽気に) [副] in a cheerful manner

proverb (ことわざ) [名] a short, well-known pithy saying

船長は私のからかいをよく理解し、陽気に古いイギリスのことわざで答えた。私の目は腹よりも大きいのではないかと疑った。私は一日中断食していたが、私の胃がそんなに良いとは思えなかったからだ。

and continuing in his mirth, protested he would have gladly given a hundred pounds to have seen my closet in the eagle’s bill, and afterwards in its fall from so great a height into the sea;

mirth (陽気) [名] amusement or laughter

protest (断言する) [動] declare firmly

そして、彼は陽気なまま、私の部屋が鷲のくちばしに挟まれ、その後、あんなに高い所から海に落ちるのを見るために喜んで百ポンド払っただろうと断言した。

which would certainly have been a most astonishing object, worthy to have the description of it transmitted to future ages;

have been (だっただろう) [助] used to describe a past state or event

astonishing (驚くべき) [形] causing great surprise or wonder

worthy (価値がある) [形] deserving effort, attention, or respect

transmitted (伝えられる) [動] cause to pass on from one place or person to another

future (後世) [名] the time that is still to come

それは確かに最も驚くべき光景で、その説明を後世に伝える価値があるだろう。

and the comparison of Phaëthon was so obvious that he could not forbear applying it, although I did not much admire the conceit.

Phaëthon (パエトン) [名] the son of Helios in Greek mythology

そして、パエトンとの比較は非常に明白だったので、私はその考えをあまり賞賛しなかったが、彼はそれを適用せずにはいられなかった。

The captain, having been at Tonquin, was in his return to England driven northeastward to the latitude of 44 degrees, and of longitude 143.

Tonquin (トンキン) [名] a historical region in what is now northern Vietnam

northeastward (北東に) [副] toward the northeast

longitude (経度) [名] the angular distance of a place east or west of the prime meridian

船長はトンキンにいたのだが、イギリスに帰る途中で北東に流され、緯度44度、経度143度に達した。

But meeting a trade-wind two days after I came on board him, we sailed southward a long time, and coasting New Holland, kept our course west-south-west, and then south-south-west, till we doubled the Cape of Good Hope.

trade-wind (貿易風) [名] a wind that blows steadily toward the equator from the northeast in the northern hemisphere or from the southeast in the southern hemisphere

come on board (乗船する) [動] get on a ship, train, or aircraft

southward (南に向かって) [副] toward the south

long time (長い間) [名] a period of time that seems to be longer than usual

keep (進路をとる) [動] continue in a certain state or condition

south-south-west (南南西) [名] the direction halfway between south and southwest

double (回る) [動] go around

しかし、私が乗船してから二日後に貿易風に遭遇したので、私たちは長い間南に向かって航海し、ニューホランドの海岸線を西南西に進み、その後南南西に進路をとり、喜望峰を回った。

Our voyage was very prosperous, but I shall not trouble the reader with a journal of it.

journal (日誌) [名] a daily record of news and events

私たちの航海は非常に順調だったが、その日誌で読者を煩わせることはしない。

The captain called in at one or two ports, and sent in his longboat for provisions and fresh water;

call in (寄港する) [動] make a brief visit

one or two (一つか二つ) [名] a small number

send in (送り出す) [動] cause to go or be taken to a destination

船長は一つか二つの港に寄港し、食料と真水を積み込むために長艇を送り出した。

but I never went out of the ship till we came into the Downs, which was on the third day of June, 1706, about nine months after my escape.

come into (着く) [動] arrive at

Downs (ダウンズ) [名] a roadstead off the east coast of Kent, England

third day (三日) [名] the day after the second day

June (六月) [名] the sixth month of the year

1706 (1706年) [名] the year 1706

about nine months (約九ヶ月) [名] approximately nine months

escape (脱出) [名] the act of breaking free from confinement or control

しかし、私は船がダウンズに着くまで船から出ることはなかった。それは私が脱出してから約九ヶ月後の、1706年六月三日のことだった。

I offered to leave my goods in security for payment of my freight, but the captain protested he would not receive one farthing.

security (担保) [名] something that is given or held as a guarantee of repayment

freight (運賃) [名] the charge for transporting goods

one farthing (一ファーシング) [名] a former British coin worth one quarter of a penny

私は運賃の支払いのために私の品物を担保に残すことを申し出たが、船長は一ファーシングも受け取らないと抗議した。

We took kind leave of each other, and I made him promise he would come to see me at my house in Redriff.

私たちは互いに親切に別れを告げ、私は彼にレッドリフの私の家まで会いに来てくれるよう約束させた。

I hired a horse and guide for five shillings, which I borrowed of the captain.

shilling (シリング) [名] a former British coin and monetary unit equal to one twentieth of a pound

私は船長から借りた五シリングで馬と案内人を雇った。

As I was on the road, observing the littleness of the houses, the trees, the cattle, and the people, I began to think myself in Lilliput.

on the road (道を歩きながら) [副] traveling

道を歩きながら、家や木々、家畜や人々の小ささを見て、私は自分がリリパットにいるのではないかと思い始めた。

I was afraid of trampling on every traveler I met, and often called aloud to have them stand out of the way, so that I had like to have gotten one or two broken heads for my impertinence.

trample on (踏みつける) [動] step on heavily and forcefully

traveler (旅人) [名] a person who is traveling

meet (出会う) [動] come across or into the presence of

stand out of the way (道からどく) [動] move aside

私は出会う旅人すべてを踏みつけてしまうのではないかと恐れ、道からどくように大声で呼びかけることが多かったので、私の無礼な態度のために頭を割られたことが一度や二度あった。

When I came to my own house, for which I was forced to inquire, one of the servants opening the door, I bent down to go in (like a goose under a gate), for fear of striking my head.

inquire (尋ねる) [動] ask a question

strike (ぶつける) [動] hit with force

自分の家まで来ると、私は尋ねざるを得ず、召使の一人がドアを開けてくれたので、頭をぶつけるのを恐れて、(門の下のガチョウのように)かがんで中に入った。

My wife ran out to embrace me, but I stooped lower than her knees, thinking she could otherwise never be able to reach my mouth.

run out (走り出す) [動] leave a place quickly

embrace (抱きしめる) [動] hold someone closely in one's arms, typically to show affection

妻は私を抱きしめようと走り出したが、私は彼女の膝よりも低くかがんだ。そうしなければ彼女は私の口に届かないだろうと思ったからだ。

My daughter kneeled to ask my blessing, but I could not see her till she arose, having been so long used to stand with my head and eyes erect to above sixty feet, and then I went to take her up with one hand by the waist.

kneel (跪く) [動] to go down on one or both knees

blessing (祝福) [名] a prayer asking for divine favor and protection

arise (立ち上がる) [動] to get up from a lying, sitting, or kneeling position

娘は跪いて私の祝福を求めたが、私は長い間頭と目を60フィート以上も上に向けて立っていたので、彼女が立ち上がるまで彼女を見ることができず、それから私は片手で彼女の腰を抱きかかえに行った。

I looked down upon the servants, and one or two friends who were in the house, as if they had been pigmies, and I a giant.

look down upon (見下ろす) [動] to regard someone or something as inferior

one or two (一人か二人) [名] a small number of people

giant (巨人) [名] a person of very great stature

私は召使たちや家の中にいた一人か二人の友人を見下ろしたが、まるで彼らがピグミーで私が巨人であるかのようだった。

I told my wife she had been too thrifty, for I found she had starved herself and her daughter to nothing.

thrifty (倹約) [形] using money and other resources carefully and not wastefully

私は妻に、彼女があまりにも倹約しすぎだと言った。なぜなら、彼女は自分と娘を飢えさせていることが分かったからだ。

In short, I behaved myself so unaccountably that they were all of the captain’s opinion when he first saw me, and concluded I had lost my wits.

behave (振る舞う) [動] act or conduct oneself in a specified way

unaccountably (不可解に) [副] in a way that cannot be explained

要するに、私はとても不可解な振る舞いをしたので、彼らは皆、船長が私を初めて見たときの意見に賛成し、私が正気を失ったと結論づけた。

This I mention as an instance of the great power of habit and prejudice.

instance (例) [名] an example or occurrence of something

これを私は習慣と偏見の偉大な力の例として挙げる。

In a little time, I and my family and friends came to a right understanding, but my wife protested I should never go to sea any more;

しばらくして、私と家族や友人たちは正しい理解に至ったが、妻は私がもう二度と海に出てはいけないと抗議した。

although my evil destiny so ordered that she had not power to hinder me, as the reader may know hereafter.

evil (不運な) [形] causing harm or injury

destiny (運命) [名] the events that will happen to a particular person or thing in the future

私の不運な運命がそう定めたので、彼女には私を妨げる力がなかったのだが、それは読者が後で知ることになるだろう。

In the meantime, I here conclude the second part of my unfortunate voyages.

in the meantime (当面) [副] for the time being

当面、私はここで私の不幸な航海の第二部を終える。

A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBARBI, LUGGNAGG, GLUBBDUBDRIB, AND JAPAN

A VOYAGE TO (への旅) [名] a journey by sea

LAPUTA (ラピュータ) [名] a flying island in "Gulliver's Travels"

BALNIBARBI (バルニバービ) [名] a land of giants in "Gulliver's Travels"

LUGGNAGG (ラグナグ) [名] a land of immortals in "Gulliver's Travels"

GLUBBDUBDRIB (グラブダブドリッブ) [名] a land of sorcerers in "Gulliver's Travels"

ラピュータ、バルニバービ、ラグナグ、グラブダブドリッブ、日本への旅

CHAPTER I

第一章

THE AUTHOR SETS OUT ON HIS THIRD VOYAGE—IS TAKEN BY PIRATES—THE MALICE OF A DUTCHMAN—HIS ARRIVAL AT AN ISLAND—HE IS RECEIVED INTO LAPUTA.

take (捕まる) [動] capture or seize

pirate (海賊) [名] a person who attacks and robs ships at sea

Dutchman (オランダ人) [名] a person from the Netherlands

著者は三度目の航海に出るー海賊に捕まるーオランダ人の悪意ー島に到着ーラピュータに迎え入れられる。

I had not been at home above ten days, when Captain William Robinson, a Cornishman, commander of the Hopewell, a stout ship of three hundred tons, came to my house.

not be at home (家にいない) [動] not be in one's house

above ten days (十日も経たないうち) [名] more than ten days

Captain William Robinson (ウィリアム・ロビンソン船長) [名] a Cornishman, commander of the Hopewell

Hopewell (ホープウェル) [名] a stout ship of three hundred tons

stout (頑丈な) [形] strong and thick

私が家に帰って十日も経たないうち、三百トンの頑丈な船ホープウェルの船長で、コーンウォール人であるウィリアム・ロビンソン船長が私の家を訪れた。

I had formerly been surgeon of another ship where he was master and a fourth-part owner, in a voyage to the Levant.

fourth-part (四分の一) [名] one of four equal parts

owner (所有者) [名] a person who owns something

私は以前、彼が船長で四分の一の所有者だった別の船の外科医をレバントへの航海で務めたことがある。

He had always treated me more like a brother than an inferior officer;

inferior (下級の) [形] lower in rank, status, or quality

彼はいつも私を下級士官というよりは兄弟のように扱ってくれた。

and hearing of my arrival, made me a visit, as I apprehended only out of friendship, for nothing passed more than what is usual after long absences.

make a visit (訪ねる) [動] go to see someone or something

absence (不在) [名] the state of being away from a place or person

そして私の帰宅を聞いて、私を訪ねてくれたのだが、私が理解したところでは、ただ友情からのことだった。

But repeating his visits often, expressing his joy to find me in good health, asking whether I were now settled for life, adding that he intended a voyage to the East Indies in about two months;

express (表す) [動] show or make known (a thought or feeling)

good health (元気) [名] the condition of being well or free from illness

settle (落ち着く) [動] become calm or quiet

East Indies (東インド) [名] the lands of South and Southeast Asia

しかし、彼は頻繁に訪問を繰り返し、私が元気でいることに喜びを表し、私が今は落ち着いた生活を送っているかどうかを尋ね、さらに二ヶ月ほどで東インドへの航海を計画していることを付け加えた。

at last he plainly invited me, though with some apologies, to be surgeon of the ship;

ついに彼は、多少の謝罪をしながらも、私を船の外科医に招待した。

that I should have another surgeon under me, besides our two mates;

私には二人の仲間のほかに、もう一人外科医がつくだろう。

that my salary should be double to the usual pay;

私の給料は通常の倍になるだろう。

and that having experienced my knowledge in sea affairs to be at least equal to his, he would enter into any engagement to follow my advice, as much as if I had shared in the command.

experience (経験する) [動] have knowledge or skill in a particular field

enter into (入る) [動] become involved in

engagement (約束) [名] a promise or agreement to do something

command (指揮) [名] the authority to give orders

そして、私の海事に関する知識が少なくとも彼と同等であることを経験した上で、彼は私が指揮を執ったかのように、私の忠告に従うためにどんな約束でもするだろうと言った。

He said so many other obliging things, and I knew him to be so honest a man, that I could not reject his proposal;

obliging (義理堅い) [形] willing to do something for someone

彼は他にもたくさんの義理堅いことを言っていたし、彼がとても正直な人であることを知っていたので、私は彼の提案を拒否することができなかった。

the thirst I had of seeing the world, notwithstanding my past misfortunes, continuing as violent as ever.

thirst (渇望) [名] a strong desire for something

notwithstanding (にもかかわらず) [前] without being influenced by; despite

過去の不幸にもかかわらず、世界を見たいという私の渇望は相変わらず激しかった。

The only difficulty that remained, was to persuade my wife, whose consent, however, I at last obtained by the prospect of advantage she proposed to her children.

difficulty (難題) [名] a problem; a situation that is hard to deal with

残された唯一の難題は妻を説得することだったが、子供たちに有利な見通しを示すことで、ついに妻の同意を得ることができた。

We set out on the 5th of August, 1706, and arrived at Fort St. George the 11th of April, 1707, stayed there three weeks to refresh our crew, many of whom were sick.

the 5th of August, 1706 (1706年8月5日) [名] a date

Fort St. George (セント・ジョージ要塞) [名] a fort in India

the 11th of April, 1707 (1707年4月11日) [名] a date

refresh (休ませる) [動] give new energy to

many of whom (多くが) [関] a large number of

sick (病気) [形] affected by illness

我々は1706年8月5日に出発し、1707年4月11日にセント・ジョージ要塞に到着し、病気になった乗組員を休ませるために3週間滞在した。

From thence we went to Tonquin, where the captain resolved to continue some time, because many of the goods he intended to buy were not ready, nor could he expect to be dispatched in some months.

from thence (そこから) [副] from that place

go (向かう) [動] move or travel toward

good (品物) [名] a thing that is produced or provided

nor (とも思えなかった) [接] and not; also not

be dispatched (出荷される) [動] be sent to a destination

some months (数ヶ月) [名] a period of time

そこからトンキンに向かったが、船長は買おうと思っていた品物の多くが準備できていなかったし、数ヶ月以内に出荷されるとも思えなかったので、しばらくそこに留まることにした。

Therefore, in hopes to defray some of the charges he must be at, he bought a sloop, loaded it with several sorts of goods wherewith the Tonquinese usually trade to the neighboring islands, and putting fourteen men on board, whereof three were of the country, he appointed me master of the sloop, and gave me power to traffic for two months while he transacted his affairs at Tonquin.

defray (賄う) [動] provide money to pay for

sloop (スループ船) [名] a one-masted sailboat with a fore-and-aft rig

load (積み込む) [動] put a load on or in

Tonquinese (トンキン人) [名] a person from Tonquin

trade (取引する) [動] buy and sell goods and services

fourteen (14) [数] the number 14

country (現地) [名] the land of a person's birth

appoint (任命する) [動] officially assign a job or role to

power (権限) [名] the ability to do something or act in a particular way

traffic (取引) [名] the movement of people or vehicles

two months (2ヶ月) [名] a period of time lasting for 60 days

transact (商売する) [動] carry out a business deal

affair (商売) [名] a matter that is being dealt with or is of concern

そこで、船長は、自分が負担しなければならない費用の一部を賄うために、スループ船を買い、トンキン人が通常近隣の島々と取引している品物を積み込み、14人の船員を乗せ、そのうち3人は現地の人間だったが、私をスループ船の船長に任命し、トンキンで商売をしている間に2ヶ月間取引する権限を与えてくれた。

We had not sailed above three days, when a great storm arising, we were driven five days to the north-north-east, and then to the east;

above three days (三日も経たない) [名] more than three days

great storm (大嵐) [名] a very strong wind

arise (起こる) [動] come into being or existence

five days (五日間) [名] five days

north-north-east (北北東) [名] the direction midway between north and northeast

出航して三日も経たないうちに大嵐が起こり、五日間も北北東に流され、その後東に流された。

after which we had fair weather, but still with a pretty strong gale from the west.

fair weather (天気) [名] the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place

pretty strong (かなり強い) [形] very strong

その後は天気は回復したが、西からの強風が吹き続けた。

Upon the tenth day we were chased by two pirates, who soon overtook us;

tenth day (十日目) [名] the tenth day of the month

chase (追う) [動] to go after someone or something in order to catch or attack them

overtake (追いつく) [動] to catch up with and pass someone or something

十日目には二隻の海賊船に追われ、すぐに追いつかれてしまった。

for my sloop was so deep laden, that she sailed very slow, neither were we in a condition to defend ourselves.

deep (重い) [形] having a specified distance from top to bottom

laden (積み荷) [名] a load or cargo

slow (遅い) [形] taking a long time to move or happen

私のスループ船は積み荷が重くてとても遅く、身を守る術もなかった。

We were boarded about the same time by both the pirates, who entered furiously at the head of their men;

board (乗り込む) [動] go on or into a ship, train, or aircraft

about the same time (ほぼ同時に) [副] at approximately the same time

furiously (猛然と) [副] in a very angry or violent way

head (先頭) [名] the front part of the body of a person or animal

ほぼ同時に二隻の海賊船に乗り込まれ、海賊たちは部下を率いて猛然と乗り込んできた。

but finding us all prostrate upon our faces (for so I gave order), they pinioned us with strong ropes, and setting a guard upon us, went to search the sloop.

prostrate (うつ伏せになる) [動] lying face down

pinion (縛る) [動] bind or hold fast, especially by the arms

guard (見張り) [名] a person who keeps watch, especially a soldier or other person formally assigned to protect a person or to control access to a place

だが、私たちが全員うつ伏せになっているのを見つけると(私がそうするよう命令したのだ)、海賊たちは私たちを太いロープで縛り、見張りをつけてスループ船を捜索しに行った。

I observed among them a Dutchman, who seemed to be of some authority, though he was not commander of either ship.

authority (権限) [名] the power to give orders or make decisions

海賊の中にオランダ人が一人いて、どちらの船の船長でもなかったが、かなりの権限を持っているようだった。

He knew us by our countenances to be Englishmen, and jabbering to us in his own language, swore we should be tied back to back and thrown into the sea.

jabber (まくしたてる) [動] talk rapidly and unintelligibly

Dutch (オランダ語) [名] the language of the Netherlands

back to back (背中合わせ) [形] with the backs touching

彼は私たちの顔を見てイギリス人だと分かり、オランダ語でまくしたてながら、背中合わせに縛って海に投げ込んでやると誓った。

I spoke Dutch tolerably well;

私はオランダ語をかなり上手に話せた。

I told him who we were, and begged him, in consideration of our being Christians and Protestants, of neighboring countries in strict alliance, that he would move the captains to take some pity on us.

Christian (キリスト教徒) [名] a person who adheres to Christianity

Protestant (プロテスタント) [名] a member of one of the Churches of Western Christendom that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation

neighboring country (近隣諸国) [名] a country that is next to or near another country

strict alliance (緊密な同盟関係) [名] a close association of nations or other groups of people

move (説得する) [動] cause to change position or posture

take pity on (哀れむ) [動] feel or show compassion for

私は彼に私たちが誰であるかを話し、私たちがキリスト教徒でありプロテスタントであること、また近隣諸国が緊密な同盟関係にあることを考慮して、船長たちに私たちを哀れんでくれるよう説得してくれるよう頼んだ。

This inflamed his rage; he repeated his threatenings, and turning to his companions, spoke with great vehemence in the Japanese language, as I suppose, often using the word _Christianos_.

inflame (火をつける) [動] cause to become more intense

vehemence (激しさ) [名] the quality of being forceful, passionate, or intense

Japanese (日本語) [名] the language of Japan

これが彼の怒りに火をつけた。彼は脅迫を繰り返し、仲間の方を向いて、私の推測では、キリスト教徒という言葉をよく使いながら、日本語で激しくまくしたてた。

The largest of the two pirate ships was commanded by a Japanese captain who spoke a little Dutch, but very imperfectly.

pirate ship (海賊船) [名] a ship used by pirates

Japanese (日本人) [名] a person from Japan

imperfectly (不完全に) [副] in a way that is not perfect

二隻の海賊船のうち大きい方の船長は日本人であり、少しオランダ語を話せたが、非常に不完全だった。

He came up to me, and after several questions, which I answered in great humility, he said we should not die.

come up to (やってくる) [動] approach someone

humility (謙虚) [名] the quality of being humble

彼は私のところにやってきて、私が非常に謙虚に答えたいくつかの質問の後、私たちは死ななくてよいと言った。

I made the captain a very low bow, and then turning to the Dutchman, said I was sorry to find more mercy in a heathen than in a brother Christian.

turn to (向き直る) [動] change direction

heathen (異教徒) [名] a person who does not belong to a widely held religion (especially one who is not a Christian, Jew, or Muslim)

私は船長に深々と頭を下げ、それからオランダ人の方へ向き直り、キリスト教徒の兄弟よりも異教徒の方が慈悲深いことを残念に思う、と言った。

But I had soon reason to repent those foolish words;

repent (後悔する) [動] feel or express sincere regret or guilt for a past action or wrongdoing

しかし、私はすぐにこの愚かな言葉を後悔することになった。

for that malicious reprobate, having often endeavored in vain to persuade both the captains that I might be thrown into the sea (which they would not yield to, after the promise made me that I should not die), however prevailed so far as to have a punishment inflicted on me, worse in all human appearance than death itself.

that (あの) [限] the

reprobate (堕落した) [名] a person who is unprincipled and depraved

having (したが) [動] to possess, own, or hold

endeavored (努力した) [動] to try hard to do or accomplish something

that (よう) [接] in order that

be thrown (投げ込まれる) [動] to be propelled with force

would not (応じなかった) [助] expressing unwillingness

yield (応じる) [動] to give way to pressure, force, or persuasion

the promise (約束) [名] a declaration or assurance that one will do a particular thing or that a particular thing will happen

that (と) [接] expressing a statement or hypothesis

should not (いけない) [助] expressing advice or obligation

prevailed (成功した) [動] to be victorious or successful

so far as (まで) [接] to the extent that

to have (与える) [動] to cause someone or something to receive or be given something

a punishment (罰) [名] a penalty imposed for a crime or other offense

inflicted (与えられる) [動] to cause someone or something to receive or be given something

worse (ひどい) [形] of a lower standard or quality

appearance (目に映る限り) [名] the way that someone or something looks

というのも、あの悪意に満ちた堕落した男は、私を海に投げ込むよう両方の船長を説得しようと何度も努力したが(私を殺さないと約束した後だったので、彼らはそれに応じなかった)、しかし、私に罰を与えるまでは成功し、それは人間の目に映る限り、死そのものよりもひどいものだった。

My men were sent by an equal division into both the pirate ships, and my sloop new manned.

equal division (均等に分ける) [名] the act of dividing something into equal parts

new (新しい) [形] recently made, produced, or created

私の部下は、海賊船の両方に均等に分けられ、私のスループ船には新しい船員が乗せられた。

As to myself, it was determined that I should be set adrift in a small canoe, with paddles and a sail, and four days’ provisions;

be determined (決まった) [動] be decided or settled

set adrift (漂流させる) [動] cause to drift

私自身については、櫂と帆と四日分の食料を積んだ小さなカヌーで漂流させることが決まった。

which last the Japanese captain was so kind to double out of his own stores, and would permit no man to search me.

last (食料) [名] the last thing mentioned

Japanese (日本の) [形] of or relating to Japan or its people or language

kind (親切) [形] having or showing a friendly, generous, and considerate nature

食料については、日本の船長が親切にも自分の貯蔵品から倍の量を分けてくれたし、誰にも私の身体検査を許さなかった。

I got down into the canoe, while the Dutchman, standing upon the deck, loaded me with all the curses and injurious terms his language could afford.

get down (乗り込む) [動] to move from a higher to a lower position

canoe (カヌー) [名] a light narrow boat that is propelled by paddling

deck (甲板) [名] the floor of a ship

load (浴びせる) [動] to put a large amount of something on or in something

curse (呪い) [名] a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something

injurious (侮辱) [形] causing or likely to cause injury

私がカヌーに乗り込むと、オランダ人は甲板に立って、彼の言葉でできる限りの呪いの言葉や侮辱の言葉を私に浴びせた。

About an hour before we saw the pirates, I had taken an observation, and found we were in the latitude of 46 N. and of longitude 183.

take an observation (観測を行う) [動] to notice or perceive something

海賊に遭遇する一時間ほど前に、私は観測を行ったが、北緯四十六度、東経百八十三度にいることがわかった。

When I was at some distance from the pirates, I discovered by my pocket glass several islands to the southeast.

some distance (かなり離れたところ) [名] a long way

pocket glass (ポケットグラス) [名] a small telescope

海賊からかなり離れたところで、私はポケットグラスで南東にいくつかの島を発見した。

I set up my sail, the wind being fair, with a design to reach the nearest of those islands, which I made a shift to do in about three hours.

set up (張る) [動] put up or erect

風が順調だったので、私は帆を張り、それらの島々の中で一番近いところにたどり着こうとしたが、三時間ほどでなんとかたどり着くことができた。

It was all rocky; however, I got many birds’ eggs;

そこは岩だらけだったが、私はたくさんの鳥の卵を手に入れて、

and striking fire, I kindled some heath and dry seaweed, by which I roasted my eggs.

strike fire (火を起こす) [動] make a fire by striking a match

kindle (燃やす) [動] set on fire

dry seaweed (乾燥した海藻) [名] seaweed that has been dried

roast (焼く) [動] cook by dry heat in an oven or over a fire

火を起こして、ヒースと乾燥した海藻を燃やし、卵を焼いた。

I ate no other supper, being resolved to spare my provisions as much as I could.

spare (節約する) [動] use or give sparingly

私はできるだけ食料を節約しようと決意していたので、それ以外には何も食べなかった。

I passed the night under the shelter of a rock, strewing some heath under me, and slept pretty well.

pass the night (夜を過ごす) [動] spend the night

shelter (陰) [名] a place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger

strew (敷く) [動] spread untidily over a surface

heath (ヒース) [名] an area of open uncultivated land, especially in Britain, with characteristic vegetation of heather, gorse, and grasses

pretty well (かなりよく) [副] to a moderately high degree

私は岩陰で夜を過ごし、ヒースを敷いて、かなりよく眠れた。

The next day I sailed to another island, and thence to a third and fourth, sometimes using my sail, and sometimes my paddles.

翌日、私は別の島へ出航し、そこから三番目、四番目の島へと、時には帆を使い、時には櫂を使って進んだ。

But not to trouble the reader with a particular account of my distresses, let it suffice that on the fifth day I arrived at the last island in my sight, which lay south-south-east to the former.

fifth (五日目) [形] coming after four others in a series; 5th

しかし、私の苦悩の詳細な説明で読者を煩わせないために、五日目に私が視界にある最後の島に到着しただけで十分だろう。

This island was at a greater distance than I expected, and I did not reach it in less than five hours.

この島は私が予想していたよりも遠くにあり、5時間もかかって到着した。

I encompassed it almost round before I could find a convenient place to land in;

上陸に適した場所を見つけるまで、私は島をほぼ一周した。

which was a small creek, about three times the wideness of my canoe.

wideness (幅) [名] the distance from one side of something to the other

そこは私のカヌーの幅の3倍ほどの小さな入り江だった。

I found the island to be all rocky, only a little intermingled with tufts of grass, and sweet-smelling herbs.

tuft (房) [名] a bunch of feathers, hair, grass, etc., growing or tied together at the base

herb (ハーブ) [名] a plant with savory or aromatic properties that is used for flavoring and garnishing food, medicinal purposes, or for fragrances; an herb

島は岩だらけで、草の房や甘い香りのするハーブが少し混じっているだけだった。

I took out my small provisions, and after having refreshed myself, I secured the remainder in a cave, whereof there were great numbers;

secure (隠す) [動] make or become safe or secure

cave (洞窟) [名] a large natural underground chamber

私はわずかな食料を取り出し、元気を取り戻した後、残りを洞窟に隠した。

I gathered plenty of eggs upon the rocks, and got a quantity of dry seaweed and parched grass, which I designed to kindle the next day, and roast my eggs as well as I could, for I had about me my flint, steel, match, and burning-glass.

plenty of (たくさんの) [名] a lot of

quantity (たくさん) [名] a large amount

dry (乾燥した) [形] free from moisture or liquid

seaweed (海藻) [名] a plant or plants growing in the sea

parched (干し草) [形] dried out by heat

flint (火打ち石) [名] a hard gray rock that produces sparks when struck with steel

match (マッチ) [名] a short, thin piece of wood or cardboard with a flammable tip

burning-glass (焼きガラス) [名] a convex lens used to concentrate the sun's rays and produce heat

私は岩の上にたくさんの卵を集め、乾燥した海藻や干し草をたくさん手に入れ、翌日はそれらに火をつけて、できるだけ卵を焼こうと思った。私は火打ち石、鋼鉄、マッチ、焼きガラスを持っていた。

I lay all night in the cave where I had lodged my provisions.

all night (一晩中) [副] for the entire night

lodge (置く) [動] to provide with temporary accommodation

私は食料を置いた洞窟の中で一晩中横になっていた。

My bed was the same dry grass and seaweed which I intended for fuel.

bed (寝床) [名] a place where one sleeps

fuel (燃料) [名] a substance that is burned to produce heat or power

私の寝床は燃料にしようとしていた乾いた草や海藻だった。

I slept very little, for the disquiets of my mind prevailed over my weariness, and kept me awake.

very little (ほとんど~ない) [副] not very much; not at all

prevail (勝る) [動] be greater in strength or influence

私はほとんど眠れなかった。心の不安が疲労に勝り、眠れなかったのだ。

I considered how impossible it was to preserve my life in so desolate a place, and how miserable my end must be: yet I found myself so listless and desponding, that I had not the heart to rise;

listless (無気力な) [形] lacking energy or enthusiasm

desponding (落胆した) [形] in low spirits from loss of hope or courage

heart (気力) [名] the seat of one's inmost thoughts and feelings; the soul

私はこんな荒涼とした場所で自分の命を守ることがいかに不可能か、そして私の最期がどれほど悲惨なものになるかを考えた。しかし、私はあまりにも無気力で落胆していたので、立ち上がる気力がなかった。

and before I could get spirits enough to creep out of my cave, the day was far advanced.

get spirits (元気を取り戻す) [動] regain energy or vitality

creep out (這い出す) [動] move slowly and carefully

そして、私が洞窟から這い出すのに十分な元気を取り戻す前に、日がかなり進んでしまった。

I walked awhile among the rocks;

私はしばらく岩の間を歩いた。

the sky was perfectly clear, and the sun so hot, that I was forced to turn my face from it;

clear (晴れ渡る) [形] free from clouds or mist

turn (そむける) [動] change direction, position, or course

空は完全に晴れ渡り、太陽があまりに熱かったので、私は顔をそむけざるを得なかった。

when all on a sudden it became obscured, as I thought, in a manner very different from what happens by the interposition of a cloud.

all on a sudden (突然) [副] very quickly and unexpectedly

become obscured (暗くなる) [動] become dark or gloomy

in a manner (方法で) [名] a way of doing something

very different (全く違う) [形] not the same or alike

what happens (起こること) [名] something that happens

by the interposition of (横切ったとき) [名] the action of placing something between two other things

すると突然、私の考えでは、雲が横切ったときとは全く違う方法で、太陽が暗くなった。

I turned back, and perceived a vast opaque body between me and the sun, moving forwards towards the island;

turn back (振り返る) [動] turn around

opaque (不透明な) [形] not transparent

move forwards (前進する) [動] move in a forward direction

私は振り返り、私と太陽の間に巨大な不透明な物体が島に向かって前進しているのを見た。

it seemed to be about two miles high, and hid the sun six or seven minutes;

two miles (二マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1.609344 kilometers

six or seven minutes (六、七分間) [名] a unit of time equal to 60 seconds

それは高さ約二マイルほどあり、六、七分間太陽を隠した。

but I did not observe the air to be much colder, or the sky more darkened, than if I had stood under the shade of a mountain.

しかし、空気がずっと冷たくなったり、空が山の陰に立ったときよりも暗くなったりするのには気づかなかった。

As it approached nearer over the place where I was, it appeared to me a firm substance, the bottom flat, smooth, and shining very bright from the reflection of the sea below.

nearer (より近い) [形] closer

firm (固い) [形] solid or hard

それが私のいる場所に近づいてくると、それは私には固い物質で、底は平らで滑らかで、下の海の反射でとても明るく輝いているように見えた。

I stood upon a height about two hundred yards from the shore, and saw this vast body descending almost to a parallel with me, at less than an English mile distance.

less than (足らず) [形] not as much or as many as

私は岸から約二百ヤード離れた高台に立って、この巨大な物体が私とほぼ平行に、一マイル足らずの距離まで降りてくるのを見た。

I took out my pocket perspective, and could plainly discover numbers of people moving up and down the sides of it, which appeared to be sloping;

perspective (遠眼鏡) [名] an optical instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses, or of curved mirrors and lenses, by which rays of light are collected and focused and the res...

number (大勢) [名] a large indefinite quantity

私はポケットの遠眼鏡を取り出し、その側面を上下に動く大勢の人々をはっきりと見ることができた。

but what those people were doing I was not able to distinguish.

those (その) [限] the

were doing (していた) [動] be engaged in an activity

was not able to (できなかった) [動] be unable to

しかし、その人々が何をしているのかは判別できなかった。

The natural love of life gave me some inward motions of joy, and I was ready to entertain a hope that this adventure might, someway or other, help to deliver me from the desolate place and condition I was in.

inward (内面的な) [形] directed or proceeding toward the inside

someway (どうにかして) [副] in some way

deliver (救い出す) [動] rescue; save

生まれつきの生命への愛が、私に内面的な喜びの動きを与え、私はこの冒険が、どうにかして、私が置かれている荒涼とした場所と状況から私を救い出す助けになるかもしれないという希望を抱く準備ができていた。

But at the same time, the reader can hardly conceive my astonishment, to behold an island in the air, inhabited by men, who were able (as it should seem) to raise or sink, or put it into a progressive motion, as they pleased.

behold (眺める) [動] to hold the attention of; to fascinate

sink (下げる) [動] to move something to a lower position

progressive (前進する) [形] moving forward or onward

please (望む) [動] to make happy or satisfied

しかし同時に、読者は私の驚きをほとんど理解できないだろうが、空中に浮かぶ島を眺め、そこに住む人々は、彼らが望むように、それを上げたり下げたり、前進させたりすることができた(ように思われる)。

But not being at that time in a disposition to philosophize upon this phenomenon, I rather chose to observe what course the island would take, because it seemed for awhile to stand still.

at that time (その時) [名] the time in question

in a disposition (気分で) [名] a person's inherent qualities of mind and character

philosophize (哲学的に考える) [動] think or talk about issues in a philosophical way

phenomenon (現象) [名] something that is observed to happen or exist

for awhile (しばらく) [名] a short period of time

stand still (静止している) [動] be motionless

しかし、その時はこの現象について哲学的に考える気分ではなかったので、私はむしろ島がどんな進路をとるかを観察することを選んだ。なぜなら、しばらくは静止しているように見えたからだ。

Yet soon after, it advanced nearer, and I could see the sides of it encompassed with several gradations of galleries, and stairs at certain intervals to descend from one to the other.

gallery (ギャラリー) [名] a room or building for the display of works of art

interval (間隔) [名] a space of time between two events

しかし、その後すぐに、それはもっと近づいてきて、私はその側面がいくつかの段階のギャラリーに囲まれているのを見ることができ、一定の間隔で階段が一つから他へと降りていくのが見えた。

In the lowest gallery, I beheld some people fishing with long angling rods, and others looking on.

angling rod (釣り竿) [名] a long thin piece of wood or other material used for catching fish

look on (見ている) [動] to watch something happen without taking part in it

一番下のギャラリーでは、長い釣り竿で釣りをしている人や、それを見ている人たちがいた。

I waved my cap (for my hat was long since worn out) and my handkerchief towards the island;

cap (帽子) [名] a head covering with a peak and no brim

私は帽子(帽子はずっと前に使い古していた)とハンカチを島に向かって振った。

and upon its nearer approach, I called and shouted with the utmost strength of my voice;

approach (近づいてきた) [名] the action of moving or coming closer

call (呼びかけ) [動] to communicate with (someone) by telephone

shout (叫んだ) [動] to speak or say something very loudly

そして、島が近づいてきたので、私は声を限りに呼びかけ、叫んだ。

and then looking circumspectly, I beheld a crowd gathered to that side which was most in my view.

circumspectly (注意深く) [副] in a careful and cautious manner

そして、注意深く見てみると、私の視界に最も近い側に群衆が集まっているのが見えた。

I found by their pointing towards me and to each other, that they plainly discovered me, although they made no return to my shouting.

make no return (答えない) [動] not answer

shouting (叫び) [名] a loud cry or yell

彼らが私を指さしたり、お互いに指さし合ったりしているのを見て、私の叫びには答えてくれなかったが、私をはっきりと見つけてくれたことがわかった。

But I could see four or five men running in great haste up the stairs to the top of the island, who then disappeared.

four or five (四、五) [名] the number 4 or 5

great haste (大急ぎで) [名] very quickly

stair (階段) [名] a set of steps leading up or down from one level to another

disappear (姿を消す) [動] cease to be visible

しかし、四、五人の男が急いで階段を駆け上がって島の頂上まで行き、その後姿を消したのが見えた。

I happened rightly to conjecture that these were sent for orders to some person in authority upon this occasion.

rightly (正しく) [副] in a correct manner

彼らはこの機会に権力のある誰かに命令を仰ぎに遣わされたのだと、私は正しく推測した。

The number of people increased, and in less than half an hour the island was moved, and raised in such a manner that the lowest gallery appeared in a parallel of less than a hundred yards’ distance from the height where I stood.

人の数は増え、三十分もしないうちに島は動かされ、私が立っている高さから百ヤードも離れていない平行線上に一番下の回廊が現れるように上昇した。

I then put myself in the most supplicating postures, and spoke in the humblest accent, but received no answer.

put oneself in (とる) [動] assume a certain position

そこで私は最も懇願するような姿勢をとり、最も謙虚な口調で話したが、返事は返ってこなかった。

Those who stood nearest over against me, seemed to be persons of distinction, as I supposed by their habit.

nearest (すぐ) [形] closest in space or time

over against (向かい) [前] opposite to

私のすぐ向かいに立っていたのは、服装から判断して、身分の高い人々らしかった。

They conferred earnestly with each other, looking often upon me.

confer (話し合う) [動] to have a serious discussion about something

earnestly (熱心に) [副] in a serious and sincere way

彼らは熱心に話し合い、何度も私を見た。

At length, one of them called out in a clear, polite, smooth dialect, not unlike in sound to the Italian;

smooth (滑らかな) [形] having a continuous even surface

dialect (方言) [名] a regional or social variety of a language distinguished by features of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation from other regional or social varieties and constituting together with them a single lang...

やがて、そのうちの一人が、イタリア語に似た、明瞭で丁寧な、滑らかな方言で呼びかけた。

and therefore I returned an answer in that language, hoping at least that the cadence might be more agreeable to his ears.

cadence (抑揚) [名] the rhythm of a sequence of sounds or words

そのため、私はその言語で答えを返したが、少なくともその抑揚が彼の耳に心地よく響くことを期待した。

Although neither of us understood the other, yet my meaning was easily known, for the people saw the distress I was in.

どちらも相手を理解できなかったが、私の意味は簡単に理解された。人々は私が困っているのを見たからだ。

They made signs for me to come down from the rock, and go towards the shore, which I accordingly did;

come down (降りる) [動] move from a higher to a lower position

go towards (向かう) [動] move or travel in the direction of

彼らは私に岩から降りて岸に向かうように合図したので、私はそれに従った。

and the flying island being raised to a convenient height, the verge directly over me, a chain was let down from the lowest gallery, with a seat fastened to the bottom, to which I fixed myself, and was drawn up by pulleys.

flying island (空飛ぶ島) [名] a fictional island that can fly

be raised (上昇する) [動] go up

convenient height (適当な高さ) [名] a height that is suitable for a particular purpose

verge (真上) [名] the point at which something begins or ends

be let down (下ろされる) [動] be lowered

lowest gallery (一番下の回廊) [名] the lowest level of a building that has a series of rooms or passages

be fastened (固定される) [動] be attached or secured firmly

fix oneself (固定される) [動] attach oneself firmly

be drawn up (引き上げられる) [動] be pulled up

空飛ぶ島が適当な高さまで上昇し、私の真上まで来ると、一番下の回廊から鎖が下ろされ、底に座席が固定されていたので、私はそこに固定され、滑車で引き上げられた。

CHAPTER II

第二章

THE HUMORS AND DISPOSITIONS OF THE LAPUTIANS DESCRIBED—AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR LEARNING—OF THE KING AND HIS COURT—THE AUTHOR’S RECEPTION THERE—THE INHABITANTS SUBJECT TO FEARS AND DISQUIETUDES—AN ACCOUNT OF THE WOMEN.

humor (気質) [名] a person's mood or state of mind

disquietude (不安) [名] a feeling of worry or unease

ラピュータ人の気質と性質の説明、彼らの学問の説明、王とその宮廷の説明、そこでの著者の歓迎、恐怖と不安にさらされる住民、女性の説明。

At my alighting, I was surrounded with a crowd of people, but those who stood nearest seemed to be of better quality.

at my alighting (私が降りると) [接] when I got off

be surrounded with (取り囲まれる) [動] be around something on all sides

those who (~する人) [関] the people who

私が降りると、人々が群がって私を取り囲んだが、近くに立っていた人々は身分の高い人のようだった。

They beheld me with all the marks and circumstances of wonder, neither indeed was I much in their debt, having never till then seen a race of mortals so singular in their shapes, habits, and countenances.

mark (表情) [名] a visible sign

neither (負けず劣らず) [接] not either; used before the first of two or more alternatives (the other alternatives being introduced by "nor") to indicate that they are each untrue or each do not happen

debt (借り) [名] something, typically money, that is owed or due

singular (奇妙な) [形] very good or great

彼らは驚きの表情で私を見つめていたが、私も彼らに負けず劣らず驚いていた。それまで、これほどまでに姿、服装、顔つきが奇妙な人種を見たことがなかったからだ。

Their heads were all reclined either to the right or the left;

recline (傾く) [動] lean or lie back in a relaxed position

彼らの頭は皆、右か左に傾いていた。

one of their eyes turned inward, and the other directly up to the zenith.

one (片方) [名] the number 1

inward (内側) [副] towards the inside

zenith (天頂) [名] the point in the sky or celestial sphere directly above an observer

片方の目は内側を向き、もう片方の目は天頂を向いていた。

Their outward garments were adorned with the figures of suns, moons, and stars, interwoven with those of fiddles, flutes, harps, trumpets, guitars, harpsichords, and many more instruments of music unknown to us in Europe.

outward garment (上着) [名] a garment worn on the outside of others

star (星) [名] a large, self-luminous gaseous body that produces energy by means of nuclear fusion reactions

fiddle (バイオリン) [名] a stringed musical instrument played with a bow

flute (フルート) [名] a musical instrument in the woodwind family

harp (ハープ) [名] a musical instrument with strings stretched vertically in a frame

guitar (ギター) [名] a stringed musical instrument with a fretted fingerboard that is played with a pick or with the fingers

harpsichord (ハープシコード) [名] a musical instrument of the keyboard family that produces sound by plucking strings with plectra when the keys are pressed

彼らの上着は、太陽、月、星の模様で飾られ、バイオリン、フルート、ハープ、トランペット、ギター、ハープシコード、その他ヨーロッパでは知られていない多くの楽器の模様が織り交ぜられていた。

I observed, here and there, many in the habit of servants, with a blown bladder fastened like a flail to the end of a short stick, which they carried in their hands.

here and there (そこかしこに) [副] in various places

blown bladder (膨らんだ膀胱) [名] an inflated bladder

flail (殻竿) [名] a threshing tool consisting of a wooden staff with a short heavy stick swinging from it

short stick (短い棒) [名] a stick that is short

そこかしこに、召使の服装をした多くの人々が、短い棒の先に膨らんだ膀胱を殻竿のように結び付け、それを手に持っているのが見えた。

In each bladder was a small quantity of dried peas, or little pebbles (as I was afterwards informed).

bladder (膀胱) [名] the organ that collects urine before disposal by urination

dried pea (乾燥したエンドウ豆) [名] a pea that has been dried

little pebble (小さな小石) [名] a small stone

それぞれの膀胱には、少量の乾燥したエンドウ豆、または小さな小石が入っていた(後で聞いた話だが)。

With these bladders they now and then flapped the mouths and ears of those who stood near them, of which practice I could not then conceive the meaning.

flap (パタパタと叩く) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side

彼らは時折、その膀胱で近くに立っている人の口や耳をパタパタと叩いていたが、その意味は当時の私には理解できなかった。

It seems the minds of these people are so taken up with intense speculations, that they neither can speak, nor attend to the discourses of others without being roused by some external taction upon the organs of speech and hearing;

take up (囚われる) [動] to occupy or fill

intense (深い) [形] of extreme force, degree, or strength

organ (器官) [名] a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function

taction (刺激) [名] the sense of touch

rouse (覚醒させる) [動] to cause to become active or attentive

この国の人々の心は、深い思索に囚われすぎていて、話したり、他人の話を聞くには、発話器官や聴覚器官に外部から刺激を与えて覚醒させなければならないらしい。

for which reason, those persons who are able to afford it always keep a flapper (the original is _climenole_) in their family, as one of their domestics;

for which reason (そのため) [接] for that reason

be able to afford (裕福な) [動] have enough money to pay for

そのため、裕福な人は、召使の一人として、常にフラッパー(原文はクリメノール)を家族に置いている。

nor ever walk abroad or make visits without him.

walk abroad (外出する) [動] go out of the house

make visits (訪問する) [動] go to see someone or something

彼なしに外出したり、訪問したりすることはない。

And the business of this officer is, when two or three more persons are in company, gently to strike with his bladder the mouth of him who is to speak, and the right ear of him or them to whom the speaker addresses himself.

business (役目) [名] a person's occupation or work

この役人の役目は、二人以上の人が集まったときに、話す人の口と、話しかけられる人の右耳を膀胱で軽く叩くことである。

This flapper is likewise employed diligently to attend his master in his walks, and upon occasion to give him a soft flap on his eyes;

flapper (フラッパー) [名] a young woman in the 1920s who flaunted her unconventional attitude and lifestyle

このフラッパーは、主人の散歩に付き添い、時折、主人の目を軽く叩くようにも勤勉に働いている。

because he is always so wrapped up in cogitation, that he is in manifest danger of falling down every precipice, and bouncing his head against every post;

be wrapped up in (夢中になる) [動] be completely absorbed in

cogitation (考え事) [名] the action of thinking carefully about something

precipice (崖) [名] a very steep rock face

bounce (ぶつける) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side

主人はいつも考え事に夢中になっているので、崖から落ちたり、柱に頭をぶつけたりする危険が明らかにあるからである。

and in the streets, of jostling others or being jostled himself into the kennel.

jostle (ぶつかる) [動] push or knock against someone or something

kennel (犬小屋) [名] a small building for a dog to sleep in

道では、他人とぶつかったり、犬小屋に押し込まれたりする危険がある。

It was necessary to give the reader this information, without which he would be at the same loss with me to understand the proceedings of these people, as they conducted me up the stairs to the top of the island, and thence to the royal palace.

loss (理解できなくなる) [名] the state or fact of losing something

conduct (案内する) [動] to direct the course of

読者にこの情報を提供する必要があった。それがなければ、私と同じように、この人々の行動を理解できなくなるだろう。彼らは私を階段で島の頂上まで案内し、そこから王宮まで案内してくれた。

While we were ascending they forgot several times what they were about, and left me to myself, till their memories were again roused by their flappers: for they appeared altogether unmoved by the sight of my foreign habit and countenance, and by the shouts of the vulgar, whose thoughts and minds were more disengaged.

rouse (呼び起こす) [動] cause to be awake

thought (思考) [名] the process of thinking

私たちが上っている間に、彼らは何度か自分のしていることを忘れて、私を放っておいたが、フラッパーに記憶を呼び起こされるまで、彼らは私の外国人の習慣や態度を見ても、また、思考や精神がより自由な下品な人々の叫び声にも、全く動じていないようだった。

At last we entered the palace, and proceeded into the chamber of presence, where I saw the king seated on his throne, attended on each side by persons of prime quality.

throne (玉座) [名] the seat of a king, queen, or other sovereign

prime (最高) [形] of the highest quality

ついに私たちは宮殿に入り、謁見の間に進むと、王が玉座に座り、両側に最高品質の人々が付き添っているのが見えた。

Before the throne was a large table filled with globes and spheres, and mathematical instruments of all kinds.

sphere (球体) [名] a round solid shape, either hollow or solid, with no edges or corners

玉座の前には、地球儀や球体、あらゆる種類の数学的な道具が置かれた大きなテーブルがあった。

His majesty took not the least notice of us, although our entrance was not without sufficient noise, by the concourse of all persons belonging to the court.

entrance (入場) [名] the action or fact of going or coming in

concourse (群衆) [名] a large open area inside a public building

私たちの入場は、宮廷に属するすべての人々の群衆によって、十分な騒ぎがなかったわけではないが、陛下は私たちに少しも気づかなかった。

But he was then deep in a problem;

deep (深く) [形] extending far down from the top or surface

problem (問題) [名] a question raised for inquiry, consideration, or solution

しかし、彼はその時問題に深く関わっていた。

and we attended at least an hour, before he could solve it.

solve (解決する) [動] find an answer to

そして、彼がそれを解決するまで、私たちは少なくとも一時間は待った。

There stood by him on each side a young page, with flaps in their hands, and when they saw he was at leisure, one of them gently struck his mouth, and the other his right ear;

stand by (立っている) [動] be present

flap (羽ばたき) [名] a piece of something that is attached to something else by one side only and covers or hangs over it

彼の両側には、若い小姓が手に羽ばたきを持って立っており、彼が暇だとわかると、一人は彼の口を、もう一人は彼の右耳を軽く叩いた。

at which he started like one awaked on the sudden, and looking towards me and the company I was in, recollected the occasion of our coming, whereof he had been informed before.

at which (すると) [接] and because of that

start (飛び起きる) [動] move suddenly and quickly

recollect (思い出す) [動] recall to the mind

すると彼は突然目覚めたように飛び起き、私と私がいた一行の方を向いて、私たちが来た理由を思い出した。

He spoke some words, whereupon immediately a young man with a flap came up to my side, and flapped me gently on the right ear;

speak (発する) [動] say something

come up to (近づいてくる) [動] approach

flap (叩く) [動] hit or strike with a flap

彼は何か言葉を発すると、すぐに羽ばたきを持った若い男が私の側に近づいてきて、私の右耳を軽く叩いた。

but I made signs, as well as I could, that I had no occasion for such an instrument;

make signs (身振りで示す) [動] to communicate with gestures

as well as I could (できる限り) [副] to the best of my ability

have no occasion for (必要としない) [動] to not need or want something

such an instrument (そのような道具) [名] a tool or device used for a particular purpose

しかし、私はできる限り、そのような道具は必要ないと身振りで示した。

which, as I afterwards found, gave his majesty and the whole court a very mean opinion of my understanding.

後で知ったことだが、このことで陛下と宮廷全体が私の理解力を非常に低く評価した。

The king, as far as I could conjecture, asked me several questions, and I addressed myself to him in all the languages I had.

私の推測では、王は私にいくつか質問をしたようで、私は自分が知っているすべての言語で彼に話しかけました。

When it was found that I could neither understand nor be understood, I was conducted by the king’s order to an apartment in his palace (this prince being distinguished above all his predecessors for his hospitality to strangers), where two servants were appointed to attend me.

be found (分かる) [動] be discovered or noticed

be understood (理解される) [動] be perceived the intended meaning of

be conducted (案内される) [動] be guided or escorted

king's order (王の命令) [名] a command given by a king

be distinguished (優れている) [動] be markedly different in quality

predecessor (先代) [名] a person who held a job or office before the current holder

be appointed (任命される) [動] be officially assigned to a position or task

attend (世話をする) [動] take care of

私が理解することも理解されることもできないと分かると、私は王の命令で宮殿の一室に案内され(この王子は先代よりも見知らぬ人へのもてなしが優れていた)、そこで二人の召使が私の世話をするよう任命された。

My dinner was brought, and four persons of quality, whom I remembered to have seen very near the king’s person, did me the honor to dine with me.

very near (すぐそば) [副] in or at a short distance

私の夕食が運ばれてきて、王のすぐそばで見かけた覚えのある身分の高い四人が、私と一緒に食事をするという栄誉を与えてくれた。

We had two courses of three dishes each.

have (食べる) [動] eat

course (コース) [名] a series of dishes served at a meal

私たちはそれぞれ三品ずつの二コースを食べた。

In the first course, there was a shoulder of mutton cut into an equilateral triangle, a piece of beef into a rhomboid, and a pudding into a cycloid.

first course (最初のコース) [名] the first dish served in a meal

shoulder (肩肉) [名] the upper joint of the foreleg of an animal

equilateral triangle (正三角形) [名] a triangle with three equal sides

rhomboid (菱形) [名] a parallelogram with adjacent sides of unequal length

pudding (プリン) [名] a dessert made of milk, sugar, and eggs

cycloid (サイクロイド) [名] a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle as the circle rolls along a straight line

最初のコースは、正三角形に切った羊の肩肉、菱形に切った牛肉、サイクロイドに切ったプリンだった。

The second course was two ducks trussed up in the form of fiddles;

duck (アヒル) [名] a kind of bird

truss (縛る) [動] tie up or bind securely

form (形) [名] the shape of something

二つ目のコースは、バイオリンの形に縛られた二羽のアヒルだった。

sausages and puddings resembling flutes and hautboys, and a breast of veal in the shape of a harp.

sausage (ソーセージ) [名] a cylindrical length of minced and seasoned pork, beef, or other meat encased in a skin, typically sold raw to be grilled or fried before eating

hautboy (オーボエ) [名] a woodwind instrument with a double reed

veal (子牛) [名] the meat of a young calf

フルートやオーボエに似たソーセージやプリン、そしてハープのような形をした子牛の胸肉だった。

The servants cut our bread into cones, cylinders, parallelograms, and several other mathematical figures.

cone (円錐) [名] a solid shape with a circular base and a point at the top

cylinder (円柱) [名] a solid shape with two circular ends and a straight body

parallelogram (平行四辺形) [名] a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides

召使はパンを円錐、円柱、平行四辺形、その他数学的な形に切った。

While we were at dinner, I made bold to ask the names of several things in their language, and those noble persons, by the assistance of their flappers, delighted to give me answers, hoping to raise my admiration of their great abilities, if I could be brought to converse with them.

while (食事中) [名] the time during which something happens

delighted (喜んで) [形] very pleased

raise (高める) [動] to lift or move something to a higher position

食事中、私は大胆にも彼らの言葉でいくつかのものの名前を尋ね、その高貴な人々は、もし私が彼らと会話することができれば、彼らの偉大な能力に対する私の賞賛を高めることを期待して、彼らのフラッパーの助けを借りて、喜んで答えてくれた。

I was soon able to call for bread and drink, or whatever else I wanted.

私はすぐにパンや飲み物、その他欲しいものを呼べるようになった。

After dinner my company withdrew, and a person was sent to me by the king’s order, attended by a flapper.

after dinner (食後) [副] after the evening meal

attend (連れてくる) [動] go with someone as a companion or escort

食後、私の連れは退出し、王の命令で一人の人がフラッパーを連れて私のところにやってきた。

He brought with him pen, ink, and paper, and three or four books, giving me to understand by signs that he was sent to teach me the language.

彼はペン、インク、紙、三、四冊の本を持ってきて、私に言葉を教えるために遣わされたことを身振りで示した。

We sat together four hours, in which time I wrote down a great number of words in columns, with the translations over against them;

sit together (一緒に座る) [動] sit in the same place

write down (書き留める) [動] put something into writing

a great number of (たくさんの) [名] a large number of

column (列) [名] a vertical arrangement of items

私たちは四時間一緒に座り、その間に私はたくさんの単語を列に書き、その横に訳を書いた。

I likewise made a shift to learn several short sentences, for my tutor would order one of my servants to fetch something, to turn about, to make a bow, to sit, or stand, or walk, and the like.

sentence (文) [名] a set of words that is complete in itself, typically containing a subject and predicate, conveying a statement, question, exclamation, or command, and consisting of a main clause and sometimes one or ...

tutor (家庭教師) [名] a private teacher

fetch (取りに行く) [動] go and get

私はまた、いくつかの短い文を覚えようと努力した。私の家庭教師は私の召使の一人に何かを取りに行ったり、向きを変えたり、お辞儀をしたり、座ったり、立ったり、歩いたりするよう命じていたからだ。

Then I took down the sentence in writing.

take down (書き留める) [動] write down

それから私はその文を書き留めた。

He showed me also, in one of his books, the figures of the sun, moon, and stars, the zodiac, the tropics, and polar circles, together with the denominations of many planes and solids.

figure (図) [名] a drawing or diagram

zodiac (黄道十二宮) [名] an area of the sky that contains the paths of the sun, moon, and planets and is divided into twelve equal parts

tropic (回帰線) [名] either of the two parallels of latitude on the celestial sphere at a distance of 23°26′ north or south of the equator

polar circle (極圏) [名] either of the two circles on the surface of the Earth that are parallel to the equator at a distance of about 23.5° north or south

denomination (名称) [名] a name or descriptive phrase

彼はまた、本の中で太陽、月、星、黄道十二宮、回帰線、極圏の図や、多くの平面や立体の名称を教えてくれた。

He gave me the names and descriptions of all the musical instruments, and the general terms of art in playing on each of them.

musical instrument (楽器) [名] a device for producing musical sounds

general term (一般的な用語) [名] a word or phrase that has a broad meaning

彼は私にすべての楽器の名前と説明、そしてそれらのそれぞれを演奏する際の一般的な用語を教えてくれた。

After he had left me, I placed all my words, with their interpretations, in alphabetical order.

alphabetical order (アルファベット順) [名] the arrangement of letters of the alphabet in the customary order

彼が去った後、私はすべての単語をその解釈とともにアルファベット順に並べた。

And thus, in a few days, by the help of a very faithful memory, I got some insight into their language.

insight (洞察) [名] the ability to understand something instinctively

こうして、数日のうちに、非常に忠実な記憶力の助けを借りて、私は彼らの言語についてある程度の洞察を得た。

The word which I interpret the Flying or Floating Island, is in the original _Laputa_, whereof I could never learn the true etymology.

Flying or Floating Island (空飛ぶ島、あるいは浮島) [名] a fictional island that floats in the air

original (原語) [名] the language in which a text was originally written

etymology (語源) [名] the study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history

私が空飛ぶ島、あるいは浮島と訳した言葉は、原語ではラピュータであり、その真の語源を知ることはできなかった。

_Lap_, in the old obsolete language, signifies high;

Lap (ラップ) [名] the top of the thighs of a seated person

obsolete (廃れた) [形] no longer produced or used; out of date

ラップは、古い廃れた言葉で、高いことを意味する。

and _untuh_, a governor; from which they say, by corruption, was derived _Laputa_ from _Lapuntah_.

untuh (ウンタ) [名] a governor

from which (そこから) [副] from that place

corruption (訛り) [名] a change from good to bad in morals, manners, or language

was derived (になった) [動] be obtained or developed from

Lapuntah (ラプンタ) [名] a flying island described in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

そして、ウンタは、統治者を意味する。彼らは、そこから、ラプンタが訛ってラピュータになったと言う。

But I do not approve of this derivation, which seems to be a little strained.

approve (認める) [動] have or express a favorable opinion of

derivation (派生語) [名] a word that is derived from another word

しかし、私はこの派生語を認めていない。少し無理があるように思われる。

I ventured to offer to the learned among them a conjecture of my own, that Laputa was _quasi lap outed_; _lap_, signifying properly the dancing of the sunbeams in the sea, and _outed_, a wing;

learned (学者) [名] a person who has a lot of knowledge

quasi (似ている) [形] having some resemblance to; being partly or almost

outed (アウト) [名] the act of revealing someone's homosexuality

私は、彼らの中の学者に、ラピュータは「ラップ・アウト」に似ているという私自身の推測を申し出た。ラップは、海に映る太陽光線の踊りを意味し、アウトは翼を意味する。

which, however, I shall not obtrude, but submit to the judicious reader.

obtrude (押し付ける) [動] force oneself or one's opinions on others

submit (委ねる) [動] give over or yield to the power or authority of another

judicious (賢明な) [形] having or showing good judgment or taste

しかし、私はそれを押し付けるつもりはなく、賢明な読者の判断に委ねる。

Those to whom the king had intrusted me, observing how ill I was clad, ordered a tailor to come next morning, and take my measure for a suit of clothes.

intrust (預ける) [動] give responsibility for something to someone

ill (みすぼらしい) [形] of poor quality

clothe (服装) [動] put clothes on

王が私を預けた人々は、私の服装がいかにみすぼらしいかを見て、翌朝、仕立て屋を呼んで、私の服の寸法を測らせた。

This operator did his office after a different manner from those of his trade in Europe.

operator (外科医) [名] a person who performs surgical operations

do one's office (仕事をする) [動] perform one's duty

この外科医は、ヨーロッパの同業者とは異なる方法で仕事をしていた。

He first took my altitude by a quadrant, and then, with rule and compasses, described the dimensions and outlines of my whole body, all which he entered upon paper;

describe (描く) [動] represent or give an account of in words

dimension (寸法) [名] a measurable extent of some kind, such as length, width, or height

outline (輪郭) [名] the line or shape that forms the boundary of something

enter (書き込む) [動] write or type in

彼はまず四分儀で私の身長を測り、次に定規とコンパスで私の全身の寸法と輪郭を描き、それをすべて紙に書き込んだ。

and in six days brought my clothes very ill made, and quite out of shape, by happening to mistake a figure in the calculation.

six days (六日後) [名] the period of time that is six days

そして六日後に私の服を持ってきてくれたが、計算の数字を間違えたために、とても出来が悪く、形が崩れていた。

But my comfort was, that I observed such accidents very frequent, and little regarded.

comfort (慰め) [名] a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint

しかし、私の慰めは、そのような事故が非常に頻繁に起こり、ほとんど気にされていないことを観察したことだった。

During my confinement for want of clothes, and by an indisposition that held me some days longer, I much enlarged my dictionary;

indisposition (体調不良) [名] a slight illness

dictionary (辞書) [名] a book or electronic resource that lists the words of a language typically in alphabetical order and gives their meaning, or gives the equivalent words in a different language, often also providing in...

衣服がなくて閉じ込められている間に、また、体調不良で数日長く閉じ込められている間に、私は辞書を大いに増やした。

and when I went next to court, was able to understand many things the king spoke, and to return him some kind of answers.

そして、次に宮廷に行った時には、王が話すことの多くを理解し、何かしらの返答を返すことができた。

His majesty had given orders that the island should move northeast-and-by-east to the vertical point over Lagado, the metropolis of the whole kingdom below, upon the firm earth.

move (移動する) [動] to change position

vertical (真上) [形] at right angles to the horizontal

Lagado (ラガド) [名] the capital city of the kingdom of Balnibarbi

陛下は、島が北東に移動して、下にある王国全体の首都であるラガドの真上に来るように命令を下した。

It was about ninety leagues distant, and our voyage lasted four days and a half.

ninety (九十) [形] nine times ten

そこは約九十リーグ離れており、私たちの航海は四日半続いた。

I was not in the least sensible of the progressive motion made in the air by the island.

not in the least (全く) [副] not at all

sensible (感じる) [形] able to be perceived by the senses

私は島が空中を前進する動きを全く感じなかった。

On the second morning, about eleven o’clock, the king himself in person, attended by his nobility, courtiers, and officers, having prepared all their musical instruments, played on them for three hours without intermission, so that I was quite stunned with the noise;

on the second morning (二日目の朝) [名] the morning of the second day

about eleven o'clock (十一時頃) [名] around 11:00

the king himself in person (王自らが) [名] the king himself

intermission (休み) [名] a pause or break in a cinema or movie

二日目の朝、十一時頃、王自らが貴族、廷臣、役人らを従えて、楽器をすべて用意して、三時間休みなしに演奏したので、私はその音にかなり驚かされた。

neither could I possibly guess the meaning till my tutor informed me.

私の家庭教師が教えてくれるまで、私にはその意味を推測することもできなかった。

He said that the people of their island had their ears adapted to hear the music of the spheres, which always played at certain periods, and the court was now prepared to bear their part, in whatever instrument they most excelled.

adapt (適応する) [動] become adjusted to new conditions

彼は、この島の人々は、いつも一定の周期で奏でられる天球の音楽を聞くように耳が適応しており、宮廷では、どんな楽器でも最も優れた楽器で、その役割を果たす準備ができている、と言った。

In our journey towards Lagado, the capital city, his majesty ordered that the island should stop over certain towns and villages, whence he might receive the petitions of his subjects.

stop over (立ち寄る) [動] make a brief visit to a place while on a journey

首都ラガドに向かう途中、陛下は島をいくつかの町や村に立ち寄らせ、臣下からの嘆願書を受け付けるように命じた。

And to this purpose several packthreads were let down, with small weights at the bottom.

let down (垂らす) [動] allow to fall or be lowered

そして、この目的のために、底に小さな重りをつけた数本の麻糸を垂らした。

On these packthreads the people strung their petitions, which mounted up directly, like the scraps of paper fastened by schoolboys at the end of the string that holds their kite.

string (結びつける) [動] tie or fasten with string

mount up (上昇する) [動] increase in amount or value

directly (すぐに) [副] without delay or hesitation

kite (凧) [名] a light construction of paper or cloth with a frame, designed to be flown in the wind at the end of a long string

人々はこれらの麻糸に嘆願書を結びつけ、それはまるで凧を支える紐の端に小学生が紙切れを結びつけたように、すぐに上昇していった。

Sometimes we received wine and victuals from below, which were drawn up by pulleys.

時々、下からワインや食料を受け取ることもあったが、それらは滑車で引き上げられた。

The knowledge I had in mathematics gave me great assistance in acquiring their phraseology, which depended much upon that science and music;

acquire (習得する) [動] gain or obtain

phraseology (言い回し) [名] the way in which words are used to form phrases and sentences

depend (依存する) [動] be controlled or determined by

私の数学の知識は、その科学と音楽に大きく依存していた彼らの言い回しを習得するのに大いに役立った。

and in the latter I was not unskilled.

in (において) [前] expressing the situation of something that is or appears to be inside something else

そして後者において私は未熟ではなかった。

Their ideas are perpetually conversant in lines and figures.

perpetually (常に) [副] continuously; always

conversant (精通している) [形] having knowledge or experience of something

彼らの考えは常に線と図形に精通している。

If they would, for example, praise the beauty of a woman or any other animal, they describe it by rhombs, circles, parallelograms, ellipses, and other geometrical terms, or by words of art drawn from music, needless here to repeat.

for example (例えば) [副] as an example

praise (褒める) [動] express warm approval or admiration of

describe (表現する) [動] give an account of

rhombus (菱形) [名] a parallelogram with four equal sides

ellipse (楕円) [名] a plane curve such that the sum of the distances of each point from two fixed points is a constant

geometrical (幾何学的) [形] of or relating to geometry

例えば、女性や他の動物の美しさを褒める場合、彼らはそれを菱形、円、平行四辺形、楕円、その他の幾何学的用語や、音楽から引き出された芸術の言葉で表現するが、ここで繰り返す必要はない。

I observed in the king’s kitchen all sorts of mathematical and musical instruments, after the figures of which they cut up the joints that were served to his majesty’s table.

cut up (切り分ける) [動] cut into pieces

joint (関節) [名] a part of the body where two bones meet

serve (供される) [動] provide a service to

私は王の台所であらゆる種類の数学と楽器を観察したが、その形に従って王の食卓に供される関節を切り分けた。

Their houses are very ill-built, the walls bevel, without one right angle in any apartment;

ill-built (粗末に建てられた) [形] poorly constructed

bevel (斜め) [名] a slope from one edge to another

彼らの家は非常に粗末に建てられていて、壁は斜めで、どの部屋にも直角がない。

and this defect arises from the contempt they bear to practical geometry, which they despise as vulgar and mechanic;

arise (生じる) [動] come into existence or notice

practical (実用的な) [形] of or concerned with practice or action

geometry (幾何学) [名] the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces, solids, and higher dimensional analogues

この欠陥は、彼らが実用的な幾何学を軽蔑していることに起因している。

those instructions they give being too refined for the intellects of their workmen, which occasions perpetual mistakes.

refined (洗練された) [形] having a high degree of excellence

intellect (知性) [名] the ability to think, reason, and learn

occasion (犯す) [動] cause or produce

彼らが与える指示は、職人の知性には洗練されすぎていて、絶えず間違いを犯す。

And although they are dexterous enough upon a piece of paper, in the management of the rule, the pencil, and the divider, yet in the common actions and behavior of life, I have not seen a more clumsy, awkward, and unhandy people, nor so slow and perplexed in their conceptions upon all other subjects, except those of mathematics and music.

piece of paper (紙) [名] a thin material made from pressed fibers

management (扱い) [名] the process of dealing with or controlling things or people

pencil (鉛筆) [名] a writing implement with a graphite lead

divider (コンパス) [名] an instrument for measuring or marking off distances, typically in the form of a pair of compasses with two arms hinged together

common (日常の) [形] happening or done often; usual

clumsy (不器用な) [形] awkward in movement or action

awkward (ぎこちない) [形] lacking skill or grace

unhandy (不器用な) [形] not skillful with the hands

perplexed (困惑している) [形] completely baffled

subject (科目) [名] a topic or area of study

彼らは紙の上で定規、鉛筆、コンパスを扱うには十分器用だが、日常の行動や振る舞いにおいて、これほど不器用でぎこちなく、不器用な人々を見たことがないし、数学と音楽を除く他のすべての科目について、これほど理解が遅く、困惑している人々を見たことがない。

They are very bad reasoners, and vehemently given to opposition, unless when they happen to be of the right opinion, which is seldom their case.

very bad (非常に論理性に欠ける) [形] extremely bad

reasoner (論理性に欠ける) [名] a person who reasons

vehemently (激しく) [副] in a forceful, passionate, or intense manner

opposition (反対) [名] the action of opposing something

彼らは非常に論理性に欠け、たまたま正しい意見を持っている時以外は、激しく反対する。

Imagination, fancy, and invention they are wholly strangers to, nor have any words in their language by which those ideas can be expressed;

想像力、空想、発明は彼らには全く未知のものであり、彼らの言語にはそういった考えを表現できる言葉もない。

the whole compass of their thoughts and mind being shut up within the two forementioned sciences.

forementioned (前述の) [形] mentioned previously

彼らの思考と精神の全範囲は、前述の二つの科学の中に閉じ込められている。

Most of them, and especially those who deal in the astronomical part, have great faith in judicial astrology, although they are ashamed to own it publicly.

most of (ほとんどの) [限] the majority of

especially (特に) [副] to a great extent; very much

astronomical (天文学の) [形] of or relating to astronomy

have great faith in (強く信じる) [動] have a strong belief in

publicly (公に) [副] in a public manner

彼らのほとんどは、特に天文学の部分を扱う人々は、公に認めることを恥ずかしがっているが、占星術を強く信じている。

But what I chiefly admired, and thought altogether unaccountable, was the strong disposition I observed in them towards news and politics, perpetually inquiring into public affairs, giving their judgments in matters of state, and passionately disputing every inch of a party opinion.

unaccountable (不可解な) [形] not able to be explained

disposition (関心) [名] a person's natural or habitual tendency

news (ニュース) [名] a report of recent events

inquire (調べる) [動] ask about

give (下す) [動] make or deliver

state (国政) [名] the political organization of a country or nation

passionately (熱心に) [副] with strong feelings

inch (隅々) [名] a unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters

しかし、私が主に驚嘆し、全く不可解だと思ったことは、彼らがニュースや政治に対して強い関心を持ち、常に公務を調べ、国政について判断を下し、党派の意見の隅々まで熱心に議論していることだった。

I have indeed observed the same disposition among most of the mathematicians I have known in Europe, although I could never discover the least analogy between the two sciences;

analogy (類似性) [名] a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification

実際、私はヨーロッパで知っているほとんどの数学者の間にも同じ傾向があることを観察したが、二つの科学の間には少しも類似性を見出すことができなかった。

unless those people suppose, that because the smallest circle has as many degrees as the largest, therefore the regulation and management of the world require no more abilities than the handling and turning of a globe;

regulation (規制) [名] a rule or order having the force of law

handling (扱う) [動] deal with or manage

最も小さな円が最も大きな円と同じだけの度数を持つからといって、世界の規制や管理は地球儀を扱ったり回したりする以上の能力を必要としないと考えない限り、

but I rather take this quality to spring from a very common infirmity of human nature, inclining us to be more curious and conceited in matters where we have least concern, and for which we are at least adapted either by study or nature.

spring (生じる) [動] come into being

infirmity (弱点) [名] a physical or mental weakness

human nature (人間性) [名] the general psychological characteristics, feelings, and behavioral traits of humankind, regarded as shared by all humans

incline (傾向がある) [動] be disposed or willing

conceited (うぬぼれる) [形] having an excessively high opinion of oneself

concern (関心) [名] a matter of interest or importance to someone

しかし、私はむしろこの性質を人間性の非常に一般的な弱点から生じていると考え、私たちが最も関心の薄い事柄や、勉強や自然によって最も適応していない事柄に対して、より好奇心を持ち、うぬぼれるようになる傾向がある。

These people are under continual disquietudes, never enjoying a minute’s peace of mind;

be under (苛まれる) [動] be affected by

これらの人々は絶えず不安に苛まれており、一分たりとも心の安らぎを享受することができない。

and their disturbances proceed from causes which very little affect the rest of mortals.

disturbance (不安) [名] a state of being disturbed

そして、彼らの不安は、他の人間にはほとんど影響を与えない原因から生じている。

Their apprehensions arise from several changes they dread in the celestial bodies: for instance, that the earth, by the continual approaches of the sun towards it, must in course of time be absorbed or swallowed up;

celestial body (天体) [名] a natural object that is located outside of Earth's atmosphere

dread (恐ろしい) [形] causing great fear or anxiety

course (やがて) [名] the passage of time

absorb (吸収する) [動] take in or soak up

swallow up (飲み込む) [動] engulf or devour

彼らの不安は、天体に起こる恐ろしい変化から生じている。例えば、地球は太陽が絶えず近づいてくることによって、やがて吸収されたり飲み込まれたりしてしまうに違いない。

that the face of the sun will by degrees be incrusted with its own effluvia, and give no more light to the world;

face (表面) [名] the front of the head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

be incrusted with (覆われる) [動] be covered with a hard layer

effluvia (放出物) [名] an unpleasant or harmful discharge or emission

太陽の表面は次第に自らの放出物で覆われ、世界に光を与えなくなるだろう。

that the earth very narrowly escaped a brush from the tail of the last comet, which would have infallibly reduced it to ashes;

brush (掠り) [名] a light touch

comet (彗星) [名] a small body made of ice and dust that orbits the Sun

ash (灰) [名] the powdery residue left after a fire has burned

地球は前回の彗星の尾に掠りもしなかったが、もし掠っていたら間違いなく灰になっていただろう。

and that the next, which they have calculated for one-and-thirty years hence, will probably destroy us.

calculate (計算する) [動] determine the amount or number of

one-and-thirty (三十一) [形] the number 31

hence (後に) [副] from now

そして、彼らが計算したところ、次の彗星は三十一年後にやってくるが、おそらく我々を滅ぼすだろう。

For if, in its perihelion, it should approach within a certain degree of the sun (as by their calculations they have reason to dread), it will conceive a degree of heat ten thousand times more intense than that of red-hot glowing iron;

perihelion (近日点) [名] the point in the orbit of a planet or other body when it is nearest to the sun

dread (恐れる) [動] anticipate with great apprehension or fear

red-hot (赤く焼けた) [形] extremely hot

なぜなら、もしそれが近日点において、太陽に一定の角度まで近づけば(彼らの計算によると、恐れるに足る理由がある)、それは赤く焼けた鉄よりも一万倍も強い熱を帯びることになるからである。

and, in its absence from the sun, carry a blazing tail ten hundred thousand and fourteen miles long, through which if the earth should pass at the distance of one hundred thousand miles from the nucleus or main body of the comet, it must in its passage be set on fire, and reduced to ashes;

carry (持つ) [動] to move while supporting

blazing (燃え盛る) [形] very bright or hot

ten hundred thousand and fourteen miles (十万十四マイル) [名] a very long distance

nucleus (核) [名] the central and most important part of something

main body (本体) [名] the principal part of something

set on fire (火がつく) [動] to cause to burn

reduce to ashes (灰になる) [動] to burn to ashes

そして、太陽から離れている時には、十万十四マイルの長さの燃え盛る尾を持ち、もし地球が彗星の核や本体から十万マイル離れたところを通過すれば、その通過中に火がつき、灰になってしまうに違いない。

that the sun, daily spending its rays without any nutriment to supply them, will at last be wholly consumed and annihilated;

spend (放射する) [動] pay out or disburse

ray (光線) [名] a line or narrow beam of light

nutriment (栄養分) [名] something that nourishes; food

consume (消滅する) [動] eat or drink

annihilate (消滅する) [動] destroy utterly

太陽は、毎日光線を放射して補給する栄養分もないので、ついには完全に消滅してしまうだろう。

which must be attended with the destruction of this earth, and of all the planets that receive their light from it.

planet (惑星) [名] a large round object in space that moves around the sun

それは、この地球と、太陽から光を受けているすべての惑星の破壊を伴うことになる。

They are so perpetually alarmed with the apprehensions of these and the like impending dangers, that they can neither sleep quietly in their beds, nor have any relish for the common pleasures or amusements of life.

alarm (悩ます) [動] cause to feel fear, anxiety, or panic

impending (差し迫った) [形] about to happen

pleasure (楽しみ) [名] a feeling of satisfaction or enjoyment

彼らは、これらの危険や同様の差し迫った危険に対する不安に絶えず悩まされているので、ベッドで静かに眠ることもできず、人生の普通の楽しみや娯楽を楽しむこともできない。

When they meet an acquaintance in the morning, the first question is about the sun’s health;

朝、知り合いに会うと、まず太陽の健康状態を尋ねる。

how he looked at his setting and rising, and what hopes they have to avoid the stroke of the approaching comet.

look at (見る) [動] direct one's gaze toward

setting (日の入り) [名] the time when the sun goes below the horizon

rising (日の出) [名] the time when the sun appears above the horizon

stroke (衝突) [名] a sudden attack or event

日の出と日の入りをどう見ていたか、また、接近する彗星の衝突を避けるにはどんな希望があるか、といったことだ。

This conversation they are apt to run into with the same temper that boys discover in delighting to hear terrible stories of sprites and hobgoblins, which they greedily listen to, and dare not go to bed for fear.

run into (陥る) [動] meet or find by chance

temper (気分) [名] a state of mind or a mood

delighting (喜ぶ) [動] be extremely pleased

sprite (妖精) [名] an elf or fairy

hobgoblin (ホブゴブリン) [名] a mischievous goblin

greedily (貪欲に) [副] in a way that shows a great desire for something

彼らは、少年たちが貪欲に聞き、恐怖のために寝ようとしない、恐ろしい妖精やホブゴブリンの話を喜んで聞くのと同じ気分で、この会話に陥りがちである。

The women of the island have abundance of vivacity;

vivacity (活気) [名] the quality or state of being lively or full of life

この島の女性は活気にあふれている。

they contemn their husbands, and are exceedingly fond of strangers, whereof there is always a considerable number from the continent below, attending at court, either upon affairs of the several towns and corporations, or their own particular occasions, but are much despised, because they want the same endowments.

contemn (軽蔑する) [動] to treat or regard with contempt

husband (夫) [名] a married man

below (下界) [副] in or to a lower place

corporation (法人) [名] a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity

彼女たちは夫を軽蔑し、見知らぬ人を非常に好むが、その中には、下界の大陸からかなりの数の人が、いくつかの町や法人の用事や、自分たちの特別な用事で宮廷に出席しているが、同じ資質を欠いているために、非常に軽蔑されている。

Among these the ladies choose their gallants.

among (中から) [前] in or into the middle of

女性たちはその中から自分の恋人を選ぶ。

But the vexation is, that they act with too much ease and security;

ease (安易に) [名] the state of being comfortable or relaxed

しかし、困ったことに、彼らはあまりにも安易に、安心して行動している。

for the husband is always so wrapped in speculation, that the mistress and lover may proceed to the greatest familiarities before his face, if he be but provided with paper and implements, and without his flapper at his side.

wrapped (耽る) [動] be completely absorbed in

mistress (妻) [名] a woman who has a sexual relationship with a married man

lover (恋人) [名] a person having a sexual or romantic relationship with another

familiarity (親密な関係) [名] a close personal relationship

face (前) [名] the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

be provided with (あれば) [動] be supplied with

implement (道具) [名] a tool, utensil, or other piece of equipment

夫はいつも思索に耽っているので、紙と道具さえあれば、横にフラッパーがいなければ、妻と恋人は夫の前で最も親密な関係に進むことができる。

The wives and daughters lament their confinement to the island, although I think it the most delicious spot of ground in the world: and although they live here in the greatest plenty and magnificence, and are allowed to do whatever they please, they long to see the world, and take the diversions of the metropolis;

plenty (豊か) [名] a state or condition of abundance

long (望む) [動] feel a strong desire or need for

take (楽しむ) [動] get or have the benefit of

metropolis (大都市) [名] a large city

妻や娘たちは、この島に閉じ込められていることを嘆いているが、私はここが世界で一番おいしい場所だと思うし、ここでは豊かで壮大な生活を送り、何でも好きなことをしてもいいのだが、彼女たちは世界を見て、大都市の娯楽を楽しみたいと思っている。

which they are not allowed to do without a particular license from the king;

王からの特別な許可がなければ、そうすることは許されていない。

and this is not easy to be obtained, because the people of quality have found, by frequent experience, how hard it is to persuade their women to return from below.

not easy (簡単ではない) [形] not easy

obtain (手に入れ) [動] get, acquire, or achieve

hard (難しい) [形] not easy; requiring much effort

これを手に入れるのは簡単ではない。なぜなら、上流階級の人々は、女性を下界から帰らせるのがいかに難しいかを、頻繁な経験から知っているからだ。

I was told that a great court lady, who had several children, is married to the prime minister (the richest subject in the kingdom, a very graceful person, extremely fond of her) and lives in the finest palace in the island, went down to Lagado, on the pretense of health, there hid herself for several months, till the king sent a warrant to search for her, and she was found in an obscure eating house all in rags, having pawned her clothes to maintain an old deformed footman, who beat her every day, and in whose company she was taken, much against her will.

richest (最も裕福な) [形] having a great deal of money or assets

finest (最も立派な) [形] of the highest quality

go down (下りる) [動] move or travel from a higher to a lower place

pretense (口実) [名] a false reason given to hide the real reason for doing something

several months (数ヶ月間) [名] a period of time lasting for more than one month but less than a year

obscure (無名の) [形] not discovered or known about; uncertain

eating house (食堂) [名] a place where people pay to sit and eat meals that are cooked and served on the premises

rag (ぼろぼろの服) [名] a piece of old cloth, especially one torn from a larger piece

pawn (質に入れる) [動] deposit an object with a pawnbroker as security for a loan

maintain (養う) [動] cause or enable to continue in a certain state

deformed (醜い) [形] having a distorted or misshapen form or structure

beat (殴る) [動] strike repeatedly and violently

against one's will (意に反して) [副] unwillingly

何人かの子供を持ち、首相(王国で最も裕福な臣下であり、非常に優雅な人で、彼女をとても愛している)と結婚して島で最も立派な宮殿に住んでいる宮廷の貴婦人が、健康を口実にラガドに下り、王が彼女を捜索する令状を送るまで数ヶ月間身を隠し、ぼろぼろの服を着て、毎日彼女を殴り、彼女の意に反して連れて行かれた老いた醜い従私を養うために服を質に入れた、無名の食堂で発見されたと聞いた。

And although her husband received her with all possible kindness, and without the least reproach, she soon after contrived to steal down again with all her jewels, to the same gallant, and has not been heard of since.

steal (盗み出す) [動] take (something) without permission or legal right and without intending to return it

gallant (男) [名] a man who is very polite and attentive to women

夫は彼女を可能な限り親切に迎え入れ、少しも非難しなかったが、彼女はすぐにすべての宝石を持って同じ男のもとへ再び盗み出そうと企み、それ以来消息を絶った。

This may perhaps pass with the reader rather for a European or English story, than for one of a country so remote.

これはおそらく読者には、それほど遠い国の物語というよりは、ヨーロッパやイギリスの物語として通るかもしれない。

But he may please to consider, that the caprices of womankind are not limited by any climate or nation, and that they are much more uniform than can be easily imagined.

caprice (気まぐれ) [名] a sudden and unaccountable change of mood or behavior

climate (気候) [名] the weather averaged over a period of time

uniform (一様) [形] not varying; the same throughout

しかし、女性の気まぐれは気候や国に左右されるものではなく、想像以上に一様であることを考慮していただきたい。

In about a month’s time I had made a tolerable proficiency in their language, and was able to answer most of the king’s questions, when I had the honor to attend him.

about a month's time (約一ヶ月) [名] a period of time lasting for about a month

make a tolerable proficiency (かなり習得する) [動] become quite good at something

約一ヶ月で私は彼らの言語をかなり習得し、王に随行する栄誉に浴した際には、王の質問のほとんどに答えられるようになっていた。

His majesty discovered not the least curiosity to inquire into the laws, government, history, religion, or manners of the countries where I had been;

陛下は私が訪れた国の法律、政治、歴史、宗教、風習について尋ねる好奇心を少しも示さなかった。

but confined his questions to the state of mathematics, and received the account I gave him with great contempt and indifference, though often roused by his flapper on each side.

rouse (起こす) [動] cause to be awake or conscious

しかし、質問は数学の状態に限定され、私が答えた内容を、両側にいるフラッパーに何度も起こされたにもかかわらず、非常に軽蔑し無関心に受け取った。

CHAPTER III

第三章

A PHENOMENON SOLVED BY MODERN PHILOSOPHY AND ASTRONOMY—THE LAPUTIANS’ GREAT IMPROVEMENTS IN THE LATTER—THE KING’S METHOD OF SUPPRESSING INSURRECTIONS.

astronomy (天文学) [名] the study of the universe and its contents outside of Earth's atmosphere

solve (解明する) [動] find an answer to, explanation for, or means of effectively dealing with (a problem or mystery)

suppress (鎮圧する) [動] forcibly put an end to

insurrection (反乱) [名] a violent uprising against an authority or government

現代哲学と天文学によって解明された現象ー後者におけるラピュータ人の大きな進歩ー王の反乱鎮圧法

I desired leave of this prince to see the curiosities of the island, which he was graciously pleased to grant, and ordered my tutor to attend me.

attend (同行する) [動] to go with someone to a place or event

私はこの王子に島の珍しいものを見たいと言って許可を願い出ると、王子は快く許可し、私の家庭教師に同行するよう命じた。

I chiefly wanted to know to what cause in art or in nature it owed its several motions, whereof I will now give a philosophical account to the reader.

want to know (知りたい) [動] wish to know

私は主に、その島がどのような技術や自然の原因で様々な動きをするのかを知りたいと思っていたので、ここで読者に哲学的な説明をしようと思う。

The flying or floating island is exactly circular, its diameter 7837 yards, or about four miles and a half, and consequently contains ten thousand acres.

circular (円形) [形] having the shape of a circle

acre (エーカー) [名] a unit of area equal to 43560 square feet

空を飛ぶ、あるいは浮かぶ島は正円形で、直径は7837ヤード、つまり約4マイル半で、その結果、1万エーカーの面積がある。

It is three hundred yards thick.

厚さは300ヤードである。

The bottom or under surface, which appears to those who view it from below, is one even regular plate of adamant, shooting up to the height of about two hundred yards.

under surface (底面) [名] the bottom surface

even (均一な) [形] level or smooth

regular (厚さの) [形] following a standard or norm

adamant (アダマント) [名] a legendary stone of impenetrable hardness

shoot up (そびえ立つ) [動] rise or grow rapidly

下から見上げると見える底面は、約200ヤードの高さまでそびえ立つ、均一な厚さのアダマントの板である。

Above it lie the several minerals in their usual order, and over all is a coat of rich mold, ten or twelve feet deep.

above (上に) [前] in or to a higher place or position

mineral (鉱物) [名] a solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence

order (順序) [名] the arrangement or disposition of people or things in relation to each other according to a particular sequence, pattern, or method

over (上に) [前] in or to a higher place or position

coat (覆う) [名] an outer covering or layer

mold (土壌) [名] a layer of soil rich in organic matter

その上には、通常の順序で様々な鉱物が横たわっており、その上には厚さ10フィートから12フィートの豊かな土壌が覆っている。

This declivity of the upper surface, from the circumference to the center, is the natural cause why all the dews and rains which fall upon the island are conveyed in small rivulets towards the middle, where they are emptied into four large basins, each of about half a mile in circuit, and two hundred yards distant from the center.

upper surface (上部の表面) [名] the top surface

natural cause (自然の原因) [名] the cause of something that is not made or caused by humans

dew (露) [名] water droplets that form on cold surfaces at night

small rivulet (小さな小川) [名] a small stream

large basin (大きな盆地) [名] a large area of land that is lower than the land around it

上部の表面が円周から中心に向かって傾斜しているため、島に降るすべての露や雨が小さな小川となって中央に向かって流れ、そこでそれぞれが周囲約半マイル、中心から200ヤード離れた4つの大きな盆地に流れ込む。

From these basins the water is continually exhaled by the sun in the daytime, which effectually prevents their overflowing.

basin (盆地) [名] a large bowl

exhale (蒸発する) [動] to breathe out

daytime (日中) [名] the time of day when it is light

effectually (効果的に) [副] in such a manner as to produce a desired effect

これらの盆地から水は日中太陽によって絶えず蒸発し、それが効果的に水の溢れ出しを防いでいる。

Besides, as it is in the power of the monarch to raise the island above the region of clouds and vapors, he can prevent the falling of dews and rains whenever he pleases.

region (領域) [名] an area of land having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries

vapor (水蒸気) [名] water in a gaseous state as distinguished from its liquid or solid state

その上、島を雲や水蒸気の領域より上に上げるのは君主の権限なので、彼はいつでも好きな時に露や雨が降るのを防ぐことができる。

For the highest clouds cannot rise above two miles, as naturalists agree;

highest (最も高い) [形] of the greatest vertical extent

自然主義者たちが同意するように、最も高い雲でも2マイル以上は上昇できないからだ。

at least they were never known to do so in that country.

be never known to (知られていない) [動] not be known to

do so (そうしたこと) [動] do that

少なくとも、その国ではそうしたことは知られていない。

At the center of the island there is a chasm about fifty yards in diameter, whence the astronomers descend into a large dome, which is therefore called _flandona gagnole_, or the Astronomer’s Cave, situated at the depth of a hundred yards beneath the upper surface of the adamant.

chasm (割れ目) [名] a deep crack in the ground

dome (ドーム) [名] a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure

Astronomer's Cave (天文学者の洞窟) [名] a cave where astronomers work

upper (上部) [形] situated above something else

surface (表面) [名] the outside part or layer of something

島の中心には直径約50ヤードの割れ目があり、そこから天文学者たちは大きなドームの中に降りていく。そのため、このドームは「フランドーナ・ガニョール」あるいは「天文学者の洞窟」と呼ばれ、アダマントの上部表面から100ヤード下の深さに位置している。

In this cave are twenty lamps continually burning, which from the reflection of the adamant cast a strong light into every part.

lamp (ランプ) [名] a device for producing light

burn (燃える) [動] be on fire

cast (放つ) [動] throw or hurl forcefully

この洞窟には20個のランプが絶えず燃えており、アダマントの反射によってあらゆる部分に強い光を放っている。

The place is stored with great variety of sextants, quadrants, telescopes, astrolabes, and other astronomical instruments.

store (保管する) [動] keep or put away for future use

great variety of (数多く) [名] a large number or amount

sextant (六分儀) [名] an instrument used to measure the angle between any two visible objects

telescope (望遠鏡) [名] an optical instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses, or of curved mirrors and lenses, by which rays of light are collected and focused and the res...

astrolabe (アストロラーベ) [名] an ancient astronomical instrument for measuring the altitudes of celestial bodies

astronomical instrument (天文機器) [名] a scientific instrument used to study celestial bodies

この場所には、六分儀、四分儀、望遠鏡、アストロラーベ、その他の天文機器が数多く保管されている。

But the greatest curiosity, upon which the fate of the island depends, is a loadstone of a prodigious size, in shape resembling a weaver’s shuttle.

しかし、島の運命を左右する最大の珍品は、織機の杼に似た形をした巨大な磁石である。

It is in length six yards, and in the thickest part at least three yards over.

in length (長さ) [名] the measurement of something from end to end

six yards (6ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet

in the thickest part (最も厚い部分) [名] the part of something that is thickest

three yards (3ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet

長さは6ヤード、最も厚い部分は少なくとも3ヤード以上ある。

This magnet is sustained by a very strong axle of adamant passing through its middle, upon which it plays, and is poised so exactly that the weakest hand can turn it.

magnet (磁石) [名] a piece of metal that attracts other metals

sustain (支える) [動] to hold up or support

axle (軸) [名] a rod or pin holding a wheel or a pair of wheels

pass through (貫通する) [動] to go through or across

play (回転する) [動] to move or cause to move freely and lightly

poise (バランスが取れている) [動] to be balanced or suspended

この磁石は、その真ん中を貫通する非常に強固なアダマントの軸によって支えられており、その上で回転し、非常に正確にバランスが取れているため、最も弱い手でも回すことができる。

It is hooped round with a hollow cylinder of adamant, four feet deep, as many thick, and twelve yards in diameter, placed horizontally, and supported by eight adamantine feet, each six yards high.

hoop (輪) [名] a circular band of metal or wood

cylinder (円筒) [名] a solid geometric figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section

as many (同じく) [副] to the same extent

twelve yards (12ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet

horizontally (水平に) [副] in a horizontal position

adamantine (アダマントの) [形] made of or resembling adamant

深さ4フィート、厚さも同じく4フィート、直径12ヤードのアダマントの中空の円筒が水平に置かれ、それぞれ高さ6ヤードの8本のアダマントの脚で支えられている。

In the middle of the concave side there is a groove twelve inches deep, in which the extremities of the axle are lodged, and turned round as there is occasion.

concave (凹面) [形] having a surface that curves inward

twelve inches (12インチ) [名] a unit of length equal to 12 inches

axle (車軸) [名] a rod or spindle passing through the center of a wheel or group of wheels

extremity (端) [名] the furthest point or limit of something

lodge (収まる) [動] be firmly or securely fixed in a place or position

turn round (回転する) [動] move or cause to move in a circular motion

凹面の真ん中には深さ12インチの溝があり、そこに車軸の端が収まり、必要に応じて回転する。

The stone cannot be moved from its place by any force, because the hoop and its feet are one continued piece with that body of adamant which constitutes the bottom of the island.

foot (脚) [名] the end of the leg below the ankle joint

one (一体) [形] being a single unit or thing

constitute (構成する) [動] be a part of

石はどんな力でも動かすことはできない。なぜなら、輪とその脚は島の底を構成するアダマントの本体と一体になっているからだ。

By means of this loadstone, the island is made to rise and fall, and move from one place to another.

by means of (によって) [前] using or with the help of

loadstone (磁石) [名] a piece of magnetite that has magnetic properties and attracts iron and steel

rise and fall (上下する) [動] go up and down

この磁石によって、島は上下したり、ある場所から別の場所に移動したりする。

For, with respect to that part of the earth over which the monarch presides, the stone is indued at one of its sides with an attractive power, and at the other with a repulsive.

with respect to (に関して) [前] in relation to; regarding

preside (支配する) [動] be in charge of or have control over

indue (与える) [動] to put on or clothe with

attractive (引力) [形] having a pleasing appearance or manner

repulsive (斥力) [形] causing a feeling of disgust or dislike

というのも、この石は、君主が支配する地球の部分に関して、一方の側に引力を与え、もう一方の側に斥力を与えているからである。

Upon placing the magnet erect, with its attracting end toward the earth, the island descends;

attract (向ける) [動] cause to come to oneself or itself, as if by a magnetic force

descend (下降する) [動] move or fall downward

磁石を立てて、その引力のある端を地球に向けると、島は下降する。

but when the repelling extremity points downwards, the island mounts directly upwards.

point (向く) [動] be directed or aimed

しかし、反発する端が下を向くと、島は真上に上昇する。

When the position of the stone is oblique, the motion of the island is so too: for in this magnet the forces always act in lines parallel to its direction.

position (位置) [名] the place where someone or something is located

oblique (斜め) [形] neither parallel nor perpendicular

act (作用する) [動] have an effect or impact

direction (方向) [名] the course along which someone or something moves

石の位置が斜めになると、島の動きも斜めになる。この磁石では、力は常にその方向に平行な線で作用するからである。

By this oblique motion the island is conveyed to different parts of the monarch’s dominions.

この斜めの動きによって、島は君主の領土のさまざまな場所に運ばれる。

To explain the manner of its progress, let _A B_ represent a line drawn across the dominions of Balnibarbi.

represent (表す) [動] be a symbol of

line (線) [名] a long thin mark or a series of such marks

その進行の様子を説明するために、_A B_をバルニバルビの領土を横切って引かれた線としよう。

Let the line _c d_ represent the loadstone, of which let _d_ be the repelling end and _c_ the attracting end, the island being over _C_; let the stone be placed in the position _c d_, with its repelling end downwards;

線_c d_を磁石とし、_d_を反発端、_c_を引き付ける端とし、島を_C_の上に置く。石を_c d_の位置に置き、反発端を下向きにする。

then the island will be driven upwards obliquely towards _D_.

be driven (移動する) [動] be moved or propelled

upwards (上方) [副] in a direction from lower to higher

obliquely (斜め) [副] at an angle; slantwise

すると、島は_D_に向かって斜め上方に移動する。

When it is arrived at _D_, let the stone be turned upon its axle till its attracting end points towards _E_, and then the island will be carried obliquely towards _E_;

point (指す) [動] direct or aim

obliquely (斜めに) [副] in a slanting direction

_D_に到着したら、石を引き付ける端が_E_を指すまで軸を中心に回転させると、島は_E_に向かって斜めに運ばれる。

where, if the stone be again turned upon its axle till it stands in the position _E F_, with its repelling point downwards, the island will rise obliquely towards _F_, where, by directing the attracting end towards _G_, the island may be carried to _G_, and from _G_ to _H_, by turning the stone so as to make its repelling extremity point directly downwards.

direct (向ける) [動] cause to move or extend in a specified direction

そこで、石を再び軸を中心に回転させて、反発点が下向きになるように_E F_の位置に立てると、島は_F_に向かって斜めに上昇し、そこで引き付ける端を_G_に向けることで、島は_G_に運ばれ、_G_から_H_に運ばれる。

And thus by changing the situation of the stone as often as there is occasion, the island is made to rise and fall by turns in an oblique direction, and by those alternate risings and fallings (the obliquity being not considerable) is conveyed from one part of the dominions to the other.

situation (位置) [名] the place or position in which something is located

alternate (交互) [形] every other; every second

rising (上昇) [名] the action or fact of going up

falling (下降) [名] the action or fact of going down

こうして、必要に応じて石の位置を変えることで、島は斜め方向に交互に上下するようになり、その交互の上下運動によって(斜め方向の移動は考慮しない)、領土の一部から別の場所へと運ばれる。

But it must be observed, that this island cannot move beyond the extent of the dominions below, nor can it rise above the height of four miles.

extent (範囲) [名] the area covered by something

しかし、この島は下にある領土の範囲を超えて移動することはできず、また、4マイル以上の高さに上昇することもできないことに注意しなければならない。

For which the astronomers (who have written large systems concerning the stone) assign the following reason: that the magnetic virtue does not extend beyond the distance of four miles, and that the mineral which acts upon the stone in the bowels of the earth, and in the sea about six leagues distant from the shore, is not diffused through the whole globe, but terminated with the limits of the king’s dominions;

astronomer (天文学者) [名] a scientist who studies astronomy

magnetic (磁気的な) [形] of or relating to a magnet or to magnetism

virtue (性質) [名] a quality or property regarded as morally good or desirable

four miles (4マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1.609344 kilometers

shore (海岸) [名] the land bordering the sea or a lake

そのために、天文学者(石に関する大規模な体系を記述した)は、磁気的な性質は4マイルを超えて及ばず、地球の内部や海岸から約6リーグ離れた海中で石に作用する鉱物は地球全体に拡散しているのではなく、王の領土の境界で終結しているという理由を挙げている。

and it was easy, from the great advantage of such a superior situation, for a prince to bring under his obedience whatever country lay within the attraction of that magnet.

it (それ) [代] the thing that is being discussed

be (だった) [動] exist or live

the great advantage (大きな利点) [名] a big benefit

such a superior situation (そのような優れた状況) [名] a situation that is better than others

a prince (王子) [名] a male member of a royal family

to bring (置くこと) [動] cause to come or go to a place

obedience (支配下) [名] the quality or state of being obedient

the attraction (引力) [名] the action or power of evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something

そして、そのような優れた状況の大きな利点から、王子にとって、その磁石の引力の中にあるどんな国でも自分の支配下に置くことは簡単だった。

When the stone is put parallel to the plane of the horizon, the island stands still;

plane (面) [名] a flat surface

石が地平面と平行に置かれると、島は静止する。

for in that case, the extremities of it being at equal distance from the earth, act with equal force, the one in drawing downwards, the other in pushing upwards, and consequently no motion can insue.

in that case (その場合) [副] in the situation that

equal distance (等距離) [名] the same distance

equal force (等しい力) [名] the same amount of force

the other (もう一方) [名] the other one

can (起こり得る) [助] be able to

insue (起こる) [動] happen or occur

その場合、石の両端が地球から等距離にあるため、一方は下向きに、もう一方は上向きに等しい力で作用し、結果として運動は起こり得ない。

This loadstone is under the care of certain astronomers, who from time to time give it such positions as the monarch directs.

under the care of (管理下にある) [名] be managed by

from time to time (時折) [副] occasionally

この磁石は、天文学者たちの管理下にあり、彼らは時折、君主の指示に従って磁石の位置を調整する。

They spend the greatest part of their lives in observing the celestial bodies, which they do by the assistance of glasses far excelling ours in goodness.

excel (優れる) [動] be exceptionally good at or proficient in

彼らは人生の大部分を天体を観察することに費やしているが、それは我々のものよりはるかに優れたガラスの助けを借りて行っている。

This advantage has enabled them to extend their discoveries much farther than our astronomers in Europe; for they have made a catalogue of ten thousand fixed stars, whereas the largest of ours do not contain above one-third part of that number.

catalogue (目録) [名] a complete list of items

fixed star (恒星) [名] a star that appears to be motionless in the sky

この利点により、彼らはヨーロッパの天文学者よりもはるかに遠くまで発見を広げることができた。彼らは一万個の恒星の目録を作ったが、我々の最大の目録はその数の三分の一以上を含んでいない。

They have likewise discovered two lesser stars, or satellites, which revolve about Mars;

lesser (小さな) [形] smaller in size or amount

satellite (衛星) [名] an artificial body placed in orbit round the earth or moon or another planet in order to collect information or for communication

revolve (回る) [動] move in a circular orbit around

Mars (火星) [名] the fourth planet from the sun

彼らは同様に、火星の周りを回る二つの小さな星、つまり衛星を発見した。

whereof the innermost is distant from the center of the primary planet exactly three of the diameters, and the outermost, five;

innermost (最も内側の) [形] farthest inward

primary (主な) [形] most important

outermost (最も外側の) [形] farthest outward

そのうち最も内側にあるものは、主惑星の中心から直径のちょうど三倍、最も外側にあるものは五倍の距離にある。

the former revolves in the space of ten hours, and the latter in twenty-one and a half;

revolve (回転する) [動] move in a circular motion

ten hours (十時間) [名] a period of time equal to 600 minutes

twenty-one and a half (二十一時間半) [名] a period of time equal to 1305 minutes

前者は十時間で回転し、後者は二十一時間半で回転する。

so that the squares of their periodical times are very near in the same proportion with the cubes of their distance from the center of Mars;

square (二乗) [名] the product of a number multiplied by itself

periodical (周期) [名] a publication that is issued regularly

cube (三乗) [名] the product of a number multiplied by its square

そのため、周期の二乗は火星の中心からの距離の三乗とほぼ同じ比率になる。

which evidently shows them to be governed by the same law of gravitation that influences the other heavenly bodies.

evidently (はっきりと) [副] in a way that is obvious or easily seen or understood

show (わかる) [動] be clear or obvious

gravitation (引力) [名] the force of attraction between all masses in the universe

heavenly body (天体) [名] an object in outer space such as a star, planet, or moon

つまり、他の天体に影響を与えているのと同じ引力の法則に支配されていることがはっきりとわかる。

They have observed ninety-three different comets, and settled their periods with great exactness.

ninety-three (九十三) [数] the number 93

settle (決定する) [動] decide or agree on

彼らは九十三個の異なる彗星を観察し、その周期を非常に正確に決定した。

If this be true (and they affirm it with great confidence), it is much to be wished that their observations were made public, whereby the theory of comets, which at present is very lame and defective, might be brought to the same perfection with other parts of astronomy.

be true (本当である) [動] be in accordance with fact or reality

confidence (自信) [名] a feeling of self-assurance arising from one's appreciation of one's own abilities or qualities

theory (理論) [名] a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something

もしこれが本当なら(彼らは自信をもって断言している)、彼らの観察結果が公表されることを強く望むべきであり、それによって現在非常に不完全で欠陥のある彗星の理論が天文学の他の部分と同じように完成されるかもしれない。

The king would be the most absolute prince in the universe, if he could but prevail on a ministry to join with him;

prevail (説得する) [動] to be greater in strength or influence

join (組む) [動] to come together with another or others so as to form a group or unit

王は、もし大臣を説得して自分と組むことができれば、宇宙で最も絶対的な君主となるだろう。

but these, having their estates below on the continent, and considering that the office of a favorite has a very uncertain tenure, would never consent to the enslaving their country.

tenure (地位) [名] the holding of an office or property

consent (同意する) [動] give permission for something to happen

enslave (奴隷にする) [動] make someone a slave

しかし、大臣たちは大陸に領地を持っており、寵臣の地位は非常に不安定であることを考えると、自国を奴隷にすることには決して同意しないだろう。

If any town should engage in rebellion or mutiny, fall into violent factions, or refuse to pay the usual tribute, the king has two methods of reducing them to obedience.

engage in (従事する) [動] be involved in

mutiny (暴動) [名] an open rebellion against the proper authorities, especially by soldiers or sailors against their officers

fall into (陥る) [動] become involved in

tribute (貢物) [名] a gift or statement that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration

もし、どこかの町が反乱や暴動を起こしたり、激しい派閥争いに陥ったり、通常の貢物を支払うのを拒否したりした場合、王には彼らを従わせるための二つの方法がある。

The first and the mildest course is by keeping the island hovering over such a town, and the lands about it, whereby he can deprive them of the benefit of the sun and the rain, and consequently afflict the inhabitants with dearth and diseases and if the crime deserve it, they are at the same time pelted from above with great stones, against which they have no defense but by creeping into cellars or caves, while the roofs of their houses are beaten to pieces.

mildest (最も穏やかな) [形] least severe or intense

course (方法) [名] a procedure to be followed

benefit (恩恵) [名] something that is advantageous or favourable

afflict (苦しめる) [動] cause pain or suffering to

dearth (飢餓) [名] a scarcity or lack of something

disease (病気) [名] a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physi...

cellar (地下室) [名] a room below ground level in a house, typically used for storage

第一の、そして最も穏やかな方法は、島をそのような町やその周辺の土地の上に浮かべておくことで、太陽や雨の恩恵を奪い、その結果、住民を飢餓や病気で苦しめることである。そして、もし罪がそれに値するならば、彼らは同時に上から大きな石を投げつけられるが、それに対しては地下室や洞窟に潜り込む以外に防御の術はなく、家の屋根は粉々に打ち砕かれる。

But if they still continue obstinate, or offer to raise insurrections, he proceeds to the last remedy, by letting the island drop directly upon their heads, which makes a universal destruction both of houses and men.

obstinate (頑固な) [形] stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or to do what other people want

universal (すべて) [形] of, affecting, or done by all people or things in the world or in a particular group; general

しかし、それでも彼らが頑固に抵抗し続けたり、反乱を起こそうとしたりすれば、王は最後の手段として、島を彼らの頭上に直接落とし、家も人もすべて破壊してしまう。

However, this is an extremity to which the prince is seldom driven, neither indeed is he willing to put it in execution;

be willing to (しようとする) [動] be ready, eager, or prepared to do something

put in execution (実行する) [動] carry out or perform

しかし、これは王がめったに追い込まれることのない極端な手段であり、実際にそれを実行しようとすることもない。

nor dare his ministers advise him to an action, which, as it would render them odious to the people, so it would be a great damage to their own estates, which lie all below, for the island is the king’s demesne.

demesne (領地) [名] land that is owned and occupied by the owner

大臣たちも、王にそのような行動を勧めることはできない。それは、彼らを国民に憎まれやすくするだけでなく、島は王の領地であるため、すべて下にある彼ら自身の領地にも大きな損害を与えることになるからである。

But there is still indeed a more weighty reason, why the kings of this country have been always averse from executing so terrible an action, unless upon the utmost necessity.

weighty (重大な) [形] having great importance or significance

averse (嫌がる) [形] having a strong feeling of opposition or dislike

execute (実行する) [動] carry out or put into effect

しかし、この国の王たちが、よほどの必要がない限り、このような恐ろしい行為を実行することを常に嫌ってきたのには、もっと重大な理由がある。

For if the town intended to be destroyed should have in it any tall rocks, as it generally falls out in the larger cities, a situation probably chosen at first with a view to prevent such a catastrophe;

should (仮に) [助] used to express a condition

fall out (落ちる) [動] move or come quickly from a higher to a lower level

view (観点) [名] a way of regarding situations or topics

catastrophe (大惨事) [名] an event causing great and often sudden damage or suffering

というのも、破壊しようとしている町に、大都市によくあるような高い岩があった場合、おそらく最初はそのような大惨事を防ぐために選ばれた場所であるからだ。

or if it abound in high spires or pillars of stone, a sudden fall might endanger the bottom or under surface of the island, which, although it consists, as I have said, of one entire adamant, two hundred yards thick, might happen to crack by too great a shock, or burst by approaching too near the fires from the houses below, as the backs, both of iron and stone, will often do in our chimneys.

entire (完全な) [形] whole; complete

crack (ひび) [名] a break or fissure in something

shock (衝撃) [名] a sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience

chimney (煙突) [名] a vertical pipe or shaft that carries smoke and combustion gases up from a fire or furnace and typically through the roof of a building

あるいは、高い尖塔や石の柱が多い場合、突然の落下で島の底や下面が危険にさらされる可能性がある。島は、私が言ったように、厚さ200ヤードの完全な金剛石でできているが、あまりにも大きな衝撃でひび割れたり、下の家からの火に近づきすぎて破裂したりすることがある。鉄と石の両方の背面が私たちの煙突でよく起こるように。

Of all this the people are well apprised, and understand how far to carry their obstinacy, where their liberty or property is concerned.

of all this (こうしたことを) [名] of all the things mentioned

be well apprised (よく理解している) [動] be well informed

how far (どこまで) [副] to what extent or degree

carry (振る舞う) [動] to take or convey from one place to another

obstinacy (頑固) [名] the quality of being unwilling to change one's opinion or to do what someone else wants

where (関わるところでは) [副] in the place that

国民はこうしたことをよく理解しており、自由や財産が関わるところでは、どこまで頑固に振る舞えばよいかを心得ている。

And the king, when he is highest provoked, and most determined to press a city to rubbish, orders the island to descend with great gentleness, out of a pretense of tenderness to his people, but indeed for fear of breaking the adamantine bottom;

highest (最も) [形] of the greatest degree or amount

provoked (激怒する) [動] cause to feel angry or annoyed

determined (決意する) [動] having made a firm decision about something

press (押しつぶす) [動] move into a position of contact with

pretense (装う) [名] an attempt to make something that is not the case appear true

breaking (壊す) [動] cause to separate into pieces as a result of impact or force

adamantine (金剛石) [名] a very hard substance

そして王は、最も激怒し、都市を瓦礫に押しつぶそうと決意したとき、国民への優しさを装って、しかし実際には金剛石の底を壊すのを恐れて、島を非常に優しく降下させるように命じる。

in which case, it is the opinion of all their philosophers, that the loadstone could no longer hold it up, and the whole mass would fall to the ground.

in which case (その場合) [副] in the situation that

hold up (支える) [動] support or give assistance to

mass (全体) [名] a large number of people or things considered as a whole

fall to the ground (地面に落ちる) [動] drop to the ground

その場合、磁石はもはやそれを支えきれず、全体が地面に落ちてしまうというのが、彼らの哲学者たちの意見である。

By a fundamental law of this realm, neither the king nor either of his two elder sons are permitted to leave the island;

fundamental law (基本法) [名] a law or rule that is essential to a system

この国の基本法により、王もその二人の息子も島を離れることは許されていない。

nor the queen, till she is past childbearing.

childbearing (出産可能年齢) [名] the age at which a woman is capable of having children

女王も出産可能年齢を過ぎるまでは島を離れることはできない。

CHAPTER IV

第四章

THE AUTHOR LEAVES LAPUTA—IS CONVEYED TO BALNIBARBI—ARRIVES AT THE METROPOLIS—A DESCRIPTION OF THE METROPOLIS AND THE COUNTRY ADJOINING—THE AUTHOR HOSPITABLY RECEIVED BY A GREAT LORD—HIS CONVERSATION WITH THAT LORD.

著者はラピュータを去るーバルニバービに運ばれるー首都に到着ー首都と隣接する国の説明ー著者は大貴族に手厚くもてなされるーその貴族との会話

Although I cannot say that I was ill-treated in this island, yet I must confess I thought myself too much neglected, not without some degree of contempt;

ill-treated (虐待された) [形] treated badly

too much (あまりにも) [副] to a very great degree

neglected (無視されている) [形] not receiving enough care or attention

some degree (ある程度) [名] a certain amount or extent

この島で虐待されたとは言えないが、それでも、ある程度の軽蔑を伴って、あまりにも無視されているように感じていたことは認めざるを得ない。

for neither prince nor people appeared to be curious in any part of knowledge, except mathematics and music, wherein I was far their inferior, and upon that account very little regarded.

inferior (劣っている) [形] of low standard or quality

very little (あまり) [副] not very much

regard (顧みる) [動] to think of or consider in a particular way

というのも、王侯も国民も、数学と音楽を除いて、知識のどの部分にも好奇心があるようには見えなかったからで、その点では私は彼らよりはるかに劣っており、その点ではあまり顧みられることがなかった。

On the other side, after having seen all the curiosities of the island, I was very desirous to leave it, being heartily weary of those people.

一方で、島の珍しいものをすべて見た後、私はこの島を離れたいと思い、この人々に心底うんざりしていた。

They were indeed excellent in two sciences for which I have great esteem, and wherein I am not unversed;

unversed (精通している) [形] not experienced or skilled in something

彼らは確かに私が高く評価し、私も精通している二つの科学に優れていた。

but at the same time so abstracted and involved in speculation that I never met with such disagreeable companions.

so (あまりにも) [副] to such a great extent

abstracted (抽象的な) [形] not concrete or specific

involved (耽る) [動] be concerned with or take part in

しかし同時に、あまりにも抽象的で思索に耽っていたので、私はこんな不愉快な仲間に会ったことがなかった。

I conversed only with women, tradesmen, flappers, and court pages, during two months of my abode there, by which at last I rendered myself extremely contemptible;

only (しか) [副] solely; merely

tradesman (商人) [名] a person engaged in trade or commerce

court page (宮廷小姓) [名] a young person serving a royal person

abode (滞在) [名] a place where one lives

私はそこに滞在した二ヶ月の間、女性、商人、フラッパー、宮廷小姓としか会話をしなかったため、ついに私は自分を非常に軽蔑するようになった。

yet these were the only people from whom I could ever receive a reasonable answer.

these (彼ら) [代] the people or things previously mentioned or easily identified

from whom (から) [前] used to indicate the source, cause, or origin of something

それでも、彼らだけが私に理にかなった答えを返してくれる人々だった。

I had obtained, by hard study, a good degree of knowledge in their language;

hard study (熱心に勉強する) [名] studying with a lot of effort

good degree (かなりの程度) [名] a high level or amount

私は熱心に勉強して、彼らの言語をかなりの程度まで習得していた。

I was weary of being confined to an island where I received so little countenance, and resolved to leave it with the first opportunity.

be weary of (うんざりする) [動] be tired of

be confined to (閉じ込められる) [動] be restricted to

私は、あまり歓迎されない島に閉じ込められていることにうんざりしていたし、最初の機会に島を去ろうと決心していた。

There was a great lord at court, nearly related to the king, and for that reason alone used with respect.

宮廷には王と近い血縁関係にある大貴族がいて、その理由だけで敬意を払われていた。

He was universally reckoned the most ignorant and stupid person among them.

universally (誰もが認める) [副] by everyone; in every case

reckon (認める) [動] be of the opinion that

stupid (愚かな) [形] lacking intelligence or common sense

彼は誰もが認める、彼らの中で最も無知で愚かな人物だった。

He had performed many eminent services for the crown, had great natural and acquired parts, adorned with integrity and honor;

eminent (功績) [形] standing out so as to be readily perceived or noted

acquire (後天的な才能) [動] come to have or possess, especially by one's own efforts

adorn (彩る) [動] be an attractive addition to

彼は王冠のために多くの功績を残し、誠実さと名誉に彩られた偉大な天賦の才と後天的な才能を持っていた。

but so ill an ear for music, that his detractors reported he had been often known to beat time in the wrong place;

beat time (拍子をとる) [動] to mark the rhythm of music by moving one's hand or foot

しかし、音楽の耳が悪く、彼を中傷する者たちは、彼が間違った場所で拍子をとることがよくあると報告していた。

neither could his tutors without extreme difficulty teach him to demonstrate the most easy proposition in mathematics.

extreme difficulty (非常に苦労する) [名] a very great amount of difficulty

demonstrate (証明する) [動] clearly show the existence or truth of (something) by giving proof or evidence

彼の家庭教師も、数学で最も簡単な命題を証明するのに非常に苦労した。

He was pleased to show me many marks of favor, often did me the honor of a visit, desired to be informed in the affairs of Europe, the laws and customs, the manners and learning of the several countries where I had traveled.

do the honor of (して下さる) [動] to do something that is considered to be a great honor

be informed (知りたい) [動] to be given information about something

彼は私に多くの好意を示し、しばしば私を訪問して下さり、ヨーロッパの情勢、法律や習慣、私が旅したいくつかの国の風習や学問について知りたいと思われた。

He listened to me with great attention, and made very wise observations on all I spoke.

listen (聞く) [動] to hear with thoughtful attention

great attention (熱心に) [名] a great deal of care or notice taken of someone or something

彼は私の話を熱心に聞いてくれ、私の話したことすべてについて非常に賢明な観察をしてくれた。

He had two flappers attending him for state, but never made use of them, except at court and in visits of ceremony;

彼には二人のフラッパーが付き添っていたが、宮廷や儀式の訪問以外には決して彼らを使わなかった。

and would always command them to withdraw when we were alone together.

そして、私たちが二人きりになると、いつも彼らに退出を命じていた。

I entreated this illustrious person to intercede in my behalf with his majesty for leave to depart;

illustrious (高名な) [形] well known and respected

intercede (取り次ぐ) [動] act as a mediator between

behalf (代理) [名] the interest of another person

私はこの高名な人物に、出発の許可を得るために陛下に取り次いでくれるよう懇願した。

which he accordingly did, as he was pleased to tell me, with regret;

regret (残念) [名] a feeling of sadness or disappointment

彼はそれに応じて、残念ながら私に喜んで教えてくれた。

for indeed he had made me several offers, very advantageous, which, however, I refused, with expressions of the highest acknowledgment.

for indeed (実際) [副] in fact; really

refuse (断る) [動] express unwillingness to accept

実際、彼は私に非常に有利な申し出を何度かしてくれていたが、私はそれを断り、最高の感謝の言葉を述べた。

On the 16th day of February I took leave of his majesty and the court.

on the 16th day of February (2月16日) [名] the 16th day of the month of February

take leave of (辞去する) [動] go away from a place

the court (宮廷) [名] the residence of a sovereign or other high-ranking person

2月16日、私は陛下と宮廷を辞去した。

The king made me a present to the value of about two hundred pounds English, and my protector his kinsman as much more, together with a letter of recommendation to a friend of his in Lagado, the metropolis;

make a present (贈り物をする) [動] give a gift

about two hundred pounds (約200ポンド) [名] a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces

protector (保護者) [名] someone who protects

kinsman (親戚) [名] a relative

as much more (同じくらいの額) [名] the same amount

letter of recommendation (推薦状) [名] a letter that recommends someone for a job or position

国王は私にイギリスの約200ポンドの価値のある贈り物をし、私の保護者である彼の親戚も同じくらいの額の贈り物をし、さらに首都ラガドの友人への推薦状をくれた。

the island being then hovering over a mountain about two miles from it, I was let down from the lowest gallery, in the same manner as I had been taken up.

島はその時、そこから約2マイル離れた山の上に浮かんでいたので、私は連れてこられた時と同じ方法で、一番下の回廊から降ろされた。

The continent, as far as it is subject to the monarch of the flying island, passes under the general name of Balnibarbi; and the metropolis, as I said before, is called Lagado.

subject to (支配下にある) [形] under the power or authority of

pass under (呼ばれる) [動] be known by

general name (総称) [名] a name that refers to all the members of a class or group

as I said before (前述の通り) [副] as I said earlier

be called (呼ばれている) [動] be known by

大陸は、空飛ぶ島の君主の支配下にある限り、バルニバルビという総称で呼ばれ、首都は前述の通りラガドと呼ばれている。

I felt some little satisfaction in finding myself on firm ground.

some little (少し) [形] a small amount of

firm (しっかりした) [形] strong or solid

地面がしっかりしていることに、私は少し満足感を覚えた。

I walked to the city without any concern, being clad like one of the natives, and sufficiently instructed to converse with them.

私は現地人のような服装をし、彼らと会話するのに十分な知識を身につけていたため、何の心配もなく街まで歩いて行った。

I soon found out the person’s house to whom I was recommended, presented my letter from his friend the grandee in the island, and was received with much kindness.

recommend (推薦する) [動] put forward or suggest as suitable for a particular purpose or role

letter (手紙) [名] a written message addressed to a person or organization and delivered by mail or hand

私はすぐに、私が推薦された人の家を見つけ、島にいる彼の友人である貴族からの手紙を差し出し、とても親切に迎えられた。

This great lord, whose name was Munodi, ordered me an apartment in his own house, where I continued during my stay, and was entertained in a most hospitable manner.

stay (滞在) [名] a temporary period of living somewhere

ムノディという名のこの偉大な領主は、私に自分の家の一室を用意してくれ、滞在中はそこに滞在し、とても手厚くもてなしてくれた。

The next morning after my arrival he took me in his chariot to see the town, which is about half the bigness of London, but the houses very strangely built, and most of them out of repair.

chariot (馬車) [名] a two-wheeled vehicle pulled by a horse

about half (半分ほど) [名] one of two equal parts

strangely (奇妙に) [副] in a strange manner

most (ほとんど) [限] the majority of

out of repair (修理されていない) [形] in need of repair

到着した翌朝、彼は私を馬車に乗せて町を案内してくれたが、その町はロンドンの半分ほどの大きさで、家々は非常に奇妙な造りになっていて、そのほとんどが修理されていなかった。

The people in the streets walked fast, looked wild, their eyes fixed, and were generally in rags.

look (見える) [動] seem or appear

wild (荒々しい) [形] not domesticated or cultivated

道行く人々は足早に歩き、目は据わり、ほとんどがぼろをまとって荒々しく見えた。

We passed through one of the town gates, and went about three miles into the country, where I saw many laborers working with several sorts of tools in the ground, but was not able to conjecture what they were about;

pass through (通り抜ける) [動] go through

town gate (町の門) [名] a gate in a town

about three miles (3マイルほど) [名] a unit of length equal to 5280 feet

tool (道具) [名] a device or implement, especially one held in the hand, used to carry out a particular function

be not able to (できなかった) [動] be unable to

私たちは町の門の1つを通り抜け、田舎へ3マイルほど進んだが、そこでは多くの労働者が地面でいろいろな道具を使って作業しているのが見えたが、彼らが何をしているのか推測することはできなかった。

neither did I observe any expectation either of corn or grass, although the soil appeared to be excellent.

土壌は素晴らしいように見えたが、トウモロコシや草の期待も見られなかった。

I could not forbear admiring at these odd appearances, both in town and country;

could not forbear (せずにはいられなかった) [動] be unable to refrain from doing something

admiring (驚嘆する) [動] regard with respect or warm approval

私は町でも田舎でも、これらの奇妙な光景に驚嘆せずにはいられなかった。

and I made bold to desire my conductor that he would be pleased to explain to me what could be meant by so many busy heads, hands, and faces, both in the streets and the fields, because I did not discover any good effects they produced;

conductor (案内人) [名] a person who directs or leads

busy (忙しい) [形] having a great deal to do

そして私は、道でも野原でも、これほど多くの忙しそうな頭や手や顔が何を意味するのか、私には彼らが何か良い効果を生み出しているとは思えなかったので、説明して欲しいと大胆に案内人に頼んだ。

but on the contrary, I never knew a soil so unhappily cultivated, houses so ill-contrived and so ruinous, or a people whose countenances and habit expressed so much misery and want.

unhappily (不幸に) [副] in an unfortunate manner

cultivate (耕す) [動] prepare and use land for growing crops

ill-contrived (不器用に作られた) [形] poorly planned or executed

ruinous (荒れ果てた) [形] in a state of decay, collapse, or destruction

misery (悲惨) [名] a state of great suffering or unhappiness

それどころか、これほど不幸に耕された土壌や、これほど不器用に作られ、荒れ果てた家々、あるいはこれほど悲惨で貧しい表情や習慣を持つ人々を見たことがなかった。

This Lord Munodi was a person of the first rank, and had been some years governor of Lagado; but by a cabal of ministers was discharged for insufficiency.

Lord Munodi (ムノディ卿) [名] a lord

first rank (一流) [名] the highest rank

some years (数年間) [名] a period of time

governor (知事) [名] the person appointed to govern a colony

insufficiency (不十分) [名] the state or condition of being insufficient

このムノディ卿は一流の人物で、数年間ラガドの知事を務めていたが、大臣たちの陰謀によって不十分を理由に解任された。

However, the king treated him with tenderness, as a well-meaning man, but of a low contemptible understanding.

well-meaning (善意の) [形] having or showing good intentions

しかし、王は彼を善意の人ではあるが、理解力が低く軽蔑すべき人物として、優しく扱った。

When I gave that free censure of the country and its inhabitants, he made no further answer than by telling me that I had not been long enough among them to form a judgment;

censure (批判) [名] an expression of disapproval

私がこの国とその住民を自由に批判したとき、彼は私が判断を下すに足る期間この国に滞在していないと言う以外に何も答えなかった。

and that the different nations of the world had different customs, with other common topics to the same purpose.

そして、世界の国々はそれぞれ異なる習慣を持っていることや、同じ目的のための他の共通の話題があることを教えてくれた。

But when we returned to his palace, he asked me how I liked the building, what absurdities I observed, and what quarrel I had with the dress and looks of his domestics.

しかし、私たちが彼の宮殿に戻ったとき、彼は私に建物がどうだったか、どんな不条理を観察したか、そして彼の使用人の服装や外見にどんな不満があるかを尋ねた。

This he might safely do, because everything about him was magnificent, regular, and polite.

彼の周りのすべてが壮大で、整然としていて、礼儀正しかったので、彼は安心してそうすることができた。

I answered that his excellency’s prudence, quality, and fortune had exempted him from those defects which folly and beggary had produced in others.

exempt (免除する) [動] free or release from an obligation or liability imposed on others

beggary (乞食) [名] the condition of being a beggar

私は、閣下の思慮深さ、資質、そして幸運が、愚かさと乞食が他の人にもたらした欠陥から彼を免除したと答えた。

He said if I would go with him to his country house, about twenty miles distant, where his estate lay, there would be more leisure for this kind of conversation.

country house (田舎の家) [名] a house in the country

about twenty miles (約20マイル) [名] a unit of length equal to 1.609344 kilometers

leisure (余裕) [名] time when you are not working or doing other duties

彼は、もし私が彼と一緒に約20マイル離れた彼の田舎の家に行けば、このような会話をする余裕がもっとあるだろうと言った。

I told his excellency that I was entirely at his disposal, and accordingly we set out next morning.

entirely (完全に) [副] completely

私は閣下に、私は完全に彼の自由に任せると伝え、それに従って私たちは翌朝出発した。

During our journey he made me observe the several methods used by farmers in managing their lands, which to me were wholly unaccountable;

unaccountable (理解できない) [形] unable to be explained or accounted for

旅の間、彼は農民が土地を管理するのに用いるいくつかの方法を私に観察させたが、私には全く理解できなかった。

for, except in some very few places, I could not discover one ear of corn or blade of grass.

very few (ごくわずかな) [限] a very small number of

blade (葉) [名] the flat, thin, green part of a plant that grows from the stem

というのも、ごくわずかな場所を除いて、私はとうもろこしの穂や草の葉一枚も見つけることができなかったからだ。

But, in three hours’ traveling, the scene was wholly altered;

しかし、三時間の旅で、景色はすっかり変わった。

we came into a most beautiful country;

私たちは最も美しい国に入った。

farmers’ houses at small distances, neatly built;

small distance (少し離れたところ) [名] a short distance

neatly (きちんと) [副] in a neat and tidy way

農家の家が少し離れたところにきちんと建っていた。

the fields enclosed, containing vineyards, corn-grounds and meadows.

enclose (囲む) [動] surround on all sides

vineyard (ブドウ畑) [名] a plantation where grapes are grown for wine

corn-ground (トウモロコシ畑) [名] a field where corn is grown

囲まれた畑には、ブドウ畑、トウモロコシ畑、牧草地があった。

Neither do I remember to have seen a more delightful prospect.

neither (~もない) [接] not either; also not

have seen (見たことがある) [動] have experienced or encountered

delightful (楽しい) [形] giving great pleasure; delightful

もっと楽しい見通しを見た記憶もない。

His excellency observed my countenance to clear up;

大臣は私の顔が晴れやかになるのを見て、

he told me with a sigh that there his estate began, and would continue the same till we should come to his house;

sigh (ため息) [名] a long, deep, audible breath that expresses sadness, tiredness, relief, etc.

彼はため息をつきながら、あそこが自分の領地の始まりで、私たちが彼の家に来るまでずっと続くと言った。

that his countrymen ridiculed and despised him for managing his affairs no better, and for setting so ill an example to the kingdom, which however was followed by very few, such as were old and willful and weak, like himself.

countryman (同胞) [名] a person from one's own country

ridicule (嘲笑する) [動] make fun of

manage (処理する) [動] be in charge of

no better (うまくできない) [副] not any better

set an example (手本を示す) [動] be a good or bad example of something

few (少数の) [形] not many

willful (意地っ張りの) [形] determined to do what one wants

彼の同胞は、彼が自分の事柄をうまく処理できず、王国に悪い手本を示したとして彼を嘲笑し、軽蔑したが、彼のように年老いて意地っ張りで弱い者など、ごく少数の者しか従わなかった。

We came at length to the house, which was indeed a noble structure, built according to the best rules of ancient architecture.

structure (建物) [名] something made of parts that are put together in a certain way

architecture (建築) [名] the art or practice of designing and constructing buildings

私たちはようやくその家に着いたが、それは確かに古代建築の最高の規則に従って建てられた立派な建物だった。

The fountains, gardens, walks, avenues, and groves, were all disposed with exact judgment and taste.

walk (散歩道) [名] a journey on foot

avenue (並木道) [名] a broad road with trees on both sides

grove (木立) [名] a small group of trees

dispose (配置する) [動] to place or arrange in a particular way

taste (趣味) [名] the ability to discern what is of good quality or of a high aesthetic standard

噴水、庭園、散歩道、並木道、木立など、すべてが正確な判断と趣味で配置されていた。

I gave due praises to everything I saw, whereof his excellency took not the least notice till after supper;

give due praise (適切に褒める) [動] give the praise that is deserved

私は目に映るものすべてを適切に褒めたが、閣下は夕食後までそのことには全く気づかなかった。

when, there being no third companion, he told me with a melancholy air, that he doubted he must throw down his houses in town and country, to rebuild them after the present mode, destroy all his plantations, and cast others in such a form as modern usage required, and give the same directions to all his tenants, unless he would submit to incur the censure of pride, singularity, affectation, ignorance, caprice, and perhaps increase his majesty’s displeasure.

throw down (壊す) [動] to knock down or demolish

rebuild (建て直す) [動] to build again

cast (造る) [動] to make or form by pouring a molten or liquid substance into a mold

tenant (小作人) [名] a person who occupies land or property rented from a landlord

submit (受ける) [動] to yield to the authority or control of another

incur (受ける) [動] to bring upon oneself

singularity (特異性) [名] the state or quality of being singular

affectation (気取り) [名] a pretentious display of manners or sentiments

三人目の仲間がいないときに、彼は憂鬱な様子で私に言ったのだが、彼は町や田舎の家を壊して、現在の様式に従って建て直し、すべての農園を破壊し、現代の用法に必要な形で他の農園を造り、すべての小作人に同じ指示を与えなければならないのではないかと疑っている、さもなければ、彼は傲慢、特異性、気取り、無知、気まぐれ、そしておそらく陛下の不興を買うという非難を受けるだろう。

That the admiration I appeared to be under would cease or diminish when he had informed me of some particulars which probably I never heard of at court, the people there being too much taken up in their own speculations, to have regard to what passed here below.

appear (抱いていると思われる) [動] seem to be

diminish (薄れる) [動] make or become less

regard (注意を払う) [動] consider or think of in a specified way

私が抱いていると思われる賞賛は、私が宮廷では聞いたことがないような詳細を彼が教えてくれたら、消え去るか、あるいは薄れるだろう、宮廷の人々は、自分たちの思索にあまりにも夢中になっていて、この下で起こっていることに注意を払っていない。

The sum of his discourse was to this effect:

彼の話の要約は次のような内容だった。

That about forty years ago, certain persons went up to Laputa, either upon business or diversion, and after five months’ continuance, came back with a very little smattering in mathematics, but full of volatile spirits acquired in that airy region.

about forty years ago (約40年前) [名] approximately 40 years before the present time

certain persons (ある人々) [名] some people

go up to (上る) [動] move to a higher place

either upon business or diversion (仕事か気晴らしのために) [名] for either work or entertainment

five months' continuance (5ヶ月滞在) [名] a stay of five months

very little smattering (ほとんどなかった) [名] a very small amount of knowledge

volatile spirits (揮発性の気分) [名] a mood that is easily changed

that airy region (あの空気の澄んだ地方) [名] that region with clean air

約40年前、ある人々が仕事か気晴らしのためにラピュータに上り、5ヶ月滞在した後、数学の知識はほとんどなかったが、あの空気の澄んだ地方で身につけた揮発性の気分に満ちて帰ってきた。

That these persons upon their return began to dislike the management of everything below, and fell into schemes of putting all arts, sciences, languages, and mechanics upon a new foot.

dislike (嫌う) [動] not like

everything (あらゆる) [名] all things

mechanic (機械) [名] a person who repairs and maintains machines

帰国した彼らは、下界でのあらゆる管理を嫌い始め、あらゆる芸術、科学、言語、機械を新しい足場に置く計画に陥った。

To this end they procured a royal patent for erecting an academy of projectors in Lagado; and the humor prevailed so strongly among the people, that there is not a town of any consequence in the kingdom without such an academy.

to this end (この目的のために) [副] for this purpose

procure (取得する) [動] obtain by care, effort, or the use of special means

royal patent (王室特許) [名] a right or privilege granted by a monarch

academy (アカデミー) [名] an institution of higher learning

projector (投影機) [名] an optical instrument that projects an image onto a surface

prevail (広まる) [動] be widespread or current

この目的のために、彼らはラガドに投影機のアカデミーを建設するための王室特許を取得し、そのユーモアは人々の間で非常に強く広まり、王国にはそのようなアカデミーのない重要な町は一つもない。

In these colleges the professors contrive new rules and methods of agriculture and building, and new instruments and tools for all trades and manufactures;

in these colleges (これらの大学では) [前] in these colleges

building (建築) [名] the art or practice of designing and constructing buildings

これらの大学では、教授たちが農業や建築の新しいルールや方法、あらゆる貿易や製造業のための新しい道具や工具を考案している。

whereby, as they undertake, one man shall do the work of ten;

それによって、彼らが引き受けるように、一人の男が十人分の仕事をすることになる。

a palace may be built in a week, of materials so durable as to last forever without repairing;

be built (建てられる) [動] be constructed

durable (耐久性のある) [形] able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage

宮殿は1週間で建てることができ、修理しなくても永遠に続くほど耐久性のある材料でできている。

all the fruits of the earth shall come to maturity at whatever season we think fit to choose, and increase a hundredfold more than they do at present, with innumerable other happy proposals.

maturity (成熟) [名] the state of being fully developed

season (季節) [名] one of the four periods of the year (spring, summer, autumn, and winter)

hundredfold (100倍) [形] by a factor of one hundred

present (現在) [名] the time that is happening now

innumerable (無数の) [形] too many to be counted

地球上のすべての果実は、私たちが選ぶのに適当と思う季節に成熟し、現在よりも100倍も増え、無数の他の幸せな提案がある。

The only inconvenience is, that none of these projects are yet brought to perfection;

yet (まだ) [副] up to the present time; so far

bring to perfection (完成する) [動] make perfect

唯一の不便な点は、これらのプロジェクトのどれもまだ完成していないことである。

and in the meantime, the whole country lies miserably waste, the houses in ruins, and the people without food or clothes.

miserably (惨めなまでに) [副] in a very unhappy or uncomfortable way

waste (荒れ果てる) [動] use or expend carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose

その間に国全体が惨めなまでに荒れ果て、家々は廃墟となり、人々は食料も衣服もない状態になっている。

By all which, instead of being discouraged, they are fifty times more violently bent upon prosecuting their schemes, driven equally on by hope and despair;

by all which (これらすべてによって) [副] by all of which

instead of (どころか) [副] rather than

being discouraged (落胆する) [動] lose confidence or hope

fifty times (50倍) [副] fifty multiplied by

more violently (激しく) [副] in a violent manner

prosecuting (遂行する) [動] follow or carry out a plan, policy, or course of action

これらすべてによって、彼らは落胆するどころか、希望と絶望に等しく駆り立てられて、自分たちの計画を遂行することに50倍も激しく傾倒している。

that as for himself, being not of an enterprising spirit, he was content to go on in the old forms, to live in the houses his ancestors had built, and act as they did in every part of life without innovation;

enterprising (進取の気性に富んだ) [形] having or showing initiative and willingness to undertake new projects

be content to (~することに満足している) [動] be happy with

form (形式) [名] the way that something is done or organized

act (行動する) [動] do something

innovation (革新) [名] the introduction of something new

自分は進取の気性に富んでいないので、古い形式を守り、先祖が建てた家に住み、生活のあらゆる面で革新をせずに先祖と同じように行動することに満足している。

that some few other persons of quality and gentry had done the same, but were looked on with an eye of contempt and ill will, as enemies to art, ignorant, and ill commonwealthsmen, preferring their own ease and sloth before the general improvement of their country.

some few (少数の) [形] a small number of

gentry (紳士階級) [名] well-born and well-bred people

do the same (同じことをする) [動] do the same thing

look on (見られる) [動] regard or consider in a specified way

ill will (悪意) [名] unkind or hostile feeling

commonwealthsmen (共和国の悪人) [名] a person who lives in a commonwealth

ease (安楽) [名] freedom from pain, worry, or difficulty

sloth (怠惰) [名] reluctance to work or make an effort; laziness

general improvement (全体の改善) [名] the act of improving something

他の少数の上流階級や紳士階級の人々も同じことをしたが、芸術の敵であり、無知で、国全体の改善よりも自分の安楽と怠惰を優先する、共和国の悪人として、軽蔑と悪意の目で見られている。

His lordship added that he would not by any further particulars prevent the pleasure I should certainly take in viewing the grand academy, whither he was resolved I should go.

lordship (閣下) [名] a title used to address a lord

take (感じる) [動] experience

grand (大学院) [形] large and impressive

academy (大学院) [名] a place of higher learning

彼はまた、私が大学院を見学する際には、私が必ずや喜びを感じるだろうから、それ以上の詳細を述べてその喜びを妨げることはしない、と付け加えた。

He only desired me to observe a ruined building upon the side of a mountain about three miles distant, of which he gave me this account.

ruined (廃墟となった) [形] in a state of decay, collapse, or destruction

彼はただ、約3マイル離れた山の側にある廃墟となった建物を見てほしいと私に望んだだけで、その建物について次のような説明をしてくれた。

That he had a very convenient mill within half a mile of his house, turned by a current from a large river, and sufficient for his own family as well as a great number of his tenants;

mill (水車小屋) [名] a building with a water wheel that is used to grind grain into flour

turn (回る) [動] move around an axis or center

current (流れ) [名] a continuous flow of water in a particular direction

彼は家から半マイル以内に、大きな川の流れを利用して回る非常に便利な水車小屋を持っていて、自分の家族だけでなく、多数の小作人にも十分な量の粉を挽くことができる。

that about seven years ago a club of these projectors came to him with proposals to destroy this mill, and build another on the side of that mountain, on the long ridge whereof a long canal must be cut for a repository of water, to be conveyed up by pipes and engines to supply the mill;

about seven years ago (約7年前) [名] seven years before the present time

club (一団) [名] an association of people with a shared interest

projector (計画者) [名] a person who plans something

canal (運河) [名] an artificial waterway

repository (貯蔵所) [名] a place where something is stored

convey (運び上げる) [動] transport or carry

pipe (パイプ) [名] a tube of metal, plastic, or other material used to convey liquids, gases, or other substances

約7年前、これらの計画者の一団が彼のところにやって来て、この水車小屋を破壊し、あの山の側に別の水車小屋を建設するという提案をしてきた。その長い尾根には、水を貯めるために長い運河を掘り、水車小屋に供給するためにパイプやエンジンで水を運び上げなければならない。

because the wind and air upon a height agitated the water, and thereby made it fitter for motion;

agitate (揺さぶる) [動] move or cause to move up and down or from side to side

高所の風と空気が水を揺さぶり、それによって水が運動に適したものになるからである。

and because the water, descending a declivity, would turn the mill with half the current of a river whose course is more upon a level.

mill (水車) [名] a machine for grinding grain into flour

course (流路) [名] the path along which something moves

level (平地) [名] a flat and even surface

そして、水は傾斜を下って流れるので、平地を流れる川の半分の流れで水車を回すことができる。

He said that being then not very well with the court, and pressed by many of his friends, he complied with the proposal;

not very well (あまりうまくいっていない) [副] not in a good way

press (せかす) [動] urge or force to do something

comply with (応じる) [動] act in accordance with

彼は、当時は宮廷とあまりうまくいっていなかったし、多くの友人にせかされたので、その提案に応じたと言った。

and after employing a hundred men for two years, the work miscarried, the projectors went off, laying the blame entirely upon him, railing at him ever since, and putting others upon the same experiment, with equal assurance of success, as well as equal disappointment.

miscarry (失敗する) [動] fail to achieve the desired outcome

go off (なすりつける) [動] leave or depart

blame (責任) [名] responsibility for a fault or wrong

railing (非難) [名] a barrier made of rails

assurance (保証) [名] a promise or guarantee

disappointment (失望) [名] the feeling of sadness or displeasure caused by the nonfulfillment of one's hopes or expectations

そして、百人の人間を二年間雇った後、仕事は失敗し、計画者たちは彼に責任をなすりつけ、それ以来彼を非難し、他の人にも同じ実験をさせ、成功を保証するとともに、失望も同じだった。

In a few days we came back to town;

数日後、私たちは町に戻った。

and his excellency, considering the bad character he had in the academy, would not go with me himself, but recommended me to a friend of his to bear me company thither.

bad character (評判が悪い) [名] a person who is not good

bear (連れて行く) [動] carry or take

大臣は、アカデミーでの自分の評判が悪いことを考慮して、私と一緒に行くことはせず、私を友人に推薦して、そこまで連れて行ってもらうことにした。

My lord was pleased to represent me as a great admirer of projects, and a person of much curiosity and easy belief;

be pleased to (喜んで) [動] be happy to

represent (紹介する) [動] to act on behalf of

great admirer (熱心な賛美者) [名] a person who greatly admires someone or something

much curiosity (好奇心旺盛) [名] a strong desire to know or learn something

easy belief (信じやすい) [名] a tendency to believe things easily

大臣は私を計画の熱心な賛美者であり、好奇心旺盛で信じやすい人間だと紹介してくれた。

which indeed was not without truth, for I had myself been a sort of projector in my younger days.

without truth (真実ではない) [名] the opposite of a lie

younger days (若い頃) [名] the time when one is young

実際、私自身も若い頃には一種の計画者だったので、真実ではなかった。

CHAPTER V

第五章

THE AUTHOR PERMITTED TO SEE THE GRAND ACADEMY OF LAGADO—THE ACADEMY LARGELY DESCRIBED—THE ARTS WHEREIN THE PROFESSORS EMPLOY THEMSELVES.

Grand Academy (大学院) [名] a place of higher education

described (記述) [動] give an account of

Arts (芸術) [名] the various branches of creative activity

professors (教授) [名] a teacher of the highest rank in a college or university

著者はラガドの大学院を見学することを許される—アカデミーの概要—教授たちが従事する芸術。

This academy is not an entire single building, but a continuation of several houses on both sides of a street which, growing waste, was purchased and applied to that use.

continuation (続いているもの) [名] the state of continuing

growing waste (廃墟となっていたもの) [名] something that is no longer wanted or needed

purchase (買い取る) [動] buy

apply (充てる) [動] make use of for a particular purpose

このアカデミーは単一の建物ではなく、通りの両側にあるいくつかの家が続いているもので、廃墟となっていたものを買い取って、その用途に充てている。

I was received very kindly by the warden, and went for many days to the academy.

kindly (親切に) [副] in a friendly or generous way

warden (監視員) [名] a person who is in charge of a prison

many days (何日も) [名] a long period of time

私は監視員にとても親切に迎えられ、何日もアカデミーに通った。

Every room has in it one or more projectors;

projector (研究者) [名] a person who plans or devises a project

どの部屋にも一人以上の研究者がいて、

and I believe I could not be in fewer than five hundred rooms.

fewer than (少なくとも) [副] not more than

私が入った部屋は五百室はあったと思う。

The first man I saw was of a meager aspect, with sooty hands and face, his hair and beard long, ragged, and singed in several places.

meager (やせ細った) [形] lacking in quality or quantity

aspect (顔つき) [名] the way in which someone or something appears or is perceived

sooty (煤だらけ) [形] covered with soot

ragged (ぼろぼろ) [形] old and torn

singe (焦げる) [動] burn or be burned slightly

最初に目にした男は、やせ細った顔つきで、手と顔は煤だらけで、髪と髭は長く、ぼろぼろで、何カ所も焦げていた。

His clothes, shirt, and skin were all of the same color.

彼の服、シャツ、肌はすべて同じ色だった。

He had been eight years upon a project for extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers, which were to be put into phials hermetically sealed, and let out to warm the air in raw inclement summers.

eight years (八年間) [名] a period of eight years

project (研究) [名] a planned piece of work

extract (抽出する) [動] to remove or take out

sunbeam (太陽光線) [名] a ray of sunlight

cucumber (キュウリ) [名] a long green vegetable

phial (小瓶) [名] a small glass bottle

hermetically (密閉した) [形] sealed so as to be airtight

seal (密閉する) [動] to close or fasten securely

let out (放出する) [動] to allow to escape or be released

raw (冷涼な) [形] uncooked

彼は八年間、キュウリから太陽光線を抽出する研究をしており、それを密閉した小瓶に入れて、夏の冷涼な空気を暖めるために放出する予定だった。

He told me, he did not doubt in eight years more he should be able to supply the governor’s gardens with sunshine at a reasonable rate;

sunshine (日光) [名] direct sunlight unbroken by cloud, especially over a comparatively large area

彼は、あと八年もすれば、総督の庭に日光を適正な価格で供給できるだろうと私に言った。

but he complained that his stock was low, and entreated me to give him something as an encouragement to ingenuity, especially since this had been a very dear season for cucumbers.

stock (資金) [名] the capital of a business

low (不足している) [形] not high or tall

しかし、彼は資金が不足していると不満を漏らし、特に今年はキュウリが非常に高価な季節だったので、工夫を奨励するために何かを寄付してくれと私に懇願した。

I made him a small present, for my lord had furnished me with money on purpose, because he knew their practice of begging from all who go to see them.

furnish (与える) [動] provide

visitor (訪問者) [名] a person who visits a place

私は彼にささやかな贈り物をしたが、それは彼らが訪問者全員に物乞いをすることを知っていた主人が、わざわざ私にお金を与えてくれたからだった。

I saw one at work to calcine ice into gunpowder, who likewise showed me a treatise he had written concerning the malleability of fire, which he intended to publish.

at work (働いている) [動] be engaged in one's job

calcine (焼く) [動] heat to a high temperature without melting

gunpowder (火薬) [名] an explosive consisting of a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur

malleability (可鍛性) [名] the property of being able to be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking

氷を焼いて火薬にしようとしている人を見かけたが、彼もまた、火の可鍛性について書いた論文を見せてくれたが、それは出版するつもりだった。

There was a most ingenious architect who had contrived a new method for building houses, by beginning at the roof and working downwards to the foundation;

architect (建築家) [名] a person who designs buildings

building (建てる) [動] construct

foundation (土台) [名] the lowest and supporting layer of a building or other structure

屋根から始めて土台に向かって下に向かって作業するという、家を建てる新しい方法を考案した、最も独創的な建築家がいた。

which he justified to me by the like practice of those two prudent insects the bee and the spider.

彼は、ハチとクモという二つの賢い昆虫の同じような習性によって、それを正当化した。

There was a man born blind, who had several apprentices in his own condition;

born blind (生まれつき盲目) [形] blind from birth

生まれつき盲目の男がいて、彼と同じ境遇の弟子を何人か抱えていた。

their employment was to mix colors for painters, which their master taught them to distinguish by feeling and smelling.

mix (混ぜる) [動] combine or blend together

painter (画家) [名] a person who paints

master (師匠) [名] a skilled practitioner of a particular art or activity

彼らの仕事は画家のために色を混ぜることだったが、師匠は触ったり嗅いだりして区別できるように教えていた。

It was indeed my misfortune to find them at that time not very perfect in their lessons, and the professor himself happened to be generally mistaken.

not very perfect (あまり完全でない) [形] not very good

lesson (学習) [名] a period of time during which a student is taught a particular subject

mistaken (間違っている) [形] wrong in one's opinion or judgment

その時彼らの学習があまり完全でなかったことを知ったのは、確かに私の不幸だったし、教授自身も概して間違っていた。

This artist is much encouraged and esteemed by the whole fraternity.

この芸術家は、同胞団全体から大いに励まされ、尊敬されている。

In another apartment, I was highly pleased with a projector who had found a device of ploughing the ground with hogs, to save the charges of ploughs, cattle, and labor.

projector (発明家) [名] a person who invents or designs something

device (装置) [名] a thing made or adapted for a particular purpose

plough (耕す) [動] turn up the soil with a plough

save (節約する) [動] keep and store up

plough (鋤) [名] a large farming tool with sharp blades used for breaking up soil

別の部屋では、鋤、牛、労働の費用を節約するために、豚で地面を耕す装置を発明した発明家に大いに感心した。

The method is this: In an acre of ground you bury at six inches’ distance, and eight deep, a quantity of acorns, dates, chestnuts, and other mast or vegetables whereof these animals are fondest;

acorn (ドングリ) [名] the fruit of an oak tree

date (ナツメヤシ) [名] the fruit of the date palm

chestnut (栗) [名] a tree that produces edible nuts

その方法はこうだ。一エーカーの土地に、六インチの間隔で、八インチの深さに、これらの動物が最も好むドングリ、ナツメヤシ、栗、その他のマストや野菜を埋める。

then you drive six hundred or more of them into the field, where in a few days they will root up the whole ground in search of their food, and make it fit for sowing, at the same time manuring it with their dung;

food (餌) [名] any substance that provides essential nutrients

fit (適した) [形] in good health

sowing (種まき) [名] the action of planting seeds

manure (肥料) [名] animal dung used for fertilizing land

それから、六百頭以上を畑に追い込むと、数日のうちに餌を探して地面を掘り起こし、種まきに適した状態にするとともに、糞で肥料を与えてくれる。

it is true upon experiment they found the charge and trouble very great, and they had little or no crop.

crop (収穫量) [名] the total amount of a crop produced

実験の結果、彼らは費用と手間が非常に大きく、収穫量がほとんどなかったことがわかった。

However, it is not doubted that this invention may be capable of great improvement.

be capable of (可能性がある) [動] have the ability or quality necessary to do or achieve something

しかし、この発明が大幅に改善される可能性があることは疑いない。

I went into another room, where the walls and ceiling were all hung round with cobwebs, except a narrow passage for the artist to go in and out.

go into (入る) [動] move or travel into

cobweb (クモの巣) [名] a web spun by a spider

私は別の部屋に入ったが、そこは壁も天井も、芸術家が出入りする狭い通路を除いて、すべてクモの巣が張り巡らされていた。

At my entrance, he called aloud to me not to disturb his webs.

entrance (入口) [名] an opening allowing access and vision

web (クモの巣) [名] a network of fine silken threads constructed by a spider to catch its prey

私が入ると、彼はクモの巣を乱さないようにと大声で呼びかけた。

He lamented the fatal mistake the world had been so long in of using silkworms, while he had such plenty of domestic insects who infinitely excelled the former, because they understood how to weave as well as spin.

silkworm (カイコ) [名] the larva of the silk moth

while (一方で) [接] at the same time that

domestic (家畜の) [形] of or relating to the home or family

weave (織る) [動] make by interlacing strands of fabric

spin (紡ぐ) [動] make thread or yarn from fiber

彼は、世界が長い間カイコを使ってきた致命的な間違いを嘆いていたが、彼はカイコよりもはるかに優れた家畜の昆虫をたくさん飼っていた。

And he proposed further, that by employing spiders, the charge of dyeing silks should be wholly saved;

dye (染める) [動] change the color of something

そして彼はさらに、クモを雇うことで、絹を染める費用を完全に節約できると提案した。

whereof I was fully convinced when he showed me a vast number of flies most beautifully colored, wherewith he fed his spiders, assuring us that the webs would take a tincture from them;

whereof (そのこと) [代] of what or of which

beautifully (美しい) [副] in a way that is pleasing to the eye or the ear

take (得る) [動] come to have or hold in one's possession

彼が私に、クモに餌として与えている、とても美しい色をしたハエをたくさん見せてくれた時、私はそのことを確信した。

and as he had them of all hues, he hoped to fit everybody’s fancy, as soon as he could find proper food for the flies, of certain gums, oils, and other glutinous matter, to give a strength and consistence to the threads.

hue (色合い) [名] a particular shade or tint of a color

fit (合う) [動] be of the right shape and size

fancy (好む) [名] a liking for something

as soon as (できるだけ早く) [接] immediately after

proper (適した) [形] suitable or appropriate

consistence (粘り) [名] the quality of being consistent

そして、彼はあらゆる色合いのハエを飼っていたので、糸に強度と粘りを与えるために、ハエに適した特定のゴム、油、その他の粘着性のある物質を見つけることができれば、誰もが好むようにできると期待していた。

There was an astronomer who had undertaken to place a sundial upon the great weathercock on the townhouse, by adjusting the annual and diurnal motions of the earth and sun, so as to answer and coincide with all accidental turnings by the wind.

place (設置する) [動] put something in a particular position

sundial (日時計) [名] a device that tells the time by the position of the sun

townhouse (市庁舎) [名] a house in a town

weathercock (風見鶏) [名] a weathervane in the shape of a rooster

annual (年周) [形] happening once a year

diurnal (日周) [形] happening once a day

answer (応じる) [動] reply to a question or statement

coincide (一致する) [動] occur at the same time

accidental (偶然の) [形] happening by chance

turning (回転) [名] the action of moving in a circular motion

ある天文学者は、地球と太陽の年周運動と日周運動を調整して、風によるあらゆる偶然の回転に応じて一致するように、市庁舎の大きな風見鶏に日時計を設置することを引き受けていた。

I visited many other apartments, but shall not trouble my reader with all the curiosities I observed, being studious of brevity.

visit (訪れる) [動] go to see a person or place

brevity (簡潔さ) [名] shortness of duration

私は他の多くの部屋を訪れたが、簡潔さを心がけているので、私が観察したすべての珍品について読者を煩わせることはしない。

I had hitherto seen only one side of the academy, the other being appropriated to the advancers of speculative learning, of whom I shall say something when I have mentioned one illustrious person more, who is called among them “the universal artist.”

be appropriated to (充てられる) [動] be used for a particular purpose

speculative learning (思索的学問) [名] learning that is based on speculation or conjecture

advancer (推進者) [名] a person who helps to develop or improve something

私はこれまでアカデミーの片側しか見ていなかったが、もう片側は思索的学問の推進者に充てられており、その中で「万能芸術家」と呼ばれている著名な人物をもう一人挙げたところで、彼らについて少し述べよう。

He told us he had been thirty years employing his thoughts for the improvement of human life.

thirty years (三十年) [名] a period of three decades

彼は、人間の生活の改善のために三十年も思考を費やしてきたと語った。

He had two large rooms full of wonderful curiosities, and fifty men at work.

at work (働く) [動] be engaged in physical or mental activity in order to achieve a purpose of result

彼は二つの大きな部屋に素晴らしい珍品をいっぱいに詰め込み、五十人の男を働かせていた。

Some were condensing air into a dry tangible substance, by extracting the niter, and letting the aqueous or fluid particles percolate;

condense (凝縮する) [動] make denser or more compact

tangible (有形の) [形] perceptible by touch

niter (硝石) [名] a white crystalline compound that is a mineral form of potassium nitrate

aqueous (水分の) [形] relating to, containing, or dissolved in water

fluid (液体の) [形] having particles that easily flow past one another

particle (粒子) [名] a minute portion of matter

percolate (浸透する) [動] cause (a liquid) to pass slowly through a filter or porous substance

ある者は、硝石を抽出し、水分や液体の粒子を浸透させることで、空気を乾燥した有形の物質に凝縮していた。

others softening marble for pillows and pincushions;

soften (柔らかくする) [動] make or become less hard, firm, or rigid

pillow (枕) [名] a cushion for the head, usually used when sleeping

pincushion (針刺し) [名] a small cushion into which pins are stuck for ready use

他の者は、枕や針刺し用の大理石を柔らかくしていた。

others petrifying the hoofs of a living horse to preserve them from foundering.

petrify (石化する) [動] turn into stone

founder (沈没する) [動] sink below the surface of the water

他の者は、生きている馬のひづめを石化して、沈没しないようにしていた。

The artist himself was at that time busy upon two great designs;

芸術家自身は、その時二つの大きな設計に忙しかった。

the first to sow land with chaff, wherein he affirmed the true seminal virtue to be contained, as he demonstrated by several experiments which I was not skillful enough to comprehend.

sow (播種する) [動] plant (seed) by scattering it on or in the earth

chaff (籾殻) [名] the husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing

seminal (種子の) [形] strongly influencing later developments

一つは、籾殻を播種することであり、彼は、私が理解できるほど熟練していなかったいくつかの実験で実証したように、真の種子の美徳が含まれていると断言した。

The other was, by a certain composition of gums, minerals, and vegetables, outwardly applied, to prevent the growth of wool upon two young lambs;

the other (もう一つ) [名] the remaining item of two

gum (ガム) [名] a sticky substance produced by some trees and shrubs

outwardly (外側に) [副] on or from the outside

もう一つは、ガム、鉱物、野菜の特定の組成物によって、外側に塗布して、二頭の子羊の羊毛の成長を防ぐことだった。

and he hoped in a reasonable time to propagate the breed of naked sheep all over the kingdom.

reasonable (適当な) [形] fair and just

そして、彼は、適当な時期に、王国全体に毛のない羊の繁殖を広めることを望んでいた。

We crossed a walk to the other part of the academy, where, as I have already said, the projector in speculative learning resided.

cross (渡る) [動] go or move across

私たちは、アカデミーの別の部分まで歩いて渡り、そこでは、すでに述べたように、投機的学習の映写機が置かれていた。

The first professor I saw was in a very large room, with forty pupils about him.

pupil (生徒) [名] a person who is enrolled in a school or other place of learning

私が最初に会った教授は、とても大きな部屋にいて、周りには40人の生徒がいた。

After salutation, observing me to look earnestly upon a frame, which took up the greatest part of both the length and breadth of the room, he said perhaps I might wonder to see him employed in a project for improving speculative knowledge by practical and mechanical operations.

salutation (挨拶) [名] a greeting

take up (占める) [動] occupy

employed (従事している) [動] have a job

project (プロジェクト) [名] a planned undertaking

improve (向上させる) [動] make or become better

speculative (投機的) [形] involving a high risk of loss

mechanical (機械的) [形] done as if by a machine; lacking in spontaneity or originality

operation (操作) [名] the action of operating something

挨拶の後、私が部屋の長さと幅の両方の大部分を占める額縁を熱心に眺めているのを見て、彼は、私が彼が実践的かつ機械的な操作によって投機的知識を向上させるプロジェクトに従事しているのを見て驚くかもしれないと言った。

But the world would soon be sensible of its usefulness, and he flattered himself that a more noble exalted thought never sprang in any other man’s head.

usefulness (有用性) [名] the quality of being useful

しかし、世界はすぐにその有用性を理解するだろうし、彼は、これ以上高貴で高尚な考えが他の人の頭に浮かんだことはないだろうと自負していた。

Every one knew how laborious the usual method is of attaining to arts and sciences;

every one (誰もが) [名] each person

attain (習得する) [動] reach or achieve a goal

誰もが芸術や科学を習得する通常の方法がどれほど骨の折れることかを知っていた。

whereas by his contrivance the most ignorant person, at a reasonable charge, and with a little bodily labor, may write books in philosophy, poetry, politics, law, mathematics, and theology, without the least assistance from genius or study.

bodily (肉体的な) [形] of or relating to the body

theology (神学) [名] the study of the nature of God and religious belief

一方、彼の工夫によって、最も無知な人でも、合理的な費用と少しの肉体労働で、天才や研究からの助けを借りずに、哲学、詩、政治、法律、数学、神学の本を書くことができる。

He then led me to the frame, about the sides whereof all his pupils stood in ranks.

lead (連れて行く) [動] take or guide someone or something to a destination

それから彼は私を額縁に連れて行き、その周りには彼の生徒たちが全員整列していた。

It was twenty feet square, placed in the middle of the room.

それは二十フィート四方で、部屋の真ん中に置かれていた。

The superficies was composed of several bits of wood, about the bigness of a die, but some larger than others.

superficies (表面) [名] the top or outside layer of something

be composed of (で構成されている) [動] be made up of

die (サイコロ) [名] a small cube with numbers on each side, used in games

表面は、サイコロほどの大きさの木片で構成されていたが、他の木片よりも大きいものもあった。

They were all linked together by slender wires.

link (つなぐ) [動] connect or join together

それらはすべて細い針金でつながれていた。

These bits of wood were covered on every square with paper pasted on them;

paste (貼り付ける) [動] to stick or glue something to something else

これらの木片は、すべての正方形に紙を貼り付けて覆われていた。

and on these papers were written all the words of their language in their several moods, tenses, and declensions, but without any order.

mood (法) [名] a grammatical category of verbs that expresses the speaker's attitude toward the action or state described by the verb

tense (時制) [名] a grammatical category of verbs that expresses the time of the action or state described by the verb

declension (格変化) [名] the inflection of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and articles to show their grammatical case

そして、これらの紙には、彼らの言語のすべての言葉が、いくつかの法、時制、格変化で書かれていたが、順序は全くなかった。

The professor then desired me to observe, for he was going to set his engine at work.

desire (言う) [動] to express a wish or hope

work (動かす) [動] to operate or cause to operate

教授は、機械を動かすのでよく見るようにと私に言った。

The pupils, at his command, took each of them hold of an iron handle, whereof there were forty fixed round the edges of the frame, and giving them a sudden turn, the whole disposition of the words was entirely changed.

take hold of (握る) [動] to grip or grasp something

handle (取っ手) [名] the part of an object that is designed to be held

give (回す) [動] to cause to move or turn

disposition (配置) [名] the arrangement of something

生徒たちは、彼の命令で、それぞれが鉄の取っ手を握り、そのうちの四十個が枠の端に固定されていて、急に回すと、言葉の配置が完全に変わった。

He then commanded six-and-thirty of the lads to read the several lines softly as they appeared upon the frame;

lads (少年たち) [名] a boy or young man

lines (行) [名] a row of words written across a page

それから彼は、三十六人の少年たちに、枠に現れた数行をそっと読むように命じた。

and where they found three or four words together that might make part of a sentence, they dictated to the four remaining boys, who were scribes.

dictate (書き取らせる) [動] say or read aloud (words to be typed, written down, or recorded)

scribe (書記) [名] a person who writes books or documents by hand

そして、文の一部になるかもしれない三つか四つの言葉を一緒に見つけると、残りの四人の少年に書き取らせた。

This work was repeated three or four times;

この作業は三、四回繰り返された。

and at every turn the engine was so contrived, that the words shifted into new places, as the square bits of wood moved upside down.

at every turn (回すたびに) [副] each time something happens

shift (移動する) [動] change position, direction, or place

upside down (上下逆さまに) [副] with the upper part where the lower part should be

そして、回すたびに、四角い木片が上下逆さまに動くように、言葉が新しい場所に移動するように工夫されていた。

Six hours a day the young students were employed in this labor;

a day (一日に) [名] a period of time equal to 24 hours

student (学生) [名] a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

be employed in (従事する) [動] have a job

若い学生たちは一日に六時間この労働に従事していた。

and the professor showed me several volumes in large folio, already collected, of broken sentences, which he intended to piece together, and out of those rich materials to give the world a complete body of all arts and sciences;

collect (集める) [動] bring or gather together

broken (断片的な) [形] not complete or whole

piece together (つなぎ合わせる) [動] to assemble or form a complete entity from fragments

complete (完全な) [形] having all the necessary or appropriate parts

そして教授は、すでに集められた断片的な文章を大判のフォリオで何冊か見せてくれたが、それをつなぎ合わせて、その豊富な材料から世界にあらゆる芸術と科学の完全な体系を提供しようとしていた。

which, however, might be still improved, and much expedited, if the public would raise a fund for making and employing five hundred such frames in Lagado, and oblige the managers to contribute in common their several collections.

raise (調達する) [動] collect or cause to be collected

contribute (提供する) [動] give or supply

しかし、もし国民がラガドにそのような枠を五百個作って使用するための資金を調達し、管理者にそれぞれのコレクションを共同で提供することを義務付ければ、それはさらに改善され、大幅に促進されるかもしれない。

He assured me that this invention had employed all his thoughts from his youth;

彼は、この発明が若い頃から彼のすべての思考を占めていたと言っていた。

that he had employed the whole vocabulary into his frame, and made the strictest computation of the general proportion there is in books between the numbers of particles, nouns, and verbs, and other parts of speech.

employ (組み込む) [動] use

vocabulary (語彙) [名] the body of words used in a language

frame (枠組み) [名] a structure that surrounds or encloses something such as a door or window

make (計算する) [動] calculate

strictest (最も厳密な) [形] most severe or rigorous

particle (助詞) [名] a small part of something

noun (名詞) [名] a word that functions as the name of a person, place, thing, quality, or action

verb (動詞) [名] a word that describes an action or a state

彼は、語彙全体を自分の枠組みに組み込み、本の中にある助詞、名詞、動詞、その他の品詞の数の間の一般的な比率を最も厳密に計算した。

I made my humblest acknowledgment to this illustrious person for his great communicativeness, and promised if ever I had the good fortune to return to my native country, that I would do him justice, as the sole inventor of this wonderful machine, the form and contrivance of which I desired leave to delineate upon paper.

communicativeness (コミュニケーション能力) [名] the ability to communicate

do justice (正義を果たす) [動] treat someone or something fairly

inventor (発明者) [名] a person who invents something

contrivance (仕掛け) [名] a device or machine

delineate (描く) [動] represent by a drawing, as by a sketch or diagram

私はこの高名な人物に、彼の偉大なコミュニケーション能力に対して、心から感謝の意を表し、もし私が幸運にも母国に帰ることができたら、この素晴らしい機械の唯一の発明者として彼に正義を果たすことを約束した。

I told him, although it were the custom of our learned in Europe to steal inventions from each other, who had thereby at least this advantage, that it became a controversy which was the right owner yet I would take such caution, that he should have the honor entire, without a rival.

controversy (論争) [名] a prolonged public dispute or debate

caution (注意) [名] care taken to avoid danger or mistakes

私は彼に、ヨーロッパの学者の間では互いに発明を盗み合うのが習慣になっているが、それによって少なくとも正当な所有者が誰かという論争になるという利点があるが、私は彼がライバルなしに名誉を独占できるように注意を払うつもりだと言った。

We next went to the school of language, where three professors sat in consultation upon improving that of their own country.

three (三人の) [形] being one more than two

次に私たちは言語学校に行ったが、そこでは三人の教授が自国の言語の改善について協議していた。

The first project was to shorten discourse by cutting polysyllables into one, and leaving out verbs and participles;

shorten (短くする) [動] make shorter

polysyllable (多音節語) [名] a word of many syllables

leave out (省略する) [動] not include

participle (分詞) [名] a form of a verb that functions as an adjective

最初の計画は、多音節語を一つに切って、動詞や分詞を省略することで、談話を短くすることだった。

because in reality all things imaginable are but nouns.

in reality (実際には) [副] in fact; in truth

imaginable (想像できる) [形] capable of being imagined

but (にすぎない) [接] only; just; merely

なぜなら、実際には想像できるすべてのものは名詞にすぎないからである。

The other was a scheme for entirely abolishing all words whatsoever;

abolish (廃止する) [動] formally put an end to

もう一つは、あらゆる言葉を完全に廃止する計画だった。

and this was urged as a great advantage in point of health as well as brevity.

urge (主張する) [動] to strongly recommend or encourage

そして、これは簡潔さだけでなく健康の点でも大きな利点だと主張された。

For it is plain, that every word we speak is in some degree a diminution of our lungs by corrosion, and consequently contributes to the shortening of our lives.

plain (明らか) [形] easily understood; clear

diminution (減少) [名] a reduction in the size, extent, or importance of something

lung (肺) [名] either of the two respiratory organs that lie within the rib cage on either side of the heart

corrosion (腐食) [名] the process of corroding

なぜなら、私たちが発する言葉はすべて、ある程度は腐食によって肺を減少させ、結果的に寿命を縮めることにつながるからである。

An expedient was therefore offered, that since words are only names for things, it would be more convenient for all men to carry about them such things as were necessary to express the particular business they are to discourse on.

offer (提案する) [動] present for consideration, discussion, or action

business (事柄) [名] a matter that is of concern to or that affects a person or group

そのため、言葉は物の名前にすぎないので、すべての人が話そうとしている特定の事柄を表現するのに必要なものを持ち歩く方が便利だという方便が提案された。

And this invention would certainly have taken place, to the great ease as well as health of the subject, if the women, in conjunction with the vulgar and illiterate, had not threatened to raise a rebellion unless they might be allowed the liberty to speak with their tongues, after the manner of their ancestors;

take place (起こる) [動] happen

women (女性) [名] an adult human female

conjunction (協力) [名] the action of combining or uniting

illiterate (無学) [形] unable to read or write

threaten (脅迫する) [動] state one's intention to punish or hurt someone

raise (起こす) [動] cause to be constructed

そして、この発明は、女性たちが下品で無学な人々と協力して、祖先のやり方に倣って舌で話す自由を許されない限り、反乱を起こすと脅迫しなかったならば、臣民の健康だけでなく、大いに楽になったであろう。

such constant irreconcilable enemies to science are the common people.

constant (絶え間ない) [形] non-stop

irreconcilable (和解できない) [形] unable to be made compatible or consistent

common people (一般の人々) [名] the ordinary people of a country

科学に対するそのような絶え間ない和解できない敵は、一般の人々である。

However, many of the most learned and wise adhere to the new scheme of expressing themselves by things;

learned (学識がある) [形] having much knowledge acquired by study

adhere (固執する) [動] stick fast to a surface or substance

scheme (考え方) [名] a systematic plan of action

しかし、最も学識があり賢い人の多くは、物によって自分を表現するという新しい考え方に固執している。

which has only this inconvenience attending it, that if a man’s business be very great, and of various kinds, he must be obliged in proportion to carry a greater bundle of things upon his back, unless he can afford one or two strong servants to attend him.

proportion (比例して) [名] a relationship of size or quantity between two or more things

afford (余裕がない) [動] have enough money to pay for

それに伴う不便はただ一つ、もし人の用事が非常に多く、様々な種類のものであれば、一人か二人の屈強な召使を雇う余裕がない限り、それに比例してより多くの荷物を背負わなければならないということである。

I have often beheld two of those sages almost sinking under the weight of their packs, like peddlers among us;

pack (荷物) [名] a collection of things wrapped or tied together

peddler (行商人) [名] a person who travels from place to place selling small goods

私はよく、この賢者二人が、まるで私たちの間の行商人のように、荷物の重みで沈みそうになっているのを見かけた。

who when they met in the street would lay down their loads, open their sacks, and hold conversation for an hour together;

lay down (下ろす) [動] put something down

load (荷物) [名] a heavy or bulky thing that is being carried or is about to be carried

sack (袋) [名] a large bag made of a strong material

彼らは道で出会うと荷物を下ろし、袋を開けて、一時間ほど会話をする。

then put up their implements, help each other to resume their burdens, and take their leave.

put up (片付ける) [動] to put something in its proper place

help (助け合う) [動] to make it easier for someone to do something

resume (再び背負う) [動] to begin again

burden (荷物) [名] a heavy load

take one's leave (別れる) [動] to go away from a place

それから道具を片付け、荷物を再び背負うのを助け合って、別れる。

But for short conversations a man may carry implements in his pockets and under his arms, enough to supply him;

しかし、短い会話なら、ポケットや腕の下に道具を入れて持ち運ぶことができる。

and in his house he cannot be at a loss.

at a loss (困る) [形] puzzled or confused

そして、家では困ることはない。

Therefore the room where company meet who practice this art, is full of all things, ready at hand, requisite to furnish matter for this kind of artificial converse.

meet (集まる) [動] come together

practice (練習する) [動] perform repeatedly in order to learn or perfect

ready at hand (手近にある) [形] easily accessible

requisite (必要な) [形] made or done as a condition of something else

furnish (提供する) [動] supply or provide

matter (材料) [名] that which is present in a thing and which gives it its particular nature or form

artificial (人工的な) [形] made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally

そのため、この技術を練習する仲間が集まる部屋には、この種の人工的な会話の材料を提供するのに必要なあらゆるものが手近にある。

Another great advantage proposed by this invention was, that it would serve as a universal language, to be understood in all civilized nations, whose goods and utensils are generally of the same kind, or nearly resembling, so that their uses might easily be comprehended.

civilized (文明国) [形] having an advanced or humane culture

utensil (道具) [名] an implement, container, or other article that is used in a household and especially a kitchen

nearly (ほぼ) [副] very close or similar to

この発明によって提案されたもう一つの大きな利点は、それが普遍的な言語として役立ち、すべての文明国で理解されるということだった。文明国の品物や道具は一般的に同じ種類か、ほぼ似ているので、その用途は容易に理解できる。

And thus ambassadors would be qualified to treat with foreign princes, or ministers of state, to whose tongues they were utter strangers.

be qualified to (資格を得る) [動] be entitled to

treat with (交渉する) [動] discuss or negotiate with

utter (全く) [形] complete; total

こうして大使たちは、言葉が全く通じない外国の王侯や大臣と交渉する資格を得ることになる。

I was at the mathematical school, where the master taught his pupils after a method scarce imaginable to us in Europe.

mathematical school (数学の学校) [名] a school where mathematics is taught

私は数学の学校にいたのだが、そこでは教師がヨーロッパの私たちにはほとんど想像もつかない方法で生徒を教えていた。

The proposition and demonstration were fairly written on a thin wafer, with ink composed of cephalic tincture.

proposition (命題) [名] a statement that is either true or false

demonstration (証明) [名] a public display of group feelings for or against a person or cause

fairly (きれいに) [副] in a fair manner

wafer (ウエハース) [名] a thin, light, crisp biscuit

compose (できている) [動] make up the whole of

cephalic (頭部の) [形] of or relating to the head

tincture (チンキ) [名] a solution of a medicinal substance in alcohol

命題と証明は、薄いウエハースに頭部のチンキでできたインクできれいに書かれていた。

This the student was to swallow upon a fasting stomach, and for three days following eat nothing but bread and water.

fasting (空腹) [名] the act of going without food

これを生徒は空腹時に飲み込み、その後三日間はパンと水以外何も食べない。

As the wafer digested, the tincture mounted to his brain, bearing the proposition along with it.

as (につれて) [接] while or when

digest (消化する) [動] convert food into a form that can be absorbed into the body

bear (運ぶ) [動] carry

ウエハースが消化されるにつれて、チンキが脳に達し、命題を運んで行く。

But the success has not hitherto been answerable, partly by some error in the _quantum_ or composition, and partly by the perverseness of lads, to whom this bolus is so nauseous that they generally steal aside and discharge it upwards before it can operate;

quantum (量) [名] the amount or number of a material or immaterial thing

composition (成分) [名] the nature of something's ingredients or constituents

perverseness (ひねくれ根性) [名] the quality or state of being deliberately unreasonable or difficult

nauseous (吐き気を催す) [形] causing nausea

steal (こっそり逃げる) [動] take without permission or legal right and without intending to return it

discharge (吐き出す) [動] eject or expel

upwards (上に向かって) [副] in an upward direction

operate (効果が出る) [動] function or work

しかし、その成功は、量や成分の誤り、また、この丸薬があまりにも吐き気を催すので、効果が出る前にこっそり横に逃げて吐き出してしまう少年たちのひねくれ根性のために、これまでのところは満足のいくものではない。

neither have they been yet persuaded to use so long an abstinence as the prescription requires.

been (されている) [動] be

persuaded (説得する) [動] cause (someone) to do something through reasoning or argument

abstinence (禁欲) [名] the practice of abstaining from something

prescription (処方箋) [名] a written order for a medicine or other treatment

処方箋に従って、長い間禁欲を続けるように説得することもできなかった。

CHAPTER VI

第六章

A FURTHER ACCOUNT OF THE ACADEMY—THE AUTHOR PROPOSES SOME IMPROVEMENTS, WHICH ARE HONORABLY RECEIVED.

honorably (名誉あるものとして) [副] in a way that is worthy of honor

アカデミーのさらなる説明ー著者はいくつかの改善を提案し、それは名誉あるものとして受け取られる。

In the school of political projectors I was but ill entertained, the professors appearing to me wholly out of their senses, which is a scene that never fails to make me melancholy.

political (政治的) [形] of or relating to government, a government, or the conduct of government

ill (あまり) [副] to a small extent or degree

entertain (歓迎する) [動] to amuse or occupy in a pleasant or agreeable manner

sense (正気) [名] a sane and realistic attitude to situations and problems

政治的計画者の学校では、私はあまり歓迎されず、教授たちは私には全く正気でないように見え、それは私を憂鬱にさせるのに失敗したことのない光景である。

These unhappy people were proposing schemes for persuading monarchs to choose favorites upon the score of their wisdom, capacity, and virtue;

この不幸な人々は、君主に知恵、能力、美徳の点で寵臣を選ぶよう説得する計画を提案していた。

of teaching ministers to consult the public good;

大臣に公益を図るよう教え、

of rewarding merit, great abilities, and eminent services;

rewarding (報いる) [動] give a reward to

service (功績) [名] an act of helpful activity

功績、優れた能力、卓越した功績に報い、

of instructing princes to know their true interest by placing it on the same foundation with that of their people;

interest (利益) [名] money paid for the use of money lent, or for delaying the repayment of a debt

君主に、国民の利益と同じ土台に置くことで、真の利益を理解するよう教え、

of choosing for employments persons qualified to exercise them;

qualify (適任である) [動] be entitled to a particular benefit or privilege

職務に適任者を選び、

with many other wild, impossible chimeras, that never entered before into the heart of man to conceive, and confirmed in me the old observation, that “there is nothing so extravagant and irrational, which some philosophers have not maintained for truth.”

wild (荒唐無稽な) [形] not subject to control or restraint

impossible (空想的な) [形] not possible; unable to be done

chimera (空想) [名] a thing that is hoped or wished for but in fact is illusory or impossible to achieve

enter (浮かぶ) [動] come or go into

extravagant (突飛な) [形] lacking restraint in spending money or using resources

irrational (非合理な) [形] not logical or reasonable

その他にも、これまで人間の頭に浮かんだことのない、荒唐無稽な空想をたくさん聞かされたので、「どんなに突飛で非合理なことでも、真理として主張する哲学者がいないことはない」という古い格言を思い出した。

But, however, I shall so far do justice to this part of the academy, as to acknowledge that all of them were not so visionary.

do justice to (公平に扱う) [動] treat fairly

visionary (空想家) [名] a person with unusual powers of foresight

しかし、アカデミーのこの部分については、全員がそうした空想家ではなかったことを認める程度には公平に扱おう。

There was a most ingenious doctor who seemed to be perfectly versed in the whole nature and system of government.

doctor (博士) [名] a person who has earned a doctorate

versed (精通している) [形] having a comprehensive knowledge of

system (制度) [名] a set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an organized scheme or method

政府の性質と制度全体に精通していると思われる、とても独創的な博士がいた。

This illustrious person had very usefully employed his studies in finding out effectual remedies for all diseases and corruptions to which the several kinds of public administration are subject, by the vices or infirmities of those who govern, as well as by the licentiousness of those who are to obey.

very usefully (大いに) [副] to a great extent

effectual (効果的な) [形] producing or capable of producing an intended effect

public administration (行政) [名] the implementation of government policy

subject (陥りやすい) [形] likely to be affected by

licentiousness (放縦) [名] lack of moral discipline and control

この高名な人物は、統治者の悪徳や弱点、また被治者の放縦によって、さまざまな種類の行政が陥りやすいあらゆる病弊や腐敗に対する効果的な治療法を見つけ出すことに、研究を大いに役立てていた。

For instance, whereas all writers and reasoners have agreed that there is a strict universal resemblance between the natural and the political body, can there be anything more evident, than that the health of both must be preserved, and the diseases cured by the same prescription?

writer (著述家) [名] a person who writes books, articles, or stories as a job or regular occupation

natural (自然体) [名] the physical world and everything in it

political (政治体) [名] the system or practice of government and the administration and control of public affairs

resemblance (類似性) [名] the state of being similar

cure (治す) [動] relieve (a person or animal) of the symptoms of a disease or condition

たとえば、すべての著述家や論理家が、自然体と政治体の間には厳密な普遍的類似性があることに同意しているが、両者の健康を維持し、同じ処方箋で病気を治さなければならないこと以上に明白なことがあるだろうか?

It is allowed, that senates and great councils are often troubled with redundant, ebullient, and other peccant humors;

great council (大評議会) [名] a council of state

be allowed (認められる) [動] be permitted or allowed

be troubled with (悩む) [動] be affected by

redundant (余計な) [形] superfluous; unnecessary

ebullient (沸騰した) [形] boiling or bubbling up

peccant (有害な) [形] guilty of a sin or offense

humor (体液) [名] a fluid or semifluid substance in the body

上院や大評議会は、しばしば余計な、沸騰した、その他の有害な体液に悩まされることは認められている。

with many diseases of the head, and more of the heart;

頭の病気が多く、心臓の病気はもっと多い。

with strong convulsions, with grievous contractions of the nerves and sinews in both hands, but especially the right;

convulsion (痙攣) [名] a violent involuntary contraction or series of contractions of the muscles

grievous (ひどい) [形] causing great pain or suffering

contraction (収縮) [名] the action of becoming shorter, smaller, or tighter

nerve (神経) [名] a bundle of fibers that transmits impulses between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body

sinew (筋) [名] a piece of tough fibrous tissue uniting muscle to bone or bone to bone

強い痙攣を起こし、両手、特に右手の神経と筋がひどく収縮する。

with spleen, flatus, vertigoes, and deliriums;

spleen (脾臓) [名] an organ in the upper left part of the abdomen

flatus (鼓腸) [名] gas in the stomach or intestines

vertigo (めまい) [名] a sensation of spinning around

delirium (せん妄) [名] a state of confusion and excitement

脾臓、鼓腸、めまい、せん妄を伴う。

with scrofulous tumors, full of fetid purulent matter;

scrofulous (結核性) [形] of or relating to scrofula

tumor (腫瘍) [名] a mass of cells that is growing out of control

fetid (悪臭を放つ) [形] having a very bad smell

purulent (化膿した) [形] containing or discharging pus

悪臭を放つ化膿物でいっぱいの結核性腫瘍を伴う。

with sour, frothy eructations; with canine appetites and crudeness of digestion, besides many others, needless to mention.

frothy (泡状の) [形] full of or covered with froth

eructation (げっぷ) [名] the act of belching

canine (犬のような) [形] of or relating to dogs

crudeness (不良) [名] the quality or state of being crude

digestion (消化) [名] the process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body

to mention (言う) [動] to speak about or refer to

酸っぱい泡状のげっぷを伴い、犬のような食欲と消化不良を伴い、その他にも言うまでもなく多くの症状を伴う。

This doctor therefore proposed that upon the meeting of a senate, certain physicians should attend at the three first days of their sitting, and at the close of each day’s debate feel the pulses of every senator;

senate (元老院) [名] the upper house of the US Congress

close (終わり) [名] the end of something

debate (討論) [名] a formal discussion on a particular topic

feel (とる) [動] perceive or be conscious of a sensation

そのためこの医師は、元老院の会議の最初の三日間、医師が出席して、毎日の討論の終わりに各議員の脈をとることを提案した。

after which, having maturely considered and consulted upon the nature of the several maladies, and the methods of cure, they should on the fourth day return to the senate house, attended by their apothecaries, stored with proper, medicines, and before the members sat, administer to each of them lenitives, aperitives, abstersives, corrosives, restringents, palliatives, laxatives, cephalalgics, icterics, apophlegmatics, acoustics, as their several cases required, and according as these medicines should operate, repeat, alter, or omit them at the next meeting.

maturely (十分に) [副] in a mature way

malady (病気) [名] a disease or illness

cure (治療法) [名] a method or course of medical treatment intended to relieve or heal a disease

apothecary (薬剤師) [名] a person who prepares and sells medicines and drugs

sit (着席する) [動] be in or assume a position in which one's weight is supported by one's buttocks rather than one's feet and one's upper body is more or less upright

administer (投与する) [動] manage or supervise the implementation of

lenitive (鎮痛剤) [名] a medicine or other substance that relieves pain or discomfort

aperitive (食欲増進剤) [名] a medicine or other substance that stimulates the appetite

abstersive (洗浄剤) [名] a medicine or other substance that cleans or purifies

corrosive (腐食剤) [名] a substance that causes corrosion

restringent (収斂剤) [名] a medicine or other substance that causes contraction or constriction

palliative (緩和剤) [名] a medicine or other substance that relieves the symptoms of a disease or condition without curing it

laxative (下剤) [名] a medicine or other substance that loosens the bowels and causes evacuation of the bowels

cephalalgic (頭痛薬) [名] a medicine or other substance that relieves headache

icteric (黄疸薬) [名] a medicine or other substance that treats jaundice

apophlegmatic (去痰薬) [名] a medicine or other substance that removes phlegm

acoustic (聴覚薬) [名] a medicine or other substance that improves hearing

operate (作用する) [動] function or work in a particular way

その後、各病気の性質と治療法について十分に検討し、相談した上で、四日目には薬剤師を連れて元老院に戻り、適切な薬を用意して、議員が着席する前に、それぞれの症状に応じて、鎮痛剤、食欲増進剤、洗浄剤、腐食剤、収斂剤、緩和剤、下剤、頭痛薬、黄疸薬、去痰薬、聴覚薬を投与し、これらの薬が作用するかどうかに応じて、次回の会議で繰り返したり、変更したり、省略したりする。

This project could not be of any great expense to the public, and would in my poor opinion be of much use for the dispatch of business, in those countries where senates have any share in the legislative power, beget unanimity, shorten debates, open a few mouths which are now closed, and close many more which are now open;

public (国民) [名] the people of a country or area

great expense (大きな負担) [名] a large amount of money spent

poor opinion (貧弱な意見) [名] a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge

dispatch of business (議事の処理) [名] the completion of a task or job

legislative power (立法権) [名] the power to make laws

beget unanimity (全会一致を生む) [動] cause or produce something

shorten debate (討論を短縮する) [動] make something shorter

open a few mouths (口を少し開く) [動] start talking

close many more (もっと閉じる) [動] shut something

この計画は国民に大きな負担をかけることはないと思われ、私の貧弱な意見では、元老院が立法権を有する国では、議事の処理に大いに役立ち、全会一致を生み、討論を短縮し、今は閉じている口を少し開き、今は開いている口をもっと閉じることになるだろう。

curb the petulancy of the young, and correct the positiveness of the old;

curb (抑える) [動] restrain or keep in check

petulancy (短気) [名] the quality of being impatient or irritable

young (若者) [名] a person who is relatively young

correct (正す) [動] make or set right

positiveness (独断) [名] the quality of being confident and assertive

若者の短気を抑え、老人の独断を正す。

rouse the stupid, and damp the pert.

rouse (奮い立たせる) [動] to cause to be active, excited, or agitated

stupid (愚か者) [名] a person who is foolish or unintelligent

damp (抑える) [動] to make or become slightly wet

pert (生意気な) [形] bold and confident in a way that is rude or not respectful

愚か者を奮い立たせ、生意気な者を抑える。

Again, because it is a general complaint that the favorites of princes are troubled with short and weak memories, the same doctor proposed that whoever attended a first minister, after having told his business with the utmost brevity and in the plainest words, should at his departure give the said minister a tweak by the nose, or a kick in the belly, or tread on his corns, or lug him thrice by both ears, or run a pin into his breech, or pinch his arm black and blue, to prevent forgetfulness;

complaint (不満) [名] a statement that you are unhappy about something

departure (退出) [名] the act of leaving

tweak (ひねる) [動] twist or pull sharply

kick (蹴る) [動] strike or propel forcibly with the foot

corn (たこ) [名] a small, hard area of thickened skin on the foot, caused by pressure or friction

lug (引っ張る) [動] pull or carry with great effort

breech (尻) [名] the part of a gun behind the barrel

pinch (つねる) [動] squeeze sharply between the fingers

black (青黒い) [形] of the darkest color

forgetfulness (忘れっぽさ) [名] the tendency to forget things

また、王侯の寵臣は記憶力が短く弱いことが一般に不満とされているため、同じ医師は、首相に面会した者は、用件を極めて簡潔に平易な言葉で伝えた後、退出時にその大臣の鼻をひねったり、腹を蹴ったり、たこを踏んだり、両耳を三回引っ張ったり、尻にピンを刺したり、腕を青黒くつねったりして、忘れないようにすることを提案した。

and at every levee day repeat the same operation, till the business were done or absolutely refused.

done (済む) [動] finished

そして、用事が済むか、絶対に拒否されるまで、毎日同じことを繰り返すようにした。

He likewise directed that every senator in the great council of a nation, after he had delivered his opinion and argued in the defense of it, should be obliged to give his vote directly contrary;

argue (議論する) [動] exchange diverging or opposite views, typically in a heated or angry way

vote (投票) [名] a formal expression of opinion or choice, either positive or negative, made by an individual or body of individuals

彼はまた、一国の大評議会の議員は、自分の意見を述べ、それを擁護する議論をした後、それとは正反対の投票を義務付けられるべきだと指示した。

because if that were done, the result would infallibly terminate in the good of the public.

that (そうすれば) [代] the thing or things mentioned before

were done (すれば) [動] be finished or completed

result (結果) [名] something that happens or comes about as a consequence of an action or other cause

なぜなら、そうすれば結果は間違いなく国民の利益につながるからである。

When parties in a state are violent, he offered a wonderful contrivance to reconcile them.

reconcile (和解させる) [動] restore friendly relations between

国家の政党が暴力的になったとき、彼はそれを和解させる素晴らしい工夫を提案した。

The method is this:

その方法はこうだ。

You take a hundred leaders of each party;

take (選ぶ) [動] pick out or select from a number of alternatives

各党の指導者を百人ずつ選び、

you dispose them into couples of such whose heads are nearest of a size;

dispose (する) [動] arrange or position

couple (カップル) [名] two people who are married, engaged, or otherwise closely associated romantically or sexually

頭のサイズが最も近い者同士をカップルにする。

then let two nice operators saw off the occiput of each couple at the same time, in such a manner that the brain may be equally divided.

nice (優秀な) [形] very good; excellent

saw off (切断する) [動] cut off with a saw

occiput (後頭部) [名] the back of the head

そして、2人の優秀な外科医に各カップルの後頭部を同時に切断させ、脳が均等に分割されるようにする。

Let the occiputs thus cut off be interchanged, applying each to the head of his opposite party man.

cut off (切り取る) [動] remove by cutting

interchange (交換する) [動] change places with each other

こうして切り取った後頭部を交換し、それぞれを反対党の人の頭に当てる。

It seems indeed to be a work that requires some exactness, but the professor assured us that if it were dexterously performed, the cure would be infallible.

cure (治療) [名] a medical treatment that successfully ends a medical condition

infallible (間違いない) [形] never failing; always effective

確かにこれはかなりの正確さを要する作業のようだが、教授は、もし巧みに行われれば、治療は間違いなく成功するだろうと保証した。

For he argued thus: that the two half brains being left to debate the matter between themselves within the space of one skull, would soon come to a good understanding, and produce that moderation, as well as regularity of thinking, so much to be wished for in the heads of those who imagine they come into the world only to watch and govern its motion;

argue (論じる) [動] give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action, or theory, typically with the aim of persuading others to share one's view

moderation (節度) [名] the avoidance of excess or extremes

regularity (規則性) [名] the quality or state of being regular

come into (生まれる) [動] be born

彼はこう論じた。2つの半分の脳が1つの頭蓋骨の空間の中で議論を交わすようにしておけば、すぐに理解し合い、思考の規則性だけでなく、節度も生み出すだろう。自分たちがこの世に生まれてきたのは、ただその動きを観察し、支配するためだけだと想像している人々の頭の中では、節度や思考の規則性がとても望まれている。

and as to the difference of brains, in quantity or quality, among those who are directors in faction, the doctor assured us, from his own knowledge, that it was a perfect trifle.

director (指導者) [名] a person who is in charge of an organization or activity

派閥の指導者たちの脳の量や質の違いについては、医師は自分の知識から、それはまったく些細なことだと保証した。

I heard a very warm debate between two professors, about the most commodious and effectual ways and means of raising money without grieving the subject.

commodious (便利な) [形] having plenty of room

subject (国民) [名] a person who lives in a particular country, state, or under a particular political system

私は、国民を悲しませることなく資金を調達する最も便利で効果的な方法と手段について、2人の教授の間で非常に熱い議論を聞いた。

The first affirmed, the justest method would be to lay a certain tax upon vices and folly, and the sum fixed upon every man to be rated after the fairest manner by a jury of his neighbors.

just (公正な) [形] based on or behaving according to what is morally right and fair

jury (陪審員) [名] a body of people (typically twelve in number) sworn to give a verdict in a legal case on the basis of evidence submitted to them in court

最初の教授は、最も公正な方法は悪徳と愚行に一定の税金を課すことであり、各人に課せられる金額は、その人の隣人からなる陪審員によって最も公正な方法で評価されるべきだと断言した。

The second was of an opinion directly contrary: to tax those qualities of body and mind for which men chiefly value themselves, the rate to be more or less according to the degrees of excelling, the decision whereof should be left entirely to their own breast.

directly (正反対) [副] in a direct manner

tax (課税する) [動] impose a tax on

value (評価する) [動] regard highly; think much of

more or less (増減させる) [副] to some extent; approximately

degree (程度) [名] the amount, level, or extent to which something happens or is present

2人目の教授は正反対の意見だった。人間が自分自身を主に評価する身体と精神の資質に課税し、その税率は優秀さの程度に応じて増減させ、その決定は完全に本人の胸に委ねるべきだという。

The highest tax was upon men who are the greatest favorites of the other sex, and the assessments according to the number and natures of the favors they have received;

men (男性) [名] an adult male human being

favorites (人気のある) [名] a person or thing that is preferred to all others

other (異性) [形] different from the one already mentioned or considered

最も高い税率は、異性に最も人気のある男性に課せられ、その評価は受けた好意の数と性質に応じて行われるという。

for which they are allowed to be their own vouchers.

voucher (証明書) [名] a document that can be exchanged for goods or services

そのために、彼らは自分の証明書を提出することが許されている。

Wit, valor, and politeness were likewise proposed to be largely taxed, and collected in the same manner, by every person’s giving his own word for the quantum of what he possessed.

politeness (礼儀正しさ) [名] the quality of being polite

possess (持っている) [動] have as belonging to one; own

同様に、機知、勇気、礼儀正しさにも多額の税金をかけ、各自が自分の持っている量を自己申告することで、同じように徴収することが提案された。

But as to honor, justice, wisdom, and learning, they should not be taxed at all, because they are qualifications of so singular a kind, that no man will either allow them in his neighbor or value them in himself.

singular (特異な) [形] very unusual or remarkable

しかし、名誉、正義、知恵、学問については、これらは非常に特異な資質であり、誰も隣人に認めたり、自分自身で評価したりしないので、全く課税されるべきではない。

The women were proposed to be taxed according to their beauty and skill in dressing, wherein they had the same privilege with the men, to be determined by their own judgment.

be proposed (提案される) [動] be suggested for consideration or discussion

be taxed (課税される) [動] be required to pay a tax

dressing (着こなし) [名] the way that someone dresses

女性は美貌と着こなしの技量に応じて課税されることが提案され、その点では男性と同じ特権を持ち、自分の判断で決められる。

But constancy, chastity, good sense, and good nature, were not rated, because they would not bear the charge of collecting.

constancy (貞節) [名] the quality of being faithful and dependable

chastity (貞操) [名] the state or quality of being chaste

good nature (善良な性質) [名] a kind and pleasant disposition

charge (責任) [名] the duty or responsibility to do something

collecting (徴収) [名] the action or process of collecting something

しかし、貞節、貞操、良識、善良な性質は、徴収の責任を負わないため、評価されなかった。

To keep senators in the interest of the crown, it was proposed that the members shall raffle for employments, every man first taking an oath, and giving security that he would vote for the court, whether he won or no, after which the losers had in their turn the liberty of raffling upon the next vacancy.

raffle (くじ引き) [名] a lottery in which the winner is given a prize

court (法廷) [名] a place where people are tried for crimes

win (当選する) [動] be successful or victorious in (a contest or game)

loser (敗者) [名] a person or thing that loses

vacancy (空席) [名] an unoccupied position or job

上院議員を王冠の利益に留めておくために、議員は職に就くためにくじ引きをすること、各自が最初に宣誓し、当選したかどうかにかかわらず、法廷に投票することを保証すること、その後、敗者は次の空席に応募する自由を持つことが提案された。

Thus hope and expectation would be kept alive;

keep alive (生き続ける) [動] continue to live or exist

こうして希望と期待は生き続けるだろう。

none would complain of broken promises, but impute their disappointments wholly to fortune, whose shoulders are broader and stronger than those of a ministry.

broken promise (破られた約束) [名] a promise that is not kept

誰も約束が破られたと不平を言うことはなく、失望はすべて運命のせいにするだろう。運命の肩は、大臣の肩よりも広く、強い。

The whole discourse was written with great acuteness, containing many observations both curious and useful for politicians, but as I conceived not altogether complete.

acuteness (鋭さ) [名] the quality of being sharp or intense

politician (政治家) [名] a person who is involved in politics, especially as a holder of or a candidate for an elected office

論文全体は非常に鋭く書かれており、政治家にとって興味深く有用な観察が多く含まれていたが、私の考えでは、全体として完全なものではなかった。

This I ventured to tell the author, and offered if he pleased to supply him with some additions.

venture (あえて) [動] do something that involves taking a risk

please (喜ぶ) [動] make someone happy

supply (加える) [動] provide or furnish something

これを私はあえて著者に伝え、もし彼が喜んでくれるなら、いくつかの補足を加えることを申し出た。

He received my proposition with more compliance than is usual among writers, especially those of the projecting species, professing he would be glad to receive further information.

proposition (提案) [名] a statement or assertion that expresses a judgment or opinion

writer (作家) [名] a person who has written a particular text

projecting (投影) [形] projecting

彼は私の提案を、作家、特に投影種の作家の間では普通よりも従順に受け止め、さらなる情報を受け取ることを喜ぶと公言した。

I told him that were I to live in a kingdom where the bulk of the people indulged in plots and conspiracies, I would take care to encourage the breed of discoverers, witnesses, informers, accusers, prosecutors, evidences, swearers, together with their several subservient and subaltern instruments, placing them all under the pay and the protection of ministers of state or other powerful persons who desire to raise their own characters as profound politicians.

indulge (耽溺する) [動] allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of

discoverer (発見者) [名] a person who discovers something

informer (密告者) [名] a person who informs on another person

prosecutor (検察官) [名] a lawyer who represents the state or federal government in court proceedings and brings criminal charges against those accused of breaking the law

evidence (証拠) [名] the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid

swearer (宣誓者) [名] a person who swears

subservient (従属的な) [形] prepared to obey others unquestioningly

subaltern (従属的な) [形] of lower rank or position

私は彼に、もし私が国民の大部分が陰謀や共謀に耽溺している王国に住むならば、発見者、証人、密告者、告発者、検察官、証拠、宣誓者、そして彼らの従属的で従属的な道具を育て、彼らをすべて、深遠な政治家としての自分の性格を高めることを望む大臣や他の有力者の支払いと保護の下に置くように注意するだろうと言った。

Men thus qualified and empowered might restore new vigor to a crazy administration;

empower (権限を与える) [動] make someone stronger and more confident, especially in controlling their life and claiming their rights

restore (取り戻す) [動] bring back to a former condition

vigor (活力) [名] physical or mental strength or energy

このように資格を与えられ、権限を与えられた人々は、狂った政権に新たな活力を取り戻すかもしれない。

stifle or divert general discontents;

stifle (抑える) [動] suppress or restrain

一般的な不満を抑えたり、そらしたりすることができる。

fill their pockets with forfeitures, and advance or sink the opinion of public credit, as either shall best answer their private advantage.

forfeiture (没収品) [名] the loss of something by way of penalty

sink (沈める) [動] go down below the surface of something

public credit (公的信用) [名] the ability of a government to borrow money

either (どちらも) [限] one or the other of two people or things

best (最もよく) [副] to the highest degree or extent

private advantage (私的利益) [名] a benefit to oneself

没収品でポケットをいっぱいにし、公的信用の意見を前進させたり沈めたりすることで、どちらも彼らの私的利益に最もよく答えられるようにする。

This might be done by first agreeing and settling among themselves what suspected persons shall be accused of a plot;

settle (解決する) [動] find a solution to

suspect (容疑者) [名] a person who is thought to have committed a crime

plot (陰謀) [名] a secret plan to do something harmful or illegal

これは、まず容疑者を陰謀の罪で告発するかどうかを自分たちの間で合意し、解決することで可能になる。

then, effectual care being taken to secure all their letters and papers, and the criminal placed in secure custody, these papers might be delivered to a set of artists sufficiently dexterous to find out the mysterious meanings of words, syllables, and letters.

secure (確保する) [動] make safe or certain

secure custody (安全に保管) [名] the state of being kept in a safe place

mysterious (神秘的な) [形] having an unknown cause or origin

次に、彼らのすべての手紙や書類を確保するために効果的な注意が払われ、犯罪者が安全に保管された後、これらの書類は、言葉、音節、文字の神秘的な意味を見つけるのに十分な器用さを持つ芸術家の集団に届けられる。

They should be allowed to place what interpretation they please upon them, even if it is contrary to their true intent and meaning;

even if (たとえ) [接] although

intent (意図) [名] intention

彼らは、たとえそれが彼らの真の意図や意味に反するものであっても、彼らが喜ぶ解釈を彼らに与えることを許されるべきである。

for instance, they may, if they so fancy, interpret a sieve to signify a court lady;

fancy (思えば) [動] imagine or suppose

sieve (ふるい) [名] a utensil with a meshed or perforated bottom used for separating coarser from finer particles

例えば、彼らは、もしそう思えば、ふるいを宮廷の女性を意味すると解釈することができる。

a lame dog, an invader;

lame (足の不自由な) [形] unable to walk normally because of an injury or illness affecting the leg or foot

足の不自由な犬は侵略者である。

the plague, a standing army;

standing army (常備軍) [名] a permanent army

疫病は常備軍である。

a buzzard, a great statesman;

buzzard (ノスリ) [名] a large bird of prey with broad wings and a rounded tail

statesman (政治家) [名] a person who is involved in the government of a country

ノスリは偉大な政治家である。

the gout, a high priest;

gout (痛風) [名] a disease characterized by painful inflammation of the joints

high priest (大祭司) [名] the chief priest of the Jews

痛風は大祭司である。

a broom, a revolution;

broom (ほうき) [名] a long-handled brush of twigs or bristles for sweeping

ほうきは革命である。

a mouse-trap, an employment;

mouse-trap (ねずみ捕り) [名] a device for catching mice

ねずみ捕りは職業である。

a bottomless pit, a treasury;

bottomless (底なしの) [形] having no bottom

pit (穴) [名] a deep hole in the ground

treasury (宝庫) [名] a place where treasure is kept

底なし穴は宝庫である。

a sink, a court;

sink (流し) [名] a large fixed container with taps to supply water

流しは宮廷である。

a cap and bells, a favorite;

bell (鈴) [名] a hollow metal object that makes a ringing sound when struck

道化の帽子は寵臣である。

a broken reed, a court of justice;

broken (折れた) [形] having been fractured or damaged

reed (葦) [名] a tall, slender-stemmed plant that grows in marshes and wet places

折れた葦は裁判所である。

an empty tun, a general;

tun (樽) [名] a large cask or barrel

空の樽は将軍である。

a running sore, an administration.

running sore (膿瘍) [名] a sore that is open and discharging pus

膿瘍は政府である。

But should this method fail, recourse might be had to others more effectual, which learned men call acrostics and anagrams.

recourse (頼る) [名] a source of help in a difficult situation

acrostic (アクロスティック) [名] a poem or other composition in which the first letter, syllable, or word of each line or paragraph spells out a word, phrase, or sentence when taken in order

anagram (アナグラム) [名] a word, phrase, or name formed by rearranging the letters of another, such as cinema, formed from iceman

しかし、この方法が失敗したら、もっと効果的な他の方法に頼ればいい。学者はそれをアクロスティックやアナグラムと呼んでいる。

First, might be found men of skill and penetration who can discern that all initial letters have political meanings.

penetration (洞察力) [名] the ability to see into or understand something

initial (頭文字) [形] occurring at the beginning

まず、すべての頭文字に政治的な意味があることを見抜くことができる、技能と洞察力のある人を見つけることができる。

Thus N shall signify a plot, B a regiment of horse, L a fleet at sea.

N (N) [名] the 14th letter of the English alphabet

B (B) [名] the 2nd letter of the English alphabet

regiment (連隊) [名] a military unit

L (L) [名] the 12th letter of the English alphabet

例えば、Nは陰謀、Bは騎兵連隊、Lは海上の艦隊を意味する。

Or, secondly, by transposing the letters of the alphabet in any suspected paper, they can discover the deepest designs of a discontented party.

second (第二に) [副] next after the first

transpose (並べ替える) [動] change the order or position of

discontented (不満を持つ) [形] unhappy about something

あるいは、第二に、疑わしい文書のアルファベットの文字を並べ替えることで、不満を持つ党の最も深い意図を発見することができる。

So, for example, if I should say in a letter to a friend: “Our brother Tom has just got the measles,” a man of skill in this art would discover that the same letters which compose that sentence might be analyzed into the following words: Resist.—A Plot is brought home.—The Tower.

measles (麻疹) [名] an infectious viral disease causing fever and a red rash on the skin

resist (抵抗する) [動] oppose or withstand

例えば、私が友人に宛てた手紙の中で「弟のトムが麻疹にかかった」と書いたとしたら、この技術に長けた人は、その文を構成する同じ文字を次のような言葉に分析できることを発見するだろう。抵抗せよ。陰謀が持ち込まれた。塔。

And this is the anagrammatic method.

anagrammatic (アナグラムの) [形] of or relating to an anagram

これがアナグラム法である。

The professor made me great acknowledgments for communicating these observations, and promised to make honorable mention of me in his treatise.

make great acknowledgments (大いに感謝する) [動] express great gratitude

教授は、私がこれらの観察結果を伝えたことを大いに感謝し、論文の中で私のことを名誉ある形で言及すると約束してくれた。

I saw nothing in this country that could invite me to a longer continuance, and began to think of returning home to England.

invite (引き留める) [動] ask someone in a friendly or formal way to go somewhere or do something

continuance (滞在) [名] the state of remaining in existence or in a place

think of (考える) [動] direct one's mind toward someone or something; turn one's thoughts to

この国には、私を長く引き留めるようなものは何も見当たらず、イギリスに帰国することを考え始めた。

CHAPTER VII

第七章

THE AUTHOR LEAVES LAGADO—ARRIVES AT MALDONADA—NO SHIP READY—HE TAKES A SHORT VOYAGE TO GLUBBDUBDRIB—HIS RECEPTION BY THE GOVERNOR.

take (出る) [動] go on

著者はラガドを去るーマルドナダに到着ー船の準備が整っていないー彼はグルブダブドリブへの短い旅に出るー知事による歓迎

The continent, of which this kingdom is a part, extends itself, as I have reason to believe, eastward to that unknown tract of America, westward of California, and north to the Pacific Ocean, which is not above a hundred and fifty miles from Lagado, where there is a good port and much commerce with the great island of Luggnagg, situated to the northwest about 29 degrees north latitude, and 140 longitude.

eastward (東) [副] toward the east

America (アメリカ) [名] the United States of America

Pacific Ocean (太平洋) [名] the largest ocean on Earth

much (多い) [形] great in quantity or degree

commerce (交易) [名] the activity of buying and selling goods and services

Luggnagg (ルグナグ) [名] a fictional island in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

この王国が属する大陸は、私の信じるところでは、東はアメリカの未知の地域、西はカリフォルニア、北は太平洋にまで広がっており、ラガドから百五十マイルも離れていないところには、北緯29度、西経140度に位置する大島ルグナグとの交易が盛んな良港がある。

This island of Luggnagg stands southeastward of Japan, about a hundred leagues distant.

stand (位置する) [動] be in a certain place or position

southeastward (南東) [副] toward the southeast

このルグナグ島は日本の南東に位置し、約百リーグ離れている。

There is a strict alliance between the Japanese emperor and the king of Luggnagg, which affords frequent opportunities of sailing from one island to the other.

Japanese emperor (日本の天皇) [名] the monarch of Japan

日本の天皇とルグナグ王の間には厳しい同盟関係があり、島から島への航海の機会が頻繁にある。

I determined therefore to direct my course this way, in order to my return to Europe.

direct (進む) [動] go straight to or from a place

course (道) [名] a path or route taken

そのため、私はヨーロッパに帰るために、この道を進むことにした。

I hired two mules, with a guide to show me the way, and carry my small baggage.

mule (ラバ) [名] the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse

show (案内する) [動] to guide or direct

私は道案内と小さな荷物を運ぶために、二頭のラバとガイドを雇った。

I took leave of my noble protector, who had shown me so much favor, and made me a generous present at my departure.

私は私に多くの好意を示し、出発の際には気前のいい贈り物をしてくれた高貴な保護者に別れを告げた。

My journey was without any accident or adventure worth relating.

私の旅には語るに値する事故や冒険は何もなかった。

When I arrived at the port of Maldonada (for so it is called) there was no ship in the harbor bound for Luggnagg, nor like to be in some time.

Maldonada (マルドナダ) [名] a port in the story

私がマルドナダ港(そう呼ばれている)に着いた時、港にはラグナグ行きの船はなく、しばらくは来そうにもなかった。

The town is about as large as Portsmouth.

Portsmouth (ポーツマス) [名] a port city in southern England

その町はポーツマスと同じくらいの大きさだ。

I soon fell into some acquaintance, and was very hospitably received.

fall into (知り合う) [動] become acquainted with

hospitably (手厚く) [副] in a friendly and generous way

私はすぐに知り合いができ、とても手厚くもてなされた。

A gentleman of distinction said to me, that since the ships bound for Luggnagg could not be ready in less than a month, it might be no disagreeable amusement for me to take a trip to the little island of Glubbdubdrib, about five leagues off to the southwest.

be ready (準備できる) [動] be in a state of readiness

month (月) [名] one of the twelve divisions of a year

take a trip (旅行する) [動] go on a journey

off (離れた) [前] away from

ある高貴な紳士が私に、ラグナグ行きの船は1ヶ月以内には準備できないので、南西に約5リーグ離れた小さな島、グラブダブリブ島へ旅行するのも悪くない娯楽かもしれないと言った。

He offered himself and a friend to accompany me, and that I should be provided with a small convenient bark for the voyage.

彼は私に同行するために自分と友人を申し出てくれたし、私は航海のために小さな便利な小舟を用意されるべきだった。

Glubbdubdrib, as nearly as I can interpret the word, signifies the Island of Sorcerers or Magicians.

Glubbdubdrib (グラブダブリブ) [名] a fictional island in the story

as nearly as (できる限り) [副] to the greatest extent or degree possible

Sorcerers (魔術師) [名] a person who practices sorcery

Magicians (魔法使い) [名] a person with magical powers

グラブダブリブとは、私が解釈できる限りでは、魔術師や魔法使いの島を意味する。

It is about one-third as large as the Isle of Wight, and extremely fruitful;

one-third (3分の1) [名] one of three equal parts

Isle of Wight (ワイト島) [名] an island off the south coast of England

ワイト島の約3分の1の大きさで、非常に実り豊かである。

it is governed by the head of a certain tribe, who are all magicians.

tribe (部族) [名] a social group or community, typically a group of people who share a common culture, language, religious beliefs, and history and who live as a social unit with a recognized leader

head (長) [名] the person in charge of an organization

magician (魔法使い) [名] a person with supernatural powers

そこはすべて魔法使いであるある部族の長によって統治されている。

This tribe marries only among each other, and the eldest in succession is prince or governor.

among (内で) [前] in the middle of; surrounded by

each other (お互い) [代] used to refer to two or more people or things considered together

eldest (長男) [名] the oldest child in a family

succession (世襲) [名] the action or process of inheriting a title, office, property, etc.

この部族は部族内でのみ結婚し、長男が王子または知事になる。

He has a noble palace, and a park of about three thousand acres, surrounded by a wall of hewn stone twenty feet high.

three thousand (3000) [数] three thousand

twenty feet (20フィート) [数] twenty feet

彼は立派な宮殿と、高さ20フィートの切り石の壁に囲まれた約3000エーカーの公園を持っている。

In this park are several small enclosures for cattle, corn, and gardening.

enclosure (囲い) [名] a structure that confines or encloses

gardening (園芸) [名] the activity of growing plants in a garden

この公園には牛、とうもろこし、園芸用の小さな囲いがいくつかある。

The governor and his family are served and attended by domestics of a kind somewhat unusual.

unusual (変わった) [形] not usual or common

知事とその家族は、ちょっと変わった召使に仕えられている。

By his skill in necromancy, he has a power of calling whom he pleases from the dead, and commanding their service for twenty-four hours, but no longer;

necromancy (降霊術) [名] the supposed practice of communicating with the dead

twenty-four hours (24時間) [名] the period of time from one midnight to the next

no longer (それ以上は) [副] not any more

彼は降霊術の技によって、死者の中から好きな者を呼び出し、24時間だけ彼らに奉仕を命じることができる。

nor can he call the same persons up again in less than three months, except upon very extraordinary occasions.

up (再び) [副] again

three months (3ヶ月) [名] a period of time equal to 90 days

彼はまた、非常に特別な場合を除いて、3ヶ月以内に同じ人物を再び呼び出すことはできません。

When we arrived at the island, which was about eleven in the morning, one of the gentlemen who accompanied me went to the governor and desired admittance for a stranger, who came on purpose to have the honor of attending on his highness.

admittance (入国) [名] the right to enter

have (浴する) [動] experience

highness (殿下) [名] a title of honor for a member of a royal family

私たちが島に着いたのは午前11時頃で、私に同行した紳士の1人が知事のところに行き、殿下に謁見する栄誉に浴するためにわざわざやってきた外国人の入国を許可して欲しいと頼んだ。

This was immediately granted, and we all three entered the gate of the palace between two rows of guards, armed and dressed after a very antic manner, and something in their countenances that made my flesh creep with a horror I cannot express.

dress (服を着る) [動] to put clothes on

creep (粟立つ) [動] to move slowly and carefully

許可はすぐに下り、私たち3人は、非常に奇妙な方法で武装し、服を着た2列の警備員の間を通り抜けて宮殿の門をくぐったのだが、彼らの表情には、言葉では言い表せない恐怖で私の肌が粟立つものがあった。

We passed through several apartments, between servants of the same sort, ranked on each side as before, till we came to the chamber of presence, where after three profound obeisances and a few general questions, we were permitted to sit on three stools near the lowest step of his highness’s throne.

rank (並ぶ) [動] arrange or dispose in a row or rows

obeisance (お辞儀) [名] a gesture of respect

私たちは、前と同じように両側に並んだ同じ種類の召使の間を通り抜けて、いくつかの部屋を通り抜け、謁見の間にたどり着き、そこで三度深くお辞儀をして、いくつかの一般的な質問を受けた後、殿下の玉座の一番下の段の近くにある三つの椅子に座ることを許された。

He understood the language of Balnibarbi, although it were different from that of this island.

彼はバルニバルビ語を理解していたが、それはこの島の言葉とは違っていた。

He desired me to give him some account of my travels;

彼は私に旅の話をしてくれと頼んだ。

and to let me see that I should be treated without ceremony, he dismissed all his attendants with a turn of his finger;

そして、私が儀式なしに扱われることを私に示すために、彼は指を回してすべての従者を解雇した。

at which, to my great astonishment, they vanished in an instant, like visions in a dream when we awake on a sudden.

to my great astonishment (驚いたことに) [副] to my surprise

vanish (消える) [動] disappear suddenly and completely

vision (幻) [名] something that you see or seem to see although it is not really there

on a sudden (突然) [副] quickly and without warning

すると、驚いたことに、彼らは突然目覚めた時の夢の中の幻のように、一瞬のうちに姿を消してしまった。

I could not recover myself in some time, till the governor assured me that I should receive no hurt;

assure (約束する) [動] to make (something) certain; ensure

しばらくは我に返ることができなかったが、知事が私に怪我をさせないと約束してくれた。

and observing my two companions to be under no concern, who had been often entertained in the same manner,

under no concern (心配していない) [形] not worried or anxious

そして、私の二人の仲間が同じように何度ももてなされていたので、心配していないのを見て、

I began to take courage, and related to his highness a short history of my several adventures, yet not without some hesitation, and frequently looking behind me to the place where I had seen those domestic specters.

take courage (勇気を出す) [動] to become brave

short history (短い歴史) [名] a brief account of a series of events

look behind (振り返る) [動] to turn and look in the direction from which one has come

specter (亡霊) [名] a ghost or phantom

私は勇気を出して、私のいくつかの冒険の短い歴史を殿下に話したが、それでも多少の躊躇もなく、また、私がそれらの家庭の亡霊を見た場所を頻繁に振り返った。

I had the honor to dine with the governor, where a new set of ghosts served up the meat, and waited at table.

have the honor (栄誉に浴する) [動] be very pleased or proud to do something

ghost (幽霊) [名] the spirit of a dead person

serve up (運ぶ) [動] bring to the table

wait at table (給仕する) [動] serve food and drinks to people at a meal

私は知事と食事をするという栄誉に浴したが、そこでは新しい幽霊たちが肉を運び、食卓で給仕した。

I now observed myself to be less terrified than I had been in the morning.

私は今、自分が朝よりも恐怖を感じていないことに気づいた。

I stayed till sunset, but humbly desired his highness to excuse me for not accepting his invitation of lodging in the palace.

sunset (日没) [名] the time when the sun goes below the horizon

not accept (受け入れない) [動] refuse to take or receive

invitation (招待) [名] a request for someone to go somewhere or to do something

lodging (宿泊) [名] a place to stay temporarily

私は日没まで滞在したが、宮殿に宿泊するという殿下の招待を受け入れなかったことをお許し願った。

My two friends and I lay at a private house in the town adjoining, which is the capital of this little island;

adjoining (隣接する) [形] next to or touching

capital (首都) [名] the city or town that functions as the seat of government and administrative centre of a country or region

私と二人の友人はこの小さな島の首都である隣接する町の民家に泊まった。

and the next morning we returned to pay our duty to the governor, as he was pleased to command us.

pay (表す) [動] give (something) to (someone) in return for work done, goods received, or a debt incurred

そして翌朝、知事が喜んで命令してくれたので、私たちは知事に敬意を表するために戻った。

After this manner we continued in the island for ten days, most part of every day with the governor, and at night in our lodging.

after this manner (こうして) [副] in this way

most part (ほとんど) [名] the majority of something

at night (夜) [名] the period from sunset to sunrise

こうして私たちは島に十日間滞在し、毎日のほとんどを知事と過ごし、夜は宿に泊まった。

I soon grew so familiarized to the sight of spirits, that after the third or fourth time they gave me no emotion at all;

familiarize (慣れる) [動] make familiar

fourth (四度目) [名] the ordinal number of four

emotion (感情) [名] a strong feeling

私はすぐに霊の姿に慣れてしまい、三度目か四度目には全く感情を抱かなくなった。

or if I had any apprehensions left, my curiosity prevailed over them.

leave (残る) [動] be left over

あるいは、もし何か不安が残っていたとしても、私の好奇心がそれを上回っていた。

For his highness the governor ordered me to call up whatever persons I would choose to name, and in whatever numbers, among all the dead from the beginning of the world to the present time, and command them to answer any questions I should think fit to ask;

beginning (始まり) [名] the point in time or space at which something starts

知事殿は、私が世界の始まりから現在に至るまでの死者の中から、誰でも好きなだけ呼び出し、私が適切と思う質問に答えるように命じてくれたからである。

with this condition, that my questions must be confined within the compass of the times they lived in.

with this condition (ただし) [副] on this condition; with this stipulation

be confined (限定される) [動] be kept within limits

within the compass of (の範囲内に) [前] within the range of

ただし、質問は彼らが生きた時代の範囲内に限定されるという条件付きだった。

And one thing I might depend upon, that they would certainly tell me truth, for lying was a talent of no use in the lower world.

depend upon (頼りにする) [動] rely on

lie (嘘をつく) [動] make an untrue statement with deliberate intent to deceive; utter a falsehood

use (役に立つ) [名] the application of a thing to its purpose

lower world (下界) [名] the world below the earth

そして、私が頼りにできることが一つあった。それは、彼らが必ず真実を語ってくれるということだった。なぜなら、嘘をつくことは下界では役に立たない才能だからである。

I made my humble acknowledgments to his highness for so great a favor.

favor (恩) [名] a kind or helpful act

私は知事殿に、このような大恩に感謝の意を表した。

We were in a chamber whence there was a fair prospect into the park.

fair (美しい) [形] pleasing to the eye or the ear

prospect (景色) [名] a view of landscape

私たちは公園の美しい景色が見える部屋にいた。

And because my first inclination was to be entertained with scenes of pomp and magnificence, I desired to see Alexander the Great at the head of his army, just after the battle of Arbela;

inclination (希望) [名] a feeling that makes you want to do something

be entertained (楽しむ) [動] be amused or diverted

pomp (華麗) [名] a ceremony or display of splendor or grandeur

Alexander the Great (アレキサンダー大王) [名] King of Macedon from 336 BC until his death

just after (直後) [副] immediately after

そして、私の最初の希望は、華麗で壮大な光景を楽しむことだったので、私はアルベラ戦争の直後に、軍隊の先頭に立つアレキサンダー大王を見たいと願った。

which, upon a motion of the governor’s finger, immediately appeared in a large field under the window where we stood.

large (広い) [形] of great or more than average size, extent, or capacity

知事が指を動かすと、私たちが立っている窓の下の広い野原にすぐに現れた。

Alexander was called up into the room;

call up (呼び出す) [動] summon to a higher or more important position or place

アレキサンダーは部屋に呼ばれた。

it was with great difficulty that I understood his Greek, and had but little of my own.

with great difficulty (とても難しく) [副] with a lot of effort

Greek (ギリシャ語) [名] the language of Greece

but little (ほとんどない) [副] only a small amount

彼のギリシャ語を理解するのはとても難しく、私自身のギリシャ語もほとんどなかった。

He assured me upon his honor that he was not poisoned, but died of a fever, by excessive drinking.

poison (毒殺) [名] a substance that is harmful or fatal if introduced into or absorbed by a living organism

fever (熱病) [名] a body temperature above the normal range

drinking (飲酒) [名] the act of drinking

彼は毒殺されたのではなく、過度の飲酒による熱病で死んだと名誉にかけて私に保証した。

Next I saw Hannibal passing the Alps, who told me he had not a drop of vinegar in his camp.

Hannibal (ハンニバル) [名] a Carthaginian general who led an army across the Alps and defeated the Romans at Cannae (247-183 BC)

Alps (アルプス) [名] a mountain range in south-central Europe

drop (一滴) [名] a small round mass of liquid

vinegar (酢) [名] a sour liquid obtained by acetic fermentation of dilute alcoholic liquids and used as a condiment or preservative

camp (陣営) [名] a place with temporary accommodations of huts, tents, or other structures

次に私はハンニバルがアルプスを越えるのを見たが、彼は私に彼の陣営には酢が一滴もないと言った。

I saw Cæsar and Pompey at the head of their troops, just ready to engage.

Cæsar (カエサル) [名] a Roman general and statesman

Pompey (ポンペイ) [名] a Roman general and statesman

engage (交戦する) [動] take part in

私はカエサルとポンペイが軍隊の先頭に立って、まさに交戦の準備をしているのを見た。

I saw the former in his last great triumph.

私は前者の最後の大勝利を見た。

I desired that the senate of Rome might appear before me in one large chamber, and an assembly of somewhat a later age, in counterview, in another.

Rome (ローマ) [名] the capital of Italy

later (後の) [形] coming or happening after the usual or expected time

counterview (別の) [名] a view or opinion that is opposite to another

私はローマの元老院が私の目の前に一つの大きな部屋に現れ、また、それより少し後の時代の議会が別の部屋に現れてほしいと願った。

The first seemed to be an assembly of heroes and demigods;

hero (英雄) [名] a person who is admired for their courage or noble qualities

demigod (半神) [名] a being with partial or lesser divine status, such as a minor deity, the offspring of a god and a mortal, or a mortal raised to divine rank

最初の部屋は英雄や半神の集会のようだった。

the other, a knot of peddlers, pickpockets, highwaymen, and bullies.

pickpocket (スリ) [名] a thief who steals from people's pockets

highwayman (追い剥ぎ) [名] a person who robs travelers on a highway

bully (いじめっ子) [名] a person who hurts, threatens, or intimidates smaller or weaker people

もう一つの部屋は行商人、スリ、追い剥ぎ、いじめっ子の集団だった。

The governor, at my request, gave the sign for Cæsar and Brutus to advance towards us.

request (頼み) [名] an act of asking politely or formally for something

私の頼みで、長官はカエサルとブルータスに私たちの方へ近寄るように合図した。

I was struck with a profound veneration at the sight of Brutus, and could easily discover the most consummate virtue, the greatest intrepidity and firmness of mind, the truest love of his country, and general benevolence for mankind, in every lineament of his countenance.

Brutus (ブルータス) [名] Roman statesman and general

consummate (完全な) [形] complete or perfect in every way

firmness (堅固さ) [名] the quality or state of being firm

benevolence (慈悲) [名] the quality or state of being kind and generous

私はブルータスを見て深い尊敬の念に打たれ、彼の顔のあらゆる線に、最も完全な美徳、最大の勇敢さと心の堅固さ、祖国への真の愛、そして人類への普遍的な慈悲を容易に見つけることができた。

I observed with much pleasure, that these two persons were in good intelligence with each other;

私はこの二人が互いに仲良くしているのをとても嬉しく思った。

and Cæsar freely confessed to me that the greatest actions of his own life were not equal by many degrees to the glory of taking it away.

greatest (最も偉大な) [形] of major significance or importance

take away (奪う) [動] remove or take away something from someone or something

そしてカエサルは、自分の人生で最も偉大な行為は、それを奪うことの栄光には到底及ばないと私に率直に告白した。

I had the honor to have much conversation with Brutus;

私はブルータスと多くの会話をする栄誉に浴した。

and was told that his ancestor Junius, Socrates, Epaminondas, Cato the Younger, Sir Thomas More, and himself, were perpetually together;

Junius (ジュニアス) [名] a Roman family name

Socrates (ソクラテス) [名] a Greek philosopher

Epaminondas (エパミノンダス) [名] a Theban general and statesman

Cato the Younger (若いカトー) [名] a Roman statesman

Sir Thomas More (トーマス・モア卿) [名] an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist

himself (彼自身) [代] that male person or animal

perpetually (永遠に) [副] for all time; eternally

そして彼の先祖のジュニアス、ソクラテス、エパミノンダス、若いカトー、トーマス・モア卿、そして彼自身が永遠に一緒にいると言われました。

a sextumvirate to which all the ages of the world cannot add a seventh.

sextumvirate (六人組) [名] a group of six people who have power

seventh (7番目) [名] the number 7

世界のすべての時代が7番目を加えることができない六人組。

It would be tedious to trouble the reader with relating what vast numbers of illustrious persons were called up, to gratify that insatiable desire I had to see the world in every period of antiquity placed before me.

gratify (満たす) [動] give (someone) pleasure or satisfaction

私の前に置かれた古代のあらゆる時代の世界を見たいという飽くなき欲求を満たすために、どれほど多くの著名人が呼び出されたかについて読者を煩わせるのは退屈なことだろう。

I chiefly fed mine eyes with beholding the destroyers of tyrants and usurpers, and the restorers of liberty to oppressed and injured nations.

tyrant (暴君) [名] a cruel and oppressive ruler

usurper (簒奪者) [名] someone who takes a position of power or importance illegally or by force

oppressed (抑圧された) [形] subjected to harsh and authoritarian treatment

injured (傷ついた) [形] harmed or damaged

私は主に暴君や簒奪者の破壊者、そして抑圧され傷ついた国々への自由の回復者を見ることで私の目を養った。

But it is impossible to express the satisfaction I received in my own mind, after such a manner as to make it a suitable entertainment to the reader.

しかし、読者に適切な娯楽となるような方法で、私が自分の心の中で受けた満足感を表現することは不可能である。

CHAPTER VIII

第8章

A FURTHER ACCOUNT OF GLUBBDUBDRIB—ANCIENT AND MODERN HISTORY CORRECTED.

further (さらなる) [形] more or greater in quantity, degree, or extent

グルブダブドリブのさらなる説明ー古代と現代史の訂正。

Having a desire to see those ancients who were most renowned for wit and learning, I set apart one day on purpose.

have a desire to (したいという欲求を抱く) [動] want to do something

set apart (割く) [動] reserve for a special purpose

one day (一日) [名] a period of 24 hours

機知と学識で最も有名な古代人たちに会いたいという欲求を抱いて、私はわざわざ一日を割いた。

I proposed that Homer and Aristotle might appear at the head of all their commentators;

Homer (ホメロス) [名] the legendary author of the Iliad and the Odyssey

Aristotle (アリストテレス) [名] a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece

commentator (注釈者) [名] a person who provides commentary on a particular subject

私はホメロスとアリストテレスが彼らのすべての注釈者の先頭に現れるかもしれないと提案した。

but these were so numerous that some hundreds were forced to attend in the court and outward rooms of the palace.

numerous (多い) [形] consisting of a great number

hundreds (数百) [名] the number 100 multiplied by another number

the (その) [限] used to refer to a particular person or thing that has already been mentioned or is already known about

しかし、これらは非常に多く、数百人が宮廷や宮殿の外側の部屋に出席することを余儀なくされた。

I knew and could distinguish those two heroes at first sight, not only from the crowd, but from each other.

at first sight (一目で) [副] the first time someone sees something

私はこの二人の英雄を、群衆からだけでなく、互いに一目で区別することができた。

Homer was the taller and comelier person of the two, walked very erect for one of his age, and his eyes were the most quick and piercing I ever beheld.

quick (素早い) [形] moving or capable of moving with great speed

piercing (鋭い) [形] very sharp or pointed

ホメロスは二人の中では背が高く、容姿端麗で、年齢の割にはとても背筋を伸ばして歩き、その目は私が今まで見た中で最も素早くて鋭かった。

Aristotle stooped much, and made use of a staff.

stoop (かがめる) [動] bend one's head or body forward and downward

アリストテレスは腰をかがめて杖をついていた。

His visage was meager, his hair lank and thin, and his voice hollow.

visage (顔) [名] the face, especially the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

lank (細い) [形] long and straight and limp

thin (細い) [形] having little flesh or fat on the body

彼の顔は貧弱で、髪は細く、声はくぐもっていた。

I soon discovered that both of them were perfect strangers to the rest of the company, and had never seen or heard of them before.

perfect stranger (全く見知らぬ人) [名] a person whom one has never met before

rest (他の人々) [名] the remaining part of something

私はすぐに、この二人が他の人々にとって全く見知らぬ人であり、これまで見たことも聞いたこともないことを知った。

And I had a whisper from a ghost, who shall be nameless, that these commentators always kept in the most distant quarters from their principals, in the lower world, through a consciousness of shame and guilt, because they had so horribly misrepresented the meaning of those authors to posterity.

nameless (名もない) [形] having no name

keep (住む) [動] live in or at

quarter (場所) [名] a place where people live

horribly (恐ろしく) [副] in a shocking or horrifying way

misrepresent (誤って伝える) [動] give an inaccurate or misleading account of

そして、名を伏せておくが、ある幽霊から、これらの注釈者は、恥と罪の意識から、下界では常に主君から最も遠い場所に住んでいると聞いた。なぜなら、彼らはこれらの著者の意味を後世に恐ろしく誤って伝えたからである。

I introduced Didymus and Eustathius to Homer, and prevailed on him to treat them better than perhaps they deserved, for he soon found they wanted a genius to enter into the spirit of a poet.

introduce (紹介する) [動] make someone known to someone else

Didymus (ディディムス) [名] a Greek grammarian

Eustathius (エウスタティウス) [名] a Greek grammarian

prevail on (説得する) [動] persuade someone to do something

genius (才能) [名] exceptional intellectual or creative power or other natural ability

私はディディムスとエウスタティウスをホメロスに紹介し、彼らに相応しい以上の扱いをするよう説得した。ホメロスはすぐに、彼らには詩人の精神を理解する才能が欠けていることを悟った。

But Aristotle was out of all patience with the account I gave him of Scotus and Ramus, as I presented them to him, and he asked them whether the rest of the tribe were as great dunces as themselves.

out of patience (我慢できない) [形] having no more patience

Scotus (スコトゥス) [名] a Scottish philosopher and theologian

Ramus (ラミュス) [名] a French philosopher and logician

great dunce (大馬鹿者) [名] a person who is stupid or foolish

しかし、アリストテレスは、私がスコトゥスとラミュスを紹介したとき、私が彼に話した内容に我慢できず、他の部族も彼らと同じように大馬鹿者なのかどうかを尋ねた。

I then desired the governor to call up Descartes and Gassendi, with whom I prevailed to explain their systems to Aristotle.

desire (言い) [動] express a wish or hope

Descartes (デカルト) [名] French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist

Gassendi (ガッセンディ) [名] French philosopher, priest, scientist, and mathematician

system (体系) [名] a set of things working together as a mechanism or interconnecting network

そこで私は知事にデカルトとガッセンディを呼び出してもらいたいと言い、彼らに自分の体系をアリストテレスに説明するよう説得した。

This great philosopher freely acknowledged his own mistakes in natural philosophy, because he proceeded in many things upon conjecture, as all men must do;

natural philosophy (自然哲学) [名] the study of nature and the physical universe that was dominant before the development of modern science

この偉大な哲学者は、自然哲学における自分の過ちを率直に認めていた。なぜなら、彼は多くのことを推測で進めていたからである。

and he found that Gassendi, who had made the doctrine of Epicurus as palatable as he could, and the vortices of Descartes, were equally exploded.

Epicurus (エピクロス) [名] an ancient Greek philosopher

palatable (受け入れやすい) [形] acceptable or satisfactory

vortex (渦動) [名] a mass of whirling fluid or air

explode (否定する) [動] to cause to be rejected or discarded

そして、エピクロスの教義をできるだけ受け入れやすくしたガッセンディとデカルトの渦動説が同じように否定されていることを知った。

He predicted the same fate to attraction, whereof the present learned are such zealous assertors.

predict (予言する) [動] say or estimate that (a specified thing) will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something

attraction (引力) [名] the action or power of evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something

assertor (主張者) [名] a person who makes a statement or assertion

彼は、現在の学者たちが熱心に主張している引力にも同じ運命が待ち受けていると予言した。

He said that new systems of nature were but new fashions which would vary in every age;

but (に過ぎない) [接] only; just

vary (変化する) [動] be different from one another

彼は、自然の新しい体系は、時代ごとに変化する新しい流行に過ぎないと言った。

and even those who pretend to demonstrate them from mathematical principles, would flourish but a short period of time, and be out of vogue when that was determined.

short period of time (短期間) [名] a brief period of time

be out of vogue (流行遅れになる) [動] to no longer be fashionable or popular

そして、数学的原理からそれらを証明するふりをする者でさえ、短期間のうちに栄え、それが決定されると流行遅れになるだろう。

I spent five days in conversing with many others of the ancient learned.

many others (他の多くの) [名] a large number of people or things

私は五日間、他の多くの古代の学者たちと会話に耽った。

I saw most of the first Roman emperors.

Roman (ローマ) [形] of or relating to Rome or its people or culture

私は最初のローマ皇帝のほとんどに会った。

I prevailed on the governor to call up Eliogabulus’s cooks to dress us a dinner, but they could not show us much of their skill, for want of materials.

dress (支度する) [動] prepare

私は知事に頼んで、エリオガバルスの料理人を呼び、夕食の支度をしてもらったが、材料がなくて、あまり腕前を見せてもらうことはできなかった。

A helot of Agesilaus made us a dish of Spartan broth, but I was not able to get down a second spoonful.

Agesilaus (アゲシラオス) [名] a Spartan king

helot (奴隷) [名] a member of the lowest class of serfs in ancient Sparta

Spartan (スパルタの) [形] of or relating to Sparta or its people

broth (スープ) [名] a soup made from meat or vegetables

spoonful (一口) [名] the amount that a spoon will hold

アゲシラオスの奴隷がスパルタのスープを作ってくれたが、私は二口目を食べることができなかった。

The two gentlemen who conducted me to the island were pressed by their private affairs to return in three days, which I employed in seeing some of the modern dead, who had made the greatest figure for two or three hundred years past, in our own and other countries of Europe;

private affair (私用) [名] a matter that is of concern to an individual

figure (人物) [名] a person of importance

私を島に案内してくれた二人の紳士は、私用で三日以内に帰らなければならなかったので、私はその間に、この二、三百年の間にイギリスやヨーロッパの他の国々で最も偉大な人物となった近代の死者を何人か訪ねた。

and having been always a great admirer of old illustrious families, I desired the governor would call up a dozen or two of kings, with their ancestors in order, for eight or nine generations.

admirer (憧れる) [名] a person who greatly admires someone or something

generation (代) [名] all of the people born and living at about the same time

私は昔から名門の家系に憧れていたので、知事に頼んで、十数人の王様とその先祖を八、九代にわたって呼び出してもらいました。

But my disappointment was grievous and unexpected.

grievous (悲惨な) [形] causing a lot of pain or suffering

unexpected (予想外) [形] not expected or regarded as likely to happen

しかし、私の失望は悲惨で、予想外のものだった。

For, instead of a long train with royal diadems, I saw in one family two fiddlers, three spruce courtiers, and an Italian prelate.

instead of (代わりに) [前] as an alternative to

train (列) [名] a series of connected vehicles that is pulled by a locomotive and runs on a track

diadem (王冠) [名] a crown

fiddler (フィドル奏者) [名] a person who plays the fiddle

spruce (樅) [名] a coniferous tree

Italian (イタリア) [形] of or relating to Italy or its people or language

prelate (高位聖職者) [名] a high-ranking member of the clergy

王冠を戴いた長い列の代わりに、ある家系では二人のフィドル奏者、三人の樅の廷臣、そして一人のイタリアの高位聖職者を見たのです。

In another, a barber, an abbot, and two cardinals.

abbot (修道院長) [名] the head of a monastery

cardinal (枢機卿) [名] a priest of the highest rank in the Roman Catholic Church

別の家系では、床屋、修道院長、そして二人の枢機卿を見ました。

I have too great a veneration for crowned heads to dwell any longer on so nice a subject.

have a veneration (尊敬する) [動] to regard with deep respect

crowned head (王冠を戴いた頭) [名] a monarch

dwell (深入りする) [動] to think or write about something at length

nice (微妙な) [形] requiring great care, tact, or skill

私は王冠を戴いた頭をあまりにも尊敬しているので、これ以上このような微妙な話題に深入りすることはできない。

But as to counts, marquises, dukes, earls, and the like, I was not so scrupulous.

count (伯爵) [名] a European nobleman

earl (伯爵) [名] a European nobleman

and the like (など) [名] and similar things

not so (それほど~ない) [副] not as much

scrupulous (慎重な) [形] very careful about doing something in a correct and honest way

しかし、伯爵、侯爵、公爵、伯爵などについては、私はそれほど慎重ではありませんでした。

And I confess it was not without some pleasure that I found myself able to trace the particular features by which certain families are distinguished, up to their originals.

trace (たどる) [動] follow the course or development of

original (起源) [名] the earliest form of something

そして、ある種の家系を区別する特徴をその起源までたどることができることに、私は多少の喜びを感じたことを告白します。

I could plainly discover from whence one family derives a long chin;

derive (受け継ぐ) [動] receive or obtain from a specified source

ある家系が長い顎をどこから受け継いだのかはっきりと分かりました。

why a second has abounded with knaves for two generations, and fools for two more;

second (二代) [名] the unit of time equal to 1/60 of a minute

なぜ二代にわたって悪党が続いたのか、さらに二代にわたって愚か者が続いたのか、

why a third happened to be crack-brained, and a fourth to be sharpers;

crack-brained (頭がおかしい) [形] crazy; insane

sharper (詐欺師) [名] a person who swindles you by means of deception or fraud

なぜ三代目は頭がおかしくなったのか、四代目は詐欺師になったのか、

whence it came, what Polydore Virgil says of a certain great house, _Nec vir fortis;

Polydore Virgil (ポリドール・ヴァージル) [名] an Italian Renaissance historian

ポリドール・ヴァージルが、ある名門について「勇敢な男も、

nec fæmina casta_;

nec (ない) [接] and not

fæmina (女) [名] a woman

casta (貞淑な) [形] chaste

貞淑な女もいない」と述べたのはなぜか、

how cruelty, falsehood, and cowardice grew to be characteristics by which certain families are distinguished as much as by their coat of arms.

cruelty (残酷さ) [名] behaviour that causes pain or suffering to others

falsehood (虚偽) [名] a false statement made with deliberate intent to deceive; an intentional untruth; a lie

cowardice (臆病さ) [名] lack of courage to face danger, difficulty, or pain

characteristic (特徴) [名] a feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify it

coat of arms (紋章) [名] a design or symbol that represents a family, an organization, or a country

残酷さ、虚偽、臆病さといったものが、紋章と同じくらいある家系の特徴となったのはなぜか、

Neither could I wonder at all this, when I saw such an interruption of lineages, by pages, lackeys, valets, coachmen, gamesters, captains, and pickpockets.

lackey (従僕) [名] a male servant

valet (従者) [名] a man's personal attendant

gamester (賭博師) [名] a person who gambles

interruption (割り込み) [名] the stoppage of an activity

lineage (家系) [名] a sequence of ancestors in a line of descent

小姓、従私、従者、御者、賭博師、船長、スリといった連中が家系に割り込んでくるのを見ると、私はこのすべてに驚くこともできなかった。

I was chiefly disgusted with modern history.

disgusted (嫌気がさす) [形] feeling a strong dislike of something

私は主に近代史に嫌気がさしていた。

For having strictly examined all the persons of greatest name in the courts of princes for a hundred years past, I found how the world had been misled by prostitute writers, to ascribe the greatest exploits in war to cowards, the wisest counsel to fools, sincerity to flatterers, Roman virtue to betrayers of their country, piety to atheists, truth to informers;

past hundred years (過去百年間) [名] the period of time from 100 years ago to the present

strictly examine (厳密に調べる) [動] to inspect or investigate thoroughly

all the persons (すべての人物) [名] every person

greatest name (最も名の知れた) [形] most famous

princes (王侯) [名] a son of a king or queen

mislead (誤った方向に導く) [動] to cause to have a wrong idea or impression

counsel (助言) [名] advice, especially that given formally

sincerity (誠実さ) [名] the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; honesty

flatterer (へつらい屋) [名] a person who praises someone too much, especially in order to get something from them

Roman virtue (ローマの美徳) [名] the moral and ethical values that were held to be important by the ancient Romans

betrayer (裏切り者) [名] a person who betrays someone or something

atheist (無神論者) [名] a person who disbelieves or lacks belief in the existence of God or gods

過去百年間の王侯の宮廷で最も名の知れた人物をすべて厳密に調べてみると、この世がいかにして売春婦のような作家たちによって誤った方向に導かれ、戦争での偉業が臆病者に、最も賢明な助言が愚か者に、誠実さがへつらい屋に、ローマの美徳が祖国の裏切り者に、信心深さが無神論者に、真実が密告者に帰せられてきたかが分かった。

how many innocent and excellent persons had been condemned to death or banishment by the practicing of great ministers upon the corruption of judges, and the malice of factions;

how many (どれほど多くの) [限] what number of

practicing (策略) [名] the action of regularly playing a musical instrument or singing

great (大臣たち) [形] of an extent, amount, or intensity considerably above average

faction (党派) [名] a small organized dissenting group within a larger one

どれほど多くの無実で優れた人々が、大臣たちの策略や裁判官の腐敗、党派の悪意によって死刑や追放を宣告されたか、

how many villains had been exalted to the highest places of trust, power, dignity, and profit;

villain (悪党) [名] a wicked person

be exalted (昇りつめる) [動] be raised to a higher rank or position

trust (信頼) [名] the firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something

profit (利益) [名] a financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something

どれほど多くの悪党が信頼、権力、威厳、利益の最高の地位にまで昇りつめたか、

how great a share in the motions and events of courts, councils, and senates might be challenged by pimps, parasites, and buffoons.

how great (どれほど多くの) [形] of a large size or extent

share (部分) [名] a portion of something

motion (動向) [名] a proposal for action

challenge (左右される) [動] dispute the truth or validity of

pimp (ポン引き) [名] a man who controls prostitutes and arranges clients for them

parasite (寄生虫) [名] an organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense

buffoon (道化師) [名] a person who amuses others by ridiculous behavior

どれほど多くの悪党が信頼、権力、威厳、利益の最高の地位にまで昇りつめたか、宮廷、評議会、上院の動向や出来事のどれほど多くの部分が、ポン引き、寄生虫、道化師によって左右されているかが分かった。

How low an opinion I had of human wisdom and integrity when I was truly informed of the springs and motives of great enterprises and revolutions in the world, and of the contemptible accidents to which they owed their success!

spring (原動力) [名] the source of a stream or river

enterprise (大事業) [名] a business or company

世界の大事業や革命の原動力や動機、そしてそれらの成功をもたらした卑劣な出来事を真に知ったとき、私は人間の知恵と誠実さをどれほど低く評価したことか!

Here I discovered the roguery and ignorance of those who pretend to write anecdotes, or secret history;

roguery (悪党ぶり) [名] the behavior of a rogue

anecdote (逸話) [名] a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person

ここで私は、逸話や秘密の歴史を書くふりをする人の悪党ぶりと無知を発見した。

who send so many kings to their graves with a cup of poison;

grave (墓場) [名] a location where dead bodies (typically that of a human, although sometimes that of an animal) are buried

毒杯で多くの王を墓場に送り、

will repeat the discourse between a prince and a chief minister, where no witness was by;

目撃者がいないところでの王子と大臣の会話を繰り返し、

unlock the thoughts and cabinets of ambassadors and secretaries of state;

unlock (解き明かす) [動] open or release by unlocking

secretary of state (国務長官) [名] the head of the United States Department of State

大使や国務長官の考えや内閣の秘密を解き明かす。

and have the perpetual misfortune to be mistaken.

have (抱えている) [動] experience or feel

be mistaken (誤解される) [動] be wrong about something

そして、誤解されるという永続的な不幸を抱えている。

Here I discovered the secret causes of many great events that have surprised the world.

surprise (驚かせる) [動] cause to feel or show surprise

ここで私は世界を驚かせた多くの大事件の秘密の原因を発見した。

A general confessed in my presence, that he got a victory purely by the force of cowardice and ill conduct;

victory (勝利) [名] an act of defeating an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition

purely (純粋に) [副] in a pure manner

cowardice (臆病) [名] lack of courage or bravery

ill conduct (悪行) [名] bad behavior

ある将軍は私の前で、彼が勝利を得たのは純粋に臆病と悪行の力によるものだったことを告白した。

and an admiral, that for want of proper intelligence, he beat the enemy to whom he intended to betray the fleet.

beat (打ち負かす) [動] defeat or overcome in a battle or other competition

ある提督は、適切な情報がないために、艦隊を裏切ろうとしていた敵を打ち負かしてしまったと告白した。

Three kings protested to me, that in their whole reigns they did never once prefer any person of merit, unless by mistake or treachery of some minister in whom they confided;

treachery (裏切り) [名] the act of betraying someone or something

confide (信頼する) [動] tell someone about a secret or private matter while trusting them not to repeat it to others

三人の王は私に、彼らの全治世において、彼らが信頼する大臣の過ちや裏切りがない限り、一度も功績のある人物を優遇したことがないと抗議した。

neither would they do it if they were to live again;

would (だろう) [助] used to express a strong intention or determination

彼らが再び生き返ったとしても、そうすることはないだろう。

and they showed, with great strength of reason, that the royal throne could not be supported without corruption, because that positive, confident, restive temper which virtue infused into man, was a perpetual clog to public business.

royal throne (王位) [名] the position of being a king or queen

infuse (吹き込む) [動] fill or pervade

temper (気質) [名] a person's state of mind seen in terms of their behavior

public business (公務) [名] the business of the government

clog (障害) [名] something that makes progress or movement difficult

そして彼らは、王位は腐敗なしには支えられないということを、強い論拠をもって示した。なぜなら、徳が人間に吹き込むあの積極的で自信に満ちた反抗的な気質は、公務の永続的な障害となるからである。

I had the curiosity to inquire in a particular manner, by what method great numbers had procured to themselves high titles of honor, and prodigious estates;

have the curiosity (知りたくなる) [動] want to know something

particular (特に) [形] specific

great number (多くの) [名] a large number

high title (高い名誉) [名] a title of high rank

prodigious (莫大な) [形] amazingly or impressively great in extent, size, or degree

私は、多くの人がどのような方法で高い名誉や莫大な財産を手に入れたのか、特に知りたくなった。

and I confined my inquiry to a very modern period;

そして、私は調査をごく最近の時代に限定した。

however, without grating upon present times because I would be sure to give no offense even to foreigners;

give offense (不快感を与える) [動] cause someone to feel resentful, upset, or annoyed

しかし、私は外国人にも不快感を与えないように、現代の時代には触れないようにした。

for I hope the reader need not be told, that I do not in the least intend my own country in what I say upon this occasion.

need not (必要がない) [動] not have to

I do not (私は~しない) [動] I don't

in the least (少しも~ない) [副] not at all

my own country (自分の国) [名] the country where I live

what I say (私が言うこと) [名] the thing that I say

upon this occasion (この機会に) [名] at this time

私がこの機会に言うことで、自分の国を少しも意図していないことは、読者に言う必要がないことと思う。

A great number of persons concerned were called up, and upon a very slight examination, discovered such a scene of infamy, that I cannot reflect upon it without some seriousness.

concerned (関係する) [形] involved or interested in something

call up (召喚する) [動] summon

slight (簡単な) [形] small in degree; inconsiderable

examination (取り調べ) [名] an official inspection or investigation

such (こんな) [限] of the type previously mentioned

infamy (恥ずべき事態) [名] the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed

reflect (考える) [動] think carefully about something

without (せずに) [前] not having or not doing something

関係者多数が召喚され、ごく簡単な取り調べで、こんな恥ずべき事態が発覚したので、私は真面目に考えずにはいられない。

Perjury, oppression, subornation, fraud, panderism, and the like infirmities, were among the most excusable arts they had to mention;

perjury (偽証) [名] the intentional act of swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters material to an official proceeding

oppression (弾圧) [名] the exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner

subornation (教唆) [名] the crime of persuading or influencing a person to commit perjury

panderism (売春斡旋) [名] the act or business of a pander; procuring

excusable (許しがたい) [形] able to be excused or forgiven

偽証、弾圧、教唆、詐欺、売春斡旋、その他諸々の悪徳は、彼らが言及せざるを得なかった最も許しがたい技の一つだった。

and for these I gave, as it was reasonable, great allowance.

give (認める) [動] to agree that something is true or valid

as (当然のことながら) [接] used to show that something is the result or effect of something else

reasonable (当然) [形] fair and sensible

allowance (認めること) [名] the amount of money that is given to someone regularly, especially by their parents

そして、これらについては、当然のことながら、私は大いに認めた。

But when some confessed they owed their greatness and wealth to vice;

greatness (偉大さ) [名] the quality of being great

wealth (富) [名] a great quantity of money or valuable possessions

しかし、何人かが自分の偉大さと富を悪徳のおかげだと告白した時、

others to the betraying their country or their prince;

他の者は自分の国や君主を裏切ったおかげだと告白した時、

some to poisoning, more to the perverting of justice in order to destroy the innocent, I hope I may be pardoned if these discoveries inclined me a little to abate of that profound veneration which I am naturally apt to pay to persons of high rank, who ought to be treated with the utmost respect due to their sublime dignity, by us their inferiors.

poisoning (毒殺) [名] the act of killing someone by poison

perverting (曲げる) [動] cause to turn aside from the proper or true course

inclined (薄める) [動] be disposed or willing

abate (薄める) [動] make or become less in amount, degree, or intensity

naturally (生まれつき) [副] in a natural manner

apt (抱きがちな) [形] having a tendency to do something

high rank (高位) [名] a position of great importance or influence

何人かは毒殺のおかげだと、さらに多くの者は無実の者を滅ぼすために正義を曲げたおかげだと告白した時、これらの発見によって、私のような下位の者が、その崇高な威厳にふさわしい最大限の敬意を払うべき高位の人物に対して、私が生まれつき抱きがちな深い尊敬の念を少しでも薄めてしまったとしても、許してもらえると思う。

I had often read of some great services done to princes and states, and desired to see the persons by whom those services were performed.

私は、君主や国家に対してなされた偉大な功績についてよく読んでいて、その功績を成し遂げた人物に会いたいと願っていた。

Upon inquiry, I was told that their names were to be found on no record, except a few of them whom history has represented as the vilest rogues and traitors.

upon inquiry (尋ねてみると) [副] after asking

be found (残っていない) [動] be present or available

represent (描かれている) [動] depict or portray

尋ねてみると、歴史上最も卑劣な悪党や裏切り者として描かれている数人を除いて、彼らの名前は記録に残っていないとのことだった。

As to the rest, I had never once heard of them.

hear of (聞いたことがある) [動] be aware of the existence or occurrence of

残りの者については、一度も聞いたことがなかった。

They all appeared with dejected looks, and in the meanest habit, most of them telling me they died in poverty and disgrace, and the rest on a scaffold or a gibbet.

dejected (落ち込んだ) [形] sad and depressed

meanest (みすぼらしい) [形] of very poor quality or condition

poverty (貧困) [名] the state of being extremely poor

gibbet (絞首台) [名] a gallows with a projecting arm from which the bodies of executed criminals were formerly hung in chains as a warning

彼らは皆、落ち込んだ様子で、みすぼらしい身なりで現れ、そのほとんどが貧困と不名誉の中で死んだと言い、残りは処刑台や絞首台で死んだと言った。

Among the rest there was one person whose case appeared a little singular.

case (経歴) [名] a particular situation or event

singular (変わった) [形] very good or unusual

残りの者の中に、少し変わった経歴の人物がいた。

He had a youth about eighteen years old standing by his side.

youth (若者) [名] a young person

eighteen years old (十八歳) [名] the age of a person who has lived for eighteen years

彼の横には十八歳くらいの若者が立っていた。

He told me he had for many years been commander of a ship, and in the sea fight at Actium had the good fortune to break through the enemies’ great line of battle, sink three of their capital ships, and take a fourth, which was the sole cause of Antony’s flight, and of the victory that insued;

for many years (長年) [副] for a long time

at Actium (アクティウム) [名] a promontory and town in ancient Greece

sea fight (海戦) [名] a battle between ships at sea

break through (突破する) [動] to force a way through

great line of battle (戦列) [名] a line of soldiers or warships

sink (撃沈する) [動] to cause to go below the surface of water

take (拿捕する) [動] to seize, capture, or arrest

fourth (四隻目) [名] the number 4 in a series

sole cause (唯一の原因) [名] the only thing that makes something happen

Antony (アントニー) [名] a Roman statesman and general

flight (逃亡) [名] the act of running away

insued (その後) [動] to follow as a consequence

彼は長年船の司令官を務め、アクティウムの海戦では幸運にも敵の戦列を突破し、敵の主力艦三隻を撃沈し、四隻目を拿捕したのが、アントニーの逃亡とその後の勝利の唯一の原因だった、と語った。

that the youth standing by him, his only son, was killed in the action.

only son (一人息子) [名] a male child who has no siblings

be killed (戦死した) [動] die a violent or unnatural death

彼の横に立っている若者は彼の一人息子で、その戦いで戦死したという。

He added that upon the confidence of some merit, this war being at an end, he went to Rome, and solicited at the court of Augustus to be preferred to a greater ship, whose commander had been killed;

solicit (懇願する) [動] ask for or try to obtain something from someone

Augustus (アウグストゥス) [名] the first Roman emperor

彼はまた、この戦争が終わり、自分の功績に自信を持ち、ローマに行き、アウグストゥスの宮廷で、司令官が戦死したより大きな船に昇進させてくれるよう懇願した。

but without any regard to his pretensions, it was given to a youth who had never seen the sea, the son of Libertina, who waited on one of the emperor’s mistresses.

without any regard to (全く考慮されず) [副] without taking something into account

pretension (要求) [名] a claim to something

しかし、彼の要求は全く考慮されず、その船は海を見たこともない若者、皇帝の愛人の一人に仕えるリベルティナの息子に与えられた。

Returning to his own vessel, he was charged with neglect of duty, and the ship given to a favorite page of Publicola, the vice-admiral;

charge (告発する) [動] accuse formally of a crime

neglect (怠慢) [名] the trait of neglecting things

duty (職務) [名] a task or action that one is required to perform

Publicola (プブリコラ) [名] a Roman statesman

自分の船に戻ると、彼は職務怠慢の罪で告発され、その船は副提督プブリコラのお気に入りの小姓に与えられた。

whereupon he retired to a poor farm at a great distance from Rome, and there ended his life.

farm (農場) [名] an area of land and its buildings used for growing crops and rearing animals

great distance (遠く) [名] a long way

end (終える) [動] bring or come to a conclusion

そこで彼はローマから遠く離れた貧しい農場に引退し、そこで人生を終えた。

I was so curious to know the truth of this story, that I desired Agrippa might be called, who was admiral in that fight.

Agrippa (アグリッパ) [名] a Roman statesman and general

might be called (呼んでほしい) [動] to be given a name or title

私はこの話の真相を知りたいと思ったので、その戦いの提督だったアグリッパを呼んでほしいと頼んだ。

He appeared, and confirmed the whole account;

彼が現れ、その話をすべて認めた。

but with much more advantage to the captain, whose modesty had extenuated or concealed a great part of his merit.

with much more advantage (もっと有利だった) [名] with a greater benefit

extenuate (軽視する) [動] to lessen or try to lessen the seriousness of

しかし、その船長は謙虚さから自分の功績の大部分を軽視したり隠したりしていたので、その船長にとってはもっと有利だった。

I was surprised to find corruption grown so high and so quick in that empire, by the force of luxury so lately introduced;

be surprised (驚く) [動] feel or show surprise

so high (これほどまでに) [副] to such a great degree or extent

so quick (急速に) [副] very quickly

in that empire (この帝国で) [名] a group of countries or states under the control of a single ruler

by the force of (によって) [前] with the help of

luxury (贅沢) [名] a state of great comfort or elegance, especially when involving great expense

私は、つい最近導入された贅沢の力によって、この帝国で腐敗がこれほどまでに急速に広がっていることに驚いた。

which made me less wonder at many parallel cases in other countries, where vices of all kinds have reigned so much longer, and where the whole praise as well as pillage has been engrossed by the chief commander, who perhaps had the least title to either.

case (事例) [名] an instance of something occurring

reign (支配する) [動] be in power

praise (賞賛) [名] an expression of approval or admiration

pillage (略奪) [名] the violent and dishonest taking of property

title (権利) [名] a right to something

そのため、他の国々であらゆる種類の悪徳がずっと長く支配し、略奪と同様に賞賛のすべてが、おそらくどちらも最も権利のない最高司令官に独占されている多くの類似した事例にあまり驚かなくなった。

As every person called up made exactly the same appearance he had done in the world, it gave me melancholy reflections to observe how much the race of human kind was degenerate among us, within these hundred years past.

every person (誰もが) [名] each person

reflection (沈む) [名] a result of careful thought

hundred years (百年) [名] a period of 100 years

past (過ぎ去った) [形] gone by in time

呼び出された人は皆、この世でしていたことと全く同じことをしていたので、この百年の間に人類がどれほど退化してしまったかを目の当たりにして、私は悲しみに沈んだ。

I descended so low as to desire that some English yeomen of the old stamp might be summoned to appear, once so famous for the simplicity of their manners, diet, and dress;

old stamp (古い型) [名] a person of a former type

summon (召喚する) [動] call or send for

simplicity (簡素さ) [名] the quality or condition of being simple

私は、かつてその作法、食事、服装の簡素さで有名だった、古い型のイギリスのヨーマンを召喚して欲しいと願うほど落ち込んだ。

for justice in their dealings;

取引の公正さ、

for their true spirit of liberty;

真の自由の精神、

for their valor, and love of their country.

勇気、そして国を愛する心で有名だった。

Neither could I be wholly unmoved after comparing the living with the dead, when I considered how all these pure native virtues were prostituted for a piece of money by their grandchildren, who, in selling their votes and managing at elections, have acquired every vice and corruption that can possibly be learned in a court.

living (生者) [名] a person who is alive

pure (純粋な) [形] not mixed with anything else

native (生来の) [形] belonging to a person or thing by nature

prostitute (売春する) [動] to sell or offer one's body for sexual intercourse

grandchild (孫) [名] a child of one's son or daughter

election (選挙) [名] the process of choosing a person or group of people for a position, especially a political position

生者と死者を比べた後、私は、これらの純粋な生来の美徳が、彼らの孫たちによって、いかに金のために売春されているかを考え、全く心を動かされないわけにはいかなかった。彼らの孫たちは、投票を売り、選挙で不正を働き、宮廷で学びうるあらゆる悪徳と腐敗を身につけていた。

CHAPTER IX

第九章

THE AUTHOR’S RETURN TO MALDONADA—SAILS TO THE KINGDOM OF LUGGNAGG—THE AUTHOR CONFINED—HE IS SENT FOR TO COURT—THE MANNER OF HIS ADMITTANCE—THE KING’S GREAT LENITY TO HIS SUBJECTS.

return (帰還) [名] the act of going back to a place

confine (監禁) [動] keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits

著者のマルドナダへの帰還ーラグナグ王国への航海ー著者の監禁ー宮廷に召喚されるー入廷の様子ー臣下に対する国王の寛大さ

The day of our departure being come, I took leave of his highness the governor of Glubbdubdrib, and returned with my two companions to Maldonada, where, after a fortnight’s waiting, a ship was ready to sail for Luggnagg.

waiting (待つ) [動] stay in one place until someone or something arrives

出発の日が来たので、私はグラブダブドリブの知事殿に別れを告げ、二人の仲間とマルドナダに戻り、そこで二週間待った後、ラグナグに向けて出航する船が用意された。

The two gentlemen and some others were so generous and kind as to furnish me with provisions, and see me on board.

二人の紳士と他の何人かは、私に食料を支給し、船に乗せてくれるほど寛大で親切だった。

I was a month in this voyage.

be a month (一ヶ月かかる) [動] take a month

この航海には一ヶ月かかった。

We had one violent storm, and were under a necessity of steering westward to get into the trade wind, which holds for above sixty leagues.

steer (進路を変更する) [動] guide or control the course of

westward (西に向かって) [副] toward the west

trade wind (貿易風) [名] a wind blowing almost constantly toward the equator from the northeast in the northern hemisphere and from the southeast in the southern hemisphere

hold (続く) [動] continue without interruption

一度激しい嵐に遭い、西に向かって進路を変更して、六十リーグ以上も続く貿易風に乗る必要があった。

On the 21st of April, 1709, we sailed into the river of Clumegnig, which is a seaport town, at the southeast point of Luggnagg.

21st (二十一日) [名] the ordinal number of twenty-one

1709 (一七〇九年) [名] the year one thousand seven hundred and nine

into (に入る) [前] to the inside of

Clumegnig (クルーメグニグ) [名] a seaport town in Luggnagg

which (それは) [代] that which; the thing that

at (にある) [前] in the place or position of

point (端) [名] the sharp or tapered end of something

一七〇九年四月二十一日、我々はラグナグの南東端にある港町、クルーメグニグの川に船で入った。

We cast anchor within a league of the town, and made a signal for a pilot.

within a league (一リーグ以内) [副] within a certain distance

make a signal (合図をする) [動] to give a sign or indication

pilot (水先案内人) [名] a person who guides a ship through a difficult or dangerous passage

我々は町から一リーグ以内に錨を下ろし、水先案内人を求める合図をした。

Two of them came on board in less than half an hour, by whom we were guided between certain shoals and rocks which are very dangerous in the passage to a large basin, where a fleet may ride in safety within a cable’s length of the town wall.

shoal (浅瀬) [名] a shallow place in a body of water

basin (船溜まり) [名] a bowl-shaped depression

safety (安全に) [名] the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury

三十分もしないうちに二人の水先案内人が乗り込んできて、船団が町の城壁からケーブルの長さの範囲内で安全に停泊できる大きな船溜まりへの通路にある非常に危険な浅瀬や岩の間を案内してくれた。

Some of our sailors, whether out of treachery or inadvertence, had informed the pilots that I was a stranger and a great traveler, whereof these gave notice to a customhouse officer, by whom I was examined very strictly upon my landing.

inadvertence (不注意) [名] the quality of being careless or negligent

whereof (そのことを) [代] of what or which

customhouse officer (税関吏) [名] a person who works at a customhouse

我々の船員の何人かが、裏切りからか不注意からか、私が異邦人で大旅行家であることを水先案内人に告げ、水先案内人は税関吏に知らせ、私は上陸すると税関吏に厳しく調べられた。

This officer spoke to me in the language of Balnibarbi, which by the force of much commerce is generally understood in that town, especially by seamen and those employed in the customs.

officer (税関吏) [名] a person who holds a position of authority

customs (税関) [名] the authority or procedure by which a government or international organization inspects and regulates goods imported and exported by a country

この税関吏はバルニバービ語で私に話しかけたが、この町では、特に船員や税関に勤めている人々は、盛んな商業活動のおかげで、バルニバービ語を理解している。

I gave him a short account of some particulars, and made my story as plausible and consistent as I could;

plausible (もっともらしい) [形] appearing worthy of belief

consistent (一貫性のある) [形] in agreement or harmony with each other

私は彼にいくつかの詳細を簡単に話し、できるだけもっともらしく一貫性のある話にした。

but I thought it necessary to disguise my country, and call myself a Hollander, because my intentions were for Japan, and I knew the Dutch were the only Europeans permitted to enter into that kingdom.

Hollander (オランダ人) [名] a native or inhabitant of the Netherlands

Dutch (オランダ人) [名] a native or inhabitant of the Netherlands

しかし、私は自分の国籍を偽り、自分をオランダ人と呼ぶ必要があると考えた。なぜなら、私は日本に行くつもりだったし、ヨーロッパ人の中で日本への入国を許されているのはオランダ人だけだと知っていたからだ。

I therefore told the officer that having been shipwrecked on the coast of Balnibarbi, and cast on a rock, I was received up into Laputa, or the flying island (of which he had often heard), and was now endeavoring to get to Japan, whence I might find a convenience of returning to my own country.

convenience (便宜) [名] the quality of being easy to use or to reach

そこで私は税関吏に、バルニバービの海岸で難破して岩に打ち上げられた後、ラピュータ、つまり空飛ぶ島(彼はよく耳にしていた)に迎え入れられ、今は日本に行こうとしているところだと告げた。日本に行けば、自分の国に帰る便宜が得られるかもしれないからだ。

The officer said I must be confined till he could receive orders from court, for which he would write immediately, and hoped to receive an answer in a fortnight.

be confined (監禁される) [動] be kept in a place and not allowed to leave

税関吏は、宮廷からの命令を受けるまでは監禁しなければならないと言い、すぐに手紙を書いて、二週間以内に返事がもらえるようにしたいと言っていた。

I was carried to a convenient lodging, with a sentry placed at the door;

私は都合の良い宿に連れて行かれ、ドアには歩哨が立っていた。

however I had the liberty of a large garden, and was treated with humanity enough, being maintained all the time at the king’s charge.

have the liberty of (自由に歩き回る) [動] be free to do something

be treated with (扱いを受ける) [動] be dealt with in a certain way

humanity (人道) [名] the quality of being humane; kindness

be maintained (養われる) [動] be kept in a certain state

all the time (常に) [副] on every occasion; always

at the king's charge (王の負担で) [名] at the king's expense

しかし、私は大きな庭を自由に歩き回ることができ、十分に人道的な扱いを受け、常に王の負担で養われていた。

I was visited by several persons, chiefly out of curiosity, because it was reported that I came from countries very remote, of which they had never heard.

visit (訪ねる) [動] go to see someone or something

私が非常に遠く離れた国から来たと伝えられたので、主に好奇心から何人かの人々が私を訪ねてきたが、彼らはその国のことを聞いたことがなかった。

I hired a young man who came in the same ship to be an interpreter;

young man (若者) [名] a young male person

私は同じ船で来た若者を通訳として雇った。

he was a native of Luggnagg, but had lived some years at Maldonada, and was a perfect master of both languages.

彼はラグナグ出身だったが、数年間マルドナダに住んでいて、両方の言語に堪能だった。

By his assistance I was able to hold a conversation with those who came to visit me;

hold a conversation (会話する) [動] talk with someone

彼の助けで、私は私を訪ねてきた人々と会話することができた。

but this consisted only of their questions and my answers.

しかし、これは彼らの質問と私の答えだけで構成されていた。

The dispatch came from court about the time we expected.

dispatch (急使) [名] a message sent quickly

私たちが予想していた頃に宮廷から急使が来た。

It contained a warrant for conducting me and my retinue to Traldragdubh, or Trildrogdrib (for it is pronounced both ways as near as I can remember), by a party of ten horse.

conduct (護送する) [動] guide or direct the course of

Traldragdubh (トラルドラグドゥブ) [名] a place name

Trildrogdrib (トリルドログドリブ) [名] a place name

そこには、私と私の従者をトラルドラグドゥブ、またはトリルドログドリブ(私の記憶ではどちらも同じように発音される)まで十頭の馬の隊列で護送するための令状が入っていた。

All my retinue was that poor lad for an interpreter, whom I persuaded into my service, and at my humble request, we had each of us a mule to ride on.

service (雇う) [名] the action of working for someone

私の従者は、私が説得して通訳に雇ったあの哀れな少年だけで、私の謙虚な要請で、私たちはそれぞれ乗るラバを用意してもらった。

A messenger was dispatched half a day’s journey before us, to give the king notice of my approach;

half a day (半日) [名] half of a day

私の到着を国王に知らせるために、私たちより半日先に急使が派遣された。

and to desire that his majesty would please to appoint a day and hour, when it would be his gracious pleasure that I might have the honor to lick the dust before his footstool.

appoint (指定する) [動] officially choose someone for a job or position

footstool (足台) [名] a low stool for resting the feet on

そして、陛下が私に足台の前の塵をなめる栄誉を与えてくださる日時を指定してくださるようにお願いするためだった。

This is the court style, and I found it to be more than matter of form: for, upon my admittance two days after my arrival, I was commanded to crawl on my belly, and lick the floor as I advanced;

style (流儀) [名] a manner of doing something

crawl (這う) [動] move slowly with the body close to the ground

lick (なめる) [動] move the tongue over the surface of

これが宮廷の流儀で、私はそれが単なる形式ではないことを知った。到着してから二日後に参内したとき、私は腹ばいになって進みながら床をなめるように命じられた。

but on account of my being a stranger, care was taken to have it swept so clean that the dust was not offensive.

on account of (のために) [前] because of

take (払う) [動] to give or pay

sweep (掃除する) [動] to clean with a broom

offensive (不快な) [形] causing someone to feel upset, annoyed, or resentful

しかし、私が外国人であるために、埃が不快にならないよう、きれいに掃除してあった。

However, this was a peculiar grace, not allowed to any but persons of the highest rank, when they desire an admittance.

grace (恩寵) [名] a special favor or privilege

しかし、これは特別な恩寵で、最高位の者以外には許されないものだった。

Nay, sometimes the floor is strewed with dust on purpose, when the person to be admitted happens to have powerful enemies at court;

Nay (いや) [副] no; not at all

strew (まき散らす) [動] spread or scatter untidily

いや、参内する者が宮廷に強力な敵を持っている場合には、わざと床に埃をまき散らすこともある。

and I have seen a great lord with his mouth so crammed, that when he had crept to the proper distance from the throne, he was not able to speak a word.

great lord (大貴族) [名] a person of great power or influence

cram (いっぱいになる) [動] pack something or someone tightly into a small space

proper distance (適当な距離) [名] the distance that is appropriate for a particular situation

ある大貴族が、口の中がいっぱいになって、玉座から適当な距離まで這っていっても、一言もしゃべれないのを見たことがある。

Neither is there any remedy, because it is capital for those who receive an audience to spit or wipe their mouths in his majesty’s presence.

spit (唾を吐く) [動] eject saliva from the mouth

capital (死刑に値する) [形] punishable by death

それに、陛下の御前で唾を吐いたり、口を拭いたりするのは、拝謁を許された者にとって死刑に値する罪なので、どうしようもない。

There is indeed another custom which I cannot altogether approve of:

approve of (賛成する) [動] have a favorable opinion of

実際、私が全く賛成できない習慣がもう一つある。

When the king has a mind to put any of his nobles to death in a gentle indulgent manner, he commands to have the floor strewn with a certain brown powder of a deadly composition, which, being licked up, infallibly kills him in twenty-four hours.

indulgent (寛大な) [形] lenient, tolerant, or permissive

strewn (まき散らす) [動] spread untidily over a surface

deadly (致死性のある) [形] causing or able to cause death

lick up (なめる) [動] move the tongue over the surface of something

王様が、貴族の誰かを優しく寛大な方法で死刑にしたいと思ったら、床に致死性のあるある種の褐色の粉をまき散らすように命じる。それをなめてしまうと、間違いなく24時間以内に死んでしまう。

But in justice to this prince’s great clemency, and the care he has of his subjects’ lives (wherein it were much to be wished that the monarchs of Europe would imitate him), it must be mentioned for his honor, that strict orders are given to have the infected parts of the floor well washed after every such execution, which if his domestics neglect, they are in danger of incurring his royal displeasure.

infected (汚染された) [形] contaminated with harmful substances

しかし、この王様の大いなる慈悲と、臣民の命を大切にしていること(この点ではヨーロッパの君主たちが彼を見習ってほしいものだ)を公正に評価するためには、このような処刑のたびに床の汚染された部分をよく洗うように厳しい命令が出されていることを、彼の名誉のためにも言及しなければならない。もし家臣たちがそれを怠れば、王様の不興を買う危険性がある。

I myself heard him give directions that one of his pages should be whipped, whose turn it was to give notice about washing the floor after an execution, but maliciously had omitted it, by which neglect a young lord of great hopes, coming to an audience, was unfortunately poisoned, although the king at that time had no design against his life.

one of his pages (小姓の一人) [名] a young boy who serves a person of high rank

should be whipped (鞭打つ) [動] hit with a whip

whose turn it was to give notice (通知する番だった) [名] the person whose turn it was to give notice

after an execution (処刑後) [名] after a person is killed as a punishment

but maliciously had omitted it (悪意を持って怠った) [動] but had omitted it with malicious intent

by which neglect (怠ったため) [名] because of which neglect

a young lord of great hopes (有望な若い領主) [名] a young lord with great hopes

coming to an audience (謁見に来た) [動] came to an audience

was unfortunately poisoned (不幸にも毒殺されてしまった) [動] was unfortunately killed by poison

although the king at that time had no design against his life (当時王様はその若い領主の命を奪うつもりはなかったにもかかわらず) [名] although the king at that time did not intend to kill the young lord

私自身、彼が小姓の一人を鞭打つように指示しているのを聞いたことがある。その小姓は処刑後に床を洗うように通知する番だったが、悪意を持ってそれを怠ったため、当時王様はその若い領主の命を奪うつもりはなかったにもかかわらず、謁見に来た有望な若い領主が不幸にも毒殺されてしまった。

But this good prince was so gracious as to forgive the poor page his whipping, upon promise that he would do so no more, without special orders.

しかし、この善良な王様は、特別な命令がない限り二度とそのようなことをしないという約束を条件に、哀れな小姓を鞭打ちから許すほど慈悲深かった。

To return from this digression: When I had crept within four yards of the throne, I raised myself gently upon my knees, and then striking my forehead seven times on the ground, I pronounced the following words, as they had been taught me the night before: _Ickpling gloffthrobb spuut serumm blhiop mlashnalt zwin tnodbalkuffh slhiophad gurdlubh asht._

digression (脱線) [名] a departure from the main subject

話がそれたが、本題に戻ろう。玉座まで四ヤード以内に這い寄ると、私はゆっくりと膝をつき、額を七回地面に打ちつけて、前夜に教えられた次の言葉を発した。「イクプリング・グロフトロブ・スプート・セラム・ブリオップ・ムラシュナルト・ズウィン・トノドバルクフ・ブリオファド・グルドゥブ・アシュト」

This is the compliment established by the laws of the land for all persons admitted to the king’s presence.

establish (定める) [動] set up or lay the foundations of

land (国) [名] the territory occupied by a nation

これは、王様の前に出ることを許されたすべての人に対して、この国の法律で定められた挨拶である。

It may be rendered into English thus: “May your celestial majesty outlive the sun, eleven moons and a half!”

render (訳す) [動] translate

outlive (長生きする) [動] live longer than

eleven (十一) [形] the number 11

これを英語に訳すと、「陛下が太陽よりも長生きし、十一ヶ月半も長生きしますように」となる。

To this the king returned some answer, which although I could not understand, yet I replied as I had been directed: _Fluft drin yalerick dwuldom prastrad mirpush_, which properly signifies, “My tongue is in the mouth of my friend”;

return (答える) [動] say or write something as an answer

これに対して王様は何かを答えたが、私には理解できなかったが、指示された通りに答えた。「フルフト・ドリン・ヤレリック・ドゥルドム・プラストラッド・ミルプッシュ」これは「私の舌は友人の口の中にある」という意味である。

and by this expression was meant that I desired leave to bring my interpreter;

bring (連れてくる) [動] cause to come with oneself

この表現は、通訳を連れてくることを許可して欲しいという意味である。

whereupon the young man already mentioned was accordingly introduced, by whose intervention I answered as many questions as his majesty could put in above an hour.

accordingly (したがって) [副] as a result; consequently

intervention (仲介) [名] the action or process of intervening

すると、すでに述べた若者が紹介され、その仲介によって私は陛下が1時間以上かけてできる限り多くの質問に答えた。

I spoke in the Balnibarbian tongue, and my interpreter delivered my meaning in that of Luggnagg.

Balnibarbian (バルニバービア) [名] a country in the story

私はバルニバービア語で話し、通訳が私の言いたいことをラグナグ語で伝えた。

The king was much delighted with my company, and ordered his _bliffmarklub_, or high-chamberlain, to appoint a lodging in the court for me and my interpreter, with a daily allowance for my table, and a large purse of gold for my common expenses.

be delighted with (喜ぶ) [動] be very pleased about

bliffmarklub (ブリフマルクラブ) [名] a high-ranking official in the court of the king of Brobdingnag

high-chamberlain (高官) [名] a high-ranking official in the court of the king of Brobdingnag

daily allowance (日割り) [名] a fixed amount of money that is given to someone each day

common expenses (日常の支出) [名] the costs of running a household or business

large purse (大きな財布) [名] a small pouch of leather or plastic used for carrying money, typically by a woman

王様は私と会ってとても喜び、私と通訳のために宮廷に宿泊施設を用意し、食事代を日割りで支給し、日常の支出のために大きな金の財布を用意するよう、ブリフマルクラブ、つまり高官に命じた。

I stayed three months in this country out of perfect obedience to his majesty, who was pleased highly to favor me, and made me very honorable offers.

out of (従って) [前] as a result of

perfect obedience (従順) [名] the quality or state of being obedient

please (気に入る) [動] cause to be happy or satisfied

favor (気に入る) [動] like or prefer

私は陛下に従順に従ってこの国に3ヶ月滞在したが、陛下は私を非常に気に入り、とても名誉な申し出をしてくれた。

But I thought it more consistent with prudence and justice to pass the remainder of my days with my wife and family.

day (人生) [名] the period of time during which the earth completes one rotation on its axis

しかし、残りの人生を妻や家族と過ごす方が、思慮深く、正義にかなっていると私は考えた。

CHAPTER X

CHAPTER X (第十章) [名] the tenth chapter

第十章

THE LUGGNAGGIANS COMMENDED—A PARTICULAR DESCRIPTION OF THE STRULDBRUGS, WITH MANY CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN THE AUTHOR AND SOME EMINENT PERSONS UPON THAT SUBJECT.

LUGGNAGGIANS (ラグナグ人) [名] the people of Luggnagg

COMMENDED (称賛) [動] express approval of

STRULDBRUGS (ストラルドブルグ) [名] a type of immortal being in Luggnagg

PERSONS (人) [名] a human being regarded as an individual

ラグナグ人の称賛ーストラルドブルグの詳細な説明、著者とその話題に関する著名人との多くの会話

The Luggnaggians are a polite and generous people, and although they are not without some share of that pride which is peculiar to all Eastern countries, yet they show themselves courteous to strangers, especially such who are countenanced by the court.

Eastern (東洋の) [形] of, relating to, or characteristic of the countries of the East

ラグナグ人は礼儀正しく、寛大な人々で、東洋の国々に特有のプライドがないわけではないが、見知らぬ人、特に宮廷に歓迎される人には礼儀正しく振る舞う。

I had many acquaintances among persons of the best fashion, and being always attended by my interpreter, the conversation we had was not disagreeable.

have many acquaintances (多くの知り合いを持つ) [動] know many people

best fashion (上流階級) [名] the highest social class

私は上流階級の人々とも多く知り合い、いつも通訳が付き添っていたので、会話も不快なものではなかった。

One day in much good company I was asked by a person of quality whether I had seen any of their _struldbrugs_, or immortals.

good company (良い仲間) [名] a group of people that you enjoy being with

person of quality (身分の高い人) [名] a person of high social status

struldbrug (ストラルドブルグ) [名] a person who is immortal but continues to age

immortal (不死身) [形] living forever; never dying or decaying

ある日、とても良い仲間といる時に、身分の高い人から、彼らのストラルドブルグ、つまり不死身を見たことがあるかと尋ねられた。

I said I had not, and desired he would explain to me what he meant by such an appellation applied to a mortal creature.

appellation (呼び名) [名] a name or descriptive phrase that is given to a person, place, or thing

mortal (死すべき) [形] subject to death

creature (人間) [名] a living being, especially an animal or person

私は見たことがないと答え、死すべき人間にそのような呼び名を付ける意味を説明してくれるよう頼んだ。

He told me that sometimes, though very rarely, a child happened to be born in a family with a red circular spot in the forehead, directly over the left eyebrow, which was an infallible mark that it should never die.

very rarely (ごくまれに) [副] not often; infrequently

be born (生まれる) [動] come into existence

eyebrow (眉) [名] the strip of hair growing on the ridge above a person's eye socket

infallible (絶対的な) [形] incapable of error

彼は、ごくまれにではあるが、額の左眉の真上に赤い円形の斑点を持つ子供が家族の中で生まれることがあり、それは決して死なないという絶対的な印である、と私に言った。

The spot, as he described it, was about the compass of a silver threepence, but in the course of time grew larger, and changed its color;

spot (斑点) [名] a small area of a different color from the area around it

change (変わる) [動] become different

彼の説明によると、その斑点は銀の3ペンス玉ほどの大きさだが、時が経つにつれて大きくなり、色も変わってくる。

for at twelve years old it became green, so continued till five-and-twenty, then turned to a deep blue;

green (緑色) [名] the color intermediate between blue and yellow in the visible spectrum

five-and-twenty (25歳) [名] the age of a person who has lived for twenty-five years

deep blue (濃い青色) [名] a dark shade of blue

12歳になると緑色になり、25歳まで続いた後、濃い青色に変わる。

at five-and-forty it grew coal-black, and as large as an English shilling, but never admitted any farther alteration.

five-and-forty (45歳) [名] the age of 45

coal-black (石炭のように真っ黒) [形] very black

admit (起こる) [動] allow to happen

45歳になると石炭のように真っ黒になり、イギリスのシリング大の大きさになるが、それ以上の変化は起こらない。

He said these births were so rare, that he did not believe there could be above eleven hundred _struldbrugs_ of both sexes in the whole kingdom, of which he computed about fifty in the metropolis, and among the rest a young girl born about three years ago;

rare (まれ) [形] not common or frequent

彼は、このような誕生は非常にまれで、王国全体で男女合わせて1100人以上の不死人が存在するとは思えないと言い、そのうち首都には約50人、残りは約3年前に生まれた少女がいると計算した。

that these productions were not peculiar to any family, but a mere effect of chance, and the children of the _struldbrugs_ themselves were equally mortal with the rest of the people.

production (誕生) [名] the action of making or manufacturing from components or raw materials, or the process of being so manufactured

これらの誕生は特定の家族に特有のものではなく、単なる偶然の結果であり、不死人の子供たちも他の人々と同じように死ぬ運命にある。

I freely own myself to have been struck with inexpressible delight upon hearing this account;

inexpressible (言いようのない) [形] too extreme or intense to be expressed or described in words

私はこの話を聞いて、言いようのない喜びに打たれたことを率直に認める。

and the person who gave it me happening to understand the Balnibarbian language, which I spoke very well,

Balnibarbian language (バルニバービア語) [名] the language of Balnibarbi

それをくれた人は、私がとても上手に話すバルニバービア語をたまたま理解していたので、

I could not forbear breaking out into expressions perhaps a little too extravagant.

break out (口にする) [動] to start suddenly

extravagant (大げさ) [形] costing a lot of money; very expensive

私は、もしかしたら少し大げさすぎるかもしれない表現を口にせずにはいられなかった。

I cried out, as in a rapture, “Happy nation, where every child has at least a chance for being immortal!

rapture (狂喜) [名] a feeling of intense pleasure or joy

chance (チャンス) [名] a possibility or probability

私は狂喜して叫んだ、「幸せな国だ、どの子供にも少なくとも不死になるチャンスがある!

Happy people, who enjoy so many living examples of ancient virtue, and have masters ready to instruct them in the wisdom of all former ages!

living (生きている) [形] alive

example (手本) [名] a thing characteristic of its kind or illustrating a general rule

幸せな人々だ、古代の美徳の生きる手本をたくさん持ち、過去のあらゆる時代の知恵を教えてくれる師がいる!

but happiest beyond all comparison are those excellent _struldbrugs_, who, born exempt from that universal calamity of human nature, have their minds free and disengaged, without the weight and depression of spirits caused by the continual apprehension of death.”

beyond all comparison (何よりも) [副] more than anything else

happiest (幸せ) [形] feeling or showing pleasure or contentment

struldbrugs (_struldbrugs_) [名] a person who is immortal but continues to age

born (生まれる) [動] come into existence as a living being

disengaged (解放される) [動] release from an engagement or commitment

weight (重荷) [名] a load or burden

depression (憂鬱) [名] a mental state characterized by feelings of severe despondency and dejection

cause (引き起こす) [動] make (something) happen

しかし、何よりも幸せなのは、人間の本性の普遍的な災難から免れて生まれ、死の絶え間ない不安によって引き起こされる精神の重荷や憂鬱もなく、心が自由で解放されている優れた_struldbrugs_である。」

I discovered my admiration that I had not observed any of these illustrious persons at court;

私は、宮廷でこれらの著名な人物の誰も見かけなかったことに驚きを表明した。

the black spot on the forehead being so remarkable a distinction, that I could not have easily overlooked it;

black spot (黒い斑点) [名] a dark area on a surface

remarkable (際立った) [形] worthy of attention

distinction (特徴) [名] a distinguishing characteristic or quality

easily (見過ごす) [副] without difficulty

overlook (見過ごす) [動] fail to notice

額の黒い斑点は非常に際立った特徴なので、見過ごすはずがない。

and it was impossible that his majesty, a most judicious prince, should not provide himself with a good number of such wise and able counselors.

最も賢明な君主である陛下が、そのような賢く有能な顧問を多数抱えていないことなどありえない。

Yet perhaps the virtue of those reverend sages was too strict for the corrupt and libertine manners of a court;

reverend (尊敬すべき) [形] worthy of reverence

too (あまりに) [副] to a higher degree than is desirable, permissible, or possible

corrupt (堕落した) [形] having or showing a willingness to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain

libertine (放蕩な) [形] lacking moral or sexual restraints

それでも、おそらくこれらの尊敬すべき賢者の美徳は、宮廷の堕落した放蕩な風習には厳しすぎたのだろう。

and we often find by experience, that young men are too opinionated and volatile to be guided by the sober dictates of their seniors.

opinionated (自分の意見を持ちすぎる) [形] having a strong opinion and not willing to change it

volatile (気まぐれ) [形] liable to change rapidly and unpredictably

sober (冷静な) [形] not affected by alcohol

dictate (指示) [名] an order or command given with authority

senior (年長者) [名] a person who is older than another

そして、若者は自分の意見を持ちすぎていて、気まぐれなので、年長者の冷静な指示に従えないことがよくある。

However, since the king was pleased to allow me access to his royal person, I was resolved upon the very first occasion, to deliver my opinion to him on this matter freely and at large, by the help of my interpreter;

access (謁見) [名] the right or ability to approach or enter a place

しかし、国王が私に謁見を許可して下さったので、私は通訳の助けを借りて、この件について自由に、そして大まかに私の意見を申し上げようと決意した。

and whether he would please to take my advice or no, yet in one thing I was determined, that his majesty having frequently offered me an establishment in this country, I would with great thankfulness accept the favor, and pass my life here in the conversation of those superior beings the _struldbrugs_, if they would please to admit me.

take my advice (私の忠告を受け入れる) [動] accept my advice

frequently (何度も) [副] many times

そして、国王が私の忠告を喜んで受け入れるかどうかは別として、私が決意していたことが一つあった。国王が何度も私にこの国の居住を申し出てくれたので、もし彼らが私を受け入れてくれるなら、私はその恩恵を大いに感謝して受け入れ、ここで私の人生を過ごそうと思ったのだ。

The gentleman to whom I addressed my discourse, because (as I have already observed) he spoke the language of Balnibarbi, said to me with a sort of a smile which usually arises from pity to the ignorant, that he was glad of any occasion to keep me among them, and desired my permission to explain to the company what I had spoken.

address (話しかけた) [動] direct one's attention to

私が話しかけた紳士は、(すでに述べたように)バルニバルビ語を話していたため、無知な人を哀れむような笑みを浮かべて、私を彼らの中に留めておく機会ができて嬉しいと言い、私が話したことを仲間に説明する許可を求めた。

He did so, and they talked together for some time in their own language, whereof I understood not a syllable, neither could I observe by their countenances what impression my discourse had made on them.

talk together (話し合う) [動] have a conversation

in their own language (彼ら自身の言葉で) [副] in the language that they speak

彼はそうし、彼らはしばらくの間、彼ら自身の言葉で話し合ったが、私は一言も理解できなかったし、私の話が彼らにどのような印象を与えたかを彼らの表情から観察することもできなかった。

After a short silence, the same person told me that his friends and mine (so he thought fit to express himself) were very much pleased with the judicious remarks I had made on the great happiness and advantages of immortal life, and they were desirous to know in a particular manner, what scheme of living I should have formed to myself if it had fallen to my lot to have been born a _struldbrug_.

after a short silence (しばらく沈黙した後) [名] after a short period of time without any sound

the same person (同じ人物) [名] the person who was mentioned before

be pleased with (満足する) [動] be happy about something

remark (発言) [名] a comment or statement

happiness (幸福) [名] the state of being happy

be desirous of (望む) [動] want or wish for something

in a particular manner (具体的に) [副] in a specific way

fall to one's lot (生まれる) [動] be assigned to someone by fate or chance

as (として) [接] used to indicate that something is the same as or similar to something else

しばらく沈黙した後、同じ人物が私に、彼の友人と私の友人(彼はそう表現するのが適切だと思った)は、私が不死の人生がもたらす大きな幸福と利点について述べた賢明な発言に非常に満足しており、もし私が_struldbrug_として生まれていたら、どのような人生設計を立てていたかを具体的に知りたいと望んでいると言った。

I answered, it was easy to be eloquent on so copious and delightful a subject, especially to me, who had been often apt to amuse myself with visions of what I should do if I were a king, a general, or a great lord;

copious (豊か) [形] abundant in supply

eloquent (雄弁) [形] fluent or persuasive in speaking or writing

amuse (楽しむ) [動] cause to laugh or smile

vision (空想) [名] the ability to think about or plan the future with imagination or wisdom

私は、これほど豊かで楽しい話題については、雄弁に語るのは簡単なことだと答えた。特に私は、もし自分が王様や将軍、大領主だったらどうするかという空想にふけることが多かった。

and upon this very case I had frequently run over the whole system how I should employ myself, and pass the time, if I were sure to live forever.

run over (検討する) [動] to go over or examine carefully

そして、まさにこの場合、私はもし永遠に生きることが確実ならば、どのように自分を雇い、時間を過ごすべきかについて、しばしば全体のシステムを検討してきた。

That if it had been my good fortune to come into the world a _struldbrug_, as soon as I could discover my own happiness by understanding the difference between life and death, I would first resolve, by all arts and methods whatsoever, to procure myself riches;

come into the world (この世に生を受ける) [動] be born

understanding (理解する) [動] perceive the intended meaning of

もし私が幸運にも_struldbrug_としてこの世に生を受けることができたなら、生と死の違いを理解することで自分の幸せを発見することができたら、まずあらゆる芸術や方法で自分のために富を獲得しようと決意するだろう。

in the pursuit of which, by thrift and management, I might reasonably expect in about two hundred years to be the wealthiest man in the kingdom.

in the pursuit of which (それを追求する中で) [句] in the process of trying to achieve something

by thrift and management (節約と管理によって) [句] by being careful with money and resources and by organizing things well

about two hundred years (約200年後) [句] approximately two centuries from now

wealthiest (最も裕福な) [形] having a great deal of money or assets

それを追求する中で、節約と管理によって、私は約200年後には王国で最も裕福な人間になることを合理的に期待できるだろう。

In the second place, I would from my earliest youth apply myself to the study of arts and sciences, by which I should arrive in time to excel all others in learning.

earliest (幼い) [形] occurring or done before the usual or expected time

youth (頃) [名] the period of life when one is young

apply (励む) [動] devote (oneself) to a particular activity

第二に、私は幼い頃から芸術と科学の研究に励み、やがて他の誰よりも学問に秀でるようになるだろう。

Lastly, I would carefully record every action and event of consequence that happened in the public, impartially draw the characters of the several successions of princes and great ministers of state, with my own observations on every point.

impartially (公平に) [副] in an impartial manner

最後に、私は公衆の面前で起こったあらゆる行動や出来事を注意深く記録し、あらゆる点について私自身の観察を加えて、王子や大臣の相次ぐ交代を公平に描き出したい。

I would exactly set down the several changes in customs, language, fashions of dress, diet, and diversions.

set down (書き留める) [動] write down

fashion (服装) [名] a popular trend, especially in styles of dress and ornament or manners of behavior

風習、言語、服装、食事、娯楽などの変化を正確に書き留めておくだろう。

By all which acquirements I should be a living treasury of knowledge and wisdom, and certainly become the oracle of the nation.

acquirement (身につける) [名] the act of acquiring something

これらのすべてを身につけることで、私は知識と知恵の生きた宝庫となり、間違いなく国の神託となるだろう。

I would never marry after threescore, but live in a hospitable manner, yet still on the saving side.

threescore (六十歳) [名] sixty years old

hospitable (もてなしの) [形] friendly and welcoming to guests and visitors

saving (節約) [名] the reduction of money spent

私は六十歳を過ぎたら結婚せず、もてなしの心を持ちながらも、節約して生活するだろう。

I would entertain myself in forming and directing the minds of hopeful young men, by convincing them from my own remembrance, experience, and observation, fortified by numerous examples, of the usefulness of virtue in public and private life.

form (形成する) [動] bring into existence

hopeful (有望な) [形] having or showing hope

numerous (数多くの) [形] great in number; many

私は、公私にわたる徳の有用性を、私自身の記憶、経験、観察から、数多くの例を挙げて説得することで、有望な若者の心を形成し、導くことに楽しみを見出すだろう。

But my choice and constant companions should be a set of my own immortal brotherhood, among whom I would elect a dozen from the most ancient down to my own contemporaries.

choice (選んだ) [名] the act of choosing

brotherhood (兄弟たち) [名] the state of being brothers

elect (選ぶ) [動] choose or select

contemporary (同時代) [形] living or occurring at the same time

しかし、私の選んだ、いつもの仲間は、私自身の不滅の兄弟たちであり、その中から、最も古代から私と同時代までの十二人を選ぶだろう。

Where any of these wanted fortunes, I would provide them with convenient lodges round my own estate, and have some of them always at my table;

lodge (宿泊施設) [名] a small house at the entrance to a large estate

estate (屋敷) [名] a large house and the land around it

これらの人々の中で、財産に困っている人がいれば、私の屋敷の周りに便利な宿泊施設を用意し、そのうちの何人かをいつも私の食卓に招くだろう。

only mingling a few of the most valuable among you mortals, whom length of time would harden me to lose with little or no reluctance, and treat your posterity after the same manner;

valuable (価値のある) [形] having a high price or worth

length of time (長い年月) [名] a period of time

harden (耐えられるようになる) [動] make or become hard or harder

reluctance (ためらい) [名] unwillingness to do something

あなた方人間の中で最も価値のある数人だけを交え、長い年月を経て、私はほとんど、あるいは全くためらうことなく失うことに耐えられるようになるだろうし、あなた方の子孫も同じように扱うだろう。

just as a man diverts himself with the annual succession of pinks and tulips in his garden, without regretting the loss of those which withered the preceding year.

just as (ちょうど) [副] exactly or precisely

annual (年次) [形] happening or done once every year

succession (交代) [名] the action of inheriting a title, office, property, etc.

pink (ピンク) [名] a light shade of red

tulip (チューリップ) [名] a plant with a large bulb and brightly colored cup-shaped flowers

regret (後悔する) [動] feel sad, repentant, or disappointed over (something that has happened or been done)

ちょうど人が庭のピンクやチューリップの年次交代で気晴らしをするように、前年に枯れたものの損失を後悔することなく。

These _struldbrugs_ and I would mutually communicate our observations and memorials, through the course of time;

mutually (互いに) [副] in a reciprocal manner

memorial (記念碑) [名] something that serves as a reminder of a person or event

これらのストルドブルグと私は、時の経過の中で、互いに観察したことや記念碑を伝え合うだろう。

remark the several gradations by which corruption steals into the world, and oppose it in every step, by giving perpetual warning and instruction to mankind;

remark (注目する) [動] notice or comment on

steal (忍び込む) [動] move or go stealthily

腐敗が世界に忍び込むいくつかの段階に注目し、人類に永続的な警告と指導を与えることによって、あらゆる段階でそれに反対する。

which, added to the strong influence of our own example, would probably prevent that continual degeneracy of human nature so unjustly complained of in all ages.

our own (私たち自身の) [代] belonging to or connected with the speaker

continual (継続的な) [形] never stopping or ending

degeneracy (退廃) [名] the state or process of being degenerate

私たち自身の手本が持つ強い影響力に加えて、おそらくあらゆる時代において不当に嘆かれている人間性の継続的な退廃を防ぐことができるだろう。

Add to all this the pleasure of seeing the various revolutions of states and empires;

これらすべてに加えて、国家や帝国のさまざまな革命を見る喜びがある。

the changes in the lower and upper world;

upper (上界) [形] above average in height

下界と上界の変化である。

ancient cities in ruins, and obscure villages become the seats of kings;

become (なる) [動] come to be; undergo a change or development

古代都市が廃墟となり、無名の村が王の座となる。

famous rivers lessening into shallow brooks;

shallow (浅い) [形] of little depth

有名な川が浅い小川に変わり、

the ocean leaving one coast dry, and overwhelming another;

overwhelm (圧倒する) [動] defeat completely

海が一方では海岸を干上がらせ、他方では海岸を圧倒する。

the discovery of many countries yet unknown;

yet (未だ) [副] up until the present time; so far

未知の多くの国の発見、

barbarity overrunning the politest nations, and the most barbarous become civilized.

barbarity (野蛮) [名] the state of being savagely cruel

overrun (席巻する) [動] spread over or occupy

politest (最も礼儀正しい) [形] most polite

civilized (文明化した) [形] having a high level of culture and development

野蛮が最も礼儀正しい国々を席巻し、最も野蛮な国々が文明化する。

I should then see the discovery of the longitude, the perpetual motion, the universal medicine, and many other great inventions brought to the utmost perfection.

perpetual motion (永久運動) [名] the motion of a hypothetical machine which, once activated, would run forever

universal medicine (万能薬) [名] a medicine that can cure all diseases

そうすれば、経度の測定法、永久運動、万能薬、その他多くの偉大な発明が完成の域に達するのを見ることができるだろう。

What wonderful discoveries should we make in astronomy, by outliving and confirming our own predictions;

prediction (予言) [名] a statement about what will happen in the future

天文学では、自分の予言を長生きして確認することで、どんな素晴らしい発見ができるだろうか。

by observing the progress and returns of comets, with the changes of motion in the sun, moon, and stars!

return (回帰) [名] the action of coming back to a place or condition

彗星の進行と回帰、太陽、月、星の運動の変化を観察することで!

I enlarged upon many other topics which the natural desire of endless life and sublunary happiness could easily furnish me with.

enlarge upon (語る) [動] to speak or write about something at length

natural desire (自然な欲求) [名] a desire that is not learned or acquired

endless life (永遠の命) [名] a life that never ends

sublunary happiness (この世の幸福) [名] happiness that is experienced in this world, as opposed to in the afterlife

私は、永遠の命とこの世の幸福への自然な欲求が私に簡単に与えてくれる他の多くの話題について語った。

When I had ended, and the sum of my discourse had been interpreted as before, to the rest of the company, there was a good deal of talk among them in the language of the country, not without some laughter at my expense.

talk (話し合う) [動] speak or converse with another person or other people

私が話し終えて、私の話の要約が前と同じように通訳されると、一同は私を笑いながら、この国の言語でかなり話し合った。

At last the same gentleman who had been my interpreter said he was desired by the rest to set me right in a few mistakes which I had fallen into through the common imbecility of human nature, and upon that allowance was less answerable for them.

set right (正す) [動] to correct or make right

a few (いくつかの) [限] a small number of

common (共通の) [形] belonging to or shared by two or more people or things

imbecility (愚かさ) [名] the quality or state of being foolish or stupid

answerable (責任を負う) [形] responsible

ついに、私の通訳を務めていた同じ紳士が、私が人間性の共通の愚かさから陥ったいくつかの間違いを正すように他の人から求められたと言い、その許容範囲内ではそれらに対してあまり責任を負わなかった。

That this breed of _struldbrugs_ was peculiar to their country, for there were no such people either in Balnibarbi or Japan, where he had the honor to be ambassador from his majesty, and found the natives in both those kingdoms very hard to believe that the fact was possible, and it appeared from my astonishment when he first mentioned the matter to me, that I received it as a thing wholly new, and scarcely to be credited.

Balnibarbi (バルニバルビ) [名] a fictional country in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

possible (起こりうる) [形] able to be done; feasible

scarcely (ほとんど~できない) [副] only just; barely

この種の_struldbrugs_は彼らの国特有のものであり、彼が陛下から大使を務める栄誉に浴したバルニバルビにも日本にもそのような人々はいなかったので、両王国の原住民は事実が起こりうるとは信じがたいと思い、彼が最初にこの件を私に話したときの私の驚きから、私はそれを全く新しいものとして受け取り、ほとんど信じることができなかったことがわかった。

That in the two kingdoms above mentioned, where during his residence he had conversed very much, he observed long life to be the universal desire and wish of mankind.

above mentioned (上記の) [形] mentioned earlier in the same text

residence (滞在) [名] the place where one lives

long life (長寿) [名] the state of living for a long time

wish (願い) [名] a hope or a desire for something

彼は、滞在中に多くの会話を交わした上記の2つの王国で、長寿が人類の普遍的な欲望であり、願いであることを観察した。

That whoever had one foot in the grave was sure to hold back the other as strongly as he could.

one foot (片足) [名] one of the two feet of a person or animal

grave (墓) [名] a location where a dead body (typically that of a human, although sometimes that of an animal) is buried

hold back (引き止める) [動] to prevent from doing something

as ... as (できるだけ) [接] to the extent or degree that

墓に片足を突っ込んだ者は誰でも、もう片方の足をできるだけ強く引き止めようとした。

That the oldest had still hopes of living one day longer, and looked on death as the greatest evil, from which nature always prompted him to retreat.

the oldest (最年長者) [名] the person who is the oldest

longer (長く) [形] having a great or greater length

prompt (促す) [動] cause or encourage to happen

最年長者もまだ一日でも長生きしたいという希望を持ち、死を最大の悪と見なし、自然は常に死から逃れようとしていた。

Only in this island of Luggnagg the appetite for living was not so eager, from the continual example of the _struldbrugs_ before their eyes.

eager (熱心な) [形] wanting to do or have something very much

ただ、このラグナグ島では、目の前にある_struldbrugs_の継続的な例から、生きることへの欲求はそれほど熱心ではなかった。

That the system of living contrived by me was unreasonable and unjust, because it supposed a perpetuity of youth, health, and vigor, which no man could be so foolish to hope, however extravagant he may be in his wishes.

contrived (考え出した) [動] create or design in a skillful or clever way

unreasonable (不合理な) [形] not guided by or based on good sense

perpetuity (永続) [名] the state or quality of lasting forever

extravagant (贅沢な) [形] costing a great deal of money

wish (望み) [名] a desire or hope for something

私の考え出した生活システムは、若さ、健康、活力が永続することを前提としており、どんなに贅沢な望みを抱いても、誰もが期待するほど愚かではないため、不合理で不公平なものだった。

That the question therefore was not whether a man would choose to be always in the prime of youth, attended with prosperity and health, but how he would pass a perpetual life under all the usual disadvantages which old age brings along with it.

prime (盛期) [名] the state or time of greatest strength, vigor, or success

prosperity (繁栄) [名] the state of being prosperous

bring (もたらす) [動] cause to come or happen

したがって、問題は、人が繁栄と健康を伴って常に若さの盛期にあることを選ぶかどうかではなく、老年期がもたらすすべての通常の不利な条件の下で永続的な人生をどのように過ごすかということである。

For although few men will avow their desires of being immortal upon such hard conditions, yet in the two kingdoms before mentioned, of Balnibarbi and Japan, he observed that every man desired to put off death for some time longer, let it approach ever so late;

avow (表明する) [動] to declare openly

hard (厳しい) [形] not easy; difficult

put off (先延ばしする) [動] to postpone or delay something

let (する) [動] to allow or permit

late (遅く) [形] coming or happening after the usual or expected time

そのような厳しい条件のもとで不死身になりたいという願望を表明する人はほとんどいないが、前述のバルニバルビと日本の二つの王国では、誰もが死をもう少し先延ばししたいと思っていることを彼は観察した。

and he rarely heard of any man who died willingly, except he were incited by the extremity of grief or torture.

rarely (めったに~ない) [副] not often; seldom

willingly (自ら) [副] of one's own free will

be incited (駆り立てられる) [動] be urged or persuaded to do something

そして、彼は悲しみや拷問の極限に駆り立てられた場合を除いて、自ら死を選んだ人間の話はほとんど聞いたことがなかった。

And he appealed to me, whether in those countries I had traveled, as well as my own, I had not observed the same general disposition.

そして彼は、私が旅した国々でも、私の国でも、同じ一般的な傾向を観察しなかったか、と私に訴えた。

After this preface, he gave me a particular account of the _struldbrugs_ among them.

この前置きの後、彼は私に彼らの中の_struldbrugs_について特別な説明をしてくれた。

He said they commonly acted like mortals till about thirty years old;

彼は、彼らは普通、三十歳くらいまでは人間のように行動すると言っていた。

after which, by degrees, they grew melancholy and dejected, increasing in both till they came to fourscore.

melancholy (憂鬱) [形] feeling or showing sadness

dejected (落胆) [形] sad and disappointed

その後、彼らは次第に憂鬱になり、落胆し、八十歳になるまでその両方が増加した。

This he learned from their own confession;

confession (告白) [名] a statement admitting that you have done something wrong

彼はこれを彼ら自身の告白から学んだ。

for otherwise, there not being above two or three of that species born in an age, they were too few to form a general observation by.

for otherwise (そうでなければ) [接] or else

there not being (いない) [動] not exist

an age (一時代) [名] a period of time in which events occur

too few (あまりに少ない) [形] not enough

general observation (一般的な観察) [名] the act of carefully watching someone or something

そうでなければ、一時代に生まれるその種は二、三人しかいないので、一般的な観察をするにはあまりにも数が少ない。

When they came to fourscore years, which is reckoned the extremity of living in this country, they had not only all the follies and infirmities of other old men, but many more which arose from the dreadful prospect of never dying.

come to (なる) [動] reach a certain age

fourscore years (八十歳) [名] eighty years

reckon (考える) [動] consider or regard in a specified way

not only (だけでなく) [接] and also

many more (多くの) [名] a large number of

彼らが八十歳になると、この国では人生の限界と考えられているが、彼らは他の老人の愚行や弱さだけでなく、決して死なないという恐ろしい見通しから生じる多くの愚行や弱さを抱えていた。

They were not only opinionative, peevish, covetous, morose, vain, talkative, but incapable of friendship, and dead to all natural affection, which never descended below their grandchildren.

opinionative (独断的な) [形] holding stubbornly to one's own opinion

peevish (気難しい) [形] easily annoyed or irritated

covetous (貪欲な) [形] having or showing a very strong desire for something

morose (不機嫌な) [形] sullen and ill-tempered

vain (虚栄心が強い) [形] having or showing an excessively high opinion of one's appearance, abilities, or worth

talkative (おしゃべりな) [形] fond of talking

dead (失った) [形] no longer having life

彼らは独断的で、気難しく、貪欲で、不機嫌で、虚栄心が強く、おしゃべりであるだけでなく、友情を結ぶことができず、孫以下の世代には決して及ばない自然な愛情をすべて失っていた。

Envy and impotent desires are their prevailing passions.

prevailing (支配的な) [形] most frequent or common

嫉妬と無力な欲望が彼らの支配的な情熱である。

But those objects against which their envy seems principally directed, are the vices of the younger sort, and the deaths of the old.

principally (主に) [副] for the most part; mainly

object (対象) [名] a person or thing to which a specified action or feeling is directed

しかし、彼らの嫉妬が主に向けられているように見える対象は、若い世代の悪徳と老いた世代の死である。

By reflecting on the former, they find themselves cut off from all possibility of pleasure;

reflect on (振り返る) [動] think carefully about something

cut off (切り離す) [動] separate or disconnect from something

前者を振り返ると、彼らはあらゆる快楽の可能性から切り離されていることに気づく。

and whenever they see a funeral they lament and repine that others are gone to a harbor of rest, to which they themselves never can hope to arrive.

funeral (葬式) [名] a ceremony for burying or cremating a dead person

repine (悲しむ) [動] feel sad or unhappy about something

rest (安息) [名] a state of relaxation and freedom from anxiety or stress

そして葬式を見ると、自分たちが決して到達できない安息の港に他人が行ってしまったことを嘆き悲しむ。

They have no remembrance of anything but what they learned and observed in their youth and middle age, and even that is very imperfect;

have no remembrance of (覚えていない) [動] not be able to remember

but (以外は) [接] except; other than

middle age (中年期) [名] the period of time in a person's life between about 45 and 65

even (それすらも) [副] to an extreme degree

彼らは若い頃と中年期に学び、観察したこと以外は何も覚えておらず、それすらも非常に不完全である。

and for the truth or particulars of any fact it is safer to depend on common traditions than upon their best recollections.

そして、事実の真偽や詳細については、彼らの記憶に頼るよりも、一般的な伝承に頼る方が安全である。

The least miserable among them appear to be those who turn to dotage, and entirely lose their memories;

miserable (惨め) [形] wretchedly unhappy or uncomfortable

turn to (になる) [動] change into

dotage (老衰) [名] a state or period of senile decay

彼らの中で最も惨めでないのは、老衰して記憶を完全に失った人々であるように思われる。

these meet with more pity and assistance, because they want many bad qualities which abound in others.

meet with (受ける) [動] experience or encounter

quality (性質) [名] a distinctive attribute or characteristic possessed by someone or something

彼らは他の人々には豊富にある多くの悪い性質を欠いているので、より多くの哀れみと援助を受けている。

If a _struldbrug_ happen to marry one of his own kind, the marriage is dissolved of course by the courtesy of the kingdom, as soon as the younger of the two comes to be fourscore;

come to be (なる) [動] become

fourscore (八十歳) [名] eighty

courtesy (好意) [名] polite behavior

dissolve (解消される) [動] break up or cause to break up

_struldbrug_がたまたま同類と結婚した場合、二人のうち若い方が八十歳になると、王国の好意により結婚は解消される。

for the law thinks it a reasonable indulgence, that those who are condemned without any fault of their own to a perpetual continuance in the world, should not have their misery doubled by the load of a wife.

indulgence (配慮) [名] the action or fact of indulging

perpetual (永遠の) [形] never ending or changing

continuance (存続) [名] the action of continuing in a particular state or condition

なぜなら、法律は、自分の落ち度もなく永遠にこの世に生き続けることを宣告された者が、妻の重荷によってその悲惨さを倍増させてはならないと考えるからである。

As soon as they have completed the term of eighty years, they are looked on as dead in law;

complete (終える) [動] finish; bring to an end

term (任期) [名] a fixed period of time

eighty years (八十年) [名] a period of time equal to eighty years

彼らは八十年の任期を終えるとすぐに、法律上は死んだものと見なされる。

their heirs immediately succeed to their estates, only a small pittance is reserved for their support, and the poor ones are maintained at the public charge.

support (生活) [名] the state of having enough money to live

public charge (公費) [名] money that is paid by the government

彼らの相続人はすぐに彼らの財産を相続し、彼らの生活のためにわずかな小遣いが残されるだけで、貧しい者は公費で養われる。

After that period they are held incapable of any employment of trust or profit;

hold (できなくなる) [動] to cause to be or remain in a specified state

trust (信託) [名] a legal arrangement in which someone (the trustee) holds property or assets for the benefit of another person (the beneficiary)

その期間を過ぎると、彼らは信託や利益を得る仕事に就くことができなくなる。

they cannot purchase lands or take leases;

purchase (購入する) [動] acquire by paying money

lease (賃借する) [動] grant the temporary use of (something) in return for payment

土地を購入したり、賃借したりすることはできない。

neither are they allowed to be witnesses in any cause, either civil or criminal, not even for the decision of meres and bounds.

cause (裁判) [名] a lawsuit

criminal (刑事) [形] of or relating to crime

meres (境界) [名] a boundary or limit

bound (境界) [名] a boundary or limit

民事でも刑事でも、境界を決める裁判でさえ、証人になることは許されない。

At ninety they lose their teeth and hair;

ninety (九十歳) [名] the cardinal number that is the product of nine and ten

lose (抜ける) [動] be deprived of or cease to have or retain

九十歳になると歯と髪が抜ける。

they have at that age no distinction of taste, but eat and drink whatever they can get, without relish or appetite.

at that age (その年齢になると) [名] at the age of 80

no distinction (区別がつかない) [名] not able to be distinguished

taste (味覚) [名] the ability to sense the flavor of things

relish (味覚) [名] a strong liking for something

その年齢になると味覚の区別がつかなくなり、手に入るものは何でも食べたり飲んだりするが、味覚や食欲はない。

The diseases they were subject to still continue, without increasing or diminishing.

be subject to (かかる) [動] be likely to be affected by

彼らがかかる病気は、増減することなく、今も続いている。

In talking they forget the common appellation of things, and the names of persons, even of those who are their nearest friends and relations.

in talking (話すときには) [副] when speaking

common appellation (一般的な呼び名) [名] a name or descriptive phrase that is used to refer to a person, place, or thing

話すときには、物事の一般的な呼び名や人の名前を忘れてしまう。

For the same reason, they never can amuse themselves with reading, because their memory will not serve to carry them from the beginning of a sentence to the end;

for the same reason (同じ理由で) [副] for the same cause or purpose

reading (読書) [名] the activity of reading

serve (役に立つ) [動] be of use

同じ理由で、彼らは読書で自分を楽しませることはできない。なぜなら、彼らの記憶は文の最初から最後まで運んでくれる役には立たないからだ。

and by this defect they are deprived of the only entertainment whereof they might otherwise be capable.

そして、この欠陥によって、彼らはそうでなければできるかもしれない唯一の娯楽を奪われている。

The language of this country being always upon the flux, the _struldbrugs_ of one age do not understand those of another;

flux (流動的) [名] continuous change

この国の言語は常に流動的なので、ある時代のストルブルグは別の時代のストルブルグの言葉を理解できない。

neither are they able after two hundred years to hold any conversation (farther than by a few general words) with their neighbors the mortals;

two hundred years (二百年) [名] a period of 200 years

hold (行う) [動] have or keep in one's possession

二百年も経つと、彼らは隣人の人間と(二、三の一般的な言葉を除いて)会話をすることができなくなる。

and thus they lie under the disadvantage of living like foreigners in their own country.

lie under (置かれている) [動] be in a particular state or condition

こうして彼らは、自国で外国人のように暮らすという不利な状況に置かれている。

This was the account given me of the _struldbrugs_, as near as I can remember.

これが私の記憶する限り、ストルブルグについて私に与えられた説明である。

I afterwards saw five or six of different ages, the youngest not above two hundred years old, who were brought to me at several times by some of my friends;

その後、私は友人に連れられて、年齢の異なる五、六人のストルブルグに会ったが、一番若い者でも二百歳を超えていた。

but although they were told that I was a great traveler and had seen all the world, they had not the least curiosity to ask me a question;

彼らは私が偉大な旅行家で、世界中を見たことがあるということを聞かされていたが、私に質問をしようという好奇心は全くなかった。

only desired I would give them _slumskudask_, or a token of remembrance, which is a modest way of begging, to avoid the law that strictly forbids it, because they are provided for by the public, although indeed with a very scanty allowance.

slumskudask (スラムスカダスク) [名] a token of remembrance

ただ、彼らは私にスラムスカダスク、つまり記念の品物をくれと頼んだだけだったが、これは、彼らは非常にわずかな手当てではあるが、公衆から支給されているので、それを厳しく禁じている法律を避けるための、控えめな物乞いの方法である。

They are despised and hated by all sorts of people.

hate (嫌う) [動] to dislike somebody or something very much

all sorts of (あらゆる種類の) [限] many different kinds of

彼らはあらゆる種類の人々から軽蔑され、嫌われている。

When one of them is born it is reckoned ominous, and their birth is recorded very particularly;

one (誰か) [名] a person of unspecified gender

ominous (不吉な) [形] giving or indicating a threat of evil or harm

彼らの誰かが生まれると、それは不吉なことと見なされ、その誕生は非常に詳細に記録される。

so that you may know their age by consulting the registry, which however has not been kept above a thousand years past, or at least has been destroyed by time or public disturbances.

registry (登録簿) [名] an official list or record

そのため、登録簿を調べれば年齢を知ることができるが、それは千年以上も保存されていないか、少なくとも時間の経過や社会不安によって破壊されている。

But the usual way of computing how old they are, is by asking them what kings or great persons they can remember, and then consulting history;

しかし、彼らの年齢を計算する通常の方法は、彼らにどんな王や偉人を覚えているかを尋ね、それから歴史を調べることである。

for infallibly the last prince in their mind did not begin his reign after they were fourscore years old.

mind (記憶) [名] the ability to remember things

彼らの記憶にある最後の君主は、彼らが80歳を過ぎてから即位したわけではないからである。

They were the most mortifying sight I ever beheld;

beheld (見た) [動] past tense of behold

mortifying (屈辱的な) [形] causing a strong feeling of embarrassment or shame

彼らは私が今まで見た中で最も屈辱的な光景だった。

and the women were more horrible than the men.

しかも女は男よりも恐ろしかった。

Besides the usual deformities in extreme old age, they acquired an additional ghastliness in proportion to their number of years, which is not to be described;

deformity (醜さ) [名] the state of being deformed

old age (老齢) [名] the later part of life

acquire (呈する) [動] to come into possession or ownership of

additional (さらなる) [形] added, extra, or supplementary

ghastliness (恐ろしい容貌) [名] the state of being ghastly

describe (尽くす) [動] to give an account of something

老齢に伴う通常の醜さに加えて、彼らは年齢に比例して、筆舌に尽くしがたい恐ろしい容貌を呈していた。

and among half a dozen, I soon distinguished which was the eldest, although there was not above a century or two between them.

century (世紀) [名] a period of 100 years

彼らの年齢差はせいぜい一世紀か二世紀程度だったが、私はすぐにそのうちの誰が最年長かを見分けることができた。

The reader will easily believe, that from what I had heard and seen, my keen appetite for perpetuity of life was much abated.

keen (強い) [形] having or showing eagerness or enthusiasm

読者は、私が聞いたり見たりしたことから、永遠の命に対する私の強い欲求がかなり弱まったことを容易に信じてくれるだろう。

I grew heartily ashamed of the pleasing visions I had formed, and thought no tyrant could invent a death into which I would not run with pleasure from such a life.

grow ashamed (恥ずかしく思うようになる) [動] start to feel ashamed

pleasing vision (楽しい幻想) [名] a pleasant fantasy

form (抱く) [動] to have or hold in the mind

invent (思いつく) [動] to create or design something that has not existed before

run into (逃げ込む) [動] to go into something quickly or suddenly

私は自分が抱いていた楽しい幻想を心から恥ずかしく思うようになり、どんな暴君も、こんな人生から喜んで逃げ込まないような死を思いつくことはできないだろうと思った。

The king heard of all that had passed between me and my friends upon this occasion, and rallied me very pleasantly, wishing I would send a couple of _struldbrugs_ to my own country, to arm our people against the fear of death;

pass (起こる) [動] take place; happen

occasion (件) [名] a particular event, or the time at which it takes place

pleasantly (愉快に) [副] in a way that is pleasant or enjoyable

wish (言う) [動] express a wish or hope

couple (二、三人) [名] two people considered as a unit

struldbrug (ストルドブルグ) [名] a type of immortal being in the story

国王は、この件で私と友人たちの間で起こったことをすべて聞き、私をとても愉快にからかい、私の国に二、三人のストルドブルグを送って、国民が死の恐怖に立ち向かえるようにしてくれればよかったのに、と言った。

but this, it seems, is forbidden by the fundamental laws of the kingdom, or else I should have been well content with the trouble and expense of transporting them.

しかし、これは王国の基本法で禁じられているようで、そうでなければ私は彼らを運ぶ手間と費用を喜んで負担しただろう。

I could not but agree that the laws of this kingdom relative to the _struldbrugs_ were founded upon the strongest reasons, and such as any other country would be under the necessity of enacting in the like circumstances.

relative to (に関する) [形] connected with; having reference to

such as (など) [接] for example

be under the necessity of (する必要に迫られる) [動] to be required or compelled to do something

enact (制定する) [動] to make into law

similar (同様の) [形] having a likeness or resemblance, especially in a general way

私は、この王国のストルドブルグに関する法律が最も強固な理由に基づいており、他の国でも同様の状況で制定する必要があることに同意せざるを得なかった。

Otherwise, as avarice is the necessary consequent of old age, those immortals would in time become proprietors of the whole nation, and engross the civil power, which, for want of abilities to manage, must end in the ruin of the public.

immortal (不死者) [名] a being that will live forever

in time (やがて) [副] eventually

proprietor (所有者) [名] a person who has legal ownership of a business or other organization

engross (独占する) [動] occupy all of someone's attention or time

civil power (市民権力) [名] the power of the people

そうでなければ、貪欲は老齢の必然的な結果であるため、これらの不死者たちはやがて国全体の所有者となり、統治能力の欠如から国民の破滅に終わるであろう市民権力を独占することになるだろう。

CHAPTER XI

CHAPTER XI (第十一章) [名] the eleventh chapter

第十一章

THE AUTHOR LEAVES LUGGNAGG AND SAILS TO JAPAN—FROM THENCE HE RETURNS IN A DUTCH SHIP TO AMSTERDAM, AND FROM AMSTERDAM TO ENGLAND.

著者はラグナグを去り、日本へ向かうーそこからオランダ船でアムステルダムへ、アムステルダムからイギリスへ帰国する。

I thought this account of the _struldbrugs_ might be some entertainment to the reader, because it seems to be a little out of the common way;

私は、このストルドブルグの話は、少し普通とは違うように思われるので、読者にとって多少の娯楽になるかもしれないと思った。

at least I do not remember to have met the like in any book of travels that has come to my hands.

do not remember (覚えていない) [動] not be able to recall

have met (載っていなかった) [動] have come across

in any book (どの本にも) [名] a set of sheets of paper, parchment, or similar materials that are fastened together to hinge at one side

of travels (旅行記) [名] a book describing one or more journeys

that has come to my hands (私の手元にある) [名] the end of the arm beyond the wrist

少なくとも、私の手元にあるどの旅行記にも、このような話は載っていなかったように思う。

And if I am deceived, my excuse must be, that it is necessary for travelers who describe the same country, very often to agree in dwelling on the same particulars, without deserving the censure of having borrowed or transcribed from those who wrote before them.

transcribe (書き写す) [動] write out a copy of something

もし私が間違っているとしても、同じ国を記述する旅行者にとって、先に書いた人から借用したり、書き写したりしたという非難に値することなく、同じ事柄について詳細に述べることに同意することが非常に多いということは、私の言い訳に違いない。

There is indeed a perpetual commerce between this kingdom and the great empire of Japan, and it is very probable that the Japanese authors may have given some account of the _struldbrugs_; but my stay in Japan was so short, and I was so entirely a stranger to that language, that I was not qualified to make any inquiries.

qualified (資格がある) [形] having the necessary skill, knowledge, or experience to do something

確かにこの王国と日本の大帝国の間には永続的な通商があり、日本の作家がストルドブルグについて何か説明している可能性は非常に高いが、私の日本滞在は非常に短く、私はその言語に全く疎かったので、私は何の調査もする資格がなかった。

But I hope the Dutch, upon this notice, will be curious and able enough to supply my defects.

notice (通知) [名] a formal statement that gives information or instructions

able (能力) [形] having the power or skill to do something

しかし、私はこの通知を受けたオランダ人が、私の欠陥を補うだけの好奇心と能力を備えていることを期待している。

His majesty having often pressed me to accept some employment in his court, and finding me absolutely determined to return to my native country, was pleased to give me his license to depart, and honored me with a letter of recommendation under his own hand, to the Emperor of Japan.

depart (出国する) [動] leave or go away from

honor (書いてくださった) [動] regard or treat with great respect

recommendation (推薦) [名] a proposal or suggestion

Emperor (天皇陛下) [名] the sovereign ruler of an empire

陛下は、私に宮廷で何かの職に就くようにと何度も勧めてくださったが、私が母国に帰る決意を固めていることを知り、喜んで出国許可証をくださり、自筆で日本の天皇陛下への推薦状を書いてくださった。

He likewise presented me with four hundred and forty-four large pieces of gold (this nation delighting in even numbers), and a red diamond which I sold in England for eleven hundred pounds.

four hundred and forty-four (四百四十四) [数] 444

delighting (好む) [動] take great pleasure in

even (偶数) [形] divisible by two

red (赤い) [形] of the color intermediate between orange and violet, as of blood, fire, or rubies

eleven hundred (千百) [数] 1100

彼はまた、私に四百四十四枚の大きな金貨(この国は偶数を好む)と、私がイギリスで千百ポンドで売った赤いダイヤモンドを贈ってくれた。

On the sixth of May, 1709, I took a solemn leave of his majesty and all my friends.

on the sixth of May (五月六日) [名] the sixth day of the month of May

take a leave (別れを告げる) [動] say goodbye

一七〇九年五月六日、私は陛下と友人全員に厳粛に別れを告げた。

This prince was so gracious as to order a guard to conduct me to Glanguenstald, which is a royal port to the southwest part of the island.

Glanguenstald (グランゲンスタルド) [名] a royal port to the southwest part of the island

この王子は、私を島の南西部にある王立港であるグランゲンスタルドまで案内するよう衛兵に命じるほど親切だった。

In six days I found a vessel ready to carry me to Japan, and spent fifteen days in the voyage.

spend (かける) [動] pass or occupy (time) in a specified way

fifteen days (十五日) [名] fifteen days

六日後に私は日本へ行く船を見つけ、十五日かけて航海した。

We landed at a small port town called Xamoschi, situated on the southeast part of Japan; the town lies on the western point, where there is a narrow strait leading northward into a long arm of the sea, upon the northwest part of which Yedo, the metropolis, stands.

lie (位置する) [動] be in a specified position or place

strait (海峡) [名] a narrow channel of water connecting two larger bodies of water

lead (伸びる) [動] extend in a specified direction

arm (入江) [名] a large inlet of the sea

stand (ある) [動] be in a specified state or condition

私たちは日本の南東部にあるザモシという小さな港町に上陸した。この町は西端に位置し、北に向かって長い海峡が伸び、その北西部に首都江戸がある。

At landing I showed the customhouse officers my letter from the king of Luggnagg to his imperial majesty.

customhouse (税関) [名] a government office where customs are collected

上陸すると、私は税関職員にラグナグ王から皇帝陛下への手紙を見せた。

They knew the seal perfectly well;

彼らは印章をよく知っていた。

it was as broad as the palm of my hand.

それは私の手のひらと同じくらい広かった。

The impression was a king lifting up a lame beggar from the earth.

impression (印章) [名] a mark or design made by pressing something into a surface

印章には王が足の不自由な乞食を地面から抱き上げる様子が描かれていた。

The magistrates of the town, hearing of my letter, received me as a public minister;

magistrate (行政官) [名] a civil officer or lay judge who administers the law

public minister (公使) [名] a diplomat who is accredited to the government of a foreign country

町の行政官は私の手紙を聞いて、私を公使として迎えてくれた。

they provided me with carriages and servants, and bore my charges to Yedo, where I was admitted to an audience, and delivered my letter, which was opened with great ceremony, and explained to the emperor by an interpreter, who then gave me notice, by his majesty’s order, that I should signify my request, and whatever it were, it should be granted for the sake of his royal brother of Luggnagg.

Yedo (江戸) [名] the former name of Tokyo

notice (告げる) [動] perceive or become aware of

sake (~のために) [名] for the purpose of; in the interest of

彼らは私に馬車と召使を用意し、私の費用を負担して江戸まで連れて行ってくれた。そこで私は謁見を許され、手紙を渡した。手紙は盛大な儀式で開封され、通訳によって皇帝に説明された。通訳は皇帝の命令により、私が要望を伝えれば、それが何であれ、ラグナグの王である兄弟のために叶えられるだろうと私に告げた。

This interpreter was a person employed to transact affairs with the Hollanders;

transact (交渉する) [動] carry out or conduct

この通訳はオランダ人との交渉に雇われた人物だった。

he soon conjectured by my countenance, that I was a European, and therefore repeated his majesty’s commands in Low Dutch, which he spoke perfectly well.

Low Dutch (低地ドイツ語) [名] a West Germanic language spoken in the Netherlands and Belgium

彼はすぐに私の顔つきから私がヨーロッパ人だと推測し、そのため、彼が完璧に話せる低地ドイツ語で皇帝の命令を繰り返した。

I answered, as I had before determined, that I was a Dutch merchant, shipwrecked in a remote country, whence I traveled by sea and land to Luggnagg, and then took shipping for Japan, where I knew my countrymen often traded, and with some of these I hoped to get an opportunity of returning into Europe.

Dutch (オランダの) [形] of or relating to the Netherlands or its people

私は以前に決めていたように、私はオランダの商人で、遠い国で難破し、そこから海と陸路でラグナグに行き、それから日本行きの船に乗ったと答えた。日本では私の同胞がよく貿易をしており、そのうちの何人かとヨーロッパに帰る機会を得られるのではないかと期待していた。

I therefore most humbly entreated his royal favor, to give order that I should be conducted in safety to Nangasac.

entreat (請う) [動] ask for something earnestly

give order (命令を下す) [動] to give an order

conduct (連れて行く) [動] to lead or guide

Nangasac (長崎) [名] a city in Japan

そのため、私は最も謙虚に皇帝の恩寵を請い、私が無事に長崎に連れて行かれるよう命令を下してもらえるよう頼んだ。

To this I added another petition, that for the sake of my patron the king of Luggnagg his majesty would condescend to excuse my performing the ceremony imposed on my countrymen of trampling upon the crucifix, because I had been thrown into his kingdom by my misfortunes, without any intention of trading.

add (加える) [動] join or combine two or more things together

sake (ため) [名] purpose or reason

condescend (配慮する) [動] do something that you think is below your dignity

excuse (免除する) [動] release someone from a duty or requirement

impose (課する) [動] force (something unwelcome or unfamiliar) to be accepted or put in place

crucifix (十字架) [名] a representation of a cross with a figure of Jesus Christ on it

これに加えて、私はもう一つ嘆願した。私の後援者であるラグナグ王のために、私は不幸にも貿易の意思もなくこの国に投げ込まれたため、私の同胞に課せられた十字架を踏みつける儀式を免除してもらえるよう、皇帝陛下がご配慮くださるようにと。

When this latter petition was interpreted to the emperor, he seemed a little surprised, and said he believed I was the first of my countrymen who ever made any scruple in this point, and that he began to doubt whether I was a real Hollander or no;

a little (少し) [副] to a small extent

surprised (驚いた) [形] feeling or showing surprise

この後者の嘆願が皇帝に伝えられた時、彼は少し驚いたようで、私がこの点で良心の呵責を感じた最初の同胞だと思い、私が本当のオランダ人なのかどうか疑い始めたと言った。

but rather suspected that I must be a Christian.

suspect (思う) [動] believe or think that something is true or probable

むしろ、私はキリスト教徒に違いないと思った。

However, for the reasons I had offered, but chiefly to gratify the king of Luggnagg by an uncommon mark of his favor, he would comply with the singularity of my humor;

gratify (喜ばせる) [動] give pleasure to

uncommon (珍しい) [形] not common; unusual

しかし、私が申し出た理由から、主にラグナグ王を喜ばせるために、彼は私の気まぐれに従うことにした。

but the affair must be managed with dexterity, and his officers should be commanded to let me pass as it were by forgetfulness;

let (通過させる) [動] to allow to pass

forgetfulness (忘れたように) [名] the state of having forgotten something

しかし、この件は巧みに処理されなければならず、彼の役人たちは、私を忘れたように通過させるように命じられるべきだった。

for he assured me that if the secret should be discovered by my countrymen, the Dutch, they would cut my throat on the voyage.

なぜなら、もしこの秘密が私の同胞であるオランダ人に発見されたら、彼らは航海中に私の喉を切るだろうと彼は私に保証したからだ。

I returned my thanks, by the interpreter, for so unusual a favor;

私は通訳を通して、このような異例の好意に対して感謝の意を表した。

and some troops being at that time on the march to Nangasac, the commanding officer had orders to convey me safe thither, with particular instructions about the business of the crucifix.

on the march (行進している) [動] walk or proceed in a military manner

commanding officer (指揮官) [名] the officer in charge of a military operation

convey (連れて行く) [動] take or carry from one place to another

当時、一部の部隊がナンガサックに向かって行進していたので、指揮官は十字架の件について特別な指示を受け、私を無事にそこまで連れて行くよう命令を受けた。

On the 9th day of June, 1709, I arrived at Nangasac, after a very long and troublesome journey.

on the 9th day of June (6月9日) [名] the ninth day of the sixth month of the year

1709 (1709年) [名] the year 1709

very long (長い) [形] of great or more than average length

1709年6月9日、私は長く面倒な旅を終えてナンガサックに到着した。

I soon fell into company of some Dutch sailors belonging to the Amboyna of Amsterdam, a stout ship of 450 tons.

fall into (仲良くなる) [動] become friends with

belong to (所属する) [動] be a member of

Amboyna (アンボイナ号) [名] a ship

Amsterdam (アムステルダム) [名] the capital city of the Netherlands

私はすぐに、450トンの頑丈な船であるアムステルダムのアンボイナ号に所属するオランダ人船員たちと仲良くなった。

I had lived long in Holland, pursuing my studies at Leyden, and I spoke Dutch well.

long (長く) [副] for a long time

Holland (オランダ) [名] a country in western Europe

pursue (続ける) [動] follow or carry on

私はライデンで勉強を続けるために長くオランダに住んでいたので、オランダ語が堪能だった。

The seamen soon knew whence I came last;

船員たちはすぐに私がどこから来たのかを知った。

they were curious to inquire into my voyages and course of life.

be curious to (知りたがる) [動] want to know something

course (歩み) [名] the way in which something progresses or develops

彼らは私の航海や人生の歩みについて知りたがっていた。

I made up a story as short and probable as I could, but concealed the greatest part.

make up (でっち上げる) [動] invent or fabricate

probable (ありそうな) [形] likely to happen or be true

私はできるだけ短く、ありそうな話をでっち上げたが、大部分は隠した。

I knew many persons in Holland;

私はオランダに多くの知り合いがいた。

I was able to invent names for my parents, whom I pretended to be obscure people in the province of Gelderland.

私は両親の名前をでっち上げることができ、ヘルダーランド州の無名の人物のふりをした。

I would have given the captain (one Theodorus Vangrult) what he pleased to ask for my voyage to Holland;

Theodorus Vangrult (テオドルス・ヴァングルート) [名] a person's name

私は船長(テオドルス・ヴァングルートという人物)にオランダへの航海を頼むために彼が喜ぶものを何でも差し出しただろう。

but understanding I was a surgeon, he was contented to take half the usual rate, on condition that I would serve him in the way of my calling.

rate (料金) [名] a fixed price paid or charged for a good or service

calling (職業) [名] a profession or occupation

しかし、私が外科医だと分かると、彼は私が自分の職業で彼に仕えるという条件で、通常の半額で満足した。

Before we took ship, I was often asked by some of the crew whether I had performed the ceremony above mentioned.

take ship (船に乗る) [動] go on board a ship

船に乗る前に、私は乗組員の何人かから、上記の儀式を行ったかどうかをよく尋ねられた。

I evaded the question by general answers that I had satisfied the emperor and court in all particulars.

evade (回避する) [動] escape or avoid, especially by cleverness or trickery

general answer (一般的な答え) [名] a reply that does not provide any specific details

all particulars (あらゆる点) [名] all the details or aspects of something

私は、皇帝と宮廷をあらゆる点で満足させたという一般的な答えで質問を回避した。

However, a malicious rogue of a skipper went to an officer, and pointing to me, told him I had not yet trampled on the crucifix;

skipper (船長) [名] the master of a ship

しかし、船長の悪意のある悪党が役人のところに行き、私を指さして、私がまだ十字架を踏みつけていないと告げた。

but the other, who had received instructions to let me pass, gave the rascal twenty strokes on the shoulders with a bamboo;

let (通す) [動] allow to pass

bamboo (竹) [名] a woody perennial evergreen plant with hollow stems

しかし、私を通すように指示を受けていた役人は、その悪党の肩を竹で20回打った。

after which I was no more troubled with such questions.

no more (もはや~ない) [副] not any longer; no longer

その後、私はそのような質問に悩まされることはなくなった。

Nothing happened worth mentioning in this voyage.

この航海では特筆すべきことは何も起こらなかった。

We sailed with a fair wind to the Cape of Good Hope, where we stayed only to take in fresh water.

fair wind (順風) [名] a wind that blows in a direction that is favorable to a ship's course

順風に恵まれて喜望峰まで航海し、そこでは真水を積み込むために滞在しただけだった。

On the 16th of April we arrived safe at Amsterdam, having lost only three men by sickness in the voyage, and a fourth who fell from the foremast into the sea, not far from the coast of Guinea.

16th (16日) [名] the sixteenth day of the month

sickness (病気) [名] a disease or period of sickness affecting the body and mind

foremast (前檣) [名] the mast nearest the bow of a ship

far (遠くない) [形] a long way off

4月16日、我々はアムステルダムに無事に到着し、航海中に病気で3人、ギニアの海岸からそう遠くないところで前檣から海に落ちた1人を失っただけだった。

From Amsterdam I soon after set sail for England, in a small vessel belonging to that city.

アムステルダムから私はすぐに、その都市に属する小さな船でイギリスに向けて出航した。

On the 10th of April, 1710, we put in at the Downs.

the 10th of April (4月10日) [名] the tenth day of the fourth month of the year

1710 (1710年) [名] the year 1710

put in (寄港する) [動] make a stop at a port

1710年4月10日、我々はダウンズに寄港した。

I landed the next morning, and saw once more my native country, after an absence of five years and six months complete.

five years and six months (5年と6ヶ月) [名] a period of time

私は翌朝上陸し、5年と6ヶ月の不在を経て、再び母国を見た。

I went straight to Redriff, where I arrived the same day at two in the afternoon, and found my wife and family in good health.

go straight to (直行する) [動] go directly to

same day (同日) [名] the day that is currently happening

私はレッドリフに直行し、同日午後2時に到着し、妻と家族が元気でいるのを確認した。

A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS

A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS (フウイヌム国への旅) [名] the title of the fourth part of Gulliver's Travels

フウイヌム国への旅

CHAPTER I

第一章

THE AUTHOR SETS OUT AS CAPTAIN OF A SHIP—HIS MEN CONSPIRE AGAINST HIM, CONFINE HIM A LONG TIME TO HIS CABIN, AND SET HIM ON SHORE IN AN UNKNOWN LAND—HE TRAVELS UP IN THE COUNTRY—THE YAHOOS, A STRANGE SORT OF ANIMAL, DESCRIBED—THE AUTHOR MEETS TWO HOUYHNHNMS.

conspire (反逆する) [動] to join in a secret agreement to do something harmful or illegal

set on shore (置き去りにする) [動] to leave someone or something on the shore

unknown land (未知の土地) [名] a land that is not known or familiar

travel up (旅する) [動] to go to a place that is further north

yahoo (ヤフー) [名] a rude, unsophisticated, or violent person

著者は船長として出発するー彼の船員たちは彼に反逆し、彼を長い間船室に閉じ込め、未知の土地に彼を置き去りにするー彼は国を旅するー奇妙な動物の一種であるヤフーについて説明するー著者は2人のフウイヌムと出会う。

I continued at home with my wife and children about five months in a very happy condition, if I could have learned the lesson of knowing when I was well.

five months (5ヶ月) [名] a period of time equal to 30 days

well (元気) [形] in good health

私は妻や子供たちと家で約5ヶ月間、とても幸せな状態で過ごした。もし私が元気な時に知るという教訓を学ぶことができたら。

I left my poor wife big with child, and accepted an advantageous offer made me to be captain of the Adventure, a stout merchantman of 350 tons: for I understood navigation well, and being grown weary of a surgeon’s employment at sea, which, however, I could exercise upon occasion, I took a skillful young man of that calling, one Robert Purefoy, into my ship.

big (身ごもった) [形] pregnant

accept (受ける) [動] receive willingly

understand (精通していた) [動] know and be able to use

exercise (できた) [動] use or apply

occasion (時々) [名] a particular time

skillful (熟練した) [形] having or showing great skill

Robert Purefoy (ロバート・ピュアフォイ) [名] a person's name

私は子供を身ごもった妻を残して、350トンの頑丈な商船アドベンチャー号の船長になるという有利な申し出を受けた。私は航海術に精通していたし、海での外科医の仕事に飽き飽きしていたが、それでも時々は外科医の仕事ができたので、その職業の熟練した若者、ロバート・ピュアフォイを船に乗せた。

We set sail from Portsmouth upon the 7th day of August, 1710; on the 14th, we met with Captain Pocock of Bristol, at Tenerife, who was going to the bay of Campeachy to cut logwood.

the 7th day of August, 1710 (1710年8月7日) [名] a date

the 14th (14日) [名] a date

meet with (出会う) [動] come together with

Captain Pocock (ポコック船長) [名] a person's name

Tenerife (テネリフェ島) [名] the largest of the Canary Islands

Campeachy (カンペチェ) [名] a state in southeastern Mexico

logwood (ログウッド) [名] a type of tree

1710年8月7日、我々はポーツマスから出航した。14日、我々はテネリフェ島でブリストルのポコック船長と出会った。彼はカンペチェ湾にログウッドを切りに行くところだった。

On the 16th, he was parted from us by a storm: I heard since my return, that his ship foundered, and none escaped but one cabin-boy.

on the 16th (16日) [名] the sixteenth day of the month

be parted from (別れる) [動] be separated from

escape (逃げる) [動] get away from a place or situation

cabin-boy (船室の少年) [名] a boy who works on a ship

16日、彼は嵐で私たちと別れた。帰国してから聞いた話では、彼の船は沈没し、船室の少年1人以外は誰も逃げることができなかったという。

He was an honest man, and a good sailor, but a little too positive in his own opinions;

positive (自信過剰な) [形] confident and optimistic

彼は正直者で、優れた船乗りだったが、自分の意見に少し自信過剰だった。

which was the cause of his destruction, as it has been of several others: for if he had followed my advice, he might have been safe at home with his family at this time as well as myself.

それが彼の破滅の原因であり、他の多くの人にも同じことが言える。もし彼が私の忠告に従っていたら、今頃は私と同じように家族と共に家で無事に過ごしていたかもしれない。

I had several men died in my ship of calentures, so that I was forced to get recruits out of Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands, where I touched by the direction of the merchants who employed me;

calenture (熱病) [名] a fever formerly supposed to affect sailors in the tropics

recruit (新兵) [名] a newly enlisted member of the armed forces

Barbadoes (バルバドス) [名] an island country in the Caribbean

Leeward Islands (リーワード諸島) [名] a group of islands in the Caribbean

船の中で熱病で何人か死んでしまったので、私を雇った商人の指示で立ち寄ったバルバドスとリーワード諸島で新兵を募集せざるを得なかった。

which I had soon too much cause to repent;

too much (あまりにも多く) [副] more than enough

すぐに後悔する原因があまりにも多くなってしまった。

for I found afterwards that most of them had been buccaneers.

buccaneer (海賊) [名] a pirate who preyed on Spanish shipping in the West Indies

後でわかったことだが、彼らのほとんどは海賊だったのだ。

I had fifty hands on board, and my orders were, that I should trade with the Indians in the South Sea, and make what discoveries I could.

hand (船員) [名] a person who works on a ship

Indian (インディアン) [名] a member of any of the indigenous peoples of the Americas

船には五十人の船員が乗っており、私の命令は南海でインディアンと交易し、できる限りの探検をすることだった。

These rogues whom I had picked up debauched my other men, and they all formed a conspiracy to seize the ship and secure me;

debauch (堕落させる) [動] corrupt morally

seize (乗っ取る) [動] take or keep in possession by force

私が拾ったこの悪党どもは他の船員を堕落させ、船を乗っ取って私を拘束しようと共謀した。

which they did one morning, rushing into my cabin, and binding me hand and foot, threatening to throw me overboard if I offered to stir.

rush into (押し入る) [動] enter in a hurry

ある朝、彼らは私の船室に押し入り、手足を縛り、もしも抵抗したら船から放り投げると脅した。

I told them I was their prisoner and would submit.

prisoner (捕虜) [名] a person who is deprived of liberty and kept under involuntary restraint, confinement, or custody

私は彼らに、自分は捕虜であり、従うつもりだと告げた。

This they made me swear to do, and then they unbound me, only fastening one of my legs with a chain, near my bed, and placed a sentry at my door with his piece charged, who was commanded to shoot me dead, if I attempted my liberty.

sentry (歩哨) [名] a soldier stationed to keep guard

piece (銃) [名] a firearm

charge (構える) [動] load or fill with something

彼らは私にそう誓わせ、それから私を解放したが、片足だけをベッドの近くで鎖で縛り、私のドアの前に銃を構えた歩哨を置き、もし私が自由になろうとしたら私を射殺せよと命じた。

They sent me down victuals and drink, and took the government of the ship to themselves.

send down (送り込む) [動] cause to go or come down

victuals (食事) [名] food or other provisions

government (支配権) [名] the body with the authority to govern a state or country

彼らは私に食事と飲み物を送り、船の支配権を自分たちのものにした。

Their design was to turn pirates, and plunder the Spaniards, which they could not do till they got more men.

turn (なる) [動] change in nature, state, form, or appearance

plunder (略奪する) [動] steal goods from a place or person by force, especially in a war or riot

Spaniard (スペイン人) [名] a native or inhabitant of Spain

彼らの計画は海賊になってスペイン人を略奪することだったが、もっと人数が揃わないとそれはできなかった。

But first they resolved to sell the goods in the ship, and then go to Madagascar for recruits, several among them having died since my confinement.

しかし、まず船の積み荷を売り、それからマダガスカルに新兵を募りに行くことに決めた。私が監禁されてから、彼らのうち数人が死んでいた。

They sailed many weeks, and traded with the Indians; but I knew not what course they took, being kept a close prisoner in my cabin, and expecting nothing less than to be murdered, as they often threatened me.

course (航路) [名] the route or direction followed by a ship, aircraft, road, or river

彼らは何週間も航海し、インディアンと交易したが、私は船室に閉じ込められていたので、彼らがどんな航路をとったのかは知らず、彼らがよく私を脅迫していたように、殺される以外に何も期待していなかった。

Upon the 9th of May, 1711, one James Welch came down to my cabin, and said he had orders from the captain to set me ashore.

Upon the 9th of May, 1711 (1711年5月9日) [名] a date

one James Welch (ジェームズ・ウェルチという男) [名] a man named James Welch

come down to (降りてくる) [動] move from a higher to a lower position

have orders from (命令される) [動] receive an order from

set ashore (上陸させる) [動] put or take ashore

1711年5月9日、ジェームズ・ウェルチという男が私の船室に降りてきて、船長から私を上陸させるよう命令されたと言った。

I expostulated with him, but in vain;

私は彼に抗議したが、無駄だった。

neither would he so much as tell me who their new captain was.

so much as (さえ) [副] to the extent of

彼は新しい船長が誰かも教えてくれなかった。

They forced me into the longboat, letting me put on my best suit of clothes, which were as good as new, and take a small bundle of linen, but no arms except my hanger;

as good as new (新品同様) [形] in very good condition

no arms (武器は持たせてくれなかった) [名] no weapons

彼らは私を長艇に押し込み、新品同様の一番いい服を着せ、リネンの小さな包みを持たせてくれたが、私のハンガー以外に武器は持たせてくれなかった。

and they were so civil as not to search my pockets, into which I conveyed what money I had, with some other little necessaries.

彼らは私のポケットを探さないほど礼儀正しく、私はそこに持っていたお金と他の小さな必需品を入れた。

They rowed about a league, and then set me down on a strand.

彼らは約一リーグ漕ぎ、それから私を岸に降ろした。

I desired them to tell me what country it was.

私はここがどこの国か教えてくれるよう頼んだ。

They all swore they knew no more than myself, but said that the captain (as they called him) was resolved, after they had sold the lading, to get rid of me in the first place where they could discover land.

lading (積荷) [名] the cargo carried by a ship

get rid of (追い払う) [動] dispose of

彼らは皆、自分も私と同じくらいしか知らないと誓ったが、船長(彼らはそう呼んでいた)は積荷を売った後、陸地を発見できる最初の場所で私を追い払おうと決意していたと言った。

They pushed off immediately, advising me to make haste for fear of being overtaken by the tide, and so bade me farewell.

push off (押し出す) [動] move away from the shore

advise (忠告する) [動] give advice to

make haste (急ぐ) [動] hurry

彼らはすぐに船を押し出し、潮に追い越される恐れがあるので急ぐように忠告し、私に別れを告げた。

In this desolate condition I advanced, and soon got upon firm ground, where I sat down on a bank to rest myself, and consider what I had best to do.

sit down (腰を下ろす) [動] take a seat

こんな荒涼とした状況の中、私は前進し、やがて固い地面に着き、そこで土手に腰を下ろして休み、何をしたらいいか考えた。

When I was a little refreshed, I went up into the country, resolving to deliver myself to the first savages I should meet, and purchase my life from them by some bracelets, glass rings, and other toys which sailors usually provide themselves with in those voyages, and whereof I had some about me.

go up (向かう) [動] move or travel toward

bracelet (ブレスレット) [名] an ornament or band worn around the wrist

少し元気を取り戻した私は、内地に向かい、最初に出会った野蛮人に身を任せ、船乗りがそういった航海に備えて通常用意しているブレスレットやガラスの指輪、その他の玩具で命を買い取ろうと決意した。

The land was divided by long rows of trees, not regularly planted, but naturally growing;

row (列) [名] a series of people or things arranged in a straight line

regularly (規則正しく) [副] at regular intervals

plant (植える) [動] put (a plant) in the ground and cover with earth for growth

土地は、規則正しく植えられたのではなく、自然に生えている長い木の列で分断されていた。

there was great plenty of grass, and several fields of oats.

草がとても豊富で、麦畑もいくつかあった。

I walked very circumspectly, for fear of being surprised, or suddenly shot with an arrow from behind or on either side.

surprise (不意打ち) [名] an unexpected event

私は、不意打ちを食らったり、後ろや横から突然矢を射られたりしないよう、とても用心深く歩いた。

I fell into a beaten road, where I saw many tracks of human feet, and some of cows, but most of horses.

beaten road (踏みならされた道) [名] a road that has been used a lot

track (足跡) [名] a mark left by a person walking

私は踏みならされた道に出た。そこには人間の足跡がたくさんあり、牛の足跡も少しあったが、ほとんどが馬の足跡だった。

At last I beheld several animals in a field, and one or two of the same kind sitting in trees.

one or two (一匹か二匹) [名] a small number of

ついに私は野原に何匹かの動物がいるのを見たが、同じ種類の動物が一匹か二匹木に座っていた。

Their shape was very singular and deformed, which a little discomposed me, so that I lay down behind a thicket to observe them better.

thicket (茂み) [名] a dense growth of shrubs or bushes

その形は非常に奇妙で醜く、私は少し動揺したので、茂みの後ろに横になってもっとよく観察した。

Some of them coming forward near the place where I lay, gave me an opportunity of distinctly marking their form.

come forward (近づく) [動] move closer

mark (観察する) [動] notice or perceive

何匹かが私の横たわっている場所の近くまで来たので、私はその姿をはっきりと観察する機会を得た。

Their heads and breasts were covered with a thick hair, some frizzled and others lank;

frizzle (縮れる) [動] form into small tight curls

other (他のもの) [限] used to refer to a person or thing that is different or distinct from one already mentioned or known about

lank (つやがない) [形] lacking energy or vitality

頭と胸は厚い毛で覆われ、縮れたものもあれば、つやのないものもあった。

they had beards like goats, and a long ridge of hair down their backs, and the foreparts of their legs and feet;

goat (ヤギ) [名] a mammal that is often kept for its milk or meat

ヤギのような髭を生やし、背中や脚の前部や足に長い毛の尾根があった。

but the rest of their bodies was bare, so that I might see their skins, which were of a brown buff color.

bare (むき出し) [形] not covered or clothed

brown (褐色) [形] of the color intermediate between red and yellow in the spectrum; of a color produced by combining red and yellow

しかし、体の他の部分はむき出しだったので、私はその肌を見ることができたが、それは褐色の黄褐色だった。

They had no tails, and used the sitting posture, as well as lying down, and often stood on their hind feet.

尻尾はなく、座ったり横になったり、後ろ足で立ったりしていた。

They climbed high trees as nimbly as a squirrel, for they had strong extended claws before and behind, terminating in sharp points, and hooked.

squirrel (リス) [名] a small rodent with a bushy tail

nimbly (すばしっこく) [副] in a quick and agile way

extended (伸びた) [形] made or become longer

彼らはリスのようにすばしっこく高い木に登ったが、前後に強く伸びた爪があり、先端が尖って引っかかっていたからだ。

They would often spring, and bound, and leap, with prodigious agility.

bound (跳びはねる) [動] move up and down or from side to side with great force

彼らはよく跳ねたり、跳びはねたり、驚くほど機敏に跳んだりした。

The females were not so large as the males;

female (メス) [名] a person or animal of the sex that can bear offspring

male (オス) [名] a person or animal of the sex that produces spermatozoa

メスはオスほど大きくなかった。

they had long lank hair on their backs, but none on their faces, nor anything more than a sort of down on the rest of their bodies.

背中には長い毛が生えていたが、顔には毛がなく、体の他の部分には産毛のようなものが生えているだけだった。

The hair of both sexes was of several colors, brown, red, black, and yellow.

両性の毛は茶色、赤、黒、黄色など数色あった。

Upon the whole I never beheld in all my travels so disagreeable an animal, nor one against which I naturally conceived so strong an antipathy;

antipathy (反感) [名] a strong feeling of dislike

全体として、私はこれまでの旅の中でこれほど不快な動物を見たことがなく、またこれほど強い反感を抱いた動物もいなかった。

so that thinking I had seen enough, full of contempt and aversion, I got up, and pursued the beaten road, hoping it might direct me to the cabin of some Indian.

aversion (嫌悪) [名] a feeling of intense dislike

get up (立ち上がる) [動] rise to a standing position

pursue (たどる) [動] follow or chase after

beaten road (道) [名] a path that has been worn down by repeated use

だから、もう十分見たと思い、軽蔑と嫌悪感を抱いて立ち上がり、道をたどって行けば、どこかのインディアンの小屋にたどり着けるのではないかと期待した。

I had not gone far when I met one of these creatures full in my way, and coming up directly to me.

not go far (遠くへ行かない) [動] not travel a long distance

full (真ん中) [形] having the greatest or highest degree of something

あまり遠くへ行かないうちに、この生き物が道の真ん中にいて、私の方に向かって来るのに出会った。

The ugly monster, when he saw me, distorted several ways every feature of his visage, and stared as at an object he had never seen before;

ugly (醜い) [形] unpleasant to look at

distort (ゆがめる) [動] pull or twist out of shape

stare (じろじろと見る) [動] look fixedly or intently

醜い怪物は私を見ると、顔のあらゆる部分をいろいろにゆがめ、今まで見たこともないような物を見るようにじろじろと見た。

then approaching nearer, lifted up his forepaw, whether out of curiosity or mischief I could not tell;

それから近づいてきて、好奇心からかいたずらからかはわからないが、前足を持ち上げた。

but I drew my hanger, and gave him a good blow with the flat side of it, for I durst not strike him with the edge, fearing the inhabitants might be provoked against me, if they should come to know that I had killed or maimed any of their cattle.

give (殴る) [動] deliver

edge (刃) [名] the cutting side of a blade

strike (殴る) [動] hit

provoke (怒りをぶつける) [動] cause to feel angry

maim (傷つける) [動] injure or wound seriously

しかし、私は剣を抜き、平らな側で思いっきり殴った。住民が私が家畜を殺したり傷つけたりしたことを知って、私に怒りをぶつけてくるのではないかと恐れたので、刃で殴る勇気はなかった。

When the beast felt the smart, he drew back, and roared so loud, that a herd of at least forty came flocking about me from the next field, howling and making odious faces;

draw back (後ずさりする) [動] to move back or away

herd (群れ) [名] a large group of animals

flock (群がる) [動] to gather or move in a crowd

howl (吠える) [動] to make a long, loud, wailing cry

獣は痛みを感じると、後ずさりして、とても大きな声で吠えたので、少なくとも四十頭の群れが隣の畑から私の周りに群がってきて、吠えたり、憎しみに満ちた顔をしたりした。

but I ran to the body of a tree, and leaning my back against it, kept them off by waving my hanger.

body (幹) [名] the main part of a tree

keep off (追い払う) [動] prevent from entering or approaching

しかし、私は木の幹に走り寄り、背をもたせかけ、剣を振り回して追い払った。

In the midst of this distress, I observed all to run away on a sudden as fast as they could;

as fast as (できるだけ速く) [副] at the highest possible speed

この苦境の最中に、私はみんなが突然できるだけ速く逃げ出すのに気づいた。

at which I ventured to leave the tree and pursue the road, wondering what it was that could put them into this fright.

それを見た私は、何が彼らをこんなに怖がらせたのかと思いながら、思い切って木から離れて道を進んだ。

But looking on my left hand I saw a horse walking softly in the field;

しかし、左手を見てみると、馬が野原をゆっくりと歩いているのが見えた。

which my persecutors having sooner discovered, was the cause of their flight.

私の追っ手はそれを早く発見したために逃げ出したのだった。

The horse started a little when he came near me, but soon recovering himself, looked full in my face with manifest tokens of wonder.

full (じっと) [副] completely

馬は私の近くに来ると少し驚いたが、すぐに落ち着きを取り戻し、明らかに驚いた様子で私の顔をじっと見つめた。

He viewed my hands and feet, walking round me several times.

馬は私の手足を眺め、何度か私の周りを歩き回った。

I would have pursued my journey, but he placed himself directly in the way, yet looking with a very mild aspect, never offering the least violence.

mild (穏やかな) [形] not severe, serious, or harsh

aspect (様子) [名] a particular part or feature of something

私は旅を続けようとしたが、馬は道の真ん中に立ちはだかり、それでもとても穏やかな様子で、少しも暴れようとはしなかった。

We stood gazing at each other for some time;

gaze (見つめる) [動] look intently or steadily

私たちはしばらくの間、互いに見つめ合った。

at last I took the boldness to reach my hand towards his neck with a design to stroke it, using the common style and whistle of jockeys when they are going to handle a strange horse.

take the boldness (思い切る) [動] to be brave enough to do something

with a design (しようとして) [名] a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is made

whistle (口笛) [名] a clear, high-pitched sound made by forcing breath out through a small hole between one's lips

jockey (騎手) [名] a professional rider in horse races

strange (見知らぬ) [形] not known or familiar

ついに私は、見知らぬ馬を扱う時の騎手たちの普通のやり方と口笛を使って、馬の首を撫でようと思い切って手を伸ばした。

But this animal seeming to receive my civilities with disdain, shook his head, and bent his brows, softly raising up his right forefoot to remove my hand.

brow (眉) [名] the part of the face above the eyes

しかし、この動物は私の礼儀正しさを軽蔑して受け取ったようで、頭を振り、眉をひそめ、私の手を払いのけようと右前足をそっと上げた。

Then he neighed three or four times, but in so different a cadence, that I almost began to think he was speaking to himself in some language of his own.

neigh (いななく) [動] make the characteristic high-pitched sound of a horse

begin to think (思えてきた) [動] start to believe or think

speak to oneself (独り言を言う) [動] talk to oneself

それから三、四回いなないたのだが、その抑揚があまりに違っていたので、私は馬が自分自身の言葉で独り言を言っているのではないかと思えてきた。

While he and I were thus employed, another horse came up;

another (もう一頭の) [形] an additional one of the same type

馬と私がこうしている間に、もう一頭の馬がやってきた。

who applying himself to the first in a very formal manner, they gently struck each other’s right hoof before, neighing several times by turns, and varying the sound, which seemed to be almost articulate.

formal (礼儀正しい) [形] being in accordance with rules of convention or etiquette

strike (打ち合わせる) [動] to hit or come into contact with forcefully

neigh (いななき) [動] to make the characteristic high-pitched sound of a horse

vary (変える) [動] to make or become different

最初の馬に非常に礼儀正しい態度で近づき、二頭は互いの右前ひづめをそっと打ち合わせ、交互に何度かいななき、ほとんど明瞭に聞こえるほど音を変えた。

They went some paces off, as if it were to confer together, walking side by side, backwards and forwards, like persons deliberating upon some affair of weight, but often turning their eyes towards me, as it were to watch that I might not escape.

go off (離れる) [動] move away from

confer (相談する) [動] have a conversation or discussion

side by side (並んで) [副] next to each other

backwards and forwards (前後に) [副] in both directions

deliberate (熟考する) [動] think carefully about something

weight (重大な) [名] the force of gravity on a body

二頭は、まるで相談するかのように数歩離れ、何か重大な事柄について熟考している人のように、前後に並んで歩きながらも、私が逃げないように見張っているかのように、何度も私に目を向けていた。

I was amazed to see such actions and behavior in brute beasts;

brute (畜生) [名] a savagely violent person or animal

私は、畜生にこのような行動や振る舞いがあるのを見て驚いた。

and concluded with myself, that if the inhabitants of this country were indued with a proportionable degree of reason, they must needs be the wisest people upon earth.

be indued with (備えている) [動] be equipped with

そして、この国の住民が相応の理性を備えているなら、彼らは地球上で最も賢い人々であるに違いないと結論づけた。

This thought gave me so much comfort, that I resolved to go forward until I could discover some house or village, or meet with any of the natives, leaving the two horses to discourse together as they pleased.

この考えに私は大いに慰められ、二頭の馬を好きなように話し合わせたまま、家や村を見つけるか、原住民に出会うまで前進しようと決心した。

But the first, who was a dapple gray, observing me to steal off, neighed after me in so expressive a tone, that I fancied myself to understand what he meant;

dapple gray (まだら模様の灰色) [名] a horse with a gray coat that has spots of a darker color

expressive (表情豊かな) [形] effectively conveying thought or feeling

しかし、最初の馬は、まだら模様の灰色の馬で、私が逃げ出すのを見て、とても表情豊かな声で私に向かって嘶いたので、私はその馬の言うことが理解できるような気がした。

whereupon I turned back, and came near him, to expect his farther commands, but concealing my fear as much as I could;

turn back (引き返す) [動] go back in the direction from which you came

come near (近くまで来る) [動] approach

そこで私は引き返し、彼のさらなる命令を期待して彼の近くまで来たが、できるだけ恐怖を隠した。

for I began to be in some pain how this adventure might terminate;

some (少し) [限] a small amount of

how (どのように) [副] in what way or manner

というのも、私はこの冒険がどのように終わるのか、少し不安になり始めていたからだ。

and the reader will easily believe I did not much like my present situation.

situation (状況) [名] the combination of circumstances at a particular time and place

読者は私が自分の置かれた状況をあまり好ましく思っていないことを容易に信じてくれるだろう。

The two horses came up close to me, looking with great earnestness upon my face and hands.

look (眺める) [動] direct one's gaze at

earnestness (熱心) [名] seriousness or sincerity of purpose

二頭の馬は私の近くに寄ってきて、私の顔や手を熱心に眺めた。

The gray steed rubbed my hat all round with his right forehoof, and discomposed it so much that I was forced to adjust it better by taking it off, and settling it again;

gray (灰色の) [形] of a color intermediate between black and white

rub (こする) [動] move against something with pressure

forehoof (前ひづめ) [名] the hoof of a foreleg

adjust (直す) [動] make minor changes in order to improve something

take off (脱ぐ) [動] remove an item of clothing

settle (かぶる) [動] put on one's head

灰色の馬は右の前ひづめで私の帽子をぐるぐるこすり、ひどく乱したので、私は帽子を脱いでもう一度かぶって、きちんと直さざるを得なかった。

whereat both he and his companion (who was a brown bay) appeared to be much surprised;

whereat (すると) [接] at which; upon which

すると、灰色の馬もその仲間の馬(栗毛の馬だった)もとても驚いたようだった。

the latter felt the lappet of my coat, and finding it to hang loose about me, they both looked with new signs of wonder.

feel (触る) [動] perceive through physical sensation

new (新たな) [形] recently created or having come into existence recently

栗毛の馬は私の上着の襟を触り、それが私の体にだらりと垂れているのを見つけると、二頭とも新たな驚きの表情を見せた。

He stroked my right hand, seeming to admire the softness and color;

彼は私の右手を撫で、その柔らかさと色を賞賛しているようだった。

but he squeezed it so hard between his hoof and his pastern, that I was forced to roar;

squeeze (握り締める) [動] apply pressure on from both sides

pastern (球節) [名] the part of a horse's leg between the fetlock and the top of the hoof

しかし、彼は私の手をひづめと球節の間に挟んで強く握り締めたので、私はわめかざるを得なかった。

after which they both touched me with all possible tenderness.

その後、二頭ともできるだけ優しく私に触れた。

They were under great perplexity about my shoes and stockings, which they felt very often, neighing to each other, and using various gestures, not unlike those of a philosopher, when he would attempt to solve some new and difficult phenomenon.

under great perplexity (非常に困惑している) [形] very confused

彼らは私の靴と靴下について非常に困惑しており、何度も触り、互いにいななき、哲学者が何か新しく難しい現象を解明しようとする時のような様々な身振りをした。

Upon the whole, the behavior of these animals was so orderly and rational, so acute and judicious, that I at last concluded they must needs be magicians, who had thus metamorphosed themselves upon some design, and seeing a stranger in the way, were resolved to divert themselves with him;

upon the whole (全体的に見て) [副] considering everything

orderly (整然としている) [形] arranged or organized in a neat, tidy, or systematic way

metamorphose (変身する) [動] change in form, shape, or substance

全体的に見て、これらの動物の行動は非常に整然としていて理性的で、鋭敏で賢明だったので、私はついに彼らは魔法使いに違いないと結論を下した。彼らは何かの企みでこのように変身し、道で異邦人を見て、彼と共に自分たちを楽しませようと決心したのだ。

or perhaps were really amazed at the sight of a man so very different in habit, feature, and complexion, from those who might probably live in so remote a climate.

feature (容貌) [名] a distinctive attribute or aspect of something

あるいは、おそらくこんな遠い気候に住んでいるであろう人々とは、習慣、容貌、顔色がとても違う人間を見て、本当に驚いたのかもしれない。

Upon the strength of this reasoning I ventured to address them in the following manner: “Gentlemen, if you be conjurors, as I have good cause to believe, you can understand any language;

gentleman (皆さん) [名] a well-mannered or courteous man

conjuror (魔法使い) [名] a person who performs magic tricks

この推論の強さで、私はあえて次のような方法で彼らに話しかけてみた。「皆さん、もしあなたがたが魔法使いなら、私が信じるに足る理由があるように、どんな言葉でも理解できるでしょう。

therefore I make bold to let your worships know that I am a poor distressed Englishman, driven by his misfortunes upon your coast;

make bold (大胆に言う) [動] to be so bold as to do something

distressed (困窮した) [形] experiencing great emotional or mental pain or suffering

ですから、私はあなたがたに、私は不幸によってこの海岸に追いやられた、貧しく困窮したイギリス人であることをお知らせします。

and I entreat one of you to let me ride upon his back, as if he were a real horse, to some house or village where I can be relieved.

as if (であるかのように) [接] as it would be if

そして、私はあなた方の一人に、私が救済されることができる家や村まで、本物の馬であるかのように、背中に乗せてくれるよう懇願します。

In return of which favor, I will make you a present of this knife and bracelet” (taking them out of my pocket).

in return (お礼に) [名] something given in return for something else

make (差し上げる) [動] give or cause to be given

そのお礼に、このナイフとブレスレットを差し上げます(ポケットから取り出す)。

The two creatures stood silent while I spoke, seeming to listen with great attention;

attention (注意深く) [名] the action of directing one's mind to something

私が話している間、2匹の生き物は黙って立っていて、とても注意深く聞いているようだった。

and when I had ended, they neighed frequently towards each other, as if they were engaged in serious conversation.

serious (真面目な) [形] requiring much thought or work

そして、私が話し終えると、彼らは真面目な会話をしているかのように、頻繁に互いに向かっていなないた。

I plainly observed that their language expressed the passions very well, and the words might, with little pains, be resolved into an alphabet more easily than the Chinese.

passion (感情) [名] a strong feeling or emotion

resolve (分解する) [動] find a solution to

Chinese (中国語) [名] the language of China

私は彼らの言語が感情をとてもよく表現していることをはっきりと観察し、言葉は少しの苦労で中国語よりも簡単にアルファベットに分解できるかもしれないと思った。

I could frequently distinguish the word _yahoo_, which was repeated by each of them several times;

私は頻繁に「ヤフー」という言葉を聞き分けることができ、それは彼らそれぞれが何度も繰り返していた。

and although it was impossible for me to conjecture what it meant, yet, while the two horses were busy in conversation, I endeavored to practice this word upon my tongue;

yet (しかし) [接] nevertheless; however

そして、それが何を意味するのか推測することは不可能だったが、2頭の馬が会話に忙しくしている間に、私はこの言葉を舌で練習しようと努力した。

and as soon as they were silent, boldly pronounced _yahoo_ in a loud voice, imitating at the same time, as near as I could, the neighing of a horse;

imitate (真似る) [動] follow as a model or example

そして、彼らが黙るとすぐに、大声で「ヤフー」と大胆に発音し、同時にできるだけ馬のいななきを真似た。

at which they were both visibly surprised and the gray repeated the same word twice, as if he meant to teach me the right accent, wherein I spoke after him as well as I could, and found myself perceivably to improve every time, though very far from any degree of perfection.

visibly (明らかに) [副] in a way that is easy to see or understand

gray (灰色の馬) [名] a color intermediate between black and white

as if (つもりなのか) [接] used to introduce a clause that expresses a possibility or wish

teach (教えてくれる) [動] cause to learn by example or experience

perceivably (上達していることに) [副] in a way that is noticeable

every time (毎回) [副] on each occasion

very far from (程遠い) [形] a long way from

any degree of (少しも) [限] the amount, level, or extent of something

すると、2頭とも明らかに驚き、灰色の馬は正しいアクセントを教えてくれるつもりなのか、同じ言葉を2回繰り返したので、私はできるだけ彼に倣って発音し、完璧には程遠いものの、毎回上達していることに気づいた。

Then the bay tried me with a second word, much harder to be pronounced;

bay (栗毛の馬) [名] a horse with a reddish-brown coat

それから、栗毛の馬は2つ目の言葉を試したが、それは発音するのがずっと難しかった。

but reducing it to the English orthography may be spelt thus—Houyhnhnm.

reduce (当てはめる) [動] make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size

orthography (正書法) [名] a set of conventions for writing a language

spell (綴る) [動] write or name the letters of a word in correct sequence

しかし、それを英語の正書法に当てはめると、こう綴られるだろう。フインム。

I did not succeed in this so well as the former;

私は前回ほどうまく発音できなかった。

but after two or three farther trials, I had better fortune, and they both appeared amazed at my capacity.

しかし、2、3回試した後、私は運が向いてきて、2頭とも私の能力に驚いているようだった。

After some farther discourse, which I then conjectured might relate to me, the two friends took their leaves, with the same compliment of striking each other’s hoof;

some farther discourse (その後の会話) [名] a conversation that continued after a while

two friends (2頭の友人) [名] two horses that are friends

same compliment (同じ挨拶) [名] the same greeting

その後、私に関することかもしれないと推測される会話が続いた後、2頭の友人は互いのひづめを打ち合わせる同じ挨拶をして別れた。

and the gray made me signs that I should walk before him, wherein I thought it prudent to comply, till I could find a better director.

make sign (合図する) [動] to communicate with gestures

director (案内役) [名] a person who directs something

そして、灰色の馬は、私が彼の前を歩くように合図をしたので、私はもっと良い案内役を見つけるまでは、それに従うのが賢明だと思った。

When I offered to slacken my pace, he would cry, _Hhuun, hhuun_.

pace (歩調) [名] the rate at which someone or something moves or operates or at which something happens or changes

私が歩調を緩めようとすると、彼は「フーン、フーン」と叫んだ。

I guessed his meaning and gave him to understand, as well as I could, that I was weary, and not able to walk faster;

give to understand (理解させる) [動] cause (someone) to believe or understand something

私は彼の意味を推測し、私が疲れていて、もっと速く歩けないことを、できる限り彼に理解させた。

upon which he would stand awhile to let me rest.

upon which (すると) [接] after which; and then

すると、彼は私を休ませるためにしばらく立っていた。

CHAPTER II

第二章

THE AUTHOR CONDUCTED BY A HOUYHNHNM TO HIS HOUSE—THE HOUSE DESCRIBED—THE AUTHOR’S RECEPTION—THE FOOD OF THE HOUYHNHNMS—THE AUTHOR IN DISTRESS FOR WANT OF MEAT, IS AT LAST RELIEVED—HIS MANNER OF FEEDING IN THIS COUNTRY.

RELIEVED (救われる) [動] to be freed from a burden or responsibility

著者はフウイヌムに連れられてその家へ行くー家の説明ー著者の歓迎ーフウイヌムの食べ物ー肉がなくて困った著者はついに救われるーこの国での彼の食事方法

Having traveled about three miles, we came to a long kind of building, made of timber stuck in the ground, and wattled across;

about three miles (三マイルほど) [名] a distance of about three miles

wattle (編み枝細工) [名] a construction of poles intertwined with twigs, branches, or reeds

三マイルほど旅した後、私たちは地面に突き刺した木材で作られ、横に編み枝細工を施した長い建物に着いた。

the roof was low, and covered with straw.

屋根は低く、わらで覆われていた。

I now began to be a little comforted, and took out some toys which travelers usually carry for presents to the savage Indians of America and other parts, in hopes the people of the house would be thereby encouraged to receive me kindly.

encourage (奨励する) [動] give support, confidence, or hope to

私は少し安心してきて、旅行者がアメリカや他の地域の野蛮なインディアンに贈り物として持っていくおもちゃをいくつか取り出し、家の人々が私を親切に迎えてくれるようにと願った。

The horse made me a sign to go in first;

go in (入る) [動] to move or travel inward

馬は私に先に入るように合図した。

it was a large room with a smooth clay floor, and a rack and manger extending the whole length on one side.

large room (大きな部屋) [名] a room that is big

smooth clay floor (滑らかな粘土の床) [名] a floor made of clay that is smooth

rack (飼葉桶) [名] a framework, typically with rails, bars, or pegs, on which articles can be arranged or hung

manger (飼葉桶) [名] a long open box or trough in a stable or barn from which horses or cattle feed

そこは滑らかな粘土の床の大きな部屋で、片側には長い飼葉桶が置かれていた。

There were three nags and two mares, not eating, but some of them sitting down upon their hams, which I very much wondered at;

nag (雄馬) [名] a horse, especially an old or weak one

mare (雌馬) [名] an adult female horse

そこには三頭の雄馬と二頭の雌馬がいて、食べているのではなく、何頭かは後ろ足の付け根に腰を下ろしていて、私はとても不思議に思った。

but wondered more to see the rest employed in domestic business.

しかし、残りの馬が家事をしているところを見て、さらに驚いた。

They seemed but ordinary cattle;

彼らは普通の牛にしか見えなかった。

however, this confirmed my first opinion, that a people who could so far civilize brute animals must needs excel in wisdom all the nations of the world.

civilize (文明化する) [動] bring to a stage of social, cultural, and moral development considered to be more advanced

brute (動物) [名] a nonhuman animal

しかし、これは私の最初の意見を裏付けるもので、ここまで動物を文明化できる民族は、世界のどの民族よりも知恵に優れているに違いない。

The gray came in just after, and thereby prevented any ill treatment which the others might have given me.

come in (入ってくる) [動] enter

just after (すぐ後) [副] a short time after

ill treatment (虐待) [名] cruel or violent treatment

灰色の馬がすぐ後から入ってきて、他の馬が私に与えたかもしれない虐待を防いでくれた。

He neighed to them several times in a style of authority, and received answers.

彼は権威ある態度で何度か彼らにいななき、返事を受け取った。

Beyond this room there were three others, reaching the length of the house, to which you passed through three doors, opposite to each other, in the manner of a vista;

opposite (向かいに) [前] facing or on the other side of

vista (遠景) [名] a distant view through an avenue of trees

この部屋の向こうには、家の長さに及ぶ他の三つの部屋があり、そこへは、遠景のように、互いに向かい合った三つのドアを通って行く。

we went through the second room towards the third.

go through (通る) [動] move through or past

私たちは二番目の部屋を通って三番目の部屋に向かった。

Here the gray walked in first, beckoning me to attend;

walk in (歩いて入る) [動] enter a place by walking

first (先に) [副] before anyone or anything else

beckon (手招きする) [動] signal with a gesture

灰色の馬が先に歩いて入り、私に付き添うように手招きした。

I waited in the second room, and got ready my presents for the master and mistress of the house;

get ready (用意する) [動] prepare oneself or something for a particular purpose or event

私は二番目の部屋で待ち、家の主人と女主人への贈り物を用意した。

they were two knives, three bracelets of false pearl, a small looking-glass, and a bead necklace.

false (偽の) [形] not true or genuine

pearl (真珠) [名] a hard, lustrous, roundish object produced within the soft tissue of a mollusk

looking-glass (鏡) [名] a mirror

bead (ビーズ) [名] a small, usually round object with a hole through it, used as an ornament or for making necklaces, bracelets, etc.

necklace (ネックレス) [名] an ornament worn around the neck

それは二本のナイフ、三つの偽真珠のブレスレット、小さな鏡、そしてビーズネックレスだった。

The horse neighed three or four times, and I waited to hear some answers in a human voice, but I heard no other returns than in the same dialect, only one or two a little shriller than his.

one or two (一、二) [形] one or two

馬は三、四回いななき、私は人間の声で何か返事が聞こえるのを待ったが、同じ方言で返ってくる以外には何も聞こえず、ただ一、二回彼よりも少し甲高い声が聞こえただけだった。

I began to think that this house must belong to some person of great note among them, because there appeared so much ceremony before I could gain admittance.

some person (ある人物) [名] a person

great note (とても名の知れた) [名] a person of great importance

so much (とても多くの) [副] a lot of

gain admittance (中に入る) [動] be allowed to enter

私はこの家は彼らの中でとても名の知れた人物のものに違いないと考え始めた。なぜなら、私が中に入るまでにとても多くの儀式があったからだ。

But, that a man of quality should be served all by horses was beyond my comprehension.

comprehension (理解) [名] the ability to understand something

しかし、身分の高い人が馬に仕えられているというのは私の理解を超えていた。

I feared my brain was disturbed by my sufferings and misfortunes: I roused myself, and looked about me in the room where I was left alone;

suffering (苦しみ) [名] the state of undergoing pain, distress, or hardship

私は自分の脳が苦しみと不幸によって混乱しているのではないかと恐れた。私は自分を奮い立たせ、一人残された部屋の中を見回した。

this was furnished like the first, only after a more elegant manner.

elegant (優雅な) [形] pleasingly graceful and stylish in appearance or manner

そこは最初の部屋と同じように家具が置かれていたが、もっと優雅な様式だった。

I rubbed my eyes often, but the same objects still occurred.

occur (現れる) [動] happen or take place

私は何度も目をこすったが、同じものが現れた。

I pinched my arms and sides to awake myself, hoping I might be in a dream.

私は夢を見ているのではないかと期待して、自分を起こそうと腕や脇腹をつねった。

I then absolutely concluded that all these appearances could be nothing else but necromancy and magic.

nothing else (何物でもない) [名] not anything else; no other thing

magic (魔法) [名] the power of apparently influencing the course of events by using mysterious or supernatural forces

私はこれらの現象はすべて降霊術と魔法以外の何物でもないと確信した。

But I had no time to pursue these reflections;

no time (時間がない) [名] not enough time

しかし、私はこれらのことを考える時間がなかった。

for the gray horse came to the door, and made me a sign to follow him into the third room, where I saw a very comely mare, together with a colt and foal, sitting on their haunches upon mats of straw, not unartfully made and perfectly neat and clean.

come to the door (ドアのところまで来る) [動] approach the door

colt (子馬) [名] a young male horse

foal (仔馬) [名] a young horse

haunch (腰) [名] the part of the body of a person or animal that is between the lowest ribs and the hip

mat (敷物) [名] a piece of material used to cover a floor

unartfully (不器用に) [副] in a clumsy way

perfectly (きちんと) [副] in a manner or to a degree that is entirely satisfactory

neat (きれい) [形] tidy, clean, and organized

灰色の馬がドアのところまで来て、私に三番目の部屋までついて来るように合図したからだ。そこで私は、とても美しい雌馬が、子馬と仔馬と一緒に、不器用に作られたわけではなく、きちんときれいに作られた麦わらの敷物の上に腰を下ろしているのを見た。

The mare soon after my entrance rose from her mat, and coming up close, after having nicely observed my hands and face, gave me a most contemptuous look;

私が入るとすぐに雌馬は敷物から立ち上がり、私の手と顔をじっくりと観察した後、近づいてきて、私をとても軽蔑したように見た。

then turning to the horse, I heard the word _yahoo_ often repeated betwixt them;

それから馬の方を向き、私は彼らの間で「ヤフー」という言葉が何度も繰り返されるのを聞いた。

the meaning of which word I could not then comprehend, although it were the first I had learned to pronounce;

その言葉の意味は、私が最初に発音を覚えた言葉だったにもかかわらず、当時は理解できなかった。

but I was soon better informed, to my everlasting mortification;

better (よりよく) [副] to a greater degree

informed (知る) [動] having or showing knowledge of many subjects

everlasting (永遠の) [形] lasting forever

しかし、私はすぐにその意味を知り、永遠に悔やむことになった。

for the horse beckoning to me with his head, and repeating the _hhuun, hhuun_, as he did upon the road, which I understood was to attend him, led me out into a kind of court, where was another building at some distance from the house.

beckon (招く) [動] to signal or summon with a gesture

馬が頭で私を招き、道でやったように「フーン、フーン」と繰り返し、私が馬に従うことを理解すると、私を中庭のような場所に連れて行き、そこには家から少し離れたところに別の建物があった。

Here we entered, and I saw three of these detestable creatures, whom I first met after my landing, feeding upon roots, and the flesh of some animals, which I afterwards found to be that of asses and dogs, and now and then a cow, dead by accident or disease.

feed (食べる) [動] take food into the body

root (根) [名] the part of a plant that grows down into the soil

ass (ロバ) [名] a domesticated equine mammal

私たちはそこに入ると、私が上陸してから初めて出会ったこの忌まわしい生き物が三匹いて、根や動物の肉を食べているのを見たが、後でそれがロバや犬の肉であり、時折事故や病気で死んだ牛の肉であることがわかった。

They were all tied by the neck with strong withes fastened to a beam;

beam (梁) [名] a long piece of wood or metal that is used to support a building or other structure

彼らは皆、首を梁に固定された強い枝で縛られていた。

they held their food between the claws of their forefeet, and tore it with their teeth.

彼らは前足の爪で食べ物をつかみ、歯で引き裂いていた。

The master horse ordered a sorrel nag, one of his servants, to untie the largest of these animals, and take him into the yard.

master horse (馬の主人) [名] the horse that is in charge of the other horses

untie (解く) [動] undo the fastening of

yard (庭) [名] an area of short, regularly mown grass in the garden of a house

馬の主人はその召使の栗毛の馬に、この動物の中で一番大きいのを解いて庭に連れて行くように命じた。

The beast and I were brought close together, and our countenances diligently compared both by master and servant, who thereupon repeated several times the word _yahoo_.

thereupon (その上で) [副] immediately or soon after that

私とその獣は近づけられ、主人と召使の両方が私たちの顔を熱心に比べ、その上で「ヤフー」という言葉を何度も繰り返した。

My horror and astonishment are not to be described, when I observed in this abominable animal, a perfect human figure;

abominable (忌まわしい) [形] causing moral revulsion

この忌まわしい動物が完全な人間のような姿をしているのを見たときの私の恐怖と驚きは言葉では言い表せない。

the face of it indeed was flat and broad, the nose depressed, the lips large, and the mouth wide;

depressed (低い) [形] pushed or pulled down

確かにその顔は平らで広く、鼻は低く、唇は大きく、口は広かった。

but these differences are common to all savage nations, where the lineaments of the countenance are distorted by the natives suffering their infants to lie groveling on the earth, or by carrying them on their backs, nuzzling with their faces against the mother’s shoulders.

savage (未開) [形] not civilized; wild

lineaments (輪郭) [名] the outline of a shape or figure

distort (歪む) [動] to change the shape of something so that it is no longer regular or symmetrical

native (土着) [形] belonging to a particular place by birth

suffer (這わせる) [動] to feel pain in a part of your body

しかし、これらの違いはすべての未開民族に共通しており、そこでは土着の人々が幼児を地面に這わせたり、背負って母親の肩に顔を押し付けたりすることで、顔の輪郭が歪んでいる。

The forefoot of the _yahoo_ differed from my hands in nothing else but the length of the nails, the coarseness and brownness of the palms, and the hairiness on the backs.

coarseness (粗さ) [名] the quality of being rough or harsh in texture

brownness (褐色) [名] the quality of being brown

hairiness (毛深さ) [名] the quality of being hairy

ヤフーの前足は、爪の長さ、手のひらの粗さと褐色、手の甲の毛深さ以外は私の手と何も違わなかった。

There was the same resemblance between our feet, with the same differences, which I knew very well, though the horses did not, because of my shoes and stockings;

resemblance (類似点) [名] the state of resembling or being alike

私の足とヤフーの足の間にも同じ類似点と相違点があり、私は靴と靴下を履いていたので馬には分からなかったが、私はよく知っていた。

the same in every part of our bodies, except as to hairiness and color, which I have already described.

すでに述べた毛深さと色を除いて、私たちの体のあらゆる部分に同じことが言える。

The great difficulty that seemed to stick with the two horses, was to see the rest of my body so very different from that of a _yahoo_, for which I was obliged to my clothes, whereof they had no conception.

stick with (抱える) [動] to remain with or loyal to

二頭の馬が抱えているように思われた大きな問題は、私の体の残りの部分がヤフーのそれとは非常に異なっていることで、そのために私は服を着なければならなかったのだが、彼らにはその概念がなかった。

The sorrel nag offered me a root, which he held (after their manner, which we shall describe in its proper place) between his hoof and pastern;

sorrel nag (栗毛の馬) [名] a horse of a light reddish-brown color

栗毛の馬は、蹄と球節の間に挟んだ根っこを私に差し出した(彼らのやり方だが、それは適当なところで説明する)。

I took it in my hand, and having smelt it, returned it to him again as civilly as I could.

civilly (丁寧に) [副] in a polite and courteous way

私はそれを手に取って匂いを嗅ぎ、できるだけ丁寧に返した。

He brought out of the _yahoo’s_ kennel a piece of ass’s flesh, but it smelt so offensively that I turned from it with loathing;

bring out (持ってくる) [動] to cause to be made available

turn from (そっぽを向く) [動] to change direction

loathing (嫌悪感) [名] a feeling of intense dislike

彼はヤフーの犬小屋からロバの肉の切れ端を持ってきてくれたが、あまりにも臭くて嫌悪感を抱いてそっぽを向いてしまった。

he then threw it to the _yahoo_, by whom it was greedily devoured.

devour (貪り食う) [動] eat up greedily or ravenously

すると彼はそれをヤフーに投げ与え、ヤフーはそれを貪り食った。

He afterwards showed me a wisp of hay, and a fetlock full of oats;

wisp (束) [名] a small bundle of straw or hay

fetlock (球節) [名] the joint of a horse's leg between the cannon bone and the pastern

oats (オート麦) [名] a cereal plant grown for its edible seed

その後、彼は私に干し草の束と、オート麦をいっぱいに入れた球節を見せた。

but I shook my head, to signify that neither of these were food for me.

signify (示す) [動] be an indication of

しかし、私はどちらも私の食べ物ではないことを示すために首を横に振った。

And indeed I now apprehended that I must absolutely starve, if I did not get to some of my own species;

apprehend (悟る) [動] become aware of; realize

そして実際、私は今、自分の種族の誰かに会えなければ、絶対に飢え死にしてしまうだろうと悟った。

for as to those filthy _yahoos_, although there were few greater lovers of mankind at that time than myself, yet I confess I never saw any sensitive being so detestable on all accounts;

sensitive (知覚力のある) [形] quick to detect or respond to slight changes, signals, or influences

being (存在) [名] the quality or state of existing

on all accounts (あらゆる点で) [副] in every way

というのも、あの汚らしいヤフーたちについては、当時私ほど人間を愛する者はほとんどいなかったが、それでも、あらゆる点でこれほど憎しみを抱かせるような知覚力のある存在を見たことがなかったと告白する。

and the more I came near them the more hateful they grew, while I stayed in that country.

hateful (憎しみを抱く) [形] deserving of or causing hatred

そして、私があの国に滞在している間、彼らに近づけば近づくほど、彼らはますます憎しみを抱くようになった。

This the master horse observed by my behavior, and therefore sent the _yahoo_ back to his kennel.

これを馬の主人はその態度から察して、ヤフーを犬小屋に送り返した。

He then put his forehoof to his mouth, at which I was much surprised, although he did it with ease, and with a motion that appeared perfectly natural;

at which (それに) [代] the thing that

ease (楽々と) [名] lack of difficulty or effort

それから彼は前ひづめを口に当てたが、彼はそれを楽々と、そして全く自然に見える動作で行ったにもかかわらず、私は非常に驚いた。

and made other signs to know what I would eat;

そして、私が何を食べるかを知るために他の合図をした。

but I could not return him such an answer as he was able to apprehend;

しかし、私は彼が理解できるような答えを返すことができなかった。

and if he had understood me, I did not see how I was possibly to contrive any way for finding myself nourishment.

nourishment (栄養) [名] the food that a person or other living thing needs in order to grow and be healthy

そして、もし彼が私を理解したとしても、私はどうやって自分のために栄養を見つける方法を工夫できるか見当もつかなかった。

While we were thus engaged, I observed a cow passing by, whereupon I pointed to her, and expressed a desire to go and milk her.

be engaged (している) [動] be occupied or busy

pass by (通り過ぎる) [動] go past

私たちがそうしている間に、私は牛が通り過ぎるのを見かけたので、私はその牛を指さして、行って牛の乳を搾りたいという希望を表明した。

This had its effect; for he led me back into the house, and ordered a mare-servant to open a room, where a good store of milk lay in earthen and wooden vessels, after a very orderly and cleanly manner.

have its effect (効果がある) [動] to produce the intended or expected result

lead (連れ戻す) [動] to show the way to someone by going in front of them

lay (入っている) [動] to be in a resting position

cleanly (清潔に) [副] in a clean manner

これは効果があった。彼は私を家の中に連れ戻し、雌馬の召使に部屋を開けるように命じた。そこには、非常に整然と清潔に、土製や木製の容器にたくさんの牛乳が入っていた。

She gave me a large bowlful, of which I drank very heartily, and found myself well refreshed.

bowlful (ボウル一杯) [名] the amount that a bowl will hold

well (すっかり) [副] completely

彼女は私に大きなボウル一杯の牛乳をくれたので、私はそれをとてもおいしく飲み、すっかり元気になった。

About noon, I saw coming towards the house a kind of vehicle drawn like a sledge by four _yahoos_.

about noon (正午頃) [副] around noon

sledge (そり) [名] a vehicle on runners for conveying people or goods over snow or ice

正午頃、私は四頭のヤフーによってそりのように引かれた一種の乗り物が家に向かってくるのを見た。

There was in it an old steed, who seemed to be of quality;

in it (そこに) [副] in that place

そこには、上品そうな老馬がいた。

he alighted with his hindfeet forward, having by accident got hurt in his left forefoot.

hindfeet (後ろ足) [名] the feet at the back of an animal

forward (前に) [副] in the direction that one is facing or traveling

彼は左前足を怪我したため、後ろ足を前に出して降りてきた。

He came to dine with our horse, who received him with great civility.

彼は私たちの馬と食事をしに来たが、馬は彼をとても丁寧に迎え入れた。

They dined in the best room, and had oats boiled in milk for the second course, which the old horse ate warm, but the rest cold.

彼らは一番良い部屋で食事をし、二皿目には牛乳で煮たオート麦を食べたが、老馬は温かいものを、残りは冷たいものを食べた。

Their mangers were placed circular in the middle of the room, and divided into several partitions, round which they sat on their haunches, upon bosses of straw.

manger (飼い葉桶) [名] a trough or box in a stable or barn from which horses or cattle feed

partition (区画) [名] a division or section

straw (藁) [名] dried stalks of grain

boss (ボス) [名] a person who is in charge of a worker or organization

彼らの飼い葉桶は部屋の真ん中に円形に置かれ、いくつかの区画に分けられ、その周りに彼らは藁のボスの上に腰を下ろして座っていた。

In the middle was a large rack, with angles answering to every partition of the manger;

rack (棚) [名] a framework with rails, bars, or pegs on which articles can be arranged or hung

angle (角度) [名] the space between two lines or planes that intersect

answer (対応する) [動] to be in conformity with

真ん中には大きな棚があり、飼い葉桶の各区画に対応する角度が付いていた。

so that each horse and mare ate their own hay, and their own mash of oats and milk, with much decency and regularity.

milk (牛乳) [名] an opaque white fluid rich in fat and protein, secreted by female mammals for the nourishment of their young

そのため、どの馬も自分の干し草やオート麦と牛乳を混ぜたものを、きちんと規則正しく食べていた。

The behavior of the young colt and foal appeared very modest, and that of the master and mistress extremely cheerful and complaisant to their guest.

cheerful (陽気) [形] noticeably happy and optimistic

若い子馬の行動は非常に控えめに見え、主人と女主人の行動は客に対して非常に陽気で愛想がよかった。

The gray ordered me to stand by him;

stand by (そばに立つ) [動] be loyal to; support

灰色の馬は私に彼のそばに立つように命じた。

and much discourse passed between him and his friend concerning me, as I found by the stranger’s often looking on me, and the frequent repetition of the word _yahoo_.

pass (交わされる) [動] be exchanged

彼と友人の間で私に関する多くの議論が交わされたが、それは見知らぬ馬が私をよく見ていることや、ヤフーという言葉を頻繁に繰り返すことでわかった。

I happened to wear my gloves, which the master gray observing, seemed perplexed, discovering signs of wonder what I had done to my forefeet;

master (馬) [名] a male horse

perplexed (困惑した) [形] puzzled or confused

wonder (不思議がる) [動] be curious or amazed

私はたまたま手袋をはめていたのだが、灰色の馬はそれを見て困惑した様子で、私の前足に何をしたのかと不思議そうにしていた。

he put his hoof three or four times to them, as if he would signify that I should reduce them to their former shape, which I presently did, pulling off both my gloves, and putting them into my pocket.

彼は蹄を三、四回それらに当てて、まるで私がそれらを元の形に戻すべきだと示唆するかのようだった。私はすぐに両方の手袋を脱いでポケットに入れた。

This occasioned farther talk, and I saw the company was pleased with my behavior, whereof I soon found the good effects.

talk (話題) [名] the subject of conversation

これがさらに話題を呼び、私は仲間が私の振る舞いに満足しているのを見て、すぐにその良い効果を実感した。

I was ordered to speak the few words I understood;

be ordered to (命じられる) [動] be given an order

私は理解している数少ない言葉を話すように命じられた。

and while they were at dinner, the master taught me the names for oats, milk, fire, water, and some others;

彼らが食事をしている間に、主人は私に麦、牛乳、火、水、その他いくつかの名前を教えてくれた。

which I could readily pronounce after him, having from my youth a great facility for learning languages.

facility (長ける) [名] a natural ability or skill

若い頃から語学に長けていたので、私はすぐに彼の後に続いて発音することができた。

When dinner was done, the master horse took me aside, and by signs and words made me understand the concern he was in that I had nothing to eat.

take aside (脇に連れて行く) [動] take someone to a private place to talk to them

make understand (理解させる) [動] cause someone to understand something

have nothing to eat (食べるものがない) [動] not have any food

食事が終わると、馬の主人は私を脇に連れて行き、身振りと言葉で、私が何も食べるものがないことを心配していることを理解させた。

Oats in their tongue are called _hluunh_.

彼らの言葉で麦は_hluunh_と呼ばれる。

This word I pronounced two or three times;

time (回) [名] an instance or single occasion of something

私はこの言葉を二、三回発音した。

for although I had refused them at first, yet upon second thoughts I considered that I could contrive to make of them a kind of bread, which might be sufficient, with milk, to keep me alive, till I could make my escape to some other country, and to creatures of my own species.

second thought (考え直し) [名] a revised opinion or decision

kind of (一種の) [名] a type or category of something

keep alive (生き延びる) [動] continue to live

最初は断ったものの、考え直して、他の国や同種の生き物のところへ逃げ出すまで、牛乳と一緒にパンのようなものを作って、生き延びるのに十分な量を作れるのではないかと考えた。

The horse immediately ordered a white mare-servant of his family to bring me a good quantity of oats in a sort of wooden tray.

tray (盆) [名] a flat piece of wood or metal with raised edges that is used for carrying things

馬はすぐに家族の白い雌馬の召使に、木製の盆のようなものにたくさんの麦を入れて私に持ってくるように命じた。

These I heated before the fire, as well as I could, and rubbed them till the husks came off, which I made a shift to winnow from the grain:

heat (熱する) [動] make or become hot

husk (殻) [名] the dry outer covering of some fruits or seeds

come off (剥がれる) [動] become detached

grain (穀物) [名] the seed of a cereal

winnow (ふるい分ける) [動] separate (grain) from chaff

これらを火の前でできるだけ熱し、殻が剥がれるまでこすり、穀物からふるい分けた。

I ground and beat them between two stones, then took water, and made them into a kind of paste or cake, which I toasted at the fire, and ate warm with milk.

grind (挽く) [動] reduce to small particles or powder by crushing, abrading, or cutting

beat (叩く) [動] strike repeatedly

take (加える) [動] add

paste (ペースト) [名] a soft, moist, smooth, sticky substance

toast (焼く) [動] cook by exposure to radiant heat

二つの石で挽いて叩き、水を加えてペースト状やケーキ状にして火で焼き、牛乳と一緒に温かいうちに食べた。

It was at first a very insipid diet, though common enough in many parts of Europe, but grew tolerable by time;

insipid (味気ない) [形] lacking in flavor or interest

最初はヨーロッパの多くの地域で十分に一般的であるにもかかわらず、とても味気ない食事だったが、時が経つにつれて耐えられるようになってきた。

and having been often reduced to hard fare in my life, this was not the first experiment I had made how easily nature is satisfied.

be reduced to (甘んじざるを得ない) [動] be forced to accept something unpleasant

hard fare (粗食) [名] a simple and plain meal

私の人生ではしばしば粗食に甘んじざるを得なかったが、これは自然がいかに簡単に満足するかを試した最初の実験ではなかった。

And I cannot but observe, that I never had one hour’s sickness while I stayed in this island.

そして、この島に滞在している間は、一時間も病気になったことがないことに気づかざるを得ない。

’Tis true I sometimes made a shift to catch a rabbit or bird, by springs made of _yahoo’s_ hairs;

'Tis true (確かに) [副] it is true

spring (罠) [名] a device for catching or killing animals

確かに私は時々、ヤフーの毛で作った罠でウサギや鳥を捕まえようとした。

and I often gathered wholesome herbs, which I boiled or ate as salads with my bread;

そして、私はよく健康に良いハーブを集めて、それを煮たり、パンと一緒にサラダとして食べたりした。

and now and then, for a rarity, I made a little butter and drank the whey.

rarity (珍しいこと) [名] something that is uncommon or unusual

butter (バター) [名] a dairy product made from the fat and protein components of milk or cream

そして時々、珍しいことに、私はバターを少し作ってホエーを飲んだ。

I was at first at a great loss for salt, but custom soon reconciled me to the want of it;

at a great loss (困る) [動] be in a state of uncertainty about what to do

salt (塩) [名] a white crystalline substance which gives seawater its characteristic taste and is used for seasoning or preserving food

custom (慣れ) [名] a practice or behavior that is usual or expected

reconcile (慣れる) [動] make or become friendly again after an argument or disagreement

最初は塩がなくて困ったが、すぐに慣れて塩がなくても平気になった。

and I am confident that the frequent use of salt among us is an effect of luxury, and was first introduced as a provocative to drink, except where it is necessary for preserving of flesh in long voyages, or in places remote from great markets:

provocative (刺激剤) [形] causing annoyance or anger

preserving (保存) [名] the action of keeping something in its original state

そして、私は塩の頻繁な使用は贅沢の影響であり、長い航海や大きな市場から遠く離れた場所で肉を保存するために必要な場合を除いて、最初は飲み物への刺激剤として導入されたと確信している。

for we observe no animal to be fond of it but man;

be fond of (好む) [動] like or love

人間以外に塩を好む動物はいない。

and as to myself, when I left this country, it was a great while before I could endure the taste of it in anything that I ate.

taste (味) [名] the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity

そして私自身、この国を去ったとき、食べるものすべてに塩の味がついていることに耐えられるようになるまで、かなり時間がかかった。

This is enough to say upon the subject of my diet, wherewith other travelers fill their books, as if the readers were personally concerned whether we fared well or ill.

personally (個人的に) [副] in a personal manner

fare (元気か病気か) [動] get on in a particular way

私の食事についてはこれだけ言えば十分だろうが、他の旅行者は、まるで読者が私たちが元気か病気かを個人的に心配しているかのように、本に食事のことを書き連ねている。

However, it was necessary to mention this matter, lest the world should think it impossible that I could find sustenance for three years in such a country, and among such inhabitants.

such a country (このような国) [名] a country of the type mentioned

such inhabitants (このような住民) [名] inhabitants of the type mentioned

しかし、私がこのような国で、このような住民の中で、3年間も食料を見つけることができたとは世間が信じないかもしれないので、この件について言及する必要があった。

When it grew towards evening, the master horse ordered a place for me to lodge in;

grow towards evening (夕方になる) [動] become evening

master horse (馬の主人である馬) [名] the horse that is the master of the other horses

夕方になると、馬の主人である馬が私の宿泊場所を用意してくれた。

it was but six yards from the house, and separated from the stable of the _yahoos_.

separate (隔てる) [動] keep apart or divide

そこは家からわずか6ヤードしか離れておらず、ヤフーの馬小屋から隔てられていた。

Here I got some straw, and covering myself with my own clothes, slept very sound.

ここで私はわらを少しもらい、自分の服をかけて、ぐっすりと眠った。

But I was in a very short time better accommodated, as the reader shall know hereafter, when I come to treat more particularly about my way of living.

in a very short time (すぐに) [副] in a short period of time

accommodate (過ごす) [動] provide with a place to live

shall know (知る) [動] be aware of

しかし、私の生活についてもっと詳しく述べるときに読者が知るように、私はすぐにもっと快適に過ごせるようになった。

CHAPTER III

第3章

THE AUTHOR STUDIOUS TO LEARN THE LANGUAGE—THE HOUYHNHNM HIS MASTER ASSISTS IN TEACHING HIM—THE LANGUAGE DESCRIBED—SEVERAL HOUYHNHNMS OF QUALITY COME OUT OF CURIOSITY TO SEE THE AUTHOR—HE GIVES HIS MASTER A SHORT ACCOUNT OF HIS VOYAGE.

STUDIOUS (熱心である) [形] having or showing a strong desire to learn

HOUYHNHNM (フウイヌム) [名] a type of intelligent horse in the story

著者は言語を学ぶことに熱心であるー彼の主人であるフウイヌムが彼に教えるのを手伝うー言語の説明ー好奇心から著者に会いに来る上品なフウイヌムたちー著者は主人に自分の旅の短い説明をする。

My principal endeavor was to learn the language, which my master (for so I shall henceforth call him) and his children, and every servant of his house, were desirous to teach me;

私の主な努力は言語を学ぶことだった。私の主人(これからはそう呼ぶことにする)とその子供たち、そして家の召使たちは皆、私に教えたがっていた。

for they looked upon it as a prodigy that a brute animal should discover such marks of a rational creature.

prodigy (奇跡) [名] a person with exceptional gifts or qualities

brute (野蛮な) [形] savagely violent

彼らは、野蛮な動物が理性的な生き物のそのようなしるしを発見するのは奇跡だと見ていたからだ。

I pointed to everything, and inquired the name of it, which I wrote down in my journal book when I was alone, and corrected my bad accent, by desiring those of the family to pronounce it often.

correct (直す) [動] set or make right

私はあらゆるものを指さして、その名前を尋ね、一人になった時に日記帳に書き留め、家族の者に何度も発音してもらって、自分の下手な発音を直した。

In this employment, a sorrel nag, one of the under servants, was ready to assist me.

under servant (下僕) [名] a servant of a servant

この仕事では、下私の一人である栗毛の馬が私を手伝ってくれた。

In speaking, they pronounce through the nose and throat, and their language approaches nearest to the High Dutch or German, of any I know in Europe; but it is much more graceful and significant.

High Dutch (高地ドイツ語) [名] a dialect of German spoken in the Netherlands

German (ドイツ語) [名] the official language of Germany

significant (意味深い) [形] having or likely to have influence or effect

彼らは話す時、鼻と喉から発音し、その言語は私がヨーロッパで知っているどの言語よりも高地ドイツ語に近いが、はるかに優雅で意味深い。

The emperor Charles V. made almost the same observation when he said that if he were to speak to his horse, it should be in High Dutch.

Charles V. (カール五世) [名] Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain

カール五世皇帝は、もし馬に話しかけるとしたら高地ドイツ語で話すだろうと言った時には、ほとんど同じ観察をしていた。

The curiosity and impatience of my master were so great that he spent many hours of his leisure to instruct me.

impatience (せっかちさ) [名] the quality of being impatient

so great (非常に強い) [形] very strong

leisure (余暇) [名] time when one is not working or occupied

主人の好奇心とせっかちさは非常に強く、私に教えるために何時間も余暇を費やした。

He was convinced (as he afterwards told me) that I must be a _yahoo_, but my teachableness, civility, and cleanliness, astonished him;

be convinced (確信する) [動] to be certain about something

teachableness (学習能力) [名] the ability to learn

civility (礼儀正しさ) [名] politeness

彼は(後で私に言ったのだが)私がヤフに違いないと確信していたが、私の学習能力、礼儀正しさ、清潔さに驚いた。

which were qualities altogether so opposite to those animals.

opposite (正反対) [形] facing or going in the opposite direction

これらはヤフとは全く正反対の性質だった。

He was most perplexed about my clothes, reasoning sometimes with himself, whether they were a part of my body;

be perplexed about (当惑する) [動] be confused or puzzled about

彼は私の服について最も当惑し、それが私の体の一部なのかどうか、時々自分の中で推論していた。

for I never pulled them off till the family were asleep, and got them on before they waked in the morning.

get on (着る) [動] put on

というのも、私は家族が寝るまで服を脱ぐことはなく、朝起きる前に着ていたからだ。

My master was eager to learn whence I came;

eager (知りたがる) [形] strongly wanting to do or have something

learn (知る) [動] get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally

主人は私がどこから来たのか知りたがった。

how I acquired those appearances of reason which I discovered in all my actions;

acquire (身につける) [動] to gain or get as one's own

私の行動のすべてに現れている理性の外観をどのようにして身につけたのか。

and to know my story from my own mouth, which he hoped he should soon do by the great proficiency I made in learning and pronouncing their words and sentences.

proficiency (上達) [名] a high degree of competence or skill

そして、私の口から私の話を知りたがったが、私が彼らの言葉や文を学び、発音する上で大いに上達したので、すぐにそれができるだろうと期待していた。

To help my memory, I formed all I learned in the English alphabet, and wrote the words down, with the translations.

help (助ける) [動] make it easier for someone to do something

記憶を助けるために、私は学んだことをすべて英語のアルファベットで書き、その言葉を翻訳と一緒に書き留めた。

This last, after some time, I ventured to do in my master’s presence.

しばらくして、私は主人の前でこの最後の仕事を敢行した。

It cost me much trouble to explain to him what I was doing;

私が何をしているのかを彼に説明するのに、私はとても苦労した。

for the inhabitants have not the least idea of books or literature.

have not the least idea (全く知らない) [動] have no knowledge or understanding of something

literature (文学) [名] written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit

住民は書物や文学について全く知らないからだ。

In about ten weeks’ time I was able to understand most of his questions;

about ten weeks (約十週間) [名] a period of time

約十週間で、私は彼の質問のほとんどを理解できるようになった。

and in three months could give him some tolerable answers.

three months (三ヶ月) [名] a period of time lasting three months

give (返す) [動] to make a return for

そして三ヶ月で、彼にそれなりの答えを返せるようになった。

He was extremely curious to know from what part of the country I came, and how I was taught to imitate a rational creature;

彼は私が国のどの地方から来たのか、また、どうやって理性的な生き物を真似るように教えられたのかを非常に知りたがっていた。

because the _yahoos_ (whom he saw I exactly resembled in my head, hands and face, that were only visible), with some appearance of cunning, and the strongest disposition to mischief, were observed to be the most unteachable of all brutes,

cunning (ずる賢さ) [名] the quality of being clever in a dishonest way

unteachable (教えにくい) [形] not able to be taught

なぜなら、ヤフーは(彼が見た限りでは、私の頭、手、顔はヤフーとそっくりだった)多少のずる賢さと、いたずらを好む強い性質を持ちながら、あらゆる動物の中で最も教えにくいと見なされていたからだ。

I answered that I came over the sea from a far place, with many others of my own kind, in a great hollow vessel made of the bodies of trees;

come over (越えて来る) [動] come to a place

私は、木の幹でできた大きな空洞の船で、遠い場所から海を越えて、私と同じような他の多くの人々と一緒に来たと答えた。

that my companions forced me to land on this coast, and then left me to shift for myself.

shift (自活する) [動] manage on one's own

仲間が私をこの海岸に上陸させ、それから私を置き去りにしたのだ。

It was with some difficulty, and by the help of many signs, that I brought him to understand me.

with some difficulty (多少の困難を伴って) [副] not easily

多少の困難と、多くの身振り手振りの助けを借りて、私は彼に理解してもらうことができた。

He replied, that I must needs be mistaken, or that I said the thing which was not.

be mistaken (間違っている) [動] have a wrong idea or opinion about something

彼は、私が間違っているに違いない、あるいはありもしないことを言っているに違いないと答えた。

(For they have no word in their language to express lying or falsehood.)

have no word (言葉がない) [動] be unable to express something in words

falsehood (偽り) [名] a false or inaccurate statement

(彼らの言語には嘘や偽りを表現する言葉がない。)

He knew it was impossible that there could be a country beyond the sea, or that a parcel of brutes could move a wooden vessel whither they pleased upon water.

parcel (一群) [名] a collection of things wrapped up together

彼は海の向こうに国があるはずがないことや、一群の獣が木造の船を水の上を自由に動かせるなんてありえないことを知っていた。

He was sure no Houyhnhnm alive could make such a vessel, nor would trust _yahoos_ to manage it.

彼は生きているフウイヌムがそんな船を作れるはずがないし、ヤフにそれを任せるはずもないと確信していた。

The word Houyhnhnm, in their tongue, signifies a horse, and, in its etymology, the perfection of nature.

フウイヌムという言葉は、彼らの言葉では馬を意味し、語源的には自然の完成を意味する。

I told my master that I was at a loss for expression, but would improve as fast as I could;

at a loss (困っている) [形] confused or bewildered

as fast as (できるだけ早く) [副] as quickly as possible

improve (上達する) [動] become better or more advanced

私は主人に、表現に困っているが、できるだけ早く上達すると言った。

and hoped in a short time I should be able to tell him wonders.

そして、短時間で彼に不思議なことを話せるようになることを望んだ。

He was pleased to direct his own mare, his colt and foal, and the servants of the family, to take all opportunities of instructing me;

彼は自分の雌馬、子馬、子馬、そして家族の召使たちに、あらゆる機会に私を指導するように指示して喜んでくれた。

and every day, for two or three hours, he was at the same pains himself;

two or three hours (二、三時間) [名] a period of time

at the same pains (同じ苦労をする) [動] to experience the same difficulty or hardship

そして毎日、二、三時間、彼自身も同じ苦労をしていた。

several horses and mares of quality in the neighborhood came often to our house upon the report spread of a wonderful _yahoo_, that could speak like a Houyhnhnm, and seemed in his words and actions to discover some glimmerings of reason.

近所の何頭かの上品な馬や雌馬は、フウイヌムのように話すことができ、言葉や行動に理性のきらめきを発見したように見える素晴らしいヤフーの報告が広まると、よく私たちの家に来ていた。

These delighted to converse with me;

彼らは私と会話するのを喜んだ。

they put many questions and received such answers as I was able to return.

return (返答する) [動] to say or write something in reply

彼らは多くの質問をし、私が返答できるような答えを受け取った。

By all these advantages I made so great a progress, that in five months from my arrival, I understood whatever was spoken, and could express myself tolerably well.

all these (これらの) [限] all of these

spoken (話されている) [動] express (something) in words

well (うまく) [副] in a good or proper manner

これらの利点によって、私はとても進歩し、到着してから5ヶ月で、話されていることは何でも理解でき、自分をかなりうまく表現できるようになった。

The Houyhnhnms who came to visit my master out of a design of seeing and talking with me, could hardly believe me to be a right _yahoo_, because my body had a different covering from others of my kind.

Houyhnhnms (フウイヌム) [名] a race of intelligent horses in Gulliver's Travels

hardly (信じがたいようだった) [副] almost not; barely

covering (覆い) [名] something that covers something else

私に会って話をしようとして主人を訪ねてきたフウイヌムたちは、私の体が他のヤフーとは違う覆いをしていたので、私が正しいヤフーだとは信じがたいようだった。

They were astonished to observe me without the usual hair or skin, except on my head, face, and hands;

彼らは、頭、顔、手以外に普通の毛や皮膚のない私を見て驚いた。

but I discovered that secret to my master upon an accident which happened about a fortnight before.

しかし、私はその秘密を2週間ほど前に起こった事故で主人に知られてしまった。

I have already told the reader, that every night, when the family were gone to bed, it was my custom to strip, and cover myself with my clothes:

every night (毎晩) [副] on all nights

私はすでに読者に、毎晩、家族が寝床についたとき、服を脱いで、服を被るのが私の習慣だと話した。

it happened one morning early, that my master sent for me by the sorrel nag, who was his valet;

early (早く) [副] before the usual or expected time

ある朝早く、主人が従者の栗毛の馬に私を呼びにやった。

when he came I was fast asleep, my clothes fallen off on one side, and my shirt above my waist.

fast asleep (ぐっすり眠っている) [形] in a deep sleep

fall off (落ちる) [動] move or come down freely and rapidly

彼が来たとき、私はぐっすり眠っていて、服は片側に落ち、シャツは腰の上にめくれ上がっていた。

I awaked at the noise he made, and observed him to deliver his message in some disorder;

message (伝言) [名] a verbal, written, or recorded communication sent to or left for a recipient who cannot be contacted directly

disorder (混乱) [名] a state of confusion or uncertainty

私は彼が立てる物音で目を覚まし、彼が何か混乱した様子で伝言を伝えているのに気づいた。

after which he went to my master, and in a great fright gave him a very confused account of what he had seen.

in a great fright (とても恐ろしい様子で) [副] in a very scared manner

very confused (とても混乱した) [形] very bewildered or perplexed

その後、彼は主人のところへ行き、とても恐ろしい様子で、見たことをとても混乱した様子で説明した。

This I presently discovered;

すぐにわかった。

for going as soon as I was dressed to pay attendance upon his honor, he asked me the meaning of what his servant had reported, that I was not the same thing when I slept as I appeared to be at other times.

pay attendance (行く) [動] go to a place

私が着替えてすぐに彼のもとへ行くと、彼は召使が報告したことの意味を尋ね、私が寝ている時と他の時とでは同じではないと言った。

I had hitherto concealed the secret of my dress, in order to distinguish myself as much as possible from that cursed race of _yahoos_; but now I found it in vain to do so any longer.

dress (服) [名] a garment for a woman or girl that has a skirt and bodice

any longer (もはや) [副] no more; not any more

私はこれまで、あの呪われたヤフーの種族とできるだけ区別するために、服の秘密を隠していたが、今となっては、そうしても無駄だとわかった。

Besides, I considered that my clothes and shoes would soon wear out, which already were in a declining condition, and must be supplied by some contrivance from the hides of _yahoos_ or other brutes;

wear out (すり切れる) [動] become used up or worn out

declining (傷んだ) [形] becoming smaller or worse

must (しなければならない) [助] be obliged to; be required to

その上、服や靴がすぐにすり切れてしまうだろうと考えていたが、すでにかなり傷んでいて、ヤフーや他の動物の皮でどうにかして補充しなければならない。

whereby the whole secret would be known.

whereby (そうすれば) [副] by which; by means of which

そうすれば、秘密がすべて知られてしまう。

I therefore told my master that in the country whence I came, those of my kind always covered their bodies with the hairs of certain animals prepared by art, as well for decency as to avoid the inclemencies of air, both hot and cold;

kind (種族) [名] a group of people or things having similar characteristics

inclemency (厳しさ) [名] the quality of being severe or harsh

そこで私は主人に、私の出身国では、私の種族は、礼儀作法のためだけでなく、暑さ寒さの厳しい気候を避けるために、常に芸術的に準備された特定の動物の毛で体を覆っていると話した。

of which, as to my own person, I would give him immediate conviction, if he pleased to command me.

my own person (私自身) [名] myself

conviction (確信) [名] a firmly held belief or opinion

私自身については、もし彼が私に命令してくれれば、すぐに彼に確信を与えるだろう。

Whereupon I first unbuttoned my coat, and pulled it off.

unbutton (ボタンを外す) [動] undo the buttons of

そこで私はまず上着のボタンを外して脱いだ。

I did the same with my waistcoat.

チョッキも同じようにした。

I drew off my shoes, stockings, and breeches.

draw off (脱ぐ) [動] take off

私は靴、靴下、ズボンを脱いだ。

My master observed the whole performance with great signs of curiosity and admiration.

私の主人は、好奇心と感心の色を濃く浮かべて、この一連の動作を観察していた。

He took up all my clothes in his pastern, one piece after another, and examined them diligently;

one piece (一つ一つ) [名] a single item

彼は私の服を全部、一つ一つ前足で取り上げて、熱心に調べた。

he then stroked my body very gently, and looked round me several times;

それから、私の体をとても優しくなでて、何度も私の周りを見た。

after which he said, it was plain I must be a perfect _yahoo_;

その後、彼は私が完全なヤフーであるに違いないと言った。

but that I differed very much from the rest of my species, in the softness, whiteness, and smoothness of my skin;

softness (柔らかさ) [名] the quality or state of being soft

whiteness (白さ) [名] the quality or state of being white

smoothness (滑らかさ) [名] the quality or state of being smooth

しかし、私の肌の柔らかさ、白さ、滑らかさは、他の種とは大きく異なる。

my want of hair on several parts of my body;

私の体のいくつかの部分に毛がないこと。

the shape and shortness of my claws behind and before;

shortness (短さ) [名] the quality or state of being short

私の爪の形と短さ。

and my affectation of walking continually on my two hinder feet.

continually (歩き続ける) [副] without interruption; continuously

hinder (後ろ) [形] at the back or rear

そして、私の二本の後ろ足で歩き続けるという気取り。

He desired to see no more;

彼は見たくないと思った。

and gave me leave to put on my clothes again, for I was shuddering with cold.

give leave (許可を与える) [動] give permission

put on (着る) [動] put clothes on one's body

shudder (震える) [動] tremble or shiver

そして、私が寒さで震えていたので、服を着直す許可を与えた。

I expressed my uneasiness at his giving me so often the appellation of _yahoo_, an odious animal, for which I had so utter a hatred and contempt;

uneasiness (不安) [名] a feeling of worry or nervousness

so often (頻繁に) [副] frequently

私は、彼が私に、私がとても憎しみと軽蔑を抱いている忌まわしい動物であるヤフーという呼び名を頻繁に与えることに不安を表明した。

I begged he would forbear applying that word to me, and take the same order in his family and among his friends whom he suffered to see me.

私は彼に、私にその呼び名を適用するのを控え、彼の家族や私に会うのを許した友人の間でも同じ命令を出すように頼んだ。

I requested likewise, that the secret of my having a false covering to my body might be known to none but himself, at least as long as my present clothing should last;

clothing (服) [名] items worn to cover the body

私はまた、少なくとも私の現在の服が続く限り、私の体に偽の覆いをしているという秘密を彼以外には知られないように頼んだ。

for, as to what the sorrel nag, his valet, had observed, his honor might command him to conceal it.

sorrel (栗毛) [形] of a light reddish-brown color

honor (主人) [名] a person of distinguished merit or importance

というのも、彼の従者である栗毛の馬が観察したことについては、彼の主人である彼がそれを隠すように命じることができるからだ。

All this my master very graciously consented to, and thus the secret was kept till my clothes began to wear out, which I was forced to supply by several contrivances that shall hereafter be mentioned.

very graciously (とても快く) [副] in a very kind or polite way

consent to (同意する) [動] give permission for something to happen

be kept (守られる) [動] be maintained or preserved

be mentioned (述べる) [動] refer to briefly

私の主人はこれらすべてにとても快く同意し、こうして私の服が擦り切れ始めるまで秘密は守られたが、私は後述するいくつかの工夫でそれを補わざるを得なかった。

In the meantime, he desired I would go on with my utmost diligence to learn their language, because he was more astonished at my capacity for speech and reason, than at the figure of my body, whether it were covered or no;

diligence (勤勉さ) [名] careful and persistent work or effort

no (いいえ) [副] not at all; to no extent

その間に、彼は私が彼らの言語を学ぶために最大限の勤勉さをもって続けることを望んだ、なぜなら彼は私の身体の姿よりも、覆われているかどうかにかかわらず、私の言語と理性の能力に驚いたからだ。

adding, that he waited with some impatience to hear the wonders which I promised to tell him.

加えて、彼は私が彼に話すと約束した不思議を聞くのを少し焦って待っていた。

Thenceforward he doubled the pains he had been at to instruct me;

thenceforward (それ以来) [副] from that time forward

pain (労力) [名] a feeling of great discomfort or suffering

それ以来、彼は私を指導するために費やしていた労力を倍にした。

he brought me into all company, and made them treat me with civility, because, as he told them privately, this would put me into good humor, and make me more diverting.

good humor (機嫌よく) [名] a cheerful or humorous mood

diverting (愉快) [形] entertaining or amusing

彼は私をあらゆる集まりに連れて行き、彼らに私を丁寧に扱わせた、なぜなら、彼が彼らに内緒で言ったように、これは私を機嫌よくさせ、私をもっと愉快にするからだ。

Every day, when I waited on him, besides the trouble he was at in teaching, he would ask me several questions concerning myself, which I answered as well as I could;

besides (以外に) [前] in addition to

teaching (教えるのに) [名] the profession of a teacher

concerning (に関して) [前] about

毎日、私が彼に仕えると、彼は教えるのに苦労する以外に、私に関していくつかの質問をしてきたので、私はできるだけ答えた。

and by these means he had already received some general ideas, though very imperfect.

by these means (これらの方法で) [副] in this way

そして、これらの方法で、彼はすでに非常に不完全ではあるが、いくつかの一般的な考えを受け取っていた。

It would be tedious to relate the several steps by which I advanced to a more regular conversation, but the first account I gave of myself in any order and length was to this purpose:

step (段階) [名] a stage in a process

regular (普通の) [形] done or happening frequently or at regular intervals

私がより普通の会話に進むまでのいくつかの段階を語るのは退屈だろうが、私が自分について順序立てて長々と語った最初の話はこの目的のためだった。

That I came from a very far country, as I already had attempted to tell him, with about fifty more of my own species;

very far (非常に遠い) [形] a great distance

私がすでに彼に話そうとしたように、私は非常に遠い国から、私と同じ種族の約50人と一緒に来た。

that we traveled upon the seas in a great hollow vessel made of wood, and larger than his honor’s house.

私たちは、彼の邸宅よりも大きな木製の大きな中空の船で海を旅した。

I described the ship to him in the best terms I could, and explained, by the help of my handkerchief displayed, how it was driven forward by the wind.

display (広げる) [動] show or make visible

私はできる限り最善の言葉で彼に船のことを説明し、ハンカチを広げて、風によってどのように前進するかを説明した。

That upon a quarrel among us, I was set on shore on this coast, where I walked forward, without knowing whither, till he delivered me from the persecution of those execrable yahoos.

set on shore (上陸させる) [動] to go ashore

walk forward (歩き続ける) [動] to continue walking

persecution (迫害) [名] hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs

execrable (忌まわしい) [形] extremely bad or unpleasant

私たちの間で喧嘩が起こり、私はこの海岸に上陸させられたが、彼が私をあの忌まわしいヤフーの迫害から救い出してくれるまで、どこへ行くのかわからないまま歩き続けた。

He asked me who made the ship, and how it was possible that the Houyhnhnms of my country would leave it to the management of brutes.

彼は私に、船を作ったのは誰か、私の国のフウイヌムがどうしてそれを野蛮人の管理に任せているのかと尋ねた。

My answer was, that I durst proceed no farther in my relation, unless he would give me his word and honor that he would not be offended, and then I would tell him the wonders I had so often promised.

word (約束) [名] a promise

私の答えは、彼が私に怒らないという約束と名誉を与えない限り、私は私の関係をこれ以上進めることはできない、そして私は彼に私が何度も約束した不思議を話すだろうというものだった。

He agreed; and I went on by assuring him that the ship was made by creatures like myself, who, in all the countries I had traveled, as well as in my own, were the only governing, rational animals;

彼は同意した。そして私は、船は私のような生き物によって作られたものであり、私が旅したすべての国々においても、私の国においても、唯一の支配者であり、理性的な動物であることを彼に保証した。

and that upon my arrival hither I was as much astonished to see the Houyhnhnms act like rational beings, as he or his friends could be in finding some marks of reason in a creature he was pleased to call a _yahoo_, to which I owned my resemblance in every part, but could not account for their degenerate and brutal nature.

upon my arrival (私が到着したとき) [名] when I arrived

hither (ここに) [副] to this place

as much astonished (同じくらい驚いた) [形] equally surprised

act like (~のように振る舞う) [動] behave in a similar way to

rational beings (理性的な存在) [名] beings that are able to think and reason

as he or his friends could be (彼や彼の友人たちが~したのと同じくらい) [副] to the same extent as he or his friends

in finding some marks of reason (理性の印を見つけたのと同じくらい) [名] in finding some evidence of intelligence

in a creature (生き物に) [名] in an animal

he was pleased to call a _yahoo_ (彼がヤフーと呼ぶことを喜んでいる) [動] he liked to call a yahoo

to which I owned my resemblance in every part (私はあらゆる点でその生き物に似ていることを認めた) [名] I admitted that I was similar to that creature in every way

but could not account for their degenerate and brutal nature (彼らの堕落した残忍な性質を説明することはできなかった) [動] but could not explain their degenerate and brutal nature

そして、私がここに到着したとき、フウイヌムが理性的な存在のように振る舞うのを見て、彼や彼の友人たちが、彼がヤフーと呼ぶことを喜んでいる生き物に理性の印を見つけたのと同じくらい驚いたが、私はあらゆる点でその生き物に似ていることを認めたが、彼らの堕落した残忍な性質を説明することはできなかった。

I said farther, that if good fortune ever restored me to my native country, to relate my travels hither, as I resolved to do, everybody would believe that I said the thing which was not;

say farther (さらに言う) [動] say something in addition

私はさらに、もし幸運にも私が母国に戻り、私が決意したように、私の旅を語ったとしても、誰もが私が言っていないことを言ったと信じるだろうと言った。

that I invented the story out of my own head;

私は自分の頭で物語を創作した。

and—with all possible respect to himself, his family, and friends, and under his promise of not being offended—our countrymen would hardly think it probable that a Houyhnhnm should be the presiding creature of a nation, and a _yahoo_ the brute.

with all possible respect (最大限の敬意を払い) [名] with the greatest possible respect

our countrymen (私たちの国人) [名] the people of our country

presiding (統治する) [形] having the highest rank or authority

そして、彼自身、彼の家族、友人に対して最大限の敬意を払い、また彼が気分を害さないと約束した上で、私たちの国人は、フウイヌムが国家を統治する生き物であり、ヤフーが野獣であるということはあり得ないと考えるであろう。

CHAPTER IV

第4章

THE HOUYHNHNMS’ NOTION OF TRUTH AND FALSEHOOD—THE AUTHOR’S DISCOURSE DISAPPROVED BY HIS MASTER—THE AUTHOR GIVES A MORE PARTICULAR ACCOUNT OF HIMSELF, AND THE ACCIDENTS OF HIS VOYAGE.

HOUYHNHNMS’ (フウイヌムの) [名] a fictional race of intelligent horses described in the 1726 satirical novel Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift

DISAPPROVED (否認される) [動] refuse to accept as satisfactory or valid

GIVES (説明する) [動] provide or supply

ACCIDENTS (事故) [名] an unfortunate event that happens unexpectedly and usually results in harm or damage

フウイヌムの真実と虚偽の概念ー著者の談話は主人に否認されるー著者は彼自身と彼の航海の事故についてより詳細に説明する。

My master heard me with great appearances of uneasiness in his countenance;

私の主人は、私の話を聞いて、とても不安そうな顔をしていた。

because doubting or not believing, are so little known in this country, that the inhabitants cannot tell how to behave themselves under such circumstances;

なぜなら、疑うことや信じないことはこの国ではほとんど知られていないため、住民はそのような状況下でどのように振る舞えばよいのかわからないからである。

and I remember, in frequent discourses with my master concerning the nature of manhood, in other parts of the world, having occasion to talk of lying and false representation, it was with much difficulty that he comprehended what I meant, although he had otherwise a most acute judgment.

manhood (人間性) [名] the qualities or attributes regarded as characteristic of men

otherwise (他の点では) [副] in other circumstances

私が覚えているのは、世界の他の地域における人間性の本質について主人と頻繁に話し合ったとき、嘘や偽りの表現について話す機会があったが、彼は他の点では非常に鋭い判断力を持っていたにもかかわらず、私の言っていることを理解するのに非常に苦労したということである。

For he argued thus: that the use of speech was to make us understand one another, and to receive information of facts;

彼はこう主張した。言葉の使い方は、私たちが互いに理解し合い、事実の情報を得ることである。

now, if any one said the thing which was not, these ends were defeated, because I cannot properly be said to understand him;

anyone (誰か) [代] any person

defeat (失敗に終わる) [動] fail to win a game or contest

properly (適切に) [副] in a proper manner

もし誰かが事実でないことを発言したら、その目的は失敗に終わる。なぜなら、私はその人を理解しているとは言えないからである。

and I am so far from receiving information, that he leaves me worse than in ignorance, for I am led to believe a thing black when it is white, and short when it is long.

far from (どころか) [副] not at all; on the contrary

情報を得るどころか、私は無知よりもひどい状態に置かれてしまう。なぜなら、私は白いものを黒いと思い、長いものを短いと思い込んでしまうからである。

And these were all the notions he had concerning that faculty of lying, so perfectly well understood among human creatures.

faculty (能力) [名] an ability or power

これが、人間の間には実によく理解されている嘘をつく能力に関して、彼が持っていた考えのすべてだった。

To return from this digression: When I asserted that the _yahoos_ were the only governing animals in my country, which my master said was altogether past his conception, he desired to know whether we had Houyhnhnms among us, and what was their employment.

governing (支配的な) [形] having the power to make and enforce laws

話がそれたが、元に戻そう。私が、私の国ではヤフーだけが支配的な動物だと断言すると、主人は全く理解できないと言い、私たちの間にフウイヌムがいるのか、また彼らの仕事は何かを知りたがりました。

I told him we had great numbers;

great number (たくさん) [名] a large quantity or amount

私は、たくさんいると答えた。

that in summer they grazed in the fields, and in winter were kept in houses, with hay and oats, where _yahoo_ servants were employed to rub their skins smooth, comb their manes, pick their feet, serve them with food, and make their beds.

graze (草を食べる) [動] feed on growing grass and vegetation

winter (冬) [名] the season of the year between autumn and spring

rub (撫でる) [動] move one's hand or an object over the surface of something with a smooth or gentle action

comb (梳く) [動] untangle or arrange (the hair) with a comb

mane (たてがみ) [名] a growth of long hair on the neck of a horse, lion, or other animal

pick (切る) [動] break off or remove with the fingers

serve (与える) [動] perform duties or services for (another person or an organization)

make (整える) [動] construct or create something

夏には野原で草を食べ、冬には干し草や麦を与えられて家の中で飼われ、ヤフーの召使が彼らの肌をなめらかに撫で、たてがみを梳き、足の爪を切り、食事を与え、寝床を整える仕事をしていると答えた。

“I understand you well,” said my master;

「よく分かった」と主人は言った。

“it is very plain, from all you have spoken, that whatever share of reason the _yahoos_ pretend to, the Houyhnhnms are your masters.

pretend (主張する) [動] to claim or assert falsely

「あなたの話から、ヤフーがどんなに理性を主張しようとも、フウイヌムがあなたたちの主人であることは明らかだ。

I heartily wish our _yahoos_ would be so tractable.”

be tractable (従順である) [動] easily controlled or managed

我々のヤフーもそれほど従順ならどんなにいいか」

I begged his honor would please excuse me from proceeding any farther, because I was very certain that the account he expected from me would be highly displeasing.

farther (先に) [副] to a greater distance

displease (不愉快にする) [動] cause to be unhappy or angry

私は、彼が私に期待している話が非常に不愉快なものであることは間違いないので、これ以上先に進まないでほしいと彼に懇願した。

But he insisted in commanding me to let him know the best and the worst.

insist (言い張る) [動] be emphatic and forceful

best (善) [名] the most excellent or desirable thing or part

worst (悪) [名] the most serious or unpleasant thing or part

しかし、彼は私に善悪を教えるようにと命令し続けた。

I told him he should be obeyed.

私は彼に従うべきだと言った。

I owned that the Houyhnhnms among us, whom we called horses, were the most generous and comely animals we had;

私は、私たちの間で馬と呼ばれるフウイヌムが、私たちが飼っている動物の中で最も気高く美しい動物であることを認めた。

that they excelled in strength and swiftness;

彼らは力と速さに優れている。

and when they belonged to persons of quality, were employed in traveling, racing, or drawing chariots;

race (競馬) [名] a competition between vehicles, animals, or people, to see which is the fastest

身分の高い人の所有物になると、旅行、競馬、馬車の牽引に使われていた。

they were treated with much kindness and care, till they fell into diseases, or became foundered in the feet;

fall into (かかる) [動] be classified into

founder (動かなくなる) [動] fill with water and sink

病気になったりして足が動かなくなるまでは、とても親切に世話をされていた。

and then they were sold, and used to all kind of drudgery till they died;

and then (その後) [副] after that

be sold (売られる) [動] be bought by someone

used to (使われる) [動] be accustomed to

all kind of (あらゆる) [限] of all sorts

その後は売られ、死ぬまであらゆる雑用に使われる。

after which their skins were stripped, and sold for what they were worth, and their bodies left to be devoured by dogs and birds of prey.

strip (剥ぐ) [動] remove the outer layer or covering of

worth (相応の) [名] the value of something

その後は皮を剥がされ、相応の値段で売られ、死体は犬や猛禽類に食べられる。

But the common race of horses had not so good fortune, being kept by farmers and carriers and other mean people, who put them to great labor, and fed them worse.

carrier (運送業者) [名] a person or company that transports people or goods

mean (下層階級の) [形] of low standard or quality

put (与える) [動] to cause to be in a specified state or condition

しかし、普通の馬はそこまで幸運ではなく、農民や運送業者やその他の下層階級の人々に飼われ、重労働をさせられて、粗末な餌しか与えられていなかった。

I described as well as I could, our way of riding;

riding (乗馬) [名] the sport or activity of riding horses

私はできるだけ詳しく、私たちの乗馬の方法を説明した。

the shape and use of a bridle, a saddle, a spur, and a whip;

saddle (鞍) [名] a seat for a rider on a horse

spur (拍車) [名] a device with a small spike that is worn on a rider's heel and used to urge a horse forward

whip (鞭) [名] a strip of leather or a similar material attached to a handle, used for striking a person or animal

手綱、鞍、拍車、鞭の形と使い方。

of harness and wheels.

馬具と車輪の形と使い方。

I added, that we fastened plates of a certain hard substance, called iron, at the bottom of their feet, to preserve their hoofs from being broken by the stony ways on which we often traveled.

hard (硬い) [形] not easily penetrated

break (割れる) [動] separate into pieces as a result of impact or stress

stony (石だらけの) [形] full of stones

更に、私たちがよく通る石だらけの道でひづめが割れないように、鉄と呼ばれる硬い物質の板を馬の足の裏に打ち付けていることも付け加えた。

My master, after some expressions of great indignation, wondered how we dared to venture upon a Houyhnhnm’s back;

some expressions (様子) [名] the way that someone or something looks or behaves

great indignation (大いに憤慨した) [名] a feeling of anger or annoyance at something considered unfair or unreasonable

wonder (驚いた) [動] feel or express surprise or amazement

私の主人は、大いに憤慨した様子を見せた後、よくもまあフウイヌムの背中にまたがろうと思ったものだと驚いた。

for he was sure, that the weakest servant in his house would be able to shake off the strongest _yahoo_; or by lying down, and rolling on his back, squeeze the brute to death.

be sure (確信している) [動] be certain or confident about something

the weakest (一番弱い) [形] lacking the power to perform; lacking in physical or mental strength

in his house (彼の家で) [前] inside his house

would be able to (できるだろう) [助] have the ability or power to do something

shake off (振り落とす) [動] get rid of

the strongest (一番強い) [形] having the greatest power or force

or (あるいは) [接] used to connect alternatives

lying down (横になる) [動] be in or move into a horizontal position

rolling on (転がる) [動] move or cause to move in a circular manner

his back (彼の背中) [名] the part of the human body between the neck and the bottom of the spine

to death (死ぬまで) [前] until death

というのも、彼の家で一番弱い召使でも、一番強いヤフーを振り落とせるし、あるいは、横になって背中を転がせば、その獣を押しつぶして殺せると確信していたからだ。

I answered that our horses were trained up, from three or four years old, to the several uses we intended them for;

three or four years old (三、四歳) [名] an age

私は、私たちの馬は三、四歳から、私たちが意図する様々な用途に訓練されていると答えた。

that if any of them proved intolerably vicious, they were employed for carriages;

intolerably (耐えられないほど) [副] to a degree that cannot be endured

そのうち、耐えられないほど悪質だと判明した馬は、馬車に使われるのだと。

that they were severely beaten, while they were young, for any mischievous tricks;

若いうちは、いたずらをするとひどく殴られる。

that they were indeed sensible of rewards and punishments;

sensible (理解している) [形] having or showing good judgment or reason

reward (褒美) [名] something given in return for good behavior or good work

馬は確かに褒美や罰を理解している。

but his honor would please to consider, that they had not the least tincture of reason, any more than the _yahoos_ in this country.

しかし、馬にはこの国のヤフーと同じく、理性のかけらもないことを、殿下にはご考慮いただきたい。

It put me to the pains of many circumlocutions, to give my master a right idea of what I spoke;

put to the pain (苦労する) [動] to cause someone to do something that is difficult or unpleasant

circumlocution (回りくどい言い回し) [名] the use of many words where fewer would do

give a right idea (正しく理解してもらう) [動] to cause someone to understand something correctly

私が話していることを主人に正しく理解してもらうために、私は多くの回りくどい言い回しをしなければならなかった。

for their language does not abound in variety of words, because their wants and passions are fewer than among us.

abound (豊富である) [動] be plentiful or in great supply

variety (種類) [名] the quality or state of being different or diverse

彼らの言語は、欲求や情熱が私たちよりも少ないため、言葉の種類が豊富ではない。

But it is impossible to represent his noble resentment at our savage treatment of the Houyhnhnm race.

represent (表現する) [動] to show or make known by description or portrayal or to serve as a symbol of

treatment (扱い) [名] the application of medical or surgical methods to a patient

しかし、フウイヌム族に対する私たちの野蛮な扱いに対する彼の高貴な憤りを表現することは不可能だ。

He said, if it were possible there could be any country where _yahoos_ alone were indued with reason, they certainly must be the governing animal;

be possible (ありうる) [動] be able to be done or achieved

there could be (ある) [動] exist

where (どこ) [副] in or to what place or position

alone (だけ) [副] without anyone or anything else

be indued with (持つ) [動] be equipped or supplied with

must be (であるに違いない) [助] be obliged to; be compelled to

彼は、もしヤフーだけが理性を持つ国があるとしたら、彼らは間違いなく支配的な動物であるに違いないと言った。

because reason in time will always prevail against brutal strength.

brutal (野蛮な) [形] savagely violent

なぜなら、理性は常に野蛮な力に勝るからだ。

But, considering the frames of our bodies, and especially of mine, he thought no creature of equal bulk was so ill contrived for employing that reason in the common offices of life;

frame (構造) [名] the basic structure of something

equal (同じ) [形] being the same in quantity, size, value, or status

ill (不都合に) [形] bad or unpleasant

contrive (作られる) [動] plan or invent in a clever or skillful way

office (職場) [名] a room or set of rooms or a building where people work, usually sitting at desks

しかし、私たちの身体の構造、特に私の身体の構造を考えると、彼は、同じ大きさの生き物の中で、生活の共通の職場でその理性を使うためにこれほど不都合に作られたものはないと思った。

whereupon he desired to know whether those among whom I lived resembled me or the _yahoos_ of this country.

そこで彼は、私が住んでいる人々が私に似ているのか、それともこの国のヤフーに似ているのかを知りたいと思った。

I assured him that I was as well shaped as most of my age;

私は、自分は同年代のほとんどの人と同じくらい体格がいいと彼に保証した。

but the younger, and the females, were much more soft and tender, and the skins of the latter generally as white as milk.

female (雌) [形] of or denoting the sex that produces ova or bears young

tender (柔らかい) [形] not tough or hard

しかし、若い馬や雌馬はもっと柔らかく、雌馬の皮膚はたいてい牛乳のように白い。

He said I differed indeed from other _yahoos_, being much more cleanly, and not altogether so deformed;

cleanly (きれい) [形] free from dirt or contamination

彼は、私が他のヤフーとは確かに違っていて、ずっときれいで、それほど醜くはないと言っていた。

but, in point of real advantage, he thought I differed for the worse: that my nails were of no use either to my fore or hinder feet;

real (実際の) [形] not imaginary; having objective existence

fore (前) [形] situated or placed in front

しかし、実際の利点という点では、私はもっと悪い方に違っていると思った。私の爪は前足にも後ろ足にも役に立たない。

as to my forefeet, he could not properly call them by that name, for he never observed me to walk upon them;

私の前足については、彼はそれをその名で呼ぶことができなかった。なぜなら、私がその上を歩くのを見たことがなかったからだ。

that they were too soft to bear the ground;

too soft (柔らかすぎる) [形] not firm or hard enough

bear the ground (地面を支える) [動] support the weight of something

地面を支えるには柔らかすぎる。

that I generally went with them uncovered;

uncover (覆わない) [動] remove the covering from

私はたいていそれらを覆わずに歩く。

neither was the covering I sometimes wore on them of the same shape, or so strong as that on my feet behind;

私が時々履く覆いも同じ形をしていないし、後ろ足の覆いほど強くない。

that I could not walk with any security, for if either of my hinder feet slipped, I must inevitably fall.

inevitably (必ず) [副] as is certain to happen; unavoidably

後ろ足のどちらかが滑ったら、必ず転んでしまうので、私は安全に歩くことができない。

He then began to find fault with other parts of my body: the flatness of my face, the prominence of my nose, my eyes placed directly in front, so that I could not look on either side without turning my head.

find fault with (欠陥を見つける) [動] to criticize or complain about

flatness (平坦さ) [名] the quality of being flat

prominence (突出) [名] the state of being important or famous

それから彼は私の体の他の部分の欠陥を見つけ始めた。顔の平坦さ、鼻の突出、真っ直ぐ前を向いた目、頭を回さずにどちら側も見ることができない。

That I was not able to feed myself, without lifting one of my forefeet to my mouth;

前足の1本を口に持ち上げないと、自分で食べることができない。

and therefore nature had placed those joints to answer that necessity.

だから自然はその必要に応えるためにそれらの関節を置いたのだ。

He knew not what could be the use of those several clefts and divisions in my feet behind;

know not (知らない) [動] be unaware of

could be (ありうる) [助] be possible or likely

cleft (裂け目) [名] a split or indentation

division (分割) [名] the action of separating something into parts, or the state of being divided

彼は私の後ろ足のいくつかの裂け目や分割の用途が何であるかを知らなかった。

that these were too soft to bear the hardness and sharpness of stones without a covering made from the skin of some other brute;

hardness (硬さ) [名] the quality or state of being hard

これらは他の動物の皮で作った覆いがなければ石の硬さと鋭さに耐えるには柔らかすぎる。

that my whole body wanted a fence against heat and cold, which I was forced to put on and off every day with tediousness and trouble.

whole body (全身) [名] the entire body

tediousness (退屈) [名] the quality or state of being tedious

私の全身は暑さと寒さに対する防御が必要で、私は毎日退屈で面倒な思いをしながらそれを着たり脱いだりしなければならない。

And lastly, that he observed every animal in this country naturally to abhor the _yahoos_, whom the weaker avoided and the stronger drove from them.

and lastly (そして最後に) [副] finally

abhor (忌み嫌う) [動] detest utterly

whom (~を) [関] that which; the thing that

weaker (弱い) [形] lacking the power to perform

stronger (強い) [形] having the power to perform

そして最後に、彼はこの国のすべての動物が自然にヤフーを忌み嫌うのを観察し、弱い者は避け、強い者は追い払った。

So that, supposing us to have the gift of reason, he could not see how it were possible to cure that natural antipathy which every creature discovered against us;

だから、私たちが理性の賜物を持っていると仮定すると、彼はすべての生き物が私たちに対して抱く自然な反感を治すことがどうして可能か理解できなかった。

nor consequently, how we could tame and render them serviceable.

nor (従って) [接] and not; or not

tame (飼い慣らす) [動] make docile, as by training

従って、どうやって私たちがそれらを飼い慣らして役立たせることができるのか理解できなかった。

However, he would, as he said, debate the matter no farther, because he was more desirous to know my own story, the country where I was born, and the several actions and events of my life before I came hither.

no farther (これ以上) [副] to no greater extent or degree

しかし、彼は言ったように、この問題についてこれ以上議論するつもりはなかった。なぜなら、彼は私自身の話、私が生まれた国、そして私がここに来る前の私の人生のいくつかの行動や出来事を知りたいと思ったからだ。

I assured him how extremely desirous I was that he should be satisfied on every point;

every point (あらゆる点) [名] all aspects of something

私は彼があらゆる点で満足してくれることをどれほど強く望んでいるかを彼に保証した。

but I doubted much, whether it would be possible for me to explain myself on several subjects whereof his honor could have no conception;

doubt (疑問に思う) [動] be uncertain about

possible (可能) [形] able to be done

しかし、私は彼が理解できないであろういくつかの話題について、私が自分自身を説明することが可能かどうか、非常に疑問に思った。

because I saw nothing in his country to which I could resemble them.

なぜなら、私は彼の国でそれらに似ているものを何も見なかったからだ。

That, however, I would do my best, and strive to express myself by similitudes, humbly desiring his assistance when I wanted proper words;

do my best (最善を尽くす) [動] make the greatest effort possible

strive (努力する) [動] make great efforts to achieve or obtain something

しかし、私は最善を尽くし、適切な言葉が必要な時には彼の助けを謙虚に求めながら、比喩で自分を表現するよう努力するつもりだ。

which he was pleased to promise me.

彼は喜んで私に約束してくれた。

I said my birth was of honest parents, in an island called England, which was remote from this country, as many days’ journey as the strongest of his honor’s servants could travel in the annual course of the sun;

England (イングランド) [名] a division of the United Kingdom

私は、この国から遠く離れたイングランドと呼ばれる島で、彼の召使の中で最も強い者が太陽の年周運動で旅するのと同じくらいの日数の旅で、正直な両親から生まれたと言った。

that I was bred a surgeon, whose trade it is to cure wounds and hurts in the body, got by accident or violence;

trade (仕事) [名] a job or profession

hurt (痛み) [名] physical pain

私は外科医として育てられたが、その仕事は事故や暴力によって受けた身体の傷や痛みを治すことである。

that my country was governed by a female man, called a queen;

私の国は女王と呼ばれる女性によって統治されている。

that I left it to get riches whereby I might maintain myself and family when I should return;

riches (富) [名] a great quantity of money or valuable possessions

帰国したときに自分と家族を養うために富を得るために国を離れた。

that in my last voyage, I was commander of the ship, and had about fifty _yahoos_ under me, many of which died at sea, and I was forced to supply them by others picked out from several nations;

pick out (選ぶ) [動] choose or select

私の最後の航海では、私は船の司令官で、私の下に約50人のヤフーがいたが、その多くが海で死んでしまい、私はいくつかの国から選んだ他のヤフーで補充せざるを得なかった。

that our ship was twice in danger of being sunk, the first time by a great storm, and the second by striking against a rock.

danger (危機) [名] a situation that is likely to cause harm

私たちの船は二度沈没の危機に瀕したが、一度目は大嵐で、二度目は岩にぶつかったことだった。

Here my master interposed, by asking me how I could persuade strangers out of different countries to venture with me, after the losses I had sustained, and the hazards I had run.

here (ここで) [副] in this place

interpose (口を挟む) [動] interrupt a conversation

ここで私の主人は、私が被った損失と私が冒した危険の後で、どうやって私が様々な国から来た見知らぬ人々を私と一緒に冒険するよう説得できたのかと尋ねて、口を挟んだ。

I said they were fellows of desperate fortunes, forced to fly from the places of their birth on account of their poverty or their crimes.

desperate (絶望的な) [形] having lost all hope

私は彼らが絶望的な運命の仲間で、貧困や犯罪のために生まれた場所から逃げざるを得なかったと言った。

Some were undone by lawsuits; others spent all they had in drinking and gaming;

be undone by (破産する) [動] be ruined by

lawsuit (訴訟) [名] a legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant in a court of law

drinking (酒) [名] the activity of drinking alcohol

ある者は訴訟で破産し、ある者は酒や賭博で全財産を使い果たした。

others fled for treason; many for murder, theft, poisoning, robbery, perjury, forgery, coining false money, for flying from their colors, or deserting to the enemy;

robbery (強盗) [名] the act of taking something from someone by force or threat of force

forgery (偽造) [名] the act of forging something

coining (偽金作り) [名] the act of making coins

false money (偽金) [名] money that is not genuine

flying (脱走) [名] the act of moving through the air with wings

deserting (敵前逃亡) [名] the act of leaving someone or something that you are supposed to stay with

ある者は反逆罪で逃亡し、多くの者は殺人、窃盗、毒殺、強盗、偽証、偽造、偽金作り、脱走、敵前逃亡などの罪で逃亡した。

and most of them had broken prison;

break (脱獄する) [動] escape from jail or prison

そして、そのほとんどが脱獄犯だった。

none of these durst return to their native countries, for fear of being hanged, or of starving in a jail;

none of (誰も) [代] not one of

for fear of (を恐れて) [前] because of fear of

being hanged (絞首刑にされる) [動] be killed by hanging

starving (飢え死にする) [動] die of hunger

jail (刑務所) [名] a place for the confinement of persons held in lawful custody specifically for convicted criminals of serious crimes

彼らは誰も絞首刑にされたり、刑務所で飢え死にすることを恐れて、故郷に帰ろうとはしなかった。

and therefore were under the necessity of seeking a livelihood in other places.

under the necessity of (必要に迫られて) [名] being forced to do something

seek (求める) [動] try to get or find

livelihood (生計) [名] a means of securing the necessities of life

そのため、彼らは他の場所で生計を立てる必要があった。

During this discourse my master was pleased to interrupt me several times.

この話の間、主人は私を何度も遮って喜んだ。

I had made use of many circumlocutions in describing to him the nature of several crimes for which most of our crew had been forced to fly their country.

fly (逃げる) [動] to run away from

私は、船員のほとんどが国から逃げざるを得なくなったいくつかの犯罪の性質を説明するのに、多くの遠回しな言い回しを使った。

This labor took up several days’ conversation before he was able to comprehend me.

彼が私の言うことを理解できるようになるまで、この作業には数日間の会話が必要だった。

He was wholly at a loss to know what could be the use or necessity of practicing those vices.

at a loss (理解できない) [形] unable to understand or explain something

彼は、そういった悪徳を犯すことの用途や必要性が何なのか、全く理解できなかった。

To clear up which I endeavored to give him some idea of the desire of power and riches;

clear up (明らかにする) [動] make clear or plain

それを明らかにするために、私は彼に権力と富への欲望についてある程度の考えを与えようと努力した。

of the terrible effects of lust, intemperance, malice, and envy.

intemperance (不節制) [名] lack of moderation or self-control

欲望、不節制、悪意、嫉妬の恐ろしい影響について。

All this I was forced to define and describe by putting of cases and making of suppositions.

all this (これら全て) [代] all of this

define (定義する) [動] state or describe exactly the nature, scope, or meaning of

supposition (仮定) [名] a hypothesis or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation

これら全てを、私は事例を挙げたり、仮定を立てたりして定義し、説明せざるを得なかった。

After which, like one whose imagination was struck with something never seen or heard of before, he would lift up his eyes with amazement and indignation.

その後、想像力が今まで見たことも聞いたこともないものに打たれた人のように、彼は驚きと憤慨のあまり目を上げた。

Power, government, war, law, punishment, and a thousand other things had no terms wherein that language could express them;

権力、政府、戦争、法律、処罰、その他数千の物事には、その言語で表現できる言葉がなかった。

which made the difficulty almost insuperable to give my master any conception of what I meant.

insuperable (不可能) [形] too great or extreme to be overcome

そのため、私の主人に私の言いたいことを理解させるのはほとんど不可能だった。

But, being of an excellent understanding, much improved by contemplation and converse, he at last arrived at a competent knowledge of what human nature, in our parts of the world, is capable to perform, and desired I would give him some particular account of that land which we call Europe, but especially of my own country.

contemplation (思索) [名] the action of contemplating

competent (十分な) [形] having the necessary ability or knowledge to do something successfully

しかし、彼は思索と会話によって大いに磨かれた優れた理解力を持っていたので、ついに世界の私たちの地域で人間性が何をなしうるかについて十分な知識を得て、私たちがヨーロッパと呼ぶその土地、特に私の国について何か特別な説明をしてほしいと望んだ。

CHAPTER V

第五章

THE AUTHOR AT HIS MASTER’S COMMAND, INFORMS HIM OF THE STATE OF ENGLAND—THE CAUSES OF WAR AMONG THE PRINCES OF EUROPE—THE AUTHOR BEGINS TO EXPLAIN THE ENGLISH CONSTITUTION.

at one's command (命令で) [名] an order given

主人の命令で著者はイギリスの状態を報告するーヨーロッパの王侯間の戦争の原因ー著者はイギリスの憲法について説明を始める。

The reader may please to observe that the following extract of many of the conversations I had with my master, contains a summary of the most material points, which were discoursed at several times for above two years;

extract (抜粋) [名] a short passage taken from a book, film, or piece of music

summary (要約) [名] a brief statement or account of the main points of something

material (重要) [形] having real importance or great consequences

読者は、私が主人と交わした多くの会話の中から抜粋した以下の部分に、二年以上の間に何度か話した最も重要な点の要約が含まれていることに注目していただきたい。

his honor often desiring fuller satisfaction as I farther improved in the Houyhnhnm tongue.

his honor (主人) [名] a title of respect for a man of high rank

fuller (より完全な) [形] more complete or thorough

the Houyhnhnm tongue (フウイヌムの言語) [名] the language of the Houyhnhnms

私がフウイヌムの言語に上達するにつれて、主人はしばしばより完全な満足を望んだ。

I laid before him, as well as I could, the whole state of Europe;

lay before (説明する) [動] to present something to someone for consideration

state (状況) [名] the condition of something

私はできる限りヨーロッパの全状況を彼に説明した。

I discoursed of trade and manufactures, of arts and sciences;

私は貿易や製造業、芸術や科学について話した。

and the answers I gave to all the questions he made, as they arose upon several subjects, were a fund of conversation not to be exhausted.

fund (宝庫) [名] a source of supply or support

exhaust (尽きる) [動] use up completely

そして、彼がしたあらゆる質問に対する私の答えは、いろいろな話題に及んだので、尽きることのない会話の宝庫となった。

But I shall here only set down the substance of what passed between us concerning my own country, reducing it into order as well as I can, without any regard to time or other circumstances, while I strictly adhere to truth.

set down (書き記す) [動] put in writing

substance (要点) [名] the most important part of something

regard (関係なく) [名] a feeling of respect and admiration

adhere (忠実に) [動] stick fast to

しかし、私はここでは、私の国に関して私たちの間で交わされた会話の要点だけを書き、時間やその他の状況に関係なく、できるだけ順序立てて、真実に忠実に書き記すつもりである。

My only concern is, that I shall hardly be able to do justice to my master’s arguments and expressions, which must needs suffer by my want of capacity, as well as by a translation into our barbarous English.

do justice to (正当に評価する) [動] to treat fairly or appropriately

suffer (損なわれる) [動] to experience or be subjected to something bad or unpleasant

私の唯一の懸念は、私の主人の議論や表現を正当に評価することができないということであり、それは私の能力不足と、私たちの野蛮な英語への翻訳によって、必然的に損なわれることになる。

In obedience, therefore, to his honor’s commands, I related to him the revolution under the Prince of Orange, the long war with France entered into by the said prince, and renewed by his successor, the present queen;

Prince of Orange (オレンジ公) [名] the title of the head of state of the Netherlands

enter into (始まる) [動] begin

successor (後継者) [名] a person who follows another in a position, office, or title

そのため、彼の命令に従って、私はオレンジ公の下での革命、フランスとの長い戦争がその公によって始まり、彼の後継者である現在の女王によって再開されたことを彼に話した。

wherein the greatest powers of Christendom were engaged, and which still continued.

Christendom (キリスト教世界) [名] the Christian world

キリスト教世界の大国が参戦し、今も続いている戦争である。

I computed, at his request, that about a million of _yahoos_ might have been killed in the whole progress of it;

at his request (彼の要請で) [名] at the request of him

about a million (約百万) [名] approximately one million

might have been killed (殺されたのではないかと) [動] might have been killed

in the whole progress of it (その戦争全体で) [名] in the whole progress of it

彼の要請で、私はその戦争全体で約百万のヤフーが殺されたのではないかと計算した。

and perhaps a hundred or more cities taken, and thrice as many ships burnt or sunk.

a hundred or more (百以上) [名] a number equal to or greater than 100

take (占領する) [動] capture or occupy by military force

そして、おそらく百以上の都市が占領され、その三倍の船が焼かれたり沈められたりした。

He asked me what were the usual causes or motives that made one country go to war with another.

彼は、ある国が別の国と戦争を始める通常の原因や動機は何かと私に尋ねた。

I answered, they were innumerable;

私は、それらは数えきれないほどあると答えた。

but I should only mention a few of the chief.

しかし、私は主なものをいくつか挙げるだけにしよう。

Sometimes the ambition of princes, who never think they have land or people enough to govern;

時には、統治するのに十分な土地や人民を決して持たない君主の野心である。

sometimes the corruption of ministers, who engage their master in a war in order to stifle or divert the clamor of the subjects against their evil administration.

時には、臣下たちの悪政に対する不満を抑え込んだり、そらすために、主人を戦争に巻き込む大臣の腐敗である。

Difference in opinions has cost many millions of lives: for instance, whether flesh be bread, or bread be flesh;

difference (相違) [名] the state or fact of being different

millions (何百万) [名] a very large number

意見の相違は何百万もの命を奪ってきた。例えば、肉がパンなのか、パンが肉なのか。

whether the juice of a certain berry be blood or wine;

juice (汁) [名] the liquid that can be extracted from a fruit or vegetable

berry (ベリー) [名] a small round fruit that grows on a bush or a tree

ある種のベリーの汁が血なのかワインなのか。

whether whistling be a vice or virtue;

whistling (口笛を吹く) [動] make a whistling sound

口笛を吹くのが悪徳か美徳か。

whether it be better to kiss a post or throw it into the fire;

be better (良い) [動] be more desirable or preferable

柱にキスをするのが良いのか、火の中に投げ込むのが良いのか。

what is the best color for a coat, whether black, white, red, or gray, and whether it should be long or short, narrow or wide, dirty or clean, with many more.

black (黒) [名] the darkest color

dirty (汚れた) [形] not clean

コートに一番良い色は黒、白、赤、灰色のどれか、長いのと短いのとどちらが良いのか、狭いのと広いのとどちらが良いのか、汚れているのときれいなのとどちらが良いのか、その他いろいろ。

Neither are any wars so furious and bloody, or of so long continuance, as those occasioned by difference in opinion, especially if it be in things indifferent.

furious (激しい) [形] extremely angry

continuance (継続) [名] the state of continuing

indifferent (無関心) [形] having no particular interest or concern

特に無関心な事柄においては、意見の相違によって引き起こされる戦争ほど激しく血まみれで、長く続く戦争はない。

Sometimes the quarrel between two princes is to decide which of them shall dispossess a third of his dominions, where neither of them pretend to any right.

decide (決める) [動] reach, make, or come to a decision about something

dispossess (奪う) [動] take away from

時には二人の君主の争いは、どちらも権利を主張していない第三の君主の領土をどちらが奪うかを決めることである。

Sometimes one prince quarrels with another, for fear the other should quarrel with him.

quarrel (争う) [動] argue angrily

another (相手) [限] an additional person or thing

時には、一方の君主が相手が自分と争うのではないかと恐れて、相手と争うことがある。

Sometimes a war is entered upon, because the enemy is too strong, and sometimes because he is too weak.

enter upon (始まる) [動] begin or set about

時には敵が強すぎるために戦争が始まり、時には敵が弱すぎるために戦争が始まる。

Sometimes our neighbors want the things which we have, or have the things which we want, and we both fight, till they take ours, or give us theirs.

時には隣人が私たちの持っているものを欲しがったり、私たちが欲しがっているものを持っていたりするので、彼らが私たちのものを奪ったり、私たちに彼らのものを渡したりするまで、私たちは戦う。

It is a very justifiable cause of war to invade a country after the people have been wasted by famine, destroyed by pestilence, or embroiled by factions among themselves.

pestilence (疫病) [名] a fatal epidemic disease

faction (内紛) [名] a small group within a larger group

cause (理由) [名] a reason for an action or event

国民が飢饉で衰弱し、疫病で滅び、あるいは内紛で混乱した後に国を侵略することは、戦争の非常に正当な理由である。

It is justifiable to enter into war against our nearest ally, when one of his towns lies convenient for us, or a territory of land that would render our dominions round and complete.

enter into (始める) [動] begin or become involved in

ally (同盟国) [名] a state formally cooperating with another for a military or other purpose

最も近い同盟国の町の1つが私たちにとって都合の良い場所にある場合や、私たちの領土を丸く完全なものにする土地がある場合、その同盟国と戦争をすることは正当化される。

If a prince sends forces into a nation where the people are poor and ignorant, he may lawfully put half of them to death, and make slaves of the rest, in order to civilize and reduce them from their barbarous way of living.

force (軍隊) [名] the military forces of a nation or group of nations

lawfully (合法的に) [副] in a way that is allowed by the law

王子が国民が貧しく無知な国に軍隊を送り込む場合、彼らを文明化し、野蛮な生活から脱却させるために、合法的に彼らの半分を死刑にし、残りを奴隷にすることができる。

It is a very kingly, honorable, and frequent practice, when one prince desires the assistance of another to secure him against an invasion, that the assistant, when he has driven out the invader, should seize on the dominions himself, and kill, imprison, or banish the prince he came to relieve.

secure (守る) [動] make or keep safe

assistant (助けた王子) [名] a person who helps someone

ある王子が侵略から身を守るために別の王子の助けを望む場合、助けた王子は侵略者を追い出した後、その領土を自分で占領し、救済に来た王子を殺害、投獄、追放するというのは、非常に王道的で名誉なことであり、よくある慣習である。

Alliance by blood or marriage, is a frequent cause of war between princes;

alliance (同盟) [名] a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations

marriage (結婚) [名] the legally or formally recognized union of two people as partners in a personal relationship (historically and in some jurisdictions specifically a union between a man and a woman)

血縁や結婚による同盟は、王子たちの間で戦争が起こる原因としてよくある。

and the nearer the kindred is, the greater is their disposition to quarrel.

the nearer (近ければ近いほど) [形] the more close

kindred (血縁) [名] a person's relatives

the greater (強くなる) [形] the more big

そして、血縁が近ければ近いほど、喧嘩する傾向が強くなる。

Poor nations are hungry, and rich nations are proud, and pride and hunger will ever be at variance.

hungry (飢えた) [形] feeling a need or wish to eat

proud (誇り高く) [形] feeling deep pleasure or satisfaction as a result of one's own achievements, qualities, or possessions or those of someone with whom one is closely associated

at variance (相容れない) [形] not in harmony or agreement

貧しい国は飢え、豊かな国は誇り高く、誇りと飢えは常に相容れない。

For these reasons, the trade of a soldier is held the most honorable of all others;

for these reasons (これらの理由から) [副] because of this

hold (されている) [動] consider or regard as being

これらの理由から、兵士という職業は他のどの職業よりも名誉あるものとされている。

because a soldier is a _yahoo_ hired to kill in cold blood as many of his own species, who have never offended him, as possibly he can.

cold blood (冷酷) [名] a lack of feeling or emotion

possibly (できるだけ) [副] to the extent that is possible

なぜなら、兵士とは、自分を怒らせたこともない同種のものを、できるだけ冷酷に殺すために雇われたヤフーだからである。

There is likewise a kind of princes in Europe, not able to make war by themselves, who hire out their troops to richer nations, for so much a day to each man;

make war (戦争をする) [動] engage in a war

themselves (自分たち) [代] the reflexive form of the third-person plural pronoun

hire out (貸し出す) [動] rent out

richer (より豊かな) [形] having a great deal of money or valuable possessions

ヨーロッパには、自分たちだけでは戦争ができないため、より豊かな国に軍隊を貸し出す王侯貴族もいる。

of which they keep three-fourths to themselves, and it is the best part of their maintenance;

of which (そのうちの) [代] of the thing that

three-fourths (4分の3) [名] a fraction equal to three divided by four

maintenance (生活) [名] the process of maintaining something

そのうちの4分の3を自分たちの取り分とし、それが彼らの生活の大部分を占めている。

such are those in many northern parts of Europe.

ヨーロッパの北部地域の多くがそうである。

“What you have told me,” said my master, “upon the subject of war, does indeed discover most admirably the effects of that reason you pretend to: however, it is happy that the shame is greater than the danger;

「戦争についてあなたが話したことは、確かにあなたが主張する理性の効果を最も見事に明らかにしている。しかし、恥が危険よりも大きいのは幸いなことである。

and that nature has left you utterly incapable of doing much mischief.

leave (与える) [動] give or bequeath to someone

utterly (全く) [副] completely; absolutely

mischief (悪事) [名] an act of intentional damage or harm

そして、自然があなたに大きな悪事をなす能力を全く与えていないことも幸いである。

For your mouths lying flat with your faces, you can hardly bite each other to any purpose, unless by consent.

lie flat (平らになる) [動] be in a horizontal position

口が顔と同じ平面にあるため、合意がなければ、お互いに噛み合うことはほとんどできない。

Then as to the claws upon your feet before and behind, they are so short and tender, that one of our _yahoos_ would drive a dozen of yours before him.

前足と後ろ足の爪は短くて柔らかいので、我々のヤフーなら一匹であなたたちを十数匹追い立てることができる。

And therefore in recounting the numbers of those who have been killed in battle, I cannot but think you have said the thing which is not.”

and therefore (だから) [接] for that reason; consequently

in recounting (語るにあたり) [動] tell someone about something

those who have been killed (殺された者) [名] a person who has died because someone has deliberately caused their death

cannot but (しか思えない) [動] have no choice but to

thing (事実) [名] a fact or situation that is true or real

だから、戦いで殺された者の数を語るにあたり、あなたが事実ではないことを言ったとしか思えない。」

I could not forbear shaking my head and smiling a little at his ignorance.

shake one's head (首を振る) [動] move one's head from side to side

私は彼の無知に首を振り、少し笑わずにはいられなかった。

And being no stranger to the art of war, I gave him a description of cannons, culverins, muskets, carabines, pistols, bullets, powder, swords, bayonets, sieges, retreats, attacks, undermines, countermines, bombardments, sea fights;

art of war (戦争術) [名] the art of military strategy and tactics

cannon (大砲) [名] a large, heavy gun that is usually mounted on wheels

culverin (カルバリン砲) [名] a long, heavy gun used in the 16th and 17th centuries

musket (マスケット銃) [名] a gun with a long barrel that was used in the past

carabine (カービン銃) [名] a short, light rifle

bayonet (銃剣) [名] a long, sharp blade that is attached to the end of a gun

siege (包囲) [名] the surrounding of a place by an army in order to capture it

retreat (退却) [名] the act of moving back or away from something

undermine (坑道) [動] to weaken or destroy something gradually

countermine (対抗坑道) [名] a mine that is dug to intercept or destroy an enemy mine

bombardment (砲撃) [名] an attack with bombs or other explosive devices

私は戦争術に精通していたので、大砲、カルバリン砲、マスケット銃、カービン銃、ピストル、弾丸、火薬、剣、銃剣、包囲、退却、攻撃、坑道、対抗坑道、砲撃、海戦について説明した。

ships sunk with a thousand men, twenty thousand killed on each side;

千人の兵士を乗せた船が沈み、両軍で二万人が殺された。

dying groans, limbs flying in the air, smoke, noise, confusion, trampling to death under horses’ feet;

groan (呻き) [名] a deep, low sound of pain or suffering

smoke (煙) [名] a cloud of small particles in the air

死の呻き、空を飛ぶ手足、煙、騒音、混乱、馬の足の下で踏みつぶされて死ぬ。

flight, pursuit, victory; fields strewed with carcasses, left for food to dogs, and wolves, and birds of prey;

pursuit (追跡) [名] the act of following someone or something

strew (散らばる) [動] be or cause to be spread over an area

food (餌食) [名] any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

wolf (狼) [名] a wild carnivorous mammal that is the largest member of the dog family

bird of prey (猛禽類) [名] a bird that hunts and kills other animals for food

逃走、追跡、勝利、犬や狼や猛禽類の餌食になる死骸が散らばる野原。

plundering, stripping, ravishing, burning, and destroying.

strip (剥ぎ取る) [動] remove all the clothes from

ravish (強奪する) [動] seize and carry off by force

destroy (破壊) [動] cause so much damage to that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired

略奪、剥ぎ取り、強奪、焼き討ち、破壊。

And, to set forth the valor of my own dear countrymen, I assured him that I had seen them blow up a hundred enemies at once in a siege, and as many in a ship, and beheld the dead bodies drop down in pieces from the clouds, to the great diversion of the spectators.

set forth (示す) [動] to state or explain

siege (包囲戦) [名] a military blockade of a city with the intent of conquering it by force or by attrition

blow up (爆破する) [動] to destroy or cause to explode

drop down (落ちる) [動] to fall or cause to fall

そして、私の愛する同胞の勇気を示すために、私は彼らが包囲戦で一度に百人の敵を爆破し、船でも同じく百人の敵を爆破し、死体が雲からばらばらに落ちてくるのを見たことがあると彼に断言し、観客は大いに喜んだ。

I was going on to more particulars, when my master commanded me silence.

私がもっと詳細に話そうとすると、主人は私に沈黙を命じた。

He said, whoever understood the nature of _yahoos_ might easily believe it possible for so vile an animal to be capable of every action I had named, if their strength and cunning equaled their malice.

possible (可能である) [形] able to be done; within the power or capacity of someone or something

capable (できる) [形] having the ability to do something

彼は、誰でもヤフーの性質を理解している人なら、もし彼らの強さとずる賢さが彼らの悪意に等しいなら、私が挙げたすべての行動をすることができるほど卑劣な動物がいることを簡単に信じることができるだろうと言った。

But as my discourse had increased his abhorrence of the whole species, so he found it gave him a disturbance in his mind, to which he was wholly a stranger before.

abhorrence (嫌悪感) [名] a feeling of intense dislike

しかし、私の話が彼の種全体に対する嫌悪感を増大させたので、彼はそれが彼の心を乱すことに気づき、それは彼が以前には全く知らなかったことだった。

He thought his ears being used to such abominable words, might by degrees admit them with less detestation.

detestation (嫌悪感) [名] a feeling of intense dislike

彼は、自分の耳がそのような忌まわしい言葉に慣れれば、次第に嫌悪感を抱かずに受け入れられるようになるかもしれないと考えた。

That although he hated the _yahoos_ of this country, yet he no more blamed them for their odious qualities than he did a _gnnayh_ (a bird of prey) for its cruelty, or a sharp stone for cutting his hoof.

hate (憎む) [動] dislike intensely

blame (責め立てる) [動] assign responsibility for a fault or wrong

彼はこの国のヤフーを憎んではいたが、それでも彼はグナイ(猛禽)の残酷さや、ひづめを切る鋭い石を責め立てること以上に、彼らの憎しみに満ちた性質を責め立てることはなかった。

But when a creature pretending to reason could be capable of such enormities, he dreaded lest the corruption of that faculty might be worse than brutality itself.

pretend (装う) [動] to act as if something is true when in fact it is not

enormity (凶悪) [名] the great or extreme seriousness of something

brutality (残忍さ) [名] savage physical or mental violence

しかし、理性を装った生き物がそのような凶悪な行為をすることができるとしたら、彼はその能力の腐敗が残忍さそのものよりもひどいのではないかと恐れた。

He seemed therefore confident, that instead of reason, we were only possessed of some quality fitted to increase our natural vices;

confident (確信している) [形] having or showing confidence; assured

だから彼は、理性の代わりに、私たちはただ生まれつきの悪徳を増やすのに適した性質を備えているだけだと確信しているようだった。

as the reflection from a troubled stream returns the image of an ill-shapen body, not only larger, but more distorted.

troubled stream (荒れた流れ) [名] a stream that is not calm

ill-shapen (醜い) [形] not having a good shape

distorted (歪んだ) [形] altered from the original shape

ちょうど、荒れた流れに映った姿が、醜い身体を大きくするだけでなく、より歪んだ姿で映し出すように。

He added that he had heard too much upon the subject of war, both in this and some former discourses.

彼は、この話でも以前の話でも、戦争の話題をあまりに多く聞きすぎたとも付け加えた。

There was another point which a little perplexed him at present.

perplex (当惑させる) [動] cause to be puzzled or confused

現在彼を少し当惑させている点がもう一つあった。

I had informed him that some of our crew left their country on account of being ruined by law;

inform (話す) [動] tell somebody about something

私が、乗組員の中には法律によって破産したために国を捨てた者もいると話すと、

that I had already explained the meaning of the word;

私はすでにその言葉の意味を説明した。

but he was at a loss how it should come to pass, that the law, which was intended for every man’s preservation, should be any man’s ruin.

彼は、すべての人の保護を目的とした法律が、どうして誰かの破滅につながるのか理解に苦しんだ。

Therefore he desired to be farther satisfied what I meant by law, and what sort of dispensers they could be by whose practices the property of any person could be lost instead of preserved.

dispenser (執行者) [名] a person who dispenses something

そのため、彼は私が法律とは何を意味しているのか、また、誰かの財産を守るどころか失わせるようなことをする法律の執行者とはどんな人なのか、もっとよく知りたいと思った。

He added that he saw no occasion for this thing called law, as all its intents and purposes might be answered by following the dictates of nature and reason, which were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid.

see no occasion (必要性を感じない) [動] not see a reason or need for

dictate (命令) [名] an authoritative command or order

彼は、法律と呼ばれるものの必要性を感じないと付け加えた。法律のすべての意図と目的は、自然と理性の命令に従うことで答えられるし、それは私たちがそうであるように、理性的な動物にとって、何をすべきか、何を避けるべきかを示すのに十分な指針である。

I assured his honor that law was a science in which I was little conversant, having only such knowledge of it as I had obtained by employing advocates, in vain, upon some injustices that had been done me, and by conversing with others who by the same method had first lost their substance and then left their country under the mortification of such disappointments.

injustice (不正) [名] lack of fairness or justice

私は、法律は私があまり精通していない学問であり、私に行われたいくつかの不正に対して弁護士を雇って無駄に過ごし、同じ方法で最初に財産を失い、その後そのような失望の悔しさのもとで国を去った他の人々と会話することで得た知識しか持っていないことを彼に保証した。

However, I would give him all the satisfaction I was able.

しかし、私はできる限り彼に満足してもらえるようにした。

I said that those who professed this science were exceedingly numerous, being almost equal to the caterpillars in number;

exceedingly (非常に) [副] to a very great degree

caterpillar (毛虫) [名] the larva of a butterfly or moth

私は、この学問を公言する人は非常に多く、数では毛虫に匹敵するほどだと言った。

they were of diverse degrees, distinctions, and denominations.

denomination (宗派) [名] a religious group or sect

彼らは様々な階級、区別、宗派に属していた。

Their number was such that the fair and justifiable advantage and income of the profession was not sufficient for the decent and handsome maintenance of multitudes who followed it.

justifiable (正当な) [形] able to be shown to be right or reasonable; defensible

income (収入) [名] money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments

decent (きちんとした) [形] conforming with generally accepted standards of morality or respectability

maintenance (維持) [名] the action of maintaining something in good condition

その数は、その職業の公正で正当な利益と収入が、それに従事する多数の人々をきちんと立派に維持するには十分ではなかったほどだった。

The result was that it was found needful to supply that by artifice and cunning which could not be procured by just and honest methods;

needful (必要) [形] required or necessary

artifice (策略) [名] a clever trick or stratagem

just (公正) [形] fair or impartial

honest (正直) [形] truthful and sincere

その結果、公正で正直な方法では得られないものを、策略や狡猾さで補うことが必要だとわかった。

the better to bring which about, there was among us a society of men bred from their youth in the art of proving, by words multiplied for the purpose, that white is black, and black is white, according as they are paid.

bring about (実現する) [動] cause to happen

society (集団) [名] a group of people who live together in an organized way

breed (身につける) [動] to bring up; to raise

pay (支払う) [動] to give money in exchange for goods or services

それをよりうまく実現するために、私たちの間には、報酬に応じて、白が黒であり、黒が白であることを、その目的のために増やされた言葉で証明する技術を若い頃から身につけた人々の集団があった。

The greatness of the assurance of these men, and the boldness of their pretensions, gained the adherence of the mass of the people, of whom in a manner they made slaves, and got into their hands much the largest share of the practice of their profession.

adherence (支持) [名] the action of sticking to or following something

profession (職業) [名] a paid occupation, especially one that involves prolonged training and a formal qualification

これらの人々の保証の偉大さと、彼らのふりの大胆さは、彼らが奴隷にした人々の大衆の支持を得て、彼らの職業の実施の大部分を彼らの手に収めた。

These practitioners were by men of discernment called pettifoggers (that is, confounders, or rather, destroyers of right), and it was my ill luck as well as the misfortune of my acquaintances, to have been at the mercy of this species of the profession.

practitioner (実践者) [名] a person who practices a profession

discernment (洞察力) [名] the ability to judge well

pettifogger (ペティフォガー) [名] a lawyer who deals with petty cases

that is (つまり) [接] in other words

confounders (混乱させる人) [名] a person who causes confusion

destroyer (破壊者) [名] a person or thing that destroys

これらの実践者は、洞察力のある人々からペティフォガー(つまり、混乱させる人、あるいはむしろ権利の破壊者)と呼ばれ、この種の職業のなすがままになってしまったのは、私の不運であると同時に、私の知人の不幸でもあった。

I desired his honor to understand the description I had to give, and the ruin I had complained of, related to these sectaries only, and the means by which the misfortunes we met had been brought upon us by these men might be more easily conceived by explaining to him their method of proceeding, which could not better be done than by giving him an example.

私は、私が述べなければならない説明と、私が不満を述べた破滅は、これらの宗派だけに関係していることを理解して欲しいと彼に望み、私たちが遭遇した不幸がこれらの人々によってもたらされた手段は、彼に例を挙げるよりも、彼に彼らの進め方を説明することによって、より簡単に理解できるかもしれない。

I will suppose that my neighbor has a mind to my cow;

have a mind to (欲しがる) [動] to be inclined to do something

私の隣人が私の牛を欲しがっているとしよう。

he hires one of these advocates to prove that he ought to have my cow from me.

彼は私から牛を奪うべきだと証明するために、これらの弁護士の一人を使う。

I must then hire another to defend my right, it being against all rules of law that any man shall be allowed to speak for himself.

speak (発言する) [動] make a statement or express an opinion

law (法) [名] the system of rules that a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and may enforce by the imposition of penalties

すると私は自分の権利を守るために別の弁護士を雇わなければならない。誰もが自分のために発言することを許されるのは、あらゆる法の規則に反するからだ。

Now, in this case, I who am the right owner, lie under two great disadvantages.

in this case (この場合) [副] in the situation that is being discussed

right owner (正当な所有者) [名] the person who has the legal right to own something

さて、この場合、正当な所有者である私は、二つの大きな不利な立場に置かれる。

First, my advocate, being practiced almost from the cradle in defending falsehood, is quite out of his element when he would argue for right, which, being unnatural to him, he attempts with great awkwardness, if not with ill will.

first (第一に) [副] before all others; first in time, order, or importance

defend (弁護する) [動] speak or write in defense of

right (正しいこと) [名] that which is morally or ethically correct

element (要素) [名] a part or aspect of something abstract

awkwardness (ぎこちなさ) [名] the quality of being awkward or clumsy

第一に、私の弁護士は、ほとんど揺りかごから偽りを弁護する訓練を受けているので、正しいことを主張しようとすると、彼の要素から外れてしまい、彼にとって不自然なことなので、悪意はないにしても、非常にぎこちなく試みる。

The second disadvantage is that my advocate must proceed with great caution, for since the maintenance of so many depends on the practice of law not being lessened by too summary proceedings, even should he fail to incur the displeasure of the judges he is sure to gain the ill will and hatred of his brethren.

summary (簡潔な) [形] brief

brethren (同胞) [名] fellow members of a group

第二の不利な点は、私の弁護士は非常に慎重に進めなければならないということだ。なぜなら、あまりにも多くの人の維持が、あまりにも簡潔な手続きによって減らされることのない法律の実施に依存しているため、たとえ裁判官の不興を買うことに失敗したとしても、彼は必ず同胞の悪意と憎しみを買うことになるからだ。

This being the case, I have but two methods to preserve my cow.

this being the case (このような状況なので) [句] this being the situation

have but (しかない) [動] have only

このような状況なので、牛を守る方法は二つしかない。

The first is to gain over my adversary’s advocate with a double fee, his education being such that it is reasonable to expect he can be induced to betray his client and let the balance fall on my side.

gain over (味方につける) [動] win the support or favor of

adversary (敵) [名] an enemy or opponent

fee (報酬) [名] a payment made to a professional person or to a professional or public body in exchange for advice or services

reasonable (合理的) [形] based on or acting on good judgment or reason

client (依頼人) [名] a person using the services of a lawyer or other professional person or company

fall on (傾く) [動] move or cause to move into a lower position

一つ目は、敵の弁護士を二倍の報酬で味方につけることで、彼の教育は、彼が依頼人を裏切って、バランスを私の側に傾かせるように仕向けることができると期待するのが合理的である。

The second way is for my advocate to refrain from insisting on the justice of my cause, by allowing the cow to belong to my adversary;

refrain (控える) [動] stop oneself from doing something

cause (大義) [名] a principle, aim, or movement to which one is committed and which one is prepared to defend or advocate

二つ目は、私の弁護士が、牛を敵に属させることで、私の正義を主張するのを控えることである。

and this, if it be skillfully done, will go a long way toward obtaining a favorable verdict, it having been found by careful observation of issues and events, that under the management of such practitioners, the wrong side has the fairer chance of success, more especially if it should happen, as it did in my own and my friend’s case, that the person appointed to decide all controversies concerning property as well as to try criminals, who should be chosen from among the most learned and wise of his profession, is by the recommendation of a great favorite or court mistress taken from the sect before mentioned, and so having been strongly biased all his life against equity and fair dealing, lies, as it were, under a fatal necessity of favoring, double dealing and oppression, and besides, through age, infirmity, and distemper having become lazy and inattentive, he is almost incapacitated from doing anything becoming the duty of his office.

go a long way (大いに役立つ) [動] be very helpful

careful observation (注意深く観察) [名] the act of watching something closely

wrong side (間違った側) [名] the side that is not correct

fairer chance (より高い可能性) [名] a better opportunity

my own (私) [名] myself

try (裁く) [動] to examine or hear a case in a court of law

fair dealing (公正な取引) [名] the act of treating someone or something fairly

fatal necessity (致命的な必要性) [名] a situation in which something is absolutely essential but will also cause death or disaster

double dealing (二重取引) [名] the act of deceiving someone by making them think that you are doing one thing when you are really doing something else

distemper (病気) [名] a mild infectious disease of dogs

lazy (怠惰) [形] unwilling to work or use energy

inattentive (無関心) [形] not paying attention

そして、これが巧みに行われれば、有利な評決を得るために大いに役立つだろう。問題や出来事を注意深く観察することで、そのような実践者の管理下では、間違った側が成功する可能性がより高くなることがわかった。特に、私や友人の場合のように、財産に関するすべての論争を決定し、犯罪者を裁くために任命された人物が、その職業の中で最も学識があり賢明な人物の中から選ばれるべきであるにもかかわらず、前述の宗派から取られた大のお気に入りまたは宮廷の愛人の推薦によって、公平性と公正な取引に対して生涯にわたって強く偏見を抱いてきたために、いわば、好意、二重取引、抑圧という致命的な必要性に迫られている上に、年齢、虚弱、病気のために怠惰で無関心になり、職務を遂行することがほとんどできなくなってしまっている。

The decisions of men so bred and qualified may with reason be expected to be on the wrong side of the cause, for it is little wonder that those who can take harangue and noise (if pursued with warmth and drawn out to great length) for reasoning, will infer the weight of the argument from the heaviness of the pleading.

breed (育てる) [動] to bring up

harangue (熱弁) [名] a lengthy and aggressive speech

infer (推測する) [動] to deduce or conclude from evidence and reasoning rather than from direct statements

このように育てられ、資格を与えられた人々の決定は、理にかなった理由で、原因の間違った側にあると期待されるかもしれない。なぜなら、(熱意を持って追求し、長々と引き延ばせば)論理的に熱弁や騒ぎを起こすことができる人々が、弁論の重さから議論の重さを推測するのは、ほとんど不思議ではないからである。

It is a maxim among these men that whatever has been done before may legally be done again, and therefore they take special care to record all the decisions formerly made, even those which have through ignorance or corruption contradicted the rules of common justice.

legally (合法的に) [副] in a lawful manner

これらの人々の間での格言は、以前に行われたことは何でも合法的に再び行うことができるというものであり、そのため、彼らは以前に行われたすべての決定を記録することに特別な注意を払っている。

These, under the name of precedents, they produce as authorities, and thereby endeavor to justify the most iniquitous opinions;

precedent (先例) [名] an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances

これらを先例という名のもとに権威として提示し、それによって最も不法な意見を正当化しようと努力する。

and they are so lucky in this practice that they rarely fail to secure decrees according to their expectation.

decree (法令) [名] an official order issued by a legal authority

そして、彼らはこの慣行において非常に幸運なので、彼らが期待通りに法令を確保するのに失敗することはめったにない。

In pleading, they studiously avoid entering into the merits of the cause;

studiously (熱心に) [副] in a way that shows great effort or care

弁論において、彼らは熱心に原因のメリットに入ることを避ける。

but are loud, violent, and tedious in dwelling upon all circumstances which are not to the purpose.

しかし、目的に沿わないあらゆる状況に住むことは、騒々しく、暴力的で、退屈である。

For instance, in the case already mentioned, they never desire to know what claim or title my adversary has to my cow;

claim (権利) [名] a statement that something is true

例えば、すでに述べたように、彼らは私の敵が私の牛に対してどんな権利や権限を持っているのかを知りたいとは思わない。

but whether the said cow were red or black;

しかし、その牛が赤か黒か。

her horns long or short; whether the field I grazed her in be round or square;

horn (角) [名] a hard pointed projection on the head of an animal

角が長いか短いか、私が彼女を放牧した畑が丸いか四角いか。

whether she was milked at home or abroad;

彼女が家で搾乳されたのか、外で搾乳されたのか。

what diseases she is subject to, and the like;

what (どんな) [形] which thing or things

be subject to (かかりやすい) [動] be likely to suffer from or be affected by

彼女がどんな病気にかかりやすいか、など。

after which they consult precedents, adjourn the cause from time to time, and in ten, twenty, or thirty years come to an issue.

adjourn (延期する) [動] break off a meeting or other gathering until a later date

その後、彼らは判例を調べ、時々訴訟を延期し、10年、20年、または30年後に問題になる。

It is likewise to be observed, that this society has a peculiar cant and jargon of their own, that no other mortal can understand, and wherein all their laws are written, which they take special care to multiply;

society (社会) [名] the community of people living in a particular country or region and having shared customs, laws, and organizations

cant (隠語) [名] the secret language of thieves and beggars

jargon (専門用語) [名] special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand

同様に、この社会には独特の隠語や専門用語があり、他の人間には理解できないし、彼らの法律はすべてそこに書かれていて、彼らはそれを増やすことに特別な注意を払っている。

whereby they have gone near to confound the very essence of truth and falsehood, of right and wrong;

go near (近づく) [動] move or travel toward

essence (本質) [名] the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something

wrong (間違っていること) [名] an unjust, dishonest, or immoral action

それによって、彼らは真実と虚偽、正しいことと間違っていることの本質を混乱させようとしている。

so that it may take thirty years to decide whether the field, left me by my ancestors for six generations, belongs to me or to a stranger three hundred miles off.

take (かかる) [動] require

six generations (六代) [名] a period of 6 generations

three hundred miles (三百マイル) [名] a distance of 300 miles

そのため、六代にわたって先祖から受け継いだ畑が私のものなのか、三百マイル離れた見知らぬ人のものなのかを決めるのに三十年かかるかもしれない。

In the trial of persons accused for crimes against the state, the method is much more short and commendable: for if those in power, who know well how to select instruments fit to carry out their purpose, are careful to recommend a proper person, his course of education and method of practice make it easy for him, when his patron’s disposition is understood, without difficulty either to condemn or acquit the criminal and at the same time strictly preserve all due forms of law.

commendable (賞賛に値する) [形] worthy of praise

select (選ぶ) [動] choose from a number of possibilities

carry out (遂行する) [動] put into effect; accomplish

course (課程) [名] a series of lessons or lectures in a particular subject

difficulty (難なく) [名] a problem or issue that is hard to deal with

acquit (無罪にする) [動] officially find or declare (someone) not guilty of a crime

国家に対する犯罪で告発された人の裁判では、その方法ははるかに短く、賞賛に値する。なぜなら、権力者たちが、自分たちの目的を遂行するのに適した道具の選び方をよく知っているなら、適切な人物を推薦するように注意を払い、彼の教育課程と実践方法は、彼の保護者の性質を理解した上で、犯罪者を有罪にするか無罪にするかを難なく決めることができ、同時に法律のすべての適切な形式を厳密に守ることができるからである。

Here my master interposing said it was a pity that creatures endowed with such prodigious abilities of mind as these advocates by the description of them must certainly be, were not rather encouraged to be instructors of others in wisdom and knowledge.

endow (恵まれる) [動] provide with a talent, quality, or skill

advocate (擁護者) [名] a person who publicly supports or recommends a particular cause or policy

be encouraged (奨励される) [動] give support, courage, or hope to

ここで私の主人が口を挟んで、これらの擁護者たちの説明からすると、確かにそうであるに違いないほどの驚異的な精神的能力に恵まれた生き物が、むしろ知恵と知識において他人の指導者となるよう奨励されていないのは残念なことだと言った。

In answer to which I assured his honor that the business and study of their own profession so took up all their thoughts and time, that they attended to nothing else, and therefore in all points out of their own trade many of them were so ignorant and stupid that it would be difficult to pick out of any profession a generation of men more despicable in common conversation or so much looked upon as avowed enemies of all knowledge and learning, and equally disposed to pervert the general reasons of mankind in every other subject of discourse, as in that of their own calling.

assure (確信させる) [動] to make someone feel certain about something

attend (注意を払う) [動] to be present at

pervert (歪曲する) [動] to cause to turn aside from the proper or true course

discourse (話題) [名] written or spoken communication or debate

その答えとして、私は彼に、彼ら自身の職業の業務と研究が彼らのすべての思考と時間を占めているので、彼らは他のことに注意を払わず、したがって彼ら自身の貿易以外のすべての点で、彼らの多くは非常に無知で愚かであり、どんな職業からでも、一般的な会話においてこれほど卑劣な人々の世代を選び出すのは難しいだろうし、すべての知識と学習の公然の敵と見なされ、他のすべての話題においても、彼ら自身の職業においても、人類の一般的な理由を歪曲する傾向にあると確信させた。

CHAPTER VI

第六章

A CONTINUATION OF THE STATE OF ENGLAND UNDER QUEEN ANNE—THE CHARACTER OF A FIRST MINISTER OF STATE IN SOME EUROPEAN COURTS.

A CONTINUATION OF (の続き) [名] the act of continuing something

ANNE (アン) [名] the name of a person

THE CHARACTER OF (の性格) [名] the mental and moral qualities distinctive to an individual

A FIRST MINISTER OF STATE (首席大臣) [名] the head of a government

COURTS (宮廷) [名] the residence of a sovereign or other high-ranking person

アン女王治世下のイングランドの状況の続きーヨーロッパのいくつかの宮廷における首席大臣の性格

My master was yet wholly at a loss to understand what motives could incite this race of lawyers to perplex, disquiet, and weary themselves, and engage in a confederacy of injustice, merely for the sake of injuring their fellow animals;

incite (仕向ける) [動] encourage or stir up

disquiet (不安にさせる) [動] make anxious or uneasy

weary (疲れさせる) [動] make or become tired

engage in (加担する) [動] take part in

confederacy (連合) [名] an alliance of people or groups

fellow (仲間の) [形] sharing a particular activity, quality, or condition

私の主人は、この弁護士の種族が、単に仲間の動物を傷つけるために、自分たちを困惑させ、不安にさせ、疲れさせ、不正の連合に加担するように仕向けることができる動機を理解するのに、まだ全く困惑していた。

neither could he comprehend what I meant in saying they did it for hire.

hire (報酬) [名] the money paid for the temporary use of something

彼らが報酬のためにそれをしたと言う私の意味も理解できなかった。

Whereupon I was at much pains to describe to him the use of money, the materials it was made of, and the value of the metals;

be at pains (苦労する) [動] take great care or effort to do something

value (価値) [名] the regard that something is held to deserve; the importance, worth, or usefulness of something

そこで私は、彼に金銭の用途、それが作られている材料、金属の価値を説明するのに苦労した。

that when a _yahoo_ had got a great store of this precious substance, he was able to purchase whatever he had a mind to, the finest clothing, the noblest houses, great tracts of land, the most costly meats and drinks, and have his choice of the most beautiful females.

great store (大量に) [名] a large amount

clothing (衣服) [名] the things that people wear

noblest (最高の) [形] of the highest quality

great tract (広大な土地) [名] a large area of land

costly (高価な) [形] of high price or value

ヤフーがこの貴重な物質を大量に手に入れると、彼は思い通りのもの、最高の衣服、最高の家、広大な土地、最も高価な肉や飲み物を購入することができ、最も美しい女性を選ぶことができる。

Therefore since money alone was able to perform all these feats, our _yahoos_ thought they could never have enough of it to spend or save, as they found themselves inclined from their natural bent either to profusion or avarice.

feat (偉業) [名] an achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength

save (貯める) [動] keep and store up (money) for future use

bent (傾向) [名] a strong tendency or inclination

profusion (浪費) [名] a lavish expenditure or supply

したがって、金銭だけがこれらすべての偉業を成し遂げることができたので、私たちのヤフーは、浪費または貪欲のどちらかへの自然な傾向から自分たちが傾いていることに気づいたので、彼らはそれを費やしたり貯めたりするのに十分な量を持つことはできないと考えた。

That the rich man enjoyed the fruit of the poor man’s labor, and the latter were a thousand to one in proportion to the former.

fruit (成果) [名] the product of a plant or tree

金持ちは貧乏人の労働の成果を享受し、後者は前者に比べて千分の一だった。

That the bulk of our people were forced to live miserably, by laboring every day for small wages to make a few live plentifully.

miserably (惨めに) [副] in a very unhappy way

plentifully (豊かに) [副] in a large amount

私たちの国民の大部分は、少数の人々が豊かに暮らすために、毎日わずかな賃金で労働することで、惨めな生活を強いられている。

I enlarged myself much on these and many other particulars to the same purpose.

私はこれらのことや、同じ目的のための他の多くの事柄について、自分自身を大いに拡大した。

But his honor was still to seek;

しかし、彼の名誉は依然として求められていた。

for he went upon a supposition that all animals had a title to their share in the productions of the earth, and especially those who presided over the rest.

go upon (に基づく) [動] be based on

have a title to (権利を持つ) [動] have a legal right to

production (産物) [名] something that is produced

preside over (支配する) [動] be in charge of

彼は、すべての動物が地球の産物の中で自分たちの分け前を受け取る権利を持ち、特に残りの動物を支配する動物はそうであるという仮定に基づいていた。

Therefore he desired I would let him know what these costly meats were, and how any of us happened to want them.

だから彼は、私がこれらの高価な肉が何であるか、そして私たちの誰かがそれらを欲しがるようになった経緯を教えてほしいと望んだ。

Whereupon I enumerated as many sorts as came into my head, with the various methods of dressing them, which could not be done without sending vessels by sea to every part of the world, as well for liquors to drink as for sauces, and innumerable other conveniencies.

enumerate (列挙する) [動] specify one by one

sauce (ソース) [名] a liquid or semi-liquid substance served with food to add moistness and flavor

convenience (便利なもの) [名] something that makes life easier

そこで私は、頭に浮かんだ限りの種類を、それらの様々な調理法とともに列挙したが、それは、飲み物やソース、その他無数の便利なもののために、世界のあらゆる場所に船を送らなければできないことだった。

I assured him that this whole globe of earth must be at least three times gone round, before one of our better female _yahoos_ could get her breakfast, or a cup to put it in.

go round (回る) [動] to move in a circular motion

私は、私たちの優れた女性ヤフーの一人が朝食やそれを入れるカップを手に入れるまでに、この地球全体を少なくとも三回回らなければならないと彼に保証した。

He said that must needs be a miserable country which cannot furnish food for its own inhabitants.

must needs (必然的に) [副] necessarily

彼は、自国の住民に食料を提供できない国は必然的に惨めな国であるに違いないと言った。

But what he chiefly wondered at was how such vast tracts of ground as I described should be wholly without fresh water, and the people put to the necessity of sending over the sea for drink.

put to (迫られる) [動] cause to undergo

しかし、彼が主に不思議に思ったのは、私が説明したように、そのような広大な土地に新鮮な水が全くなく、人々が飲み物のために海を越えて送る必要に迫られていることだった。

I replied that England (the dear place of my nativity) was computed to produce three times the quantity of food more than its inhabitants are able to consume, as well as liquors extracted from grain, or pressed out of the fruit of certain trees, which made excellent drink;

dear (愛すべき) [形] regarded with deep affection

nativity (生まれた) [名] the place where someone was born

produce (生産する) [動] make or manufacture from components or raw materials

press (搾り取る) [動] squeeze or apply pressure to

私は、イギリス(私の生まれた愛すべき場所)は、住民が消費できる量の3倍の食料を生産していると計算されているだけでなく、穀物から抽出したり、特定の木の果実から搾り取った酒は、素晴らしい飲み物になると答えた。

and the same proportion in every other convenience of life.

そして、生活の他のあらゆる便利さにおいても同じ割合である。

But, in order to feed the luxury and intemperance of the males, and the vanity of the females, we sent away the greatest part of our necessary things to other countries, whence in return we brought the materials of diseases, folly, and vice, to spend among ourselves.

send away (送り出す) [動] cause to go away

spend (消費する) [動] pay out or use up (money)

しかし、男性の贅沢と不節制、女性の虚栄心を養うために、私たちは必要なものの大部分を他の国に送り、その見返りとして病気、愚行、悪徳の材料を持ち帰り、自分たちの間で消費している。

Hence it follows of necessity, that vast numbers of our people are compelled to seek their livelihood by begging, robbing, stealing, cheating, flattering, suborning, forswearing, forging, gaming, lying, fawning, hectoring, voting, scribbling, star-gazing, poisoning, canting, libeling, free-thinking, and the like occupations;

hence (そのため) [副] for this reason; therefore

it follows (必然的に) [動] be a logical consequence

compelled (ざるを得ない) [動] force or oblige (someone) to do something

robbing (強盗) [名] the action of taking property unlawfully from a person or place by force or threat of force

stealing (窃盗) [名] the action of taking something from someone without their permission

cheating (詐欺) [名] the action of gaining an advantage in a dishonest or unfair way

flattering (お世辞) [名] a remark that praises someone or something too much or insincerely

suborning (買収) [名] the action of persuading someone to do something illegal or dishonest

forswearing (偽証) [名] the action of making a false statement under oath

forging (偽造) [名] the action of making or producing something in a dishonest way

lying (嘘) [名] the action of telling a lie

fawning (媚び) [名] the action of behaving in an excessively flattering or servile way

hectoring (脅迫) [名] the action of intimidating or bullying someone

voting (投票) [名] the action of choosing or deciding something by voting

scribbling (落書き) [名] the action of writing or drawing something carelessly or hurriedly

star-gazing (星占い) [名] the action of observing the stars

canting (偽善) [名] the action of talking in a hypocritical or affected way

libeling (名誉毀損) [名] the action of damaging someone's reputation by making false and damaging statements about them

free-thinking (自由思想) [名] the action of thinking independently and not accepting traditional beliefs

occupation (職業) [名] a person's regular paid work

そのため、必然的に、膨大な数の国民が、物乞い、強盗、窃盗、詐欺、お世辞、買収、偽証、偽造、賭博、嘘、媚び、脅迫、投票、落書き、星占い、毒殺、偽善、名誉毀損、自由思想、その他同様の職業によって生計を立てざるを得なくなっている。

every one of which terms I was at much pains to make him understand.

every one of (どれも) [名] each one of

at much pains (とても苦労した) [名] with great effort

これらの言葉の意味を理解させるのに私はとても苦労した。

That wine was not imported among us from foreign countries to supply the want of water or other drinks, but because it was a sort of liquid which made us merry by putting us out of our senses;

import (輸入する) [動] bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale

liquid (液体) [名] being or having the properties of a substance that flows

merry (陽気な) [形] cheerful and lively

ワインは、水や他の飲み物の不足を補うために外国から輸入されたのではなく、私たちの感覚を麻痺させて陽気にさせる液体だからだ。

diverted all melancholy thoughts, begat wild extravagant imaginations in the brain, raised our hopes and banished our fears, suspended every office of reason for a time and deprived us of the use of our limbs till we fell into a profound sleep;

beget (生み出す) [動] cause to exist or come about

raise (抱かせる) [動] cause to be in a specified state

suspend (停止させる) [動] temporarily prevent from continuing or being in force or effect

use (自由) [名] the ability or right to use something

憂鬱な考えをすべてそらし、脳内に荒々しく突飛な想像力を生み出し、希望を抱かせ、恐怖を払いのけ、理性の働きを一時的に停止させ、深い眠りに落ちるまで手足の自由を奪う。

although it must be confessed that we always awaked sick and dispirited, and that the use of this liquor filled us with diseases which made our lives uncomfortable and short.

dispirited (元気がない) [形] lacking in spirit or enthusiasm

uncomfortable (不快) [形] causing discomfort

もっとも、目が覚めるといつも気分が悪く、元気がなく、この酒を飲むと病気になって、人生が不快で短くなってしまうことは認めざるを得ない。

But beside all this, the bulk of our people supported themselves by furnishing the necessities or conveniencies of life to the rich and to each other.

necessity (必需品) [名] something that is required or indispensable

rich (富裕層) [名] a person who has a great deal of money or property

しかし、これ以外にも、国民の大部分は、富裕層や互いに生活必需品や便利品を供給することで生計を立てていた。

For instance, when I am at home, and dressed as I ought to be, I carry on my body the workmanship of a hundred tradesmen;

ought to be (するべきである) [助] should

carry on (宿る) [動] continue

workmanship (技) [名] the quality of work produced by a person or group

tradesman (職人) [名] a skilled manual worker who makes or repairs things

例えば、私が家にいる時、身なりを整えると、私の体には百人もの職人の技が宿る。

the building and furniture of my house employ as many more, and five times the number to adorn my wife.

employ (関わる) [動] have or keep in one's service

私の家の建物や家具にはそれ以上の職人が関わっており、妻を飾るのにはその5倍の職人が関わっている。

I was going on to tell him of another sort of people, who get their livelihood by attending the sick, having upon some occasions informed his honor that many of my crew had died of diseases.

sick (病人) [名] a person who is unwell

inform (伝える) [動] communicate knowledge of

私は、病人の世話をすることで生計を立てている別の種類の人々について話そうとしていたが、何度か私の乗組員の多くが病気で亡くなったことを彼に伝えていた。

But it was with the utmost difficulty that I brought him to apprehend what I meant.

with the utmost difficulty (非常に困難だった) [副] with the greatest difficulty

しかし、私が言っていることを理解させるのは非常に困難だった。

He could easily conceive that a Houyhnhnm grew weak and heavy a few days before his death, or by some accident might hurt a limb;

by some accident (何かの事故で) [名] an unfortunate event that happens unexpectedly and usually results in harm or damage

彼は、フウイヌムが死ぬ数日前に弱って重くなったり、何かの事故で手足を痛めたりすることがあるのは容易に理解できた。

but that Nature, who works all things to perfection, should suffer any pains to breed in our bodies he thought it impossible, and desired to know the reason of so unaccountable an evil.

work (造り出す) [動] make or produce something

しかし、万物を完璧に造り出す自然が、私たちの体に痛みを生じさせるのは不可能だと考え、そのような不可解な悪の理由を知りたいと思った。

I told him that we fed on a thousand things which operated contrary to each other;

私は、私たちが互いに相反する作用をする何千ものものを食べていることを彼に話した。

that we ate when we were not hungry, and drank without the provocation of thirst;

thirst (喉の渇き) [名] a need or desire to drink

私たちは空腹でないときに食べ、喉の渇きを感じなくても飲む。

that we sat whole nights drinking strong liquors, without eating a bit, which disposed us to sloth, inflamed our bodies, and precipitated or prevented digestion.

whole night (夜通し) [名] all night

strong liquor (強い酒) [名] an alcoholic beverage

bit (少し) [名] a small piece, part, or amount

dispose (~しがちである) [動] make someone or something likely to behave in a particular way

inflame (熱くなる) [動] become very hot or very red

precipitate (早める) [動] cause to happen sooner than normal

私たちは夜通し座って、少しも食べずに強い酒を飲み、怠惰になり、身体が熱くなり、消化を早めたり妨げたりしている。

That it would be endless to give him a catalogue of all diseases incident to human bodies, for they would not be fewer than five or six hundred, spread over every limb and joint—in short, every part, external and intestine, having diseases appropriated to them.

human body (人間の身体) [名] the physical structure, including the bones, flesh and organs, of a human being

incident (起こる) [形] likely to happen or likely to have happened

five or six hundred (五、六百) [名] the number 500 or 600

external (外部) [形] of or relating to the outside of something

appropriate (適した) [形] suitable or proper in the circumstances

人間の身体に起こるすべての病気の一覧を彼に渡すのは終わりがないだろう、なぜならそれらは五、六百を下回ることはなく、あらゆる手足や関節に広がっているからだ、つまり、外部と腸のあらゆる部分がそれらに適した病気を持っているからだ。

To remedy which, there was a sort of people bred up among us in the profession, or pretense, of curing the sick.

remedy (治療する) [動] to put right or correct

それを治療するために、病人を治すという職業、あるいは口実で、私たちの間に育った一種の人々がいた。

And because I had some skill in the faculty, I would, in gratitude to his honor, let him know the whole mystery and method by which they proceed.

faculty (学部) [名] a group of people who teach in a particular subject area at a college or university

そして、私はその学部に多少の技能があったので、彼の栄誉に感謝して、彼らが進む全神秘と方法を彼に知らせようと思った。

Their fundamental is, that all diseases arise from repletion;

fundamental (基本) [名] a basic principle

repletion (過食) [名] the state of being too full

彼らの基本は、すべての病気は過食から生じるということだ。

whence they conclude, that a great evacuation of the body is necessary, either through the natural passage, or upwards at the mouth.

evacuation (排泄) [名] the action of evacuating

そこから彼らは、自然の通路を通って、あるいは口から上に向かって、身体の大きな排泄が必要であると結論づける。

Their next business is, from herbs, minerals, gums, oils, shells, salts, juices, seaweed, barks of trees, serpents, toads, frogs, spiders, dead men’s flesh and bones, beasts, and fishes, to form a composition for smell and taste the most abominable, nauseous, and detestable they can possibly contrive, which the stomach immediately rejects with loathing, and this they call a vomit;

oil (油) [名] any of various greasy, thick, flammable liquids obtained from animals, plants, and minerals, and used as fuel, food, and for other purposes

shell (貝殻) [名] the hard outer covering of a mollusk or crustacean

bark (樹皮) [名] the tough outer covering of the trunk, branches, and twigs of a tree or woody shrub

serpent (蛇) [名] a snake

frog (カエル) [名] a tailless amphibian with a smooth, moist skin and long, strong legs for leaping

reject (拒絶する) [動] refuse to consider or agree to

vomit (嘔吐) [名] the involuntary, forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth

彼らの次の仕事は、ハーブ、鉱物、ゴム、油、貝殻、塩、汁、海藻、木の皮、蛇、ヒキガエル、カエル、クモ、死人の肉と骨、獣、魚から、彼らが考えうる限り最も忌まわしく、吐き気を催し、忌まわしい匂いと味の組成物を作ることであり、胃はすぐに嫌悪感を抱いて拒絶し、これを彼らは嘔吐と呼ぶ。

or else, from the same storehouse, with some other poisonous additions, they command us to take in a medicine equally annoying and disgustful to the bowels, which relaxing the belly, drives down all before it, and this they call a purge, or a clyster.

storehouse (倉庫) [名] a building used for storing goods

addition (添加物) [名] something added to something else

annoying (不快な) [形] causing annoyance

disgustful (嫌悪感を与える) [形] causing disgust

bowels (腸) [名] the part of the alimentary canal below the stomach

drive down (押し下げる) [動] cause to move or go down

purge (下剤) [名] a medicine or treatment that causes emptying of the bowels

clyster (浣腸) [名] an injection of liquid into the rectum to expel its contents

あるいは、同じ倉庫から、他の毒物を加えて、腸に同じように不快で嫌悪感を与える薬を飲むように命じ、腹を緩めて、その前にすべてを押し下げ、これを下剤または浣腸と呼ぶ。

But besides real diseases, we are subject to many that are only imaginary, for which the physicians have invented imaginary cures;

imaginary (想像上の) [形] existing only in the imagination

しかし、実際の病気以外にも、私たちは想像上の病気にもかかりやすく、そのために医師たちは想像上の治療法を発明した。

these have their several names, and so have the drugs that are proper for them, and with these our female _yahoos_ are always infested.

drug (薬) [名] a medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body

これらにはそれぞれ名前があり、それに適した薬もあり、私たちの女性のヤフーはいつもこれらに悩まされている。

One great excellency in this tribe is their skill at prognostics, wherein they seldom fail;

one great excellency (優れた点の一つ) [名] a very good quality or feature

prognostics (予後診断) [名] the branch of medicine concerned with the forecasting of the course of a disease

この部族の優れた点の一つは、予後診断の技術であり、ほとんど失敗することはない。

their predictions in real diseases, when they rise to any degree of malignity, generally portending death, which is always in their power, when recovery is not.

degree (度合い) [名] the extent to which something happens or is present

malignity (悪性度) [名] the state or quality of being harmful or evil

portend (予告する) [動] be a sign or warning that (something, especially something unpleasant) is going to happen

実際の病気では、悪性度が上がると、回復が不可能であれば、彼らの予測は常に死を予告する。

And therefore, upon any unexpected signs of amendment, after they have pronounced their sentence, rather than be accused as false prophets, they know how to approve their sagacity to the world by a seasonable dose.

amendment (改善) [名] a minor change in a document

have pronounced (下した) [動] declare or announce officially or formally

their (彼らの) [代] belonging to or connected with the people previously mentioned

rather than (よりも) [接] instead of

be accused (非難される) [動] charge (someone) with an offense or crime

how to (方法) [名] the means by which something is done or achieved

the world (世間) [名] the earth and all its countries and peoples

a (1つの) [限] one, some, or all indiscriminately of whatever quantity; an unspecified amount or number of

dose (薬) [名] a quantity of a medicine or drug taken or recommended to be taken at a particular time

そのため、彼らは判決を下した後、予期せぬ改善の兆候が見られた場合、偽預言者として非難されるよりも、適時適量の薬によって、世間に自分の慧眼を認めさせる方法を知っている。

They are likewise of special use to husbands and wives who are grown weary of their mates, to eldest sons, to great ministers of state, and often to princes.

mate (配偶者) [名] the sexual partner of a person or animal

彼らはまた、配偶者に飽き飽きした夫婦や長男、大臣、そしてしばしば王子にも特別に利用されている。

I had formerly, upon occasion, discoursed with my master upon the nature of government in general, particularly of our own excellent constitution, deservedly the wonder and envy of the whole world.

upon occasion (折に触れて) [副] from time to time

私は以前、折に触れて主人と一般的な政治の性質、特に全世界の驚異と羨望に値する我が国の優れた憲法について語り合ったことがある。

But having here accidentally mentioned a minister of state, he commanded me some time after to inform him what species of _yahoo_ I particularly meant by that appellation.

minister of state (大臣) [名] a person appointed by a state leader to head a ministry

しかし、ここで偶然に大臣のことを口にしたところ、しばらくして主人は、その呼び名で私が特に意味しているヤフーの種類を教えるようにと命じた。

I told him that our first or chief minister of state was a person wholly exempt from joy and grief, love and hatred, pity and anger;

first (首相) [名] the person who is the head of a government

chief (首相) [名] the person who is the head of a government

exempt (解放された) [動] free from an obligation or liability imposed on others

私は、我が国の首相は喜びや悲しみ、愛や憎しみ、哀れみや怒りから完全に解放された人物だと言った。

at least makes use of no other passions but a violent desire of wealth, power, and titles.

make use of (利用する) [動] to use something for a particular purpose

no other (他の~はない) [限] not any other

title (肩書き) [名] the name of a book, film, or other work

少なくとも富、権力、肩書きへの激しい欲望以外の情熱は利用していない。

That he applies his words to all uses except to the indication of his mind;

indication (示す) [名] a sign or indication of something

彼は自分の心を示す以外にはあらゆる用途に言葉を当てはめている。

that he never tells a truth but with an intent that you should take it for a lie;

彼は真実を語ることは決してないが、それはあなたがそれを嘘だと受け取るようにするためである。

nor a lie but with a design that you should take it for a truth.

嘘をつくことも決してないが、それはあなたがそれを真実だと受け取るようにするためである。

That those he speaks worst of behind their backs are in the surest way of preferment;

behind one's back (陰で) [副] in a secret or dishonest way

surest (最も確実な) [形] most certain

preferment (昇進) [名] promotion to a higher position or rank

彼が陰で悪口を言う相手は、最も確実に昇進する。

and whenever he begins to praise you to others or to yourself, you are from that day forlorn.

whenever (いつでも) [副] at any time; on any occasion

from that day (その日から) [副] from the day that

forlorn (見捨てられる) [形] pitifully sad and abandoned or lonely

そして、彼が他人やあなた自身にあなたを褒め始めると、あなたはその日から見捨てられる。

The worst mark you can receive is a promise, especially when it is confirmed with an oath;

あなたが受け取れる最悪の印は約束であり、特にそれが誓いで確認された場合である。

after which every wise man retires, and gives over all hopes.

give over (捨てる) [動] stop doing something

その後、賢い人は皆引退し、すべての希望を捨てる。

There are three methods by which a man may rise to be chief minister.

rise (昇進する) [動] move up to a higher position

人が大臣に昇進する方法は三つある。

The first is, by knowing how, with prudence, to dispose of a wife, a daughter, or a sister;

一つ目は、妻、娘、または姉妹を慎重に処分する方法を知ることである。

the second, by betraying or undermining his predecessor;

undermine (弱体化させる) [動] weaken or damage something

二つ目は、前任者を裏切るか、または弱体化させることである。

and the third is by a furious zeal in public assemblies against the corruptions of the court.

public assembly (公の集会) [名] a gathering of people for a public purpose

三つ目は、公の集会で宮廷の腐敗に対して激しい熱意を示すことだ。

But a wise prince would rather choose to employ those who practice the last of these methods;

しかし、賢い君主はむしろこれらの方法の最後を実践する人を雇うことを選ぶだろう。

because such zealots prove always the most obsequious and subservient to the will and passions of their master.

zealot (熱狂者) [名] a person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals

prove (証明される) [動] to be shown to be

obsequious (従順な) [形] obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree

なぜなら、そのような熱狂者は常に主人の意志と情熱に対して最も従順で従順であることが証明されるからだ。

That these ministers, having all employments at their disposal, preserve themselves in power by bribing the majority of a senate or great council;

have at one's disposal (自由に使える) [動] be able to use something as one wishes

これらの大臣は、すべての職を自由に使えるので、上院や大評議会の過半数を買収することで権力を維持している。

and at last, by an act of indemnity (whereof I described the nature to him), they secured themselves from after reckonings, and retired from the public laden with the spoils of the nation.

act (法) [名] a law passed by a legislative body

indemnity (免責) [名] protection or exemption from liability or loss

reckoning (責任) [名] the action or process of calculating or estimating something

そしてついに、(私がその性質を彼に説明した)免責法によって、彼らは後から責任を問われることから身を守り、国民の略奪品でいっぱいになって公職から引退した。

The palace of a chief minister is a seminary to breed up others in his own trade;

seminary (神学校) [名] a college for training people to be priests, ministers, or rabbis

大臣の宮殿は、彼自身の商売で他人を育てる神学校である。

the pages, lackeys, and porter, by imitating their master, become ministers of state in their several districts, and learn to excel in the three principal ingredients, of insolence, lying, and bribery.

porter (門番) [名] a person who carries luggage

district (地区) [名] an area of a country or city

insolence (横柄) [名] rude and disrespectful behavior

bribery (賄賂) [名] the giving or offering of a bribe

小姓、従私、門番は、主人を真似ることで、それぞれの地区で大臣となり、横柄、嘘、賄賂という三つの主要な要素に秀でることを学ぶ。

Accordingly, they have a subaltern court paid to them by persons of the best rank, and sometimes by the force of dexterity and impudence, arrive, through several gradations, to be successors to their lord.

subaltern (下級) [形] of lower rank

それに応じて、彼らは最高の地位の人々から下級裁判所を支払われ、時には器用さと厚かましさの力によって、いくつかの段階を経て、彼らの主の後継者になる。

He is usually governed by a decayed wench or favorite footman, who are the tunnels through which all graces are conveyed, and may properly be called, in the last resort, the governors of the kingdom.

be governed by (支配される) [動] be controlled or ruled by

decayed (老いぼれた) [形] rotten or deteriorated

wench (女) [名] a young woman

tunnel (トンネル) [名] an underground passage

convey (伝える) [動] communicate or make known

last resort (最後の手段) [名] the final course of action

governor (支配者) [名] a person who rules or controls a country or state

彼は通常、老いぼれた女やお気に入りの従私に支配されており、彼らはあらゆる恩寵が伝えられるトンネルであり、最後の手段としては王国の支配者と呼ぶのが適切かもしれない。

One day in discourse, my master, having heard me mention the nobility of my country, was pleased to make me a compliment which I could not pretend to deserve:

ある日、主人は私が自分の国の貴族について話しているのを聞いて、私に褒め言葉をくれたが、私はそれに値するとは思えなかった。

that he was sure I must have been born of some noble family, because I far exceeded in shape, color, and cleanliness, all the _yahoos_ of his nation, although I seemed to fail in strength and agility, which must be imputed to my different way of living from those other brutes;

far exceed (はるかに凌ぐ) [動] be much greater or better than

impute (起因している) [動] to regard something as being caused by or belonging to someone or something

私が貴族の家に生まれたに違いない、なぜなら私は体型、色、清潔さにおいて、この国のすべてのヤフーをはるかに凌いでいるからだ、しかし、私は体力と敏捷性に欠けているように見えるが、それは他の野蛮人とは異なる私の生き方に起因しているに違いない。

and besides, I was not only endowed with the faculty of speech, but likewise with some rudiments of reason, to a degree that with all his acquaintance I passed for a prodigy.

be endowed with (恵まれている) [動] be gifted with

rudiments (初歩的な能力) [名] the basic elements of something

prodigy (神童) [名] a young person with exceptional qualities or abilities

その上、私は話す能力だけでなく、理性の初歩的な能力にも恵まれており、彼の知人の間では神童とまで言われていた。

He made me observe, that among the Houyhnhnms, the white, the sorrel, and the iron-gray were not so exactly shaped as the bay, the dapple-gray, and the black;

iron-gray (鉄灰色) [名] a gray color with a slight bluish or greenish tinge

bay (鹿毛) [名] a reddish-brown color

dapple-gray (斑点灰色) [名] a gray color with small spots of a lighter or darker shade

彼は私に、フウイヌムの中では、白、栗毛、鉄灰色は、鹿毛、斑点灰色、黒ほど正確な形をしていないことを観察させてくれた。

nor born with equal talents of the mind, or a capacity to improve them;

精神的な才能やそれを伸ばす能力も平等に生まれてくるわけではない。

and therefore continued always in the condition of servants, without ever aspiring to match out of their own race, which in that country would be reckoned monstrous and unnatural.

aspire (しようとする) [動] direct one's hopes or ambitions toward achieving something

match (結婚する) [動] be equal to or similar to

monstrous (怪物じみている) [形] extremely and outrageously wrong or bad

unnatural (不自然な) [形] not natural; artificial

そのため、常に召使の身分のままで、自分たちの種族以外と結婚しようとはせず、この国ではそれは怪物じみていて不自然なこととされている。

I made his honor my most humble acknowledgments for the good opinion he was pleased to conceive of me;

conceive (評価する) [動] to form an idea of

私は、彼が私を好意的に評価してくれたことに対して、最も謙虚な感謝の意を表した。

but assured him at the same time, that my birth was of the lower sort, having been born of plain honest parents, who were just able to give me a tolerable education.

しかし同時に、私は身分の低い生まれで、私に十分な教育を与えることのできる、平凡で正直な両親から生まれたことを彼に保証した。

That nobility, among us, was altogether a different thing from the idea he had of it;

我々の間の貴族は、彼が持っている考えとは全く違うものだった。

that our young noblemen are bred from their childhood in idleness and luxury;

nobleman (貴族) [名] a member of the aristocracy

childhood (子供の頃) [名] the time of a person's life when they are a child

我々の若い貴族は、子供の頃から怠惰で贅沢な生活を送っている。

and when their fortunes are almost ruined, they marry some woman of mean birth, disagreeable person, and unsound constitution (merely for the sake of money), whom they hate and despise.

mean (卑しい) [形] unkind or spiteful

unsound (不健全な) [形] not healthy or whole

constitution (体質) [名] the composition or structure of something

そして、彼らの財産がほとんど破滅した時、彼らは卑しい生まれで、不快な性格で、不健全な体質の女性と(単にお金のために)結婚し、その女性を憎み、軽蔑する。

That the productions of such marriages are generally scrofulous, rickety, or deformed children;

production (子供) [名] the result of an act or process

scrofulous (腺病質) [形] of, relating to, or affected with scrofula

rickety (くる病) [形] affected with rickets

そのような結婚で生まれた子供は、一般的に腺病質、くる病、または奇形児である。

by which means the family seldom continues above three generations.

by which means (そのため) [副] as a result of which

そのため、その家系が三代以上続くことはめったにない。

That a weak diseased body, a meager countenance, and sallow complexion, are no uncommon marks of a great man;

diseased (病気の) [形] affected with a disease

sallow (土気色の) [形] of a sickly yellow or brown colour

mark (特徴) [名] a feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify it

病弱な体、貧弱な顔つき、土気色の顔色は、偉人の珍しい特徴ではない。

and a healthy robust appearance is so far disgraceful in a man of quality, that the world is apt to conclude his real father to have been one of the inferiors of the family, especially when it is seen that the imperfections of his mind run parallel with those of his body, and are little else than a composition of spleen, dullness, ignorance, caprice, sensuality and pride.

healthy (健康な) [形] having or indicating good health

disgraceful (恥ずべき) [形] causing a loss of respect

apt (〜しがちである) [形] likely to do something

imperfection (欠陥) [名] a fault or weakness in someone or something

run parallel (並行して存在する) [動] to be similar or have a similar course

spleen (憂鬱) [名] an organ in the human body that produces and stores red blood cells and destroys old red blood cells

dullness (愚鈍) [名] the quality of being uninteresting or unimaginative

sensuality (官能性) [名] the quality of being concerned with the senses or physical pleasure

健康で頑健な外見は、身分の高い人間にとっては恥ずべきことであり、世間はその人の本当の父親は身分の低い人間だったのではないかと結論付けがちである。特に、その人の精神の欠陥が肉体の欠陥と並行して存在し、憂鬱、愚鈍、無知、気まぐれ、官能性、プライドの集合体に過ぎない場合はそうである。

CHAPTER VII

第七章

THE AUTHOR’S GREAT LOVE OF HIS NATIVE COUNTRY—HIS MASTER’S OBSERVATIONS UPON THE CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION OF ENGLAND, AS DESCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR, WITH PARALLEL CASES AND COMPARISONS—HIS MASTER’S OBSERVATIONS UPON HUMAN NATURE.

THE AUTHOR’S GREAT LOVE OF HIS NATIVE COUNTRY (著者の祖国への大いなる愛情) [名] the author's great love of his native country

HIS MASTER’S OBSERVATIONS UPON THE CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION OF ENGLAND (主人のイギリスの憲法と行政に関する観察) [名] his master's observations upon the constitution and administration of England

AS DESCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR (著者の記述による) [名] as described by the author

WITH PARALLEL CASES AND COMPARISONS (類似した事例と比較) [名] with parallel cases and comparisons

HIS MASTER’S OBSERVATIONS UPON HUMAN NATURE (主人の人間性に関する観察) [名] his master's observations upon human nature

第七章著者の祖国への大いなる愛情著者の記述による、主人のイギリスの憲法と行政に関する観察、類似した事例と比較主人の人間性に関する観察

The reader may be disposed to wonder how I could prevail on myself to give so free a representation of my own species, among a race of mortals who were already too apt to conceive the vilest opinion of human kind, from that entire congruity betwixt me and their _yahoos_.

読者は、私と彼らのヤフーの間にある完全な一致から、すでに人間に対して最も卑劣な意見を抱きがちな人間種族の中で、私がいかにして自分の種族をこれほど自由に表現することができたのかと不思議に思うかもしれない。

But I must freely confess, that the many virtues of these excellent quadrupeds placed in opposite view to human corruptions, had so far opened my eyes and enlarged my understanding, that I began to view the actions and passions of man in a very different light, and to think the honor of my own kind not worth managing;

light (見方) [名] a way of regarding something

managing (守る) [動] be in charge of; run

しかし、私は率直に告白しなければならないが、人間の堕落とは対照的なこれらの優れた四足動物の多くの美徳は、私の目を大きく開き、理解を深めてくれたので、私は人間の行動や情熱を非常に異なる見方で見るようになり、自分の種族の名誉を守る価値はないと考えるようになった。

which, besides, it was impossible for me to do before a person of so acute a judgment as my master, who daily convinced me of a thousand faults in myself, whereof I had not the least perception before, and which among us would never be numbered even among human infirmities.

perception (知覚) [名] the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses

number (数える) [動] determine the total of; count

その上、私の主人のような鋭い判断力の持ち主の前で、私がそれをすることは不可能だった。主人は毎日、私自身の何千もの欠点を私に確信させ、その欠点は私が以前に少しも知覚していなかったものであり、私たちの間では人間の弱点の中にさえ数えられないであろうものだった。

I had likewise learned from his example an utter detestation of all falsehood or disguise;

disguise (偽装) [名] a way of changing your appearance or behavior in order to hide your identity or to deceive people

私はまた、彼の例から、あらゆる虚偽や偽装を心底嫌悪することを学んだ。

and truth appeared so amiable to me, that I determined upon sacrificing everything to it.

amiable (愛すべき) [形] having or showing a friendly and pleasant manner

sacrifice (捧げる) [動] to give up something important for the sake of achieving something else

そして真理は私にとってとても愛すべきものに見えたので、私はすべてを真理に捧げることを決意した。

Let me deal so candidly with the reader as to confess that there was yet a much stronger motive for the freedom I took in my representation of things.

deal with (申し上げる) [動] to take action in regard to

candidly (率直に) [副] in a frank and honest way

読者に対して率直に申し上げておくが、私が物事の表現において自由に振る舞ったことには、もっと強い動機があった。

I had not been a year in this country before I contracted such a love and veneration for the inhabitants, that I entered on a firm resolution never to return to human kind, but to pass the rest of my life among these admirable Houyhnhnms, in the contemplation and practice of every virtue;

a year (一年) [名] the period of time that the earth takes to make one complete orbit of the sun

contract (抱く) [動] to make or become shorter, smaller, or tighter

enter on (決意する) [動] to begin to be involved in

contemplation (熟考) [名] the action of thinking about something deeply

この国に来て一年も経たないうちに、私は住民たちを愛し尊敬するようになったので、二度と人間界に戻らず、残りの人生をこの立派なフウイヌムたちの間で、あらゆる美徳を熟考し実践して過ごそうと固く決意した。

where I could have no example or incitement to vice.

incitement (誘惑) [名] the action of inciting or stirring up

ここでは悪徳の例や誘惑に出会うことはあり得なかった。

But it was decreed by fortune, my perpetual enemy, that so great a felicity should not fall to my share.

decree (定める) [動] to issue a decree or order

fall to (降りかかる) [動] to happen to

share (身) [名] a portion or part of something

しかし、私の永遠の敵である運命は、そんな大きな幸福が私の身に降りかかることはないと定めていた。

However, it is now some comfort to reflect, that in what I said of my countrymen, I extenuated their faults as much as I durst before so strict an examiner, and upon every article gave as favorable a turn as the matter would bear.

countrymen (同胞) [名] a person from one's own country

examiner (審査官) [名] a person who examines something

bear (許す) [動] to be able to tolerate or endure something

しかし、今になって考えると、私が同胞について語ったことは、厳しい審査官の前で彼らの欠点をできるだけ軽減し、あらゆる事柄について、事実が許す限り好意的に解釈したことを思い出して、少しは慰められる。

For, indeed, who is there alive that will not be swayed by his bias and partiality to the place of his birth?

who (誰) [代] what or which person or people

will not (ないだろう) [助] be unwilling to

be swayed (左右される) [動] be influenced or affected by

bias (偏見) [名] a tendency to favor one thing over another

partiality (偏愛) [名] a special liking for someone or something

実際、自分の生まれた場所に対する偏見や偏愛に左右されない人間がどこにいるだろうか?

I have related the substance of several conversations I had with my master, during the greatest part of the time I had the honor to be in his service;

time (期間) [名] the space or span of time

私は、主人に仕える栄誉に浴した期間の大部分にわたって、主人と交わした会話の要点を述べてきた。

but have, indeed, for brevity’s sake, omitted much more than is here set down.

sake (ために) [名] purpose; reason

しかし、簡潔にするために、ここに記したよりもずっと多くのことを省略した。

When I had answered all his questions, and his curiosity seemed to be fully satisfied, he sent for me one morning early, and commanding me to sit down at some distance (an honor which he had never before conferred upon me), he said he had been very seriously considering my whole story, as far as it related both to myself and to my country.

send for (呼び出す) [動] ask someone to come

relate (関係する) [動] have reference to; concern

私が主人の質問にすべて答え、主人の好奇心が十分に満たされたように思えたとき、主人はある朝早く私を呼び、少し離れたところに座るように命じて(これは今までに一度も受けたことのない栄誉だった)、私と私の国に関する限り、私の話全体を非常に真剣に検討していたと言った。

That he looked upon us as a sort of animals to whose share, by what accident he could not conjecture, some small pittance of reason had fallen, whereof we made no other use than by its assistance to aggravate our natural corruptions, and to acquire new ones which Nature had not given us.

pittance (かけら) [名] a very small amount of money

aggravate (悪化させる) [動] make worse

corruption (堕落) [名] dishonest or illegal behavior especially by powerful people

主人は私たちを、どんな偶然か推測できないが、理性のかけらを授かった動物の一種と見なし、私たちはその理性を使って、生まれつきの堕落を悪化させ、自然が与えてくれなかった新しい堕落を身につける以外に何もしていないと言った。

That we disarmed ourselves of the few abilities she had bestowed;

disarm (捨て去る) [動] to deprive of weapons

私たちは自然が授けてくれたわずかな能力を自ら捨て去り、

had been very successful in multiplying our original wants, and seemed to spend our whole lives in vain endeavors to supply them by our own inventions.

be successful in (成功する) [動] achieve a desired outcome

元々あった欲求を増やすことに大成功し、自分の発明でそれを満たそうと無駄な努力に一生を費やしているようだ。

That as to myself, it was manifest I had neither the strength nor agility of a common yahoo, that I walked infirmly on my hinder feet;

infirmly (不自由だ) [副] in a weak or sickly manner

私自身については、普通のヤフーの強さも敏捷性も持ち合わせていないことは明らかで、後ろ足で歩くのも不自由だ。

had found out a contrivance to make my claws of no use, or defense, and to remove the hair from my chin, which was intended as a shelter from the sun and the weather.

use (役に立たなくする) [名] the application of something to a particular purpose

爪を役に立たなくしたり、防御したり、太陽や天候からの隠れ場として意図されていたあごの毛を取り除くための工夫を見つけた。

Lastly, that I could neither run with speed, nor climb trees like my brethren, as he called them, the _yahoos_ in this country.

最後に、私はこの国のヤフーと呼ばれる同胞のように、速く走ることも木に登ることもできない。

That our institutions of government and law were plainly owing to our gross defects in reason, and by consequence, in virtue;

owe (~のためだ) [動] have or feel a duty or obligation to do something

gross (大きな) [形] very large or serious

私たちの政府や法律の制度は、明らかに理性と結果的に徳に大きな欠陥があるためだ。

because reason alone is sufficient to govern a rational creature;

sufficient (十分) [形] as much or as good as required

理性だけが理性的な生き物を支配するのに十分だからだ。

which was therefore a character we had no pretense to challenge, even from the account I had given of my own people;

people (民族) [名] the members of a particular nation, community, or ethnic group

だから、私が自分の民族について述べたことからも、私たちが異議を唱えるふりをすることはできない性格だった。

although he manifestly perceived, that in order to favor them, I had concealed many particulars, and often said the thing which was not.

彼は明らかに、私が彼らに好意を持つために、多くの詳細を隠し、しばしば事実ではないことを言ったと気づいていたが。

He was the more confirmed in this opinion, because he observed, that as I agreed in every feature of my body with other _yahoos_, except where it was to my real disadvantage in point of strength, speed, and activity, the shortness of my claws, and some particulars where nature had no part;

activity (活動性) [名] a thing that a person or group does or has done

彼は、私が他のヤフーと体のあらゆる特徴が一致していることを観察したので、この意見をさらに確信した。強さ、速さ、活動性、爪の短さ、自然が関与していないいくつかの点で、私が本当に不利な点を除いて。

so from the representation I had given him of our lives, our manners, and our actions, he found as near a resemblance in the disposition of our minds.

so (だから) [接] for that reason; therefore

representation (述べた) [名] a statement or account of something

manner (マナー) [名] a way of behaving or doing something

だから、私が彼に私たちの生活、マナー、行動について述べたことから、彼は私たちの心の性質に似ているところを見つけた。

He said the _yahoos_ were known to hate one another more than they did any different species of animals;

one another (互いに) [代] each other

彼は、ヤフーは他の動物種よりも互いに憎み合うことで知られていると言った。

and the reason usually assigned, was the odiousness of their own shapes, which all could see in the rest, but not in themselves.

assign (考えられる) [動] to give something to someone as a task or responsibility

odiousness (憎しみ) [名] the quality of being hateful or detestable

not (見えない) [副] a word used to express negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition

そして、通常考えられる理由は、自分自身の姿の憎しみであり、それは誰もが他のヤフーには見えるが、自分自身には見えないものだった。

He had therefore begun to think it not unwise in us to cover our bodies, and by that invention conceal many of our deformities from each other, which would else be hardly supportable.

deformity (奇形) [名] a physical abnormality

supportable (耐えられない) [形] able to be endured

そのため、彼は私たちが自分の体を覆い、その発明によって私たちの多くの奇形を互いに隠すことは賢明ではないと考え始めていた。

But he now found he had been mistaken, and that the dissensions of these brutes in his country were owing to the same cause with ours, as I had described them.

mistake (間違える) [動] to be wrong about something

dissension (不和) [名] a disagreement that causes people to argue

しかし、彼は今や自分が間違っていたことを知り、彼の国におけるこれらの野蛮人の不和は、私が説明したように、私たちと同じ原因によるものだった。

“For if,” said he, “you throw among five _yahoos_ as much food as would be sufficient for fifty, they will, instead of eating peaceably, fall together by the ears, each single one impatient to have all to itself;

peaceably (平和に) [副] in a peaceful manner

fall together (集まる) [動] come together

impatient (焦る) [形] intolerant of delay, opposition, or criticism

all (全部) [名] the whole amount

itself (自分) [代] the thing or person mentioned

「もし、」と彼は言った、「50匹のヤフーに十分な量の食べ物を5匹のヤフーの間に投げ込んだら、彼らは平和に食べる代わりに、耳を傾け合い、一人一人が自分だけで全部食べようと焦り、

and therefore a servant was usually employed to stand by while they were feeding abroad, and those kept at home were tied at a distance from each other;

そのため、彼らが外で餌を食べている間は、通常、召使がそばに立つように雇われ、家で飼われているものは互いに離れた場所に縛られていた。

that if a cow died of age or accident, before a Houyhnhnm could secure it for his own _yahoos_, those in the neighborhood would come in herds to seize it, and then would insue such a battle as I had described, with terrible wounds made by their claws on both sides, although they seldom were able to kill one another, for want of such convenient instruments of death as we had invented.

牛が老衰や事故で死んだ場合、フウイヌムが自分のヤフーのために確保する前に、近所のヤフーたちが群れをなしてやってきて、それを奪い取ろうとし、私が説明したように、両側の爪でひどい傷を負いながらも、私たちが発明したような便利な殺傷道具がないため、めったに殺し合うことはできないが、そのような戦いが起こる。

At other times the like battles have been fought between the _yahoos_ of several neighborhoods, without any visible cause;

at other times (他の時には) [副] on other occasions

like (同様の) [形] similar

have been fought (起こった) [動] have taken place

visible (目に見える) [形] able to be seen

他の時には、目に見える原因もなく、いくつかの近隣のヤフーたちの間で同様の戦いが起こった。

those of one district watching all opportunities to surprise the next before they are prepared.

surprise (奇襲する) [動] attack or capture suddenly and without warning

ある地区のヤフーは、準備が整う前に次の地区を奇襲する機会をうかがっている。

But if they find their project has miscarried, they return home, and for want of enemies, engage in what I call a civil war among themselves.”

しかし、計画が失敗したとなると、彼らは家に戻り、敵がいないので、私が言うところの内戦を始める。」

That in some fields of his country, there are certain shining stones of several colors, whereof the _yahoos_ are violently fond;

violently (非常に) [副] in a very intense or forceful way

この国のいくつかの畑には、ヤフーが非常に好む、さまざまな色の輝く石がある。

and when part of these stones is fixed in the earth, as it sometimes happens, they will dig with their claws for whole days to get them out, then carry them away and hide them by heaps in their kennels;

get out (掘り出す) [動] leave a place

そして、これらの石の一部が地面に固定されていると、時々起こることだが、彼らはそれを掘り出すために一日中爪で掘り、それから運び去り、犬小屋に山積みにして隠す。

but still looking round with great caution, for fear their comrades should find out their treasure.

still (それでも) [副] even now or even then

great caution (細心の注意) [名] a great deal of care or caution

find out (見つけてしまう) [動] discover or notice something

それでも仲間が宝物を見つけてしまうのではないかと、細心の注意を払って周囲を見回す。

My master said he could never discover the reason of this unnatural appetite, or how these stones could be of any use to a _yahoo_; but now he believed it might proceed from the same principle of avarice which I had ascribed to mankind.

主人は、この不自然な欲求の理由や、これらの石がヤフーにどんな役に立つのかを発見することはできないと言っていた。しかし、今では、私が人類に帰した貪欲の原理と同じ原理から生じているのではないかと信じている。

That he had once, by way of experiment, privately removed a heap of these stones from the place where one of his _yahoos_ had buried it;

by way of (として) [前] by means of; by the method of

彼はかつて、実験として、自分のヤフーの一匹が埋めた場所から、こっそりこれらの石の山を取り除いたことがある。

whereupon the sordid animal, missing his treasure, by his loud lamenting brought the whole herd to the place, there miserably howled, then fell to biting and tearing the rest;

sordid (卑劣な) [形] morally degraded

treasure (宝物) [名] a quantity of precious metals, gems, or other valuable objects

lamenting (嘆き悲しむ) [動] express great sorrow or regret

howl (遠吠えする) [動] utter a long, loud, doleful cry

すると、その卑劣な動物は宝物がなくなったので、大声で嘆き悲しんで群れ全体をその場所に連れてきて、そこで悲惨なほどに遠吠えし、残りのヤフーを噛み裂き始めた。

began to pine away; would neither eat, nor sleep, nor work, till he ordered a servant privately to convey the stones into the same hole, and hide them as before;

pine away (衰弱する) [動] become weak or sickly

主人が召使に石を同じ穴に運び、以前のように隠すように命じるまで、食べることも、眠ることも、働くこともなく、衰弱し始めた。

which when his _yahoo_ had found, he presently recovered his spirits and good humor, but took good care to remove them to a better hiding place, and has ever since been a very serviceable brute.

good humor (上機嫌) [名] a cheerful or playful mood

remove (移す) [動] move something from one place to another

hiding place (隠し場所) [名] a place where something or someone can be hidden

serviceable (役に立つ) [形] able to be used

brute (家畜) [名] a large, strong, violent person

ヤフーは石を見つけると、すぐに元気を取り戻し、上機嫌になったが、石をもっと良い隠し場所に移すように気を配り、それ以来、とても役に立つ家畜になった。

My master farther assured me, which I also observed myself, that in the fields where these shining stones abound, the fiercest and most frequent battles are fought, occasioned by perpetual inroads of the neighboring _yahoos_.

occasion (起こる) [動] to cause or produce

inroad (侵入) [名] an incursion or invasion

主人はさらに、私も自分で観察したのだが、これらの輝く石が豊富にある場所では、近隣のヤフーの絶え間ない侵入によって、最も激しく、最も頻繁な戦いが起こると断言した。

He said it was common when two _yahoos_ discovered such a stone in a field, and were contending which of them should be the proprietor, a third would take the advantage and carry it away from them both;

third (第三) [数] one more than two

take advantage (隙をつく) [動] make good use of

carry away (奪い取る) [動] take away by force

主人は、二匹のヤフーが野原でそのような石を発見し、どちらが所有者になるべきかを争っているときに、第三のヤフーがその隙をついて両者から石を奪い取ってしまうのはよくあることだと言った。

which my master would needs contend to have some kind of resemblance with our suits at law;

contend (主張する) [動] assert or maintain as a fact

主人は、このことは我々の訴訟と似ているところがあると主張した。

wherein I thought it for our credit not to undeceive him;

credit (名誉) [名] a source of honor or distinction

undeceive (誤解を解く) [動] to free from deception or misconception

私は、この点については、主人の誤解を解かない方が我々の名誉のために良いと思った。

since the decision he mentioned was much more equitable than many decrees among us;

equitable (公平な) [形] just or fair; impartial

主人が述べた判決は、我々の間の多くの判決よりもはるかに公平だったからである。

because the plaintiff and defendant there lost nothing beside the stone they contended for;

plaintiff (原告) [名] the party who brings a case against another in a court of law

defendant (被告) [名] the party against whom a case is brought in a court of law

なぜなら、原告と被告は争った石以外に何も失わないからである。

whereas our courts of equity would never have dismissed the cause while either of them had anything left.

dismiss (棄却する) [動] to refuse to consider

一方、我々の衡平法裁判所は、原告と被告のどちらかが何かを残している限り、決して訴訟を棄却しないだろう。

My master continuing his discourse, said there was nothing that rendered the _yahoos_ more odious than their undistinguishing appetite to devour everything that came in their way, whether herbs, roots, berries, the corrupted flesh of animals, or all mingled together;

undistinguishing (無差別な) [形] not showing good taste or discrimination

mingle (混ざり合う) [動] mix or be mixed together

主人は話を続け、ハーブ、根、ベリー、動物の腐った肉、またはそれらすべてが混ざり合ったものなど、目の前に現れたあらゆるものを貪り食う無差別な食欲ほど、ヤフーを憎しみの対象にするものはない、と言った。

and it was peculiar in their temper, that they were fonder of what they could get by rapine or stealth at a greater distance, than much better food provided for them at home.

fonder (好む) [形] having a strong liking for

rapine (強奪) [名] the violent seizure of property

stealth (盗み) [名] the act of moving, proceeding, or acting in a covert way

そして、彼らの気質の奇妙なところは、家で用意されたはるかに良い食べ物よりも、遠くで強奪や盗みで手に入れられるものを好むことだった。

There was also another kind of root, very juicy, but somewhat rare and difficult to be found, which the _yahoos_ sought for with much eagerness, and would suck it with great delight;

juicy (水分が多い) [形] full of juice

seek (探し求める) [動] try to obtain or achieve

eagerness (熱心) [名] a strong feeling of wanting to do or have something

他にも、とても水分が多いが、やや珍しく見つけにくい根があり、ヤフーはそれを熱心に探し求め、大喜びで吸い取っていた。

and it produced in them the same effects that wine has upon us.

have (及ぼす) [動] experience or be subjected to

そして、それは彼らにワインが我々に及ぼすのと同じ効果をもたらした。

It would make them sometimes hug and sometimes tear one another;

hug (抱き合う) [動] put one's arms around someone and hold them closely

彼らは時々抱き合ったり、時には互いに引き裂き合ったりした。

they would howl, and grin, and chatter, and reel, and tumble, and then fall asleep in the mud.

howl (わめく) [動] to utter a loud, prolonged, mournful cry

grin (歯をむき出しにする) [動] to smile broadly

chatter (しゃべる) [動] to talk rapidly and incessantly

reel (よろめく) [動] to walk or move unsteadily

tumble (転倒する) [動] to fall suddenly

彼らはわめき、歯をむき出しにし、しゃべり、よろめき、転倒し、そして泥の中で眠り込んでしまうのだった。

I did indeed observe that the _yahoos_ were the only animals in the country subject to any diseases;

確かに、この国で病気にかかる動物はヤフーだけだということは観察していた。

which, however, were much fewer than horses have among us, and contracted not by any ill treatment they meet with, but by the nastiness and greediness of that sordid brute.

fewer (少ない) [形] a smaller number of

contract (感染する) [動] catch or develop a disease

nastiness (不潔さ) [名] the quality or state of being nasty

greediness (貪欲さ) [名] the quality or state of being greedy

しかし、それは我々の間にいる馬よりもずっと少なく、彼らが受けた虐待によってではなく、その卑劣な動物の不潔さと貪欲さによって感染した。

Neither has their language any more than a general appellation for those maladies, which is borrowed from the name of the beast, and called _hnea yahoo_, or the _yahoo’s_ evil.

any more (それ以上) [副] no longer; not any longer

彼らの言語にも、その病気に対する一般的な呼び名以外にはなく、それは獣の名前から借用して、_hnea yahoo_、つまり_yahoo’s_ evilと呼ばれている。

As to learning, government, arts, manufactures, and the like, my master confessed he could find little or no resemblance between the _yahoos_ of that country and those in ours.

no (全く) [限] not any

ours (我が国) [代] belonging to or connected with the speaker and one or more other people previously mentioned or easily identified

学問、政治、芸術、工業などについては、主人は、この国のヤフーと我が国のヤフーとの間にはほとんど、あるいは全く類似点を見出せないと白状した。

For he only meant to observe what parity there was in our natures.

mean (つもりだった) [動] intend

parity (類似点) [名] the state or condition of being equal or equivalent

というのも、彼は我々の性質にどんな類似点があるかを観察するつもりだったからだ。

He had heard, indeed, some curious Houyhnhnms observe, that in most herds there was a sort of ruling _yahoo_ (as among us there is generally some leading or principal stag in a park), who was always more deformed in body and mischievous in disposition than any of the rest.

ruling (支配的な) [形] exercising authority or power

実際、彼は好奇心旺盛なフウイヌムが、ほとんどの群れには一種の支配的なヤフーがいる(我々の間には公園に先頭に立つ、あるいは主な雄鹿がいるように)が、それはいつも他のどのヤフーよりも身体が醜く、気質がいたずら好きだと観察しているのを聞いたことがある。

That this leader had usually a favorite as like himself as he could get.

leader (リーダー) [名] the person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country

like (似た) [形] having a similar appearance or qualities

このリーダーにはたいてい、自分と似たお気に入りがいる。

This favorite is hated by the whole herd, and therefore, to protect himself, keeps always near the person of his leader.

protect (守る) [動] keep safe from harm or injury

near (そば) [前] close to; not far from

このお気に入りは群れ全体に嫌われているので、身を守るためにいつもリーダーのそばにいる。

He usually continues in office till a worse can be found;

彼はたいてい、もっと悪いヤフーが見つかるまでその地位に留まる。

but the very moment he is discarded, his successor, at the head of all the _yahoos_ in that district, young and old, male and female, come in a body, and attack him.

the very moment (まさにその瞬間) [名] the exact moment

is discarded (捨てられる) [動] get rid of as no longer wanted or needed

at the head of (先頭に立つ) [名] the leading position

_yahoos_ (ヤフー) [名] a member of a race of brutes in the fourth book of Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

a body (集団で) [名] the physical structure, including the bones, flesh and organs, of a person or an animal

しかし、彼が捨てられた瞬間に、その地区のすべてのヤフーの先頭に立つ後継者が、老若男女、集団でやって来て、彼を攻撃する。

But how far this might be applicable to our courts, and favorites, and ministers of state, my master said I could best determine.

be applicable (当てはまる) [動] be relevant or appropriate

しかし、これが我々の宮廷やお気に入り、大臣たちにどれほど当てはまるかは、私が一番よく判断できると主人は言った。

I durst make no return to this malicious insinuation, which debased human understanding below the sagacity of a common hound, who has judgment enough to distinguish and follow the cry of the ablest dog in the pack, without being ever mistaken.

make no return (言い返せない) [動] be unable to reply

insinuation (当てこすり) [名] an indirect or subtle suggestion

debase (見積もる) [動] reduce in quality or value

hound (猟犬) [名] a dog used for hunting

cry (鳴き声) [名] a loud shout or scream

ablest (最も有能な) [形] having great ability or skill

私はこの悪意のある当てこすりには何も言い返せなかったが、これは人間の理解力を、群れの中で最も有能な犬の鳴き声を間違えることなく聞き分け、従うだけの判断力を持つ普通の猟犬の賢さよりも低く見積もるものだった。

My master told me that a thing he wondered at in the _yahoos_, was their strange disposition to nastiness and dirt, whereas there appears to be a natural love of cleanliness in all other animals.

dirt (汚れ) [名] any substance that makes something unclean

whereas (~であるのに) [接] on the contrary; in contrast

主人は、ヤフーについて不思議に思うのは、他の動物はすべて清潔を好むように見えるのに、ヤフーは汚いものや汚れに対して奇妙な性質を持っていることだと言った。

As to the two former accusations, I was glad to let them pass without any reply, because I had not a word to offer upon them in defense of my species, which otherwise I certainly had done from my own inclinations.

accusation (非難) [名] a charge or claim that someone has done something illegal or wrong

glad (嬉しかった) [形] pleased; happy

offer (言う) [動] present or suggest for consideration or discussion

them (彼ら) [代] the people or things previously mentioned

done (した) [動] carry out or finish

前の二つの非難については、私は何も答えずに済ませることができて嬉しかった。なぜなら、私は自分の種族を弁護するために一言も言うことができなかったからだ。

But I could have easily vindicated human kind from the imputation of singularity upon the last article, if there had been any swine in that country (as unluckily for me there were not), which although it may be a sweeter quadruped than a _yahoo_, cannot, I humbly conceive, in justice, pretend to more cleanliness;

vindicate (弁護する) [動] clear from blame or suspicion

human kind (人間) [名] the human race

imputation (非難) [名] the act of imputing

singularity (奇妙) [名] the state of being singular

swine (豚) [名] a pig

unluckily (不幸なことに) [副] unfortunately

sweeter (愛らしい) [形] having a pleasant taste

pretend (言えない) [動] speak falsely or insincerely

しかし、もしこの国に豚がいたら(私にとって不幸なことにいなかったのだが)、私は人間を最後の項目の奇妙な非難から簡単に弁護できただろう。豚はヤフーよりも愛らしい四足動物かもしれないが、公正に考えて、それほど清潔だとは言えないと思う。

and so his honor himself must have owned, if he had seen their filthy way of feeding, and their custom of wallowing and sleeping in the mud.

mud (泥) [名] wet, soft earth

主人も、豚の汚い食べ方や、泥の中で寝転がる習慣を見たら、そう認めざるを得なかっただろう。

My master likewise mentioned another quality which his servants had discovered in several _yahoos_, and to him was wholly unaccountable.

主人はまた、召使たちが何人かのヤフーに見つけた、彼には全く理解できない性質について言及した。

He said a fancy would sometimes take a _yahoo_ to retire to a corner, to lie down and howl and groan, and spurn away all that came near him, although he were young and fat, wanted neither food nor water;

fancy (気まぐれ) [名] a sudden and unaccountable liking for something

corner (隅) [名] the area or space where two or more sides or edges meet

groan (うめく) [動] to utter a deep, prolonged sound of pain or disapproval

spurn (拒絶する) [動] to reject with disdain or contempt

away (離れて) [副] from a place or position

fat (太っている) [形] having too much flesh

彼は、ヤフーは時々、若くて太っていて、食べ物も水も欲しくないのに、隅に引っ込んで横になって、わめき、うめき、近寄ってくるものをすべて拒絶することがあると言っていた。

nor did the servants imagine what could possibly ail him.

possibly (おそらく) [副] perhaps; maybe

ail (患う) [動] be ill or indisposed

召使たちも彼が何を患っているのか想像できなかった。

And the only remedy they found was to set him to hard work, after which he would infallibly come to himself.

hard work (重労働) [名] work that is physically or mentally demanding

infallibly (必ず) [副] in a way that is never wrong

come to (戻る) [動] regain consciousness

そして、彼らが見つけた唯一の治療法は、彼を重労働に従事させることで、その後は必ず正気に戻った。

To this I was silent out of partiality to my own kind;

be silent (黙っている) [動] not say anything

これには、私は自分の種族への偏愛から黙っていた。

yet here I could plainly discover the true seeds of spleen, which only seizes on the lazy, the luxurious, and the rich;

seed (種) [名] a small hard object produced by a plant that can develop into a new plant

luxurious (贅沢な) [形] extremely comfortable or elegant

それでも、怠惰で贅沢で金持ちだけを襲う憂鬱の真の種を、私はここではっきりと発見することができた。

who, if they were forced to undergo the same regimen, I would undertake for the cure.

regimen (養生法) [名] a prescribed course of medical treatment, way of life, or diet for the promotion or restoration of health

彼らが同じ養生法を受けることを強制されれば、私は治療を引き受けるだろう。

CHAPTER VIII

第八章

THE AUTHOR RELATES SEVERAL PARTICULARS OF THE YAHOOS—THE GREAT VIRTUES OF THE HOUYHNHNMS—THE EDUCATION AND EXERCISE OF THEIR YOUTH—THEIR GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

PARTICULARS (事柄) [名] an individual fact or item

GENERAL ASSEMBLY (総会) [名] the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the United Nations

著者はヤフーの諸事について語るーフウイヌムの偉大な美徳ー彼らの若者の教育と訓練ー彼らの総会

As I ought to have understood human nature much better than I supposed it possible for my master to do, it was easy to apply the character he gave of the _yahoos_ to myself and my countrymen;

much better (ずっと) [副] to a much greater extent or degree

私は主人が理解できるだろうと私が思うよりもずっと人間性を理解していたはずなので、彼がヤフーについて述べた性質を私自身や私の同胞に当てはめることは簡単だった。

and I believed I could yet make farther discoveries from my own observation.

make (できる) [動] produce or create

そして、私は自分の観察からさらに発見できると信じていた。

I therefore often begged his favor to let me go among the herds of _yahoos_ in the neighborhood;

だから私は近所のヤフーの群れの中に行かせてくれるよう、よく彼に頼んだ。

to which he always very graciously consented, being perfectly convinced that the hatred I bore those brutes would never suffer me to be corrupted by them;

to which (それに) [代] to the thing that

being perfectly convinced (完全に確信していた) [動] be certain about something

彼はいつもとても快く承諾してくれたが、私があの畜生どもに抱いている憎しみのせいで、私が彼らに堕落させられることはないと完全に確信していた。

and his honor ordered one of his servants, a strong sorrel nag, very honest and good-natured, to be my guard, without whose protection I durst not undertake such adventures.

good-natured (善良な) [形] having a pleasant or kindly disposition

undertake (敢行する) [動] take on a task or job

そして彼は、彼の召使の一人である、とても正直で善良な、強い栗毛の馬に私の護衛を命じたが、その馬の保護なしに私はそのような冒険を敢行することはできなかった。

For I have already told the reader how much I was pestered by these odious animals, upon my first arrival;

have already told (すでに話した) [動] have already said

be pestered (悩まされる) [動] be annoyed or troubled

私が初めてここに着いた時、どれほどこの憎しみに満ちた動物たちに悩まされたかについては、すでに読者に話した通りである。

and I afterwards failed very narrowly three or four times of falling into their clutches, when I happened to stray at any distance without my hanger.

clutch (手) [名] a hand

stray (迷い込む) [動] wander from a path or course

wander (迷い込む) [動] go aimlessly or without a fixed destination

そしてその後、私がたまたま剣を携帯せずに遠くへ迷い込んだ時、三、四回も危うく彼らの手に落ちそうになった。

And I have reason to believe they had some imagination that I was of their own species, which I often assisted myself by stripping up my sleeves, and showing my naked arms and breast in their sight, when my protector was with me.

have some imagination (想像する) [動] form a mental image of something

their own species (自分たちの仲間) [名] a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding

naked (裸の) [形] without clothes

そして、彼らは私が自分たちの仲間だと思っている節があったと信じるに足る理由があるが、私は私の保護者が一緒にいる時に、袖をまくり上げて裸の腕と胸を見せることで、その考えを助長していた。

At which times they would approach as near as they durst, and imitate my actions after the manner of monkeys, but ever with great signs of hatred;

at which time (そういう時には) [副] at the time that

そういう時には、彼らはできる限り近づいてきて、猿のように私の行動を真似したが、いつも憎しみの色を濃くしていた。

as a tame jackdaw with cap and stockings is always persecuted by the wild ones, when he happens to get among them.

jackdaw (カササギ) [名] a small black and white bird

persecute (迫害する) [動] treat someone or something in a cruel or harmful way

帽子と靴下をつけた飼い慣らされたカササギが、野生のカササギの群れに紛れ込んだ時、いつも迫害されるのと同じである。

They are prodigiously nimble from their infancy.

be nimble (機敏である) [動] quick and light in movement or action

infancy (幼い頃) [名] the state or period of being an infant

彼らは幼い頃から驚くほど機敏である。

However, I once caught a young male of three years old, and endeavored, by all marks of tenderness, to make it quiet;

three years old (三歳) [形] having lived or existed for three years

しかし、私は一度三歳の若いオスを捕まえ、あらゆる優しさをもって、それを静かにさせようと努力した。

but the little imp fell a-squalling, and scratching, and biting with such violence, that I was forced to let it go;

imp (悪魔) [名] a small mischievous devil or sprite

fall (なる) [動] become

squalling (わめく) [動] cry or scream loudly and unrestrainedly

scratching (引っかく) [動] scrape or rub with something sharp or rough

biting (噛む) [動] cut or tear with the teeth

しかし、その小さな悪魔は、わめき、引っかき、噛みつき、あまりにも激しかったので、私はそれを放さざるを得なかった。

and it was high time, for a whole troop of old ones came about us at the noise, but finding the cub was safe (for away it ran), and my sorrel nag being by, they durst not venture near us.

high time (ちょうどいい時) [名] the latest possible time

old one (大人の) [名] an adult

come about (やってくる) [動] happen or occur

ちょうどいい時だった、というのも、その騒ぎに大人の群れがやってきたが、子供が無事なのを見ると(逃げ出した)、私の栗毛の馬がそばにいたので、彼らは私たちの近くに近寄ろうとはしなかった。

I observed the young animal’s flesh to smell very rank, and the stink was somewhat between a weasel and a fox, but much more disagreeable.

rank (とても) [形] very great

stink (臭い) [名] a strong unpleasant smell

fox (キツネ) [名] a carnivorous mammal of the family Canidae

私はその若い動物の肉がとても臭く、イタチとキツネの中間のような臭いがしたが、もっと不快な臭いだった。

By what I could discover, the _yahoos_ appear to be the most unteachable of all animals;

appear (らしい) [動] seem to be; give the impression of being

私の発見したところでは、ヤフーはあらゆる動物の中で最も教えにくいものらしい。

their capacities never reaching higher than to draw or carry burdens.

彼らの能力は、荷物を引っ張ったり運んだりすること以上には決して達しない。

Yet I am of opinion, this defect arises chiefly from a perverse, restive disposition.

perverse (ひねくれた) [形] deliberately deviating from what is considered right or normal

restive (落ち着きのない) [形] restless or impatient

それでも私は、この欠陥は主にひねくれた、落ち着きのない性質から生じていると思う。

For they are cunning, malicious, treacherous, and revengeful.

treacherous (裏切りやすい) [形] guilty of or involving betrayal or deception

revengeful (復讐心が強い) [形] disposed to seek revenge

彼らは狡猾で、悪意に満ち、裏切りやすく、復讐心が強い。

They are strong and hardy, but of a cowardly spirit, and by consequence insolent, abject, and cruel.

hardy (たくましい) [形] capable of enduring difficult conditions

cowardly (臆病な) [形] lacking courage

abject (卑屈な) [形] cast down in spirit or hope

彼らは強くたくましいが、臆病な精神の持ち主で、その結果横柄で卑屈で残酷だ。

It is observed, that the red-haired of both sexes are more mischievous than the rest, whom they yet much exceed in strength and activity.

red-haired (赤毛) [形] having red hair

activity (活動力) [名] a state of being active; energetic action or movement

両性の赤毛の者は、他の者よりもいたずら好きで、力も活動力もはるかに勝っていることが観察されている。

The Houyhnhnms keep the _yahoos_ for present use in huts not far from the house;

フウイヌムは、家から遠くない小屋に、当面の使用のためにヤフを飼っている。

but the rest are sent abroad to certain fields, where they dig up roots, eat several kinds of herbs, and search about for carrion, or sometimes catch weasels and _luhimuhs_ (a sort of wild rat), which they greedily devour.

certain (特定の) [形] having a specific but not explicitly stated value

carrion (腐肉) [名] the decaying flesh of dead animals

luhimuh (ルヒム) [名] a type of wild rat

しかし、残りは特定の畑に送られ、そこで根を掘り起こしたり、数種類の薬草を食べたり、腐肉を探したり、時にはイタチやルヒム(野生のネズミの一種)を捕まえて貪欲に食べたりする。

Nature has taught them to dig deep holes with their nails on the side of a rising ground, wherein they lie by themselves;

rise (高台) [名] an upward slope or hill

by oneself (独りで) [副] without help or assistance

自然は彼らに、彼らが独りで横たわる高台の側面に爪で深い穴を掘ることを教えた。

only the kennels of the females are larger, sufficient to hold two or three cubs.

hold (飼う) [動] keep or have in one's possession

雌犬の犬小屋だけが大きく、二、三匹の子犬を飼うのに十分な大きさである。

They swim from their infancy like frogs, and are able to continue long under water, where they often take fish, which the females carry home to their young.

彼らは幼い頃からカエルのように泳ぎ、水中で長く過ごすことができ、そこではよく魚を捕まえ、雌はそれを子供たちのところへ運んで行く。

Having lived three years in this country, the reader, I suppose, will expect that I should, like other travelers, give some account of the manners and customs of its inhabitants, which it was, indeed, my principal study to learn.

this country (この国) [名] the country being discussed

manners (風俗) [名] a way of behaving

この国に三年住んだので、読者は私が他の旅行者と同じように、住民の風俗習慣について何か説明することを期待するだろうと思うが、それは確かに私の主な研究テーマだった。

As these noble Houyhnhnms are endowed by nature with a general disposition to all virtues, and have no conceptions or ideas of what is evil in a rational creature;

nature (生まれつき) [名] the physical world and everything in it

これらの高貴なフウイヌムは、生まれつきあらゆる美徳を備えた性質を持ち、理性的な生き物にとって何が悪であるかについて何の概念も考えも持っていないので、

so their grand maxim is to cultivate reason, and to be wholly governed by it.

grand maxim (最大の格言) [名] a general truth or rule of conduct

govern (従って行動する) [動] to rule or control

彼らの最大の格言は、理性を養い、それに従って行動することである。

Neither is reason among them a point problematical, as with us, where men can argue with plausibility on both sides of the question;

problematical (問題となる) [形] presenting a problem

with (について) [前] used to indicate the object of a verb

plausibility (もっともらしさ) [名] the quality of seeming reasonable or probable

彼らの間では、人間が問題の両側についてもっともらしく議論できる私たちのように、理性が問題となることもない。

but strikes you with immediate conviction, as it must needs do where it is not mingled, obscured, or discolored, by passion and interest.

strike (持つ) [動] to have or feel a sudden strong feeling

obscure (不明瞭になる) [動] to make unclear or less prominent

discolor (変色する) [動] to change in color

しかし、情熱や利害によって混ざり合ったり、不明瞭になったり、変色したりしていないところでは、すぐに確信を持つことができる。

I remember it was with extreme difficulty that I could bring my master to understand the meaning of the word opinion, or how a point could be disputable;

with extreme difficulty (非常に苦労して) [副] with a lot of effort

disputable (議論の余地がある) [形] open to question or debate

私が主人に意見という言葉の意味や、ある点が議論の余地があることを理解させるのに非常に苦労したことを覚えている。

because reason taught us to affirm or deny only where we are certain;

affirm (肯定する) [動] state as a fact; assert strongly and publicly

なぜなら、理性は私たちに確信がある場合にのみ肯定または否定することを教えてくれたからである。

and beyond our knowledge we cannot do either.

そして、私たちの知識を超えて、どちらもできない。

So that controversies, wranglings, disputes, and positiveness in false or dubious propositions are evils unknown among the Houyhnhnms.

wrangling (口論) [名] a noisy argument or disagreement

dispute (論争) [名] a disagreement between people or groups

dubious (疑わしい) [形] doubtful, questionable, or suspicious

そのため、論争、口論、論争、そして偽りまたは疑わしい命題における積極性は、フウイヌムの間には知られていない悪である。

In the like manner, when I used to explain to him our several systems of natural philosophy, he would laugh that a creature pretending to reason, should value itself upon the knowledge of other people’s conjectures, and in things where that knowledge, if it were certain, could be of no use.

in the like manner (同様に) [副] in a similar way

value (重視する) [動] to regard highly

certain (確実) [形] known or proved to be true

同様に、私が彼に自然哲学のいくつかの体系を説明すると、彼は理性を装った生き物が他人の推測の知識を重視し、その知識が確実であれば役に立たないものを重視するべきだと笑った。

Wherein he agreed entirely with the sentiments of Socrates, as Plato delivers them;

Plato (プラトン) [名] a Greek philosopher

その中で彼は、プラトンが伝えているように、ソクラテスの感情に完全に同意した。

which I mention as the highest honor I can do that prince of philosophers.

私が哲学者の王子にできる最高の栄誉として言及する。

I have often since reflected, what destruction such a doctrine would make in the libraries of Europe; and how many paths of fame would be then shut up in the learned world.

path (道) [名] a way of doing something

shut up (閉ざされる) [動] to be or become closed

learned (学問) [形] having a lot of knowledge

私はそれ以来、そのような教義がヨーロッパの図書館にどのような破壊をもたらすのか、そして学問の世界でどれほど多くの名声の道が閉ざされるのかを考えてきた。

Friendship and benevolence are the two principal virtues among the Houyhnhnms; and these not confined to particular objects, but universal to the whole race.

友情と慈悲はフウイヌム族の二つの主要な美徳であり、これらは特定の対象に限定されるものではなく、種族全体に普遍的なものである。

For a stranger from the remotest part is equally treated with the nearest neighbor, and wherever he goes, looks upon himself as at home.

remotest (最も遠い) [形] most distant in space or time

wherever (どこへ) [副] in or to whatever place

なぜなら、最も遠い場所から来た見知らぬ人でも、最も近い隣人と同じように扱われ、どこへ行っても、自分の家にいるように感じるからである。

They preserve decency and civility in the highest degrees, but are altogether ignorant of ceremony.

highest degree (最高度) [名] the greatest possible extent

彼らは礼儀正しさと礼節を最高度に保っているが、儀式については全く知らない。

They have no fondness for their colts or foals, but the care they take in educating them proceeds entirely from the dictates of reason.

have no fondness for (可愛がらない) [動] not like very much

彼らは子馬や仔馬を可愛がることはなく、彼らを教育する上での注意は、すべて理性の命令から生じている。

And I observed my master to show the same affection to his neighbor’s issue that he had for his own.

そして、私の主人が隣人の子供に対しても自分の子供と同じ愛情を示しているのを観察した。

They will have it that nature teaches them to love the whole species, and it is reason only that makes a distinction of persons, where there is a superior degree of virtue.

have it that (信じる) [動] believe or maintain that

彼らは、自然が種全体を愛することを教えてくれると信じており、徳の優れた度合いがあるところでは、理性だけが人の区別をする。

When the matron Houyhnhnms have produced one of each sex, they no longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens;

matron (婦人) [名] a married woman, especially one who has children

consort (配偶者) [名] a husband or wife, considered in relation to their spouse

casualty (事故) [名] an unfortunate event that happens by chance or that is without apparent or deliberate cause

フウイヌムの婦人がそれぞれ一匹ずつ子供を産むと、めったに起こらないことだが、何かの事故で子供を失った場合を除いて、もう配偶者と交わることはなく、

but in such a case they meet again;

in such a case (そのような場合には) [副] in that case; if that happens

そのような場合には再び会う。

or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own colts, and then go together again until the mother is pregnant.

befall (起こる) [動] happen to

past bearing (産めなくなった) [形] no longer able to produce children

some other (他の) [限] some additional or different

bestow (譲る) [動] confer or present as a gift

go together (一緒に暮らす) [動] be in a relationship

あるいは、妻が産めなくなった人に同じような事故が起こった場合、他の夫婦が自分の子馬を1頭譲り、母親が妊娠するまで再び一緒に暮らす。

This caution is necessary to prevent the country from being overburdened with numbers.

overburden (過密になる) [動] load with too great a burden

この注意は、国が過密にならないようにするために必要である。

But the race of inferior Houyhnhnms bred up to be servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article;

inferior (劣等な) [形] of low quality or value

limit (制限する) [動] to restrict the size or extent of

しかし、召使として育てられる劣等なフウイヌムの種族は、この点についてはそれほど厳しく制限されていない。

these are allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble families.

これらは、貴族の家庭で家事使用人になるために、各性別につき3人まで産むことが許されている。

In their marriages, they are exactly careful to choose such colors as will not make any disagreeable mixture in the breed.

mixture (混血) [名] a combination of two or more things

彼らは結婚に際しては、子孫に不快な混血が生じないような色を選ぶよう細心の注意を払っている。

Strength is chiefly valued in the male, and comeliness in the female, not upon the account of love, but to preserve the race from degenerating;

male (雄) [名] a member of the sex that produces small, typically motile gametes, especially spermatozoa, with which a female may be fertilized or inseminated to produce offspring

comeliness (美貌) [名] the quality of being attractive or pleasing to the eye

雄では強さが、雌では美貌が主に重視されるが、それは愛のためではなく、種族が退化しないようにするためである。

for where a female happens to excel in strength, a consort is chosen with regard to comeliness.

雌がたまたま強さに優れている場合には、美貌を重視して配偶者を選ぶ。

Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements, have no place in their thoughts;

courtship (求愛) [名] the act of wooing

jointure (婚姻財産) [名] a joint tenancy of property by a husband and wife

settlement (結婚生活) [名] the act of settling

求愛、恋愛、贈り物、婚姻財産、結婚生活は彼らの考えの中にはない。

or terms whereby to express them in their language.

あるいは、彼らの言語でそれを表現する言葉もない。

The young couple meet, and are joined, merely because it is the determination of their parents and friends;

merely (単に) [副] only; simply

若いカップルは、単に両親や友人の決断で出会い、結ばれる。

it is what they see done every day, and they look upon it as one of the necessary actions of a reasonable being.

reasonable (理性的な) [形] having or showing reason or sound judgment

それは彼らが毎日目にしていることであり、彼らはそれを理性的な存在の必要な行動の一つと見なしている。

But the violation of marriage, or any other unchastity, was never heard of, and the married pair pass their lives with the same friendship and mutual benevolence that they bear to all others of the same species who come in their way;

violation (侵害) [名] the act of breaking or failing to comply with a law, agreement, or other formal requirement

unchastity (不貞) [名] the quality of being unchaste

hear of (聞いたことがない) [動] be informed of

mutual (相互の) [形] having the same relationship to each other

しかし、結婚の侵害やその他の不貞行為は聞いたことがなく、夫婦は、道を歩む同じ種の他のすべての人々に対して抱くものと同じ友情と相互の慈悲をもって人生を過ごす。

without jealousy, fondness, quarreling, or discontent.

jealousy (嫉妬) [名] a feeling of resentment against someone because of that person's rivalry, success, or advantages

fondness (愛情) [名] a strong feeling of affection

quarreling (喧嘩) [名] an angry argument or disagreement

嫉妬、愛情、喧嘩、不満などはない。

In educating the youth of both sexes, their method is admirable, and highly deserves our imitation.

admirable (賞賛に値する) [形] worthy of admiration

両性の若者を教育するにあたって、彼らの方法は賞賛に値し、我々が真似するに値する。

These are not suffered to taste a grain of oats, except upon certain days, till eighteen years old;

taste (味わう) [動] experience the flavor of

これらは、十八歳になるまで、ある日を除いて、一粒のオート麦を味わうことを許されない。

nor milk, but very rarely; and in summer they graze two hours in the morning, and as long in the evening, which their parents likewise observe;

牛乳もごくまれにしか飲まない。夏には朝と夕方に二時間ずつ放牧されるが、親も同じようにそれを見守っている。

but the servants are not allowed above half that time, and a great part of their grass is brought home, which they eat at the most convenient hours, when they can be best spared from work.

allow (与える) [動] give or make available

bring (持ち帰る) [動] take or carry with oneself

しかし、召使はその半分以上の時間を与えられることはなく、草の大部分は家に持ち帰られ、仕事から最も解放される都合の良い時間に食べる。

Temperance, industry, exercise, and cleanliness, are the lessons equally enjoined to the young ones of both sexes;

equally (等しく) [副] in the same way or to the same degree

enjoin (課する) [動] order or command someone to do something

節制、勤勉、運動、清潔は、両性の若者に等しく課せられた教訓である。

and my master thought it monstrous in us to give the females a different kind of education from the males, except in some articles of domestic management;

domestic management (家事管理) [名] the management of a household

私の主人は、家事管理の一部を除いて、女性に男性とは異なる教育を施すことは、私たちにとって異常なことだと考えておられた。

whereby, as he truly observed, one half of our natives were good for nothing but bringing children into the world.

one half (半分) [名] one of two equal parts

good for nothing (何の役にも立たない) [形] useless

彼が正しく観察したように、それによって私たちの国民の半分は子供を産む以外には何の役にも立たない。

And to trust the care of our children to such useless animals, he said, was yet a greater instance of brutality.

そして、そのような役立たずの動物に子供の世話を任せることは、さらに残酷な例だと彼は言った。

But the Houyhnhnms train up their youth to strength, speed, and hardiness, by exercising them in running races up and down steep hills, and over hard stony grounds;

train up (育てる) [動] to teach and develop the skills of

hardiness (丈夫さ) [名] the ability to endure difficult conditions

steep (急な) [形] having a sharp or almost vertical slope

しかし、フウイヌムは、急な丘を登ったり下ったり、硬い石だらけの地面を走る競走をすることで、若者を強く、速く、丈夫に育てる。

and when they are all in a sweat they are ordered to leap over head and ears into a pond or river.

sweat (汗) [名] the liquid that comes out of your skin when you are hot

pond (池) [名] a small body of still water

そして、汗だくになったら、頭から池や川に飛び込むように命じられる。

Four times a year the youth of a certain district meet to show their proficiency in running and leaping, and other feats of strength and agility, where the victor is rewarded with a song in his or her praise.

four times (4回) [名] four occurrences

proficiency (熟練度) [名] the quality or state of being proficient

running (走る) [動] move at a speed faster than a walk

leaping (跳ぶ) [動] jump or spring a long way

victor (勝者) [名] a person who defeats an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition

song (歌) [名] a short poem or other set of words set to music or meant to be sung

年に4回、ある地区の若者が集まって、走ったり跳んだり、その他の力や敏捷性を競い合い、勝者には賞賛の歌が贈られる。

On this festival the servants drive a herd of _yahoos_ into the field, laden with hay, and oats, and milk, for a repast to the Houyhnhnms;

on this festival (この祭りでは) [名] a day or period of celebration, typically for religious reasons

laden (積んだ) [形] carrying a load

repast (食事) [名] a meal

この祭りでは、召使たちが干し草、麦、牛乳を積んだヤフーの群れを野原に追い立て、フウイヌムの食事にする。

after which these brutes are immediately driven back again, for fear of being noisome to the assembly.

drive back (追い立てる) [動] force to retreat or withdraw

noisome (騒がしい) [形] harmful or injurious to health or morals

その後、この野蛮な動物たちは、集会を騒がしくする恐れがあるので、すぐにまた追い立てられる。

Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is a representative council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles from our house, and continues about five or six days.

every fourth year (4年に一度) [名] once every four years

vernal equinox (春分の日) [名] the day on which the sun is directly above the equator

representative council (代表者会議) [名] a group of people who represent a larger group

meet (開かれる) [動] come together for a purpose

plain (平原) [名] a large area of flat land with only a few trees on it

4年に一度、春分の日には、全国の代表者会議が開かれ、私の家から約20マイル離れた平原で開催され、5、6日間続く。

Here they inquire into the state and condition of the several districts;

inquire into (調査する) [動] to ask about or investigate

ここでは、各地区の状況や状態を調査する。

whether they abound or be deficient in hay, or oats, or cows, or _yahoos_; and wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately supplied by unanimous consent and contribution.

be deficient in (不足している) [動] be lacking in

unanimous (全会一致の) [形] being of one mind; agreeing

contribution (寄付) [名] the act of giving or contributing

干し草、麦、牛、ヤフーなどが豊富にあるか不足しているかを調べ、不足しているところがあれば(めったにないことだが)、全会一致の同意と寄付によってすぐに補充される。

Here likewise the regulation of children is settled;

ここでは、子供の規制も決まっている。

as for instance, if a Houyhnhnm has two males, he changes one of them with another that has two females;

例えば、フウイヌムがオスを2頭持っている場合、そのうちの1頭をメスを2頭持っている別のフウイヌムと交換する。

and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the mother is past breeding, it is determined what family shall breed another to supply the loss.

lose (亡くなる) [動] die

past (過ぎている) [形] no longer existing or happening

breeding (繁殖期) [名] the production of offspring

また、母親が繁殖期を過ぎている場合に、子供が何らかの事故で亡くなった場合、どの家族が別の子供を産んでその損失を補うかが決定される。

CHAPTER IX

第九章

A GRAND DEBATE AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS, AND HOW IT WAS DETERMINED—THE LEARNING OF THE HOUYHNHNMS—THEIR BUILDINGS—THEIR MANNER OF BURIALS—THE DEFECTIVENESS OF THEIR LANGUAGE.

A GRAND DEBATE (大討論) [名] a formal discussion on a particular topic in a public meeting or legislative assembly, in which opposing arguments are put forward

AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY (総会で) [名] the highest deliberative body of an organization

OF THE HOUYHNHNMS (フウイヌムの) [名] a fictional race of intelligent horses described in the 1726 satirical novel Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift

AND HOW IT WAS DETERMINED (とその決定方法) [名] the way in which something is decided or settled

THE LEARNING OF THE HOUYHNHNMS (フウイヌムの学習) [名] the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught

THEIR BUILDINGS (彼らの建物) [名] a structure with a roof and walls, such as a house or factory

THEIR MANNER OF BURIALS (彼らの埋葬方法) [名] the act or ceremony of burying a dead body

THE DEFECTIVENESS OF THEIR LANGUAGE (彼らの言語の欠陥) [名] a fault or imperfection in something

フウイヌム総会での大討論とその決定方法フウイヌムの学習彼らの建物彼らの埋葬方法彼らの言語の欠陥

One of these grand assemblies was held in my time, about three months before my departure, whither my master went as the representative of our district.

grand (大) [形] large or impressive in size, extent, or importance

hold (開かれる) [動] take place; be held

whither (出席する) [副] to what place; to which place

私が出発する3ヶ月ほど前に、この大集会の一つが開かれ、私の主人は私たちの地区の代表として出席した。

In this council was resumed their old debate, and indeed the only debate that ever happened in that country;

resume (再開する) [動] begin again

この会議では、彼らの古い議論が再開され、実際、この国で起こった唯一の議論となった。

whereof my master, after his return, gave me a very particular account.

主人は帰国後、そのことについて非常に詳細に説明してくれた。

The question to be debated was, whether the _yahoos_ should be exterminated from the face of the earth.

be exterminated (根絶やしにされる) [動] destroy completely

議論されるべき問題は、ヤフーを地球上から根絶やしにすべきかどうかということだった。

One of the members for the affirmative offered several arguments of great strength and weight, alleging that as the _yahoos_ were the most filthy, noisome, and deformed animal which nature ever produced, so they were the most restive and indocile, mischievous and malicious;

affirmative (肯定派) [名] a person who affirms something

weight (重みのある) [名] the amount of heaviness of a person or thing

indocile (従順でない) [形] not willing to be taught or led

肯定派の一人は、ヤフーは自然界が生み出した最も不潔で、騒がしく、醜い動物であり、最も落ち着きがなく、従順でなく、いたずら好きで、悪意に満ちているとして、非常に強力で重みのある議論をいくつか提示した。

they would privately suck the teats of the Houyhnhnms’ cows, kill and devour their cats, trample down their oats and grass, if they were not continually watched, and commit a thousand other extravagancies.

teat (乳首) [名] the protuberance on the breast or udder of a female mammal from which milk is secreted

commit (働く) [動] perform or carry out

extravagancy (乱暴) [名] the quality of being extravagant

彼らは、常に監視されていなければ、フウイヌムの牛の乳首をこっそり吸い、猫を殺して食べ、麦や草を踏みつけ、その他にも数え切れないほどの乱暴を働く。

He took notice of a general tradition that _yahoos_ had not been always in that country;

take notice of (注目する) [動] to pay attention to

彼は、ヤフーは常にこの国にいたわけではないという一般的な伝承に注目した。

but that, many ages ago, two of these brutes appeared together upon a mountain, whether produced by the heat of the sun upon corrupted mud and slime, or from the ooze and froth of the sea, was never known.

many ages ago (何世代も前に) [副] a long time ago

whether (不明である) [接] used to introduce a question

slime (ぬかるみ) [名] a moist, sticky, slippery substance

ooze (泥) [名] a soft, sticky, wet substance

froth (泡) [名] a mass of small bubbles formed on or in a liquid

しかし、何世代も前に、この野蛮な動物が二匹、山の上に一緒に現れたが、腐った泥やぬかるみに太陽の熱が当たって生まれたのか、海の泥や泡から生まれたのかは不明である。

That these _yahoos_ engendered, and their brood, in a short time, grew so numerous as to overrun and infest the whole nation.

engendered (繁殖する) [動] cause to exist or develop

brood (子孫) [名] a family of young animals

short time (短期間で) [名] a small period of time

overrun (蔓延る) [動] spread or swarm over

infest (蔓延る) [動] spread or swarm over

このヤフーは繁殖し、その子孫は短期間で非常に数が増え、国中に蔓延るようになった。

That the Houyhnhnms, to get rid of this evil, made a general hunting, and at last inclosed the whole herd;

get rid of (取り除く) [動] to free oneself of

hunting (狩り) [名] the sport or activity of hunting animals or birds

inclose (囲い込む) [動] to shut in or confine

フウイヌムはこの害悪を取り除くために、大々的な狩りを行い、ついに群れ全体を囲い込んだ。

and destroying the elder, every Houyhnhnm kept two young ones in a kennel, and brought them to such a degree of tameness, as an animal so savage by nature can be capable of acquiring;

tameness (飼いならすこと) [名] the quality or state of being tame

年長のものを殺し、フウイヌムはそれぞれ二匹の若いヤフーを犬小屋に入れて飼い、生まれつき野蛮な動物が身につけうる程度にまで飼いならした。

using them for draught and carriage.

draught (荷車) [名] a vehicle that is pulled by an animal

それを荷車や馬車に利用した。

That there seemed to be much truth in this tradition, and that those creatures could not be _ylnhniamshy_ (or aborigines of the land), because of the violent hatred the Houyhnhnms, as well as all other animals, bore them, which, although their evil disposition sufficiently deserved, could never have arrived at so high a degree, if they had been aborigines;

bear (憎む) [動] feel intense dislike for

この伝説には真実がかなりあるらしく、また、この生き物はイルンニアムシ(つまりこの国の原住民)ではありえない、なぜなら、フウイヌムも他の動物も、この生き物を激しく憎んでいるからで、この生き物の邪悪な性質は十分に憎しみに値するとはいえ、もし原住民であったら、これほど激しい憎しみにはならなかっただろう。

or else they would have long since been rooted out.

long since (とっくに) [副] a long time ago

root out (根絶やしにする) [動] to destroy or get rid of something completely

さもなければ、とっくに根絶やしにされていただろう。

That the inhabitants, taking a fancy to use the service of the _yahoos_, had very imprudently neglected to cultivate the breed of asses, which are a comely animal, easily kept, more tame and orderly, without any offensive smell;

take a fancy to (好むようになる) [動] develop a liking for

imprudently (軽率に) [副] without care for the consequences of an action; rashly

tame (従順な) [形] not wild or dangerous

住民はヤフーをこき使うことを好むようになって、ロバの飼育を非常に軽率に怠ってしまったが、ロバは愛すべき動物で、飼いやすく、もっと従順で、行儀がよく、嫌な臭いもしない。

strong enough for labor, although they yield to the other in agility of body;

労働には十分強く、身体の敏捷さではヤフーに劣るものの、

and if their braying be no agreeable sound, it is far preferable to the horrible howlings of the _yahoos_.

braying (鳴き声) [名] the sound made by a donkey

agreeable (耳障り) [形] pleasant to the ear

howling (咆哮) [名] a loud, long, mournful cry

鳴き声は耳障りだが、ヤフーの恐ろしい咆哮よりはずっとましだ。

Several others declared their sentiments to the same purpose, when my master proposed an expedient to the assembly, whereof he had indeed borrowed the hint from me.

declare (述べる) [動] make a statement about something

hint (ヒント) [名] a small piece of information that helps you to find out or do something

他の何人かも同じ趣旨の意見を述べたが、その時私の主人が、実は私からヒントを得た一計を議会に提案した。

He approved of the tradition mentioned by the honorable member who spoke before, and affirmed, that the two _yahoos_ said to be first seen among them had been driven thither over the sea;

before (先に) [副] earlier; previously

彼は、先に話した名誉ある議員が述べた伝承を認め、彼らの間に最初に現れたと言われる二匹のヤフーは海を越えてそこに追いやられたのだと断言した。

that coming to land, and being forsaken by their companions, they retired to the mountains, and degenerating by degrees, became in process of time much more savage than those of their own species in the country whence these two originals came.

come to land (陸に着く) [動] arrive at the shore

be forsaken (見捨てられる) [動] be abandoned or deserted

retire (隠れる) [動] withdraw from active life

in process of time (時が経つにつれて) [副] as time passes

much more (ずっと) [副] to a much greater extent

whence (来た) [副] from where

陸に着いて仲間に見捨てられたので、山に隠れ、次第に退化して、時が経つにつれて、この二匹の元祖が来た国にいる同種のヤフーよりもずっと野蛮になった。

The reason of his assertion was, that he had now in his possession a certain wonderful _yahoo_ (meaning myself), which most of them had heard of, and many of them had seen.

assertion (断言) [名] a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief

possession (所有) [名] the state of having, owning, or controlling something

彼がそう断言する理由は、彼が今、彼らのほとんどが聞いたことがあり、多くが見たことがある、ある素晴らしいヤフー(私のこと)を所有しているからだった。

He then related to them how he first found me;

それから彼は、私を最初に見つけた時のことを話した。

that my body was all covered with an artificial composure of the skins and hairs of other animals;

私の体は他の動物の皮や毛で人工的に覆われていること。

that I had a language of my own, and had thoroughly learned theirs;

have a language (言語がある) [動] to have a language

of my own (私自身の) [形] belonging to or connected with the speaker

私には私自身の言語があり、彼らの言語を完全に習得したこと。

that I had related to him the accidents which brought me thither;

私がここに来た経緯を彼に話したこと。

that when he saw me without my covering, I was an exact _yahoo_ in every part, only of a whiter color, less hairy, and with shorter claws.

hairy (毛深い) [形] having a lot of hair

私が服を着ていないところを見たとき、私はあらゆる点でヤフーそっくりだったが、ただ色が白く、毛が少なく、爪が短かったということ。

He added how I had endeavored to persuade him, that in my own and other countries the _yahoos_ acted as the governing, rational animal, and held the Houyhnhnms in servitude;

act (振る舞う) [動] behave in a particular manner

彼は、私が自分の国や他の国ではヤフーは支配的で理性的な動物として振る舞い、フウイヌムを奴隷にしていることを彼に説得しようと努力したことを付け加えた。

that he observed in me all the qualities of a _yahoo_, only a little more civilized by some tincture of reason, which, however, was in a degree as far inferior to the Houyhnhnm race, as the _yahoos_ of their country were to me.

彼は私の中にヤフーのすべての性質を観察したが、ただ理性の色合いによって少しばかり文明化されているだけで、しかし、この国のヤフーが私より劣っているように、フウイヌム種族よりはるかに劣っているということだった。

That among other things I mentioned a custom we had of preventing Houyhnhnms from propagating their kind;

among other things (とりわけ) [副] in addition to other things

propagate (繁殖する) [動] to cause to increase or spread

とりわけ、私がフウイヌムが繁殖するのを防ぐ習慣があることを述べたということ。

that it was no shame to learn wisdom from brutes, as industry is taught by the ant, and building by the swallow (for so I translate the word _lyhannh_, although it be a much larger fowl); that this invention might be practiced upon the younger _yahoos_ here, which would in an age put an end to the whole species, without destroying life.

swallow (ツバメ) [名] a small migratory bird with a forked tail

younger (若い) [形] having lived or existed for only a short time

勤勉はアリから、建築はツバメ(もっと大きな鳥だが、私はリハンという語をこう訳す)から学ぶように、獣から知恵を学ぶのは恥ずかしいことではない、この発明はここの若いヤフーに実践できるかもしれない、そうすれば命を奪うことなく、一世代で全種族を終わらせることができるだろうということだった。

That in the meantime the Houyhnhnms should be exhorted to cultivate the breed of asses, which as they are in all respects more valuable brutes, so they have this advantage, to be fit for service at five years old, which the others are not till twelve.

exhort (奨励する) [動] strongly encourage or urge

asses (ロバ) [名] a domesticated equine mammal

in all respects (あらゆる点で) [副] in every way

have this advantage (利点がある) [動] be in a favorable position

at five years old (五歳で) [副] at the age of five

the others (他の動物) [名] the other animals

till twelve (十二歳まで) [副] until the age of twelve

その間にフウイヌムにはロバの繁殖を奨励すべきで、ロバはあらゆる点でより価値のある動物であり、五歳で役に立つという利点があるが、他の動物は十二歳まで役に立たないということだった。

This was all my master thought fit to tell me at that time, of what passed in the grand council.

think fit (適当だと思う) [動] to be of the right shape, size, or quality

grand council (大評議会) [名] a large group of people who meet to discuss and decide on important matters

これが、主人がその時私に話すのに適当だと思った、大評議会で起こったことのすべてだった。

But he was pleased to conceal one particular, which related personally to myself, whereof I soon felt the unhappy effect, as the reader will know in its proper place, and whence I date all the succeeding misfortunes of my life.

proper (しかるべき) [形] appropriate

date (由来する) [動] have its origins in

しかし、主人は私個人に関係のあるある事柄を隠そうとしており、その不幸な結果を私はすぐに感じた、読者はしかるべきところで知ることになるだろうが、私は自分の人生のその後の不幸をすべてこのことに由来すると思っている。

The Houyhnhnms have no letters, and consequently their knowledge is all traditional.

traditional (伝承による) [形] handed down by tradition

フウイヌムには文字がなく、したがって彼らの知識はすべて伝承によるものである。

But there happening few events of any moment among a people so well united, naturally disposed of every virtue, wholly governed by reason, and cut off from all commerce with other nations, the historical part is easily preserved without burdening their memories.

unite (まとまる) [動] join or combine

dispose (備える) [動] arrange or place

wholly (のみ) [副] completely or entirely

しかし、これほどよくまとまり、あらゆる美徳を備え、理性によってのみ支配され、他の国々との交渉を一切断っている国民の間には、重要な出来事がほとんど起こらないので、歴史的な部分は記憶に負担をかけることなく簡単に保存できる。

I have already observed that they are subject to no diseases, and therefore can have no need of physicians.

subject to (かからない) [形] likely to be affected by

彼らは病気にかからないことはすでに述べたので、医者を必要としない。

However, they have excellent medicines, composed of herbs, to cure accidental bruises and cuts in the pastern or frog of the foot, by sharp stones, as well as other maims and hurts in the several parts of the body.

compose (作る) [動] make up; constitute

cut (切り傷) [名] a wound made by a sharp edge

frog (蹄叉) [名] a triangular elastic pad in the sole of a horse's hoof

maim (傷害) [名] a serious and permanent injury

hurt (傷) [名] physical injury or pain

しかし、彼らは、鋭い石で足の球節や蹄叉を誤って打撲したり切ったりした傷や、体の各部に負った他の傷害を治すための、薬草から作った優れた薬を持っている。

They calculate the year by the revolution of the sun and the moon, but use no subdivisions into weeks.

revolution (公転) [名] the orbiting of one body around another

彼らは太陽と月の公転によって年を計算するが、週に細分化することはしない。

They are well enough acquainted with the motions of those two luminaries, and understand the nature of eclipses;

be well enough acquainted with (よく知っている) [動] know someone or something well

luminary (発光体) [名] a person who inspires or influences others

彼らは、この二つの発光体の動きをよく知っており、日食や月食の性質を理解している。

and this is the utmost progress of their astronomy.

これが彼らの天文学の最大の進歩である。

In poetry, they must be allowed to excel all other mortals;

詩においては、彼らは他のすべての人間に優れていると認めざるを得ない。

wherein the justness of their similes, and the minuteness as well as exactness of their descriptions, are indeed inimitable.

justness (正確さ) [名] the quality of being just or fair

simile (比喩) [名] a figure of speech that compares two things that are not alike

minuteness (細かさ) [名] the quality of being very small or detailed

inimitable (真似のできない) [形] too good to be imitated

彼らの比喩の正確さ、描写の正確さ、細かさは、まさに真似のできないものである。

Their verses abound very much in both of these, and usually contain either some exalted notions of friendship and benevolence, or the praises of those who were victors in races and other bodily exercises.

abound (富む) [動] be plentiful or extremely rich in

彼らの詩は、この二つに非常に富んでおり、通常、友情や慈悲に関する高尚な考えや、競走やその他の身体運動で勝利を収めた人々への賛辞が含まれている。

Their buildings, although very rude and simple, are not inconvenient but well contrived to defend them from all injuries of cold and heat.

rude (粗末な) [形] lacking refinement or good manners

inconvenient (不便な) [形] causing trouble, difficulty, or discomfort

彼らの建物は、非常に粗末で単純ではあるが、不便ではなく、寒さや暑さのあらゆる害から身を守るためによく工夫されている。

They have a kind of tree, which at forty years old loosens in the root, and falls with the first storm;

forty years old (四十歳) [名] the age of a person who has lived for forty years

loosen (緩む) [動] make or become loose

彼らには、四十歳になると根が緩み、最初の嵐で倒れる木がある。

they grow very straight, and being pointed like stakes with a sharp stone (for the Houyhnhnms know not the use of iron), they stick them erect in the ground, about ten inches asunder, and then weave in oat-straw, or sometimes wattles between them.

stick (刺す) [動] push a sharp or pointed object into or through

asunder (離れて) [副] apart

oat (麦) [名] a cereal plant widely cultivated in cool climates especially for its seed

wattle (編み込む) [動] form by interlacing twigs or branches

彼らは非常にまっすぐに成長し、鋭い石で杭のように尖らせ(フウイヌムは鉄の使い方を知らないため)、約10インチ離して地面に直立させ、それから麦わらを編み込んだり、時にはそれらの間に編み込んだりする。

The roof is made after the same manner, and so are the doors.

屋根も同じように作られ、ドアも同様である。

The Houyhnhnms use the hollow part between the pastern and the hoof of the forefoot, as we do our hands, and this with greater dexterity than I could at first imagine.

hollow (くぼんだ) [形] having a hole or empty space inside

フウイヌムは、私たちが手を使うように、前足の球節と蹄の間のくぼんだ部分を使い、これは私が最初に想像したよりもずっと器用に使う。

I have seen a white mare of our family thread a needle (which I lent her on purpose) with that joint.

私は、私たちの家族の白い雌馬がその関節で針(私がわざと貸した)に糸を通すのを見たことがある。

They milk their cows, reap their oats, and do all the work which requires hands, in the same manner.

milk (搾る) [動] to draw or extract milk from

彼らは牛の乳を搾り、麦を刈り取り、手を使う必要のあるすべての仕事を同じように行う。

They have a kind of hard flints, which by grinding against other stones, they form into instruments, that serve instead of wedges, axes, and hammers.

wedge (くさび) [名] a piece of wood, metal, or other material having one thick end and tapering to a thin edge, that is driven between two objects or parts of an object to secure or separate them

axe (斧) [名] a tool with a heavy bladed head attached to a handle, used for chopping or splitting wood

hammer (ハンマー) [名] a tool with a heavy metal head mounted at right angles at the end of a handle, used for jobs such as breaking things and driving in nails

彼らは一種の硬い火打ち石を持っていて、それを他の石で研ぐことで、くさび、斧、ハンマーの代わりになる道具に加工する。

With tools made of these flints, they likewise cut their hay, and reap their oats, which there grow naturally in several fields;

cut (刈る) [動] divide with a sharp-edged tool

彼らはまた、これらの火打ち石で作った道具で干し草を刈り、麦を刈り取るが、麦はそこのいくつかの畑で自然に生えている。

the _yahoos_ draw home the sheaves in carriages, and the servants tread them in certain covered huts to get out the grain, which is kept in stores.

ヤフーは束を馬車で家まで運び、召使はそれを屋根のある小屋で踏みつけて穀物を取り出し、それを貯蔵庫に保管する。

They make a rude kind of earthen and wooden vessels, and bake the former in the sun.

bake (焼く) [動] cook by dry heat in an oven

彼らは粗末な土器や木製の器を作り、前者は天日で焼く。

If they can avoid casualties, they die only of old age, and are buried in the obscurest places that can be found, their friends and relations expressing neither joy nor grief at their departure;

casualty (事故死) [名] a person killed or injured in a war or accident

old age (老衰) [名] the state of being old

obscure (人目につかない) [形] not well known

彼らが事故死を避けることができれば、老衰で死ぬだけで、見つけられる限り最も人目につかない場所に埋葬され、友人や親戚は彼らの死に喜びも悲しみも表さない。

nor does the dying person discover the least regret that he is leaving the world, any more than if he were upon returning home from a visit to one of his neighbors.

死にゆく者も、隣人の家を訪ねて帰宅する時と同様、この世を去ることについて少しも後悔の念を抱かない。

I remember my master having once made an appointment with a friend and his family to come to his house, upon some affair of importance: on the day fixed, the mistress and her two children came very late;

make an appointment (約束する) [動] arrange a meeting or other event for a particular time

importance (重要) [名] the quality or state of being important

late (遅れて) [副] after the usual or expected time

私の主人が、ある重要な用件で友人とその家族を自宅に招待したことがあったのを覚えている。決められた日に、奥さんと二人の子供がとても遅れて来た。

she made two excuses, first for her husband, who, as she said, happened that very morning to _shnuwnh_.

make excuse (言い訳をする) [動] to offer an explanation for something that you have done or not done

that very morning (その朝) [名] the morning of the same day

shnuwnh (シュヌン) [名] a word used to describe the act of urinating

彼女は二つの言い訳をした。まず夫については、彼女が言うには、その朝たまたまシュヌンしてしまったということだった。

The word is strongly expressive in their language, but not easily rendered into English; it signifies, “to retire to his first mother.”

strongly (非常に) [副] to a great extent or degree

expressive (表現力豊か) [形] able to express something well

この言葉は彼らの言葉では非常に表現力豊かだが、英語に訳すのは簡単ではない。「最初の母親のもとへ引退する」という意味である。

Her excuse for not coming sooner, was, that her husband dying late in the morning, she was a good while consulting her servants about a convenient place where his body should be laid;

sooner (もっと早く) [副] earlier

彼女がもっと早く来なかった言い訳は、夫が朝遅くに亡くなったので、遺体を置く都合の良い場所について召使と相談していたということだった。

and I observed she behaved herself at our house as cheerfully as the rest;

cheerfully (陽気に) [副] in a cheerful manner

そして、彼女が我が家で他の人と同じように陽気に振る舞っているのを私は観察した。

she died about three months after.

彼女は約三ヶ月後に亡くなった。

They live generally to seventy or seventy-five years, very seldom to fourscore;

seventy-five (七十五) [名] the cardinal number that is the product of seven and fifteen

very seldom (めったにない) [副] not often; rarely

fourscore (八十) [名] the cardinal number that is the product of eight and ten

彼らは普通七十歳か七十五歳まで生き、八十歳まで生きることはめったにない。

some weeks before their death, they feel a gradual decay, but without pain.

some weeks (数週間) [名] a period of seven days

gradual (徐々に) [形] taking place or changing slowly

decay (衰弱) [名] the state or process of rotting or decomposition

死ぬ数週間前に、彼らは徐々に衰弱を感じるが、痛みはない。

During this time they are much visited by their friends, because they cannot go abroad with their usual ease and satisfaction.

during this time (この時期には) [名] at this time

この時期には、彼らはいつものように楽に満足して外出できないので、友人たちがよく訪ねてくる。

However, about ten days before their death, which they seldom fail in computing, they return the visits that have been made them by those who are nearest in the neighborhood, being carried in a convenient sledge drawn by _yahoos_, which vehicle they use, not only upon this occasion, but when they grow old, upon long journeys, or when they are lamed by an accident;

about ten days (約十日) [名] a period of ten days

computing (計算) [名] the use of a computer to process data

grow old (年をとる) [動] become old

しかし、死の約十日前になると、彼らは計算を間違えることはめったにないが、近所の最も近い人たちの訪問に応え、ヤフーによって引かれる便利なそりに乗って運ばれるが、この乗り物は、この機会だけでなく、年をとったとき、長旅のとき、あるいは事故で足が不自由になったときにも使う。

and therefore, when the dying Houyhnhnms return those visits, they take a solemn leave of their friends, as if they were going to some remote part of the country where they designed to pass the rest of their lives.

dying (死にゆく) [形] about to die

take leave (別れを告げる) [動] say goodbye

そのため、死にゆくフウイヌムがこれらの訪問に応えるとき、彼らはまるで残りの人生を過ごそうと決めた国の遠隔地に行くかのように、友人たちに厳粛な別れを告げる。

I know not whether it may be worth observing that the Houyhnhnms have no word in their language to express anything that is evil, except what they borrow from the deformities or ill qualities of the _yahoos_.

フウイヌムの言語には、ヤフーの奇形や悪質な性質から借用したものを除いて、悪を表現する言葉がないことは注目に値するかどうかはわからない。

Thus, they denote the folly of a servant, an omission of a child, a stone that cuts their feet, a continuance of foul or unseasonable weather, and the like, by adding to each the epithet of _yahoo_.

denote (表す) [動] be a sign of; indicate

omission (怠慢) [名] the action of leaving something out or not including it

foul (悪天候) [形] causing disgust or hatred

unseasonable (季節外れ) [形] not typical of the time of year

epithet (形容詞) [名] an adjective or phrase expressing a quality or attribute regarded as characteristic of the person or thing mentioned

このように、彼らは召使の愚行、子供の怠慢、足を切る石、悪天候や季節外れの天候の継続などを、それぞれにヤフーの形容詞を加えることによって表す。

For instance, _hhnm yahoo_, _whnaholm yahoo_, _ynlhmndwihlma yahoo_, and an ill-contrived house, _ynholmhnmrohlnw yahoo_.

ill-contrived (悪意のある) [形] badly planned or made

例えば、hhnm yahoo、whnaholm yahoo、ynlhmndwihlma yahoo、そして悪意のある家、ynholmhnmrohlnw yahoo。

I could, with great pleasure, enlarge farther upon the manners and virtues of this excellent people;

with great pleasure (喜んで) [副] very willingly

私はこの優れた人々のマナーや美徳について、喜んでもっと詳しく述べることができる。

but intending in a short time to publish a volume by itself, expressly upon that subject, I refer the reader thither;

by itself (それ自体で) [副] without help or assistance

expressly (明確に) [副] in a clear and definite way

subject (テーマ) [名] the topic of a discussion or conversation

refer (参照する) [動] direct or send someone or something to a particular person or place

しかし、そのテーマについて明確に書かれた一冊の本を近々出版するつもりなので、読者にはそちらを参照していただく。

and, in the meantime, proceed to relate my own sad catastrophe.

in the meantime (それまでは) [副] in the intervening period of time

sad (悲しい) [形] unhappy or mournful

そして、それまでは、私自身の悲しい大惨事について語ることにする。

CHAPTER X

第十章

THE AUTHOR’S ECONOMY AND HAPPY LIFE AMONG THE HOUYHNHNMS—HIS GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN VIRTUE BY CONVERSING WITH THEM—THEIR CONVERSATIONS—THE AUTHOR HAS NOTICE GIVEN HIM BY HIS MASTER THAT HE MUST DEPART FROM THE COUNTRY—HE FALLS INTO A SWOON FOR GRIEF, BUT SUBMITS—HE CONTRIVES AND FINISHES A CANOE BY THE HELP OF A FELLOW SERVANT, AND PUTS TO SEA AT A VENTURE.

economy (経済) [名] the wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services

notice (告げられる) [名] information or a warning that something is going to happen or has happened

swoon (気絶する) [動] faint

contrive (完成させる) [動] plan or achieve by a skilful or ingenious method

著者の経済とフウイヌムたちの間の幸福な生活—彼らと会話することで著者の美徳が大きく向上—彼らの会話—著者は主人から国を去らなければならないと告げられる—悲しみで気絶するが、従う—仲間の召使の助けを借りてカヌーを完成させ、冒険の海に出る。

I had settled my little economy to my own heart’s content.

heart's content (心の満足) [名] the state of being happy and satisfied

私は自分の小さな経済を自分の心の満足のいくように解決していた。

My master had ordered a room to be made for me, after their manner, about six yards from the house, the sides and floors of which I plastered with clay, and covered with rush mats of my own contriving;

clay (粘土) [名] a sticky fine-grained earth, typically yellow, red, or grey in colour, that is used for making bricks, pottery, and other objects

rush mat (イグサの敷物) [名] a mat made from the stems of a rush plant

私の主人は、彼らのやり方で、家から約六ヤード離れたところに私のために部屋を作るように命じ、その側面と床を私は粘土で塗り、自分で工夫したイグサの敷物で覆った。

I had beaten hemp, which there grows wild, and made of it a sort of ticking;

hemp (麻) [名] a plant that is used to make a strong fiber

私はそこで自生している麻を叩いて、一種の布団地を作った。

this I filled with the feathers of several birds I had taken with springs made of _yahoos_’ hairs, and were excellent food.

feather (羽) [名] one of the light appendages growing from a bird's skin

spring (バネ) [名] a device that can be pressed or pulled and that returns to its original shape when released

これを、私が捕まえた数種の鳥の羽で満たし、ヤフーの毛で作ったバネで止めた。

I had worked two chairs with my knife, the sorrel nag helping me in the grosser and more laborious part.

私はナイフで二脚の椅子を作ったが、栗毛の馬が粗くて面倒な部分を手伝ってくれた。

When my clothes were worn to rags, I made myself others with the skins of rabbits, and of a certain beautiful animal, about the same size, called _nnuhnoh_, the skin of which is covered with a fine down.

wear to rag (ぼろぼろになる) [動] become worn out

私の服がぼろぼろになった時、私はウサギの皮と、ヌヌノと呼ばれるほぼ同じ大きさの美しい動物の皮で新しい服を作ったが、その皮は上質の綿毛で覆われていた。

Of these I also made very tolerable stockings.

of these (これらで) [前] from or out of these

also (また) [副] in addition; too; as well

これらで私はまた、かなり我慢できる靴下を作った。

I soled my shoes with wood, which I cut from a tree, and fitted to the upper leather;

sole (靴底) [名] the bottom of a shoe

私は靴の底を木で作り、それを木から切り取って、上革に取り付けた。

and when this was worn out, I supplied it with the skins of _yahoos_ dried in the sun.

そしてこれがすり減ったとき、私はそれを日干ししたヤフーの皮で補った。

I often got honey out of hollow trees, which I mingled with water, or ate with my bread.

get honey (蜂蜜を取り出す) [動] take honey out of a place

hollow tree (空洞の木) [名] a tree with a hollow trunk

私はよく空洞の木から蜂蜜を取り出し、それを水に混ぜたり、パンと一緒に食べたりした。

No man could more verify the truth of these two maxims, that nature is very easily satisfied;

No man (誰も) [名] no person

verify (証明する) [動] to prove the truth of

自然は非常に簡単に満足させられるというこの二つの格言の真理をこれ以上証明できる人はいない。

and that necessity is the mother of invention.

mother (母) [名] a woman who has given birth to a child

そして必要は発明の母である。

I enjoyed perfect health of body, and tranquillity of mind;

tranquillity (安らぎ) [名] the quality or state of being tranquil; calmness

私は身体の完全な健康と心の安らぎを享受した。

I did not find the treachery or inconstancy of a friend, nor the injuries of a secret or open enemy.

inconstancy (不誠実さ) [名] the quality of being unfaithful or unreliable

open (公然の) [形] not concealed or secret; not closed or blocked

私は友人の裏切りや不誠実さも、隠れた敵や公然の敵からの危害も受けなかった。

I had no occasion of bribing or flattering to procure the favor of any great man, or of his minion.

have no occasion of (必要がない) [動] not have a reason or need to do something

bribing (賄賂を贈る) [動] give money or a favor to someone in order to influence them to do something

flattering (お世辞を言う) [動] praise someone too much or insincerely

great man (偉い人) [名] a man who is important or famous

minion (手下) [名] a follower or underling of a powerful person

私は偉い人やその手下に取り入るために賄賂を贈ったり、お世辞を言う必要もなかった。

I wanted no fence against fraud, or oppression;

私は詐欺や抑圧に対する防御を必要としなかった。

here was neither physician to destroy my body, nor lawyer to ruin my fortune;

lawyer (弁護士) [名] a person who is qualified to practice law

ruin (破滅させる) [動] reduce (something) to a state of decay, collapse, or destruction

私の身体を破壊する医者も、私の財産を破滅させる弁護士もいなかった。

no informer to watch my words and actions, or forge accusations against me for hire;

action (言動) [名] something that a person does

hire (金) [名] money paid for the temporary use of something

私の言動を監視したり、金で私を告発する密告者もいなかった。

here were no gibers, censurers, backbiters, pickpockets, highwaymen, housebreakers, attorneys, buffoons, gamesters, politicians, wits, splenetics, tedious talkers, controvertists, ravishers, murderers, robbers, virtuosos;

giber (嘲笑者) [名] a person who mocks or ridicules

censurer (批判者) [名] a person who censures

backbiter (陰口をたたく者) [名] a person who speaks ill of someone behind their back

housebreaker (強盗) [名] a person who breaks into a house to steal

attorney (弁護士) [名] a person who is a lawyer

wit (才人) [名] a person who is clever and amusing

splenetic (気難しい人) [名] a person who is irritable and bad-tempered

tedious talker (退屈な話し手) [名] a person who talks in a boring way

controvertist (論争家) [名] a person who argues or disputes

ravisher (強姦者) [名] a person who commits rape

murderer (殺人者) [名] a person who kills another person

robber (強盗) [名] a person who steals from others by force or threat of violence

virtuoso (芸術家) [名] a person who is highly skilled in music or another artistic pursuit

嘲笑者、批判者、陰口をたたく者、スリ、追い剥ぎ、強盗、弁護士、道化師、賭博師、政治家、才人、気難しい人、退屈な話し手、論争家、強姦者、殺人者、強盗、芸術家もいなかった。

no leaders, or followers, of party and faction;

党派や派閥の指導者や信奉者もいなかった。

no encouragers to vice, by seducement or example;

encouragers (助長する者) [名] a person who encourages

seducement (誘惑) [名] the act of seducing

誘惑や手本によって悪徳を助長する者もいなかった。

no dungeon, axes, gibbets, whipping posts, or pillories;

whipping post (鞭打ち台) [名] a post to which a person is tied to be whipped

pillory (さらし台) [名] a wooden framework with holes for the head and hands in which an offender was locked and exposed to public abuse

地下牢、斧、絞首台、鞭打ち台、さらし台もなかった。

no cheating shopkeepers, or mechanics;

shopkeeper (店主) [名] a person who owns or manages a shop

人を騙す店主や職人もいなかった。

no pride, vanity, or affectation;

プライド、虚栄心、気取りもなかった。

no fops, bullies, drunkards; no ranting, expensive wives;

fop (伊達男) [名] a man who is excessively concerned with his appearance

drunkard (酔っ払い) [名] a person who is drunk

rant (わめき散らす) [動] to speak or shout at length in a wild, impassioned way

伊達男、いじめっ子、酔っ払い、わめき散らす高価な妻もいなかった。

no stupid, proud pedants; no importunate, overbearing, quarrelsome, noisy, roaring, empty, conceited, swearing companions;

proud (傲慢な) [形] having or showing a high or excessively high opinion of oneself or one's importance, achievements, etc.

pedant (学者) [名] a person who is excessively concerned with minor details and rules or with displaying academic learning

importunate (しつこい) [形] making urgent or persistent requests

overbearing (横柄な) [形] unpleasantly and arrogantly domineering

noisy (騒がしい) [形] making or causing a lot of noise

roaring (わめき散らす) [動] make a loud, deep, prolonged sound

conceited (うぬぼれた) [形] having too high an opinion of oneself

swearing (悪態をつく) [動] use offensive language

愚かで傲慢な学者、しつこく、横柄で、喧嘩好きで、騒がしく、わめき散らし、空虚で、うぬぼれ、悪態をつく仲間もいなかった。

no scoundrels raised from the dust for the sake of their vices, or nobility thrown into it on account of their virtues;

scoundrel (悪党) [名] a dishonest or unprincipled person

悪徳のために塵から引き上げられる悪党も、美徳のために塵に投げ込まれる貴族もいなかった。

no lords, fiddlers, judges, or dancing masters.

dancing master (踊り師匠) [名] a person who teaches dancing

貴族、バイオリン弾き、裁判官、踊り師匠もいなかった。

I had the favor of being admitted to several Houyhnhnms who came to visit or dine with my master;

have the favor of (機会に恵まれる) [動] be lucky enough to have or be given something

come to (来た) [動] arrive at a place

私は主人を訪ねたり、食事をしに来た何人かのフウイヌムと会う機会に恵まれた。

where his honor graciously suffered me to wait in the room, and listen to their discourse.

graciously (親切にも) [副] in a kind or gracious manner

主人は親切にも私を部屋に残して、彼らの話を聞かせてくれた。

Both he and his company would often descend to ask me questions, and receive my answers.

彼も彼の仲間もよく私に質問をしたり、私の答えを聞きに降りてきた。

I had also sometimes the honor of attending my master in his visits to others.

have the honor of (栄誉に浴する) [動] be honored to do something

attend (同伴する) [動] go with someone to a place or event

私はまた、主人が他の家を訪問する際に同伴する栄誉に浴することもあった。

I never presumed to speak, except in answer to a question;

presume (勝手に) [動] take for granted or assume

私は質問に答える場合を除いて、決して勝手に口をきくことはなかった。

and then I did it with inward regret, because it was a loss of so much time for improving myself: but I was infinitely delighted with the station of a humble auditor in such conversations, where nothing passed but what was useful, expressed in the fewest and most significant words;

auditor (聴衆) [名] a person who listens to a lecture, concert, etc.

pass (語られる) [動] be said or told

express (表現される) [動] show (a quality or feeling) by one's behavior or appearance

fewest (最も少ない) [形] the smallest number of

質問に答える場合でも、内心では後悔しながら答えていた。なぜなら、自分を向上させるための時間を無駄にしていたからだ。しかし、私はそういった会話の中で、謙虚な聴衆の立場にいることを無限に喜んでいた。そこでは、有用なこと以外は何も語られず、最も少ない言葉で最も意味深い言葉で表現されていた。

where the greatest decency was observed without the least degree of ceremony;

decency (礼儀正しい) [名] behavior that is polite, moral, and socially acceptable

最も礼儀正しく、儀式めいたことは一切なかった。

where no person spoke without being pleased himself, and pleasing his companions;

no person (誰も) [名] no one

誰もが自分自身を喜ばせ、仲間を喜ばせることなく話すことはなかった。

where there was no interruption, tediousness, heat, or difference of sentiments.

heat (熱気) [名] the quality of being hot

中断、退屈、熱気、意見の相違などはなかった。

They have a notion, that when people are met together, a short silence does much improve conversation;

have a notion (考えを持っている) [動] have an idea or opinion

meet together (集まる) [動] come together

彼らは、人々が集まったときには、短い沈黙が会話を大いに改善するという考えを持っている。

this I found to be true; for during those little intermissions of talk, new ideas would arise in their minds, which very much enlivened the discourse.

arise (浮かぶ) [動] come up

enliven (盛り上げる) [動] make more interesting, exciting, or lively

これが真実だとわかった。会話の合間に新しい考えが浮かび、それが会話を大いに盛り上げてくれるからだ。

Their subjects are generally on friendship and benevolence;

彼らの話題はたいてい友情と慈悲についてである。

on order and economy; sometimes upon the visible operations of nature, or ancient traditions;

operation (働き) [名] the action or fact of functioning

tradition (伝統) [名] the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way

秩序と経済について、時には自然の目に見える働きや古代の伝統についてである。

upon the bounds and limits of virtue;

limit (限界) [名] the greatest amount that is allowed

美徳の境界と限界についてである。

upon the unerring rules of reason, or upon some determinations to be taken at the next assembly;

unerring (誤りのない) [形] always right or correct

take (決める) [動] decide on and pursue a course of action

理性の誤りのない規則について、あるいは次の集会で決められるべき事柄についてである。

and often upon the various excellencies of poetry.

excellencies (優れた点) [名] a quality or feature that is unusually good and so surpasses the usual standard or average

そしてしばしば詩の様々な優れた点についてである。

I may add, without vanity, that my presence often gave them sufficient matter for discourse, because it afforded my master an occasion of letting his friends into the history of me and my country, upon which they were all pleased to descant, in a manner not very advantageous to human kind;

matter (話題) [名] a subject of concern, interest, or discussion

afford (与える) [動] provide or supply

descant (論じる) [動] talk or write at length about something

advantageous (有利) [形] favourable; of benefit

human kind (人類) [名] human beings considered collectively

私の存在が彼らに十分な話題を提供することがよくあったと、自惚れではなく付け加えておこう。なぜなら、私の存在は主人に私と私の国の歴史を友人たちに話す機会を与え、彼らは皆、人類にとってあまり有利ではない方法で、その話題について喜んで論じ合ったからである。

and for that reason I shall not repeat what they said;

for that reason (そのため) [副] for that cause or purpose

そのため、彼らが言ったことは繰り返さないことにする。

only I may be allowed to observe, that his honor, to my great admiration, appeared to understand the nature of _yahoos_ much better than myself.

ただ、私が大いに感心したのは、主人が私よりもずっとよくヤフーの性質を理解していたことである。

He went through all our vices and follies, and discovered many which I had never mentioned to him, by only supposing what qualities a _yahoo_ of their country, with a small proportion of reason, might be capable of exerting;

go through (列挙する) [動] examine or inspect in detail

exert (発揮する) [動] apply or bring to bear

主人は人間のあらゆる悪徳や愚行を列挙し、私が一度も話したことのない多くのことを発見したが、それはこの国のヤフーが、わずかな理性でどんな性質を発揮できるかを推測しただけのことだった。

and concluded, with too much probability, how vile, as well as miserable such a creature must be.

probability (ありそう) [名] the extent to which something is probable; the likelihood of something happening or being the case

そして、あまりにもありそうな結論として、そのような生き物はどれほど卑劣で惨めなものであるに違いないかを述べた。

I freely confess, that all the little knowledge I have of any value, was acquired by the lectures I received from my master, and from hearing the discourses of him and his friends;

lecture (講義) [名] a talk or speech given to an audience, especially one given by a university or college teacher

私が持っている価値のあるわずかな知識はすべて、主人から受けた講義や、主人とその友人たちの講演を聞いたことから得られたものだということを、私は率直に認める。

to which I should be prouder to listen, than to dictate to the greatest and wisest assembly in Europe.

ヨーロッパで最も偉大で賢い集会で講演するよりも、その講演を聞く方が私には誇らしいことだった。

I admired the strength, comeliness, and speed of the inhabitants;

私は住民たちの強さ、美しさ、速さを賞賛した。

and such a constellation of virtues, in such amiable persons, produced in me the highest veneration.

constellation (集合体) [名] a group of stars forming an imaginary shape in the night sky

そして、このような愛すべき人々の中に、このような美徳の集合体があることに、私は最高の敬意を抱いた。

At first, indeed, I did not feel that natural awe which the _yahoos_ and all other animals bear towards them;

at first (最初のうちは) [副] in the beginning

実際、最初のうちは、私はヤフーや他の動物たちが彼らに対して抱くような自然な畏敬の念を感じなかった。

but it grew upon me by degrees, much sooner than I imagined, and was mingled with a respectful love and gratitude, that they would condescend to distinguish me from the rest of my species.

grow upon (大きくなる) [動] become more and more attractive or interesting

しかし、それは私が想像していたよりもずっと早く、次第に私の中で大きくなり、敬意と愛と感謝の気持ちが入り混じり、彼らが私を他の種族と区別してくれることに感謝した。

When I thought of my family, my friends, my countrymen, or the human race in general, I considered them, as they really were, _yahoos_ in shape and disposition, only a little civilized, and qualified with the gift of speech;

human race (人類) [名] the human species

家族や友人、同胞、あるいは人類一般のことを考えてみると、彼らは実際には姿形も性質もヤフーで、少しばかり文明的で、言葉を話す能力があるだけだと思った。

but making no other use of reason than to improve and multiply those vices, whereof their brethren in this country had only the share that nature allotted them.

make no other use of (他に用いない) [動] not use for anything else

allot (与える) [動] give or apportion to someone as a share or task

しかし、この国の兄弟たちが自然に与えられた分しか持たない悪徳を改善し、増やす以外に理性を使うことはなかった。

When I happened to behold the reflection of my own form in a lake or a fountain, I turned away my face in horror and detestation of myself;

lake (湖) [名] a large body of water surrounded by land

fountain (泉) [名] a natural spring of water

turn away (背ける) [動] move or cause to move in a different direction

湖や泉に自分の姿が映っているのを偶然目にした時、私は恐怖と自己嫌悪で顔を背けた。

and could better endure the sight of a common _yahoo_, than of my own person.

そして、自分の姿を見るよりも、普通のヤフーを見る方が耐えられた。

By conversing with the Houyhnhnms and looking upon them with delight, I fell to imitate their gait and gestures, which is now grown into a habit;

フウイヌムと会話をし、彼らを喜んで眺めることで、私は彼らの歩き方や身振りを真似るようになり、それが今では習慣になっている。

and my friends often tell me, in a blunt way, that I trot like a horse, which, however, I take for a great compliment;

blunt (率直な) [形] direct and outspoken

私の友人はよく、私が馬のように速歩すると率直に言うが、私はそれをとても褒め言葉だと思っている。

neither shall I disown, that in speaking I am apt to fall into the voice and manner of the Houyhnhnms, and hear myself ridiculed on that account without the least mortification.

neither shall I disown (否定もしない) [動] refuse to acknowledge or recognize

fall into (なりがちである) [動] to become involved in something

hear (耳にする) [動] to be told or informed of

話す時にフウイヌムの声や態度になりがちで、そのことでからかわれるのを耳にしても、少しも悔しくはない。

In the midst of all this happiness, and when I looked upon myself to be fully settled for life, my master sent for me one morning a little earlier than his usual hour.

look upon (思う) [動] consider or regard in a specified way

a little earlier (少し早い) [副] a bit earlier

usual hour (いつもの時間) [名] the time that something usually happens

こうした幸福の真っ只中、私は自分の人生が完全に落ち着いたと思った時、ある朝、主人がいつもより少し早い時間に私を呼びに来た。

I observed by his countenance that he was in some perplexity, and at a loss how to begin what he had to speak.

私は彼の顔つきから、彼が何か困惑していて、何を話せばいいのかわからないでいるのに気づいた。

After a short silence he told me he did not know how I would take what he was going to say;

do not know (わからない) [動] be not aware of

しばらく沈黙した後、彼はこれから言うことを私がどう受け止めるかわからないと言った。

that in the last general assembly, when the affair of the _yahoos_ was entered upon, the representatives had taken offense at his keeping a _yahoo_ (meaning myself) in his family more like a Houyhnhnm than a brute animal.

enter upon (取り上げられる) [動] to begin to deal with

take offense (腹を立てる) [動] to feel hurt, angry, or upset

前回の総会で、ヤフーの問題が取り上げられた時、代表者たちは彼がヤフー(私のこと)を家畜というよりはフウイヌムのように家族に置いていることに腹を立てた。

That he was known frequently to converse with me, as if he could receive some advantage or pleasure in my company.

彼が私と会話することがよく知られており、まるで私と交際することで何か利益や喜びを得られるかのようだった。

That such a practice was not agreeable to reason or nature, nor a thing ever heard of before among them.

そのようにすることは理性にも自然にも合わず、彼らの間でも聞いたことがないことだった。

The assembly did therefore exhort him either to employ me like the rest of my species, or command me to swim back to the place whence I came.

back (帰る) [副] to the place from which one came

そのため、議会は彼に私を他の同類と同じように使役するか、私が来た場所まで泳いで帰るように命令するよう勧告した。

That the first of these expedients was utterly rejected by all the Houyhnhnms who had ever seen me at his house or their own;

これらの方策の最初のものは、彼の家や彼らの家で私を見たことがあるフウイヌムたち全員に完全に拒否された。

for they alleged, that because I had some rudiments of reason, added to the natural depravity of those animals, it was to be feared I might be able to seduce them into the woody and mountainous parts of the country, and bring them in troops by night to destroy the Houyhnhnms’ cattle, as being naturally of the ravenous kind, and averse from labor.

add (加わる) [動] join or combine

depravity (堕落) [名] moral corruption; wickedness

seduce (誘い込む) [動] attract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage

woody (森林) [形] covered with trees

mountainous (山岳) [形] having many mountains

ravenous (貪欲な) [形] very hungry

彼らは、私が理性の初歩的なものを持ち、それらの動物の自然な堕落に加わっているので、私が彼らを国の森林や山岳地帯に誘い込み、夜に軍隊に連れて行ってフウイヌムの牛を破壊することができるのではないかと恐れていた。

My master added that he was daily pressed by the Houyhnhnms of the neighborhood, to have the assembly’s exhortation executed, which he could not put off much longer.

have something executed (何かを実行する) [動] carry out or put into effect

私の主人は、近所のフウイヌムたちから毎日、議会の勧告を実行するよう迫られており、これ以上先延ばしすることはできないと付け加えた。

He doubted it would be impossible for me to swim to another country;

彼は私が泳いで他の国に行くのは不可能だろうと疑った。

and therefore wished I would contrive some sort of a vehicle, resembling those I had described to him, that might carry me on the sea;

だから、私が彼に説明したようなものに似た、私を海に運んでくれる乗り物を工夫してほしいと願った。

in which work I should have the assistance of his own servants, as well as those of his neighbors.

その仕事には、彼自身の召使や隣人の召使の助けを借りるべきだ。

He concluded, that for his own part, he could have been content to keep me in his service as long as I lived;

for one's own part (自分としては) [副] as far as one is concerned

as long as (生涯) [接] during the time that

彼は、私を自分の召使として生涯雇い続けることに満足していただろうと結論を下した。

because he found I had cured myself of some bad habits and dispositions, by endeavoring, as far as my inferior nature was capable, to imitate the Houyhnhnms.

なぜなら、私が自分の劣った性質の許す限り、フウイヌム族を真似ようと努力することで、いくつかの悪い習慣や性質を治したことを彼は知ったからだ。

I should here observe to the reader, that a decree of the general assembly in this country is expressed by the word _hnhloayn_, which signifies an exhortation, as near as I can render it:

exhortation (勧告) [名] an urgent appeal or warning

ここで読者に注意しておきたいのは、この国の総会の法令は、私ができる限り忠実に訳せば、勧告を意味する_hnhloayn_という言葉で表現されているということだ。

for they have no conception how a rational creature can be compelled, but only advised, or exhorted;

have no conception (概念がない) [動] be unable to imagine

be compelled (強制される) [動] be forced to do something

advised (忠告される) [動] give advice to

exhorted (勧告される) [動] strongly encourage or urge

なぜなら、彼らには理性的な生き物が強制されるという概念がなく、ただ忠告されたり、勧告されたりするだけだからだ。

because no person can disobey reason, without giving up his claim to be a rational creature.

disobey (背く) [動] fail to obey

give up (放棄する) [動] stop doing something

なぜなら、理性的な生き物であるという主張を放棄しない限り、誰も理性に背くことはできない。

I was struck with the utmost grief and despair at my master’s discourse;

be struck with (感じる) [動] to be affected by something

私は主人の話に最大の悲しみと絶望を感じた。

and being unable to support the agonies I was under, I fell into a swoon at his feet.

be unable to (耐えきれない) [動] not have the ability to do something

support (耐える) [動] give assistance to, or be in favor of

agony (苦悶) [名] extreme physical or mental suffering

swoon (気絶) [名] a faint or dizzy spell

そして、私が受けていた苦悶に耐えきれず、私は彼の足元で気絶してしまった。

When I came to myself he told me that he concluded I had been dead;

私が正気に戻ったとき、彼は私が死んだと結論づけたと言った。

for these people are subject to no such imbecilities of nature.

be subject to (支配される) [動] be exposed or liable to

no such (そのような) [限] not of the type or quality mentioned

なぜなら、この人々はそのような自然の愚かさに支配されていないからだ。

I answered in a faint voice that death would have been too great a happiness;

faint (弱々しい) [形] lacking in strength or vigor

私は死ぬことはあまりにも幸せなことだと弱々しい声で答えた。

that although I could not blame the assembly’s exhortation, or the urgency of his friends;

urgency (緊急性) [名] the quality of being urgent

議会の勧告や友人の緊急性を非難することはできないが、

yet, in my weak and corrupt judgment, I thought it might consist with reason to have been less rigorous.

私の弱く腐敗した判断では、それほど厳しくなくても理にかなっているのではないかと考えた。

That I could not swim a league, and probably the nearest land to theirs might be distant above a hundred.

私は一リーグも泳げないし、おそらく彼らの土地に一番近い陸地は百リーグ以上離れているかもしれない。

That many materials necessary for making a small vessel to carry me off, were wholly wanting in this country;

私を運ぶための小さな船を作るのに必要な多くの材料が、この国では全く不足していた。

which, however, I would attempt, in obedience and gratitude to his honor, although I concluded the thing to be impossible, and therefore looked on myself as already devoted to destruction.

不可能だと結論づけて、すでに破滅に身を捧げたと思っているが、それでも私は彼の栄誉に従い、感謝の気持ちを込めて試みようと思う。

That the certain prospect of an unnatural death was the least of my evils;

unnatural death (不自然な死) [名] a death that is not due to natural causes

certain prospect (確実な見通し) [名] a definite possibility

不自然な死の確実な見通しは、私の悪事のなかで最も小さなものだった。

for, supposing I should escape with life by some strange adventure, how could I think with temper of passing my days among _yahoos_, and relapsing into my old corruptions for want of examples to lead and keep me within the paths of virtue?

day (日々) [名] a period of time during which the earth completes one rotation on its axis

relapse (逆戻り) [動] return to a former or less desirable state

lead (導く) [動] show the way to someone or something, especially by going in front of them

なぜなら、私が何か奇妙な冒険によって命をかけて逃げ出したとしたら、私はどのようにしてヤフーの中で日々を過ごし、美徳の道に私を導き、保つための手本がないために、私の古い腐敗に逆戻りすることを冷静に考えることができるだろうか?

That I knew too well upon what solid reasons all the determinations of the wise Houyhnhnms were founded, not to be shaken by arguments of mine, a miserable _yahoo_;

know too well (よく知っている) [動] be very familiar with

solid (確固たる) [形] firm or strong in structure

determination (決意) [名] firmness of purpose; resoluteness

found (基づいている) [動] base or establish on

賢いフウイヌムのすべての決意が、私の惨めなヤフーの議論に揺さぶられることなく、どのような確固たる理由に基づいているかを私はよく知っていた。

and therefore, after presenting him with my humble thanks for the offer of his servants’ assistance in making a vessel, and desiring a reasonable time for so difficult a work,

そのため、船を作るのに召使の援助を申し出てくれたことに対して、彼に謙虚な感謝の意を表し、そのような困難な仕事に相応の時間を要することを望んだ後、

I told him I would endeavor to preserve a wretched being;

wretched (惨めな) [形] extremely unhappy or unfortunate

私は惨めな存在を守るために努力すると彼に言った。

and if ever I returned to England, was not without hopes of being useful to my own species, by celebrating the praises of the renowned Houyhnhnms, and proposing their virtues to the imitation of mankind.

renowned (高名な) [形] known or talked about by many people; famous

そして、もし私がイギリスに帰国したら、高名なフウイヌムの賛美を称え、彼らの美徳を人類の模倣に提案することで、私自身の種族に役立つことを期待せずにはいられなかった。

My master, in a few words, made a very gracious reply;

in a few words (短い言葉で) [副] using only a few words

reply (返事) [名] a response to a question or remark

私の主人は、短い言葉で、とても優雅な返事をした。

allowed me the space of two months to finish my boat;

space (猶予) [名] a period of time

私にボートを完成させるために2ヶ月の猶予を与えてくれた。

and ordered the sorrel nag, my fellow servant (for so at this distance I may presume to call him), to follow my instruction, because I told my master that his help would be sufficient, and I knew he had a tenderness for me.

fellow servant (同僚) [名] a person who works in the same place as another person

そして、私の同僚である栗毛の馬に、私の指示に従うように命じた。なぜなら、私は主人に彼の助けで十分だと伝え、彼が私に優しさを持っていることを知っていたからだ。

In his company, my first business was to go to that part of the coast where my rebellious crew had ordered me to be set on shore.

in one's company (一緒) [名] in the presence of

rebellious (反抗的な) [形] showing a desire to resist authority, control, or convention

set on (降ろす) [動] put or place on

彼と一緒の私の最初の仕事は、私の反抗的な乗組員が私を岸に降ろすように命じた海岸のその部分に行くことだった。

I got upon a height, and looking on every side into the sea, fancied I saw a small island towards the northeast.

get upon (登る) [動] go up

look (見渡す) [動] direct one's gaze in a specified direction

fancy (見える) [動] imagine

私は高台に登り、四方八方を見渡すと、北東の方に小さな島が見えた。

I took out my pocket glass, and could then clearly distinguish it about five leagues off, as I computed;

distinguish (わかる) [動] recognize or treat as different

私はポケットグラスを取り出し、計算したところ、約5リーグ先にあることがはっきりとわかった。

but it appeared to the sorrel nag to be only a blue cloud: for as he had no conception of any country beside his own, so he could not be as expert in distinguishing remote objects at sea, as we who so much converse in that element.

blue cloud (青い雲) [名] a cloud that is blue in color

expert (熟達している) [名] a person who has a comprehensive and authoritative knowledge of or skill in a particular area

converse (よく知っている) [動] engage in conversation

しかし、栗毛の馬には青い雲にしか見えなかった。なぜなら、彼は自分の国のほかにどんな国があるかを知らなかったから、海で遠くにあるものを見分けるのに、私たちほど熟達していなかったのだ。

After I had discovered this island, I considered no farther;

この島を発見した後、私はそれ以上考えなかった。

but resolved it should, if possible, be the first place of my banishment, leaving the consequence to fortune.

banishment (流刑) [名] the state of being banished

しかし、結果は運に任せて、できればそこを私の最初の流刑地にしようと決心した。

I returned home, and consulting with the sorrel nag, we went into a copse at some distance, where I with my knife, and he with a sharp flint, fastened very artificially after their manner to a wooden handle, cut down several oak wattles, about the thickness of a walking staff, and some larger pieces.

return home (家に戻る) [動] go back to one's house

copse (雑木林) [名] a small group of trees

oak (オーク) [名] a tree that produces acorns

wattle (枝) [名] a thin flexible branch of a tree

私は家に戻り、栗毛の馬と相談して、少し離れたところにある雑木林に入り、私はナイフで、彼は木の柄に彼らのやり方で非常に巧みに固定された鋭い火打ち石で、杖の太さくらいのオークの枝を何本か切り倒し、さらに大きな枝も何本か切り倒した。

But I shall not trouble the reader with a particular description of my own mechanics;

しかし、私は自分の機械の詳細な説明で読者を煩わせることはしない。

let it suffice to say, that in six weeks’ time, with the help of the sorrel nag, who performed the parts that required most labor, I finished a sort of Indian canoe, but much larger, covering it with the skins of _yahoos_, well stitched together with hempen threads of my own making.

six weeks (六週間) [名] a period of time lasting six weeks

hempen (麻の) [形] made from the fiber of the cannabis plant

六週間のうちに、最も労力を要する部分を担当した栗毛の馬の助けを借りて、私はインディアンのカヌーのようなものを完成させたが、それははるかに大きく、私が作った麻糸でうまく縫い合わせたヤフーの皮で覆っていたと言えば十分だろう。

My sail was likewise composed of the skins of the same animal;

私の帆も同じ動物の皮でできていた。

but I made use of the youngest I could get, the older being too tough and thick;

tough (硬い) [形] strong and resilient; not easily broken or cut

しかし、私は手に入れることができる一番若いものを使った。年をとったものは硬くて厚すぎた。

and I likewise provided myself with four paddles.

そして、私は四つの櫂も用意した。

I laid in a stock of boiled flesh of rabbits and fowls;

lay in (蓄える) [動] to store or stock up on something

stock (蓄え) [名] a supply of something that is available for future use

boil (煮る) [動] to cook something in boiling water

私はウサギや鳥の肉を煮て蓄えた。

and took with me two vessels, one filled with milk and the other with water.

take with (持って行く) [動] bring along

そして、一つは牛乳、もう一つは水を入れた二つの容器を持って行った。

I tried my canoe in a large pond, near my master’s house, and then corrected in it what was amiss;

amiss (不具合) [形] wrong or faulty

私は主人の家の近くの大きな池でカヌーを試し、そして、不具合を修正した。

stopping all the chinks with _yahoos’_ tallow, till I found it stanch, and able to bear me and my freight;

stop (ふさぐ) [動] to close or block an opening

chink (隙間) [名] a small opening or crack

stanch (水漏れしない) [形] strong and reliable

freight (荷物) [名] goods transported by a vehicle

ヤフの獣脂ですべての隙間をふさいで、船が水漏れせず、私と荷物を運べるようになるまで試した。

and when it was as complete as I could possibly make it,

as complete as (できる限り) [副] to the greatest extent or degree possible

そして、私ができる限り完成させた時、

I had it drawn on a carriage very gently by _yahoos_ to the seaside, under the conduct of the sorrel nag and another servant.

conduct (案内) [名] the action of directing and controlling a group of people or an organization

それをヤフに引かせた馬車に載せて、栗毛の馬ともう一人の召使の案内で海岸まで運んだ。

When all was ready, and the day came for my departure, I took leave of my master, and lady, and the whole family, my eyes flowing with tears, and my heart quite sunk with grief.

flow (流れる) [動] move or cause to move in a steady and continuous stream

準備がすべて整い、出発の日が来ると、私は主人と奥方、そして家族全員に別れを告げたが、私の目からは涙があふれ、心は悲しみに沈んだ。

But his honor, out of curiosity, and perhaps (if I may speak it without vanity) partly out of kindness, was determined to see me in my canoe;

しかし、主人は好奇心から、そしておそらく(自惚れではなく)親切心から、私がカヌーに乗るのを見届けようと決心した。

and got several of his neighboring friends to accompany him.

get (連れてくる) [動] cause to come or go

neighboring (近所の) [形] living or located near or next to each other

そして、近所の友人を何人か連れてくることにした。

I was forced to wait above an hour for the tide, and then observing the wind very fortunately bearing towards the island to which I intended to steer my course, I took a second leave of my master;

fortunately (幸運にも) [副] happening by good luck; luckily

bear (向かう) [動] move in a specified direction

私は一時間以上も潮を待たざるを得なかったが、それから幸運にも風が私の進路を定めた島に向かっているのを見て、主人に二度目の別れを告げた。

but as I was going to prostrate myself to kiss his hoof, he did me the honor to raise it gently to my mouth.

prostrate (ひれ伏す) [動] to lie flat on the ground with your face down

しかし、私がひれ伏して彼のひづめにキスしようとすると、彼は私の口にそれをそっと持ち上げてくれるという栄誉を与えてくれた。

I am not ignorant how much I have been censured for mentioning this last particular.

be ignorant (知らないわけではない) [動] lack knowledge or information

私はこの最後の事柄について言及したことでどれほど非難されているか知らないわけではない。

For my detractors are pleased to think it improbable that so illustrious a person should descend to give so great a mark of distinction to a creature so inferior as I.

detractor (中傷者) [名] a person who criticizes someone or something in a negative way

improbable (ありえない) [形] not likely to happen or be true

私の中傷者たちは、私のような下等な生き物に、それほど高貴な人物が身をかがめて、それほど大きな栄誉を与えるなんてありえないと考えるのを喜んでいる。

Neither have I forgotten how apt some travelers are to boast of extraordinary favors they have received.

forgotten (忘れる) [動] to not be able to remember something

how (どれほど) [副] to what extent or degree

一部の旅行者が受けた特別な恩恵を自慢する傾向があることも忘れていない。

But, if these censurers were better acquainted with the noble and courteous disposition of the Houyhnhnms, they would soon change their opinion.

be acquainted with (知っている) [動] know someone or something

courteous (礼儀正しい) [形] polite and respectful

しかし、もしこれらの批判者たちがフウイヌムの高貴で礼儀正しい気質をもっとよく知っていたら、すぐに考えを変えるだろう。

I paid my respects to the rest of the Houyhnhnms in his honor’s company;

私は彼の敬意を払って、残りのフウイヌムたちに敬意を表した。

then getting into my canoe,

get into (乗り込む) [動] enter or board a vehicle

それからカヌーに乗り込み、

I pushed off from the shore.

岸から押し出した。

CHAPTER XI

第十一章

THE AUTHOR’S DANGEROUS VOYAGE—HE ARRIVES AT NEW HOLLAND, HOPING TO SETTLE THERE—IS WOUNDED WITH AN ARROW BY ONE OF THE NATIVES—IS SEIZED AND CARRIED BY FORCE INTO A PORTUGUESE SHIP—THE GREAT CIVILITIES OF THE CAPTAIN—THE AUTHOR ARRIVES AT ENGLAND.

NEW HOLLAND (ニューホランド) [名] the former name of Australia

WOUND (傷つける) [動] inflict a wound on

PORTUGUESE (ポルトガル) [名] a Romance language spoken in Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe, and East Timor

著者の危険な航海ー彼はニューホランドに到着し、そこに定住することを望むー原住民の一人によって矢で傷つけられるー捕らえられ、ポルトガル船に強制的に運ばれるー船長の偉大な礼儀正しさー著者はイギリスに到着する。

I began this desperate voyage on February 15, 1714/5, at nine o’clock in the morning.

February 15, 1714/5 (1714年2月15日) [名] a date

nine o'clock (午前9時) [名] a time

私はこの絶望的な航海を1714年2月15日の午前9時に始めた。

The wind was very favorable; however, I made use at first only of my paddles;

風は非常に順調だったが、最初は櫂だけを使った。

but considering I should soon be weary, and that the wind might chop about, I ventured to set up my little sail;

chop (吹き荒れる) [動] cut or hit with a sharp blow

しかし、すぐに疲れるだろうし、風が吹き荒れるかもしれないと考え、私は小さな帆を張ることにした。

and thus, with the help of the tide, I went at the rate of a league and a half an hour, as near as I could guess.

rate (速度) [名] the speed at which someone or something moves or operates or at which something happens or changes

こうして、潮の助けを借りて、私は推測できる限り、一時間半に三マイルほどの速度で進んだ。

My master and his friends continued on the shore till I was almost out of sight;

continue (残る) [動] remain in existence or in a certain state

私の主人とその友人たちは、私がほとんど見えなくなるまで岸に残っていた。

and I often heard the sorrel nag (who always loved me) crying out, _Hnuy illa nyha majah yahoo_—“Take care of thyself, gentle yahoo.”

take care of (気をつける) [動] to be responsible for

そして、いつも私を愛してくれていた栗毛の馬が、「フヌイ・イラ・ニハ・マジャ・ヤフー」と叫ぶのを何度も聞いた。「優しいヤフーよ、気をつけてお行きなさい。」

My design was, if possible, to discover some small island uninhabited, yet sufficient with my labor to furnish me with the necessaries of life, which I would have thought a greater happiness than to be first minister in the politest court of Europe; so horrible was the idea I conceived of returning to live in the society and under the government of _yahoos_.

politest (最も洗練された) [形] showing or having good manners, excellent taste, or good breeding

私の計画は、もし可能なら、無人島を発見し、自分の労働で生活必需品を賄うことだったが、それはヨーロッパで最も洗練された宮廷の第一大臣になることよりも大きな幸福だと考えていた。ヤフーの社会に戻ってヤフーの支配下で生活するという考えは、私にとって恐ろしいことだった。

For in such a solitude as I desired, I could at least enjoy my own thoughts, and reflect with delight on the virtues of those inimitable Houyhnhnms, without any opportunity of degenerating into the vices and corruptions of my own species.

solitude (孤独) [名] the state of being alone

reflect (振り返る) [動] to throw back light, heat, or sound without absorbing it

私が望むような孤独の中では、少なくとも自分の考えを楽しむことができ、自分の種族の悪徳や堕落に陥ることなく、あの真似のできないフウイヌムの美徳を喜んで振り返ることができるからだ。

The reader may remember what I related when my crew conspired against me, and confined me to my cabin;

conspire (陰謀を企てる) [動] make secret plans jointly to commit a harmful or illegal act

読者は、私の乗組員が私に対して陰謀を企て、私を船室に閉じ込めたときのことを覚えているかもしれない。

how I continued there several weeks without knowing what course we took, and when I was put ashore in the longboat, how the sailors told me with oaths, whether true or false, that they knew not in what part of the world we were.

several weeks (数週間) [名] a period of time

put ashore (上陸させる) [動] go ashore

私が何週間もそこにいて、どんな進路をとったのかわからなかったことや、私が長艇で上陸させられたとき、船員たちが真実か嘘かわからないが、自分たちが世界のどこにいるのかわからないと誓いを立てて私に言ったことを。

However, I did then believe us to be about 10 degrees southward of the Cape of Good Hope, or about 45 degrees southern latitude, as I gathered from some general words I overheard among them, being, I supposed, to the southeast in their intended voyage to Madagascar.

about 10 degrees (約10度) [名] a unit of measurement for angles

about 45 degrees (約45度) [名] a unit of measurement for angles

some general words (いくつかの一般的な言葉) [名] words that are not specific

among them (彼らの間で) [前] in the middle of them

overhear (耳にする) [動] hear something accidentally

being (である) [動] exist or live

to the southeast (南東) [名] the direction halfway between south and east

their intended voyage (彼らが意図した航海) [名] the journey they planned to take

しかし、私は彼らの間で耳にしたいくつかの一般的な言葉から、私たちが喜望峰の南約10度、つまり南緯約45度にいると信じていた。彼らはマダガスカルへの航海を意図して南東に向かっていたのだろう。

And although this were little better than conjecture, yet I resolved to steer my course eastward, hoping to reach the southwest coast of New Holland, and perhaps some such island as I desired, lying westward of it.

これは推測にすぎなかったが、私はニューホランドの南西海岸にたどり着き、あるいはその西にある私が望むような島にたどり着くことを期待して、東に向かうことを決意した。

The wind was full west, and by six in the evening I computed I had gone eastward at least eighteen leagues;

full (西から) [形] complete or total

風は西から吹いており、夕方の6時までに私は少なくとも18リーグは東に向かったと計算した。

when I spied a very small island about half a league off, which I soon reached.

すると、半リーグほど先にとても小さな島を見つけ、すぐにたどり着いた。

It was nothing but a rock, with one creek naturally arched by the force of tempests.

nothing but (にすぎない) [副] only; no more than

arch (アーチ状になる) [動] to form or cause to form an arch

それは岩にすぎず、嵐の力で自然にアーチ状になった小川が1本あった。

Here I put in my canoe, and climbing a part of the rock, I could plainly discover land to the east extending from south to north.

put in (置く) [動] place something somewhere

ここで私はカヌーを置き、岩の一部を登ると、南から北に伸びる東の陸地をはっきりと発見することができた。

I lay all night in my canoe, and repeating my voyage early in the morning, I arrived in seven hours to the southwest point of New Holland.

early in the morning (早朝に) [副] in the early part of the morning

repeat (再開する) [動] do or say again

seven hours (7時間) [名] a period of time equal to seven 60-minute units

私は一晩中カヌーに横たわり、早朝に航海を再開して、7時間でニューホランドの南西端に到着した。

This confirmed me in the opinion I have long entertained, that the maps and charts place this country at least three degrees more to the east than it really is;

confirm (確信する) [動] to make certain or definite

opinion (考え) [名] a belief or judgment that rests on grounds insufficient to produce complete certainty

really (実際) [副] in fact; actually

これで、地図や海図はこの国を実際よりも少なくとも3度東に置いているという、私が長年抱いていた考えが確信に変わった。

which thought I communicated many years ago to my worthy friend Mr. Herman Moll, and gave him my reasons for it, although he has rather chosen to follow other authors.

many years ago (何年も前に) [副] a long time ago

Herman Moll (ハーマン・モル) [名] a German cartographer who lived in England

この考えを私は何年も前に私の友人であるハーマン・モル氏に伝え、その理由を説明したが、彼は他の著者に従うことを選んだ。

I saw no inhabitants in the place where I landed, and being unarmed, I was afraid of venturing far into the country.

unarmed (武器も持っていない) [形] not having a weapon

私は上陸した場所に住民を見かけなかったし、武器も持っていなかったので、国に深く入っていくのを恐れた。

I found some shellfish on the shore, and ate them raw, not daring to kindle a fire, for fear of being discovered by the natives.

raw (生) [形] not cooked

私は海岸で貝を見つけ、生で食べたが、原住民に発見されるのを恐れて火を起こす勇気はなかった。

I continued three days feeding on oysters and limpets, to save my own provisions;

oyster (カキ) [名] a bivalve mollusk

limpet (カサガイ) [名] a marine gastropod mollusk

私は自分の食料を節約するために、3日間カキとカサガイを食べ続けた。

and I fortunately found a brook of excellent water, which gave me great relief.

relief (安心) [名] a feeling of reassurance and relaxation following release from anxiety or distress

そして幸運にも素晴らしい水の流れを見つけ、とても安心した。

On the fourth day, venturing out a little too far, I saw twenty or thirty natives upon a height not above five hundred yards from me.

on the fourth day (4日目) [名] the fourth day of the week

venture out (出かける) [動] go out

a little too far (少し遠くまで) [副] a little bit more than is usual or expected

twenty or thirty (20人か30人) [名] the number 20 or 30

five hundred yards (500ヤード) [名] a unit of length equal to 3 feet or 36 inches

4日目、少し遠くまで出かけてみると、私から500ヤードも離れていない高台に20人か30人の原住民がいるのが見えた。

They were stark naked, men, women and children round a fire, as I could discover by the smoke.

stark naked (真っ裸) [形] completely naked

彼らは真っ裸で、男も女も子供も火を囲んでいて、煙でそれがわかった。

One of them spied me, and gave notice to the rest;

そのうちの一人が私を見つけて、残りの者に知らせた。

five of them advanced towards me, leaving the women and children at the fire.

彼らのうちの5人が、女子供を火のそばに残して私の方へ近づいてきた。

I made what haste I could to the shore, and, getting into my canoe, shoved off: the savages, observing me retreat, ran after me, and before I could get far enough into the sea, discharged an arrow, which wounded me deeply on the inside of my left knee (I shall carry the mark to my grave).

shove off (押し出す) [動] push something away from oneself

run after (追いかける) [動] chase

far enough (十分に遠く) [副] to a sufficient extent or degree

inside (内側) [名] the inner part of something

私はできるだけ急いで岸に行き、カヌーに乗り込んで押し出した。野蛮人たちは私が退却するのを見て、私の後を追いかけてきて、私が海に十分に遠くに出るまで矢を放ち、私の左膝の内側に深い傷を負わせた(私はその傷跡を墓場まで持っていくだろう)。

I apprehended the arrow might be poisoned, and paddling out of the reach of their darts (being a calm day), I made a shift to suck the wound, and dress it as well as I could.

dress (手当てする) [動] to put a bandage or other covering on a wound

私は矢に毒が塗られているのではないかと心配し、(穏やかな日だったので)彼らの矢の届かないところまで漕ぎ出し、傷口を吸い、できるだけ手当てをした。

I was at a loss what to do, for I durst not return to the same landing place, but stood to the north, and was forced to paddle;

be at a loss (途方に暮れる) [動] be confused or uncertain about what to do

landing place (上陸地点) [名] a place where people or things are landed

paddle (漕ぐ) [動] propel a boat with a paddle

私はどうしたらいいか途方に暮れたが、同じ上陸地点に戻る勇気はなかったので、北に向かって立ち、漕ぐことを余儀なくされた。

for the wind, though very gentle, was against me, blowing northwest.

風は非常に穏やかだったが、北西に吹いていて、私に逆らっていたからだ。

As I was looking about for a secure landing place, I saw a sail to the north-north-east, which appearing every minute more visible, I was in some doubt whether I should wait for them or not;

look about (探す) [動] search for something

every minute (刻々と) [副] continuously

安全な上陸地点を探していると、北北東に帆が見え、刻々と見えてきたので、待つべきかどうか迷った。

but at last my detestation of the _yahoo_ race prevailed;

しかし、ついに私のヤフー族に対する嫌悪感が勝った。

and turning my canoe, I sailed and paddled together to the south, and got into the same creek whence I set out in the morning, choosing rather to trust myself among these barbarians, than live with European _yahoos_.

そしてカヌーを回して、南に向かって帆を張り、漕ぎ出し、朝出発した同じ小川に入り、ヨーロッパのヤフーたちと暮らすよりも、この野蛮人たちの中に身を置くことを選んだ。

I drew up my canoe as close as I could to the shore, and hid myself behind a stone by the little brook, which, as I have already said, was excellent water.

as close as I could (できるだけ近づけて) [副] as near as possible

as I have already said (すでに述べたように) [副] as I said before

私はカヌーを岸にできるだけ近づけて引き上げ、すでに述べたように水質の良い小川のそばの石の陰に身を隠した。

The ship came within half a league of this creek, and sent her longboat with vessels to take in fresh water (for the place, it seems, was very well known), but I did not observe it till the boat was almost on shore;

come within (近づく) [動] to approach or come close to

take in (汲む) [動] to absorb or assimilate

船はこの小川の半リーグ以内に近づき、真水を汲むために長艇を送り出した(この場所はよく知られていたらしい)が、私はボートが岸に着くまで気がつかなかった。

and it was too late to seek another hiding place.

too late (遅すぎる) [副] after the proper or usual time

seek (探す) [動] try to find or obtain

そして、別の隠れ場所を探すには遅すぎた。

The seamen at their landing observed my canoe, and rummaging it all over, easily conjectured that the owner could not be far off.

rummage (探す) [動] search something thoroughly

船員たちは上陸すると私のカヌーを見つけ、中をくまなく探して、持ち主が遠くにいるはずがないと簡単に推測した。

Four of them, well armed, searched every cranny and lurking hole, till at last they found me flat on my face behind the stone.

well armed (十分に武装して) [形] having a lot of weapons

search (探し回る) [動] look through or go over carefully in order to find something

lurking hole (潜伏穴) [名] a hole where someone or something can hide

flat (うつ伏せ) [形] lying down with the front of the body facing down

彼らのうち四人は、十分に武装して、あらゆる割れ目や潜伏穴を探し回り、ついに石の陰でうつ伏せになっている私を見つけた。

They gazed awhile in admiration at my strange uncouth dress;

uncouth (野暮ったい) [形] lacking good manners, refinement, or taste

彼らはしばらく私の奇妙で野暮ったい服装を感心して眺めていた。

my coat made of skins, my wooden shoes and my furred stockings;

make of (でできた) [動] be made of

fur (毛皮) [名] the hair of an animal

私の皮でできた上着、木靴、毛皮の靴下を。

whence, however, they concluded I was not a native of the place, who all go naked.

naked (裸) [形] without clothes or covering

だが、それによって、彼らは私がこの土地の原住民ではないと結論した。原住民は皆裸でいるからだ。

One of the seamen, in Portuguese, bid me rise, and asked me who I was.

Portuguese (ポルトガル語) [名] the Romance language of Portugal

bid (言う) [動] to express (a greeting, farewell, or good wishes)

船員の一人がポルトガル語で私に起き上がるように言い、私が誰かを尋ねた。

I understood that language very well, and getting upon my feet, said I was a poor _yahoo_, banished from the Houyhnhnms, and desired they would please to let me depart.

get upon one's feet (立ち上がる) [動] rise to a standing position

私はその言葉をよく理解していたので、立ち上がって、私はフウイヌムから追放された哀れなヤフーだと答え、どうか私を去らせてほしいと頼んだ。

They admired to hear me answer them in their own tongue, and saw by my complexion I must be a European; but were at a loss to know what I meant by _yahoos_ and Houyhnhnms; and at the same time fell a-laughing at my strange tone in speaking, which resembled the neighing of a horse.

admire (驚く) [動] feel or show admiration for

fall a-laughing (笑い出す) [動] start laughing

tone (話しぶり) [名] the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.

彼らは私が自分たちの言葉で答えるのを聞いて驚き、私の顔色から私がヨーロッパ人であることを悟ったが、ヤフーやフウイヌムとはどういう意味か分からず、同時に私の馬のいななきのような奇妙な話しぶりを笑い出した。

I trembled all the while betwixt fear and hatred.

私は恐怖と憎しみの間でずっと震えていた。

I again desired leave to depart, and was gently moving to my canoe;

move (歩き出す) [動] change position or location

私は再び出発の許可を求め、ゆっくりとカヌーの方に歩き出した。

but they laid hold of me, desiring to know what country I was of, whence I came, with many other questions.

lay hold of (捕まえる) [動] to take and hold

しかし、彼らは私を捕まえ、どこの国の人か、どこから来たのか、その他いろいろなことを知りたがったので、

I told them I was born in England, whence I came about five years ago, and then their country and ours were at peace.

five years ago (五年前) [名] five years before the present time

私はイギリスで生まれ、五年前にそこを出て、その頃は彼らの国と我が国は平和だったと話した。

I therefore hoped they would not treat me as an enemy, since I meant them no harm;

だから、私は彼らに害を与えるつもりはないので、敵として扱わないでほしいと願った。

but was a poor _yahoo_, seeking some desolate place where to pass the remainder of his unfortunate life.

desolate (荒れ果てた) [形] uninhabited and in a state of ruin

不幸な人生を送る残りの日々を過ごすための荒れ果てた場所を探している哀れなヤフーだと言った。

When they began to talk, I thought I never heard or saw anything so unnatural;

彼らが話し始めると、私はこんな不自然なものは聞いたことも見たこともないと思った。

for it appeared to me as monstrous as if a dog or a cow should speak in England, or a _yahoo_ in Houyhnhnmland.

Houyhnhnmland (フウイヌム国) [名] a country in the story "Gulliver's Travels"

イギリスで犬や牛が話すとか、フウイヌム国でヤフーが話すといったように、私には奇怪なことに思えた。

The honest Portuguese were equally amazed at my strange dress, and the odd manner of delivering my words, which, however, they understood very well.

Portuguese (ポルトガル人) [名] a person from Portugal

equally (同様に) [副] in the same way

deliver (言う) [動] say or express something

正直なポルトガル人たちも、私の奇妙な服装や言葉の奇妙な言い回しに驚いていたが、それでも彼らは私の言うことをよく理解していた。

They spoke to me with great humanity, and said they were sure the captain would carry me gratis to Lisbon, whence I might return to my own country;

great humanity (とても親切に) [名] the quality of being kind to other people

gratis (無償で) [副] without cost or payment

Lisbon (リスボン) [名] the capital of Portugal

彼らは私にとても親切に話しかけ、船長が私を無償でリスボンまで連れて行ってくれるだろうから、そこから自分の国に帰れるだろうと言ってくれた。

that two of the seamen would go back to the ship, inform the captain of what they had seen, and receive his orders;

船員の二人が船に戻り、船長に見たことを報告して指示を仰ぐとのことだった。

in the meantime, unless I would give my solemn oath not to fly, they would secure me by force.

secure (捕まえる) [動] fasten or attach firmly

その間に、逃げないと厳かに誓わない限り、彼らは私を力ずくで捕まえるという。

I thought it best to comply with their proposal.

私は彼らの提案に従うのが最善だと思った。

They were very curious to know my story, but I gave them very little satisfaction, and they all conjectured that my misfortunes had impaired my reason.

be curious to know (知りたがる) [動] want to know

give satisfaction (満足に答える) [動] to be satisfactory or adequate

彼らは私の話を知りたがったが、私はほとんど満足に答えることができず、彼らは皆、私の不幸が私の理性を損なったのだと思った。

In two hours the boat, which went laden with vessels of water, returned with the captain’s command to fetch me on board.

fetch (連れて来る) [動] go and get someone or something

二時間後、水の入った容器を積んで行ったボートが、私を船に連れて来いという船長の命令を携えて戻ってきた。

I fell on my knees to preserve my liberty;

私は自由を守るためにひざまずいた。

but all was in vain; and the men having tied me with cords, heaved me into the boat, whence I was taken into the ship, and thence into the captain’s cabin.

heave (乗せる) [動] lift or carry with great effort

しかし、すべては無駄だった。そして、男たちは私を縄で縛り、ボートに乗せ、そこから船に連れて行かれ、船長室に入れられた。

His name was Pedro de Mendez; he was a very courteous and generous person.

Pedro de Mendez (ペドロ・デ・メンデス) [名] a character in Gulliver's Travels

彼の名前はペドロ・デ・メンデスで、とても礼儀正しく寛大な人だった。

He entreated me to give some account of myself, and desired to know what I would eat or drink;

give some account of (少し話す) [動] to give a report or description of

彼は私に自分のことを少し話してくれと頼み、何を食べたり飲んだりしたいか知りたがっていた。

said I should be used as well as himself;

私も彼と同じように扱われるべきだと言った。

and spoke so many obliging things, that I wondered to find such civilities from a _yahoo_.

thing (言葉) [名] a statement or remark

そして、とても多くの親切な言葉を話したので、私はヤフーからそのような礼儀正しさを見つけて驚いた。

However, I remained silent and sullen;

sullen (不機嫌な) [形] bad-tempered and sulky

しかし、私は黙って不機嫌なままだった。

I was ready to faint at the very smell of him and his men.

be ready to (しそうだった) [動] be about to do something

私は彼と彼の部下の匂いだけでも気絶しそうだった。

At last I desired something to eat out of my own canoe;

ついに私は自分のカヌーから何か食べたいと思った。

but he ordered me a chicken, and some excellent wine, and then directed that I should be put to bed in a very clean cabin.

chicken (鶏肉) [名] the meat of a chicken

しかし、彼は私に鶏肉と素晴らしいワインを注文し、それから私がとてもきれいな船室で寝かされるように指示した。

I would not undress myself, but lay on the bedclothes, and in half an hour stole out when I thought the crew were at dinner, and getting to the side of the ship, was going to leap into the sea and swim for my life, rather than continue among _yahoos_.

undress (服を脱ぐ) [動] take off one's clothes

steal out (抜け出す) [動] leave a place quietly and secretly

私は服を脱がずに寝具の上に横たわり、30分後には船員たちが夕食を食べていると思って抜け出し、船の横に着くと、ヤフーたちの中に居続けるよりも、海に飛び込んで泳いで逃げようとした。

But one of the seamen prevented me, and having informed the captain, I was chained to my cabin.

prevent (気づく) [動] stop from happening or arising

chain (鎖でつなぐ) [動] fasten or secure with a chain

しかし、船員の一人に気づかれ、船長に報告されたので、私は船室に鎖でつながれた。

After dinner, Don Pedro came to me, and desired to know my reason for so desperate an attempt;

after dinner (夕食後) [名] the time after dinner

Don Pedro (ドン・ペドロ) [名] a character in the story

夕食後、ドン・ペドロが私のところに来て、そんな無謀な試みをした理由を知りたがったので、

assured me he only meant to do me all the service he was able;

mean (したい) [動] to intend to convey or express

彼は私に、彼ができる限りの奉仕をしたいだけだと保証した。

and spoke so very movingly, that at last I descended to treat him like an animal which had some little portion of reason.

movingly (感動的に) [副] in a way that makes people feel strong emotions

そして、とても感動的に話したので、ついに私は彼を理性のある動物のように扱うようにまでなった。

I gave him a very short relation of my voyage;

very short (ごく簡単な) [形] extremely brief

私は彼に私の航海についてごく簡単に話した。

of the conspiracy against me by my own men;

私の部下による私に対する陰謀について、

of the country where they set me on shore, and of my five years’ residence there.

set on shore (岸に降ろす) [動] to put or place on the shore

five years (五年間) [名] a period of five years

彼らが私を岸に降ろした国について、そしてそこでの私の五年間の滞在について。

All which he looked upon as if it were a dream or a vision;

彼はそれをすべて夢か幻のように見ていた。

whereat I took great offense;

take offense (不快に思う) [動] feel resentful or annoyed

それを私はとても不快に思った。

for I had quite forgot the faculty of lying, so peculiar to _yahoos_ in all countries where they preside, and consequently, the disposition of suspecting truth in others of their own species.

suspect (疑う) [動] have an idea or impression of the existence, presence, or truth of (something) without certain proof

というのも、私は嘘をつく能力をすっかり忘れていたからで、それは彼らが支配するすべての国でヤフー特有のもので、その結果、彼ら自身の種の他のものの真実を疑う傾向がある。

I asked him whether it were the custom in his country to say the thing which was not.

be not (事実でない) [動] not be

私は彼に、彼の国では事実でないこと言うのが習慣なのかと尋ねた。

I assured him I had almost forgot what he meant by falsehood, and if I had lived a thousand years in Houyhnhnmland, I should never have heard a lie from the meanest servant;

私は彼に、彼が偽りと言うことで何を意味するのかほとんど忘れてしまったし、もし私がフウイヌムランドで千年生きても、最も卑しい召使から嘘を聞くことは決してなかっただろうと請け合った。

that I was altogether indifferent whether he believed me or no;

彼が私を信じるか信じないかは全く関心がないこと、

but however, in return for his favors, I would give so much allowance to the corruption of his nature, as to answer any objection he might please to make, and then he might easily discover the truth.

in return for (の見返りに) [前] as a return or recompense for

give allowance to (大目に見る) [動] to tolerate or allow

しかし、彼の好意に報いるために、私は彼の性質の堕落を大目に見て、彼が喜んでするどんな異議にも答え、そうすれば彼は簡単に真実を発見できるだろう。

The captain, a wise man, after many endeavors to catch me tripping in some part of my story, at last began to have a better opinion of my veracity, and the rather because he confessed he met with a Dutch skipper who pretended to have landed with five others of his crew on a certain island or continent south of New Holland, where they went for fresh water, and observed a horse driving before him several animals exactly resembling those I described under the name of _yahoos_, with some other particulars which the captain said he had forgotten, because he then considered them all to be lies.

trip (つまずく) [動] to catch one's foot on something and stumble

賢い船長は、私の話のどこかでつまずかせようと何度も努力した後、ついに私の真実性をより高く評価し始め、むしろ彼は、ニューホランドの南にある特定の島または大陸に他の5人の乗組員と一緒に上陸したふりをするオランダの船長に会ったことを告白したため、彼らは真水を求めて行き、私が_ヤフー_という名前で説明したものと全く同じ動物を数匹前に追い立てている馬を観察したが、船長は当時はすべて嘘だと思っていたため、他の詳細は忘れてしまったと言った。

But he added that since I professed so inviolable an attachment to truth, I must give him my word and honor to bear him company in this voyage without attempting anything against my life, or else he would continue to hold me a prisoner till we arrived at Lisbon.

inviolable (侵すべからざる) [形] that cannot or should not be violated

attachment (愛着) [名] a feeling of affection or loyalty

company (彼) [名] a person or group of people

しかし彼は、私が真実への愛着を侵すべからざるものだと公言している以上、私の命に反することを何もせずにこの航海に同行するという約束と名誉を彼に与えなければならない、さもなければ彼はリスボンに到着するまで私を囚人として拘束し続けるだろうと付け加えた。

I gave him the required promise, but at the same time I protested that I would suffer the greatest hardships rather than return to live among _yahoos_.

suffer (耐える) [動] undergo or feel pain or distress

hardship (困難) [名] a state of difficulty or misfortune

私は彼に必要な約束をしたが、同時に私は_ヤフー_の中で生きるよりも最大の困難に耐えると抗議した。

Our voyage passed without any considerable accident.

considerable (大きな) [形] large in size or amount

私たちの航海は大きな事故もなく過ぎた。

In gratitude to the captain, I sometimes sat with him at his earnest request, and strove to conceal my antipathy against human kind, although it often broke out, which he suffered to pass without observation.

earnest (熱心な) [形] very serious or intense

break out (爆発する) [動] to develop suddenly

船長への感謝の気持ちから、私は時々彼の熱心な要請で彼と一緒に座り、人間に対する私の反感を隠そうと努力したが、それはしばしば爆発し、彼はそれを観察せずに過ごした。

But the greatest part of the day I confined myself to my cabin, to avoid seeing any of the crew.

the greatest part of the day (一日のほとんど) [名] the majority of the day

しかし、私は一日のほとんどを船室に閉じこもり、乗組員と会わないようにしていた。

The captain had often entreated me to strip myself of my savage dress, and offered to lend me the best suit of clothes he had.

船長はよく私に野蛮な服を脱ぐように懇願し、彼が持っている一番いい服を貸してくれると申し出た。

This I would not be prevailed on to accept, abhorring to cover myself with anything that had been on the back of a _yahoo_;

これを受け入れることはできなかった。ヤフーの背中にあったもので身を覆うことを嫌ったからだ。

I only desired he would lend me two clean shirts, which having been washed since he wore them, I believed would not so much defile me.

defile (汚す) [動] make dirty or impure

私は彼が着てから洗濯したきれいなシャツを二枚貸してくれることだけを望んだ。

These I changed every second day, and washed them myself.

every second day (一日おきに) [副] on alternate days

change (着替える) [動] put on different clothes

これらは一日おきに着替えて、自分で洗濯した。

We arrived at Lisbon, November 5th, 1715.

November 5th, 1715 (1715年11月5日) [名] a date

我々は1715年11月5日にリスボンに到着した。

At our landing, the captain forced me to cover myself with his cloak, to prevent the rabble from crowding about me.

cloak (マント) [名] a loose outer garment

上陸すると、船長は私に自分のマントを着せ、群衆が私の周りに群がらないようにした。

I was conveyed to his own house;

私は彼の家に運ばれた。

and at my earnest request he led me up to the highest room backwards.

そして私の熱心な頼みにより、彼は私を後ろ向きに一番上の部屋に連れて行った。

I conjured him to conceal from all persons what I had told him of the Houyhnhnms; because the least hint of such a story would not only draw numbers of people to see me, but probably put me in danger of being imprisoned, or burnt by the Inquisition.

draw (押し寄せる) [動] attract or cause to come

imprisoned (投獄される) [動] put or keep in prison

burnt (火あぶりにされる) [動] be on fire

Inquisition (異端審問) [名] a judicial institution established by the Roman Catholic Church to combat heresy

私は彼に、私がフウイヌムについて話したことを誰にも漏らさないように懇願した。なぜなら、そのような話のわずかなヒントでさえ、私に会いに来る人が大勢押し寄せるだけでなく、おそらく私が投獄されたり、異端審問で火あぶりにされる危険にさらされるからだ。

The captain persuaded me to accept a suit of clothes newly made, but I would not suffer the tailor to take my measure;

newly (新調した) [副] recently; lately

suffer (させようとはしなかった) [動] allow or admit

船長は私に新調した服を受け取るように説得したが、私は仕立て屋に寸法を測らせようとはしなかった。

however, Don Pedro being almost of my size, they fitted me well enough.

しかし、ドン・ペドロは私とほぼ同じサイズだったので、私に十分にフィットした。

He accoutered me with other necessaries, all new, which I aired for twenty-four hours before I would use them.

accoutre (用意する) [動] to provide with equipment or clothing

new (新品) [形] not existing before; made, introduced, or discovered recently or now for the first time

air (風に当てる) [動] to expose to the open air

彼は私に他の必需品も用意してくれたが、どれも新品だったので、私はそれらを使う前に24時間風に当てた。

The captain had no wife, nor above three servants, none of which were suffered to attend at meals;

船長には妻もいなかったし、召使も三人以上いなかったが、食事には誰も付き添えなかった。

and his whole deportment was so obliging, added to very good human understanding, that I really began to tolerate his company.

tolerate (耐える) [動] to allow the existence, occurrence, or practice of something that one does not necessarily like or agree with

そして彼の態度は全体的にとても親切で、人間に対する理解も深かったので、私は本当に彼と付き合うことに耐えられるようになった。

He gained so far upon me, that I ventured to look out of the back window.

gain upon (説得する) [動] to persuade or convince

look out of (外を見る) [動] to look through a window or other opening

彼は私をここまで説得したので、私は思い切って後ろの窓から外を見た。

By degrees I was brought into another room, whence I peeped into the street, but drew my head back in a fright.

次第に私は別の部屋に連れて行かれ、そこから通りを覗き込んだが、恐怖で頭を引っ込めた。

In a week’s time he seduced me down to the door.

in a week's time (一週間のうちに) [副] within a week

seduce (誘い出す) [動] persuade or lead astray, as from duty, rectitude, or the like

down to (まで) [前] all the way to

一週間のうちに彼は私を玄関まで誘い出した。

I found my terror gradually lessened, but my hatred and contempt seemed to increase.

私の恐怖は次第に薄れていったが、憎しみと軽蔑は増していったようだった。

I was at last bold enough to walk the street in his company, but kept my nose well stopped with rue, and sometimes with tobacco.

stop (塞ぐ) [動] prevent from moving or operating

rue (ヘンルーダ) [名] a strongly scented evergreen shrub with bitter leaves, formerly used in medicine

tobacco (タバコ) [名] a plant grown for its leaves, which are dried and fermented before being smoked or chewed

ついに私は彼と一緒に通りを歩く勇気を持ったが、鼻をヘンルーダで、時にはタバコで塞いでいた。

In ten days, Don Pedro, to whom I had given some account of my domestic affairs, put it upon me, as a matter of honor and conscience, that I ought to return to my native country, and live at home with my wife and children.

give an account of (話す) [動] to tell someone about something

domestic affairs (家庭の事情) [名] matters relating to one's home or family

put it upon (言う) [動] to say something to someone

matter of honor (名誉の問題) [名] a question of one's reputation or good name

live at home (家で暮らす) [動] to reside in one's own home

十日後、私が家庭の事情を話したドン・ペドロは、名誉と良心の問題として、私は母国に帰り、妻や子供たちと一緒に家で暮らすべきだと言った。

He told me there was an English ship in port just ready to sail, and he would furnish me with all things necessary.

彼は、港にイギリスの船が出航の準備をしており、必要なものはすべて用意してくれると言った。

It would be tedious to repeat his arguments, and my contradictions.

contradiction (反論) [名] a statement that contradicts itself or that contradicts another statement

彼の議論と私の反論を繰り返すのは退屈だろう。

He said it was altogether impossible to find such a solitary island as I had desired to live in;

彼は、私が住みたいと思っているような孤島を見つけるのは全く不可能だと言い、

but I might command in my own house, and pass my time in a manner as recluse as I pleased.

recluse (隠遁生活) [名] a person who lives a solitary life and avoids other people

でも、私は自分の家で命令して、好きなように隠遁生活を送ることができる。

I complied at last, finding I could do no better.

私はついに従い、これ以上良いことはできないと悟った。

I left Lisbon the 24th day of November, in an English merchantman, but who was the master I never inquired.

the 24th day of November (11月24日) [名] the 24th day of the 11th month of the year

私は11月24日にリスボンをイギリスの商船で出発したが、船長が誰かは尋ねなかった。

Don Pedro accompanied me to the ship, and lent me twenty pounds.

twenty pounds (20ポンド) [名] a unit of currency in the United Kingdom

ドン・ペドロは船まで私に付き添い、20ポンドを貸してくれた。

He took kind leave of me, and embraced me at parting, which I bore as well as I could.

parting (別れ際) [名] the moment of leaving

彼は私に親切に別れを告げ、別れ際に抱きしめてくれたが、私はできるだけ耐えた。

During the last voyage I had no commerce with the master or any of his men;

have no commerce (交流がない) [動] have no social dealings

前回の航海では、船長や船員とは一切交流がなかった。

but pretending I was sick, kept close in my cabin.

keep (閉じこもる) [動] to stay or remain in a place or condition

しかし、私は病気のふりをして、船室に閉じこもっていた。

On the 5th of December, 1715, we cast anchor at the Downs, about nine in the morning, and at three in the afternoon I got safe to my house at Redriff.

on the 5th of December, 1715 (1715年12月5日) [名] a date

about nine in the morning (午前9時頃) [名] a time

at three in the afternoon (午後3時) [名] a time

got safe to (無事に着く) [動] to arrive safely at

house (自宅) [名] a place where someone lives permanently, especially as a member of a family or household

1715年12月5日、午前9時頃にダウンズに錨を下ろし、午後3時には無事にレッドリフの自宅に着いた。

My wife and family received me with great surprise and joy, because they concluded me certainly dead;

妻や家族は、私が死んだと確信していたので、とても驚き、喜んで迎えてくれた。

but I must freely confess the sight of them filled me only with hatred, disgust, and contempt, and the more, by reflecting on the near alliance I had to them.

disgust (嫌悪) [名] a feeling of intense dislike

alliance (関係) [名] a relationship in which people or groups work together

しかし、彼らの姿を見た私は、憎しみ、嫌悪、軽蔑の念でいっぱいになり、彼らとの親密な関係を振り返れば振り返るほど、その気持ちは強くなった。

For although, since my unfortunate exile from the Houyhnhnm country, I had compelled myself to tolerate the sight of _yahoos_, and to converse with Don Pedro de Mendez, yet my memory and imagination were perpetually filled with the virtues and ideas of those exalted Houyhnhnms.

exile (追放) [名] the state of being barred from one's native country

Don Pedro de Mendez (ドン・ペドロ・デ・メンデス) [名] a character in the novel Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift

というのも、不幸にもフウイヌム国から追放されて以来、私はヤフの姿に耐え、ドン・ペドロ・デ・メンデスと会話をすることを自分に強いていたが、私の記憶と想像力は常にあの高貴なフウイヌムたちの美徳と思想で満たされていたからである。

As soon as I entered the house, my wife took me in her arms and kissed me;

take (抱きしめる) [動] hold in one's arms

家に入るとすぐに妻が私を抱きしめてキスをしてきた。

at which, having not been used to the touch of that odious animal for so many years, I fell into a swoon for almost an hour.

at which (その瞬間) [副] at that time

have not been used to (慣れていなかった) [動] be not accustomed to

touch (触れられる) [名] the act of touching

swoon (気を失う) [名] a fainting fit

長年あの忌まわしい動物に触れられていなかった私は、その瞬間、一時間近くも気を失ってしまった。

At the time I am writing, it is five years since my last return to England.

at the time (時点で) [名] at the moment

私がこれを書いている時点で、イギリスに帰国してから5年が経っている。

During the first year, I could not endure my wife and children in my presence;

first year (最初の一年) [名] the first year of something

最初の一年は、妻や子供たちが目の前にいることに耐えられなかった。

the smell of them was intolerable;

intolerable (耐え難い) [形] too bad or severe to be endured

彼らの匂いが耐え難かった。

much less could I suffer them to eat in the same room.

ましてや同じ部屋で食事をさせるなんて耐えられなかった。

To this hour they dare not presume to touch my bread, or drink out of the same cup, neither was I ever able to let one of them take me by the hand.

to this hour (今でも) [副] up to the present time

take (握る) [動] grip or hold firmly

今でも彼らは私のパンに触れたり、同じカップから飲んだりしようとはしない。また、私は彼らの誰にも私の手を握らせることができなかった。

The first money I laid out was to buy two young horses, which I keep in a good stable;

lay out (支払う) [動] spend or pay

私が最初に支払ったお金は、2頭の若い馬を買うためだった。

and next to them the groom is my greatest favorite;

next to (次に) [前] immediately following

groom (馬丁) [名] a person who takes care of horses

そして、馬の次に好きなのは馬丁だ。

for I feel my spirits revived by the smell he contracts in the stable.

revive (回復する) [動] return to life or consciousness

馬丁が馬小屋で身につけた匂いで私の精神が回復する気がするからだ。

My horses understand me tolerably well;

私の馬は私をかなりよく理解している。

I converse with them at least four hours every day.

私は毎日少なくとも4時間は馬と会話する。

They are strangers to bridle and saddle;

馬たちは手綱や鞍を知らない。

they live in great amity with me, and friendship to each other.

馬たちは私ととても仲良く暮らしているし、馬同士も仲良しだ。

CHAPTER XII

CHAPTER XII (第十二章) [名] the twelfth chapter

第十二章

THE AUTHOR’S VERACITY—HIS DESIGN IN PUBLISHING THIS WORK—HIS CENSURE OF THOSE TRAVELERS WHO SWERVE FROM THE TRUTH—THE AUTHOR CLEARS HIMSELF FROM ANY SINISTER ENDS IN WRITING—AN OBJECTION ANSWERED—THE METHOD OF PLANTING COLONIES—HIS NATIVE COUNTRY COMMENDED—THE RIGHT OF THE CROWN TO THOSE COUNTRIES DESCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR IS JUSTIFIED—THE DIFFICULTY OF CONQUERING THEM—THE AUTHOR TAKES HIS LAST LEAVE OF THE READER; PROPOSES HIS MANNER OF LIVING FOR THE FUTURE; GIVES GOOD ADVICE, AND CONCLUDES.

SWERVE (逸れる) [動] turn aside from a straight course

CLEAR (身を清める) [動] free from obstruction or unwanted objects

WRITING (執筆) [名] the activity or occupation of writing

PLANTING (植える) [動] put (a plant) in the ground and cover with earth for growth

COLONY (植民地) [名] a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country

COMMENDED (賞賛する) [動] praise formally or officially

JUSTIFIED (正当化される) [動] show or prove to be right or reasonable

DIFFICULTY (難しさ) [名] the state or condition of being difficult

CONQUERING (征服すること) [動] overcome and take control of (a country or area) by military force

TAKE (告げる) [動] move or cause to move in a specified direction

LIVING (生きる) [動] be alive

ADVICE (アドバイス) [名] guidance or recommendations offered with regard to prudent future action

CONCLUDE (結論を出す) [動] bring (something) to an end

第十二章著者の真実性ーこの作品を出版する彼の計画ー真実から逸れる旅行者に対する彼の非難ー著者は執筆において邪悪な目的から身を清めるー異議に答えるー植民地を植える方法ー彼の母国を賞賛するー著者によって記述された国々に対する王冠の権利は正当化されるーそれらを征服することの難しさー著者は読者に最後の別れを告げる。未来の生き方を提案する。良いアドバイスを与えて、結論を出す。

Thus gentle reader, I have given thee a faithful history of my travels for sixteen years and above seven months;

sixteen years (十六年) [名] the period of time equal to 16 years

seven months (七ヶ月) [名] the period of time equal to 7 months

こうして、親切な読者よ、私は十六年と七ヶ月以上の私の旅の忠実な歴史をあなたに提供した。

wherein I have not been so studious of ornament as of truth.

その中で私は真実ほど装飾に熱心ではなかった。

I could perhaps, like others, have astonished thee with strange improbable tales;

others (他の人々) [名] other people

have astonished (驚かせた) [動] surprise greatly

thee (あなた) [代] the person being spoken to

tale (話) [名] a story about imaginary or real people and events that has a message

私も他の人々のように、奇妙なありえない話であなたを驚かせることができたかもしれない。

but I rather chose to relate plain matter of fact in the simplest manner and style, because my principal design was to inform, and not to amuse thee.

plain (ありのままの) [形] simple; ordinary; without much decoration or detail

simplest (最も単純な) [形] most easy to understand or do

しかし、私はむしろ、私の主な目的はあなたを楽しませることではなく、知らせることだったので、最も単純な方法とスタイルで事実のありのままを語ることを選んだ。

It is easy for us to travel into remote countries, which are seldom visited by Englishmen or other Europeans, to form descriptions of wonderful animals both at sea and land.

イギリス人や他のヨーロッパ人がめったに訪れない遠い国々を旅して、海と陸の両方で素晴らしい動物の説明をするのは簡単なことだ。

Whereas a traveler’s chief aim should be to make men wiser and better, and to improve their minds by the bad, as well as good example, of what they deliver concerning foreign places.

aim (目的) [名] the intention to do something

wiser (賢く) [形] having or showing wisdom

旅行者の主な目的は、人々をより賢く、より善良にし、外国に関する良い例だけでなく悪い例も含めて、彼らの心を向上させることであるべきだ。

I could heartily wish a law was enacted, that every traveler, before he were permitted to publish his voyages, should be obliged to make oath before the lord high chancellor, that all he intended to print was absolutely true to the best of his knowledge;

make oath (宣誓する) [動] make a formal promise or statement of fact

lord high chancellor (大法官) [名] the highest officer in the British judicial system

print (印刷する) [動] produce (books, newspapers, or other documents) by a mechanical process involving the transfer of ink to paper

to the best of one's knowledge (自分の知る限り) [副] as far as one knows or can tell

私は、すべての旅行者が、自分の旅を出版する前に、印刷しようとしている内容はすべて、自分の知る限り絶対に真実であると、大法官の前で宣誓することを義務付ける法律が制定されることを心から望んでいる。

for then the world would no longer be deceived, as it usually is, while some writers, to make their works pass the better upon the public, impose the grossest falsities on the unwary reader.

for then (そうすれば) [接] in that case

no longer (もはや) [副] not anymore

be deceived (騙される) [動] be tricked or misled

as it usually is (よくあることだが) [接] as is often the case

some writers (一部の作家) [名] a group of writers

to make (するために) [動] to cause to be or become

their works (自分の作品) [名] the works of the writers

pass the better (もっと受け入れてもらう) [動] be more accepted

upon the public (世間に) [名] the people as a whole

the grossest falsities (最もひどい偽り) [名] the most extreme falsehoods

on the unwary reader (不注意な読者に) [名] a reader who is not careful or cautious

そうすれば、世間はもはや騙されることはなくなるだろう。一部の作家は、自分の作品を世間にもっと受け入れてもらうために、不注意な読者に最もひどい偽りを押し付けている。

I have perused several books of travels with great delight in my younger days;

perused (読む) [動] read carefully

travel (旅行記) [名] a book about travels

私は若い頃、旅行記を何冊も読んで大いに楽しんだ。

but having since gone over most parts of the globe, and been able to contradict many fabulous accounts from my own observation, it has given me a great disgust against this part of reading, and some indignation to see the credulity of mankind so impudently abused.

go over (訪れる) [動] visit

contradict (反論する) [動] deny the truth of

fabulous (素晴らしい) [形] extremely good

disgust (嫌悪感) [名] a strong feeling of dislike

indignation (憤り) [名] anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment

しかし、それ以来、地球上のほとんどの場所を訪れ、自分の観察から多くの素晴らしい説明に反論することができたので、この部分の読書に大きな嫌悪感を抱き、人類の信憑性がそれほど厚かましく乱用されているのを見て、ある程度の憤りを感じた。

Therefore, since my acquaintance were pleased to think my poor endeavors might not be unacceptable to my country, I imposed on myself as a maxim never to be swerved from, that I would strictly adhere to truth;

poor (貧弱な) [形] lacking in quality or value

be unacceptable to (受け入れられない) [動] be not good enough for

impose on (課す) [動] force (something unwelcome) on

oneself (自分) [名] a person's own self

swerve from (逸れる) [動] turn aside from a straight course

adhere to (従う) [動] stick fast to

だから、私の知人が私の貧弱な努力が私の国に受け入れられないかもしれないと考えることを喜んでくれたので、私は決して逸れることのない格言として、私は厳密に真実に従うだろうと自分に課した。

neither indeed can I be ever under the least temptation to vary from it, while I retain in my mind the lectures and example of my noble master and the other illustrious Houyhnhnms of whom I had so long the honor to be a humble hearer.

the least (最も小さい) [形] smallest in amount or extent

temptation (誘惑) [名] a strong desire to do something, especially something wrong or unwise

retain (留める) [動] keep or hold on to

in my mind (心に) [名] the element of a person that enables them to be aware of the world and their experiences, to think, and to feel; the faculty of consciousness and thought

my noble master (高貴な主人) [名] a person who has people working for them, especially servants or slaves

of whom (その) [関] used to refer to a person or thing previously mentioned

I had (私は持っていた) [動] possess, own, or hold

the honor (光栄) [名] high respect; great esteem

to be (であること) [動] exist or live

a humble hearer (謙虚な聞き手) [名] a person who listens to something with a modest or low estimate of their own importance

実際、私が長い間謙虚な聞き手であったことを光栄に思っている高貴な主人や他の著名なフウイヌムの講義や手本を心に留めている限り、私は決してそれを変えようという誘惑に駆られることはない。

_... Nec si miserum Fortuna Sinonem_

_... Nec si miserum Fortuna Sinonem_

_Finxit, vanum etiam, mendacemque improba finget._

_Finxit, vanum etiam, mendacemque improba finget._ (_Finxit, vanum etiam, mendacemque improba finget._) [名] _Finxit, vanum etiam, mendacemque improba finget._

_Finxit, vanum etiam, mendacemque improba finget._

I know very well, how little reputation is to be got by writings which require neither genius nor learning, nor indeed any other talent except a good memory, or an exact journal.

天才も学問も、また実際のところ、良い記憶力や正確な日記以外の才能も必要としない著作によって得られる名声がどれほど小さいかを私はよく知っている。

I know likewise, that writers of travels, like dictionary-makers, are sunk into oblivion by the weight and bulk of those who come after, and therefore lie uppermost.

maker (編纂者) [名] a person who makes or produces something

oblivion (忘却) [名] the state of being unaware or unconscious of what is happening around one

bulk (量) [名] a large mass or quantity of something

同様に、旅行記の著者は、辞書編纂者と同じく、後から来る人々の重みと量によって忘却の彼方に沈み、そのために一番上にあることを私は知っている。

As it is highly probable, that such travelers who shall hereafter visit the countries described in this work of mine, may, by detecting my errors (if there be any), and adding many new discoveries of their own, jostle me out of vogue, and stand in my place, making the world forget that I was ever an author.

highly probable (非常に高い) [形] very likely

detect (見つける) [動] discover or notice the presence of

vogue (流行) [名] the prevailing fashion or style at a particular time

私のこの作品に描かれている国々を今後訪れる旅行者たちが、私の誤り(もしあれば)を見つけ出し、自分たちの新しい発見をたくさん加えることによって、私を流行から外し、私の代わりに立って、私がかつて作家だったことを世界に忘れさせてしまう可能性が非常に高い。

This indeed would be too great a mortification, if I wrote for fame;

私が名声のために書いたのであれば、これは確かにあまりにも大きな屈辱であろう。

but as my sole intention was the public good, I cannot be altogether disappointed.

good (善) [名] that which is morally right

disappointed (失望する) [動] feel sad or unhappy because something you hoped for or expected has not happened

しかし、私の唯一の意図は公益であったため、私は全く失望することはできない。

For who can read of the virtues I have mentioned in the glorious Houyhnhnms, without being ashamed of his own vices, when he considers himself as the reasoning, governing animal of his country?

glorious (栄光ある) [形] having or worthy of glory

be ashamed of (を恥じる) [動] be embarrassed or ashamed about

reasoning (理性的) [形] able to think, understand, and form judgments by a process of logic

なぜなら、自分を自国の理性的で支配的な動物だと考えたとき、私が栄光あるフウイヌムについて述べた美徳を読んで、自分の悪徳を恥じない人がいるだろうか?

I shall say nothing of those remote nations where the _yahoos_ preside;

ヤフーが支配する遠い国々については何も言わない。

among which the least corrupted are the Brobdingnagians, whose wise maxims in morality and government it would be our happiness to observe.

among which (その中で) [前] in or into the middle of

Brobdingnagians (ブロブディンナグ人) [名] a member of a race of giants in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

その中で最も堕落していないのはブロブディンナグ人であり、彼らの道徳と政治における賢明な格言を守ることは我々の幸せであろう。

But I forbear descanting farther, and rather leave the judicious reader to his own remarks and application.

descanting (論じる) [動] talk or write about something at length

remark (意見) [名] a comment or observation

しかし、私はこれ以上論じるのを控え、むしろ賢明な読者に自分の意見や応用を任せることにする。

I am not a little pleased that this work of mine can possibly meet with no censurers;

not a little (少なからず) [副] to a considerable extent

私のこの作品が批判されない可能性もあることを、私は少なからず喜んでいる。

for what objections can be made against a writer who relates only plain facts that happened in such distant countries, where we have not the least interest with respect either to trade or negotiations?

can be made (唱えることができる) [動] be able to be produced

plain (単純な) [形] simple; not elaborate

where (に関して) [接] in or to the place that

negotiation (交渉) [名] discussion aimed at reaching an agreement

貿易や交渉に関して我々が全く関心を持たないような遠い国で起こった単純な事実だけを語る作家に対して、どんな異議を唱えることができるだろうか?

I have carefully avoided every fault with which common writers of travels are often too justly charged.

fault (過ち) [名] a mistake or an error

charge (犯す) [動] accuse of a crime or offense

私は、旅行記の一般的な書き手がしばしば犯すあらゆる過ちを注意深く避けてきた。

Besides, I meddle not with any party, but write without passion, prejudice, or ill will against any man, or number of men whatsoever.

meddle (属さず) [動] interfere in something that is not your concern

whatsoever (どんな) [形] of any kind at all; whatever

その上、私はどの党派にも属さず、どんな人やどんな人数に対しても、情熱や偏見や悪意を持たずに書いている。

I write for the noblest end, to inform and instruct mankind;

私は人類に情報を与え、教えるという最も高貴な目的のために書いている。

over whom I may, without breach of modesty, pretend to some superiority, from the advantages I received by conversing so long among the most accomplished Houyhnhnms.

over whom (彼らに対して) [代] the people that are being talked about

superiority (優越感) [名] the quality or state of being superior

accomplished (優れた) [形] successfully completed or brought to an end

私が長い間最も優れたフウイヌムたちと会話することで得た利点から、私は謙虚さを失うことなく、彼らに対してある程度の優越感を抱くことができる。

I write without any view to profit or praise.

私は利益や賞賛を期待せずに書いている。

I never suffer a word to pass that may look like reflection, or possibly give the least offense, even to those who are most ready to take it.

suffer (口にする) [動] to allow or admit

pass (言う) [動] to say or utter

look like (見える) [動] to have the appearance of

offense (不快感) [名] something that causes annoyance or resentment

私は、反省のように見えたり、最も怒りっぽい人に対してでさえ、少しでも不快感を与えるような言葉を決して口にしない。

So that I hope I may with justice pronounce myself an author perfectly blameless;

pronounce (宣言する) [動] make a statement or declaration

blameless (非の打ち所のない) [形] without blame

だから私は、自分を完全に非の打ち所のない作家だと正当に宣言できると期待している。

against whom the tribes of answerers, considerers, observers, reflectors, detecters, remarkers, will never be able to find matter for exercising their talents.

against whom (私に対しては) [前] in opposition to

tribe (連中) [名] a social group or class having a particular culture, religion, language, and history

answerer (回答者) [名] a person who answers

considerer (考察者) [名] a person who considers

observer (観察者) [名] a person who observes

reflector (反省者) [名] a person who reflects

detecter (探偵者) [名] a person who detects

remarker (批評家) [名] a person who remarks

私に対しては、回答者、考察者、観察者、反省者、探偵者、批評家といった連中は、彼らの才能を発揮する材料を見つけることはできないだろう。

I confess, it was whispered to me that I was bound in duty, as a subject of England, to have given in a memorial to a secretary of state at my first coming over;

bound in duty (義務がある) [動] be required to do something

come over (帰国する) [動] come to visit

白状すると、私はイギリス臣民として、初めて帰国した際に国務長官に記念品を贈る義務があるという噂を耳にした。

because whatever lands are discovered by a subject, belong to the crown.

臣民が発見した土地はすべて王冠に属するからだ。

But I doubt whether our conquests in the countries I treat of, would be as easy as those of Ferdinando Cortez over the naked Americans.

conquest (征服) [名] the subjugation and assumption of control of a place or people by military force

Ferdinando Cortez (フェルディナンド・コルテス) [名] a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century

American (アメリカ人) [名] a citizen of the United States of America

しかし、私が扱っている国々での征服が、フェルディナンド・コルテスの裸のアメリカ人に対する征服ほど容易なものになるかどうかは疑問である。

The Lilliputians, I think, are hardly worth the charge of a fleet and an army to reduce them;

charge (動かす) [動] to move or cause to move with a rush or at high speed

リリパット人は、彼らを征服するために艦隊や軍隊を動かす価値はほとんどないと思う。

and I question whether it might be prudent or safe to attempt the Brobdingnagians; or whether an English army would be much at their ease with the Flying Island over their heads.

safe (安全な) [形] free from danger or risk; not likely to cause or lead to harm, injury, or loss

attempt (挑む) [動] make an effort to achieve something

Brobdingnagian (ブロブディンナグ人) [名] a giant

ease (安心) [名] a state of being comfortable or relaxed

head (頭上) [名] the upper or front part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, typically separated from the rest of the body by a neck

ブロブディンナグ人に挑むのが賢明で安全なことなのかどうか、また、イギリス軍が頭上に空飛ぶ島を抱えて安心できるかどうかは疑問である。

The Houyhnhnms indeed appear not to be so well prepared for war, a science to which they are perfect strangers, and especially against missive weapons.

確かにフウイヌムは、彼らが全く知らない科学である戦争、特に飛び道具に対する準備があまりできていないように見える。

However, supposing myself to be a minister of state, I could never give my advice for invading them.

minister of state (国務大臣) [名] a member of a state government

しかし、私が国務大臣だとしても、彼らを侵略するよう助言することはできない。

Their prudence, unanimity, unacquaintedness with fear, and their love of their country, would amply supply all defects in the military art.

unanimity (全会一致) [名] the quality or state of being unanimous

unacquaintedness (知らないこと) [名] the state of being unacquainted

彼らの賢明さ、全会一致、恐怖を知らないこと、そして祖国への愛は、軍事技術のあらゆる欠陥を十分に補うだろう。

Imagine twenty thousand of them breaking into the midst of a European army, confounding the ranks, overturning the carriages, battering the warriors’ faces into mummy by terrible yerks from their hinder hoofs;

break into (突入する) [動] enter forcibly

batter (打ちのめす) [動] hit or strike repeatedly and violently

warrior (戦士) [名] a person who fights in battles

mummy (ミイラ) [名] a dead body preserved for burial by the ancient Egyptians

yerk (蹴り) [名] a sharp blow or jerk

彼ら二万頭がヨーロッパ軍の真ん中に突入し、隊列を混乱させ、馬車をひっくり返し、後ろ足で恐ろしい蹴りを入れて戦士たちの顔をミイラのように打ちのめすところを想像してみてほしい。

for they would well deserve the character given to Augustus, _Recalcitrat undique tutus_.

given (与えられた) [動] transfer the possession of something to someone

Recalcitrat undique tutus (どこからでも蹴り返す) [名] a Latin phrase meaning "kicks back from everywhere"

彼らはアウグストゥスに与えられた「Recalcitrat undique tutus(どこからでも蹴り返す)」という性格にふさわしい。

But instead of proposals for conquering that magnanimous nation, I rather wish they were in a capacity, or disposition, to send a sufficient number of their inhabitants for civilizing Europe, by teaching us the first principles of honor, justice, truth, temperance, public spirit, fortitude, chastity, friendship, benevolence, and fidelity.

conquer (征服する) [動] overcome and take control of a country or area by force

magnanimous (寛大な) [形] very generous or forgiving, especially towards a rival or someone less powerful than oneself

first principle (第一原理) [名] a basic, foundational, or primary rule or law on which other rules or laws are based

fortitude (不屈の精神) [名] courage in facing pain or adversity

しかし、この寛大な国を征服する提案をする代わりに、むしろ彼らが、名誉、正義、真実、節制、公共心、不屈の精神、純潔、友情、慈悲、忠実さの第一原理を教えてくれる、十分な数の住民をヨーロッパに送り込む能力や気質を備えていてほしいと思う。

The names of all which virtues are still retained among us in most languages, and are to be met with in modern as well as ancient authors;

retain (残る) [動] continue to have

meet with (見られる) [動] come across

これらの徳の名前は、ほとんどの言語で今も残っており、古代の作家だけでなく現代の作家にも見られる。

which I am able to assert from my own small reading.

私自身のわずかな読書経験から断言できる。

But I had another reason, which made me less forward to enlarge his majesty’s dominions by my discoveries.

forward (乗り気) [形] eager or willing

しかし、私にはもう一つの理由があって、私の発見によって陛下の領土を拡大することにあまり乗り気ではなかった。

To say the truth, I had conceived a few scruples with relation to the distributive justice of princes upon those occasions.

distributive justice (分配的正義) [名] the fair distribution of benefits and burdens

実を言うと、私はそういった場合に王侯が行う分配的正義に関して、いくつかの疑念を抱いていた。

For instance, a crew of pirates are driven by a storm they know not whither;

crew (一団) [名] a group of people who work together

whither (どことも知れぬ場所) [副] to what place or state

例えば、海賊の一団がどことも知れぬ場所に嵐に吹き寄せられる。

at length a boy discovers land from the topmast;

やがて少年がトップマストから陸地を発見する。

they go on shore to rob and plunder;

rob (強盗する) [動] take property unlawfully from a person or place by force or threat of force

彼らは強盗や略奪をするために上陸する。

they see a harmless people;

彼らは無害な人々を目にする。

are entertained with kindness;

親切にもてなされる。

they give the country a new name;

彼らはその国に新しい名前をつける。

they take formal possession of it for their king;

take possession of (占領する) [動] to take control of something

彼らは国王のためにその国を正式に占領する。

they set up a rotten plank, or a stone, for a memorial;

set up (立てる) [動] to put something in a position

rotten (腐った) [形] decayed or decomposed

plank (厚板) [名] a long, flat, thin piece of wood

彼らは記念に腐った厚板や石を立てた。

they murder two or three dozen of the natives, bring away a couple more by force, for a sample;

two or three dozen (二、三十) [名] a group of twelve things

bring away (連れ去る) [動] take someone or something away from a place

sample (見本) [名] a small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like

彼らは二、三十人の原住民を殺害し、見本としてさらに二、三人を力ずくで連れ去る。

return home, and get their pardon.

pardon (恩赦) [名] the official forgiveness of a crime

帰国して、恩赦を受ける。

Here commences a new dominion, acquired with a title by divine right.

commence (始まる) [動] begin

divine right (神権政治) [名] the right of a monarch to rule by virtue of his or her birth

こうして神権政治の称号を得た新しい支配が始まる。

Ships are sent with the first opportunity;

最初の機会に船が送られる。

the natives driven out, or destroyed;

drive out (追い出す) [動] force to leave

原住民は追い出されるか、滅ぼされる。

their princes tortured to discover their gold;

彼らの王子は金のありかを吐かせるために拷問される。

a free license given to all acts of inhumanity and lust, the earth reeking with the blood of its inhabitants;

a free license (自由な許可) [名] a permission to do something without any restrictions

given (与えられる) [動] to be given or presented

all acts (あらゆる行為) [名] all the things that someone does

inhumanity (非人道性) [名] the quality of being cruel or unfeeling

reek (どろどろになる) [動] to be full of something unpleasant

あらゆる非人道的行為や欲望に自由な許可が与えられ、大地は住民の血でどろどろになる。

and this execrable crew of butchers, employed in so pious an expedition, is a modern colony, sent to convert and civilize an idolatrous and barbarous people.

butcher (屠殺者) [名] a person who slaughters animals for food

pious (敬虔な) [形] devoutly religious

expedition (遠征) [名] a journey of exploration, discovery, or research

convert (改宗させる) [動] cause to change from one religion, belief, or opinion to another

そして、この敬虔な遠征に雇われたこの忌まわしい屠殺者たちは、偶像崇拝的で野蛮な人々を改宗させ、文明化するために送られた現代の植民地である。

But this description, I confess, does by no means affect the British nation, who may be an example to the whole world for their wisdom, care, and justice in planting colonies;

British (イギリスの) [形] of or relating to Great Britain or its people

しかし、この説明は、イギリス国民には決して影響を与えないことを認める。イギリス国民は、植民地を建設する際の知恵、注意、正義において全世界の模範となるかもしれない。

their liberal endowments for the advancement of religion and learning;

宗教と学問の進歩のための彼らの寛大な寄付。

their choice of devout and able pastors to propagate Christianity;

devout (敬虔な) [形] having or showing deep religious feeling

able (有能な) [形] having or showing the necessary skill, knowledge, or means to do something

pastor (牧師) [名] a minister in charge of a Christian church

キリスト教を広めるために敬虔で有能な牧師を選んだこと。

their caution in stocking their provinces with people of sober lives and conversations from this the mother kingdom;

mother kingdom (母国) [名] the country where one was born

彼らの属州をこの母国から来た地味な生活と会話をする人々で満たすことへの注意。

their strict regard to the distribution of justice, in supplying the civil administration through all their colonies with officers of the greatest abilities, utter strangers to corruption;

distribution (分配) [名] the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients

civil administration (民政) [名] the management of civilian affairs

彼らの属州全体に、汚職とは無縁の最も有能な役人を配置して、民政を支えることで、正義の分配を厳しく守っていること。

and, to crown all, by sending the most vigilant and virtuous governors, who have no other views than the happiness of the people over whom they preside, and the honor of the king their master.

crown (冠する) [動] to be the most successful or most important part of something

vigilant (用心深い) [形] keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties

preside (統治する) [動] be in charge of or manage

そして、何よりも、彼らが統治する人々の幸福と彼らの主君である王の栄誉以外に何も考えていない、最も用心深く高潔な知事を派遣することである。

But as those countries which I have described, do not appear to have any desire of being conquered and enslaved, murdered or driven out, by colonies;

しかし、私が述べた国々は、植民地によって征服され、奴隷にされ、殺害され、あるいは追い出されることを望んでいるようには見えないので、

nor abound either in gold, silver, sugar, or tobacco;

金、銀、砂糖、タバコも豊富ではない。

I did humbly conceive, they were by no means proper objects of our zeal, our valor or our interest.

私には、それらの国々は、我々の熱意、勇気、利益の対象には決してならないと謙虚に考えた。

However, if those whom it more concerns think fit to be of another opinion, I am ready to depose, when I shall be lawfully called, that no European did ever visit those countries before me.

concern (関係する) [動] be about or connected with

think fit (適当だと考える) [動] consider appropriate

be ready to (する用意がある) [動] be prepared to

depose (証言する) [動] testify

しかし、もっと関係のある人が別の意見を持つのが適当だと考えるなら、私は合法的に呼ばれたら、私より前にヨーロッパ人がこれらの国を訪れたことは一度もないと証言する用意がある。

I mean, if the inhabitants ought to be believed, unless a dispute may arise concerning the two _yahoos_, said to have been seen many years ago upon a mountain in Houyhnhnmland, whence the opinion is, that the race of those brutes has descended;

ought to be believed (信じるべきである) [動] should be believed

Houyhnhnmland (フウイヌムランド) [名] the land of the Houyhnhnms in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels

つまり、住民の言うことを信じるならば、何年も前にフウイヌムランドの山で目撃されたという二匹のヤフーに関する論争が起こらない限り、この野蛮な種族はそこから来たという説がある。

and these, for anything I know, may have been English.

for anything I know (私の知る限り) [副] to the best of my knowledge

may have been (だったかもしれない) [助] used to express possibility in the past

そして、私の知る限り、これらは英語だったかもしれない。

This, indeed, I was apt to suspect from the lineaments of their posterity’s countenances, although they were much defaced.

deface (傷む) [動] spoil the surface or appearance of

実際、私は彼らの子孫の顔の輪郭から、かなり傷んではいたが、そうではないかと疑っていた。

But how far that will go toward making out a title, I leave to the learned in colony law.

make out (主張する) [動] to assert or state

colony law (植民地法) [名] the law of a colony

しかし、それがどれほど権利を主張することになるかは、植民地法の専門家に任せる。

But as to the formality of taking possession in my sovereign’s name, it never came once into my thoughts;

formality (形式) [名] the quality or condition of being formal

take possession (所有権を主張する) [動] to take control of something

sovereign (主権者) [名] a supreme ruler

come into one's thoughts (考えに浮かぶ) [動] to occur to someone

しかし、私の主権者の名において所有権を主張するという形式については、一度も考えたことはなかった。

and if it had, yet, as my affairs then stood, I should perhaps, in point of prudence and self-preservation, have put it off to a better opportunity.

if it had (もしそうだったとしても) [接] if it had happened

as my affairs then stood (私の状況が当時のままだったなら) [接] if my situation had remained the same

in point of (の観点から) [前] in terms of

put off (延期する) [動] postpone

そして、もしそうだったとしても、私の状況が当時のままだったなら、私はおそらく、慎重さと自己保存の観点から、より良い機会までそれを延期しただろう。

Having thus answered the only objection that can ever be raised against me as a traveler, I here take a final leave of all my courteous readers, and return to enjoy my own speculations in my little garden at Redriff;

having thus answered (答えた上で) [動] to say or write something in reply to a question

the only objection (唯一の異議) [名] an expression of opposition to or disapproval of something

can ever be raised (起こりうる) [動] be possible

against me (私に対して) [前] in opposition to

as a traveler (旅行者として) [名] someone who travels

I here take a final leave (最後の別れを告げる) [動] to go away from a place or person

of all my courteous readers (すべての礼儀正しい読者に) [名] someone who reads

and return to enjoy (戻って楽しむ) [動] to take delight or pleasure in

my own speculations (自分自身の思索) [名] the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence

in my little garden (私の小さな庭で) [名] a piece of land where plants (such as flowers or vegetables) are grown

at Redriff (レッドリフにある) [名] a district in south-east London

こうして、旅行者としての私に対して起こりうる唯一の異議に答えた上で、私はここですべての礼儀正しい読者に最後の別れを告げ、レッドリフにある私の小さな庭で自分自身の思索を楽しむために戻る。

to apply those excellent lessons of virtue which I learned among the Houyhnhnms;

フウイヌムの中で学んだ美徳の素晴らしい教訓を適用するためだ。

to instruct the _yahoos_ of my own family, as far as I shall find them docile animals;

docile (従順な) [形] easy to manage or control

私の家族のヤフーを、彼らが従順な動物である限り、指導するためだ。

to behold my figure often in a glass, and thus, if possible, habituate myself by time to tolerate the sight of a human creature;

habituate (慣れていく) [動] make or become accustomed to something

tolerate (耐えられる) [動] allow the existence, occurrence, or practice of (something that one dislikes or disagrees with) without interference

鏡に映った自分の姿をよく眺め、そうして、可能ならば、人間の姿に耐えられるよう、時間をかけて慣れていくためだ。

to lament the brutality of Houyhnhnms in my own country, but always treat their persons with respect, for the sake of my noble master, his family, his friends, and the whole Houyhnhnm race, whom these of ours have the honor to resemble in all their lineaments, however their intellectuals came to degenerate.

whom (誰) [関] used to introduce a relative clause referring to a person or animal previously mentioned

lineaments (容貌) [名] the features or outline of a person's face

however (いかに) [副] to whatever extent or degree

intellectual (知性) [名] a person possessing a highly developed intellect

私の国のフウイヌムの残忍さを嘆くためだが、私の高貴な主人、その家族、友人、そしてフウイヌム全体のために、彼らの知性がいかに退化しようとも、彼らの容貌がすべて似ている栄誉に浴している我が国の人々のために、彼らの人間性を常に尊重して扱うためだ。

I began last week to permit my wife to sit at dinner with me, at the farthest end of a long table;

last week (先週) [名] the week before the present one

farthest (一番端) [形] the most distant

私は先週から、妻が長いテーブルの一番端に座って私と一緒に食事をするのを許すようになった。

and to answer (but with the utmost brevity) the few questions I asked her.

そして、私が彼女に尋ねたいくつかの質問に答えるようになった(しかし、極めて簡潔に)。

Yet the smell of a _yahoo_ continuing very offensive, I always keep my nose well stopped with rue, lavender, or tobacco leaves.

keep (ふさぐ) [動] to cause to remain in a specified state

lavender (ラベンダー) [名] a Mediterranean plant with narrow leaves and spikes of lilac-blue flowers

それでも、ヤフーの臭いがとても不快なので、私はいつも鼻をヘンルーダ、ラベンダー、またはタバコの葉でしっかりふさいでいる。

And although it be hard for a man late in life to remove old habits, I am not altogether out of hopes, in some time, to suffer a neighbor _yahoo_ in my company, without the apprehensions I am yet under of his teeth or his claws.

late in life (人生の晩年) [名] the last part of a person's life

remove (捨てる) [動] get rid of

out of hope (希望を捨てる) [名] a feeling of expectation and desire for something to happen

そして、人生の晩年を迎えた人間が古い習慣を捨てるのは難しいことだが、私はいつか、近所のヤフーを、その歯や爪に対する不安を抱くことなく、私の仲間に入れてやれるようになるかもしれないという希望を捨ててはいない。

My reconcilement to the _yahoo_ kind in general might not be so difficult, if they would be content with those vices and follies only, which nature has entitled them to.

reconcilement (和解) [名] the restoration of friendly relations

content (満足する) [形] in a state of peaceful happiness

entitle (与える) [動] give (someone) a legal right or claim to something

ヤフーたちが、自然が彼らに与えた悪徳と愚行だけで満足するなら、私がヤフー全体と和解することはそれほど難しくはないかもしれない。

I am not in the least provoked at the sight of a lawyer, a pickpocket, a colonel, a fool, a lord, a gamester, a politician, a physician, an evidence, a suborner, an attorney, a traitor, or the like;

evidence (証人) [名] something that provides proof or evidence

suborner (偽証教唆者) [名] a person who persuades someone to commit perjury

attorney (代理人) [名] a person who is appointed to act for or manage the affairs of another

the like (その他そういった連中) [名] people or things of the same or a similar kind

私は、弁護士、スリ、大佐、愚か者、貴族、賭博師、政治家、医者、証人、偽証教唆者、代理人、裏切り者、その他そういった連中を見ても、少しも腹が立たない。

this is all according to the due course of things:

due course (当然の成り行き) [名] the natural or expected development of events

これらはすべて物事の当然の成り行きに従っている。

but when I behold a lump of deformity and diseases, both in body and mind, smitten with pride, it immediately breaks all the measures of my patience;

lump (塊) [名] a piece of something without a definite shape

break (超える) [動] to cause to be separated into pieces

measure (限界) [名] a limit on the amount or extent of something

しかし、肉体と精神の両方に醜さと病気を抱えた塊が、プライドに打ちのめされている姿を見ると、私の忍耐の限界を超えてしまう。

neither shall I be ever able to comprehend how such an animal, and such a vice, could tally together.

tally (一致する) [動] correspond or agree

そのような動物とそのような悪徳が、どうして一致し得るのか、私には理解できない。

The wise and virtuous Houyhnhnms, who abound in all the excellencies that can adorn a rational creature, have no name for this vice in their language;

excellency (美徳) [名] the quality of being excellent

adorn (飾り立てる) [動] make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

理性的な生き物を飾り立てることができるあらゆる美徳に富んだ賢く高潔なフウイヌムたちの言語には、この悪徳を表す言葉がない。

which has no terms to express anything that is evil, except those whereby they describe the detestable qualities of their _yahoos_; among which they were not able to distinguish this of pride for want of thoroughly understanding human nature, as it shows itself in other countries where that animal presides.

彼らの言語には、ヤフーの忌まわしい性質を表現する言葉以外に、悪を表現する言葉が存在しない。その中で彼らは、人間の本性を完全に理解していないために、このプライドを、その動物が支配する他の国々で見られるように区別することができなかった。

But I, who had more experience, could plainly observe some rudiments of it among the wild _yahoos_.

しかし、私にはもっと経験があったので、野生のヤフーの間にその初歩的なものがはっきりと見えた。

But the Houyhnhnms, who live under the government of reason, are no more proud of the good qualities they possess than I should be for not wanting a leg or an arm;

しかし、理性の支配のもとで生きるフウイヌムたちは、私が手足を欠いていないことに誇りを持たないのと同じように、自分たちの優れた資質を誇りに思っていない。

which no man in his wits would boast of, although he must be miserable without them.

in one's wits (正気な) [形] sane

手足がなければ惨めになるに違いないが、正気な人間なら誰も自慢しないだろう。

I dwell the longer upon this subject, from the desire I have to make the society of an English _yahoo_ by any means not insupportable;

this subject (この問題) [名] the topic being discussed

by any means (どうにかして) [副] in any way possible

not insupportable (耐えられないほどではない) [形] not unbearable

私がこの問題について長く論じているのは、イギリスのヤフーの社会をどうにかして耐えられないほどにしたくないという願望からである。

and therefore I here entreat those who have any tincture of this absurd vice, that they will not presume to come in my sight.

tincture (兆候) [名] a slight trace or indication

come in (現れる) [動] arrive or appear

だから私はここで、このばかげた悪徳の兆候がある人には、私の目の前に現れないように懇願する。