Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains.
be born
(生まれる)
[動]
come into existence
free
(自由に)
[副]
without cost or payment
everywhere
(至る所)
[副]
in all places or in every part
chain
(鎖)
[名]
a series of connected metal links
人間は自由に生まれた。しかし、至る所で鎖につながれている。
One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they.
one
(ある人)
[名]
a person of importance
master
(主人)
[名]
a person who has control over something
other
(他人)
[名]
a person other than oneself
still
(それでも)
[副]
even now or even then
remain
(ままである)
[動]
stay in the same place or condition
slave
(奴隷)
[名]
a person who is owned as property by another and is under the control of that person
ある人は自分が他人の主人だと思っているが、それでも彼らよりも大きな奴隷のままである。
How did this change come about?
change
(変化)
[名]
the act or instance of making or becoming different
come about
(起こる)
[動]
take place; happen
この変化はどのようにして起こったのだろうか?
I do not know.
do not know
(知らない)
[動]
be not aware of
私は知らない。
What can make it legitimate?
make
(できる)
[動]
cause to be or become
legitimate
(正当化)
[形]
in accordance with the law or with rules and regulations
何がそれを正当化できるのか?
That question I think I can answer.
question
(質問)
[名]
a statement asking for something and expecting an answer
その質問には答えられると思う。
If I took into account only force, and the effects derived from it, I should say: “As long as a people is compelled to obey, and obeys, it does well;
take into account
(考慮に入れる)
[動]
to consider something when making a decision
force
(力)
[名]
strength or energy exerted or brought to bear
effect
(効果)
[名]
a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause
derive
(生じる)
[動]
to obtain something from a specified source
as long as
(限り)
[接]
on the condition that; provided that
people
(人々)
[名]
human beings in general or considered collectively
compel
(強要する)
[動]
to force or oblige someone to do something
obey
(従う)
[動]
to act in accordance with the command, direction, or request of
do well
(うまくいく)
[動]
to be successful or fortunate
もし私が力とそれから生じる効果だけを考慮に入れるなら、私はこう言うだろう。「人々が従うことを強要され、従う限り、それはうまくいく。
as soon as it can shake off the yoke, and shakes it off, it does still better;
as soon as
(できるだけ早く)
[副]
at the earliest possible time
shake off
(振り払う)
[動]
get rid of
yoke
(くびき)
[名]
a wooden beam normally used between a pair of oxen or other animals that enables them to pull together
do
(行う)
[動]
perform or execute
better
(より良い)
[形]
of a more excellent or effective type or quality
人々がくびきを振り払うことができ、振り払ったなら、それはさらにうまくいく。
for, regaining its liberty by the same right as took it away, either it is justified in resuming it, or there was no justification for those who took it away.”
regain
(取り戻す)
[動]
get or have (something) again
liberty
(自由)
[名]
the state of being free from oppressive restrictions or limitations
take away
(奪う)
[動]
remove or take from a place
resume
(再開する)
[動]
begin again or continue after a pause or interruption
justify
(正当化する)
[動]
show or prove to be right or reasonable
なぜなら、自由を奪ったのと同じ権利によって自由を取り戻すことは、自由を取り戻すことが正当化されるか、自由を奪った人々にとって正当化される理由がなかったかのどちらかだからだ。」
But the social order is a sacred right which is the basis of all other rights.
social order
(社会秩序)
[名]
the way in which a society is organized
sacred
(神聖な)
[形]
consecrated to some deity or to some religious purpose; consecrated
しかし、社会秩序は他のすべての権利の基礎となる神聖な権利である。
Nevertheless, this right does not come from nature, and must therefore be founded on conventions.
nevertheless
(それにもかかわらず)
[副]
in spite of that; notwithstanding; all the same
come from
(生じる)
[動]
have as a source
nature
(自然)
[名]
the physical world and everything in it
must
(~しなければならない)
[助]
be obliged to; be compelled to
be founded on
(に基づく)
[動]
be based on
convention
(慣習)
[名]
a way in which something is usually done
それにもかかわらず、この権利は自然から生じるものではないので、慣習に基づいていなければならない。
Before coming to that, I have to prove what I have just asserted.
before
(前に)
[前]
earlier than; in front of
come
(来る)
[動]
move or travel toward or into a place thought of as near or familiar to the speaker
have to
(しなければならない)
[助]
be obliged to; must
just
(ちょうど)
[副]
exactly; precisely
assert
(主張する)
[動]
state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully
その前に、私が今主張したことを証明しなければならない。