01
厳しい, 重度, 激しい, きびしい, 酷い, 深刻な, いかめしい, 厳格な
形
intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality
≒
terrible, wicked
・
severe pain
形
unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment
≒
spartan
・
a parent severe to the pitch of hostility- H.G.Wells
形
very strong or vigorous
≒
hard, knockout
・
a severe blow
形
very bad in degree or extent
・
a severe worldwide depression
形
causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm
≒
dangerous, serious, life-threatening, grave, grievous
・
a severe case of pneumonia
形
severely simple
≒
stern, austere, stark
派生
副
severely
: 厳しく, ひどく, 激しく, きびしく
派生
名
severity
: 重症度, 重篤度, 厳しさ, 厳格
形比
severer
形最
severest
02
墓, 重大な, 厳粛な, 刻みつける, 深刻な, 墳墓, まじめな, 墓穴
名
a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)
≒
tomb
・
he put flowers on his mother's grave
形
causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm
≒
dangerous, serious, severe, life-threatening, grievous
・
a grave situation
形
of great gravity or crucial import; requiring serious thought
≒
heavy, weighty, grievous
・
grave responsibilities
動
carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface
≒
engrave, scratch, inscribe
形
dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises
≒
solemn, sedate, sober
・
a grave God-fearing man
動
shape (a material like stone or wood) by whittling away at it
≒
sculpture, sculpt
名
death of a person
・
he went to his grave without forgiving me
名
a mark (`) placed above a vowel to indicate pronunciation
≒
grave accent
派生
名
gravity
: 重力, 引力, 重大さ, 重量
派生
動
gravitate
: 引かれる, 向かって行く, 引き寄せられる, 引力に引かれる
句
名
grove
: 木立, 小さな果樹園, 林, 果樹園
句
名
grave issue
: 重大問題
句
名
grave responsibility
: 重責
句
名
center of gravity
: 重心, 質量中心, 重力の中心, 重心の
句
名
specific gravity
: 比重, 重量, 重要性, 重力
句
名
gravity well
: 重力井戸
句
名
gravity meter
: 重力計, 比重計, 液体比重計, 濃度計
句
名
gravity wind
: 滑降風, カタバティック風
複数
graves
三単
graves
現分
graving
過去
graved, grove
過分
graved, grove
形比
graver
形最
gravest
03
深刻な, 重大な, 真面目, 真剣な, 厳粛な, まじめな, 本気の, 重い
形
causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm
≒
dangerous, severe, grave, life-threatening, grievous
・
a serious wound
形
of great consequence
・
marriage is a serious matter
形
completely lacking in playfulness
≒
sober, unplayful
形
concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities
・
a serious student of history
形
appealing to the mind
≒
good
・
a serious book
形
requiring effort or concentration; complex and not easy to answer or solve
・
raised serious objections to the proposal
派生
副
seriously
: 真剣に, まじめに, ひどく, 真剣
派生
名
seriousness
: 深刻さ, 本気, 重大性, 真剣
句
動
take seriously
: 真に受ける, 重視する, 本気にする
形比
seriouser
形最
seriousest
04
重い, 激しい, 重たい, 厚い, 重, 大きい, 重苦しい, 厳しい
形
of great gravity or crucial import; requiring serious thought
≒
weighty, grave, grievous
・
heavy matters of state
形
permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter
≒
dense, impenetrable
・
heavy fog
形
of comparatively great physical weight or density
・
a heavy load
形
unusually great in degree or quantity or number
・
heavy taxes
形
characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort
≒
grueling, punishing, gruelling, laborious, toilsome, hard, backbreaking, arduous
・
heavy work
形
lacking lightness or liveliness
≒
leaden
・
heavy humor
形
marked by great psychological weight; weighted down especially with sadness or troubles or weariness
・
a heavy heart
形
usually describes a large person who is fat but has a large frame to carry it
≒
overweight, fleshy
形
slow and laborious because of weight
≒
lumbering, ponderous
・
the heavy tread of tired troops
形
full of; bearing great weight
≒
weighed down
・
trees heavy with fruit
派生
副
heavily
: 激しく, 重そうに, 重苦しく, ひどく
句
名
heavy metal
: 重金属, ヘビーメタル, ヘヴィメタル, ヘビメタ
句
名
last heavy
: ラストヘビー
形比
heavier
形最
heaviest
05
ハード, 難しい, 硬い, 堅い, 硬質, 厳しい, 激しく, 熱心に
形
characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort
≒
grueling, punishing, laborious, gruelling, heavy, toilsome, arduous, backbreaking
・
hard labor
形
not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure
≒
difficult
・
why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?
形
resisting weight or pressure
形
very strong or vigorous
≒
severe, knockout
・
a hard left to the chin
形
unfortunate or hard to bear
≒
tough
・
had hard luck
副
causing great damage or hardship
≒
severely
・
industries hit hard by the depression
形
being distilled rather than fermented; having a high alcoholic content
≒
strong
・
hard liquor
形
given to excessive indulgence of bodily appetites especially for intoxicating liquors
≒
heavy, intemperate
・
a hard drinker
形
(of speech sounds); produced with the back of the tongue raised toward or touching the velum
・
Russian distinguished between hard consonants and palatalized or soft consonants
副
with firmness
≒
firmly
・
held hard to the railing
派生
副
hardly
: 殆ど, ほとんどない, 漸く, ようやっと
派生
名
hardness
: 硬度, 硬さ, 困難, 厳しさ
派生
動
harden
: 固める, 固まる, 硬化する, 堅くなる
派生
名
hardship
: 苦難, 困難, 辛苦, 困窮
派生
形
hardy
: 耐寒性の, 頑丈な, 大胆な, ずうずうしい
派生
名
hardening
: 硬化, 焼入れ, 凝り, 固め
派生
形
hardened
: 無情な, 硬化した, 鍛えられた, 硬くなった
句
形
hard to
: 難い, 悪い, 辛い
句
名
hard drive
: ハードドライブ, ハードディスク, ハードディスクドライブ, 固定磁気ディスク装置
句
動
work hard
: 勤しむ, 切磋琢磨する, 精勤する, 頑張る
句
前置
hard by
: すぐ近くに, 近くに, 近く, 近くの
形比
harder
形最
hardest
副比
harder
副最
hardest
06
難しい, むずかしい, 困難な, 難い, 扱いにくい, 厳しい, 苦しい, 気難しい
形
not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure
≒
hard
・
a difficult task
形
hard to control
≒
unmanageable
・
a difficult child, "an unmanageable situation"
派生
名
difficulty
: 困難, 難易, 難しさ, 難事
句
形
difficult to
: 難い, 悪い, 辛い
句
副
having difficulty
: ふうふう, フーフー, フゥフゥ, ふーふー
句
動
financial difficulty
: 窮迫する, 窮迫, 経営危機
句
副
with difficulty
: 辛うじて, 辿々しい, 辿たどしい, 辛くも
形比
difficulter
形最
difficultest
07
頑丈な, 頑丈, 不屈の, たくましい, 逞しい, 勇敢な, 丈夫な, 暈倒病
形
having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships
≒
stout, hardy, stalwart
・
sturdy young athletes
形
substantially made or constructed
≒
tough
・
sturdy steel shelves
形
not making concessions
≒
uncompromising, inflexible
形比
sturdier
形最
sturdiest
08
厳しい, 過酷な, きびしい, 不快な, 苛酷な, こっ酷い, 荒い, 手酷い
形
unpleasantly stern
≒
rough
・
wild and harsh country full of hot sand and cactus
形
unkind or cruel or uncivil
≒
rough
・
had harsh words
形
sharply disagreeable; rigorous
≒
abrasive
・
the harsh facts of court delays
形
severe
・
a harsh penalty
形
disagreeable to the senses
・
the harsh cry of a blue jay
形
of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles
≒
coarse
派生
副
harshly
: 厳しく, 刺々, 刺刺, 耳ざわりになるほど
形比
harsher
形最
harshest
09
お菓子, キャンディ, 砂糖菓子, 氷砂糖, 飴, あめ, 飴玉, キャンデー
名
a rich sweet made of flavored sugar and often combined with fruit or nuts
≒
confect
動
coat with something sweet, such as a hard sugar glaze
≒
glaze, sugarcoat
派生
形
candied
: 甘い, 砂糖漬けの, 甘露煮, 甘ったるい
複数
candies
三単
candies
現分
candying
過去
candied
過分
candied
10
墓, 墳墓, 墓石, 墓標, 墓穴, 霊廟, 奥つ城, 奥津城
名
a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)
≒
grave
複数
tombs
11
あえて, 挑戦, する勇気がある, 肝試し, 思い切ってする, 立ち向かう, 挑む, 大胆
名
a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy
≒
daring
・
he could never refuse a dare
動
to be courageous enough to try or do something
・
I don't dare call him, "she dares to dress differently from the others"
動
challenge
≒
defy
・
I dare you!
動
take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission
≒
presume, make bold
・
How dare you call my lawyer?
派生
名
形
daring
: 大胆, 不敵, 勇気, 豪胆
複数
dares
三単
dare
現分
daring
過去
dared, durst
過分
dared, durst
12
生き残る, 生き延びる, 残存する, 乗り切る, 助かる, 生き抜く, 耐える, 存続する
動
continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)
≒
pull round, come through, make it, pull through
・
He survived the cancer against all odds
動
continue to live through hardship or adversity
≒
live on, endure, hold up, hold out, live, last, go
・
These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
動
live longer than
≒
outlive, outlast
動
support oneself
≒
exist, subsist, live
派生
形
surviving
: 生き残った, 生き残っているような, 生還, 残存している
派生
名
survival
: 生存, 残存, 存続, 生き残り
派生
名
survivor
: 生存者, 生き残り, 遺族, 遺物
句
名
survival rate
: 生存率, 残存率
句
名
survival wear
: サバイバルウエア
三単
survives
現分
surviving
過去
survived
過分
survived
13
規律, 訓練, 懲戒, 学科, 懲罰, 懲らしめる, 統制, 学問
名
a branch of knowledge
≒
field of study, subject area, field, subject, subject field, study, bailiwick
・
in what discipline is his doctorate?
名
the act of punishing
≒
correction
・
the offenders deserved the harsh discipline they received
名
a system of rules of conduct or method of practice
・
he quickly learned the discipline of prison routine
動
punish in order to gain control or enforce obedience
≒
sort out, correct
・
The teacher disciplined the pupils rather frequently
名
training to improve strength or self-control
動
develop (children's) behavior by instruction and practice; especially to teach self-control
≒
train, condition, check
・
Parents must discipline their children
名
the trait of being well behaved
・
he insisted on discipline among the troops
派生
形
disciplined
: よく訓練された, 規律のきびしい, きちんとしつけられた, 規律正しい
派生
名
disciple
: 弟子, 信奉者, 使徒, 門人
派生
形
disciplinary
: 訓練の, 学科の, 専門分野の, 懲戒の
句
名
line discipline
: 回線制御規則
句
名
disciplinary action
: 懲戒, 懲戒処分
複数
disciplines
三単
disciplines
現分
disciplining
過去
disciplined
過分
disciplined
14
罰する, 懲らしめる, 処す, 懲らす, 乱暴に扱う, 処罰する, こらしめる, 処分する
動
impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on
≒
penalize, penalise
・
we had to punish the dog for soiling the floor again
派生
名
punishment
: 処罰, 刑罰, 懲罰, 罰
派生
形
punished
: 処罰の, 罰せられる
派生
形
punishing
: 痛手, つらい, 辛い, 苦しい
派生
形
punishable
: 罰する, 罰を受けるべき, 懲罰されるに値する, 罰するべき
句
名
capital punishment
: 死刑, 極刑, 死罪, 処刑
句
名
suitable punishment
: 天罰
三単
punishs
現分
punishing
過去
punished
過分
punished
15
ペナルティ, 違約金, 刑罰, 罰則, 罰金, 処罰, 不利益, 処分
名
the act of punishing
≒
punishment, penalization, penalisation
名
a payment required for not fulfilling a contract
名
the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
・
neglected his health and paid the penalty
名
(games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game
派生
形
penal
: 刑事上の, 刑罰の, 処罰されるべき, 刑場として用いられた
派生
動
penalize
: 罰する, 有罪にする, 処す, 仕置き
句
名
death penalty
: 死刑, 極刑, 死罪, 処刑
句
名
penalty function
: ペナルティ関数
句
名
penalty interest
: 遅延利息
複数
penalties
代替
pœnalty
16
科学, 理科, サイエンス, 学問, 技術, 知識, 自然科学, 理学
名
a particular branch of scientific knowledge
≒
scientific discipline
・
the science of genetics
名
ability to produce solutions in some problem domain
≒
skill
・
the sweet science of pugilism
派生
名
scientist
: 科学者, サイエンティスト, 自然科学者, 科學者
派生
形
scientific
: 科学的な, 科学, 学術, 自然科学の
派生
副
scientifically
: 科学的に, 科学, 学術的に, 科学で
句
名
science fiction
: 空想科学小説, 科学小説, サイエンスフィクション, SF映画
句
名
science film
: 科学映画
句
名
life scientist
: 生命科学者, 生物学者
句
名
scientific research
: 科学研究, 科学的研究
複数
sciences
17
主要な, メジャー, 少佐, 主な, 専攻する, 重要な, 一流の, 長調の
形
of greater importance or stature or rank
・
a major artist
形
of greater seriousness or danger
・
a major earthquake
形
greater in scope or effect
・
a major contribution
動
have as one's principal field of study
・
She is majoring in linguistics
名
a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines; below lieutenant colonel and above captain
名
a university student who is studying a particular field as the principal subject
・
she is a linguistics major
名
the principal field of study of a student at a university
・
her major is linguistics
形
greater in number or size or amount
・
a major portion (a majority) of the population
形
of full legal age
形
of a scale or mode
・
major scales
派生
名
majors
: 大リーグ, メジャー, ビッグリーグ, メジャーリーグ
派生
名
majority
: 大多数, 過半数, 大部分, 大半
句
動
major in
: 専攻する
複数
majors
三単
majors
現分
majoring
過去
majored
過分
majored
18
フロンティア, 辺境, 国境, 境界, 最先端, 限界, 未研究分野, 最前線
名
a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country
・
the individualism of the frontier in Andrew Jackson's day
名
an international boundary or the area (often fortified) immediately inside the boundary
名
an undeveloped field of study; a topic inviting research and development
・
he worked at the frontier of brain science
複数
frontiers
19
建築, アーキテクチャ, 構造, 建物, 構成, 建築学, 建築様式, 建築術
名
the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect
名
the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings
・
architecture and eloquence are mixed arts whose end is sometimes beauty and sometimes use
名
an architectural product or work
名
(computer science) the structure and organization of a computer's hardware or system software
≒
computer architecture
・
the architecture of a computer's system software
派生
名
architect
: 建築家, アーキテクト, 設計者, 考案者
派生
形
architectural
: 建築の, 建築する, 建築学上の, アーキテクチャーの
派生
副
architecturally
: 建築学的に, 建築的に, 建築上で, アーキテクチャーで
句
名
architectural style
: 建築様式, 建築スタイル, 建築のスタイル
句
名
architectural order
: オーダー, オーダ
複数
architectures
20
トピック, 話題, 主題, テーマ, 題目, 論題, 案件, 話柄
名
the subject matter of a conversation or discussion
≒
theme, subject
・
it was a very sensitive topic
名
some situation or event that is thought about
≒
subject, matter, issue
・
he kept drifting off the topic
派生
形
topical
: 局所, 話題の, 論題の, 題目の
派生
副
topically
: 局所的に, 地域的に, 局所に, 局部的に
複数
topics
代替
topick
21
市民, 国民, 住民, 公民, 人民, 一般人, 文民, 民間人
名
a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community
派生
名
citizenship
: 市民権, 国籍, 公民権, シチズンシップ
派生
名
citizenry
: 市民, 人民, 国人, 公民
句
名
multiple citizenship
: 多重国籍, 重国籍, 二重国籍
複数
citizens
22
デュアル, 二重の, 二元的な, 双対の, 双数, 双対, 二元の, 二つ折りの
形
having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities
≒
double, twofold, two-fold, three-fold, threefold, treble
・
a double (or dual) role for an actor
形
consisting of or involving two parts or components usually in pairs
≒
double, duple
・
dual controls for pilot and copilot
形
a grammatical number category referring to two items or units as opposed to one item (singular) or more than two items (plural)
・
ancient Greek had the dual form but it has merged with the plural form in modern Greek
派生
名
duality
: 二重性, 双対性, 二元性, 双対
句
名
dual number
: 両数, 双数
句
名
dual school
: 共学校
句
名
dual operation
: 双対演算
23
省, 内閣, 奉仕, 大臣の職務, 聖職, 牧師, 援助, 媒介
名
a government department under the direction of a minister
名
building where the business of a government department is transacted
名
religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)
名
the work of a minister of religion
・
he is studying for the ministry
句
名
each ministry
: 各省
複数
ministries
24
厳しい, 厳格な, 厳密な, きびしい, 正確な, 厳重な, 喧しい, 固い
形
(of rules) stringently enforced
≒
hard-and-fast
形
incapable of compromise or flexibility
≒
rigid
形
severe and unremitting in making demands
≒
exacting, stern
・
strict standards
形
rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard
≒
rigorous
・
a strict vegetarian
形
characterized by strictness, severity, or restraint
≒
nonindulgent
派生
副
strictly
: 厳密に, 厳しく, 厳格に, 厳重に
派生
名
stricture
: 狭窄, 拘束, 非難, 批評
句
形
not strict
: 緩い
句
名
strict search
: 厳探
形比
stricter
形最
strictest
25
返信, 応答, 答える, 回答, 返事, 返答, リプライ, 応じる
名
a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation
≒
response, answer
・
he wrote replies to several of his critics
名
the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange
≒
response
・
he growled his reply
動
react verbally
≒
respond, answer
句
動
reply to
: 応ずる
複数
replies
三単
replies
現分
replying
過去
replied
過分
replied
26
応じる, 反応する, 応える, 答える, 応答する, 返事をする, 応ずる, 返答する
動
react verbally
≒
reply, answer
動
show a response or a reaction to something
≒
react
動
respond favorably or as hoped
・
The cancer responded to the aggressive therapy
派生
名
response
: 応答, 反応, 反響, レスポンス
派生
名
responding
: 応答, 呼応, 感応, 反応
派生
形
responsive
: 敏感な, 応答の, 反応の早い, 敏感の
派生
名
形
respondent
: 回答者, 被告, 応答者, 反応する
派生
名
responder
: 応答者, レスポンダ, 応答側, 回答
派生
形
responsible
: 責任がある, 信頼できる, 原因である, 責任の重い
派生
名
responsiveness
: 応答性, 反応性, 敏感さ, 応答
句
動
be responsive
: 反応する, 打てば響く
句
形
responsible for
: 責任の, 責任がある, 原因の, 対して責任があるような
句
名
being responsible
: 担当
句
名
responsible area
: 責任範囲
三単
responds
現分
responding
過去
responded
過分
responded
27
答え, 回答, 解答, 応答, 返事, 答弁, 答える, 答
名
a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation
≒
reply, response
・
I waited several days for his answer
名
the speech act of replying to a question
動
react verbally
≒
reply, respond
・
She didn't want to answer
名
a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem
≒
solvent, solution, resolution, result
・
the answers were in the back of the book
名
a nonverbal reaction
・
his answer to any problem was to get drunk
動
understand the meaning of
≒
resolve
・
The question concerning the meaning of life cannot be answered
動
give the correct answer or solution to
・
answer a question
名
the principal pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea...
動
be satisfactory for; meet the requirements of or serve the purpose of
・
This may answer her needs
動
respond to a signal
・
answer the door
派生
形
answering
: 応答の, 反応の, 応答, 応答する
派生
形
answerable
: 一致する, 答えられる, 見合う, 責任を負った
句
動
answer to
: 報告する, 出頭する, 責任を負う
句
動
answer for
: 責任を取る, 請け合う, 釈明をする, 説明する
複数
answers
三単
answers
現分
answering
過去
answered
過分
answered
28
フィードバック, 帰還, 反応, 反響, フィードバックする, 手応え, ハウリング, 帰還する
名
response to an inquiry or experiment
名
the process in which part of the output of a system is returned to its input in order to regulate its further output
複数
feedbacks
29
返す, 戻る, 戻り, 戻す, 復帰, リターン, 帰る, 帰還
動
pay back
≒
give back, repay, refund
動
give back
≒
render
動
go back to a previous state
≒
revert, turn back, regress, retrovert
動
go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before
・
return to your native land
動
answer back
≒
come back, repay, rejoin, retort, riposte
名
getting something back again
≒
regaining, restoration, restitution
名
the occurrence of a change in direction back in the opposite direction
≒
coming back
名
the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property
≒
proceeds, takings, yield, payoff, issue, take
・
the average return was about 5%
名
the act of someone appearing again
≒
reappearance
動
bring back to the point of departure
≒
bring back, take back
派生
名
returns
: 収益, 収穫, 利潤, 得分
派生
形
returning
: 帰来, 折り返し, 帰途, 帰参
句
形
returned
: 及び腰の, 角度の, 角のある
句
副
in return
: 代わりで, お返しに
句
副
by return
: 折り返し, 折り返しで, 折返し
複数
returns
三単
returns
現分
returning
過去
returned
過分
returned
30
反応する, 反作用する, 反対する, 反抗する, 応える, 争う, 応答する, 応じる
動
act against or in opposition to
≒
oppose
・
She reacts negatively to everything I say
動
show a response or a reaction to something
≒
respond
動
undergo a chemical reaction; react with another substance under certain conditions
・
The hydrogen and the oxygen react
派生
名
reaction
: 反応, 反作用, 反動, 化学変化
派生
名
reactor
: 原子炉, リアクター, リアクトル, 反応炉
派生
形
reactive
: 反応性の, 反応の早い, 反作用の, 反発する
派生
名
reactant
: 反応物, 試薬, 試剤, 反応剤
派生
名
reactance
: リアクタンス, 誘導抵抗
派生
名
形
reactionary
: 反動的, 保守的な, 反動, 反動主義者
派生
名
reactivity
: 反応性, 反応, 反応度, 活性
派生
動
reactivate
: 再活性化する, 再起動する, 再活性化にする, 再アクティブ化
派生
名
reactivation
: 再活性化, 再活性化に, 再アクティブ化, 復活させること
句
動
react to
: 反応する, 受け止める, 気触れる, 受けとめる
句
名
name reaction
: 人名反応
句
名
nuclear reactor
: 原子炉, 核反応炉, リアクター, 電池
三単
reacts
現分
reacting
過去
reacted
過分
reacted
31
足りる, 十分である, 満足させる, こと足りる, 事足りる, 満たす, 足る, 事足る
動
be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity
≒
answer, serve, do
・
A 'B' grade doesn't suffice to get me into medical school
派生
形
sufficient
: 十分な, 充分な, 十分, 足りる
派生
副
sufficiently
: 十分に, 充分に, 確り, 充分な
句
動
be sufficient
: 足りる, 満ち足りる, 間に合う, 充足する
三単
suffices
現分
sufficing
過去
sufficed
過分
sufficed
32
十分な, 十分に, 十分, 充分, 不足のない, 全く, たくさん, 足りる
副
as much as necessary
≒
plenty
・
Have I eaten enough?; (`plenty' is nonstandard) "I've had plenty, thanks"
形
sufficient for the purpose
≒
adequate, decent
・
enough food
名
an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose
≒
sufficiency
・
enough is as good as a feast
句
動
be enough
: 足りる, 足る, 間に合う, 間にあう
句
形
not enough
: 物足りない, 仕方がない, 呆気ない, 足りない
句
動
have enough
: 厭きる, 倦る, 懲りる
複数
enoughs
代替
anough
代替
eneugh
33
戻す, 先祖返りする, 復帰する, 戻る, 回顧する, 逆戻りする, 返る, 立ち戻る
動
go back to a previous state
≒
return, turn back, regress, retrovert
・
We reverted to the old rules
動
undergo reversion, as in a mutation
派生
形
reverted
: 先祖返りした
派生
名
形
reverting
: 再発, 逆戻り, 退転, 帰属
派生
名
reversion
: 復帰, 先祖返り, 反転, 逆戻り
句
動
revert to
: 帰属する, に戻る, 戻る, 振り返る
句
動
revert back
: 答える, 返事をする, 返事する, 答え
三単
reverts
現分
reverting
過去
reverted
過分
reverted
34
復讐, 復しゅう, ふくしゅう, 仕返し, 報復, あだ討ち, 復讐する, 遺恨
名
action taken in return for an injury or offense
≒
retaliation
動
take revenge for a perceived wrong
≒
avenge, retaliate
句
動
take revenge
: 報復する, 復讐する, 討つ, 復讐をする
複数
revenges
三単
revenges
現分
revenging
過去
revenged
過分
revenged
35
払い戻し, 払いもどし, 返金, 還付, 払戻し, 償還, 返済する, 払い戻しする
名
the act of returning money received previously
≒
repayment
名
money returned to a payer
動
pay back
≒
give back, repay, return
・
Please refund me my money
派生
形
名
refundable
: 払い戻しができる, 払い戻しできる, 払い戻しのできる, 返金可能
複数
refunds
三単
refunds
現分
refunding
過去
refunded
過分
refunded
36
反対, 逆の, 不利な, 反する, 逆に, あべこべ, 相いれない, 裏腹
形
resistant to guidance or discipline
≒
wayward, perverse, obstinate
・
Mary Mary quite contrary
名
a relation of direct opposition
≒
reverse, opposite
形
in an opposing direction
≒
adverse
・
a contrary wind
形
of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true but both may be false
・
`hot' and `cold' are contrary terms
形
very opposed in nature or character or purpose
・
acts contrary to our code of ethics
名
exact opposition
・
public opinion to the contrary he is not guilty
名
a logical relation such that two propositions are contraries if both cannot be true but both can be false
句
前置
contrary to
: に反して, 反して, にも関わらず, にもかかわらず
句
副
on the contrary
: それどころか, 逆に, 却って, 反対に
句
副
to the contrary
: 逆に, 反対に, 却って, 反って
句
動
be contrary
: 相反する, 背く, 拗じくれる, 捩じくれる
句
名
contrary person
: 天の邪鬼, ひねくれ者, 臍曲り, 天邪鬼
複数
contraries
37
前者, 以前の, 前の, かつての, 先の, 元の, 作成者, 前者の
名
the first of two or the first mentioned of two
・
Tom and Dick were both heroes but only the former is remembered today
形
belonging to some prior time
≒
one-time, sometime, old, onetime, erstwhile, quondam
・
our former glory
形
referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)
・
the novel was made into a film in 1943 and again in 1967; I prefer the former version to the latter one
形
(used especially of persons) of the immediate past
≒
previous, late
・
the former president
形
belonging to the distant past
≒
early, other
・
former generations
派生
副
formerly
: かつて, 先に, 以前, 嘗て
句
名
former make
: 旧製
句
名
former people
: 前人
複数
formers
38
以前の, 前の, 先の, 以前, 前回, 前, 早まった, 早計な
形
just preceding something else in time or order
≒
old
・
the previous owner
形
(used especially of persons) of the immediate past
≒
former, late
・
the previous occupant of the White House
形
too soon or too hasty
≒
premature
・
our condemnation of him was a bit previous
派生
副
previously
: 以前に, 先に, 予め, 前もって
句
名
副
previous year
: 前年, 昨年度
句
前置
previous to
: 以前に, 前に
代替
prævious
39
古い, 年とった, 歳の, 昔の, 以前の, 年上の, 年長の, 老い
形
of long duration; not new
・
old tradition
形
just preceding something else in time or order
≒
previous
・
my old house was larger
形
(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age
・
his mother is very old
形
skilled through long experience
≒
older
・
an old offender
形
belonging to some prior time
≒
one-time, sometime, onetime, former, erstwhile, quondam
名
past times (especially in the phrase `in days of old')
形
(used informally especially for emphasis)
≒
honest-to-goodness, honest-to-god, sure-enough
・
had us a high old time
形
(used for emphasis) very familiar
・
good old boy
派生
形
older
: 古い, 年上の, 大きい, 年長
句
名
形
elder
: 長老, 年上の, ニワトコ, 年長者
句
名
形
eldest
: 長男, 最年長, 長子, 長子の
句
副
of old
: ずっと前で, その昔で, 其の昔で, ずっと
句
名
years old
: 歳, 築
複数
olds
形比
elder, older
形最
eldest, oldest
40
遅く, 遅い, 遅れて, 遅れた, 前の, 亡き, 先の, 最新の
形
after the expected or usual time; delayed
≒
tardy, belated
・
I'm late for the plane
副
later than usual or than expected
≒
belatedly, tardily
・
the train arrived late
形
being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time
・
late evening
副
to an advanced time
≒
deep
・
talked late into the evening
副
in the recent past
≒
recently, lately, of late, latterly
・
as late as yesterday she was fine
副
at an advanced age or stage
・
she married late
形
of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
≒
recent
・
a late development
形
at or toward an end or late period or stage of development
≒
later
・
the late phase of feudalism
形
(used especially of persons) of the immediate past
≒
previous, former
・
our late President is still very active
形
of a later stage in the development of a language or literature; used especially of dead languages
・
Late Greek
派生
副
形
later
: 後で, 後ほど, 後に, その後
派生
名
形
latest
: 最新, 最新の, 新しい, 最後の
派生
副
lately
: 最近, 近頃, 近ごろ, この間
句
形
the late
: 亡き, 故, 亡
句
副
of late
: 最近, 近ごろ, このごろ, 近頃
句
動
late for
: 遅刻する, 遅れる, に遅れる
句
副
later on
: 後で, 後程, 後に, 追って
句
名
years later
: 年後
形比
later
形最
latest
副比
later
副最
latest
41
早い, 早く, 早期, 初期の, 早々, 初期, 上旬, 昔の
形
at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time
・
early morning
形
being or occurring at an early stage of development
・
in an early stage
形
very young
・
at an early age
副
before the usual time or the time expected
≒
ahead of time, too soon
・
she graduated early
副
during an early stage
≒
early on
・
early on in her career
形
of an early stage in the development of a language or literature
・
the Early Hebrew alphabetical script is that used mainly from the 11th to the 6th centuries B.C.
副
in good time
≒
betimes
形
belonging to the distant past
≒
former, other
・
the early inhabitants of Europe
形
expected in the near future
・
look for an early end to the negotiations
派生
形
副
earliest
: 最古, 最古の
派生
副
形
earlier
: 以前, 先に, 曩に, 前
句
副
early on
: 初期に, 早期に, 早くから, 早々
句
副
from early
: 早くから
句
副
earlier on
: 以前で, 前で, 此の前で
形比
earlier
形最
earliest
副比
earlier
副最
earliest
42
後者, 後半の, 後者の, 最近の, 近頃の, 終わりの方の, 後の, 後のほうの
名
the second of two or the second mentioned of two
・
Tom and Dick were both heroes but only the latter is remembered today
形
referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)
・
in the latter case
派生
副
latterly
: 最近, この間, この節, 此の程
句
形
the latter
: 乙の, 後者の, 後者, 乙
43
最近の, 新しい, 現世, 少し前の, 近代, 近ごろの, 今度, 生生しい
形
of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
≒
late
・
his recent trip to Africa
形
new
・
recent graduates
派生
副
recently
: 最近, 先頃, 近年, 近頃
句
名
recent years
: 近年
句
名
形
most recent
: 直近, 最後の, 足下の, 最新
44
一度, 一旦, いったん, かつて, 以前, 一回, ある時, 一時
副
at a previous time
≒
formerly, at one time, erst, erstwhile
・
she was a dancer once;
副
on one occasion
≒
one time, in one case
・
once I ran into her
副
as soon as
・
once we are home, we can rest
句
副
at once
: 一度に, 一気に, すぐに, 同時に
句
副
once again
: もう一度, 再び, 再度, 又もや
句
副
for once
: たまには, 今度だけは, 今回だけ
45
再び, 再度, もう一度, ふたたび, 改めて, 二度と, あらためて, 又もや
副
anew
≒
once again, once more, over again
・
she tried again
句
副
over again
: 改めて, さらに, ふたたび, また
代替
agin
代替
againe
46
前に, 以前に, 前, 以前, する前に, の前に, 先に, の以前に
副
in the past
・
long ago
形
gone by; or in the past
≒
agone
・
two years ago
47
昨日, きのう, 昨今, 近ごろ, 過去, きのうの, きのうは, 昨
名
the recent past
・
yesterday's solutions are not good enough
名
the day immediately before today
・
it was in yesterday's newspapers
副
on the day preceding today
・
yesterday the weather was beautiful
副
in the recent past; only a short time ago
・
I was not born yesterday!
句
名
yesterday night
: 昨晩, 昨夜, 昨夜で
複数
yesterdays
48
生まれた, 生まれながらの, 天性の, 先天的な, 生まれつきの, 天成, 生まれる, 誕生する
形
being talented through inherited qualities
≒
innate, natural
・
a born musician
形
brought into existence
・
he was a child born of adultery
句
動
be born
: 生まれる, 誕生する, 生まれ落ちる, 生れる
句
形
born in
: 生まれの, 生まれ, 生れ